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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 22, 1901)
THE' MO-RNTNG OUEGONIAN, MONDAY, "APJIL 22, 1901. GROWTH OF THE PEACH HOW XATDRE BUILDS UP THE DEL ICATE FRUIT. Quality and 'Sot Quantity, Should Be the Grovrcr's Aim The "World for a Market. mnCTINGTON, April 20. (To the Ed tor.) Deciduous fruits are classified as single stone and plural stone fruits. Peaches are known as one of the single stone fruits, and for illustrative purposes vre take the growth of the peach tree to full development in growth. From the seed comes the young plant or scion. The first year, if properly cared for, It is a happy Infant in its line, and thrives and develops according to its surroundings. In the Fall, its climatic condition changes, its life circuit is in terrupted; its leaves fall, as soon as the life flults returns to its roots in the earth.. Its name is seedling, man says that is low Wood. It must have ances tral blood. A bud is taken from a parent of high degree and quality, the "yellow Craw ford' That bud is placed in the root. Spring has come, life's circuit is again in perfect operation, the scion of the seedling Is removed and the infant's name is "yellow Crawford." Now, the root Is a child, and scion "Crawford" is a thrifty Infant, with a vitally, strong constitution and it grows and thrives, and In the Fall after the fluids return to the root, in order to develop It physically, it should be pruned, liberally; that forces root development, as the root develops and becomes stronger, its power increases, and power" is what we want. That means Increased vitality and a strong constitution, as the natural law says, first the physical and then the mental, and a great scientist once remarked that vegetable life as a system, must be governed by natural laws of life. The third Fall of the root and the sec ond Fall of the scion "Crawford," both are children. Again, for further develop ment of power, we prune liberally, and, we leave three or four first laterals or limbs. Prune so a.s to leave the child or tree well balanced and symetrical, "but take out the central lateral; that is very necessary for several reasons. The child grows gracefully and well balanced. The fruitage fluids that come from the tap roots are more -evenly distributed. The wood fluids from the surface roots (on tree braces) are also more powerful in equal distribution. The life circuit is better because the sun and heat can act more directly and the flavors and colors both in fruit growth and perfect maturity. The second laterals have more room to develop the blossoms and fruit surface area, for at that second year pruning, it is the last season of childhood in the life of the peach jree, What pruning is done In after years, is simply' the train ing of the adult; the child has passed to maturity and thence forward, the physi cal and mental are developed by care and cultivation, and the more care and cultivation they have, the more perfect the fruit and the hetter the results. Conditions of "Vegetable Growth. In vegetable growth, three conditions are considered; first the deposit, or food material, of minerals . and sugars, con tained in the soils -where' we plant" the Feed of the kinds we "wish to produce. Second, the 'climatic conditions for wood growth of the plant we wish to produce, and third, water to apply to the former conditions, for wlfhout water at the pro per season, we cannot do business. The two first conditions may be perfect, hut without moisture, combustion can not go forward and do its part in na ture's great labor of production and de velopment,, as the system is not complete. We now have the third year com menced. Examination of the buds in early Spring, develops the fact that matu rity is here. Side by side are the fruit and foliage buds. The fruit in advance of the foliage, the deep sunk tap roots throw up the fruitage fluids first, showing a warmer temperature below the frost line of the surface roots. If the body warms up under the Influence of the warm sunny days, the bud develops rapidly, and this first sctlon opens out into fully developed blossoms. How beautiful it is, with Its fine colors and beautiful tracery and dis play of nature's 'fine art. What a delicate receptacle or cradle for those young fruit germs. For three days and nights and during those hours while the jacket Is fully open, they are very sensitive; a rain and frost will kill themat that time, almost in stantly. That is what we call polleniza tion period. The central spur Is the fruit germ sour, other .smaller spurs surround ing it, and .all are covered with a vellow ish and white fine powder, so light that a breath of air detaches It and sets it in motion. The honey bee goes in there after sweets and gets his fee all covered ith that powder, and mixes things up generally there, and all the way home and at home. On the third day, the jacket begins to close in front, and soon It is all closed up tight. The little peach is pro tected and that section is quite safe, and as the little peach grows, it bursts the jacket close to the stem end, and the jacket slips over the blossom end of the peach, and is carried away by the wind. Now, the peach Is comparatively safe "against frost. If the frost comes that sec tion is comparatively safe. If the tree is in a healthy condition physically, the fluids respond quickly to the call of the life circuity which must respond to the heat from'the sun, which usually follows a frost. -"''- Development of the Peach. The blossoms are developed in sections, usually four sections on a healthy tree. Sometimes one or two sections get caught by frost, and that means half a crop; sometimes they all get caught by froet, and that means no crop. Some theorists claim that alternate varieties should be planted for fertilization purposes. On some varieties of fruits this may be effect ive, but a seedling root -with a blooded felon is a condition where nature's laws have been fulfilled most naturally. The little peach begins the race of life for maturity and beauty; all its formation Is now complete. It Is ready for development along natural lines; Its center receives the fluids from the parent and the pit is formed, the shell is formed In plastic form, which, with age, becomes hard and strong, and at a proper time, becomes the hard peach stone. All the fluids from the parent tree pass Into the pit and are filtered through the hard shell. The main arteries, arranged in the corrugating re ceptacles on the outside of the stone, take up those filtered fluids and distribute through the peach In smaller arteries, which terminate at the inner cuticle or lining of the skin proper, which is a com bination preserver for both the inside and outside. It means for the inside that "thus far shalt thou go, and no farther," and during growth is air tight, permitting no matter to get In, except through na ture's channel.. and Its outside is a cushion for beauty .nd usefulness. Now, all the water we Trant for growth up to the time that the stone is hard and the "Crawford" about the size of a small hen's eee, Is just enough for tree growth and foliage, and to keep the tree from, getting thirsty. If It gets too dry, the leaves will curl and turn yellow. That is a sure sign that the parent Is hot and thirsty and must have a drink, or devel opment must stop. The load is too great, and when the fruit is about the size of a small walnut, a part should be thrown off. That lightens the load. If too much water goes into the fruit before the shell is hard, the force will break the stone or split it, and then we have a split-stone peach and a moldy pit. The mechanical fievlce is broken, and the injection of the fluids containing the acids, sugars and flavors, continue to go to the pit, but are never properly distributed throughout the peach, and a. maturity you may have a fairly sightly product, but never highly flavored, i0 "it would have been if the filter had not been broken. Too much water reduces the flavor. The most of us concede that In cooker', then why should it not be conceded in fruit growth, where' wafer is "the motive power in growth, and hence, when just after the stone la hard, and Just before commencement of maturity, we let on the water; the tree is hot, the earth is hot, and the sun is hotter, and from these Influences the life circuit is under a full head of steam, and as a consequence," development is very rapid. Then thewater furnishes food and drink, the minerals are absorbed and it is one continual round of acids in solu tion which are forming the solids, through nature's process. Expansion is the orderof the day; we are nearing perfect maturity. The sun 6trlkes the fruit and it gets hot. We have pruned so that every peach gets the benefit of the hot sun. Occasionally, a leaf gets between the sun and the peach and is photographed on the peach, and instead of a full color, we have a picture of that leaf. Had it not been for that leaf, the Crawford at perfect maturity would have been a dark crimson with a cast of yellow, where it was shaded from the sun by its own form. A thing of perfect beauty in crimson and gold, dressed in the finest of velvets. The last three days of maturity are the mbst im portant in development of any of the days of Ite growth. Up to that time the acids have had the principal part of the field of operation. In these last three daysr of perfect maturity, the sugars and flavors go in. The stripping process is in opera tion, and we are getting the cream from the treer when that is done natures work Is done. The leaves turn yellow and drop, and the fluids begin to return to the roots, and nature has commenced to for tify, and we do not want any more water. "Let the tree -rest; it has done its work, and done it well, but do not forget that eternal vigilance is the price of high grade fruit production. Quality, and not quantity, in any coun try, no matter what the natural advant ages are, must be observed. Hemember that you only produce that qualify by skillfully selecting the soils containing the proper deposits for the article you wish to produce; the proper climatic con ditions for wood growth and molstuie, or water to apply at the proper time, and when you have done these things and es tablished your trees on a system for fruit age, you are on a paying basis, and need not fear for the results In this Northern Pacific Coast country, of natural decidu ous fruit-producing districts. Let your motto be,, "High-grade fruits and the "world for a market." Then you co-operate with the evaporator and distributor of both green and preserved fruits, and have a voice in the price and terms of distribution, for you, as a grower, are the raw material man, and have .got something of quality to sell, and your customers are legion. Respectfully yours, A. B. BOWMAN. FRONT FOOT ASSESSMENT. A Statement by Sir. Teal in Reply to Mr. Corbett. PORTLAND, April 2L (To the Editor.) It was not my purpose in publishing my short note in The Oregonlan of the 20th, to start any controversy over the street question, but to call attention to the fact that the decision rendered by Judge Bel linger had been foreseen las probable and steps had been taken to omit the legal objections to our present method of Im proving streets. 1 then stated certain facts as to what had been done in this decision, Mr. Corbet replies in this morning's (Sunday) issue of The Oregon lan, stating that I referred to a provision In the -"lately prepared new . charter" containing, it further stating, that Mr. Mills denies the charter was the product of the "Taxpayers' League," and asking me to give the. public the provisions of the proposed charter to which I referred. My letter speaks for Itself, and a read ing of Jt will show that I never said it was a part of the new charter! -nor. that the proposed charter "was" the product of -the Taxpayers' League. On the con trary, what it did say was that these amendments -were "prepared by Mr. Mills, assisted by counsel "which were Anally sent to the members of the Legislature for Incorporation into the charter." From this statement, Mr. Corbett Infer red that what I meant to say was that it was adopted by the legislature And was a part of the charter vetoed by jthe Governor. It may be that 'such a con struction of my language, might be jus tified, but I did .not say so, nor mean to say so. Perhaps it might have been better to have gone on and stated the re sult of the effort to obtain this amend ment, but as it was not the law, the rea-, son ior lis aeiear. or iauure to pass am not seem to me of any Importance. How ever, as stated to me by members of the Legislature and others, the amendments' were Incorporated Into the "proposed charter," and were afterwards stricken out and the present plan restored" on the yrgent solicitation and advice of a num ber of the city officials. These gentlemen had had long-experience in street work, were entirely honest In their "motives, and' may have been altogether rightj in their objections, but the above is the explana tion which has been given me as to why the plan proposed by Mr. -Mills and his committee was dropped. It would serve no good purpose to enter Into a discussion as to the proper method of street improvement or street repairs. The "Charter Commission" will soon be at It, and this question will no doubt be the subject of many a "headache" before they are through. I have the greatest respect, both personally for Mr. Corbett, and for his judgment, but on this ques tion of street matters I have very strong convictions. I am oppose'd to the "front foot" rule for paying for street improve ments; I am opposed to our present lack of method of maintaining streets (or rather not maintaining them) ; I .am op posed to compelling the property-holder, after he has improved the street, forever to maintain it, and I do believe some just and equitable method should be adopted. Mr. Corbett refers to what might happen, and says, "If streets are not to be paid for by abutting property-owners," etc., "all will want their streets Improved with as phalt away out to Mount Tabor." and then he figures up the tax required for this purpose and asks If the people will stand It. He misses the point altogether. No one has ever claimed that abutting property-owners should not pay for all, or practically all the -costs, except In very rare cases which might arise, but that it must be paid for on the basis of benefits and damages. Furthermore, In well-regulated cities where the city Is directly interested in maintaining streets, there Is an effective veto power lodged somewhere In the city government, just as the Water Committee now turns down applications and petitions for new mains and extensions, when -.It does not think them, necessary, and this veto power has has been found sufficient-to prevent un due haste or Improvident or unnecessary expenses. It Is to avoid the 'very thing Mr. Cor bett approves In street matters that the change is desired. Now as he says, "peo ple will make such- improvements as they think wise,' etc This Is one of the hiost serious defects In our present.. method, which simply leads to no streets. It Is true our present system has been In force for 50 years, and the result speaks for itself. When I first came to Portland, what could, properly be called the settled portion was bounded by the river on the east. Clay street on the south. Twelfth street on the west and Gllsan street on the iiorth. The "front foot" rule. worked fairly well on the flat bounded by those lines, but the city has grown, gulches and low lands have to be crossed on the soutn, north, east and west, and bridges have to be built and maintained. -East Portland, prior to its incorporation Into the greater city. I am told, built and njalntalned the elevated roadways, or a portion of them. However, without going into a general discussion, it Is perfectly manifest that owing to the "lay of the land" this prob-v lem will have to be met and solved. I own no "gulches" or "low lands," and the only possible result I can see so'far as I am personally concerned would be to jdd spme slight amount to my tax. It is not a question of "gulch owners" that is Involved. It is a question concerning the whole city. Alder street. In the west end, as well as some cross streets. Is closed. From what 1 see In the papers I gather there is -only one safe bridge to the main part of South Portland., On the East Side, not many months ago, one of the most Important thoroughfares was closed for a long- time. Horses broke through bridges and liad to be killed, and our streets generally are In a bad condition. Now these are the facts. What are you going to do about It?- So far as the gulch owner Is concerned, the city has to pay now if the improve ment is made, but Instead of . putting mos't of" the cost where It belongs-"on the property benefited it Is paid for Jjy the city. Of course, the- form of an as sessment and all tha"t Is gone through with, but I will submit to any map of unprejudiced judgment, If a new bridge was ordered to be built across 4)ne of tnr deep gulches in the south end- of town, tlje assessment would not be more than the property in the gulch Is worth, and if the owner would not let It go? Then who would pay If the bridge was" buflt? In all fairness. Is it right or jest that the cost of maintaining the elevated roadways on the East Side over which al the travel has to gc should be borne solely by the abutting property-holder, not only for the use of pedestrians and wagons, but for street rallWajcompanle as weil? Is It right that In' the "North End, over the lake,, in order to enable the mills and other Interests situated on the high ground beyond to reacti certain parts of the-city, the entire 'cost of build ing and maintaining those elevated road ways should be cast on the abutting owners? Finally, I would say as expressing my position, so far as I am now advised, I believe: First, the cost of the primary Improvement should ,6-e laid very largely and generally always on the abutting property, but' paid for on a basis of bene fits and damages. Second, that the power should be lodged somewhere of s vetoing Improper Improvements. That Is,- while I "would not give the power to force the initial Improvement, I would give a veto power to prevent an Improper one from being laid. Third, that after an Improve ment Is made under the rules and regula tions of the city and accepted by It, that, then certainly 'for a term of 'years, at least. It should be 'matntalried out of the general fund. Fourth, the street rail ways .and others using the streets, such as telephone, gas companies, water com panies, etc., should 'be compelled to main tain the part they agree to ma'lntaln, and when thev dig u streets, restore them as they were. Fifth, the laws respecting the throwing of filth and garbage, etc.. Into the streets should be enforced, the sidewalks kept free and clear of-obstructions, and the ordinary rules of cleanli ness and health respected and carried out. On some such plan as the above 'we Would get good streets, they would be maintained, and they would be kept clean, all of which are consummations most de voutly to be wished for." "" - J.- N.-TEAL. . FIGHT ON PROTECTION. Question Whether Babcoclc Will , Keep tt Up. WASHINGTON, April 21.-ome ques tion has' arisen as to whether Representa tive Babcock, of Wisconsin, is sincere in his determination to make a fight on pro tection on the ground that it is fostering or apparently fostering trusts. Whether he Is sincere or not, he must follow up -what he has done. . To take a back track would mean considerable disaster to him. Babcock has voiced the sentiment of- at least half the Republican membership ' in the House, as near as can be found by casual conversation with a great many of them. There is -an ardent "desire on the part of a great many members of 'Con gress to do something In the way of tariff legislation which will check the forma tion of trusts. Babcock will find behind him a pretty good organization, at the head of which will be a half dozen or more of the men who stood out against the Porto RIcan' tariff legislation and voted against their party. How effective these men will be ,is anpther question. The ways and means committee, as it Is now made up, will probably be against any tariff provision, especially oh kthe lines of the Babcock bills. Yet the House will have-ltJ In its power to take it out of the hands of the ways and means com mittee, and the ways and means commit tee Is not strong enough .to resist a. de-f termlned-effort If backed by one-thIrd-of the" Republican members, who -will receive Democratic support. Tariff legislation in the direction of the Babcock bills will be attempted, and possibly may be success ful. But the Republican whip Is" very strong, and many a member who talked loudly during the closing days of the last Congress will sing in a-low tone when it comes to actually faclng'a bolt from' his party. . ' Our Demands of Cuba. LENTS, Or., April 15. (To the Editor.) Will you please reprint the Piatt amend ments to the Cuban bill and oblige. . A 'READER. , Here they are: Provided further, That In fulfillment of the declaration contained in the joint resolution approved on April 20, 1808, entitled, "For the recognition of the Independence of the people of Cuba, demanding that the government of Spain relinquish Its authority and government In "the Island of Cuba, and to withdraw Its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters, and directing tha President of the United States to use the land "and -naval forces of the United States to carry these resolu tions into effect." the President is hereby au thorized to "leave the government and control of -the Island of Cuba to its people" so soon as a government shall have been establshed In- said Island under a constitution which, either as a part thereof or in" an ordinance ap pended "thereto, shall define the future rela tions of the United States with Cuba, substan tially as follows: 1. That the Government of Cuba shall never enter Into any treaty or other compact with any forelrn power or powers which will Im pair or tend to Impair the independence of Cuba, nor In any manner authorize or permit any foreign power or powers to obtain by colonization or for military or naial purposes or otherwise, lodsment In or control over any portion of said island. 2. That said government shall not assume or contract any public debt, to pay the Inter est upon which and to make reasonable! sink ing fund provision for, the ultimate discharge of which the ordinary revenues of the island, after defraying the current expenses of gov ernment, shall be Inadequate. 3. That the Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to Intervene for the preservation of Cuban in dependence, the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property and individual liberty, and for discharging the obligations with respect to Cuba Imposed by the treaty of Paris on the United States, now to be assumed and undertaken by the Go ernment of Cuba. 4. That all acts of the United States in Cuba during Its tm!lltary occupancy thereof are ratified and , validated, and" all lawful rights acquired thereunder shall "be maintained and protected. 5. That the Government of Cuba will exe cute and as far as necessary extend the plans already delsed, or other plans to be mutually agreed upon, for the sanitation" of the cities of the? Island, to- the end that a recurrence of epidemics and Infectious diseases may be pre vented, thereby assuring protection to- the people and commerce of Cuba, as well as to I me uuuiiiici t.o ul ... oyuuiviii jui ba ui LUC United States and the people residing therein. k C That-the Isle of Pines shall be omitted from the proposed constitutional boundaries,, of Cuba, the title thereto being left to future adjustment by treaty. 7. That, to enable the United States to maintain the Independence of Cuba and to protect the people thereof, as well for Its own defense, the Government of Cuba will sell oruJease to the United States lands neces sary tor coaling or naval stations at certain -specified points, to be agreed upon with the President of the United States. 8 That by way of further assurance the Government of Cuba will embody the fore going provisions in a permanent treaty with the United States. Statlslcal tables prepared by Professor Bunte of Karlsruhe show that the con sumption of gas Is much larger In the United States than in cities of the same size in Germany. INNOCENT MEN SHOT ONE OF FOUR WHITES PROBABLY FATALLY. Result of a Drunken Fight, Started "by a Croird of Negroes Near t - : Kansas City. KANSAS CITY, Mo., April 21. Four Innocent white men were shot, one per hips fa'tally, a negro was shot and an other badly cut, the result of a drunken fight started by a crowd of negroes In Rosedale, Kan., a suburb of Kansas City, today.. WHJIam Blanchard received the' contents 0f a shotgun In the face and breast Jind was taken to- the hospital, where "his 'wounds are considered fatal. One ofiBlanchard's eyes was blown out, his face badly disfigured and a "big hole torn In his breast. J. W. Davis, Deputy Marshal, was shot in the hand; two other .white men, names unknown, were shot and wounded slightly, and. two negroes slightly wounded. LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE. Budget Announcement Failed to Cause Promised Activity. LONDON, April 21. With the exception of American securities, which continued to be buoyant, the promised increase of activity m the stock exchange on the an nouncement of the budget was mostly unrealized. The effect of the 'budget was largely discounted by careful operators. The c6al and sugar duties had been con sidered Inevitable, and brokers are thank ful that they are no worse. The only appreciable effect-of the announcement of the budget was that some operators sold consols down to 9454, which Is the lowest price since 1S91. This low price brought In a number of buyers, and there was consequently some recovery at a net loss of onys. The prospectus of the new loan Is ex pected la a day or, two. The price will probably be 93, with a discount. Some SDeCulatlVfi nOnrrnp.tc hava nll-ftair hnan made at premium, whatever the an nounced price may be. During the week home rails were down to 2 per cent, but dealings therein were limited. .. Foreign government bonds were moderately active, and there was some buying tor Continental account of Bra zilian bpr.ds. There is a renewed con version (Scheme on foot. Money during the past week was alto gether easier In tonp. On account of the large government disbursements, coupled with the gold receipts from the provinces and abroad, the reserve has risen to 23,750,000. The prospect of the new loan makes brokers cautious 'about lowering the discount rates. Money rates were lower during the past week by Vz per cent to 2& per cent at call,, and by 2 per cent at notice. Dull Week on the Berlin Boerse. BERLIN, April 21. The Berlin Boerse had a dull experience last week, the vol ume of transactions being light. The loan continues to be heavily sold, but the quotations show very slight variation. Much Interest was shown In American railway securities, German holders selling largely to American buyers. Domestic railways weakened upon the lower re ceipts. The comments of the domestic press up on the British, export due on coal con tinue lively, the general conclusion being that the duty will react harmfully upon England's coal to the advantage of the German and American trade. 'The Prussian railway authorities will order next month' 300 locomotives. The cost' of plate rollers has reduced- the price' to live -marks per ton for construction material. Forced auction sales of-the iron continue. J t The value of Germany's foreign trade, Including gold and sliver, as finally esti mated, is: Imports 6,012,000,000 marks, Increase 259,000,000: exports '5,765,000,000 marks, Increase 384,000.000; imports from United 'States, 1,020,000,000 marks, increase ,113,000,000; exports to United States 449, 000,000 marks; Increase 69,000,000. The Frankfurter Zeltung, commenting upon the purchase of the Chicago, Bur lington & Qulncy Railroad, in favorable terms, compares the transaction to the methods of Jay Gould and James Flak, and probably blames Mr. Hill, observing: "Mr. Hill Is responsible for purchasing the road at the present , inflated value ofthe'stock, because he controls 500.000 shares, which he and his allies bought Tip cheap, and are now selling to the Northern Pacific and Great Northern roads at an enormous profit to them selves, but to the disadvantage of the purchasing lines. Thebasls of exchange of the "Burlington stock for the Great Northern and" Northern Pacific bonds In volves a heavy overcapitalization of the former." DISCREDIT BLILZARD REPORT .Late Arrivals From Dawson Know Nothing of Great Loss o Life. VANCOUVER, B. C, April 21. The re-' ported blizzard at Nome, In hlch 200 miners are alleged to have perished, Is discredited by arrivals here from Dawson today on the steamer Victorian. The Skagway papers have further investlgaU ed the report, after receiving the first an nouncement, and telegrams . received at Skagway from Dawson state that Reed, who brought the story from Nome, tp Dawson, had probably been imposed upon. No confirmation of the story has been re ceived at Dawson or Skagway. Old-timers In the Yukon are anticipating a flood because of the unprecedented snowfall along the Yukon. A heavy fall 'of pnow, aggregating four feet, had been recorded a week ago. It Is stated that there Is now 15 feet of snow on the summit, and the "White Horse & Yukon Railway Company is preparing fcr possible trouble when the snow melts. Alexander Bruce, a Yukon cattleman, says that Dawson Is overstocked with supplies, There Is a sufficient stock of supplies stored at L-abarge awaiting trans portation to Dawson to maintain the peo ple In Dawson all Summer, and prices have dropped to a point which barely cov ers transporta'tlon expenses. Domestic and Foreign Ports. ASTORIA, April 21. Left up at 2:30 P. M. British steamer Indravelll. Arrived down at 4 P. M. British ship County of Pembroke. Reported" outside at 5 P. M. German ship Nereus, from Hong Kong. Condition of the bar at 5:15 P. M. Moder ate; wind south; weather cloudy. Hoqulam, "Wash. Sailed April--19 Schooner James A. Garfield, from Aber deen for San Francisco; schooner Jennie Stella, from Hoqulam for San Pedro. San Francisco, April 21. Arrived Steamer George P. Haller, from Bristol Bay; steamer Chllkat (new), from Pyra mid Harbor; steamer Umatilla, from Vic toria, etc.; bark Guy C. Goss, from Bristol Bay J steamer Santa Ana, from Seattle; steamer Jeanle, from 'Nome via Seattle; schooner Berwick, from Coqullle River. New York, April 21. Arrived IAquit aine, from Havre; Umbrla, from Liverpool 'and 3ueenstown; Statendam, from Rot terdam and Boulogne." Hoqulam. "Wash.. April 2L Arrived Schooner Azela, from San Pedro, for Aber deen; steamer Grace Dollar,- from San Francisco for Hoqulam. ' Liverpool, April 21. Sailed Devonla, for Boston. Queenstown, April 21. Arrived Servla, from New York for Liverpool, and pro ceeded. Sailed Lucanla, from Liverpool for New York. New York, April 22. Arrived Cymric, from Liverpool and Queenstown. t "Want Contract Investigated. LONDON. ADrll 22. It Is understood that Sir Alfred Hickman, ex-president of the British Iron Trade Association, and other representatives of the. Iron and steel trade of Great Britain, are endeavoring to secure, the appointment of a parlia mentary committee to investigate thecaT ryfng out of the contract for the manu facture In America, and the erection In Burmah,- of the Gokteik viaduct. Sir Al fred Hickman, who is a member of the council of the Iron and Steel Institute, Intends to call upon the government to prodtice all-adVerse reports by the In dian .government and, the Burmah' railway officials qn American-made locomotives supplied to the railroads. ADVERTISED. List. of Unclaimed Letters Remaining in ihe PostoQlce at Portland, Or. Fre dollvery of letters by carriers at the residence of owners may be secured by observ ing the following rules: Direct plainly to the street and number ot the house. Head letters with the writer's full address. Including street p.nd number, and request an swer to b'e directed accordingly. Letters to strangers or transient visitors in the clty. whose special address may be un known, should bo marked In the left-hand cor ner, 'Transient." This w-JH prevent their be Ini. 4.1!ver.4. to persons of the same or 'simi lar names. Persons calling for these letters will please state date on which they were "advertised. April, 22. They will be charged for at the rate of 1 cent each. WOMEN'S LIST. Abraham, "Miss Louisa Kooz, Mrs Alexander, Miss Edna-2Lampen, Mrs C J Albertson, Mrs WllilamLehman. Lena Anderson, Mrs M E Lennox. Miss Atkinson, Mrs Y R Loesel, Trixle Baker, Miss" Mabel McDowell, Josephine Bond. Miss Jessie McMeeken. Miss Boyce, Mrs Ada Maxwell. Ruth Brown, Mis i rankle Marck, Mrs I V Brown. Mrs Will Mathena. Katie Burragc. Mrs XV H Maer, Mrs A Carr," Mrs Frances Mills. Mrs I, at Clanahan, Mrs Emma Miller, Miss Ethelyn Coe, Miss BirdIc-2 Miller, Miss Rose Choate, Miss V E Morris, Miss Ida Connell, Mrs Nellie O Nelton. Mrs Frank Cpnnell. Caroline L Oliver, Millie Cox.MIss Helen TerrjO'Gara, Nellie Congdon. Mrs Josle-.t nnpnmnst Mm .T Courtney, Miss Laura Patterson, Miss A L ucLioge. -airs .ujrue Paul, Mrs Delia Dow, Mrs ols A 4 Pcn3ter. Mrs G A Drew, THIss Grace Pcbbler, "Mrs Frank Duttan, Miss Georgia Prentice. Helen H Dunnigan. Mrs Urace Queen, Merle Ewlng, :MIss Annie Kted, Mrs H S . Edwards, Mrs Edwin CRick Mrs- Ollle Egbqrt, Mrs L A Roper. Minnie M Emstrum. Mjra Rockwell, Miss Gract Eans. Mrs Margaret Robison. .Patricia Fcrdner. Mh?s Bessie Rjder. Mr3 L Flynn, -Mrs-E R Rhoads. Mrs Hiram Flowers. Miss-Lucy Saylor, Mr3 J P Fonto Miss Sadie Schaw. Lilly Fox. Mrs Harry Gaukel, Mrs Birdie Giftord, Miss Ida Golden, Miss Lizzie -Gross, Mrs Pauline Schmeltzer, Eflle Schneider, Mrs. E J Fchroeder. Mrs E Schull, Mrs. May Schuler, Mra Hamilton, Alice Slilbcula, Louise Hanchett. Miss Julia 3l;?nnri Mr Mlrmt Harris, Miss Amber Smith, Mips Mary Harris. Mrs Mamie Smith. Mrs A Harrison. Mrs M C Haywards, Mrs O A Smith. Mrs Chas Sturgeon, Sadie A iless, Mrs Emma Stlngley. Florence Hcndee, Mrs Maria -Sturgeons. Amelia HIgglns, Miss Lucy Stevens. Lilly Hopkins. Miss Grace Stevcn3. Mrs Geo C Hobbs, Mrs Maud Stewart, Etta Hoffman, Miss Daisy Strese, Mrs J Holger. Miss Christine Snell, Miss Fannie L Hussick, Miss Htlene Squires, Mrs Amelia Janzen, Mrs Mattle Sansont Kristlna Jamison. Mri E A Rhibodam, Louia Jacobs. Mrs Chas rhornwood. Graci-2 Jackson. Miss Anna Frhorgerson, Mrs B Johnson, Lucy A Thomas. Miss Louise Johnson, Mrs Sadie Thomson, Mrs F S Jones, Mrs Jane , Tjndale, Mrs T Jones, Mrs M S Vhitmarsh. Annie Jones, Mrs Robert E Vidcner. Etta Reading. Mrs Louise SVoodward. Mrs E W Klncald. Alice .V-ss, Mrs L Kremer, Miss., Maud MEA'S LIST. Anen, A D-2 Angel, Martin Anderson, Charles Anderson, A A Anderson, William Anderson, P Bank of Portland Beach, J C Beckett. F A Biles, Rev E E 31rdner, Albert Lcdlury, Joshua Learned, J C Leonard, G F Levett, H C Levert, Wm Lewis, Robert Liddy. J J Lledke, Gustav Llndholm, Karl F Liicc. James McQuesten, Don McCurdy, David McGregor, John McKenna, C C McLeod, Roderick Mabus. Walter Mack. Mr Mann, Walter Martin. Robt M Masemus, W V Maston, O P Master, P O Matson, Ralph Ma nard, John Merrill. C H Merrltt. H Michael, M Miller, Fritz Mller, P J Montgomery, C- F Moore, George Moreland. Wm G Morris, Harry O Morris, J H Newman. J E H North Star Chem Co Oakley, Geo W-2 Olsen, Osker Oram, George L Oregon Seed Store O'Btlne, Elmer Pacific Coast Messenger Pacific Battery Co Peery, R Howe PItchard. Dr H Pratt, John Portque, Porter Presnell. Frank L Pirlf. Malcolm J Quackenbush, J E Queen City Incubator Co . Eassman. Henry Riddle. Alex Richardson, Sam Rielly, Edward Robert. Henry C Rote, Charles Ruenky, B Sammons, W D Sqhenck, George Schmlt. H Scott. E Sejmour, DaUd Seaberg, Fred Shaer. George Shaw, Robert Shelton. J F Shlphcrd, E L Slbray, II G Slogan, John Smith. G H Smith, H W Smith. D K Smith. Frank C Smith. Mr and Mrs Damon Smith. J W Smith, Cnnt J L Smith. OHor Schllep. F Stevenson, George Stephenon, Roj N Story. Seth Taj lor, B H Thompson E H TIbbItt". J E Todd. C E Tompklnson. Jake Turner, Ilorace Urban, Carl Vanloon. R B Vhclenhart. W L Wagner. Paul BHnger, O BofCa, Mr Boorman, William. Borgcson, Carl Brundenberg; Wm Brown, Bert Bruce & Emmett-2 Buckler, Joseph A Burroughs, E C Burleigh, C R Beltel. E H Campbell, W J Carnella, W A Carroll, James R Carr, J W Chestnut, James Christian, C F Clark, Lee Clarke, George Cole, H B Collins, P Conkllng, Frank E Connor, J G Cook. I C Gumming, Piatt DeWelse, H Dohl. Mr Dono an, J D Donovan, T J Dugan, John Dunn, Frank Ehlert, C A Earon, Ben Edelman, Sol Edwards, Frank Ellis. James -Elliott. John Farr, Albert Fcssler, George Fitch, Oscar Fisher, F E Fisher, Charles H Foeschmen, J Ford, Robert "Fry. Joseph M Frahm, John Fredericks, W P Frldaker, J A Ganong. William G Gelelhous, Henrey Gllek, vFrank , Green, Lute Griffin, Dald A Goodnough, .Alfred Gundersen, A ' Hde & Manuel Haberstrop. Frank Haddis. Henry Haag, Julius Halzer. H Hall. M D Hamby, 'Lou Hand. A I Hanson, Helgen Hassey, E L Harrison. Charles Hepworth, J Helling. W L Hober, Walter Holman. A S Hucv. H L Hunter, Robt R -Hutten, A A IJlvld Chemical Co Jarrell, Alva Jeter. E E Jensen, Geo C .Tinnlnnr-s.. i J M Joy, Allan R Jones, J R Keeth, Mr Kllpatrlck. Irle King. -Wllllam-3 Klrkpatrlck, W M Koeber, Herman Korger. Bob Lax, Charles J Lay. David LaDann. Tony Large, Chas H Law, J J Ward. Dav WldPllvlk, Charley Williams C Williams. J Williams. O J Wilson.' F C Wilson. S T Worthlngton. W W PACKAGfa. Harding, Mrs Go A A. B. CROASMAN. P. M. Death Under Car "Wheels. SEATTLE, Wash., April 21. The man gled remains of J. A. Smith, a laborer, were found this morning on the tracks of the Seattle & International, about a half mile from his home In the suburbs ofthis city. The limbless trunk and the head were the only pieces which were of any size. Appearances point to the fact that Smith, who had been in the city, had attempted to board a train passing the spot about midnight,- and had fallen under the wheels. He leaves a wife and six children. Syndicate Mar Get Stncco Mills. . CHICAGO, April 21. The Tribune to morrow will say: "Consolidation of all the stucco mills, In the United States Is reported, on good authority, to, be the aim of a syndicate, of which the Standard OH Company con trols a large share. Options have been secured on a number of mills In Michigan, and on all the mills but one In Fort Dodge, la. Cincinnati Game Postponed. CINCINNATI, O.. April 21. The Cln- nlnnoHn' rrama lnHth "Plt-tshllriT WHS n09t- poned on account of rain. j DEMOCRATS AND TRUSTS PLAIN THIS ."WILL BE THEIR ISSUE UXTIL AFTER, 1004. If Unity ol Interests Means Kb More Panics, However, This Paramount ' Question Is Doomed. WASHINGTON, April 12. The Demo crats evidently Intend to make the trust Issue one of the features of every cam paign fought between now and 1904, and also the great Issue of that campaign. It remains to be seen whether the con servative Democrats of the East can pre vent a reaffirmation of the Chicago and Kansas City platforms In regard to free sliver and the attack upon the courts, and, even if so, no doubt the trust question Will be the dominant issue. Nearly every Democrat one meets these days falls to commit himself on Imperialism or Cuba. It wa3 only about six weeks ago that the Democrats In both houses of Congress made the welkin ring with denunciations of the Philippine legislation, the Increase of the regular Army to a maximum ot 100,000 and a minimum of '5S.000, and Insist ed that the Filipinos should be free. The developments In Cuba and the Phlltpplnesi coum not nave Dcen oetter u they had been planned and anticipated by the Re publicans to meet the legislation that was passed. As- the Filipinos are coming In and accepting American sovereignty, and as the men who have visited Cuba have ascertained definitely that the withdrawal of the American troops before the accept ance of the Piatt amendment would mean bloodshed and anarchy, there Is every rea son to believe that the Cuban and impe rialistic Issues cannot be made with any great success in coming campaigns. sy prominent Republican who has been Identified with several campaigns of late $MSG.4S6, while the net earnings, after was talking to The Oregonlan correspond- PaIn? nI1 expenses, are reported as 523, ent concerning the subject of trust He WO-472- The total capital Invested In Ca sald that the trust Issue would not cut ""lan roads at the present time Is 5008, any figure In, any campaign unless some- ' 2GS-4M.. " In roun(1 numbers. 5S4.0OO per thing should happen to give the Demo- I m"f ,.. . , crats an opportunity to ra.se the- calamity- ! The Canadian Pacific now operates 3623 cry. "If prosperity continues, if there are JT1105 of main line and 3.41 miles of branch no hard times If the trust- reduce in- ' 1Ines: the araml Trunk ha3 m "V1" stead of put up prices. If consumers are of ,m!?m "" ,n(1 2Z!? m,les, oC rnc benefited by trusts, and if the banks that a,ld the other Un"5 of Cann(Ja- a!tle from have been organized seem to tend toward the two KOVernnlc.nt llnes nu,ke up a a stability of business interest, and there 'j mttvage . .. . .. n is a lack of strife .-nrl a general nom- The ftP"n of the ma,n lln4 of Can' merclal development, then the trust !Suc I in- ?" s Quoted at B.W;J and will dlshiwoar as effeetlvrfv n - tw i of th branches. ?96,6.fi.1l. That of the lscr rvhini, h rw .... ' , T the-nast" M hV " Now, he has an Idea that the trusts are going to accomp'Ish considerable good. -instead or curtailing the output of steel, he said the steel combine was going to In crease the output, which would make em ployment more steady and mean a great deal of businesv. One of the plans being prepared Is for the erection of steel dwell lngsand steel tenement-houses and steel business blocks. It Is proposed to employ draugh'smen r.nJ rrc'i"te;ts, together w-ih men having a knowledge of contracts, who will prepare plans for smaller tenement-houses to be erected almost wholly of steel. The Idea Is to send by ship from Pittsburg to Kansas,, for example, a steel house, packed, which can be ypccdlly erected, veneered with brick on the out side, and upon what Is known as wire lathing be plastered on the Inside, and a dwelling made which Is more stable than any frame structure. It Is proposed to erect such houses at a cost below that of lumber dwellings. The smaller, or even larger, tenement-houses are to be erected In much the same way. The plans were drawn with a great deal of care, so as to secure the best results. It Is thought that when this branch of the steel business finally gets In operation It will double the output of, steel all over the country. Purchasers will be benefited as well as the worklngmen. This was jus.t one Instance which this prominent Republican quoted as showing that the great trusts were not to figure so largely in polltlcs-as the Democratic party anticipates. He acknowledged how ever, that hard times and tightness of money, loss of crops and; calamity gen erally would give the Democrats a show. The calamity cry then would be raised with a great deal of vigor and Republi can legislation pointed to as vicious, and the cause of all the troubles. Rather an Interesting part of this ques tion of calamity Is brought, out In the discussion of these same trusts. Ir Is as serted that a unity of Interests of the railroads, of the steel and other great manufacturing concerns, will result In preventing panics In the future It Is as serted that the money market of the United States. Is connected so closely with the railroads and the producing Interests and other great trusts that the mutual In terests of owners and men who control railroads, manufactories and banking In terests are such as to avoid In the future any great panic such as was experienced In 1S93. It this Is true, the calamity cry could not be raised except In. the case ot crop failures. And It the good features of the trusts predicted by this, same pessi mistic Republican should turn out to be true, the Democrats will find themselves without much ot an Issue In the coming campaign. WHEAT CROP OF XAST YEAR Kannns Is Credited With the Largest Prodnqtlon. WASHINGTON. April 16. The recent is sue of the Crop Reporter contains some rather Interesting data concerning the wheat crop of 1900. as apportioned among the several states, with similar data rel ative to the corn and oat crop3 for the same year. The report shows that the wheat crop of 1900 amounted to 522 220,503 bushels, the oat crop. Sf9.125,980 bushels, and the corn crop 2,105,1'J2,516 bushels. In last years production Kansas was the first wheat-producing state, her crop amounting to S2.4SS,6o5 bushels, while Min nesota, with 51.C03.252 bushels, took second place. The other lending states, with their wheat product, took rank In the following order: California, 28,543,628 bushels, third; Washington, 2j.0D6.C61 bush els, fourth; Nebraska, 2l.149.6S4 bushels; fifth; Texas, 23,395,013 bushels, sixth; Iowa, 21,798,223 bushels, seventh; Pennsylvania, 20.2S1.334 bushels, eighth; South Dakota. 20.149.684 bushels, ninth; Missouri, 18,846,713 bushels, tenth; Oklahoma. 18,657,373 bush els, eleventh: Illinois, 17,082,063 bushels, twelfth; Oregon. 16.193,012 bushels, thir teenth, and so on, Idaho occupying 29th place with 3,104,629 bushels. Another Interesting table shows the ag gregate wheat output for the past ten X.ears. According to this table, the crop of 1898 was greatly In excess of that of any other year In the past decade, when the aggregate reached 675,14S,705 bushels. The second ranking year was 1891, when the output was 611.780,000 bushels. The crop of 1900 was of a comparatively high average, although not up to that of 1893, which was 547.303,846 bushels. The low water mark, as well remembered, was In 1893, when the total output of the en tire country was but 396,132,000 bushels. While Kansas Is the leading state in wheat product, Iowa takes first place In the production of corn, her crop for 1900 aggregating 305,859,943 busnels. with Illi nois second In line, her product being 264,176226 bushels. In turn Illinois takes first place In the production of oats, her output for the past year being 133,642,884 bushels. Iowa is the only state coming anywhere near that product, with 130.572, 13S bushels. Wisconsin was the third oat-produclng state, having in 1900 but 61,971,352 bushels. On the Pacific Coast. Oregon In 1900 pro duced 317,147 bushels of corn, and 3,282,770 bushels of oats; Washington. 106,140 bush els ot corn, and 3,016,226 bushels of oats, and Idaho, with practically no corn prod uct, produced 1,349,845 bushels of oats. Judge Scott, of Mnrlon, Abont "Well. SALEM, Or.. April 21.County Judge Scott, who has been absent from his of- flee for three months on account of ill ness, has so far Tecovered that he will return to his duties next week. He will find a vast amount of probate work awaiting- him, as nothing has been done in the Probate Court during: nis absence. RAILWAYS OF CANADA. Government Owns 1542 Miles; Pri vate Owners, 17,824 Miles. WASHINGTON, April 14. A recent re port on the railways of Canada by Con-suI-General John L. Mlttlnger, of Mon treal, contains many facts and state ments that are of more than passing In terest. According to his report, the Do minion, June 30. 1300. had 17.S34 miles of railway in the hands of 86 companies, not Including two lines operated by the Canadian Government, the Intercolonial. 1332 miles long, and the Prince Eda nl Island, 210 miles long. The construction of Canadian roads began in 1836, when there were 16 miles In operation. There was no Increase until 1S-17. when 38 miles were added. In the following decade the Grand Trunk line was conceived and built, and In I860 2065 miles of road were in operation. About 1S70 there was a wide spread agitation as to the gauge to be adopted, as well as the subsidy question. As an outcome, the standard gauge was finally adopted on most of the roads. A general Interest was at that time awakened In railway matters, and be tween 1S70 and 1SS0 4241 miles were added to the system. The nest decade saw the Canadian Pacific syndicate born and the transcontinental line finished, and Ik all 6293 miles of new railway built. Between 1S90 and 1900 4306 miles more were built, making a total of 17.657. During the past fiscal year the Canadian lines carried, all told. 21."0,17o pasengers, only seven of whom were killed, and 36, 946.1S3 tons of freight. The earnings of the roads during the year were $70,740,270. J an Increase over the preceding year of i min line of the Grand Trunk Is 523o,- 12L and its branches, S45.lf54.427. The Canadian Government has so far expended $151,161 423 on its various railroad systems, since the dnte at confederation. July 1. 1S67. In addlt'on there has been an expenditure for working expenses of $S1.CD1.427. covering the maintenance and operation of thp t"-o government roads, or a total of $232.552.Si)5. The revenue de rived from the government roods during i the same period amounts to 573,225,382. When Don Pedro Lent Hit lint. Gentleman's Magazine. Great efforts were made In the 17th century to protect the honor and dlgntty of foreign Ambassadors In England. A proclamation was Issued In 1621 by the King and Lord Mayor to prevent any one offering affronts, by gesture or word, o any foreign representative. The London mob were not disposed to deal gently with foreigners, and an unpopular Ambassador ran som? risk of personal violence. Thera was a certain Don Pedro de Zunlgi. whcee presence was particularly unwel come. He was driving In his qoach drawn by elx mules through Holborn one day. when his hat, which had a valuable Jewel In It, was snatched from his head by a man on horseback. The crowd laughed and cueered and allowed the thief to ride away. St. Lout Won From Chicago. ST. LOUIS. April 21. St. Louift won from Chicago with comparative ease. Donavan's men managed to stretch every safe hit Into a tally, and touched Menefee up for quite a number in three different Innings. Attendance. 11,000. Score: R. H. EJ R. H. E. St. Louis.. 12 12 lChlcago ... 3 0 2 Batteries Sudhoft and Nlcholls; Mene fee and Chance. Umpire Emslle. It's a mistake to go on losing appetite and strength. Hood's Sarparlllu cor rects It. DAILY METEOROLOGICAL REPORT. POUTLAXD. April 21. 8 P. M. Maximum temperature. 57; minimum, temperature. i.I, rier reading at 11 A. M.. 7 2 teel. channs In 21 hour", .1; total preolpltatlon. 8 P M. to 8 r. M.. tnci'. total precipitation Hn'e September 1, 1000. 37 bo Inches, not mat pre cipitation Mnce September 1. 1000. 10 C3, de ficiency, 2.78; total Bunah'ne April 20, 2 50; possible- sunshine, 1.1:43. PACIFIC CCAST WEATHER. ; 1 S U'luil. . JJ a 'mm o ' jj X ,:i5" mm -'" STATIONS. I ;i H Or 111? Astoria 50 0rtlia SW.Cloudy Baksr City ."4it.Cii o d CUtar Bismarck holO.Ott .T -VWPt cloudy Bob 10. u) N fClear Eureka .....I521U.UU 0 NU.Clear Helena ..'.'. .'fiS-tifl OOP TV Clear Kamloops. E. C oZ T.-1 S Ft, cloudy Neah Bay fS 0 tl2 8 SU'lWalnlnB Pocatello i3St00 XV -Clear Portland 3'I T 12 (SW.Pt cloudy Red lHuft 174 0.00 NEiC'lear Roeburs J.V 0 00 X Clear Sacramento OS O 00 IN" Clear Salt Lake City tW 0 00 III JNW Clear San Francisco M P.OO.Hi iw (Clear Spokane 34 0 00 14 ,SV,Pt cloudy Seattle 54 0.04 10 I W Cloudy Walta "Walla 2 0 00 J? Clear AVEATHER CONDITIONS. Except a few small ihowen. no rain has fallen west of the Rocky Mountains durlns the last 24 hours. It la much cooler alonff the cast slope of the northern portion of the Rocky Mountains, while to the west ot this ranse temperatures slightly above normal generally prevail. Severe frosts occurred in Eastern Oreson and Southern Idaho Sunday mornlns- The Indications are for partly cloudy and showery weather Monday In "Western "Washington and Northwestern Oregon, and fair weather ea3t of the Cascade Mountains, with frosts in early morning. WEATHER FORECASTS. "' Forecasts made at Portland for the 23 hours ending mldnlsht. Monday. April 22. 1801: Portland and vicinity Partly cloudy, with occasional light showers: southerly winds. . Western Oregon Partly cloudy, with show ers north portion: westerly winds. Western Washington Showers; southwesterly v, Inds. Eastern Oregon and Southern Idaho Fair, with frost In early morning; northwesterly winds. Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho Fair, with probably frost In early morning; light, variable winds. EDWARD A BEALS Forecast Official. NEW TODAY. WILL BUY Oak and ash timber standing, any quantity. R. M. WILBUR. 2SJ Stark st. Williams-Avenue Addition Being part of the Hogue and Catlln tract, and within four blocks of the business center of Alblna, le now offered for sale at low prices. The extension ot the Williams-avenue car line, now under construction, passes along the entire front of this property. A complete abstract or policy of title Insurance furnished each purchaser free. For plats, prices and terms apply to Pacific Coast Abstract Guaranty STrust Co. Rooms 204-5-0-7 Falling building. M. E. Thompson, 264 Stark St. C-K. Henry, 273 Stark St. rr