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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 7, 1901)
T17E MORXIXO OREGONIAN, THT7"RSDAY. MAftCH 7, 1901. te rgoroem Entered at the Postofflce at Portland. Oregon, as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Booms ICO Business Office... OCT REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid). In Advance . Daily, with Sunday, per month .....$ S3 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year T 50 Dally, with Sunday, per year 9 00 Sunday, per year 2 0y The Weekly, per year 1 30 The Weekly, a months 50 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted.ISc Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to1 16-page paper le J6 to 32-page paper 2c Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to advertis ing, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply 'The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or etories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to it without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, office at 1111 Pacific avenue. Tacoma. Box 053, Tacoma Postofllce. Eastern Business Offlce 17. 48. 49 and 59 Tribune building. New York City; 409 "The Rookery." Chicago; the S. C Beckwith special agency. Eastern representative. For sale in San Francisco by J. K. Cooper. 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel: Gold smith Bros.. 230 Sutter street: F. W. Pitts. 100S Market street: Foster & Orear, Ferry new stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 259 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 100 Bo. Spring street. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street For sale In Omaha by H. C. Shears. 103 K. Sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros.. 1012 Farnam street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 TV. Second South street. For ale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co., 315 Royal street. On file In "Washington. D. a. with A. W. Dunn. 500 14th N. W. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Xendrlck. 000-012 Seventh street. TODAY'S WEATHER.-Cloudy and threat ening, with rain; southerly winds. PORTLAND, THURSDAY, MARCH 7. Congress has left the Cuban matter in a fairly satisfactory condition. It has expressed its will as to what Cuba chonld do, without putting: it in the form of an offensive demand. If Cuba ohall comply, there will be smooth sail ing to the independence It has so long: fought and bled and waited for. If It shall not comply, no offense need be taken. The matter will then be left to future action. Cuba will, it is true, be held under the present military rule until Congress shall act, certainly not "before next December, unless some emergency arise requiring an extra ses sion. The United States has been firm but not at all offensive In its recent dealing with Cuba, and it Is wise that the case is left with the people of the island to think over and leisurelv come to their conclusion. If Congress were- in session, the Cubans might be in clined to take offense at the slowness of its action. Now, before it could. If It should choose, demand stricter compli ance with the letter of our hasty prom ise In 1898, sober second thought will have had a chance to exert its influ ence. It is now "up to" the Cubans, and they have no chance for choleric haste. It is only a question of time when the United States Senate will be compelled to adopt rules that will enable it to do business. Dignity and decorum, the privilege of debate and the duty to de liberate, are to be respected and pro tected, of course; but this is not the chief purpose or office of the United States Senate. Reasonable bounds must be set where pompous dignity must yield to the demands of public business. It is surely as important that the ma jority shall rule as that there shall be freedom of debate and deliberation. And when debate by courtesy goes to the extreme of defeating the will of the majority, it is clearly out of place and Incompatible with our institutions. Each successive abuse hastens the doom of the obnoxious practice. No body would restrict the field or oppor tunity for legitimate discussion in the highest legislative body of the land but there come times when action, not talk, is demanded. Instead of conserv ing the dignity of the body, such per formances as Senator Carter was guilty of Monday tend to make It a mockery. The House of Representatives was obliged to adopt closure several years ago, and it has certainly not suffered by reason of it. European legislative bodies have been forced to adopt the same expedient in order that the ma jority may transact business, a great row having taken place in the House of Commons Tuesday over the enforce ment of such rule. Disgraceful as that was, the performance of Carter and others who have preceded him with similar tactics cannot be said to be -much better. In both cases it was ob struction to the action of the majority Rules that permit such tactics to suc ceed must go. They are already out of date. The trial of Samuel Moser in Pekin, 111., for the murder of his wife and five children, has ended in his conviction and sentence to the Joliet Penitentiary for a term of twenty-one years. The trial brought out many of the peculiari ties of the Amlsh religion, which has a veritable stronghold In Tazewell, Mc Lean and Peoria Counties, of that state. Among other things, it showed that a man is Withheld by that belief from giving any assistance or comfort whatever to another who has commit ted a crime, even though the criminal is his own father, son or brother. The court ruled out all of the evideifce pos sible that might lead to the censure of these strange people for or through their religion, but the questions of the State's Attorney, which the stolid, im passive father, brother and other rela tives of the prisoner were not allowed to answer were a revelation of practices and tenets under the name of religion and religious duty that marked these people as strangely out of place in a free country. It is a common remark among the relatively few old settlers of certain rural districts of Northern Illinois that "the Amish have taken the country." Their large farms, upon which women perform much of the field labor; their peculiar mode of dress; their clannishness and their great barns of churches, with kitchens and sheds for stabling and feeding their horses attached, are In evidence over a wide section of the state. They are generally a law-abiding but an utterly non-progressive people, resist all at tempts to Americanize their children by sending them to English schools, and, though enjoying the protection of our Institutions, are aliens and seem determined to remain so. This mur derer, Samuel Moser, was a fanatic in his religion, yet at times chafed against Its iron bonds. He could give no rea son for his deed beyond the statement that he thought his family would be "better off." Escaping, he wandered through the farther West, coming to this state among others, and negotiat ing, in a haphazard way, for several farms near Cornelius, in "Washington County. Why he should have escaped the halter, his crime being clearly proven, is one of the mysteries of judi cial proceedings in such cases. Twenty-one years in the Penitentiary is a long term, but In this instance it is only 3 years for each murder commit ted. The deed and trial have excited great aversion to the Amish in Tazewell County, but this these people, with something akin to Boer stolidity, view with perfect unconcern. THE "TARRIER" TWISTS THE LION'S TAIL. The disgraceful scenes of violence and disorder which disfigured the session of the British House of Commons on Tuesday have never been equaled In extent in the history of the English Parliament. It Is true that Mr. Brad laugh, the famous agnostic, resisted the speaker's order to withdraw', and was removed only after a violent struggle ny the police; It is true that the famous English naval hero. Lord Dundonald, resisted the speaker's order to with draw and made a terrible fight when the officers of the law forced him out of Parliament: it is true that such scenes are common in the Austrian Reichsrath, but they are unusual In the annals of the English Parliament. There were similar but not Identical scenes during Parnell's leadership of the Irish home rule party, for the re sistance was not so violent and obsti nate and did not reach the extreme of a bitter physical struggle with the of ficers of the law. The closure applied by Mr. Balfour, which called forth all this disturbance, Is equivalent to putting a stop to fur ther debate by putting the previous question. The closure was first adopt ed In November, 1882, and was intro duced by Gladstone to prevent dilatory or obstructive motions or discussions on part of the minority, the speaker being empowered under it ;to close the debate. The rules were further modified in be half of the majority In 18S7. This re form became necessary to enable the House of Commons to do business. Mr. Parnell, up to the adoption of the clos ure, had been able by filibustering tac-. tics to block any movement on the part of the wheels of legislation. The same condition of affairs prevailed in our House of Representatives until its rules were radically reformed through the persuasion of Speaker Thomas B. Reed. The lack of an effective closure of this sort is felt in the United States Senate, under whose rules Pettlgrew, Allen and Teller were able to filibuster the whole session and ruinously delay the enactment of Important legislation. Mr. Balfour enforced this valuable rule of. closure upon the debate In order to expedite business, knowing that fur ther discussion would be employed by the Irish members in the utterance of Invective and Insult upon the majority. Refusal to obey the order of the speaker resulted in suspension; refusal to obey the order for withdrawal was followed by forcible removal and a free fight. It is clear that all this wretched per formance of the Irish members Is due to a deliberate determination on their part to be as turbulent as possible henceforth on the floor of Parliament. It was only last week that an Irish member addressed the House in Irish and was silenced by the speaker for his silly Insolence. It was only a year ago that "Tim" Healy made a brutal speech, deriding the English arms for their reverses before Ladysmith and Colenso. The Irish home rule party has been without a leader of brains since the death of Parnell, and even In Parnell's day "Tim" Healy was a thorn in his side and exulted in his downfall. Parnell was practical; he did not make racket In Parliament for mere racket's sake; he did not precipitate scenes of personal violence and disorder for riot's sake. This latter-day home rule party Is the mere rump of the home rule party of Parnell and Gladstone's day. The death of Parnell, the retirement of Jus tin McCarthy, has left no statesman behind them fit to take up their work. The cries Of these scrappers on the floor of Parliament of "God save Ire land" are timely; God will have to save Ireland If Its salvation depends upon the present home rule party, who seem to be heirs to the fame of certain Irish politicians of the last century, described by a contemporary Irish satirist as Fighting like devils for conciliation, Hating each other for the love of God. For this type of Irish agitator It is always "a great day for Ireland" when the Irish "tarrler" can twist the tail of the British lion. DANGER TO "WASHINGTON SCHOOLS. The State of Washington threatens to take a step that is full of danger to Its common schools by enacting a law for the adoption of text-books by counties instead of by the state. This would mean county uniformity Instead of state uniformity. The apparent purpose Is to avoid the abuses or mistakes that have brought the present method of state selection under severe criticism and into more or less disrepute. Whatever is to be said against state selection as practiced in Washington, there is hardly room to doubt that state uniformity is preferable in the matter of schoolbooks. Even if nothing were to be sacrificed in the merit of the books, state uniformity would be best Selection of schoolbooks by county authorities would be open to at least as great abuses as have been ex perienced In the state selections, upon the business side of the question alone, and one need not have much respect for the merit of the schoolbooks now In use In the state to recognize the cer tainty of deterioration under the county plan, if It shall be adopted. A few of the more Important counties of the state say King, Pierce, Spokane, Walla Walla and Whatcom would be likely to get fair results under the new system. In most of the other counties indifference or incompetence, or both, would mark the selections, and the schools would bp practically at the mercy of schoolbook agents. Competi tion among publishers cannot be relied upon to insure a good selection. It has been known to dwindle to a palpa ble pretense. Those intrusted with the Important function of choosing books for the public schools should -be per sons of attainments and exrjerlence. and such are not always available for dlsln-M terested service in sparsely settled counties. The same talent, the same examina tion that would be required for one se lection for the whole state woqlcl be required in each county. It. Is not a question to be settled by popular vote, any more than the qualifications of a physician or an attorney are to be thus determined. Common consent of the incompetent is not sufficient. A meas urable degree of technical knowledge is necessary to a safe judgment of the merits of common-school text-books', and with this should be joined business acumen, honesty, common sense, a wholesome interest in public education. Are the counties separately likely to get better service of this kind than the state? And if they were, would not the waste of labor be excessive? Another fact bearing on this matter is that the state organization rather than the county organization is the log ical head of t)ur public" school system, and It Is desirable on many grounds that there be uniformity throughout the state- If the system starts with the district school and ends with the State University, it is manifestly illog ical and unwise to break up uniformity in text-books or in courses of study. State selection Is much to be preferred. This, of course, is entirely aside from the merit or demerit of the books now in use In Washington, and regardless of the men now in offlce. The bill now In the Legislature does not propose to interfere with present contracts, and an election would take place before an other selection would be made by the state In any event. A DRAMATIC CONTRAST IN TEM PER AM ENT. The character of "Richard in," ex hibited upon the theatric stage this evening. Is noteworthy as an illustra tion of Shakespeare's extraordinary versatility as an artist. His notable men or women, whether good or evil, are never identical In shape and temper, however they may be Instinct with the same purpose. To Illustrate: Richard and Macbeth are both usurpers, both hardy, gallant warriors, both cold blooded murderers; both have the same ambition; their hands are blackened by the same crimes, and both fight to the last, dying mute, like a wolf amid the mangled hounds. Here Is consid erable superficial resemblance in cir cumstances, and yet no two men were more antagonistic In natural tempera ment than Richard and Macbeth. Richard Is not, like Macbeth, a gallant man gone wrong, a man capable of re morse for a crime to the point of lapsed sanity; but is a constitutional villain in carnate; from the cradle a creature born with a moral vacancy. He is born with teeth; he is a grim creature in boyhood; his own mother shudders when his shadow crosses her path; no woman love3 him; he loves nobody; he is an intellectual monster, a terror, be cause he Is without pity or fear or con science, a formidable soldier and a subtle statesman of Satanic depravity. Richard Is cool, courageous, resolute, tenacious, artful, cynical, introspective, a self-communing villain, a deliberate, relentless, cruel miscreant who joins battle at Bosworth crying: Let'Pt to It pell-mell: If not to heaven, then hand In hand to hell. That Is Richard from the cradle tQ the grave; he is an Ingrained villain' from the ground up; he is not a demor alized man; for he never had any moral sense; he Is a human tiger, untamable, treacherous, fierce and terrible to the last. Richard never sees any ghosts in his waking moments: never feels any remorse or sorrow for anything his fell hand has wrought;, has no regret for anything save failure. Now look at Macbeth; a man whose roll of crimes and murders is quite as long and terri ble as that of Richard, and yet the poet clearly means to present him as a good man gone wrong; as a man fitted by nature and temper for nobler things and a better fate than that of a des perate usurper and murderer circum vented at last and baited to death by his victorious enemies. Macbeth has earned the confidence of his King by his valor; his poetic Imagination and language clearly show that he had an ardent, emotional nature; his language to his wife and hers to him show that he was naturally affectionate; he is su perstitious, which Richard never is; he Is so remorseful that In his hypochon dria he sees ghosts which even his wife of equally guilty knowledge does not see; Macbeth is clearly the good man gone wrong In distinction from Richard, who never went wrong be cause he was born a devil incarnate, while Macbeth Is, like Miltpn's Satan, a fallen angel. A lapse from sanity under the stress of remorse or dread .responsibility Is not out of character with Macbeth, but to represent Richard as of insane vision through remorseful sensibility to sin or crime would have been a dramatic blunder. The loss of a crown might have made Richard melancholy; the memory of a murder never. The pres ence of a highly poetic imagination in Macbeth; the utter absence of it in Richard illustrates the antagonistic temperament of these two great vil lains; Richard is a villain by birthright and birthmark, while Macbeth surren dered to wicked ambition noble parts that were meant for better things and for many years had been devoted to up right purposes. When Macbeth, chided by his wife as cowardly, answers: I dare do all that may become a man. Who dares do more Is none. He Is clearly a man who was born with moral sense and perception of moral honor; he was clearly a man nat urally of good stuff. Of course, when he once cuts loose from his moral moor ings and murders the King, then he has burned all his bridges and his ships behind him, and from this time for ward he Is as desperate and pitiless a villain as Richard, and to the last there are flashes of his old finer spirit when he laments that he must not look to have That which should accompany old age. As honor, love, obedience, troops of friends. No such regret appears in Richard's last hours of active life; he Is an Im perturbable cynic and inflexible villain to the last, saying: Conscience Is but a word that cowards ue. Devised at first to keep the strong in awe. Richard Is the most utterly remorse less villain In Shakespeare, save Iago; Macbeth, Edmund In "King Lear," and the King In "Hamlet," are all great villains who show capacity for remorse, but Richard, from the cradle to the grave, has a heart of Ice joined to a merciless iron hand. He is neither afraid nor ashamed to He and murder In order to steal a crown; he is not afraid or ashamed to He and murder in order to keep the crown, and without a prayer or a tear or a cheer to comfort him, he fights to the last and dies he roically for what he has so wickedly won. Rumors of railroad consolidation in volving the Burlington system should be taken with evert more than the usual allowance. The Burlington occupies a peculiar position in the railroad world. It Is not beholden to the great financial houses that take so important a part In the control of the other great rail road systems of the country. It is capitalized and bonded at low fig ures, Is self-financed, and Is owned by independent Interests. Nearly 1600 miles, or 20 per cent of the mile age of the system, Is entirely free of bonds. A large part of the Burlington stock is owned by the people of the country in which It does business, and is regarded as family treasure to be handed down from generation to gener ation. It is like the stock of the Balti more & Ohio in the days of the elder Garrett. The road operates in a rich country, has careful and able manage ment, and holds its" course in Industrial affairs. There is no doubt J;hat each of several of the great railroad combina tions could use the Burlington to ad vantage, but the peculiarly independent position of the property argues against the consummation of any arrangement that will destroy Its identity or inter fere with Its freedom. President McKinle,y showed tact and good sense In his settlement of the question of place for the G. A. R. "Vet erans In the inaugural parade. At the President's suggestion the G. A. R. served as his own special guard of honor. It is probable that President McKInley is the last President with a Civil War record, and It is not likely that the G. A. R. in any great numbers will parade on Inauguration day here after. General D. E. Sickles, who headed the G. A. R. escort on horse back, is nearly 80 years old. Generals Franklin, Porter, Wilcox and William F Smith, of the Army of the Potomac, are between 75 and SO years of age. Gen eral G. W. Getty Is about 81; Generals Howard, McCook, Schofield and Stanley are upwards of 70 years of age. The marching days of Union veterans are nearly over. In his study of natural history Sen ator Williamson has reached an Im portant conclusion which he thus set forth before the Woolgrowers Associ ation at Pendleton: The coyote is of a migratory nature, and any locality desiring to rid itself of the pests is compelled to pay for the destruction of all the coyotes produced by Us neighboring communi ties Now, for "locality" and "community" read "state," and a reason for much of the opposition to the coyote bounty in Oregon will be apparent. As the pest is cleaned out of Oregon this state be comes a more attractive feeding-ground for "varmints" that are natives of other states, and they rush in to fill the va cancy which our liberal bounty tends to create. This nice adjustment gives lively circulation to both coyotes and cash. In the removal of Rev. J. E. Snyder to Brownsville it is possible that the work he has inaugurated in the White chapel district of this city will lose something of its energy and distinct iveness. This, if It prove true, will be a matter of regret to all good citizens, who are pleased to recognize the value of Mr. Snyder's service in the cause of decency and morality In that por tion of Portland. The peace,-quietude and congeniality of the work to which he returns In Brownsville, one of the .most attractive communities of the state, were no doubt inviting by com parison with conditions under which Mr. Snyder worked here, and it Is not a matter of surprise that he decided to return to his former charge. "The Evening Lights," or "Henry Ites," in Maryland regard physicians as the earthly emissaries and chosen coadjutors of the Prince of Darkness, to whom alone Is due all the ills that flesh Is heir to, It being the province of the Lord alone, say the "Henryites," to cure; and they direct the attention of physicians to the second book of Chronicles, wherein Is recorded the fate of King Asa of Judah, who, troubled with a disease In his feet, sought not the Lord, but physicians, and whose Immediate fate was that he "slept with his fathers." Charles de Rouvel, the well-known French novelist, has obtained a divorce from his wife, the complaint being that she smoked "a vicious, bulldog, brier pipe." It Is painful to think of the matrimonial disruptions that would take place in this country were the sensibilities of American women as delicate and the sympathy of American Judges as pronounced In this matter as were those of Rouvel and the French Judge who granted this di vorce. A disposition to get rid of one of the causes of Irritation was manifested at the annual election of the Columbia Southern. Now let the disagreeing fac tors get together, patch up their differ ences and go ahead with that promising railroad enterprise. There is. no call for destructive warfare; It Is harmful to all Interests, and can and ought to be ended. To get this railroad out of the courts will serve the best Interests of both litigants and the state. General Ballington Booth, who will speak this evening In Taylor-Street Church, Is a conspicuous representative, as he was, indeed, the originator of Americanized Salvation Army methods. Earnest, sincere, persuasive, General Ballington Booth, like others of his noted family, commands a respectful hearing wherever he goes. If Patriot Melklejohn should fall to be elected Senator from Nebraska, both he and Patriot Sanger, of New York, could appreciate how certain estimable citizens of Portland felt when the Gov ernor vetoed the charter. That Portland charter could hardly have caused more discussion if t,he Governor had signed It What differ ence does it make at this day what It contained or did not contain? We suggest that hereafter obstruc tive speeches in the United States Senate be limited to 10 hours. Thir teen hours is too long. Mrs. Nation is likened to John Brown. But that is not a compliment either to her wisdom or her sanity, SALES LOWER ABROAD. New York Evening Post. Congressman Babcock, of Wisconsin, has Introduced a bill to repeal all duties on iron and steel and their products ex cept a few specialties of a highly fin ished , character. Mr. Babcock is chair man of the Republican Congressional Committee and a member of the com mittee of ways and means. He has been moved to take this step by the proposed steel combination of which the newspapers have been full during the past week or two, and which is now evi dently approaching completion. Mr. Babcock Is quoted in a newspaper inter view as saying that he believes that this Is the only relief Congress can give to consumers from the exactions of the combination, that he has consulted a great many members of Congress In ref erence to his bill, that they have all agreed with him, and that he believes it will receive the support of nine-tenths of the members of the House. He does not expect it to pass at this session, however, the remaining time being so short. He adds: My bill does not touch raw iron ore, nor does it touch manufactured goods in which the labor is the greater part of the product. It take the duty off items In schedule C of the Dlngley tariff act, such as structural iron, steel billets, steel rails and wire rods. The tariffs on most of these articles have been changed from time to time to foster and build up Infant industries. These infant industries have become now one of the most colossal combinations in the country. This legislation Is directly in line with Republican efforts to .control trusts at the last session of Congress, and has the indorsement of members of the National Republican Committee. Question may be raised as to the de tails of Mr. Babcock's bill, esoeclariv the clause omitting Iron ore. It is not likely that Congress will pass, or the country sanction, a measure which puts a duty on the raw material of an in dustry while admitting the finished product freer That Is a side issue, how ever. It Is a matter of immense signifi cance that an attack upon the tariff has started In an influential Republican quarter. Here we may hopefully look for relief from the more than medieval policy embodied in the Dlngley act. Nor could we expect real relief from any other quarter. The Democrats are too much disorganized by differences on the money question, on Bryanism and Popu lism, to make any effective movement for tariff reform. But when the Re publicans make such a movement it will be Irresistible. The combinations will not be able to make any effective oppo sition to the Babcock bill, and if this one passes, others will follow until every monopolized article is placed on the free list. How much effect this movement may have on the prices of the articles in the domestic market can be learned only by experiment. The steel combine, and all the rest of them, will charge the highest prices they can get, both at home and abroad. This is the law of trade. They habitually sell at lower rates In Europe than in America, being en abled to do so by the tariff. It is no new phenomenon. It was done by the producers of copper 30 years ago, and the tariff was arranged with full knowledge that they might do so. That system must come to an end, and the end will 'come soon if Chairman Babcock Is In earnest in pushing his bill, and we have no doubt that he Is. The need of any protective duties on Iron and steel passed away long ago. Fresh evidence is found in the newspapers today which tell of a contract for steel bridges for the Uganda Railway, East Africa, taken by the Am erican Bridge Company (another combina tion) at 10 6s per ton, the lowest English bid being 15 5s. INAUGURATION WEATHER. Record Shown More Pleatmnt Days Tlinn Stormy One. Washington special to Chicago Record. There have been 2S inauguration days. Thirteen were pleasant, 12 were stormy and there is no record of the weather on the other three days. Most of the pleas ant inauguration days occurred during the earlier history of the Republic. Of the last 15 inaugurations, 11 were stormy and only four were pleasant. An examination of the newspaper reports from Washing ton to McKinley shows the following: Washington At the City of New York, April 30. 1789. A beautiful Spring day. Washington March 4, 1703, at Philadelphia. No mention Is made of the weather In the newspaper reports, but the Inference Is that It was pleasant, as great crowds were upon the streets enjoying the event. John Adams March 4. 170T. at Philadelphia, No reference to the weather In any of the newspapers. Jefferson At Washington, March 4, 1801. "The sun shone brightly throughout the day." Jefferson March 4, 1S05. Cold, rain and snow; very disagreeable weather. Madison March 4. 1809. A beautiful day. Madison March 4, 1S13. "A perfect Spring day; the sun shone bright." Monroe March 4. 1817. "A radiant and de lightful day." Monroe March 5. 1821. "The day was dis agreeable, snow and rain having fallen." John Qulncy Adams March 4, lt25. "The weather waa good." Jackson March 4, 1829. "One of tho balm iest days of Spring." Jackson March 4, 1S33. No reference to the weather. Van Buren March 4, 1837. "A bright and beautiful day." William H. Harrison March 4. 1S41. "Weath er cold and cloudy; very disagreeable above and under foot." Folk March 4. 1845. "Wet and disagree able; clouds of umbrellas darkened the streets. Snow falling while the Inaugural address was delivered." Taylor March 5. 1S49. "A bright day." Pierce March 4, 1S53. "Weather very un favorable; heavy snowfall; raw northwest wind." Buchanan March 4, 1S37. "A faultless Spring day." Lincoln March 4, 1801. "A clear, bright day." Lincoln March 4, 1865. "Cold; cloudy and threatening weather; heavy rains the previous night; streets very muddy." Grant March 4, 1SC9. "A raw, dismal, rainy day." Grant March 4. 1873. "The coldest Inau gural day ever known. Thermometer 4 degrees above zero." Hayes March 4, 1877. "Rain." Garfield March 4. 1881. "Ground covered with snow; strong northwest wind blowing." Cleveland March 4. 1SS3. "Very favorable day for March." Harrison March 4. 18S9. "Continuous rain from the 2d to the 0th of March, with snow storm on the morning of the 4th." Cleveland March 4, 1893. "Rain and snow In early morning; streets covered with slush; weather cleared toward noon." McKinley March 4. 1897. "Almost perfect weather; neither too cold nor too warm." For many years Senator Hoar and Sen ator Morrill, of Vermont, before him, have been trying to secure a Constitutional amendment changing Inauguration day from March 4 to April 30, in order to be sure of comfortable weather; but the Mc Kinley Inauguration day In 1897 was so pleasant that the advocates of the meas ure lost Interest Encouragement for Portland. Independence Enterprise. We should like to see Portland have an Oriental exposition in 1905. The time elapsing between now and then. If prop erly Improved, would be ample to gather a representative display of our products, minerals, manufactured articles, etc., thereby bringing them to the observation of many people who have no Idea of their true merit Any movement to bring the right class of people to our state should receive encouragement North Pacific Centennial. PORTLAND, March 6. (To the Editor.) The writer, who has been Identified with great expositions for many years, fully agrees with your suggestion in today's Oregonlan, that you need a short, senten tious expression, which will tell the story of the name of your exposition at a glance. In the humble opinion of the writer there is none that will cover the field so completely a3 the "North Pacific I Centennial." . H, FP.IEDLANDER. TO EXPLOIT PHILIPPINE FORESTS WASHINGTON, March 6. The Di vision of Forestry of the United States Department of Agriculture has selected from its working force two trained lum bermen with some knowledge of forestry, to be sent to the Fnllipplne Islands in compliance with a cable request of the Taft Philippine Commission. The per sons selected for this work are Grant Bruce, formerly a state forester in New York, and Edward Hamilton. Both of these men are expert lumbermen with some training in forestry, and have been selected in view of their special fitness for the Philippine work. A bureau of forestry was established In the Philippines in April, 1SO0, with Captain George P. Ahern, Ninth United States Infantry, in charge. The work of this bureau has convinced the Taft Com mission of the great importance of the timber lands as a natural source of wealth and of the necessity of putting the bureau on a substantial footing and handling these woodlands under scien tific forest methods. Furthermore, it is evident that the cutting of timber under proper regulations will provide a large and Increasing annual revenue to the Government It has been found neces sary to permit the cutting of timber to supply the present pressing needs, but care has been taken at the ,sume time that the cutting should be done in a manner that would work no injury to the future growth of the forests. These considerations led the commission to cable to Washington for trained forest ers to assist in putting the service on a more satisfactory footing. Under the Spanish administration the timber lands of the Philippine Islands were in charge of a department of for estry which .was organized in 1SC3. The personnel of the department was made up of expert foresters, rangers, clerks, draughtsmen, etc., the highest officials being selected from the Spanish corps of engineers. Alter Captain Ahern was appointed he received authority to employ a small num ber of foresters, rangers, and clerks; by September his office had been doubled; In order to handle the work of the bureau properly. The call for activity on the part of those in charge of the Bureau of Forestry was emphasized at once by the lumber famine in Manila and other im portant towns, owing to the destruction of buildings in the war, and the Increased demand for good dwelling houses resulting from the large Influx of Americans. For these reasons the felling of trees and the marketing of lumber had to begin soon after the establishment of the bureau. Captain Ahern Is in constant communica tion with the Division of Forestry, for assistance and co-operation with the Phil ippine Bureau of Forestry. The work of that bureau was confined for three months to the Island of Luzon, but recently has been carried to other points in the archipelago. The present plan of the bureau is to cover all the im portant forests as the development of the working force will permit. One great drawback which is retarding the work of the bureau is the lack of capa ble and active subordinate otiicials. It is difficult to find men familiar with the forest conditions and the uses of the woods of the Philippines who are en tirely satisfactory in other respects. It is believed that the best means of secur ing a competent and efficient force is to employ new men and train them on the ground as speedily as possible. In this work Messrs. Bruce and Hamilton will be able to render valuable assistance. The bureau was recently reorganized so as to consist of an olllcer in charge, an inspector, a botanist, a chief clerk, and stenographer, a translater, a law clerk, a record "clerk, 10 assistant for esters, and 30 rangers. It is the inten tion of the officer in charge to work up a forest service on the lines of the work carried on In the United States Depart ment of Agriculture, through Its division of forestry. The wholesale destruction of timber will be stopped, and the cutting will proceed under regulations looking to tho future yields of the forests. The fire question will also receive close attention. Captain Ahern, in a recent report, calls attention to several obstacles in the way of immediate success in lumbering in the Philippine Islands, the most serious draw backs being lack of good roads and skilled labor. Forest roads and river driveways are almost unknown, and pres ent methods of lumbering are slow and expensive. The natives, he finds, are not skilled workmen, and though receiving very low wages, their work is found by no means cheap when one considers the cost of felling and hauling a cubic foot of timber to the shipping point xne rorest Janus of tne .fnllipplne Isl ands, it is estimated by Captain Ahern, cover 40,000,000 acres; larger in extent and greater in value than the forests of In dia. There are 3S5 species of timber-producing trees, and about 50 more species as yet unclassified. Included In the above list are very hard woods, capable of tak ing a beautiful polish; woods that resist climatic influences and the attack of white ants; still others that are espe cially suited for sea-piling or for use as railroad ties. There are many varieties of trees producing valuable gums, oils and drugs; rubber and gutta-percha are abundant in Mindanao and Tawl-Tawl; while at least 17 dye-woods are found within the limits of the archipelago. Co coanut palms grow without care or culti vation throughout the Islands. There are also many varieties of palms, bamboo, qanes, and rattan which are of commercial value and will afford profitable employ ment to native labor. Mr. Bruce and Mr. Hamilton have sailed from San Francisco for Manila on the transport Indiana. CompnlHory Vaccination. Nothing could bo more unwise than for the Legislature to repeal or weaken In any way the compulsory vaccination law now in force. The law as it applies to the schools simply requires that every child must present proof that it has had the smallpox or been vaccinated before It can be admitted to the public schools. It Is a common-sense precaution against the spread of a loathsome disease. Any one can readily see how easily contagious diseases can be disseminated from the public schools. Every pupil except one may have taken all necessary precaution, but that one may be the cause of starting an epidemic. The public ought not to be exposed to such a risk. The present law If rigidly enforced, will prevent it. No one is subjected to any hardship and nothing is required except what the best medical science and experience has ap proved. The present wide prevalence of smallpox throughout the country should be a warning against weakening any guard against the disease. It Is due to these very precautions that Philadelphia and Pennsylvania are now enjoying such Immunity. Great Earthworms. "Madagascar," by Prof. Dr. C. Keller. "The earthyorms of the Island of Mad gascar are specially remarkable. Of the smaller species of Pontoscolex corethaurus and Perlchoeta biserialis occur the most frequently. A truly gigantic species was discovered by me in 1SS6 (Kynotus dar wlnll). I possess several specimens of the thickness of the finger and a yard and a half In length. In the formation of mold and preparation of the soil they take a pre-eminent share, for they make deep passages In the ground and thus contrib ute to the airing and breaking up of the surface mold. These gigantic annellda, after the fashion of our earthworms at home, pass a mass of earth through their intestines to cast it up afterward on the surface; masses of these lumps of excrement He about In many places. When dry they weight on an. average from AM to 5 ounces, and some specimens attain the weight of from 6 to 6 ounces. This disturbance of soil must thus be very considerable, and it Is calculated that these animals are able in the course of BO years to supply to the surface a stratum three feet in thickness." NOTE AXD COMMENT. Incidentally, the Sampson affair rais a& the Dewey stock several points. Denmark will have to raffle off the islands if she expects to get rid of the The Duke of Manchester has been sn! for broach of promise, but his father-. law can afford it. Schley hereafter will wish that liis enemy might make an indorsement 1 stead of writing a book. Andrew Carnegie got enough money ojut of the steel trust to remove tho wolf to the middle distance, at least. Pat Crowe should be reminded .that the, letter writing habit has got more thjm one great man into very hot water. The Sultan of Turkey has gone back n that war ship contract and again b-e-comes the legitimate prey of the para grapher. Rockefeller has just given $250,000 mo'ro to a university. It is easy to let one-"s light shine, when one has a corner on the oil supply. If Alfred Austin keeps on this way ho certainly will make a hit with Kinjc Ed ward. He hasn't sung a lay since tho day after the Queen died. A smallpox scare at Loyalsville, Pa., is responsible for a queer election mud dle. The day before election it was found that Thomas J. Bryan, in whose store the poll was located, was ill of smallpox. His house and store were quarantined an-1 the election board hired a hall for a poll ing place. The smallpox scare kept tho country voters at home, only 40 out of 2S0 coming to the polls. All the candidates chosen were residents of the village, and now the country voters have begun to contest the election, holding that the board had no right to change the poll ing place without an order from the court. Half a century ago, notes a sharp in floriculture, the camellia was our favorite flower. We willingly paid a dollar apiece for a handful of them, while roses went begging. Philadelphia raited them by the millions, and sold them to New York florist at $500 a thousand. Today the camellia is about as popular as a tare in a wheat field, while the rose is queen of all she surveys. The American Beautj-. queen of queens, has sold for as much as $200 a hundred. Strange to tell, it is not an American rose at all, but an Importa tion. A quarter of a century ago the pop ular roses were the Bon Silene and tho Safrano, selling at about $25 a hundred, but they are nearly forgotten now. In 1S95 the Bon Silene could be bought for $2 a hundred, while the Safrano was not even in the market. Ash Wednesday Senator Chandler told a group of Senators in the Republican cloakroom at the National Capitol that the day reminded him of a story. "When Don Cameron was in the Senate," said Mr. Chandler, "he used to move with great regularity every Thursday afternoon that the Senate adjourn until Monday. On the day after Ash Wednesday, a few years ago, he got up to make his usual motion. He thought he had good grounds for It, too, for he said: 'Mr. President, I move that when the Senate adjourns to night it shall adjourn until next Monday. You see. Mr. President, yesterday was Ash -Wednesday, and tomorrow is good Friday, and we certainly should not meet on that day.' And the fun of It was," concluded Mr. Chandler, "that nobody had the presence of mind to protest that Good Friday was six weeks away, and we solemnly voted to adjourn for the reasons stated by Senator Comeron." The 43 rifle is covered with dust. And Its cracking report Is still, , And the deadly six-shooter' Is rd with rust. Though thirsting for blood to spill. Time was when the ritle ball swiftly sped. And the pistol shot clove the air. And that was the time when our game llttla Ted Reluctantly laid them there. "The lions will keep for a while." said he. "And th wolves will still howl on the plain; So stay wherr you are and Just wait for me. For I soon will come back again." Hut while he was absent, the ill-fated, Ted To Washington carelessly went. 'Twere better for him had he fallen quits dead. For they made him Vice-President. The two trusty weapons are waiting thcra The two trusty weapons nre waiting there yet, For the hand of a master they cannot forget, nut who never will come to them more. And they wonder what's happened to poor little Ted. As the days and the weeks come and go, And they fear in their hearts that their hero is dead. Or Is caught and corralled by Pat Crowe. PLEASANTRIES OF l'AUAGItAPHEUS Paterfamilias Tommy, stop pulling that poor cat's tail. Tommy I'm not pulling It, pa. I'm only holding on to it. The cat's pulling It. Tit-Bits. "There's one fact," remanced the Sweet Thing, "I can't understand about discovering these new stars." "What's that?" asked the professor. "How they manage to find out their names." Philadelphia Times. On on Delia. "Oh. this is too bad!" "What's the matter?" "Delia Jones sent me a. lovely book as a birthday gift, and she-,forgot to take out the card of the person who gave it to her." Detroit Free Press. What Was Required. Mr. Holesayle I want an offlce boy that don't chew, smoke or curse, and is always neat, clean, brave, manly and courteous. Applicant Hully gee! Wot you want is a matinee idol ! Puck. Visitor to Country Town (who has been shown over the church) And how long has your present vicar been here? Sexton Mr. Mole, sir. has been tho Incumbrance here, sir, for nigh on 40 year, sir!" Punch. Odes IX and XI First Book of Horace (Translation.) Alma Samuel. IX. High shines Soracte white with snow, Scarce the straining woods their burden hold. Still stand the rivers. Ice-bound in their flow. Pile on the fagots and thaw out the cold; And from your oldest Jar, While rage the winds afar. The generous Sabine, O feast-master, poue. Leave to the gods the rest. By whose care is suppressed The striving winds and seething waves' up roar. For whatsoever day that's given thee, thanlc Chance: For tomorrow's day have thou no cares ;4 Spurn thou not the sports of lovera nor th dance. While hoary age thy callow youth still spares. Now for stealthy meetings. Whispered twilight greetings. Hide-and-seek with frolic girls, O boy; Tralfrous laughter welling. The damsel's refuge telling. And tokens snatched from arms and lingers coy. XI. "What end the gods have set for me. for thee. Seek not. Leuconoe with Impious lore. To find, nor Babylonian figures pore. . Whether our last this very Winter be,. While even now upon the farther shore , The wearied wave of the Tyrrhenian roiln The fronting line of cliffs assaults in vain Or whether Jove has many years In store. Better to wait the future, wisely gay Meantime, and better 'tis to strain the Wn And see that no excessive hope be thine. Time files; trust not tomorrow; use today'