THE MOKXIXO OKEGONIAS, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY, 23, 1901.
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TODAY'S "WEATHER. Rain; brisk and
probably high southerly winds.
1
PORTLAND, SATURDAY, FEB. 23.
On this last day of the legislative
session The Oregonlan feels it to be its
duty to make a final appeal. Election
of Senator is not everything; the state
has other functions; yet at this time
we are so in need of influence and
working power at Washington that the
Legislature cannot afford to adjourn
without the election of a Senator.
Of 63 Republican members, 34, a de
cided majority, are voting for Mr. Cor
bett. Thirty-two of these, last Monday,
drew up and deliberately adopted a pre
amble and resolution declaring their
purpose, as a majority, to adhere to
Mr. Corbett and vote for no other per
son. These 32 have since been joined
by two others, who thus also have
expressed acquiescence in the declara-
. tlon. The Oregonian reprints this dec
oration, conspicuously, on its first
kge.
from their agreement with each other
support Mr. Corbett to the end, and
ir pledge of honor to each othr to
so, the members constituting the
H5v,ruy cannocieccv?e. A.C all times,
however, they have been holding out
invitation to the minority to enter a
party caucus and settle the matter in
that way; if that way were deemed
preferable. Thus far, however, this in
vitation has not been accepted.
It is not to be supposed that the
members constituting a majority of all
the Republicans, who have put forth
the declaration which we reprint today
will or can abandon that position. They
are men of judgment, prudence and
honor, men of purpose and integrity,
who consider well their statements and
weigh their words. Such statement as
they have put forth cannot be with
drawn. "We dwell upon this as a re
minder to the minority members, that
they cannot expect it.
There remains the intrigue with the
Democrats. There has been much
traffic in it, yet it has met difficulties
at every step, owing to repugnance of
Republicans on the one side and of
Democrats on the other to second the
efforts of the leaders who have been
trying to work it up. It is a scheme
from which men who like straightfor
ward proceedings in politics as in other
affairs recoil. Democratic members, to
their honor be it said, have stood out
against it There are Republicans who
hitherto have acted with the minority,
who will do likewise. It is necessary to
the welfare of the country as well as
of parties that parties be maintained
:n party lines. It is injurious always
rhen they mix public affairs up in bar-
is between them. In such proceed
ings party principles and purposes are
always lost. It Is only barter or bar
gain among individuals, for spoils; and
it is always disliked and condemned, by
the high-minded men of every party.
Now since the Republican majority
who have made their declaration can
not recede, and since there is no vital
principle making division in the party
as sometimes heretofore, when neither
would recede, it remains only to say
that the majority cannot reasonably
be expected to yield, while it is every
way fair to expect the minority to do so.
There is no room for such a division
in a party except upon the greatest and
gravest questions, none of which now
is presented. On all the Important
questions of the time Mr. Corbett's po
sition is satisfactory to all Republicans.
'The present contention Is that of per
sonal feeling, or contention for personal
advantage. It cannot be Improper to
suggest that a limit ought to be set
upon such motives. In all our political
action there ought to be reasonable re
gard for the opinions and rights of oth
ers. It is not unreasonable, unless some
great principle is at stake which can
not possibly be compromised, to expect
the party minority to acquiesce in the
decision of the party majority. This is
the present case. Oregon's needs at
"Washington call for the election of a
Senator. Mr. Corbett Is able to repre
sent the state well. A decided major
ity of the Republican members have
declared for him, in terms which pre
clude recession on their part. Should
there be no election, no proclamation
from any quarter will be necessary to
fix the responsibility. It will fix Itself.
Circumstances surrounding the pass
age of the Portland charter mean the
perfection of an arrangement by which
le police and fire departments of Port-
land are turned over to the Democrats
In return for votes to elect John H.
Mitchell to the Senate. How success
ful the deal -will be today's balloting
will disclose.
CALIFORNIA'S PRUNE TRUST.
The prunegrowers "combine'' of Cal
ifornia is the latest illustration of the
difficulty of "cornering" any commodity
of which there is a general production,
and which to a considerable extent can
be replaced by a substitute. It Is now
well past the prune marketing season,
and the bloom will soon be on the trees
for another crop, and yet this organiza
tion has remaining on hand from last
year 50,000,000 pounds of prunes. The
method of procedure of the California
prune trust was similar on some lines
to that of the late but not lamented
hop trust of Oregon. The growers tied
up a large portion of the output of the
state, and fixed a price at which it
must be sold. The possible rebellion
of the consumer against a higher price
than was warranted by the law of sup
ply and demand was overlooked by the
trust, and this was one of the weak
points in the "cinch" which came to
light early in the proceedings.
Another factor which was perhaps
more responsible than anything else for
leaving the trust and its 50,000,000
pounds of prunes "up in the air" was
the persistent selling of independent
growers outside of the combine. These
latter were willing to take the market
price, which in the long run is always
regulated by supply and demand, and
they steadily unloaded their crop at
prices a fraction under those demanded
by the trust. They were, of course,
aided in securing higher prices than
otherwise would prevail, by the with
holding from the market of the big
quantity of prunes in the hands of the
trust. In the same manner the hop
trust of Oregon helped out the "Wash
ington, California and New York grow
ers two years ago. "When one of two
tradesmen in the same line of business
closes his shop, the proceeding is bene
ficial to the one left alone in the field;
but the profits of the retiring man
cease from his withdrawal from busi
ness, and the man remaining profits in
a greater degree than before.
The harm done by the California
prune combine did not end with leaving
an Immense stock of prunes to be sold
for a song to distillers or thrown on
the market for anything they could
command. Having secured a duty of 2
cents per pound on foreign prunes on
that ancient pretense that the pauper
labor of Europe could produce prunes
so much cheaper than the high-born
American, they seemed to think that
the prune-eater of this country was in
their own hands, and must -pay any
price that was demanded. The con
sumer disagreed with the combine, and
turned to peaches, apples and other
dried fruits that had been overlooked
by the combine. He was encouraged
in this change by an army of salesmen
and distributers who had been left on
the outside by the trust, and the result
is a decided shrinkage in the demand
for consumption. The pauper labor of
Europe was not so "pauperlsh" but that
it enabled the prunegrowers to market
5200 carloads of their fruit abroad, al
though they considered it a vital neces
sity that a duty of 2 cents per pound
must be levied to enable them to raise
prunes in competition with the for-,,
elgner. The latter, however, objects to
combine prices for prunes, and is ap
parently eating his own product, for the
exports of that fruit since the reign of
the combine are less than one-fifth as
large as they were a year ago.
"We can sell prunes to Europe, if we
sell them cheaply enough, but not oth
erwise. The California prune trust and
the Oregon hop trust have pretty ef
fectually demonstrated that experi
enced middlemen and distributers who
can Increase the demand and widen
the market for products are much more
beneficial to growers than the schemers
who attempt an unnatural forcing of
prices by r "corners," trusts or com
bines. SEEICERS AFTER THE NORTH POLE
The spirit of adventure and explora
tion as witnessed in the attempt to
reach the north pole has not received
even temporary check through the fail
ures, hardships and fatalities that
marked its efforts during the closing
years of the nineteenth century. From
Sir John Franklin, whose fate was for
years shrouded In the white silence of
the far North, to that of Andree, per
haps the most hopelessly adventurous
man who ever set his course poleward,
all who have entered the forbidden
realm of King Cold have either per
ished in useless quest or returned to
repeat tales of suffering and disappoint
ment and relatively useless search.
Notwithstanding this record, each suc
ceeding year has witnessed the de
parture of one expedition or more to
the north, and the initial year of the
new century finds at least four in pro
cess of preparation, anxious to depart.
The United States expedition will be
equipped under the direction of Evelyn
D. Baldwin, of the Weather Bureau,
who Is now in Europe consulting with
other scientists and inspecting ships.
The funds for this expedition will be
furnished by William Zelgler, a New
Tork millionaire, with the lavish hand
that characterized the equipment of the
ill-fated Jeannette by James Gordon
Bennett. Much has been learned since
the sailing of the Jeannette of what a
ship should not be if she would outride
the ice pack, but relatively little as to
what she should be in order to Insure
the accomplishment of this perilous feat
in safety; and known errors will be
avoided, whether to encounter those
3et undeveloped can only be determined
by experiment.
Of the Russian expedition, Vice-Admiral
Makaroff, of the Russian Imper
ial Navy, will be in charge. The cruise
will be undertaken with the famous
ice-crusher, Ermark, which has already
proved Its ability to break through
solid Ice fourteen feet in thickness. This
vessel's sides are fifteen times as strong
as those of the average commercial
steel ship, and make the equipment of
the Jeannette, then thought to be per
fect, seem like that of a toy vessel
made to ride a Summer sea. The Ca
nadian expedition will be in charge of
Captain Bernlce, who is fitting out his
vessel, the Scottish King, in England,
after the most approved ice-ship mod
els. Besides these, it is known that a
German expedition will be undertaken,
the plans of which have not yet been
made public, while Dr. Nansen and
the Duke of Abruzzl are said to have
agreed to make the trip together,
though whether they will start the pres
ent year Is not known.
Of course, no one can say that these
expeditions or any one of them will be
unsuccessful in the great quest In which
so many lives and so vast a sum of
money have been sacrificed. Each will
start well equipped, and the men in
charge will be full of hope and deter
mination. It cannot be said that the
expeditions that have preceded them
have utterly failed, since progress such
as Is only possible to experience has
been made In the navigation of North
ern waters, and in securing a degree
of comfort and safety to men who pur
sue the behests of science in the frozen
zone.
ANACHRONISM OF MRS. NATION.
The acts of Mrs. Nation and of those
possessed of her frenzy have received
throughout the country universal cen
sure of her travesty upon law and or
der. Antipathy to her methods is wide
spread and genuine, and cannot be mis
taken. Abhorrence of mob violence seems
to be Instinctive with the sober element
of citizens. But this has not long been
the political habit. In England, re
spect for law and order Is deeper set
than in America. Since the anarchy
which preceded Henry VII, this politi
cal sentiment has been developing.
But up to a very recent date the cus
tom was to resist, by violence if neces
sary, legislation or aught else which
abridged privileges of any class of peo
ple. We say privileges because democ
racy and liberty are modern concep
tions. This resistance was first di
rected against the crown, and it ex
tended over so long a period that it
was the recognized method of gaining
redress. It must be understood, how
ever, that outbreaks were not regarded
lawless, for they Invoked the law. The
evolution of the Cabinet solved the dif
ficulty between the nation and the
crown. Then there was further strug
gle between the nation and the govern
ment until modern reforms were con
summated. The conspicuous fact to be noted is
that, although the English exalted the
law, they gained their rights by law
lessness, or rather by violence. In
America this aptitude of resistance did
not have the exercise it had In Eng
land. But in 1775 it came into play and
made use of illegal methods. The acts
committed against the soldiery of
George III, the Boston tea party, the
battle of Lexington, were violations of
law and order. It must be remembered
that Independence was not thought of
until later. Up to the recent suprem
acy of courts in America and of the
Cabinet in England, the habit of the
people was to take the law Into their
own hands. But they did it for politi
cal, not fanatical, purposes. The very
essential difference between Mrs. Na
tion's disturbance and the outbreaks
mentioned above must be kept in mind
In making the analogy. It is proba
ble that respect for law and order is
not so much instinctive as objective.
The memory of Washington was
pledged yesterday at Democratic ban
quets "asrthe foremost exponent In his
time of good, sound Democratic doc
trine." The truth is that Washington
dreaded Jefferson and trusted Hamil
ton. Washington had not been more
than a year in office when a contest be
gan over the powers of Congress. Penn
sylvania, Maryland, Virginia and
North Carolina denounced the assump
tion of state debts by the Federal Gov
ernment as unconstitutional, and the
people of Western Pennsylvania -rebelled
against the whisky tax. The tax
on carriages was denounced as direct,
and the right of Congress to charter
a National bank was disputed by Jef
ferson. Hamilton approved of the
bank, the excise act, of all these meas
ures, as covered by what he called the
express, the Implied and the resultant
powers of Congress, while Jefferson dis
approved of the bank and recognized
only those powers expressly granted to
Congress and those absolutely neces
sary to carry out the powers expressly
given. Hamilton won Washington to
his views, but the opposition that began
then between the schools of constitu
tional construction, headed respectively
by Hamilton and Jefferson, continued
many years after the death of the
great principals to the controversy.
When Congress adjourned March 3,
1791, the nucleus of a new political
party existed, whereof Jefferson and
Madison were to be the leaders. When
Washington, in 1793, declared for neu
trality between France and Great Brit
ain, the opposition denounced his ac
tion as unconstitutional, as usurpation
of powers expressly 'delegated to Con
gress. Jefferson really inspired this op
position, and Hamilton defended Wash
ington against Madison. The ratifica
tion of the Jay treaty produced another
storm, the House claiming the right
to share in the making of treaties and
refusing to vote money to put it in
force. Washington was defended in
this instance by Marshall and Hamil
ton. It is clear from these facts that if
agreement with Jefferson is the test,
Washington clearly was not a Demo
crat in his day; he was with Hamilton
and Marshall, not -with Jefferson. Jef
ferson finally stepped down and out of
Washington's Cabinet, and to the day
of Washington's death was the leader
of opposition to his views. Washing
ton's picture does not fairly belong In
the gallery of Democratic saints, for
Washington always stood with Mar
shall and Hamilton, not with Jefferson,
In all of his political views.
Another name has been added to the
long list of marine disasters on the
treacherous rocks around the entrance
to the Golden Gate. Responsibility for
this latest horror cannot be fixed until
official Investigation brings to light cir
cumstances which may be overlooked in
the excitement attendant on the wild
scramble for life yesterday morning.
The story, as told by the telegraph,
however, would Indicate that the
greater part of the blame rests with
the dead captain, who paid the penalty
for a brief lapse of vigilance with his
life. A long and successful career as
master of the fine ship with which he
went down had engrafted upon his na
ture a contempt for the perils of the
sea. Restless and chafing under the
disappointment of coming in with his
ship over two days late, Captain "Ward
took chances which proved his undoing.
A careless and even foolhardy effort to
save a little time, cost scores of lives
and a fine ship. The story of the loss
of the City of Rio Janeiro In Its main
points does not differ from that of
scores of others. The name of the ship,
the local settings and the victims are
new, but, aside from this, it is the same
old story that has been told at Inter
vals all too frequent ever since' man
has gone down to the sea in ships. If
the blame, as it appears from the
stories now related, must be borne by
the dead captain, public censure will
be softened by the heroic manner in
which he went down with his ship.
Man Is but mortal, and the, mistakes of
mortals from the beginning 'of time have
caused needless loss of Innocent lives.
Seldom, however, has there been such
a side light of pathos thrown on a dark
picture of death as in this case, where
the apparently guilty one paid for his
first and last error of judgment with
a voluntary surrender of his own life.
"Maternal duty" pTesents a wide field
for discussion. Among the elements
that the topic brings out are found
self-righteousness, that with tractable
children at the knee vaunts Its power
to bring up wise meri and virtuous
women by simply staying at home and
looking after its affairs; arrogance that
Is never tired of arraigning the mother
whose sons and daughters go wrong
as faithless custodians of a sacred
trust, and humility which, while re
joicing in the hope that painstaking
endeavor may produce honorable, up
right men, and noble, self-sacrificing
women, yet looks abroad and trembles
at the possibility of failure.
Let him not boost who puts his armor on.
As he who puts it oil the battle done.
It ill becomes a mother with children
at her knee, whose every want she has
thus far been able to meet, and every
petty waywardness to restrain, to gird
at the heartbroken mother farther
along In life who mourns in her chil
dren a waywardness that she cannot
control, and deplores habits in her sons
that are the result of an environment
the temptations of which she dimly
comprehends. Not the mother alone,
but the parents, are responsible for the
training of children, and .to this end,
fully conscious of the gravity of the
self-imposed duty, the efforts of respon
sible fathers and mothers tend.
The statement that the Sioux Indians
are seriously contemplating an "upris
ing sounds like ancient history. While
a band of Indians with a grievance,
real or imaginary, may go on a raid
and possibly kill a few people, anything
like a concerted uprising of a tribe or
tribes with a view to recover, for lazy
occupation and use as hunting-grounds,
lands that have been occupied and, to
a greater or less extent, cultivated by
white men, is absurd. The days of
devastating border warfare with a
savage foe are forever past in this
country. The heel of civilization, meta
phorically speaking, is upon the neck
of savagery. Not the less because of
this fact, but the more rather, should
justice In a treaty sense be observed
in our dealings with the Indians that
survive, as weak representatives of a
once mighty race. For a Sioux chief
or the chief of any other tribe to de
clare hostilities for any cause under
present conditions and circumstances is
but the- folly of unreason, which finds
a parallel from, time to time in the
"die In the last ditch" declaration of
white men In the face of a superior
force, to encounter which Tfn battle
means certain defeat and capitulation
of 'extinction.
It appears that there are reasons,
and in the estimation of Speaker Hen
derson "weighty and conclusive ones,
why the Indian War Veterans' pension
bill should not receive the recognition
of Congress at this time. --These "rea
sons may be condensed In the words,
"There are others." With no lssthan
elevdfi similar bills strongly urged, ac
tion upon the Oregon veterans' bill
would open the door to a flood of serv
ice pension bills. Whatever feeling of
disappointment may result from the at
titude of Speaker Henderson' toward
this measure, it may be well to re
member that he holds a position of vast
responsibility, the duties of which re
quire the exercise of firmness and the
Impartial treatment of all similar
measures. No doubt the local repre
sentatives of this bill now In Wash
ington, who have bitterly censured our
delegation in Congress for the failure
from year to year to secure Its passage,
will return to their homes somewhat
wiser from their futile attempt to force
their claim through Congress.
Frederic Harrison, the distinguished
Englishman who delivered the address
on Washington before the Union
League Club, of Chicago, last evening,
Is the leading apostle of positivism In
England, and he has long been promi
nent as a jurist, essayist and philo
sophical writer.' He was-a' member of
the Royal Commission of Trades Unions
from 1S67 to 1SS9, secretary of the Royal
Commission for Digesting the Law in
1869-70, professor of jurisprudence and
International law to the Inns of Court
from 1S77 to 18S9, and a member of the
London Couqty Council from 18S9 to
1892. Washington has commanded the
public euloglum of all great English
men, Including Fox, Burke, Welling
ton, Byron, Brougham, Macaulay,
Green and Gladstone.
The total collections in the State
Land Department at Salem during the
years 1894 and 1895 amounted to $99,
689 13. Perhaps under all the circum
stances surrounding the transaction of
public business, at. that time the people
should feel thankful that nearly two
thirds of this considerable sum passed
Into the state treasury. So simple were
the expedients by which $30,949 73 was
abstracted from the sums paid to the
clerk of the board, it seems truly won
derful that, with tjie peculatlve talent
there harbored by official carelessness,
the shortage was not much greater.
The new charter with which Multno
mah legislators are fretting the placld
ness of their self-sufficiency seems too
great for the superlative measure of
their pre-eminent statesmanship. In
other words, the job is bigger than their
egotism, despite their self-consciousness.
The Oregon Legislature knows full
well what it means to the state to be
without complete and able representa
tion at Washington. The Legislature
Mas a grand opportunity to serve the
great Interests of the state by laying
aside little difficulties.
What was the Hon. Phil Metschan
doing In 1895 that the looting of the
school fund of the state escaped his at
tention as treasurer of the Land
Board? '' '
Waldersee is about to send out an
other punitive expedition. He must be
running short of loot.
The orphan bill is framed not alone
to relieve orphans, but to make or
phans. The Democrats furnished the votes.
They are entitled to the usufruct.
PROTECTION FOR ALASKA SALMON
New Tork Sun.
This country leads the world In the
value of Its fisheries, and we sell abroad
about $6,000,000 worth of fish, although
this sum, In 1S99, was only one-half of 1
per cent of our total export. We should
have practically no exports of fish if it
were not for our canned salmon, our oys
ters, and a small part of the Maine her
ring catch which Is packed In oil and
sold In Latin-American countries. It is
now certain that if the wholesale destruc
tion of salmon continues, under the law
less and wasteful methods of fishing fol
lowed In many of the Pacific Coast riv
ers, our fisheries export will almost wholly
disappear, and salmon will also disappear
from our home markets.
The salmon pack of this country and
Canada first passed a million cases a year
In 1SS2. Since then, the pack has almost
continuously Increased. It amounted. In
1S$0, "to 3,133,040 cases. .The older fisheries,
however, have been largely depleted. The
Columbia River pack of 1S99 was only
about one-half that of 1S95; the Sacra
mento River Industry has been almost
extinguished; the British Columbia pack
was reduced from 1,000,000 cases In 1S97
to 700.000 in 1SS9. The Puget Sound Indus
try, not largely developed till recent years,
has been steadily growing and amounted
to nearly a million cases In 1S99; but It Is
the great development of the Alaskan
fisheries since 18S7 that has done most to
swell the annual product. Alaska has be
come the largest center of salmon fishing
and canneries. Its pack Is worth about
$3,000,000 a year, fully two-thirds as much
as the entire product of all the Wash
ington, Oregon and California rivers. But
the end of this great Alaskan industry
is said to be in sight unless there is a
radical change In the methods now pur
sued. The report of Captain Charles P. El
liott, U. S. A., retired, on the Salmon
Fishing Grounds and Canneries of
Alaska, recently published In Washington,
says that the Government regulations for
the protection of salmon are openly vio
lated. At one place on the Nushagak
River 700,000 fish had been wantonly de
stroyed, for It was Impossible, after they
were killed, to ship or can them before
spoiling. Seines were drawn directly
across the mouths of rivers In such a
way that no fish could escape them. There
was Illegal fishing at every station he
visited, the most wanton destruction of
salmon occurred at Cook Inlet, Prince
William Sound,, Algonak, Kadlak Island,
Chlgnlk Bay and Nushagak. In his opin
ion the Alaskan fisheries will be de
stroyed within 10 years unless stringent
measures of prevention are at once taken.
Officers with full power to arrest should,
he believes, have charge of all the can
neries. For every fish taken the packers
should be required to turn out from pri
vate hatcheries a certain number of
fry, or If they have no hatcheries they
should be compelled to buy fry from
Government hatcheries, the establishment
of which at specified points Is recom
mended.
It Is high time for the rigid enforce
ment of regulations for the protection of
an Industry that may be made perma
nently successful If wise management
supplants the flagrant violation of law
that has been very marked, for some
years, in the Alaskan salmon fisheries.
Antiquity of the Vices.
Chicago Tribune.
The letters and inscriptions of Ham
murabi, a King of the Babylonian dynas
ty, dating back to 2200 B. C, which have
recently been translated, throw most in
teresting light not only upon the antiquity
of vices of a financial kind, but also upon
the manner In which they were punished
In those faraway days. In one of these
letters Hammurabi notifies his corre
spondent that a case of bribery has been
reported him. and that the man who of
fered tho bribe, the man who took the
brlbeand a, witness to the transaction are
In 'Babylon. The officer Is further noti
fied to apprehend all these men, as well
as to ".set a seal upon the money or upon
whatsoever was offered as the bribe, and
cause it" and all the parties to bo brought
before him for summary punishment. The
outcome of the case Is not reported, but
as Hamniurabf, the Amraphel of Genesis,
was absolute m power, it Is not unlikely
that two Babylonians lost their heads As
a salutary 'warning to Others.
The second letter bears upon the ques
tion of money lending in those ancient
days. A serf had Informed the King that
Anl-ellati, a notorious usurer, had laid
claim to certain lands which belonged to
him, and had appropriated his crops. Tho
King, after looking Into the matter, found
that the usurer held a mortgage upon only
a small part of the serf's acres, and or
dered that his pledge should bo returned
to him, and that the usurer should be
brought to him for punishment, the regis
try of title being held sufficient to defeat
a usurious claim a feature of land laws
which, curiously enough, Is now advocated
in England.
These two letters, over 4000 years old.
show not only the antiquity of the vices of
greed, but also the excellent manner In
which justice was administered sometimes
In the early days of the race. In the
bribery case the briber was held as
equally guilty with the bribed. In the
usury case the Babylonian Shylock lost
not only his Interest but his principal, and
was punished besides. In the bribery mat
ter the King was determined not to touch
tho hush money, 400 ounces of gold, so
ho ordered his officials to return it to the
briber, after deducting 39S ounces for legal
expenses and 2 ounces for fees to the ser
vants, which shows that Hammurabi was
crafty as well as just. Justice, after 'all,
has not made much advance In the last
41 centuries; on the other hand, Its ad
ministrators today might learn a useful
lesson from the study of the Hammurabi
tablets.
"What Queen's Fortune Amount To.
New York "World.
The following is an accurate estimate of
the fortune Queen Victoria will leave to
be divided among her heirs:
Three hundred thousand dollars privy
purse or pocket money yearly. Half
saved. Compounded at 4 per cent
for 03 years, amounts to about $10,500,000
Net revenues of Dachy of Lancaster,
which have averaged $300,000 a
year for the past 03 years 0,500,000
Private fortune of Prince Consort,
amounting to $2,300,000, left tho
Queen In 1801 Thla waa all Invest
ed In land In South Kensington,
then practically a waste, now one
of the most fashionable residen
tial sections of London, and worth
about 10,000,000
Osborne House and Balmoral, her pri
vate estates, with their furnish
ings, palntlng3 and articles of
value, worth about 4,000,000
Bequest of $2,600,000 left her 50
years ago by John- Camden Nfeld,
now Increased to about 8,000,000
Estate In Coburg and a villa in
Baden worth about 1.000,000
Gifts at diamond Jubilee 2,500.000
Jewels, etc. 1,000,000
Real estate in this country 2,500.000
Total $49,000,000
Questions Aliont Lincoln.
Milwaukee Sentinel.
When Senator Quarles speaks of Lin
coln's surprise at finding himself superior
in mental power to the great men at
Washington, whom he had long looked up
to, he touched upon one of the moments
in Lincoln's ca'reer about which it would
be particularly Interesting to have a full
record of Lincoln's own thoughts. In
deed, among the many merits of the Sen
ator's address, insight, knowledge, good
English, the most signal is perhaps Just
his power to suggest questions, to re
awaken the Interest of hia hearers in a
character which no one has ever perfect
ly understood.
Imperfect Civilization.
Indianapolis Press.
"Would you?" asked the grocery loaf
er, "call Carrie Nation a civilized Na
tion?" "Not entirely," said the Cornfed Phil
osopher in reply. "She resembles the
great nations in claiming to carry on
the work of the Lord, but sho doesn't
take any loot'
MANNERS OF AMERICANS IN EUROPE
New Tork Times.
A contributor to The Baltimore Sun
makes, from what seems to have been
personal observation, the statement thut
the bold, aggressive, bragging Ameri
cans, Intensely proud of themselves and
their country, who were once the most
noticeable, if not the most numerous,
representatives of the United States
among the foreigners residing in or
traveling through Europe, are now very
rarely to be encountered there, their
places having been taken by Americans
of an entirely different sort. A spirit of
humility, due, the writer thinks, chiefly
to novels in which our own authors pic
tured with cruel fidelity the ignorant,
noisy, and vulgar American tourist, now
finds frequent Illustration. Occasionally
a tired business man or a homesick
young Westerner flaps his wings and
crows for th $ flag, but the typical Amer
ican abroad makes as little noise as pos
sible and takes frequent opportunity to
condemn, excuse or ridicule his country,
its inhabitants, and Its Institutions. And
men are not the only or the worst sin
ners in this respect. "The attitude of the
vulgar American women abroad," says
the writer, "is that of servile imitation
of Continental manners and customs:
that of the cultivated American one of
timid reaching out and apology. A wom
an who has lived here all her life, owes
per position, her fortune, her very ca
pacity to travel to her native land, will
tell you to avoid a certain hotel lest you
meet your fellow-country men and wom
en, and 'so like an American is their fa
vorite phrase of depreciation." In other
words, the pendulum has swung from
one extreme to the other. And the result
Is described as a decrease, not an increase,
of respect for Americans on the part of
Europeans. They laughed at the old-time
bragging, but they believed in a good deal
of It. The slurs of America by Amer
icans they accept as necessarily well
founded ,and probably Inaccurate only In
Being too mild. Tne exuea novelists
should Instantly study the new type and
hold it up to attention and disgust. Then
our travelers may shun both extremes
and come to rest at the golden mean.
The combination of patriotism and self
respect with modesty and manners ought
not to be ImposRible.
The Next Electoral College.
Milwaukee Sentinel.
When the next president Is elected the
number of votes necessary to assure his
election In the electoral college will be
239 Instead of 224 as it was in the recent
election. The addition of 29 representa
tives to the lower house of Congress
means an addition of 29 votes- to the
electoral college. The change In the elec
toral college can be seen In the following
table:
ElecElec.
vote. vote.
Elcc. Elec.
vote. vote.
1000. 1004.
1900. 10O4
Alabama
11
Nevada 3
3
Arkansas ..
California .
Colorado . . .
Connecticut
8
0
4
C
New Hamp.... 4
New Jersey... 10
4
12
39
12
4
23
4
34
4
0
4
12
IS
3
4
New York ... 30
North Car.... 11
Delaware
3
North Dakota 3
Florida 4
Ohio 23
Georgia .... 13
Idaho 3
Illinois 24
Indiana .... 15
Iowa 13
Kansas 10
Kentucky ... 13
Louisiana .. 8
Maine 0
Maxvland ... 8
Oregon 4
Penn 32
Rhode Island 4
South Car.... 0
South Dakota 4
Tennessee ... 12
Texas 15
Utah 3
Vermont ...... 4
Virginia 12
12
5
7
13
3
Mass 15
1C Washington
Michigan ...
Minnesota ..
Mississippi .
Missouri ....
Montana . . .
Nebraska .. .
There are
14
W. Va.
o
o
17
.1
. S
lWlconln ..
101 Wyoming ..
181
31 Total3 447 470
81
votes gained by the
nine
Southern states, and 21 by the rortnern
states. According to the results of the
election in 1900, 19 of these additional
votes go to republican states and 10 to
democdatlc states, Colorado being the
onfy northern demochatlc state that
gains a representative. Were the next
election t6 be contested with the same
results as this year, the Republican ma
jority In the electoral college would, -therefore,
be Increased by nine votes.-
The January Fire Loss.
New Tork Journal of Commerce.
The fire loss of the United States and
Canada during the month of January, as
compiled from our records, shows a total
of $16,574,950. This is a heavy increase
over the figures for the same month in
1SD9 and 3900, as will be seen from the
following comparison:
1S99. 1000. 1901.
January ...$10,71S,000 $11,755,300 $10,574,050
During January there were 234 fires of
a greater destructlveness than $10,000
each. A 4etalled list of these losses ap
pears upon the Insurance page. They
may be classed as below:
$ 10 000 to $
20.000 to
30.000 to
60.000 to
20.000 90
30.000 39
50.000 41
75.CO0 19
100,000 15
200.000 21
2,750,000 0
75.000 to
100.000 to
200,000 to
Total 234
The principal fires during January were
these:
Sheboygan. "Wis., coal dock and other.? 200,000
Brooklyn steamers and warehouses.. 480.000
Cincinnati. O.. theater and other 320.000
Des Moines, la., department store.... 007,000
Baltimore, Md., show building and
animals 215,000
New Tork City, cigar-box factory
and silk-label factory 1,140.000
Montreal, wholesale millinery store.. 2SO.00O
Montreal. Board of Trade building
and wholesale stores 2,750,000
Montreal, butter and cheese ware
houses 200,000
Fire underwriters suffered severely last
month, as In all important fires the prop
erty was Insured to practically full value.
"With an increased fire loss and extor
tionato taxation threatened the outlook
for their business Is still not very en
couarglng. A Model Retraction.
New Tork Times.
Many of our readers will no doubt re
member that a few days ago we drew
some conclusions unfavorable to the Rev.
Dr. Ament, one of the representatives in
China of the American Board of Foreign
Missions, from a dispatch published in
the Sun of December 24. The Rev. Dr.
Judson Smith, secretary of the board,
has written a long and interesting letter
to the Tribune to vindicate his represen
tative from the imputations contained In
this report of an interview with him. He
emotes from a letter of Dr. Ament, writ
ten, November 13. giving an account of
the same transactions to which the dis
patch referred, and putting an entirely
different face upon them. The dispatch
says that "wherever Mr. Ament went he
compelled the Chinese to pay," that he
had collected 300 taels for each murder,
and "had assessed fines amounting to 13
times the amount of the indemnity." He
was also made to say that "the soft hand
of the Americans is not as good as the
mailed fist of the Germans." In his own
letter he says the compensation for the
losses of converts obtained by him had
been obtained "by appealing to the sense
of justice among the villages where our
people lived." The two versions of Dr.
Ament's behavior, of which one Is Indis
putably authentic, are virtually incom
patible. It seems that we have been led
into doing an injustice to him by adopt
ing the less authentic In Ignorance of the
more authentic. In that case we have to
express our sincere regret.
Huxley's Epitaph.
In "The Life and Letters of Huxley,"
recently published by his son, there Is
a brief passage curiously In contrast with
what had been the apparent tenor and
trend of his life-long teaching. It occurs
in what he had chosen for his own epi
taph. The verses were written by his wife,
and they appear to voice the general
human Instinct that, after all, God does
exist and death does not end all. The
epitaph is:
And if there be no meeting past the grave,
If all is darkness, silence, yet 'tis rest.
Be not afraid, ye waiting hearts that weep,
For God still "glveth his beloved sieep."
And if an endless sleep he wills so best.
NOTE AND COMMENT
"Did the charter get through?"
and came out on the other side."
"Tes,
"We suppose there is no law against
close shaves on Sunday outside of bar
ber shops.
Cuba is expected to declare the United
States entirely unnecessary, except to
have around when needed.
It Is nine years until the next census,
so that there is no pressing need for Se
attle to stamp out smallpox. '-
Bryan has not announced lately that he
is not a candidate for Senator. The fact
is he has not had to do it.
Roosevelt says all the hunting tales
about him are lies. That is pretty hard
on the Colonel's strenuous reputation.
If John Marshall Is within hearing ho
must be wondering how so many editors
knew more about the Constitution than
he did.
Homer Davenport accepted an Invitation
to address the Oregon Senate the other
day. The courtesy was no reflection on
Mark Hanna.
From the Spanish armada down to the
present is a far cry, but the upheaval In
Spain shows that its people are review
ing their history.
If the Indian war veterans who went to
Washington got no pensions for their
pains, they got at least a good time for
their trip and for that $2000.
It would be a transcendent courtesy if
Clatsop County would buy the fishwheels
which are about to be outlawed in its
favor, since It Is going to have the salmon
industry all to Itself. Such a token would
be a sign of altruism, unmistakable.
Kipling has found time to administer
some of his sharp pen pricks to the anti
quated railroad accommodations of Great
Britain, and he winds up by suggesting
that all those who have a grievance
against the railroad management should
write to each director personally and keep
on writing till the directors became dis
tracted. Next he proposes that billboards
be erected by the side of the tracks and
covered with sarcastic placards in large
letters, and, finally, that when by acci
dent a train arrives on time the public
should overwhelm the company with
mock applause.
"Cheap opera-glasses are an abomina
tion," said an eye specialist the other day.
There is no doubt about this. I have
made a special study of the matter. Lots
of eyes are nearly ruined by them. I find
this particularly true of young girls who
go a great deal to the theater and who
seem, to think they must have opera -glasses.
To their way of thinking an
opera-glass is an opera-glass, and that's
all there Is to it. So they buy cheap ones,
and then wonder why their eyes are giv
ing them so much trouble, and why they
have such headaches. Unless the very
best lenses are used, I should advise
everybody to taboo opera-glasses. The
farther from tho stage one is the better
and more perfect the glasses should be.
Exactly the reverse of this 13 actually
the case, for the people who sit in the
rear seats or in the balcony are usually
the ones who have tho poorest glasses."
"When Washington was proceeding
from Mount "Vernon to New Tork, In
1739, to be Inaugurated as the first Presi
dent of the United States," recalled-a Ess
ton man tho other day, "his passing
through the several cities en route was
made the occasion for magnificent demon
strations, tho most notable of which was
at Philadelphia. An early historian tell3
us that General Arthur St. Clair headed
the local notable who went out from Phil
adelphia to meet and receive the President-elect;
that the city was filled with
people, and that triumphal arches had
been erected over many of the streets.
While passing bareheaded beneath one of
the arches erected for the occasion, tho
historian tells us, Washington was re
quested to stop. He did so, and a young
woman 'placed on his brow the laurel
wreath of victory." Just imagine some
one stopping the inaugural procession
next 4th of March and placing a 'laurel
wreath of victory on tho brow of Presi
dent McKinley. From all over the coun
try would go up the cry that on Emperor
was being crowned. Even if McKinley
should do as Caesar did on the Lupercal
and push the crown away, the 'antis'
could not be made believe McKinley did
not frown, as Caesar did, because the
populace cheered the act."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERJ
Theodore He went so far as to call mo a
puppy! Harriet And at your age! The Idea!
Boston Transcript.
A Bargain. "Tes, Flora married a titled
foreigner; for all she isn't so very rich. He Is
the last of his race." "Oh, well, remnants
always come cheap, you know." Philadelphia
Evening Bulletin.
Hopeless. "My volume of poems is filled
with typographical errors!" cried the poet.
yes," replied tho disgusted publisher. "Even
the proofreader seems to have balked at read
ing it through." Philadelphia North Amer
ican. Disproved. Parke I know your wifo didn't
like It because you brought me home unex
pectedly to dinner last night. Lane Nonsense!
"Why, yon hadn't been gone five minutes be
fore she remarked that she was glad it waa
no one else but you. Harper's Bazar.
A "Woman's Reason. She I bought this Chip
pendale chair for you, dear. He That's ver
kind of you. But er I don't think it's Chip
pendale. She Yes, dear, It must be. Th
man said It wasn't oak, and I know It Isn't
mahogany. So it must be Chippendale.
Punch.
One Blessing. Mrs. Isolate (of Lonelyvllle,
helping to extinguish Are In their cottage with
the watering pot) Hasn't the volunteer h03e
company come yet, Ferdinand? Isolate (re
lieved, working with bucket) Yes, my dear;
but, thank heavens, their hose is too short!
Puck.
That Boy Again. Mrs. Bllkins (sweetly) Do
have another piece of cake. Cousin John.
Cousin John "Why. really, I've already had
two; but It's so good I believe I will have an
other. Little Johnnie (excitedly) Ma's a win-,
ner! Ma's a winner! She said she'd bet you'd
make a pig of yourself! Brooklyn Life.
The World's Two Questions.
S. E. Klser In Chicago Times-Herald.
The world has two questions ever
One for the woman, one for the man
And the world will have answers and never
"Withhold its approval or ban,
And these are the questions the world asfea
forever:
"How much has he won?"
And: "What has she done?"
Her face may be fair and her bearing
May stamp her as soulful and pure;
The world sees her worth without caring
If her name bear a stain 'twill endure;
Two quertlons the world asks forever, nona
sparing::
"How much has he won?"
And: "W,hat has she done?"
His manhood may never be doubted.
His wisdom may tower and spread.
But his worth Is unthought of or flouta
If It's all In his heart and his head
Two questions there are, to be whispered' or
shouted:
"How mnch has he won?"
And: "What has she done?"
V-