THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY FEBRUARY 8, 1901.
Dhe rggwuon
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POUTLAAD, FIIIDAY, FEBRUARY 8.
The Oregonlan could, if It chose, write
a great deal of matter on subjects be
fore the Legislature; but it refrains.
It could tender a great deal of advice,
but withholds IL It could put in a lot
of warning-, and a further lot of caustic
criticism, but will not. A Legislature
may as well be left to its own sweet
will. It will have its will, or its way,
anyhow. The forces that move a Leg
islature lie not in admonition, expos
tulation nor criticism. To an extent it
Is a creature of chance. Its acts are
resultants, as mathematicians would
say, of a vast variety of forces, whose
consequences can seldom be foreseen.
There is a tangled skein of interests,
opinions, prejudices and purposes, and
nobody can wind it off. Few measures
before a Legislature go on their own
merits. Most of them are mixed up
with party, faction, log-rolling Interest,
or political play. No argument, no ap
peal. Is good for anything against such
conditions. Legislatures, therefore, may
as well be let alone. The only appeal
that can have any real effect Is to be
made to the people at large, In follow
ing elections.
In Pennsylvania there Is an effort on
the part of the, barbers to obtain repeal
of the law that closes their shops on
Sunday, as in Oregon there is an effort
on the part of Journeymen barbers to
have a Sunday-closing law enacted.
Before the Legislature of Pennsylvania
the parties to the contention are now
trjlng to thresh It out The barbers In
that state want to open the shops on
Sunday mornings, but the Sunday-law
people, or Sabbatarians, oppose. It is
r..t a clash between the shop proprie
tors and journeymen, as here, but a
contention over the observance of Sun
day as a "holy day." The Philadel
phia Press says:
The effort of the barbers to obtain a repeal
cf the law closing their phops on Sunday will
have a latge share of sympathy from the pub
lic. It cannot be claimed that the opening of
barber shops for a few hours on the first day
cf the week detracts in any sense from the
solemnity and good order of the day. The
chips are not places of resort or centers of
noise or disturbance They are as orderly as
drug stores, the opening of which is not op
posed Custom has made It necessary for xnany
men to have & shave on Sunday, ami It Is no
desecration of the day that they should be ac
commodated. There have been many changes
In customs and habits since the law forbidding
eh;-s to be opened on Sunday was passed.
Its repeal now will be only an answer to the
demands of the time.
Fond parents of promising sons
"good boys," every one of them will
no doubt properly resent the declara
tion of Lawyer Shepherd, made in the
Municipal Court a few days ago, that
"no boy is a very good boy when he is
ycung, all having to learn what disci
Illne means," and thank the fates that
their sons were not born in a country
where boys are "larruped with the
tawse" a wretched Instrument of bar
barism, made of leather, the ends of
which are Are seasoned to make them
tough. This process, though warranted
to turn out orderly men and good citi
zens, may be all right for Scotland
the birthplace of Lawyer Shepherd
but the fiery, untamed American youth,
whether he be school-boy, choir-boy,
just an ordinary good boy or a street
gamin, will not submit to It not if his
parents can help it, and they think they
can. There are not many "mothers
bos" in these days of adolescent in
dependence, until some one advances
the old-fashioned idea that boys ought
to behave themselves or submit to dis
cipline. Then every culprit Is a moth
er's boy whose only offense is that his
playful moods are not understood by
unfeeling outsiders, who talk -of the
"tawse" and other odious means of dis
cipline. Next thing some bumptious
lawyer will have the effrontery to quote
Solomon, before the Police Court or
School Board, in supporting the obso
lete idea that "a boy must learn what
discipline means," and further stigma
tize himself as brutally old-fashioned.
One does not need to be a fruitgrower
to And many things of interest in the
rroceedings of the Northwest Fruit
growers' Association, whose annual con
vention was held in this city the pres
ent week. It is enough that he knows
good fruit and enjoys it, or wishes to
enjoy it, upon his table every day in
the year, to make him listen with in
terest, while men who have given the
close and careful attention of years to
applegrowing tell of ways and means
whereby the apple may be grown to
perfection throughout large areas of the
Pacific Northwest, while a very ordi
nary consumer one who is not so much
Interested in quality as in quantity,
hears with satisfaction that a standard
apple box of a designated number of
cubic Inches is to replace the haphazard
box of past seasons. These are, how
ever, personal considerations that give
a flavor of local interest to the ques
tion of applegrowing. Of much wider
significance are the suggestions relative
to our widening market. Transporta
tion facilities have practically elimi
nated distance from this problem of a
market. There is no reason why, in
this staple product of our orchards,
Minnesota and the nearer, though in
the matter of freight charges equally
far, Dakotas shall not be added in due
time to our market. Montana is likely
to be eliminated from the list in a few.
years, becoming herself a producer and
exporter of apples. But to the north of.
us and to the far East the market Is
open. It remains t for our orchardists
under proper commercial guidance and
co-operation to say whether they will
take a leading place in their markets
or not.
Not the least of the arguments
against the compulsory pilotage graft is
the personnel of the men who are push
ing the matter at Salem. Not a single
man who has the Interest of the city
or state at heart, or is in the slightest
manner interested in making this a
cheap and attractive port, Is endeavor
ing to force compulsory pilotage on this
port. None of the big shipping houses
or owners of water-front property, who
would certainly be the heaviest losers
by the discontinuance of any necessary
aid to shipping in this port, are making
any effort to have this bill passed, but,
on the contrary, are using their best
efforts to prevent the handicap again
being laid on our port. The best record
ever made by the Columbia River pilots
has been made in the past two years,
while there was no compulsory pilotage
on the river. Shipmasters no longer ap
proach the pilots and humbly ask for
their services in going up and down
the river. In the case of sailing vessels,
the towboat pilots take them through
promptly on time on orders from their
employers, and with no unnecessary
delays on the way. With steamers, the
abolishment of compulsory pilotage has
left an open field, and the rivalry be
tween the pilots is so sharp that none
but the best men can secure ships, the
others being retired or sent to Salem to
beg the state again to provide them
with a living. If the merits of these
pilots who are seeking the passage of
this law will not admit of their making
a living in competition with pilots who
are on the river attending to business,
a much less expensive method for tak
ing care .of them would be In the form
of a pension. Portland has the same
pilotage system at the mouth of the
river as New York, Boston, San Fran
cisco and other seaports. There Is no
compulsory pilot system between Port
Costa and San Francisco, and none is
needed between Portland and Astoria.
A CREDIT Olt NOTHING.
If Oregon is to be represented at the
Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo,
Its representation should be a credit to
the state. From the estimate made up
by the commissioners it is apparent
that $30,000 is the least sum that can
be used with good effect. These esti
mates are as follows:
Freight on exhibits $ 4,000
Freight on exhibits, returning 1,500
Collecting forestry exhibit 1,500
Collecting mining exhibit 1,500
Collecting agricultural exhibit 600
Collecting horticultural exhibit 1,000
Collecting educational exhibit 00
Collecting flne art exhibit 500
-Installing exhibits 1,000
Advertising, all kinds 7,500
Help 10.000
Miscellaneous expenses 1,000
Total $30,800
California is spending 5GO.O0O, "Wash
ington 540,000, Idaho $25,000. In view
of the impression it is desired to create
at Buffalo in favor of the Lewis and
Clark centennial at Portland in 1905, an
appropriation of $50,000 for Oregon
would not be amiss. The sum of $30,000
is little enough, and should be given
gladly.
The complaint Is often heard that no
body In the East ever hears of Oregon
or Portland, while Washington State
and Seattle are well known. One rea
son for this inequality Is the willing
ness of our northern neighbors to pay
the price of advertising their resources
and advantages. Washington has
promptly set aside $40,000 for an ex
hibit at Buffalo, and as usual there are
protests against even a less expendi
ture here.
A good way to kill the Lewis and
Clark centennial is to start In with a
programme of parsimony toward simi
lar enterprises elsewhere.
THE CRAXKDOM OF KANSAS.
Mrs. Nation is a rioter in petticoats;
nevertheless, the Kansas Christian
Temperance Union has voted to give
her a gold medal, a temperance organi
zation in Massachusetts has passed a
resolution commending her work, and a
New Jersey preacher has applauded
her antics from his pulpit But all the
temperance folk have not yet gone daft
over this ginmill Iconoclast, for the
Cambridge, Mass., W. C. T. U. has
unanimously condemned Mrs. Nation,
who has insulted the sober common
sense of the country to which the tem
perance cause must appeal. There is
nothing remarkable in the sudden erup
tion of Mrs. Nation. She is nothing but
another expression of the mob spirit
that has always pervaded Kansas,
which has always been inhabited by
that worst of all lawless people, viz.,
those who are continually pleading "the
higher law" of what they term their
conscience as a justification for their
lawlessness. Certain Kansas men are
not satisfied to let the law take its
course with a negro murderer, so they
proceed to "go as they please" and
burn him to death at the stake.
Kansas has never been a sober state,
no matter whether she had prohibition
In her fundamental law or not. It has
been a prohibitionist, a populist, a fiat
money fool; it has without moderation
damned ex-Confederate soldiers and
then has elected an ex-Confederate sol
dier to the United States Senate. It
has been everything by turns and noth
ing long. It has been just such a state
as might be expected from the fact that
its first settlers were composed about
equally of enthusiastic ruffians and
ruffianly enthusiasts. David R. Atchi
son and his "border ruffians" from
Missouri could plead "the higher law"
quite as eloquently to their band of pro
slavery squatters as John Brown could
to his band of abolitionist outlaws.
This was the kind of creatures that
stood around the cradle of "bleeding
Kansas." During the Civil "War Quan
trell's guerrillas murdered Union men
in cold blood, and Kansas "Jay Hawk
ers" did likewise. Kansas has been
crankdom during all Its state life. .Noisy
enthusiasts and vociferous charlatans
have thus far fixed the fate of hysteri
cal Kansas. Its Senators In Congress
have always been fools like Peffer or
accomplished demagogues like Ingall3
and Plumb, evangelists of dishonest
money and populism.
"With a wild war whoop of satisfac
tion, Kansas several years ago planted
prohibition in the constitution. Liquor
selling is unlawful in the state today,
but the people of the state, while lack
ing the manhood to repeal the prohibi
tion amendment, have enacted legisla
tion that virtually licenses liquor-selling
in every township, for in 1S93 a stat
ute was passed providing that liquor
sellers should pay a certain fine when
arrested for illegal traffic, and should
not be arrested more than twice a year,
so that license fees are collected in
form of fines for violation of the law.
The authorities have thus permitted the
saloons to multiply so rapidly in viola
tion of the constitution of Kansas that
there are 117 saloons in Leavenworth
and more than 100 in Topeka. No won
der that a state whose authorities are
openly engaged in constantly violating
their own fundamental law breeds law
lessness. No wonder there is a mob
one day In Leavenworth burning a
negro and the next day a desexed
woman leading an anti-saloon mob in
Topeka.
PRIMARY ELECTION LAWS.
What is known as the Day primary
election law has been applied to Hen
nepin County, Minnesota, which in
cludes the City of Minneapolis, with so
much success that it is now proposed
to enact such a law in Wisconsin for
all elections, local, state and Congres
sional. The Governor of Wisconsin ad
vocates the scheme, and a bill embody
ing it has been introduced In the Leg
islature which will probably be enact
ed. This measure sweeps away all po
litical conventions; the rank and file
of the party name the candidates, the
candidates make the platform after the
nomination; caucuses and conventions
are abolished. To secure a place on the
official primary ballot, under the so
called Day law, each one must secure
names to the number of 5 per cent of
the number of votes that the party cast
In the previous city election for the
same position. The names thus in
dorsed are then presented to the City
Auditor or other designated official,
within eleven days of the date of the
primary election, and each candidate
so indorsed pays a fee of $10 as a con
tribution to the expense of preparing
the ballots.
At the appointed time the Auditor
groups the candidates by offices and
delivers the tickets to the printer, post
ing sample ballots in a public place.
Each party is accorded a separate bal
lot, and independent nominations are
accorded a separate ballot when backed
by 10 per cent of the voters, only those
parties being officially recognized other
wise which cast at least 10 per cent of
the total vote at the next previous
election. The primary .elections are
held on the same day for all parties,
and In the same places and manner as a
final election is held. The voter goes to
the polling-place. Is recognized as hav
ing registered, and is then given two
ballots, one for each party, or three or
four ballots If so many parties are in
the field. He marks In seclusion the
names he prefers on the ballot of the
party he wishes to act with, folds all
the ballots together, and deposits them
In the box. The primary Is kept open
until 9 P. M., and the regular election
f officers then proceed to count the votes.
The name among several which re
ceives the most votes becomes the nom
inee of the party at the approaching
election. If a person marks more than
one ballot, that alone figures In the
count on which there are the most
marks. The other ballots In the indi
vidual bunch are cast aside.
Mr. Day, the author of the law, says
in a letter to the Chicago Record that
the votes cast at the recent primary
or nominating elections in Minneapolis
under the first trial of the law ex
ceeded by 10 per cent the number cast
in the city at the previous state elec
tion. The pending Wisconsin measure
provides for the nomination of Presi
dential Electors by the state central
committee of each party, but otherwise
it would extend the Day primary elec
tion plan to all nominations save
Judges, and town, village and school
district officers. The .delegates to the
National party conventions under the
Wisconsin bill would be elected by the
people, the four at large by the voters
throughout the state, and the district
delegates by the voters of the Congres
sional districts. All party conventions,
state and local, would be abolished.
The judicial candidates are nominated
by petition, and this would continue to
be the case. The state party platforms
are to be promulgated by a gathering
of the nominees of each party for state
and legislative offices, and all voting
on the adoption of the platform must be
by roll-call, so that each candidate
shall be put on record as to his princi
ples and policies. Such a law was In
dorsed by the Wisconsin Republican
state platform at the last election, and
Is advocated by the Governor.
NEED A "REFORMER" BE A FOOL?
When Ralph Waldo Emerson was
asked to join a "reform association,"
he declined, saying that it had always
taken all his time, and attention to
achieve half-way reform within himself,
and that he was not arrogant enough,
with his own personal reformation
sadly incomplete, to assume to reform
others. Mr. Emerson thought "moral
reformers" were prone to the vice of
self.-rlghteousness rather than to the
Christian virtue of humility. He had
observed that many persons in their
anxiety for the reformation of their
neighbors neglected to reform them
selves. He believed that the best
"moral reform" work was self-reformation
on the part of the individual. Suc
cess in this direction was the shortest
road to the salvation of society, while
"moral reform associations" were in
danger of losing their own souls In their
feverish anxiety over the possible fate
of others.
Here in Portland the Rev. Ray
Palmer Is so dull In his moral sense
that, while deploring "the strong tend
ency In America to ignore law," he
glorifies Mrs. Nation, who is a law
breaker. She Is a riotous person. She
has not been clothed with any legal
powers to destroy the property of
"joint-keepers." Mrs. Nation is not an
officer of the law authorized to confis
cate the goods of those who keep places
for the illegal sale of liquor. Two
wrongs do not make a right, and be
cause the authorities of Kansas have,
in contempt of the state constitution,
practically licensed the sale of liquor
by allowing liquor "joints" to exist oh
payment of periodical fines, is no rea
son why Mrs. Nation is free to destroy
the property of persons whom she
deems violators of the law.
The situation does not differ practi
cally from what has recently been the
fact here In Portland, when Illegal
gambling was permitted by "public
graft." Suppose the authorities had
declined to shut up the gambling
houses and decided to continue the pub
lic graft in defiance of the law would
some "Mrs. Nation" here, whose worth
less son had lost his money at cards,
been worthy of moral glorification If
she had with her ax demolished the fix
tures of a gambling-house? We think
not. Mrs. Nation is a fool, who assumes
that because the authorities in Kan
sas do not enforce the prohibitory law
she has a right in law and morals to
"absolve" the lawbreakers with her ax.
Mrs. Nation Is a rioter; the leader of
a mob, and as richly deserves punish
ment for her pranks as any other crazy
Constable seeking to enforce the au
thority of Judge Lynch. The "temper
ance" reformer addicted to grossly in
temperate thought and speech is a just
subject of hearty contempt for every
man of sanity and intelligence. Dick
ens, in his "Pickwick Papers," has
drawn an accurate picture of the aver
age professional temperance evangelist
who does not know how to be a re
former without talking like a fool.
"Brother Tadgers" and the other
whoopers of "the Ebenezer Brick Lane,
Temperance Association" in "Pickwick
Papers," still live and move and have
their being today in "temperance
unions," whose speakers describe the
"Gottenburg system" as "nationalizing
vice" and favor "putting the liquor
traffic on the same plane with robbery
and burglary."
The temperance cause cannot afford
such intemperate speech. It can no
more afford to cut loose from common
sense, justice, truth and moderation
than religion can. The temperance
cause cannot afford to sink under one
common curse the temperate and the
drunkard without repulsing a very
large upright, intelligent and influen
tial public opinion. A common ory of
these arrogant moral cranks Is that to
them "prohibition is religion." On the
other hand, to thousands of men at
least as wise, as good and as useful as
these Intemperate thinkers and talkers,
prohibition Is not a religion at all. It
was not religion to Washington, to
Sumner, to Emerson, to Dean Stanley,
to Gladstone, to Matthew Arnold, to
Tennyson, to John Stuart Mill, to Her
bert Spencer, to Huxley, to Lowell, to
Oliver Wendell Holmes, to Longfellow,
to John A. Andrew, to Rev. Dr. Bar-
tol, to Archbishop Ireland, and a vast
number of other great and good and
useful men, some of whom were total
abstainers, and all of whom deemed it
legislation born of Utopia to try to keep
the whole world sober by statute. Your
modern, prohibitionist is intellectually
and morally derived from the ancient
Puritan who was described by Macau
lay as prohibiting bear-baiting, not be
cause of any sympathy felt for the
bear", but because it gave pleasure to
the spectators.
Of the Army officers promoted under
the new law, Lieutenant-General Miles
will be retired in 1903; Major-General
Young Jn 1904, while General MacArthur
will not be retired until 1909. Major
General Chaffee entered the regular
Army as an enlisted man in 1861, and Is
about 59 years of age. General Schwan,
who began his career as a private sol
dier in the Tenth United States Infan
try in 1857, will probably soon be re
tired. Brigadier-General Robert H.
Hall must be near the age of retire
ment, as he was graduated from West
Point in 18C0. Brigadier-Generals S. S.
Sumner, George W. Davis, George M.
Randall, Lloyd Wheaton, John C. Bates
and Robert P. Hughes are all gradu
ates of the Civil War and are not less
than 60 years of age. The promotion
of Colonel Chaffee, of the Eighth Cav
alry, to be Major-General in the regu
lar Army, is without recent precedent
in the history of the Army, but is in
tended as a recognition of Colonel Chaf
fee's great services in the field before
Santiago and in the march to Pekin. If
Qeneral MacArthur is relieved from the
chief command in the Philippines, it Is
probable that Major-General Chaffee
will succeed him, as he Is excellently
fitted by his long service in Indian war
fare to bring to a speedy close the guer
rilla warfare In Luzon.
It is now thought probable, as an ob
server of wide experience at Washing
ton declares, that the shipping subsidy
bill will pass the Senate before the end
of the month, and go to the House,
where, it is asserted, "opposition among
Republicans is widespread, and were
the ballot to be secret the measure
would stand little chance of passage."
The same authority says: "It will be a
tussle of strength between the great
forces behind the subsidy, Including Mr.
Hanna and the party regularity idea
for which he stands, and the natural
reluctance of men who believe a sub
sidy to be wrong in principle and Its
application politically Inexpedient. The
Indiana delegation and the Iowa dele
gation are said to be solid against the
bill, and that it is their present inten
tion so to vote. Mr. Burton (Rep. O.)
tellsrhis friends that the bill will be
beaten in the House.'1 In matters of
this kind the House is always safer
than the Senate. Its members are
nearer the people, and must sooner take
their chances for re-election.
An Astoria paper says: "The Orego
nian is making a great outcry because
the river pilots have asked the passage
of a compulsory pilotage bill. If The
Oregonian is so very much Interested
In the welfare of the Columbia ship
ping industry, why doesn't it advocate
the passage of a bill abolishing compul
sory towage charges? If a vessel makes
port under her own sail, she must pay
the towage charge when going to sea
just as if she had engaged the service
of a tug both in and out of the harbor."
It is necessary to maintain both tow
age and pilotage at the entrance of the
Columbia River. Pilotage on the river
Is a very different thing, because the
conditions are ail different. The tow
boat can carry the vessel up and down
the river, with safety and dispatch, and
a separate pilot, with his "compul
sory" fees, Is an unnecessary burden
to commerce.
The Oregonlan will not oppose the
purchase of a statue of Senator Baker,
to be placed In the Capitol at Salem;
vfor Baker's matchless eloquence and
patriotic sacrifice are yet a memory,
and should be an everlasting memory.
But The Oregonian still must say that
Baker's family made a sad mistake
when it caused his remains, borne from
the battle-field, to be interred at San
Francisco, rather than In the soil of
Oregon. Had the interment been in
Oregon, years ago a fitting monument
would have been erected to his mem
ory. Baker's words, read after this
lapse of time, are still an Inspiration for
patriotism. They start the pulsations
of the heart; they move the spirit; they
stir the blood like the notes of a bugle.
The remains of Baker should yet be
removed to Oregon.
Representative White, of North Caro
lina, the only colored Congressman,
who goes out of offlce with this session,
recently made a speech valedictory of
his race, closing as follows:
Mr. Chairman, In the trial of Lord Bacon,
when the court disturbed the counsel for the
defendant. Sir Walter Raleigh raised himself
up to his full height, and, addressing the court,
said:
"Sir. I am pleading tor the lire of a human
being."
Tho only apology that I have to make for
the earnestness with which I have spoken la
that I am pleading for the life, the liberty,
the future happiness and manhood suffrage for
one-eighth of tho entire population ot the
United States.
Mr. White's historical Illustration
provokes a smile, as Sir Walter Raleigh
had been dead about two years when
Bacon was put on trial. It is probable
that Mr. White was thinking of Dan
ton, who, when Interrupted in his speech
by the president of the revolutionary
tribunal, exclaimed: "The voice of a
man pleading for his life ought to si
lence your bell."
A bill has been introduced by Repre
sentative Mattoon, of Douglas County,
providing a bounty of from 3 to 5 cents
for crows scalps. The honorable mem
ber, In connection with this bill, ar
raigns the crow as an "egg-sucker,"
and offers to bring the testimony of 1000
good and true citizens of his county to
substantiate the charge. The state
should by all means bend Its energies
toward the extermination of this black
and graceless robber of other birds'
nests. There are hawks, too, that
should be looked after, and skunks and
weasels and other "varmints" of preda
tory nature, that have a fondness for
raw eggs and nestlings. All of these
should be hunted down and scalped,
and the bill for so signal a public serv
ice sent to the State Treasurer, to the
end that game birds may not be de
stroyed in embryo, and the pleasures
of sportsmen curtailed by feathered and
furred "egg-suckers."
The plea of insanity in the case of the
youth Clyde Vaughn, of Jefferson, who
in a fit of jealousy committed a mur
derous assault with an ax upon Lulu
Jones, several months ago, calling the
girl from her seat In the schoolroom
for that purpose, has been denied and
he will be put on trial In due time for
his very grave offense. While It Is prob
able that the boy Is not up to the aver
age in intelligence, his chief deficiency
seems to be in the power of self-control.
Upon this point, as shown by his fero
cious assault upon the girl, with whom
he thought himself in love, he is mani
festly unfit to be at large. His commit
ment to the Asylum, as desired by his
father, would be but temporary, and
not in any sense a punishment. The
safety of society demands that un
tamed human animals should, when
caught red-handed, be so securely caged
as to cut off entirely their opportunity
for deadly mischief.
The continued and serious illness of
Mr. L. B. Cox affords cause for grave
concern to his friends, and they are
the number of his acquaintances. His
life in Portland for many years has
been an inspiration of good to all with
whom he has come in contact. As a
lawyer above reproach, as a true pa
triot, as a citizen who bears the com
munity's interests sincerely at heart, as
a devoted husband and father, as a
kind neighbor and steadfast friend, his
character and services are among those
assets of community life which, once
taken away, can never be replaced. The
city and the state hope ardently for
his recovery. His loss would be irre
parable. His place cannot be filled.
Queen Wllhelmina of Holland was
born August 31, 1880, and is the young
est sovereign in Europe. Alfonso XIII
of Spain Is but 15 years old, but he is
still In his minority, the government
of Spain being intrusted to his mother,
the Queen Regent. The oldest sover
eign in Europe is the present King of
Denmark, who is S3; King Oscar of
Sweden Is 72; the Emperor of Austria
is 71; the King of Saxony 73; the King
of Belgium 66; the Czar of Russia is 33;
the Emperor of Germany Is 42; the King
of Italy is 32; the King of Bavaria Is
53; the King of Greece is 56; the Sultan
of Turkey is 59; the King of Portugal
is 38, and the King of Servla is 25.
The duties of life tread closely upon
the heels of death. The life of one in
dividual, however valuable to the com
munity, or the state, is not indispensa
ble to Its happiness, except briefly, or
to Its prosperity. The King of Eng
land, but now so grief-stricken in the
presence of death, has already regained
his cheerfulness, and the English peo
ple who mourned their Queen sincerely
last week ask that the period of public
mourning for her be materially short
ened. This is well. The needs and
pleasures of the living are paramount
to sorrow for the dead.
Combination of the vast iron and steel
Interests of the country has been com
pleted. It Is a great syndicate, which
will control" product and make prices.
Time has come when protective tariff
should be wholly withdrawn. Refusal
to withdraw it, together with enactment
of such schemes as the ship subsidy
bill, will be interpreted by the country t
as putting the Republican party wholly'
on the side of monopoly and vast
wealth, and will most certainly turn It
out of power. The Issues on which
the next elections will turn are being
made up now.
The law creating the State Board of
Barbers' Examiners ought to be re
pealed. The only effect of the law Is to
provide picnic excursions, with accom
paniments, the year round, for a few
official dead beats. But as this was its
object, it, must be said that it fulfills
Its purpose better than some other laws.
Brownell's resolution for a constitu
tional convention probably will not be
adopted. It would reopen the question
as to the state capital and location of
all the state Institutions. If ever we
get a constitutional convention this
business will be ripped up from the bottom.
NEEDS OP OREGON FRUIT INDUSTRY
The year 1900 witnessed a remarkable
revival of Interest and work among the
fruitgrowers of our state.
Tho entomologist and the spray pump
contributed largely to that revival. Ex
periment followed experiment and grad
ually fruitgrowers became convinced that
they were masters of the situation and
could repel the attacks of pernicious scale
and other Insect enemies which threatened
the destruction of their orchards.
Another cause of renewed Interest was
the constantly expanding rame of the ex
cellence of our horticultural products and
the Increased demand for them, that fol
lowed. The apple crop last year was a phenom
enal one, not only In Oregon but In near
ly all apple growing countries, and It
seemed inevitable that the markets must
be paralyzed. Such, however, was not
the case and fairly remunerative prices
were realized. This was owing probably
to wide areas of distribution, rendered
possible by transcontinental and ocean
lines of transportation. Oregon apples in
1900 were distrubuted to a small extent
half way around our glooe. A slip of pa
per placed In a box of Hood River apples
requesting consumers to communicate
price paid and quality of fruit, was an
swered by a man in New Orleans. "Price
$2 50; quality, splendid." "While a soldier
in the Philippines reports: "Apples ar
rived In perfect condition."
I have before me at this writing a letter
from the owner of a boat on the Yukon
River, stating that Gravestelns arrived at
Dawson In flne condition last Fall, and In
quiring as to what other varieties will be
in season for shipment before the river
closes in September.
And yet another letter, requesting that
samples of our choicest apples be ex
pressed to the largest fruit-dealer in Fin
land, as he thinks he can handle large
quantities if they are equal to the repu
tation that has preceded them. The presst
the Columbian and Trans-Mlsslsslppl Ex
positions, our Board of Horticulture and
our fruit-dealers have all contributed to
this wide diffusion of knowledge relative
to Oregon fruits.
Oregon has an unlimited amount of land
adapted to the production of fruits that
no country can excel, and they will be
produced If markets can be assured. We
aro teaching Europe to use Indian meal,
made from Mississippi Valley corn, and
why not Introduce our splendid fruits
fresh, evaporated and canned to the pal
ates of the spunky little Japs and the
Czar's subjects In vast Siberia. The De
partment of Agriculture sent one of our
wise men to France to study the prune,
and why should it not send a competent
party to exploit the markets of Eastern
Asia for the products of our orchards?
In answer to your inquiry as to needed
legislation, I have little to suggest. The
state Is divided into Ave horticultural dis
tricts with a Commissioner for each.
These districts are too large and we rec
ommended that they De increased to
seven. In order to reduce their size. Tht
law provides for the appointment of dep
uty inspectors, but no provision is made
for their compensation. This should be
remedied, as it Is utterly impossible for
one man to watch all the points of ship
ment In his district. Iror instance, while
Commissioner Reynolds is on duty at Sa
lem, there is nothing to prevent the ship
ment of infested fruits from Albany or
Eugene. This matter of inspection and
the enforcement of wholesome regulations
I consider of great importance. It com
mences with the young trees In the nur
sery and nursery stock', and extends to
the orchards and fruits offered for sale
or shipment. Tho shipment of infested
trees or fruits is the prolific source of dis
tribution of all the enemies the fruitgrow
er has to contend with. It is utterly im
possible for the State Board of Horticul
ture, with its limited means and immense
territory to do this work thoroughly along
the lines contemplated by the statute,
except in the nurseries and a portion of
the orchards. The Postofflce Department
recognizing the danger of new pests from
our insular possessions, has directed that
all plants coming through the mails into
Oregon from these places shall be re
ferred to our State Board for examination.
Recognizing our inability to cover the
entire matter of inspection, we have en
deavored to build up a sentiment for the
voluntary observance of the law and with
partial .success. Unsound apples were
shipped to California last year, and
hawked about the streets of San Fran
cisco as Oregon apples, to the discredit
of our state and the injury of our fruit
Industry. These shipments should never
have left the state, but, escaping the in
spector here, should have been condemned
on their arrival in San Francisco. It is
due to the man who raises clean, sound
fruit, that the markets should not be
demoralized by flooding them with the
diseased, unsprayed products of uncared
for orchards. Fruitgrowing in Oregon Is
a large and promising industry maintain
ing a large number of people. Our or
chards comprise over 60,000 acres, and in
addition we have many commercial nur
series and plantations of small fruits. A
large amount of capital Is also Invested
in our evaporators and canneries, and
these give employment to many laborers.
The value of our orchards alone au
proxlmates $6,000,000, and their product
for 1900 approached closely $2,000,000 In
value. Under intelligent direction this
Industry is capable of indefinite expan
sion. The latest facts gleaned from the
experiment stations In the field must be
collected and popularized, at times the
restraining power of the law Invoked by
some authorized agency. The annual ap
propriation of $4500 to defray the expenses
of the Board of Horticulture, consisting
of six Commissioners and secretary, in
cluding compensation and expenses travel
ing over districts larger than Eastern
states, including also the printing of bul
letins and current expenses of the secre
tary's office, Is quite inadequate to carry
out fully the scope of our horticultural
laws. E. L. SMITH.
Hood River, February 5.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIE11S
Precaution. "What are you doing for that
baby?" "I'm simply avoiding all the advice
my friends have given me." Harper's Bazar.
Butcher Leg o' mutton? Tes'm. Mrs. Do
Rlgeui-And let It bo off a black sheep, if you
please. We're in mourning, you know. Phila
delphia Record.
She Worried. Nlpp My wife worried all last
week for fear I should die. Tuck Were you
sick? Nlpp No; but my life insurance policy
ran out and It was several days before I got
it renewed. Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.
Failed to Work. "If you would always think
twice before you speak. Johnny, dear, you nev
er would get Into any of these troubles with
your playfellows." "Huh, you don't know
Arth Stapleford! Tou hain't got time to think
once 'fore ho hits yet" Chicago Tribune.
Sanitary Question. Ho gazed at the Individ
ual who was spread over four seats in a crowd
ed railway car and murmured: "May I ask
you a question?" The individual grunted as
sent. "Have the Government Inspectors exam
ined you yet for trichinosis?" Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
The Situation Appreciated. "Now," said the
envoy of civilization, "I'm going to tell you
the exact truth. And I trust you will keep
this Information to yourself." "I shall," said
the Chinese statesman. "I fully realize how
low you would fall In estimation of your fel
lows If it were known you had been telling
the truth." Indianapolis Press.
A Feline Slap. Tess It's quite likely that
my uncle will leave me quite a fortune. He's
dying, you know. Jess Oh. isn't that dis
tressing? Tess Er yes, I do feel sorry for
the poor old Jess Nonsense! I was sympa
thizing with you. dear. To think that all this
wealth should come to you when It's almost too
late to do you any good. Philadelphia Press. .
"Miss Minks," said the proprietor, "do you
know anything about the new minister who Is
going to have charge of the church in Have
lock street hereafter?" "yes," replied the
shop-woman. "He Is a tall, flne-looklng man,
about twenty-eight, and he isn't married."
"Miss Minks," said the proprietor, briskly,
"you may put all the new bonnets we have
In the front window." Tlt-Blts.
NOTE AND C0MMENX
The Queen is married. Long live Do
mestic Felicity.
Bernhardt has left Chicago, and Richard
Mansfield is himself again.
Mrs. Nation must be tired by this time.
She Is certainly in need of arrest.
Neely says all he wants is a fair trial
He may think differently after he has
had one.
There is one advantage of becoming an
officer in the Salvation Army. It Is not
necessary to be hazed.
Is Cleveland going to kill foxes, or only
to get a few pointers from them to use
in the next campaign?
The Cincinnati slug-fest has been sub
dued temporarily, but It Is likely to break
out In Nevada at any time.
If there Is a scalp bounty law In Colo
rado what a bill Roosevelt will have
against the state when he returns from
the chase!
A movement Is on foot to start a lob
ster factory In Maine. "Why Maine? Isn't
the raw material plentiful in every state
In the Union?
The Queen of Holland has married a
Duke, and some unfortunate American
heiress must go without one. The sup
ply Is limited.
When you see a man around a state
house who Is trying his best to keep from
being taken for a lobbyist, you will know
that that is his occupation.
Vote, brothers, vote with eare.
And always vote up in the air.
(The foregoing is respectfully dedicated
to the members of the Legislature.)
The King of England, It appears, has
been writing poetry in his youth. Ho
also once played baccarat, but as long
as he shows a disposition to reform, why
smirch him with the follies raked from
the dead embers of the post?
George Lynch, the English correspon
dent, recently said to his friends in
New York City "that for generations to
come the progress of Christianity In China
Is absolutely killed. It will be generations
before the recollections of this latest
atrocity Is erased from the momory of
the Chinese people."
The electric bells In the offices of the
various bureau chiefs of the War Depart
ment began to ring wildly the other day,
indicating that the heads of the depart
ments were wanted by the Secretary of
War. All went post-haste to the scene,
wondering who could have occasioned tho
"general alarm."
Mary had a little lamb.
Possessed of many rocks.
And also very much Inclined
To deal In railroad stocks.
The lambkin down on 'change ono day
Was spotted by a bear.
And when he left the pit he was
Away up in the air.
Now Mary has no little lamb,
For, having a great head.
She shook him when he lest hla fleece
And took the bear Instead.
"Well, gentlemen, what can I do for
you?" Inquired the Secretary in mild sur
prise when the delegation arrived.
"You rang, sir, did you not?"
"No, I have pot touched the bells."
Much mystery surrounded the affair un
til a messenger explained that he had dis
covered a little boy in the outer office
pounding with both fists the rows of push
buttons arranged on the desk. A lady had
called to see the Secretary, and, going Into
the inner private office, had left the young
man to amuse himself in he ouer bz
man to amuse himself in the o'Uter room.
Afternoon Tens In Xcw York,
New York Times.
Entering the parlor, the hostess greets
you and expresses pleasure at seeing you
there; then her eye wanders anxiously to
the door to see who is coming next. If
you do not take the hint, she says, "Alice
is In the next room, she will be so glad
to see you." You pass on. Alice says
she is glad to see you, and Immediately
polnt3 to the refreshments and Invites
you to move on. In the refreshment-room
a lady Is In charge whom you may not
know. Her conversation is strictly busi
ness, and brings the waiter to you, if
you desire to partake of anything by
yourself, for if you do not happen to see
some one with whom you aro acquainted
you are left to yourself; there are no
Introductions; there Is no time to stop tor
such amenities. If you linger at the re
freshments you feel that you are In tho
way, or may be suspected of not having
enough to eat at home. You say good-bye
to the hostess and leave. On the street
again you note the time six minutes
since you entered the house. Others are
arriving; others are leaving: the mill la
grinding them through 120 an hour. If
you meet other visitors with whom you
are acquainted you can prolong your stay
by conversing with them until you feel
that you are remarked as a wall flower,
but your Intercourse with the hostess and
family amounts to not more than two or
three minutes under favorable circum
stances. The Man Behind the Bar.
Chicago Times-Herald.
The man behind the gun may have a nerve
that's No. 1,
He may rush, without a tremor, on the foe.
But the danger he must face Is only as tho
merest fun
Compared with other terrors here belowt
When the women get their hatchets and
set out
To scatter costly glassware all about
When the wrought-up Mrs. Nations madly go
to Jam and Jar
When they hammer down the windows and
the doors,
WTien they spill the firewater on the floors.
It is worse than common warfare for the
man behind the bar.
And he's lucky to escape without a scar!
It may be a thrilling moment for tho man
behind the gun
When the decks are cleared for action, out
at sea.
But It's forty times more thrilling when a
dozen women run
Through the streets, dead set on letting liquor
they hold their spattered skirts up and
begin
To cut the hoops and knock the stoppers In
When they open up tho cases where the, fancy
Juices are
When they fiercely rush to tear the faucets
loose
When they render tho free lunch unfit for use
Then there's always something doing for the
man behind the bar
If he hasn't wisely sprinted fast and far.
Oh, the birds are sipping whisky from the cow
tracks all around.
See the streams ot seltzer spurting here and
there!
Behold the cloves and ceffee that are spilled
out on tho ground
Yonder goes a leather dice-box through the
air!
Newer faces are appearing In the fray.
And there's terror In the places where the
drink dispensers are,
For the sounds of falling mirrors swiftly
spread
The men who lift tha schooner drink la
dread.
And frem Kansas to Chicago folks are going
ferth to mar
The features of the man behind the feaxj