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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 5, 1901)
THE MOKNING OHEGONIAN, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1901. SDfre vzeomaxu Entered at the Pestefflee at Portland, Oregon, u second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms 1W Business Office... 6G7 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid), in Advance Daily, with Sunday, per mouth S S3 XaiJy, Suooa) excepted, per year 7 50 DaJ.y, with Sunday, per year 9 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 Toe Weekly, per year 1 60 The "Weekly, 3 months &0 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted.l5e Daliy. per week delivered, Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada aad Mexico: 10 to 10-page paper.. lc 10 to 32 page paper 2c Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended far publlcatlen In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly ' Editor The Oresonlan," not to the name or any Individual Letters relating to advertis ing, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson. c!5;e at 1111 Pacific avenue. Taeoroo. Box 055, ffacoma PoUfflce. Eastern Business Office The Tribune build ing. New York City; "The Rookery." Chicago; TJ-o S C" Beckwlth special agency. New fork. For sale in San Francisco by J. K. Cooper, 746 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros , 288 Sutter street: F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street: Foster & Orcar. Ferry 2?ens stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 258 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 100 Bo. Spring street For sale la Chicane by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street. For sale In Omaha by H. a Shears. 105 N. Sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros.. 1012 Farnaxn street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lako News Co 77 W Second South street. For sale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co., 115 Royal street. On file In Washington D. C with A. W. Dunn. 500 14th N. W. For sale in Denver. Colo, by Hamilton & Kerdrlck. 906-812 Seventh street. TODAY'S WEATHER Probably fair, contin ued cold, brisk to high northeasterly winds. PORTLAND, TUESDAY, FEB. 5, 1001. The citizen of Lostlne, who a few days ago caused his son to throw acid In the face of a schoolmate in retalia tion for a drubbing- which the latter had administered as a sequel to a schoolboy quarrel, should be summarily and severely dealt with by due process of law. The correspondent who re-P-rts the vicious assault and its dread ful consequences to the victim adds, with reference te the father who insti gated It and his inability to secure bsnds for his appearance for trial: "The friepdlessness of his condition is pitiable." It will doubtless occur to the public that the boy who is the sufferer from this man's vicious temper is the one whose condition Is pitiable. The acid-thrower Is the most utterly and wantonly cruel of all fiends with a grievance. "When a man possessing this proclivity is also a druggist (as in this case), he is a man to be shunned or taken in charge by the authorities and committed for lunacy. Sympathy, ex cer. t as it may, under proper restrictions cf his liberty, be exercised, is not due to a man who, governed by "overween ing love" -for his own son, deliberately destroys the eyesight and disfigures for life the face of the son of his neigh bor, No wonder that this man is prac tically without friends In his neighbor hood, or that his foes therein have as sumed a threatening attitude. That Principal Kiggins gets into a bitter controversy with a teacher of useful and unblemished record In her first term under him does not afford presumpth e evidence of his diplomacy, to say the least. A row in a school is a bad thing, and when it reaches the pro portions of a public Investigation It is Infinitely worse In excitement of pa trons and demoralization of the school's Wurk. For these reasons, the rupture between principal and teacher in this case scarcely falls short of a public calamity, the responsibility for which seems to be pretty well spread out If Mr. Kiggins has been undiplomatic, Miss Van Vleet has certainly been In discreet in her remarks, and the School Board Itself, one would think, might have saved much trouble if il had transferred her long ago, as It will doubtless have to do in the end, unless It is prepared to incur the charge of in justice which would certainly lie against her peremptory dismissal. There are few teachers in Portland "whose record as an instructor and char acter as an individual stand higher in popular estimation than Miss Van Vleet's. One mistake should not be per mitted to outweigh all the past of faithful service. Good teachers are too scarce to be recklessly spoiled or dis missed in gratification of a whim. Public education costs too much to sac rifice It on the altar of personal grudges. It was fair to suppose that when Dr. Robert McLean was shown the many errors In his ignorant arraign ment of evolution he would have the discernment to employ his powers on topics of which he knew something. But the proverb about rushing in where angels fear to tread is supported by his appearance yesterday before the Ministerial Association with a fresh onslaught on the conclusions of science. Perhaps the most instructive passage In his discourse is the assertion that descent of man from lower forms of life "is rejected by all thoughtful men." In this the preacher discovers his attitude, which is that of shameless misstatement of fact. The blind fury cf his prepossession is disclosed not bo much in his setting aside of scien tific men as in his contemptuous char acterization of those members of the association, perhaps even present in his audience, who are Christian evolution ists. Some things Dr. McLean de nounces are not evolution at all, as where he inveighs against the elimina tion cf creative power, and against the theory that life may by human agency :? generated from inorganic matter. "What is today known as 'Christian evolution'," he says, "differs little from the materialistic except in conclusions." "What kind of idiocy is this? What does any theory of cosmogony differ frcm another in except In conclusions? And If Christian evolution differs from materialistic in its conclusions, what justice is there in the effort to class .them together, merely because the facts :m which each school reasons are the jme Nothing in this address is more verse than the assertion that "his- has shown no inherent tendency lan to Improve or perfect himself." story shows that very thing, and it jws this tendency working through Kntlcal channels in every spot where man has dwelt. The "ages" of geology have their parallel "ages" In the devel opment of man from the savage to the civilized else there must have been no civilization in Persia, Greece, Egypt, China or Ancient America. Dr. Mc Lean cannot believe the testimony of the rocks or the human frame, because it conflicts with the fall of man in the Garden. He is a miracle of incredulity. One good effect that is almost certain to follow the addition of the Southern Pacific to the Union Pacific system will be an improvement in the Oriental busi ness out of Portland. Last year over 30,000 tons of flour was shipped from Portland to San Francisco, to be re shipped or to take the place of flour shipped from the Bay City to the Ori ent. The local rate on this flour was absorbed by the Pacific Mail, an ad junct of the Southern Pacific. This was done for the purpose of' supplying out ward cargoes for ships which brought in Eastern freight for which the South ern Pacific secures the haul across the continent. Portland's Oriental line has always been hampered through a lack of Inward cargo, and much that has been diverted to San Francisco will now be landed at this port, and this city will also secure the credit for large flour exports which now go foreign by way of the California port. The Union Pacific, through fear of incurring the displeasure of the Southern Pacific, has heretofore made little or no effort to keep this business at the point where the outward cargo originated, and where both inward and outward car goes could be handled to the best ad vantage. But, now that their interests are amalgamated, the traffic which be longs to this port is likely to be han dled here. In this connection It might be well to remember that Portland business men can never add to the importance of the port, or aid in up building an Oriental trade frbm this city, so long as they continue import ing merchandise by lines plying to and from rival ports. The Tosa Maru, which arrived at Seattle from Hong Kong and way ports about ten days ago, brought 10,491 packages of merchandise. Of this amount, 2172 packages, or over 20 per cent of her entire cargo, was for Portland merchants, Seattle receiv ing but 2720 packages, while the re mainder was distributed among about twenty Eastern cities. The Portland liner Eva, which arrived at this port direct from Hong Kong and way ports the same time as the Tosa Maru reached Seattle, brought less than 2000 packages of freight for this city, and not a single package for Seattle. No discriminating rates are made by the different lines, and the only apparent reason for the round-about method adopted by the Portland importers is an unpatriotic disregard for the welfare and commercial Importance of the city which they delight to damn and never praise. THE SALT OP THE STATE. The Oregonian has already sketched the greatness of John Marshall as the illustrious architect of our book of con stitutional law. Of scarcely less impor tance was his influence in elevating the standard of eminence in his -great pro fession. Marshall's career as a lawyer before he reached the bench, and his bearing as a jurist after he became the head of the Supreme Court, were so instinct with dignity, Integrity and absolutely unquailing intellectual cour age that both as a lawyer and a Judge he is the Ideal of American lawyers high and low, who have fairly deserved to be considered as the very salt of the state. "When Aaron Burr was put on trial at Richmond, Va., in 1807, for treason, Chief Justice Marshall pre sided. Burr was nothing but a filibus ter probably in intent, but President Jefferson, who hated and feared Burr, pretended to believe that he Intended treason to his own Government, and his interference and misplaced zeal to con vict Burr were regarded by even Jeffer son's best friends as wholly unauthor ized and officious. He was justified in bringing Burr to trial and seeing that the Government was ably represented, but after the court took cognizance of the case the proceedings belonged to the judicial department. It was an inva sion of the prerogatives of the judi ciary and a dangerous precedent for the President to Interfere in the trial. He should not have been the prose cutor, and it was shameless business for President Jefferson to be closeted with the witnesses, to excite their prejudices against the prisoner. This famous trial resulted in Burr's acquit tal for lack of jurisdiction, and the Ad ministration, thus defeated, abandoned further legal prosecution of Burr. From one end of the country to the other Burr was held up by Jefferson and the entire Democratic press as a traitor who had plotted to dlssunder the Union, and as the slayer In a duel of the great statesman, Hamilton, Burr was detested by many influential Federalists. It was "fortunate for Burr that so great a man and so brave a Judge as John Marshall presided at his trial, so overpowering was the public obloquy he rested under when arraigned for treason. Marshall did not like Burr, for Marshall had always been a zealous Federalist, and Burr's hands were red with the blood of Hamilton, whom Marshall had admired and by whom both Marshall and "Washington had been influenced to distrust Burr. Nev ertheless, Marshall held the scales of justice with even hand, and when ap plication was made for a subpena for the President of the 'United States, promptly issued It With such a man as John Marshall on the Supreme Bench, the legal rights of friend or foe could not possibly suffer wrong through the pressure of public excitement or the illegitimate use of his executive position and influence by the President of the United States. John Marshall not only did not hesitate to hold the scales of justice true In the presence of President Jefferson, but he held them true in defiance of the violently ex pressed opinions of Andrew Jackson. Marshall did his whole duty and de clared the law and compelled Jackson to place himself in the contemptible historical position of refusing to do his duty as an executive by saying, "John Marshall has given his decision; now, damn him, let us see him enforce It" It is this high standard set up by Mar shall, who always marched In line with his colors, that robs of all sting of truth the oountrv through the vulgar aad ignorant sneer which would indict the reputation of a high and noble pro fession because of the misdeeds of the few men of parts that have disgraced It No Intelligent man "will seriously speak derisively of the legal profession who remembers that in all the great struggles for the vindication of human rights eminent lawyers have always been on the firing line, both in debate and on the battle-Jield. Pym, St. John, j ouu oeiuen -were lawyers wno couiu speak and write for llbejty, and Ireton was a lawyer who conld charge as heroically In battle ascromwell him self. The best voices of the revolt of the American colonies were lawyers; the great statesmen of our Civil War were all lawyers of distinction, and many of the younger lawyers of the country, both East and West, rose to distinction as officers of the Army of the Union, and three of them finally oc cupied seats upon the Supreme Bench of the Nation. The stout soldiership of Marshall In war 'and his patriotic statesmanship in peace have been faithfully reverenced as an Ideal and as a high example by his profession that today universally, without distinc tion of party, honors his memory. There are lawyers and lawyers, but It Is no more just to hold the legal pro fession responsible for the scandalous work of a shyster than it is to hold the military profession responsible for the acts of a guerrilla. As a rule, re spectable lawyers are among the very best and broadest-minded citizens of their communities. Seldom rich men, they are generally liberal-minded and free-handed. 'They believe In public education; In .social order and In toler ance in both religion and politics. It was a splendid feather In the cap of the legal profession that Its universal Insurrection In 1891 defeated the elec tion of an unjust Judge to the highest court of New York. To the patriotic determination of the great Democratic lawyers of the Empire State to resent the attempt to plant a thief upon the highest court of New York was due the utter defeat of this unjust Judge. The bar of the State of New York thus saved its highest court from disgrace, saved the American people from dis honor before the civilized world. The people of no state desire to ele vate a man of tainted integrity and paralyzed, moral sense to judicial office, but partisanship frequently swailows patriotism and nothing but the univer sal revolt of the legal profession of New York State, without distinction of party, against the nomination of a Judge who had tarnished his ermine by the theft of an election return se cured his defeat. The great lawyers who organized this famous revolt were none of them politicians, but when they rose up as one man and begged the de cent men in both parties to sustain the credit' of the courts, the people vic toriously answered the appeal. The Democratic lawyers who worked night and day to defeat this man did so be cause he had stolen the State Senate for their own party. They rose above all low political partisanship and said that free Institutions are a failure if honest men refuse to repudiate a man who steals an election return in order to steal the state because he happens to be our particular scoundrel. Such a man is a political pirate and thief, an out law to patriotic men of all parties. This action of the whole legal profes sion of the Empire State was a crush ing answer to the popular ignorance or malevolence which seeks to Impeach the moral honor and scrupulousness of the legal profession. This standard of ac tion was exemplified by John Marshall, not by that other great lawyer, Alex ander Hamilton, who was so unscrupu lous that he asked Governor John Jay to steal the electoral vote of the Empire State by a gross abuse and perversion of his powers of office. Jay was a jurist of Marshall's quality of integrity, and declined to act, Indorsing Hamilton's letter In these words: "Proposing a measure for party purposes which I think it would not become me to adopt." THE SELFISHNESS OF GIUEF. At last the worn body of Victoria, England's greatest Queen and most pa cific ruler, has found rest beside that of the Prince Consort in the mausoleum at Frogmore. Upon the construction of this mortuary chapel the still young Queen in the early days of her widow hood lavished money without stint, and intq each artistic adornment of the palace tomb was wrought a wealth of wifely devotion, touched by a woman's unreasoning grief. While constancy is a virtue that claims an admiration all Its own, and the constancy of Queen Victoria to the memory of the husband of her youth added dignity to her jeign, the proverbial selfishness of grief was strikingly exemplified in the gloom with which the English court was shrouded for years by the death of the Prince Consort and by the rigid seclusion of the Queen from the sight of her sympa thetic and devoted subjects for a period of mourning that seemed to them liter ally interminable. In this -particular phase of her char acter Victoria was not a model of thoughtfulness and graciousness. Her loss was In no sense "unique," as her devoted daughter, Princess Alice, char acterized It when writing to her mother from Darmstadt a few years later. It, on the contrary, represented one of the commonest of bereavements. Thou sands of stricken wives have bowed in heart desolation before it and arisen to take up the double burden that It im posed with a self-forgetfulness tha't Is the Index to true womanliness. The Prince Consort was extravagantly though most decorously mourned. Un reconciled to the last to his early tak ing off, the Queen for many years swathed her body in crape and bomba zine, and the brief glimpses which her people had of her as, thus clad, she moved from one royal residence to an other, had anything but a tendency toward cheerfulness. Though patient to a commendable degree with what may, in her case, be termed the idio syncrasies of grief, her subjects at last revolted at the "everlasting black" of her attire, and the persistent seclu sion in which she lived, and she was forced to respond to their murmurings at last and assume again, though al ways to a limited extent, less somber attire and the social functions of a ruler. No character, however noble, Is without Its weak point In her persist ent refusal through long years to sub mit with cheerfulness If not with resig nation, to the inevitable, as represented in the stern fact of her early widow hood, lay the weak point in the charac ter of the late Queen of England. To magnify a common vicissitude of life into an utter calamity, and hedge it about through years with muffled wail ing, are acts that strong souls every where recognize as selfishj reprehend as folly, and struggle successfully to over come, that thereby the community, small or great, to which their Influence extends may not be clouded by the shadow of a personal loss. Strong In the many elements that contribute Jo mobility of character; wise, not Jess in accepting the limitations of power than In maintaining its expression; holding high the standard of domestic and sociaj purity; an exponent of fam ily - affection and parental authority, Queen Victoria as woman, wife, mother and ruler is entitled to and receives without stint the admiration of the world. As -a mourner, however, keep ing the fact of her widowhood as an extraordinary calamity before her peo ple for more than a generation, she showed Jess strength of character than the public had a right to expect of so strong, gracious and womanly a Queen, REPUBLICAN FOOLHAItDIXESS. As effective an expose of the ship subsidy bill as has appeared Is printed In the Independent from the pen of John De Witt Warner, the New York statistician and economist. The dispo sition of the proposed subsidies he ar ranges as follows: American-built ships now running.... $2,044,370 Foreign-built ships now running 030,000 Ships now building In America 1.C81.832 Ships now building abroad 1,025.614 Mr. Warner shows specifically just what Arms will receive this money the International Navigation Company, the Pacific Mail, the Atlantic Transport Company, etc., but it Is needless to par ticularize. It goes to corporations al ready great, to men already rich. It goes to them In payment for doing their own business, now sufficiently profit able, without benefit to others or to the Government. The shipping thus subsidized carries but one-tenth of our exports, so it is helpless to reduce freights. It goes mostly to fast passenger steamers eleven times as muoh subsidy in propor tion to cargo as for a standard freighter of the best class. Pretense of aid In war Is baseless, for as Mr. War ner shows, a speed of twenty-three knots Is requisite in action, while the subsidized- vessels, built or hulldlng, all but four, are seventeen knots or under, so can neither fight nor run away. The crowded condition of Amer ican shipyards, with no subsidy In op eration, Is the most striking phenom enon of our maritime situation, and as for the largest and most advanced type of all steamers larger than any here tofore built Mr. Warner trenchantly observes that "contracts for two have lately been given to an American ship yard whose bid was from $400i0 tp $500,000 per ship lower than the bid of British shipyards for the same work." Politics, then, Is the sole defense of this bill. What will be Its political bearing and effect? It cannot add to the number of protected interests In al liance with the Republican party they are all there already. It cannot gain favor with the masses no poor man owns an ocean steamship or is going to build cne. It cannot seduce the Gold Democrats, whose faces now as ever are set like flint against use of taxa tion for special privileges. What it will do is this: Drive out of the Re publican party thousands who are al ready alarmed at the power the pro tected corporations have In Congress and the control of the markets by tariff-guarded trusts. How many more voters does Mr. Hanna wish to drive over to the De mocracy? What chance does he think there will be for holding the Philippines when the next Congress, to be elected Is, by the reinforcements provided by the subsidy bill, turned over to the Democrats, socialists and anti-injperi-allsts? The peril that at this moment menaces the Republican party and threatens Its continued ascendency is this subsidy bill. But overthrow of the Republican party would not be in itself, perhaps, to be regretted, were it not for the dangers involved to our finan cial honor, peace at home and dignity abroad. THE SEW ARMY. Reorganization of the staff under the new Army law will require eleven years before It is complete, as the bill care fully guards the rights of the present permanent staff officers. Hereafter of ficers are to be detailed on the staff for four years, and those under the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel must serve two years In the line before they will be eligible for another staff detail. This detail system is made applicable to all except the medical, the Judge-Advocate's and the Engineers' Departments. The adoption of Secretary Root's plan for an interchangeable, line and staff is a real reform, b,ut It is a subject for public regret that the system is not to be introduced until the many staff vacancies created by the bill are filled with volunteer Army proteges of Con gressmen. While the line is somewhat protected by an age limit and exam inations as to fitness before appoint ment, nevertheless It tolerates for ap pointment Second and First Lieuten ants aged 40, which is an extension of the age limit for appointment that is against public policy, for no man should begin an officer's career so late In life. His age makes him out of touch with the young officers of his rank; he is past the best age for military aptitude for an officer's work, and he has not more than fifteen years of perfect fit ness for the field before him. It Is true that some officers are fit for the hard ships of field service later than 50 to 55, but as a rule the majority of offi cers are not good for first-class field ser vice after 50 to 55 years of age. From 35 to 45 an officer is in his physical and mental prime for field service. Af ter 50 it is an exceptionally well-preserved man In mind and body that is fit for serious field work. The new law adds to the staff bureaus some 260 officers, to the cavalry 280 officers, to the infantry 425, and to the artillery 315; while the number of Generals is in creased from 9 to 22, headed by a Lleu-tenant-General. The passage of the law has promoted every Second Lieu tenant of artillery, cavalry and Infan try, and a large number of vacancies will still remain among the First Lieu tenants. These places are to be filled by volunteer officers and volunteer and regular soldiers of one year's service. The law adds some 40,000 men to the regulars, but more by increasing exist ing regiments than by adding new ones, which is good policy. The law calls for five new regiments of Infantry and five of cavalry, and for what is equiva lent to five new regiments of artillery. The artillery is hereafter to be a corps composed of companies or batteries as a unit, the whole supervised by a Chief of Artillery, upon the staff of the Com manding General. Each of the thirty Infantry regiments Is to have a maxi mum strength of 1858 men, and each of the fifteen oavalry regiments 1259 sol diers. The total force of artillerymen is not to exceed .18,920 men. But 20 per cent of this increase from the existing npmber of 12,327 men is to be made before July 1, 1901, and 20 per cent in each succeeding twelve months, until the enlargement is complete. The en gineer battalion of four companies Is to be tripled under the new law, and the Porto Rico regiment is to be changed from a two-battalion to a three-battalion organization. The filial attitude of Emperor Will iam, as shown in his close attendance at the bedside of his grandmother dur ing the last days of her life; his stay in England through and his particl pancy in, the obsequies, and his hurry ing from thence direct to the palace in which his mother Is detained, a hope less invalid, with death supposed to be i?ear, mark a development of manly traits of character which, he conspic uously lacked as Prince William of Prussia and for a few months Crown Prince of the empire. He was known In those days as a bumptious youth who tolerated mothers and grandmoth ers as a necessary nuisance, and for the lofty contempt of a Brandenburg for everything English. So conspicuous a change in his attitude toward his ma ternal ancestors should Inspire hope in the minds of a multitude of mothers of bumptious boys who, during the period technically knownsas the "Insanity of adolescence," affect a lofty superiority over every creature feminine, and take credit to themselves for a decent toler ation of their grandmothers. Many well-bred boys do not escape lunacy of this character, but well-bred boys al ways outgrow It General Wesley Merrltt takes the po sition of a true soldier, officer and gen tleman when, in discoursing upon haz ing at West Point, he says: "Tb,e new kind of fighting Is to be unsparingly condemned, as the man who has been at West Point a year and has been training all that time Is sure to be bet ter qualified for a personal encounter than a man who Is of the same h,eight and weight fresh from home." And When he adds; "For this reason a fight with a 'plebe' and a second-year man amounts to a piece of brutality," he but reflects the view of every 'manly man. The whole secret of putting a stop to hazing is summed up in his declaration that when Colonel Mills makes a recommendation to the War Department to dismiss a cadet from service it should be acted upon prompt ly and favorably. Stated In the sim plest language, the way to stop hazing Is to stop it Eastern Oregon is unhappy, 'so its members of the Legislature say, be cause It gets few appropriations. Yet they say their section pays one-third of the state's taxes. Multnomah County pays another third, yet gets no appro priations, nor expects any. It follows that the remaining one-third gets the total pudding. This part is less than one-third, indeed; for "a small group of counties in the favored section gets nearly the whole. The revenues of the state are expended mainly in three or four counties. But it is useless to com plain of this. If the Constitution were followed, they would all be expended In one county. Js not "the Salem hog" magnanimous, to let his esurient fellow grunters have a few acorns, when he might take them all? Since a bounty Is suggested for de struction of seals at the mouth of the Columbia River, for protection of sal mon, It may be In order to express a doubt whether all the seals In the Pa cific Ocean could be destroyed, or whether the nujnber could be percepti bly diminished. The same doubt may be suggested as to wolves and coyotes, in Eastern Oregon. We are paying and shall continue to pay bounties on scalps from California, Washington and Idaho; for as fast as we destroy the predatory animals others will come in from those states. to make the number good. It will be mighty hard to reduce the level, for It Is a good deal like trying to ladle the water out of the ocean. The east wind comes howling In from the blizzard-swept Middle West, bring ing with It a touch of Winter and joy to the heart of the plumber and vender" of firewood, distress to the rose fancier and pleasant anticipation to the fruit grower. Of course, the visitation Is not pleasant to the majority. The east wind has from ancient times been re garded as an evil wind. The advance of civilization is,supposed to be chron icled in the fact that it blows good to some people now, whereas formerly all classes and conditions of men regarded it as distinctly evil In all of Its effects and tendencies. "Gravity," says Dr. Robert McLean, "may be transmuted Into heat, but was ever heat transmuted Into gravity?" Transmutation of heat Into gravity is the commonest thing In the universe. It Is seen In every waterfall, and In the rainfall that makes the waterfall. For heat is the agency that produces the vapor which makes both. Dr. McLean should stop his talk about science, or look a little deeper. It Is unfortunate when a clergyman wapts to narrow the universe to an absurd theological con cept of his own making. Haste, as exemplified awhile ago in the Belmont-Vanderbllt nuptials, has been outdone in Great Falls, Mont, where a divorcee was remarried just five minutes after her divorce from the "other man" was granted. Trust the vigorous, gushing West to discount the effete East when it comes" td rapidity of movement. We note a criticism on President Mc Kinley for his "careful avoidance of any declaration as to whether the Phil ippines are ever to become subject to our federative principle, or not." Be cause he doesn't know. That power is in the hands of Congress John Marshall was one of the very few Virginia rebels against the English crown who was clearly descended from Cavalier ancestry, for his great-grandfather was a Captain of cavalry under Charles I and emigrated to Virginia about 1650, If Prince Hal had not junketed with Falstaff before he became so wise a King, perhaps Edward VII would not begin his reign under such favorable auspices. The minority at Salem is credited with wanting to settle the Senatorial matter. That seems to be the entire trouble. The minority is selfish in its desire. Kansas is no longer Mrs, Lease's state, but Mrs. Nation's. STORIES OF BENEDICT ARNOLD E. B. Clark in Chicago Times-Herald. If the forming of the many societies in which membership is based on the hav ing of an ancestor who fought or did something else for his country a century or so ago serves no other purpose it at least the means of bringing to light some more than half-hidden bits of American history too interesting to be lost either to sight or memory. For the last few years the genealogy departments of the reference libraries of the country have been more popular with the masses than any other rooms in the buildings. There are gathered daily throngs composed to the five-sixths part of women studying away for dear life in the endeavor to find traces of some ancestor who saw the Whites of the British eyes at Bunker Hill or who ate sweet potatoes for steady diet with Sumter in the Carolinas. The dis coveries made by these delvers Into fam ily histories if put into a volume would form a valuable addition to the graver records of a government. Some matters touching Benedict Arnold which were per haps well enough known a century ago, but which had lapsed into forgetfulness, were found recently by a "revolutionary daughter" who for certain reasons was trying to find something to lighten Bene dict's black history. When it Is once said with truth that a man is a traitor to his country the damnation is deep enough to keep his contemporaries and a following generation or two from any attempt to find anything that might redeem the traitor's soul from utter blackness. Benedict Arnold's name is blotted out of the revolutionary roll of honor on the walls of the chapel at West Point. On some monuments and on many a page of history Arnold's namo appears, but nowhere may It be seen separated from the title "Traitor." The English, who were to have profited by Arnold's treason, hated the traitor after he had joined their ranks. British offi cers would hold no fellowship with him, and his memory Is execrated in England today. The British loyalists who left the colonies at the outbreak of the Revolu tionary War and went their way into New Brunswick showed Arnold when he. afterward went to dwell among them that they held him In nothing short of loath ing, Arnold has been, likened unto Nero, and Nero has gained by the comparison. Nero merely fiddled as Rome went up in flames, while Arnold is pictured as smiling exultantly at the burning under his orders of his birthplace, and at the subsequent putting of many of the sur rendered Americans to the sword. It is told that when New London and Grc ton were attacked and burned Arnold, commanding the attacking forces, had no word of reproof for the officer who, upon receiving the sword of Colonel William. Ledyard, the American commander, in token of surrender, murdered the colonial soldier with the weapon which he had presented hilt on to his conqueror. This is the midnight scroll, and that upon it may appear a small tracing in letters of light is a matter of Interest, though it may do nothing toward the redeeming of a name. It is a Daughter of the Revolution, Mrs. Gilbert W. Warren, of Ilion, N. Y., who has brought attention to a well-nigh forgotten fragment of Arnold's history. Mrs. Warren Is a descendant of Colonel William Ledyard, who was killed with his own sword after he had surrendered it to an officer serving under Arnold. Nat urally Mrs. Warren would not be moved by any hereditary love for Arnold to start her digging up nice things about him. It happens, however, that Mrs. Warren's husband is collaterally descended from General Joseph Warren, who fell at Bun ker Hill. This fact led to the discovery of something which was used as a sort ot offset to Arnold's treatment of the un lucky Americans who met his forces along the .banks of the Connecticut Thames. General Arnold Had met General Warren in the early Spring of 1775 and had formed a strong personal liking for him. When Warren was killed It was found that he left no means for the support and educa tion of his four children. Arnold became deeply Interested In th matter and brought the children's condition to the attention of the Continental Congress, which promised to do somethng for the littlo ones, but dilly-dallied over the mat ter. Arnold had an idea that the Con gress might not act; quickly, and so he wrote a letter of tender solicitude to Mercy Schollay, who was caring for the Warren children, their mother having died some time before. In this letter Arnold nearly impoverished himself, sent an or der for 500 with instructions that he should be drawn upon for more as soon as it was needed. This contribution of the traitor saved Elizabeth," Joseph, Mary and Richard Warren from destitution. Ar nold was not satisfied with this, but he wrote spurring letters to Sam Adams and John Hancock and the committee which had the proposed Congressional appropria tion in hand. Then he sent home more money and said: "Send Richard, who 13 now old enough, to the best school that can be found, clothe him handsomely, give him all that he needs and call upon me for any future expense," How much for thought may be found In ono of the letters of Benedict Arnold, traitor, written to Miss Schollay just be fore his treason. He had sent some more money and had congratulated the children on the propseot that the money from Congress would be speedily forthcoming. "A country," said Arnold, "should be ever grateful to the patriot who lays down his life In Its defense. "Greater love hath no man than this.' " What surging thoughts must have whelmed this man's brain as he wrote these words. That letter was received just at the time that Arnold began nego tiations with Clinton. School histories say that after the rev olution Arnold passed all his time in Eng land. He lived, however, for a long peri od in St. John, New Brunswick. There he engaged in commercial pursuits, send ing out trading vessels to the West In dies. His neighbors, though, as has been said, they were largely refugees, had stood by the King and crown, gave Arnold to understand they did not like his com pany. They hanged him In effigy once or twice, taking care that -the effigy bore the word "Traitor" in large letters. One night Arnold's place of business burned. It was over heavily Insured. The com panies refused to pay, openly charging that either Arnold or his son had aoted the Incendiary. The case went into the courts, and the nsurance companies final ly paid. Arnold pocketed the money and left the town, the occasion of his leaving being made one of tremendous rejoicing by the Inhabitants throughout all the land. PLEASANTRIES OF FARAGRAPHERS A colonial paper contains an advertisement of an enterprising tradesman who, at the end of It, announces: "Ministers, supplied with goods at cost price If they agree to mention the fact to their congregation." Tit-Bits. "Their Name Is Legion." Sockson Buskin I'm raising money to buy land to build a home on for poor actors. Ben E. Volent Well, If you're going to buy land for a home for poor actors, I guess you'l have to buy two or three states. Brooklyn Life. A Cynical Query. "A man ought to try to make as many friends as possible In this life," remarked the gentle philosopher. "Of course," answered the colfi-blooded confidence man. "If you don't get friendly with people, how aro you going to get near enough to get their money away from them 7" Washington Star, Cause of the Delay. Teacher What made you so late? Tommj- I had to wait for ma to wrap up a bundle for me to leave at Mrs. Brown's. Teacher Surely, It didn't 'take your mother nearly an hour to do that. Tommy Yes'm. You see, the paper she was wrappln It up In had a love story la it. Philadelphia Press. As Usual. Clerk Madame, you will have to describe the contents of the pocketbook you lost. Mrs. Shoppe Well, It contained fqur hairpins, a button-hook, a lace handkerchief, four stamps, six rainy-day skirt samples, my lorgnette. 'a safety-pin, and Clerk Tha.t will do; this was. a pocketbook; the lost baggage department is on the second floor, Ohio State i Journal. NOTE' AND. COMMENT., It Is just 100 years since John Marshall spelled Nation with a capital N. Austin's poem on the Queen sounds bet ter, pow Markham has written one. Kansas City is at the mercy of foot pads, and Mrs. Nation 60 miles away! Why doesn't it occur to some one to win fame as an author by novelizing a few dramas. "Tr' If there is anything in a name, there ought to be "dough" in the play of "Un leavened Bread." The Nationalist party, now forming in " Kansas, promises to fill the void left by the dissolving pops. The barber's sneer at the necessity of shaving on Sunday should not worry any. one. It is merely a sham pooh. The English heir apparent has German measles. The friendship between two great nations thus becomes more strongly cemented. Mrs. Oarrle Chapman Catt says that woman is still under the heel of man. Mrs. Catt however, is able to utter a warning meaouw Where is Thomas A. Edison that ha has not come forward with the claim that he invented that submarine telegraph be for Pupln was born? , If Mark Twain's assertion that any li brary Is a good library if It does not con tain "The Vicar of Wakefield," almost anybody can imitate Andrew Carnegie. The first burden Imposed by "militar ism" on a suffering people was depriving them of the privilege of paying as much war tax as they have done heretofore. An electric alarm has been patented which cannot be choked oft till the sleep er gets up to stay. Unless it is encased in a breakless envelope, it will not last long. Mr. Tesla has temporarily abandoned the construction of a telegraph to Mars to produce an invention which will knock the spots off the sun. He will return to earth in time for the next census. Not long ago an exhibition of historical portraits was held in London for the aid of some charity. These portraits were, course, of fabulous value, and the col lection was jealously guarded by detec tives. Toward the end of the exhibition one of the detectives went to a member of the committee, begged his pardon, but desired to know If he might ask about one ot the pictures. He was told, of course that he might; and so, begging pardon again, he desired to know "Who was the female" in a picture he pointed out. "Why do you ask?" his listener In quired, interested and amused. "Because, sir," said the detective, "that female is what we wquld call, in Scot land Yard, a high-class criminal.' " The portrait was of Mary Queen of Scots! When you wake up In the morning cherishing the firm belief That you've been upon soma polar expedition of relief. And you find that all the blankets underneath. the bed have slipped, And your face is numb and aching, and the frost jour ears has nipped; . When you see fantastic pictures frescoed on the window pane. And to rouse some warmth within them chafa your stiffened arms: In vain. When youe rat the moral courage to ariso and don jour clothes. Tou ha got no cause for d,qubtlng tfcat th,e " east wind blows. When you finally have mustered nerve enough. to leave your bed. And you find a cold established very firmly In your head. When you find your eyes are sore and stream ing, and your nese begins to run. And upon your ehest has settled down a load that weighs a ton; When your every bone Is aching, and your muscles all are sore, J.nd you feel your constitution surely can en dure no more; When yeur pheeks are livid purple, and a red hue djes your nose, You can bet, and take no chances, that the east Wind blows-i When the doors all bang and rattle, aad an ley, wintry blast Sweeps, through every single window, though j'ou think you've locked them fast; When the cordwood In the cellar melts llko butter in a blaze. And a fuel bill that's monstrous meets you're; figurative gaze; When you see apprentice plumbers on the) street In shoals and schools Slowly walking on their Journeys to the shop to get mere tools; When the mercury each mlmita toward the hulb more swiftly gees, You are safe In the conjecture that the east wind blows. Snow and sleet and hall and wind storms spend their forces all In vain. For we go and come despite them, and tho steady, drenching rain, Llko the poor. Is with us always; weather ot 'most every kind When It visits us will find us uncomplaining and resigned; But when long and flowing streamers wreath, the summit of Mount Hood, And the sunlight's dim and misty over hill and plain and wood. That's the time to hunt far cover. Worse than rains or winds or snows Is the day In dead midwinter when the east wind blows. Seafarer. (From tho Spectator Is reprinted a novelty a poem on English seamen which does not show the Influence of Kipling. Mr. Gibbon re verts rather to Poe in his choice of an instru ment:) The traders that hail from the Clyde. And the whalers that sail from Dundee, Put forth in their season on top of the tide To gather the grist of tha sea. To ply in the lanes of tha aea. By fairway and channel and sound, By shoal and deep water they ge. Guessing the course by the feel of the ground. Or chasing the drift of the floe, Ner'-west, In the track of the floe. To the placid, palm-skirted bayou, Te coasts that are drear and forlorn. We follow the courses the Admirals drew In the days when they doubled the Horn, When Drake lost a month off the Horn. And what pf the cargo ye bring For the venture ye bore overseas ? What of the treasure ye put forth to wring From the chances of billow and breeze. In spite of the billow and breeze? Oh, we carry the keys of the earth, And the password of Empire we bear Wherever the beaches held promise of worth Wo 'stabllshed your sovereignty there, We planted your flag over there. And the guerdon for blood ye have shed? The glery that,baoes your name.? Oh, a grave where he dlpsy Is dim overhead. Aad the aftermath tribute of fame, A chip from ttye flotsam of fame. Perceval Gibbon.'