THE MORNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY 24, 1901.
Entered At the Postefllee at Portland, Oregon,
as second-class matter.
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TODAY'S WEATHER,-Occaslonal rain, with
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1
PORTLAND, THURSDAY, JANUARY 24
The new King is Edward VIL 'Tls
a long Jump from Edward VI. son of
Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, who
ascended the throne In 1547 and died
I In 1553. The distance between the Eng
lland of that age and of this is Im
measurable: yet the fiction of a contin
uous dynasty is maintained. It is true,
nominally, indeed: yet the .crown now Is
nothing to what it was three and a half
centuries ago. The democratic changes,
since swept In, leave the crown little
Influence beyond that of a social na
ture. The Influence left It has an effect
on manners and customs, and thus in
directly on politics. The greatness as
cribed to Victoria rests mainly on this
Action. She so directed her life as to
become a sort of Ideal of social virtues;
and everything the people found in
themselves, and their best Ideals even
beyond themselves, they supposed In
her This is the most pleasing kind of
fiction, the most effective sort of delu
sion, nut It Is on such basis that the
humn race makes progress in morals
and litlcs. Allow the imagination no
pla, educe everything In society and
go ment to cold, analytic calcula
tor hen the King will become only
a tr r., the Queen only a woman, and
each r animal: and In no case perhaps
an arimal of the highest order. And
from ttlng or Queen downward, through
ail the gradations of society, the decent
I drapery of life may in this way be
rudtly torn off. Then man will stand
forth, unashamed, in moral nakedness
and almost in physical nakedness,
too. "We cover the defects of our moral
natures with Actions, as we cover our
snrinwng persons with the nroducts of
I the waer's and tailor's art. Only In
Erglacd they carry this to a greater
Height than we do. and to a heieht
hvhlch we think in many ways fantas
tical ana absurd. But the same or slm-
Jar influence works among ourselves.
ind is the spring of all our progress.
The Missouri decision that the state
3annot, through its Board of Equaliza-
lon, tax a cornoration em its fran
chise, Is to be regretted on many ac
counts. In Oregon, for one place, the
reat flsoal problem of the state is how
to raise more money, and how to raise
It without burdensome taxation. Stu
dents of economics and lawmakers
lemselves instinctively turn to the
reat corporations as the most promis
ing source of revenue. It Is undeniable
lat the enhanced value of franchises
ie d by semi-public corporations like
hallr-cads, telephones, telegraphs and
Btreet-car lines, is greatly out of pro
portion to the visible assets these cor-
sratloas present to the tax-eatherer.
Cho personal and real nroDertv of a
lelephone company doing $2,000,000
orth of business in a year may not
aount to more than the assessable
lesources of a merchant doing a busi
ness or $200,009 a year. A very impor-
ot reason why state and oitv taxes
ill Short Of thtt dfnilBPV thpt llcnrl tn
Lttafn for public purposes is because
o large a proportion of our invosted
lapltal has gone Into corporations
k'hose franchises, immeasurablv en-
lanced through the growth of our clt-
s, yield practically nothing to the sun-
ort of the Government Thirty years
Igo a man's fortune of $1,000,000 would
e in -visible resources readily taxed.
Dday It can be put into a corporation
hose franchise and good will enable It
i be capitalized at 51.000.009. with orob-
Ibly not over $100,000 In taxable prop-
ty. However, It may not be neces-
t tax franchises. Means can be
?lsed to tax earnings or other evi
ecccs of accumulative power. Some
ich deice must be regarded as nec-
sary to prevent inequitable division
the public burden on the one hand
id on the other hand revolutionary
escrt to public ownership in one form
another. The problem is one invlt-
ie the thoughtful consideration of
ery Legislature.
JA correspondent says: "Victoria has
pt a drop of English blood. She Is
Le lineal descndant by the female line
her ancestor, James VI of Scotland
lid I of England. The Stuarts and
lanoverlans mixed blood." Our corre-
endent Is wrong. There was some
aglish blood In Victoria's veins, ob-
Lined through her descent from James
;f England, whose father and mother
bth had In their veins the blood of
largaret Tudor, the sister of Henry
II ci England, the wife of James IV
Scotland, who was the mother of
ics V of Scotlaud. the father of
leen Mary Stuart. After the death of
Lines IV of Scotland at Flodden field,
la widow. Margaret Tudor, married
le Scotch Earl of Angus, and her
" ughter by this second marriage be
ne tnc mower or iiora uarniey, who
was the father of James VI of Scotland!
by Queen Mary Stuart Darnley and
Mary Stuart were kinsmen, for Mar
garet Tudof was tbelr grandmother.
Queen Mary Stuart's grandmother,
Margaret Tudor, was the aunt of Queen
Elizabeth, and Queen Elizabeth desig
nated James VT of Scotland as her suc
cessor, because he was descended both
through his father and his mother from
Margaret Tudor, the sister of Henry
VIII of England. It is clear therefore
that James I of England had some
English "blood. He had some French
blood, too, for his grandmother, James
V of Scotland's Queen, was a French
Princess. James I married a Danish
Princess, and his younger daughter,
Elizabeth, married Frederick, the Elec
tor of Bohemia. The daughter of this
Elizabeth of Bohemia, with her de
scendants, by the act of settlement of
1701 was made the next Protestant heir
after Queen Anne, and her son thus
became George I of England. He was
succeeded by his son, George H, who
was succeeded by his grandson, George
III. It is clear, therefore, that Vic
toria had not only Scotch and English
blood in her veins, but French blood
and Danish blood, as well as the pre
dominant German blood.
The new tax collector bill for Mult
nomah County, introduced by Senator
Sweek, whatever may be said of its
merits, contains the constitutional de
fect of the one vetoed by the Governor
at the last session. It applies only to
counties of 50,000 Inhabitants, of which
in the state there is but one. Should
It become law, taxpayers in Multnomah
County would resist payment and the
revenue of the county would be held up
for two years. This bill would also
make taxes uncollectible at a period of
five years after they became due. It Is
possible that this would be retroactive
Or is intended to be so, for the purpose
or to the extent of relieving the mort
gages of Multnomah County, which are
required to pay taxes by a recent de
cision of the Supreme Court At any
rate, it would probably give ground for
a new appeal to the courts, which
would cause postponement of payment
of these taxes for a further long period.
Thg Governor's veto of the act of 1899
Was yesterday sustained by the Legis
lature" unanimously.
A Itepresentatlve from Lane County
has Introduced a bill to provide for
levy of a tax of two-fifths of 1 mill on
all the property of the state for Jie
support of the State University. The
Oregonlan believes this to be an objec
tionable method. Make the appropria
tion specific as to amount. It is certain
that the valuation of property through
out the state will be largely advanced
soon, and two-fifths of a mill tax will
bring to the university a wasteful sum.
Again, the bill provides for continua
tion of the present tax till the money
from the new levy shall come in. This
will give the university two subsidies In
one year. Demand is easy, resistance
Is difficult: but It is true that the prop
erty and business of the state are sub
jected to so many exactions that it Is
next to impossible either to hold prop
erty or to do business. And though
the valuation of property is to be ad
vanced, it Is not because value In
creases, but because more money is
continually demanded for things which
state, county and city have undertaken,
or propose chiefly to enable one sort
of people to live off another. This
modern tendency reduces values and
stifles production; and the end It points
to is universal poverty.
Railroad building in Oregon promises
to be unusually active in the coming
months, notwithstanding great railway
combinations are the order of the day.
Among the localities that are reason
ably sure to have rail connection with
the outside world before 1903 are Prlne
vllle, Canyon City, Lakevlew and
Klamath Falls, In Eastern Oregon, and
Tillamook Bay, on the Coast. This
means stretching a line entirely across
the state north and south, with
branches to tap Important producing
sections, like Lake County and the Up
per John Day Valley. The extension of
the Elgin branch of the O. R. & N. fifty
or sixty miles Into the-Wallowa Valley
is already assured. There is also likely
to be some railroad construction in the
Snake River Valley to reach the ores of
the Seven Devils mines, in Idaho, and
the gold mines of the Eastern part of
Union County. The project for build
ing a railroad from Portland to Tilla
mook County direct is under way, and
there Is no doubt that it will succeed.
Not all the enterprises for building rail
roads in Oregon are yet formulated, but
this Is a field on which capital now
looks with favor, and It will be a race,
In some cases, to see which of two or
three projects shall get possession of
coveted territory. It Is probable that
between 400 and 500 miles of new rail
road will be built In Oregon In the com
ing two years.
TRADE BALANCES.
Comparison of our export and import
trade, made in yesterday's dispatches,
from calculations of the Bureau of Sta
tistics, points several Interesting mor
als. Most noteworthy, perhaps, is the
rise of Pacific trade. While exports to
Europe have Increased some 33 per cent
In ten years, exports to Asia have In
creased nearly 300 per cent and to Oce
anica 230 per cent And while our im
ports from Europe fell from $474,000,000
in 1S90 to $439,000,000 in 1900, imports
from Asia increased from $63,000,000 to
$122,000,000. Each of the two aspects of
this development Is interesting. The
"yellow peril" Is demonstrated to be
full of hope rather than danger, for
while Asia and Oceanica sold us $53,
000,000 more in 1900 than in 1890, they
have Increased their purchases of us
by nearly $60,000,000. An awakened
Orient, therefore, means widor markets
instead of fiercer competition. Not only
this, but the goods we get from Asia
are things we don't produce ourselves
anyhow, like silk, hemp and jute, or
things like sugar and rice, of which we
must In any event buy a large comple
ment of the home crops. The Increase
in exports to Pacific countries is In
isotton and manufactures. Surely this
trade is worth serious consideration.
So far there is absolutely no founda
tion for the fars of economists that
Asiatic development will make those
countries so self-dependent as to need
nothing from us, or for the fears of
organized labor In the United States
that closer relations with trans-Pacific
peoples will enable them to undersell
our factories and depress the earning
power of our workers. The evidence Is
all the other way.
Government statistical reports cf our
foreign- commerce almost invariably
i breathe a spirit cf exultation at in
crease of exports and decrease of Im
ports, and this Is to be regretted for
more than, one reason. In the first
place. It indicates a dishonest desire to
treat the "balance of trade" as the
whole story of National prosperity, to
the exclusion of equally important
factors; In the second place, it palpa
bly contemplates the impossible Ideal of
a time when all the world shall be
forced to buy everything from us and
sell us nothing In return; and in the
third place it seems to turn a cold
shoulder to a whole body of striking
economic annals. From 1848 to 1S75 ihe
United States was growing In -wealth
at a prodigious rate; yet In all those
twenty-eight years only once did the
annual balance of trade stand In our
favor. Or take the commercial record
of Great Britain:
British annual commerce, 1S50-1900:
Year. Imports. Exports.
1S50 $ 403 000 000 $ 35u.000.000
I860 1.050,000.000 820,000.000
1870 1.515,000 000 1.220.000.000
1830 2,055.000.000 1.430.000.000
1800 2,103.000.000 1.030,000.000
1000 (11 months). 2,322.000.000 1.803,000,000
Total $0,522,000,000 $8,773,000,000
Averaging yearly.$l,5S7,000,000 $1,128,000,000
Av'ge annual excess of Imports. $450,000,000.
Total excess of Imports In 50 years, $24,
500,000.000. Yet in this period of fifty years the
wealth of the United Kingdom has risen
from $25,000,000,000 to $60,000,000,000. The
United States had large trade balances
in the lean years following 1892, be
cause we sold everything we could rake
up for what we could get, and felt too
poor to buy anything; but nobody com
plained of excessive prosperity. The
British public buy heavily of all the
good things going, because they can
afford it Some day we shall be doing
the same.
A SOUND MEASURE OP REFORM.
The Congressional committee which
has just concluded its investigation of
hazing at "West Point will recommend
exclusion from subsequent appointment
to the Army of any cadet dismissed
from the academy on account of hazing
or for sending or accepting a challenge
to fight. The enactment of such legisla
tion would be a measure of effective
reform. "West Point Army officers have
more than once complained of the gross
Injustice of allowing a discredited "West
Point cadet to obtain a commission in
the Army so quickly after his dismissal
from the academy that the cadet in
good standing found the outcast with a
commission before his classmates had
completed their course. If the commit
tee can make dismissal from the acad
emy a lasting barrier to Army service,
It will have accomplished the reform
of a very great abuse. The Military
Academy appropriation bill contains a
provision that any cadet participating
in the practice, of hazing shall be ex
pelled from the academy, and shall not
be reappointed to the corps of cadets
or be eligible for appointment as a com
missioned officer In the Army. The rec
ommendation of the Congressional com
mittee goes further than this, In that
It clearly provides expulsion for "haz
ing or fighting."
The enactment of such regulations Is
necessary to Insure any permanent re
form, because the decision of the three
upper classes now at the academy to
abstain from all hazing or fighting
hereafter of course has no binding force
upon their successors. The decision of
the upper-class men today may wear
out its welcome hereafter, and the only
sure method of reform Is to enact strin
gent regulations which provide that
either hazing must get out and stay out
or the cadets guilty of It must get out
and stay out, not only of the academy,
but of the Army. With a crowd of
young fellows who are so perverted In
their sense of what constitutes military
manhood that they can justify acts
that are instinct with the spirit of cow
ardice and cruelty, an appeal to senti
ment Is wasted; but an appeal to per
sonal self-interest is well taken. So
long as a turbulent cadet knows that
expulsion from West Point does not
prevent restoration through political In
fluence and Is no bar to obtaining a
commission in the regular Army, he
will risk the chance of punishment for
the probability of ultimate pardon; but
once let every cadet know when he en
ters the academy that expulsion from
West Point is final; that he can neither
return nor secure an Army commission,
and the number of men who will in
dulge In hazing at the risk Of their
military career will be very few.
Hitherto In the history of our coun
try our leading military men have
been so conspicuous for intelligence,
culture and humanity that they com
manded the respect of the public In
war or peace. Failure to do this here
after would degrade the Army to the
level of the odious military caste that
rules society on the Continent of Eu
rope. The singular thing is that the
Intellectual leaders among the upper
classes at West Point had not long ago
perceived that It was very dangerous
for the permanent welfare of the acad
emy and the Army to do anything that
would excite public odium or distrust.
The revelations of the stupid and cow
ardly hazing methods practiced at West
Point have done more to prejudice the
people against the Increase of the
standing Army than all the venomous
speeches of Senator Pettlgrew and his
Populist associates.
SOVEREIGN, BISHOP AND LORDS.
The accession of a new monarch to
the throne of Great Britain naturally
suggests the question whether the fig
urehead of a crowned ruler will long
continue to be cherished by the Brit
ish people. The answer to this ques
tion depends entirely on the conduct of
the monarch. The British people are
very conservative. They do not wel
come political innovations, but they are
a high-spirited people that have always
been exceedingly jealous of their liber
ties. The degree of personal govern
ment exercised by George III was im
patiently endured when attempted by
his miserable son and successor and
completely expired before the death of
William IV. Today the King of Eng
land governs solely through his minis
ters, who are the interpreters and
executives of the will of the British
people as manifested through the House
of Commons. The so-called British
constitution is nothing but a succession
of well-established precedents. The
King of Great Britain swears to govern
according to the laws and "customs"
of the kingdom.
The hereditary House of Lords, by its
negative vote, can prevent the enact
ment of the legislation of the House
of Commons, but would be powerless
for permanent resistance to the will of
the Commons, as on appeal from tho
Ministry the King could create peers
enough to overcome the opposition in
the Lords. It was on the- announce
ment that the sovereign was ready in
compliance with the appeal of Earl
Grey, Prime Minister, to create addi
tional peers that the House of Lords
in 1S32 receded from itB opposition to
the passage of the first great reform
bill. The popular, elective branch of
the British Parliament therefore really
in the last analysis governs Great Brit
ain. The institution of the House of
Lords and the figurehead of a sover
eign is likely to endure a long time in
Great Britain, because both the sover
eign and the hereditary branch of the
Legislature know that their life rests
on their good conduct and prompt re
spect for the will of the House of Com
mons when that has been- declared be
yond dispute and with determination,
as it was in 1832.
With the passage of the reform bill
of that year ended the reactionary
Tory Government that began In 1790
and was justified by its supporters on
the necessities of the long French War.
The victory of Waterloo was the begin
ning of the' end of this reactionary
Toryism, which was finally extin
guished by the reform bill of 1832.
From that day the real sovereign of
Great Britain has been the House of
Commons. "When the will of the House
of Commons finds itself In serious an
tagonism with the policy of the Minis
try, the Ministry by custom must re
sign, and the sovereign summons the
leaders of the opposition to form a new
Ministry. It is easy to ask why tho
British people should continue to tax
themselves for the support of the royal
family and a great state church, when
really the sovereign does not exercise
as much direct governing power either
by executive hand or statesmanlike
suggestion as does our American Presi
dent. It is easy to ask why there
should be a Btate church when so many
thousands of the most Intelligent and
prosperous people of the kingdom are
dissenters.
That royalty and a state church are
still maintained by Great Britain is be
cause wise Englishmen perceive that
these institutions would best be left to
time for settlement. At some distant
day they will probably disappear, but
they are too inextricably blended with
the whole life and long growth of the
state to be sloughed off as suddenly as
America did royal authority. The pres
ence of such a wicked, worthless sov
ereign as George IV would not be en
dured a year on the throne today, and
any serious attempt to make the state
church' an engine of ecclesiastical des
potism would disestablish it in England
tomorrow, even as it has been dises
tablished in Ireland and may soon be
in Wales. A sovereign, a House of
Lords and a state church will some
day go in Great Britain. Meanwhile,
their perpetuation will depend on their
good behavior.
Sometimes it is wholesome to have a
mighty hand ready to chastise pro
fessors of a university or college, as
now at Stanford. Some professors have
a way of getting self-centered and of
engendering a wisdom which Is intol
erant of student initiative and inde
pendence. Superior in learning of a
certain kind, they get to regard them
selves very often as superior in all
kinds. Frequently they look upon stu
dents as animals that must be disci
plined instead ofas persons who are in'
considerable degree capable of disciplin
ing themselves. Knowledge is com
parative, and is superior or Inferior
merely as the possessor of it knows a
certain thing better than the next per
son knows it. An Instructor may be
educated because he is familiar with
the subtleties Of Plato, but the next
individual may have an education sn
perlor to hlB because he can make a
steam engine or shoe a horse. If a man
does not know the latter arts, he need
not be an ignoramus. Neither need he
be one if he does.
Work already done by Professor
Washburn shows that there is room in
Oregon for a competent biologist Thus
far his service as state biologist has
been largely in connection With Easterrf
oysters In Oregon waters, but It might
profitably be extended to the food fishes
and birds of the state. The Introduc
tion of Eastern lobsters and study of
the breeding habits of our own crus
taceans also Offers a field for work of
this kind. In some of the states the
state biologist is Included on the Board
of Health because the examination of
water to determine Its potability comes
logically within his province. Professor
Washburn's work has been of scientific
interest and of commercial value to the
state, though his opportunities as a
public officer -without pay or expense
allowance have been somewhat limited.
It Is Important that we find out and
use the natural products and forces of
our own state and Improve them if
possible. .
A physician Is sued by a patient for
loss of sleep, That Is the thanks he
gets for prolonging the man's life. The
plaintiff suffered $39 worth of mental
anguish and physical torment. It is
refreshing to observe that he computes
accurately the value of the dollar.
Thirty-nine dollars' worth of damages
would be nothing at all to suffer, but
$39 worth of mental anguish shows how
excruciating was the torment. The
value of the great American dollar is
100 cents. Its value In anguish Is be
yond the realm of figures. Since the
anguish of one dollar is infinite, we
can apprehend if we cannot compre
hend that of thirty-nine dollars.
Mr. McBrlde has little or no positive
strength. A majority of the nineteen
voting for him are so voting simply for
the purpose of keeping under cover till
the time may come when they can do
something else.
Senator Hoar's scheme for dealing
with the Filipinos is hardly the thing
for a liberty-lover to propose. There
ar6 10,000,000 Filipinos, and It is conceiv
able that any ten of them would be
an oligarchy.
It is not probable that Oregon law
yers would be satisfied even if they had
five Supreme Judges. Washington law
yers have that many, but are clamor
ing for" more.
An anarchist In New York has
peached on hi6 confederates. Evidently
anarchists detest laws even among
themselves.
The resemblance between the Era
press of China and Mrs. Nation is not
merely In their physiognomy.
Since not all ex-convicts vote, legis
lators will not incur noxious odltim by
putting them to work.
SOUTHERN OREGON'S GOLD-MINES
ASHLAND, Or., Jan. a. (Special Cor
respondence.) The old pocket districts
and placer grounds In Southern Oregon
are looked upon with growing favor by
experienced miners who have come Into
the country, as likely ground in which
to develop valuable lode properties. A
good type of such a region Is the old
Blackwell district, three miles south of
Gold Hill, where in past years many
pocket holes have been made and much
money taken out Here about 40 men
are at work, and their explorations have
already disclosed that there are precious
metal deposits there In continuous veins,
to which the pockets, or old pocket holes,
are deemed tracers by the few who have
theories as to the genesis of gold pockets
and who have studied the peculiar condi
tions under which they occur. In this dis
trict you can find a miner, experienced
and intelligent, who will tell you If the
pocket Is likely close to the vein, or If
it Is a "throw" from a distance, and that
in the latter case, when you have dug out
the "pocket" money, you had better aban
don that particular ground.
Working upon theories founded! upon a
limited knowledge of mineralogy and ge
ology, of which they make good use, and
the experience of years in mining for
gold, some of these miners have planned
their work to uncover mines here on a
rational basis, and the result Is some ap
parently good properties, one of which is
likely to prove a good copper mine. The
most Important discovery Is that on the
"Soldier Blue," or better known as the
Ross claim, one and a quarter miles from
Tolo station. Below this mine the gulch
was once worked as a placer.
A number of holes were sunk on tho
ledge in the hill above by pocket-hunters,
and In that sunk by Ross, which was
about 50 feet deep, he got out $1300 from
seven tons of ore. Deeming It a pocket,
Ross did no more thereafter on the claim
than the necessary work to hold It, and
the property was practically abandoned
for four years, when J. J. Houck and
G. L. Half bought It for a few hundred
dollars. Mr. Half, who has had extensive
experience In mining, both for gold and
copper, in Colorado and Montana, was in
terested In the cropping of a ledge per
pendicular to that on which was the Ross
shaft, which was capped with limonlte,
and appeared to make a prospect for a
copper mine. He therefore went down on
the Ross ledge In the old shaft. At a
depth of 60 feet he struck the Intersect
ing ledge, which proved to be an eight
foot vein, well! defined and carrying cop
per and iron sulphides heavily, valued at
$23 copper and $22 gold per ton. Its strike
Is 43 degrees east The copper ore car
ries much rock which is very hard.
The copper ores being so uniformly dif
fused through the rock Is regarded as a
very encouraging feature by those who
are familiar with some of the big copper
properties of Montana. The ore also as
says about seven ounces of sliver per
ton. The shaft was sunk close on a con
tact of granite and slate. At a depth of 78
feet, a drift of CO feet east has been mado
to develop the formation. The shaft Is
being carried down. While the ledge car
ries good values In gold, these men es
teem the prospects for a big copper mine
most. One.-half mile southeast of the
Half property, there Is a tract of ground
formerly owned by the Jackson County
Land Association, which was mined ex
tensively for pockets at odd times In past
years. It Is asserted that pay was found
in everyone of the old pocket holes re
maining. In one of these holes $7000 was
obtained, and at this point a tunnel Is
now being run, which is to be 700 feet
long, and which, it Is expected, will tap
the ledges under the upper old pocket
workings on the hill. Theh tunnel Is com
pleted for 200 feet. This is called the
Johnson ledge, and the work is being
done by I. Humason and some associates,
residents of Portland. In one of the up
per workings on the hill, Humason sunk
down some 10 feet further, reaching a
depth of about 60 feet, where he struck
a vein eight to 14 Inches thick, and eight
feet of depth on this and 22 feet long
yielded $2000. It Is this and other veins
the tunnel Is expected to tap. This vein
has a slate hanging-wall and a rock the
miners call syenite for a foot-wall. This
syenite Is a black, fine-grained and a very
hard rock. It is heavily Impregnated with
white Iron sulphides.
The old Bowden mine is about three
quarters of a mile north of the Ross vein.
The Bowden vein, which Is In granite,
was very small on the surface. In past
years It has been worked Irregularly,
yielding some $5000, but only limited de
velopment was made. Its present owners
have a 32-inch vein at a depth of 80
feet. There Is some good ore In this
mine, and it ie esteemed one of the prom
ising properties of the district
The area known as the Tolo placers. In
this district, has yielded In past years
some $50,000, and the gold, which Is
coarse, is presumed to have come from
the pockets of the character which have
been mined, and mainly, it is supposed,
from a ledge on which Mr. Smith, of the
contracting firm of Smith & Hull, has
a bond. Mr. Smith has contracted for a
150-foot tunnel on what Is known as the
porphyry dike, and another force of men
will carry down the old shaft on the
Fort Lane ledge. This old shaft hole,
with a depth of 130 feet, yielded $11,000
m gold; and so the old pocket holes are
being carried down to get below the sur
face disturbances which some miners
think wrought a confusion of the veins
ahd made the pockets. This Fort Lane
ledge and the dike Intersect some 500
feet from where the shaft Is being punk.
The,re are some 60 acres of good placer
gravel about Tolo, If water could be had
to' attack the beds with giants and a
sluice for tailings were built to Rogue
River, but there Is no near prospect of
getting the water. A Mr. Mears, a Utah
man, has several claims In this district
Hear the Half claim and Is doing con
siderable development work. On one
ledge, In which the gold is wholly free,
the shaft is down 75 feet, yielding some
good ore. Tho other claims are of low
grade ores, but some of the ledges are
large. In the Waldo district, James Ly
tle has sold his copper claim for $15,000.
M. F. EGGLESTON.
MAY VISIT ALASKA.
Casliman Ask Honse Committee on
Territories to Make Trip.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 18. At a recent
informal meeting of the House commit
tee on territories, Represntatlve Cushman
extended to the various members an ear
nest Invitation to visit the territory of
Alaska during the coming Summer, in
order that they may become personally
acquainted with the c-ylng needs of that
great territory. It Ib proposed, In case
some favored arrangement can be made,
to have this committee visit Juneau,
Skagway, and Dyea, and possible Nome,
but the tour that is decided upon will in
a large measure depend upon the amount
of time which the members of the com
mittee can spare.
Mr. Cushman's proposition seemed to
meet with general approval, and several
members expressed an eagerness to ac
quaint themselves more fully with Alaska.
One of the principal objects of such a
trip Is to impress upon the members of
this committee several reforms that are
badly needed, and other legislation which
It has been impossible to secure in the
past It is hoped, for one thing, that
they may appreciate the need of a proper
protection of the Alaskan coast, and
that their trip will result In a fair-sized
appropriation for establishing further
lights and beacons at the dangerous
points of this coast It Is furthermore
thought that a trip of this character will
acquaint the members more or less with
the present workings of the 'land laws In
force in Alaska, and of the more pro
nounced changes that should be made.
No definite programme has yet been
agreed upon, and It Is not likely that the
whole committee will be able to make
the trip, but Mr. Cushman Intends to
keep the matter before them, and ex
pects some good to come out of his ef
forts.
THREE JUDGES -NOT. SUFFICIENT
PORTLAND, Jan. 23. (To the Editor.)
In The Oregonlan's report this morning of
tho legislative proceedings at Salem yes
terday it appears that Representative
Watson, of this county, has Introduced a
bll to abolish Department No. 3 of the
Circuit Court of this county and transfer
to Department No. 4, the Criminal Court,
the Jurisdiction and authority now resting
in Department No. 3. the equity depart
ment. It is reported that this bill was In
troduced by Representative Watson under
the sanction of the Taxpayers' League,
of this city.
The Taxpayers' League Is a voluntary
organization of taxpayers' in; this city,
which has been in existence .nearly two
years, having for Its purpose the investl
fatlon into the public administration, with
a view of simplifying the governmental
procedure and the reduction of the ex
pense attendant thereon. I have'the honor
to be a member of that organization, and
aome time since the league referred to
a special committee, of which I was
named as chairman, the other members
of the committee being Cyrus A. Dolph
and J. Couch Flanders, the subject of
what reduction could be made of the ju
dicial force of this county without impair
ing the efficiency of tho judicial depart
ment The committee made a thorough
investigation of the question and unani
mously reported against any reduction in
the number of Judges of the Circuit Court,
but did recommend that one of the Jus
tice of the Peace Courts of this city the
Justice of Peace for the West Side be
abolished, and that the records and au
thority exercised by such Justice be trans
ferred to the Municipal Court. It was
the unanimous opinion of the committee
that, while possibly at the present time
the judicial business might be handled
by three Judges instead of four, it would
bo but a short time before the conditions
which call for the provision of four Judges
would again exist and that any change
In the present force of the Judiciary of
the Circuit Court was not advisable. The
report was accepted by the league.
It would seem, therefore, that Repre
sentative Watson has been mistaken In
assuming that the bill which he has In
troduced Is sanctioned by the Taxpayers'
League. It is against the express desire
of the league.
I may add that after some considerable
reflection and some little observation 1
am convinced that ona of the great vices
now underlying Judicial administration is
in hasty and Ill-considered decision. The
congestion In the business of the Su
preme Court would, in my opinion, be
greatly relieved If more time and atten
tion were given to the decision of casos
in the courts below, and this time can
only be had in a large county with the
population of Multnomah by providing for
a sufficient number of Judges for proper
judicial administration of the law. Tho
judicial business of this county Is most
admirably apportioned into four depart
ments, two for the handling of actions at
law involving Jury trials, one for the crim
inal department, and one for the equity
department It would be a great mistake
to interfere with this division.
ZERA SNOW.
MONUMENT TO PIONEERS.
Commendation of Bill to Be Offered
to Legislature.
PORTLAND, Jan. 21. To the Editor.)
A bill has been Introduced In our legis
lature by Senator Sweek, of Multnomah
County, to allow one of the park blocks
to be donated by the City Council of Port
land to the Native Sons and Daughters
of Oregon, the Oregon Pioneer Society,
Oregon Historical Society, Indian War
Veterans, and other societies, that they
may erect a building to contain safely
and preserve objects of historical value
and interest as well as to be a splendid
auditorium for the annual gatherings of
the pioneers and other societies Inter
ested. The bill will probably pass unanimously.
The City Council will most certainly
give the block when the bill paSdes. Now
when this Is done there will be erected a
monument that will last. The founda
tions should be 30 feet deep and of the
most enduring granite; let the blocks
come from within the limits of old .Or
egon; upon these blocks let the names of
our founders be chiseled deep. Let this
monument be built as was the Temple of
Solomon. The wood and the Btone, the
gold and silver and precious stones from
the promised land of the Oregon pioneers
from all sections.
We have granites, sandstones, onyx
of most beautiful colors, porphyry, mar?
bles of Infinite variety, stones veined
with gold and silver and copper, and all
the precious metals, and magnificent
woods for finishing. I have not the
slightest doubt that every section of old
Oregon will come forward with its con
tribution of rare and beautiful materials,
largely without cost The railroads, to
aid, would doubtless contribute the
freight i
Let the architects embody their most
beautiful conceptions. Let us be lavish
with enduring, rare and unpurchasable
things but given freely to raise a mon
ument to those brave old pioneers who
have passed upon the longer journey, and
to those fine old men and women so soon
to follow; while they still are with us
make their old eyes brighten, and their
bosoms swell with pride that their efforts
have had such a grand realization.
No debt shall rest upon this building;
no consideration of personal gain or Im
portance should enter Into this enter
prise. Let it stand up high and pure ana
beautiful, facing our grand old mount
ains, and as enduring.
Some one gifted with fluency of lan
guage and Ideas may take up these sug
gestions and move our people to act
quickly and vigorously, so that the build
ing "may be completed In 1905.
JAMES T GRAY.
He "Was Up to the Limit
New York Evening Sun.
A young society woman in this city is
telling a story of a very little newsboy
who so appreciated her kindness to him
at the newsboys' Thanksgiving dinner
that he went to the extent of great suf
fering for her sake. At least, she thinks
it was appreciation, but others have
doubts. ,At all events, the young woman,
who, with a number of others, was en
gaged in serving the boys, noticed thl3
little boy way off at one end of the table.
Many of his larger fellows were already
hard at work on the various good things,
but this little fellow had evidently been
neglected. Clearly here was a case of
Urgent charity, so the amateur waitress
flew to his side, and for an hour she saw
to It that he did not lack for anything.
Plate after plate of turkey was literally
showered Upon him. Finally, as she set
another piece of plum pudding in front
of him, he rolled his eyes meekly toward
her, and said, in muffled tones:
"Well, miss, I kin chew, but I can't
swallow no more."
Admired His Thirst.
New York Mail and Express".
Three soldiers Wearing the blue and
yellow of the United States Cavalry did
a good turn the other day to a thinly
clad, shivering "sandwich" man who was
standing in front of Trinity Church. The
roldlers were making a hilarious way to
South Ferry. Every block or so they
stopped and took observations through a
big black bottle. The sandwich man's"
teeth chattered and he looked at the bot
tle greedily. One of the soldiers noticed
the mute appeal. "Have a drink, old
party?" he said, passing the bottle over.
The sandwich man grabbed It in two pur
ple hands, and before the cavalryman
could stop him he had drank at least half
a pint of cheap whisky. Then he wiped
his lips on his coat sleeve and returned
the bottle. The cavalryman's eyea bulged
with wonder.
"If I had a thirst Hke that," he said,
"I'd never do another day's work."
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Maybe Mars wants to congratulate
Bryan on his loud voice.
A crow-hop is not as fast as a Baldwin
locomotive, but Is sufficiently so for Pat's
purposes.
If Bryan had not deceived us, before, wo
might believe that he does not want the
Presidency.
There is a military school at Leaven
worth, too. You can draw your own
conclusions.
That joke about hailing the King whllo
he Is reigning is again hanging heavily
over our heads.
If the Boers kept all their prisoners
Roberts would have to send even more
soldiers to Africa.
Bryan 13 not an ex-President but ho
Is Just as good as one when It comes
to having opinions.
Having stood behind the bars, it Is no
wonder that Mrs. Nation now makes tho
bars fall before her.
Every mother of the ignominious
"S. S. S." thinks her duckling a swaa
and rowdyism still thrives.
That good old term high noon is re
vived occasionally when a million-dollar
wedding furnishes a sufficient excuse.
Roosevelt is about to retire to the
Vice Presidency, but the grip steps
gayly In and takes up the strenuous life.
Now that the mall carriers have com
bined, wo mayexpect a boycott on ev
ery one who refuses to use Union
stamps.
t Mrs. Nation, has altogether too limited
as field In Kansas. She ought to go to
Kentucky, and beard Colonel Jack China
In his lair.
The only tribunal whloh can decide
whether a dog is at all times and in all
places subject to license, is a Sandow
poundmastor.
Since our ministers are such sticklers
for the majesty of tho law, they should
next get up a petition for suppression of
the "S. S. S."
A Quebec man thinks he has found a
new route to the North Pole. To quota
Bryant, he Is likely to find It "The long
way that he must tread alone."
Having got out an edition of tho New
York World. Alfred Harmsworth's next
step will probably be the purchase of
the esteemed Congressional Record.
Tho Sultan avoids discord by paying
neither Germany nor the United States.
Evidently the "only way to got a settle
ment is to have a receiver appointed.
Is everybody -who fights saloons as
crazy as Mrs. Nation or less so? Is she
felicitated because She Is Insane or be
cause since Insane she fights saloons?
The escutcheon of the1 Victoria Royal
family makes us glad we are not lum
bered with a pedigree. No wonder tho
whole outfit is down sick. We don't blamo
them one bit
A poet of our acqualntanoo has got a
sonnet completed all but a couple of
words to rhymo with month, and ond
to rhyme with window. Can 'any of our
budding geniuses help him?
The annual oration on Georgo Wash
ington to be delivered on Washington's
birthday this year before the Union
League Club of Chicago will be the work
of tho famous English literary critic,
essayist and disciple of Comte, Frederic
Harrison.
Joe Jefferson Is going to purchase a
lodge in the Catskill Mountains. If they
keep the same quality of Hollands up
there that they did in early days, it ia
possible that the people of the twen
tieth century may yet see tho greatest
Rip that ever trod the boards. ,
If Kcnts Had Had the Grip. -
Thou aross between rheumatics and catarrh.
Thou fever-bringing, aching malady,
The worst of all the passing ills that ore, ,
Have been, or still are yet to be.
No sympathy thy Ylctlm can expect
From man, or beast, or even from his rlfe;.
All ol&ss thee with the tcoth&cha and th
mumps,
Yet many a happy household thou host1
wracked.
By leaving some poor devil sick of life.
Abject, despondent, and deep sunk in dumps.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAORAPHERS
"What are you folks In the country prepar
ing to do this year?" Inquired the business
man. "The Summer boarder, as usual," res
pited the candid farmer. Philadelphia Ieg
ord.
Butcher Come, John, be lively now; break
the bone In Mr. "Williamson's chops and put
Mr. Smith's ribs In the basket tor him. John
(briskly) All tight, sir. Just as soon as I've
sawed off Mr. Murphy's leg. Tit-Bits.
At the "Tom Bhow." "I've been to a heap
of shows, but I never seen two people act
more llko they was really fond of each other
than Little Ea and Mr. St. Clair." "Huh I
Of coursel She's his mother." IndianapolU
Press.
She What If I have loved another, dear?
Don't you know It had only prepared me tot
the greater, higher love I have for you I
"That's all right, but how do I know thit th
love you now have for me Isn't preparing you
for a greater, higher love for soiie ona elt?"
Life.
Willing to CempromUe.-"Your Majesty,"
said the right-hand man of the native King,
"there Is a missionary working his way along
the coast." "Well, we don't want to have any
trouble," said the King. "Ask him it his peo
ple won't be satisfied with a coaling station.''
Puck."
On Anne Allen.
xMward FlUGarald.
The wind blew keenly .from the Western sei.
And drove the dead ieaves slanting from tho
of vanities, the preacher salth-
Heaplhg them up before her Father's door
When I saw her. whom I shall sea no more
We cannot bribe thee. Death.
She went abroad the falling leaves among.
She saw the merry season fade and sung
Vanity of vanities, the preacher salth
Freely she wandered In tho leafless wood,
And said that all was fresh, and fair, &o&
good.
She knew thee not, O Death.
She bound her shining hair across her brow.
She went Into the garden fading now;
Vanity of vanities, the preachar salth
And If one sighed to think that It was sere.
She smiled to think that It would bloom next
year!
She feared thee not, O Death.
Blooming she came book to the cheerful room.
With all the fairer flowers yet In bloom,
Vanity of vanities, the preacher salth
A fragrant knet for each of us she tied.
And placed the fairest at her Father's side
She cannot charm thee, Death.
Her pleasant smile spread sunshine upon all;
We heard her sweet, clear laughter In U
of vanities, the preacher salth
We heard her sometimes after evening prayer,
As she went singing softly up the stair
No voice can oharm thee, Death.
Where Is the pleasant smile, the laugnter kind,
That made swtet music of the Winter wind?
Vanity of vanities, the preacher salth
Idly they gaxe Upon her empty place.
Her kiss hath faded from her Father's fac
She is with thee, O Death.
Sl.u