THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY,, JANUARY 21, 1901.'
TONGUETOCUSHMAN
His Reply to Latter's Attack
on River and Harbor Bill.
OREGON NOT UNDULY FAVORED
TheColumbIa River Appropriation
as Much If Not More for Wasn-
Jngton's Interests Tnnn
for Oregon's."
WASHINGTON. Jan. 16. The following
Is the full- text of Representative
Tongue's reply to Mr. Cushman's speech
on the river and harbor bill, embracing
his own defense -of the bill and the Co
lumbia River appropriations:
"Mr. Chairman, it Is not my original
purpose to address tha House upon the
ppnding bill. I should not do so now. but
for the strange statements and extraor
dinary mis-takes occurring In the remarks
of the gentleman from Wasuington. I
listened to his speech, and am sure other
members of the House did, with great In
terest and with great enjoyment. " My
pleasure at the exuberance and brilliancy
of the wit was only equaled by my aston
ishment at the extravagance of its mis
statements. As a production of amusing
fiction, it was certainly unique. When at
tempting to deal with sober reality it Is
remarkable, chiefly for the great num
ber of facts it contains that are not so.
Had the gentleman laid aside his Jesting
for a few minutes and condescended to
answer plain questions that might have
corrected some of his mistakes and ex
plained others: had he devoted one-fourth,
of the time In the preparation of facts
for the Information of the House that
he had in preparing jests for Its enter
tainment; had he consulted the reports
of the engineers with anything like the
assiduity he consulted ancient editions of
classic Joke books. It would not have been
necessary for me to reply to his re
marks, and I certainly should not have
desired to do so.
"For something like an hour and a
quarter the gentleman furnished the
House with a great deal of amusement,
but with a remarkable small amount of
instruction. It was not shown, nor did
he attempt to show that this bill con
tains a single appropriation for a river or
harbor that is not meritorious, or which
ought not to be made. He has not fur
nished us with a single fact or reason or
argument to show why an appropriation
should be made for a single river or har
bor not included in this bill. The gentle
man's speech was chiefly a complaint
against the plan of the universe and the
handiwork of Its Creator. It Is a com
plaint that harbors and the mouths of
rivers are located upon the sea coast and
the shores of the Great Lakes. It is a
complaint that "North Dakota was' not
located upon the Gulf of Mexico, or Colo
rado upon the shores of Lake Michigan.
so that they might have rivers and har
bors worthy of Improvement.
"To complain that Illinois receives more
appropriation under this bill than Iowa
Is to overlook the fact that the commerce
of Iowa Is proviaed for by deepening the
harbors of the Great Lakes. The com
merce, not only of Illinois, but of Iowa,
Nebraska, Wyoming, Idaho, Nevada, Cclo
rado and a large portion of the commerce
from that vast territory stretching from
Wisconsin to the shores of the Pacific,
including the state which the gentleman
in part represents, flows outward to find
a market through the harbors of the great
City of Chicago. When the gentleman
would defeat this bill, and obstruct those
Improvements, which have been listed
under tne name of Michigan, he would
paralyze the commerce of the entire
northern portion of the United States, In
cluding that of the State of Washington.
A very large portion of the commerce
that traverses the rivers and canals, the
Improvement of which are listed under the
State of Michigan, passes through Michi
gan without stopping there, is furnished
by the two " great continental railroads
that have their termini in the State of
Washington. Hostility to these improve
ments obstructs access to markets for the
production of that vast territory through
which runs, wlt.h Its feeders, the Great
Nortlrern Railroad, which terminates at
Seattle. In the gentleman's own state, and
is doing more to build up the commerce
of the City o: Seattle and the State of
WasWngtor thin any other force in exist
ence. Hostility to these Improvements is
hostility to every settlement through,
which runs the Northern Pacific, the
great railroad, whose chief terminus is
the city in which the gentleman resides,
the city which owes its birth and growth
and present greatness to the fostering
care of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
"The complaint against the appropria
tion for the City of New York is well
answered by the statement of the gentle
man from New York, Mr. Alexander, that
the exports and Imports passing through
that great cltv are more than double the
export and Import.! of the 2S states that
are not represented on the river and har
bor committee. But these exports and im
ports are not for New York alone. The
great streams of commerce that rour
their treasure Into the harbors of New
York are formed and filled by rivulets
having their sources In every hamlet. In
every home. In every camp. In every por
tion of the land, from the Atlantic to the
Pa-eiflc. from the Great Lakes to the Gulf
of Mexico. It Is the commerce of our
entire country. There Is not a woodman
In any forest, a plowman In any valley,
a herder upon any plain, who does not
with every stroke of the ax, with the
turning of every furrow, at every move
ment of his camp, contribute something to
build up the great wealth of commerce
that slows through the harbor of this
metropolis of the United States. We can
not by one stroke, in any one way, bet
Snake River, the navigable portion of
which Is wholly within the States of
Washington and Idaho. This leaves only
tire sum of $166,500 to be expended wholly
within the State of Oregon.
"Let me call your attention to the fact
that the Columbia River forms a part
of the boundary between the State of Ore
gon and the State of Washington; that
It Is nowhere, even for one foot of Its
length, wholly within the State of Ore
gon; that it forms the northern bound
ary of Oregon, five-sevenths of the dis
tance across the state. It then passes
entirely within the State of Washington,
and extends hundreds of miles. The
Snake River, that forms a part of this
system of improvement, runs partly
through Idaho, then entirely In the State
of Washington. There Is one navigable
river enters the Columbia River from
Oregon. Four navigable rivers enter the
Columbia River from Washington, all
four of which receive appropriations un
der this bill, emptying Into the Columbia
River within the State of Washington.
Wherever Oregon Is along the south bank
of the river, Washington Is on the north
bank. For some hundreds of miles Wash
ington Is on both banks of the river.
'There is three times as much of Wash
ington than of Oregon adjacent to the
Columbia River, tributary to the Colum
bia River, and whose products are within
easy reach of the Columbia River. It Is
true, and In this particular the State of
Washington is extremely fortunate, it has
otfrer outlets for Its commerce to the sea.
The products of the northern portion of
the state find an outlet through the wat
ers of Puget Sound. But there Is still a
very large portion of the state, a product
ive portion of the state, a portion of the
state embracing millions of acres of the
finest wheat fields in the world, that has
no other convenient outlet, except down
the Columbia River. There Is a large por
tion of territory whose only railroad fa
cilities are railroads that transfer" their
produce down the Columbia River to the
sea.
The Columbia and "Washington.
"I have here a picture that may Interest
the gentleman from Washington, clipped
from the leading paper of the North
west, and which I received yesterday,
presenting in a very striking light the In
terests that some of the constituents of
the gentleman have In the 'Improvement
of that river. It represents 70,000 sacks
of wheat at Columbus, on the Columbia
River, In Klickitat County, within, the
Stats of Washington waiting for trans
portation upon a ferry, to be carried to
the railroad on the south side of the
river, to be shipped down the river and
find its way. out to the sea. This one
county of that state sends annually
across and down the Columbia River 850,
000 bushels of wheat, which has no other
way of access to market, by steamboat,
railroad or otherwise.
"In the southeast portion of the State
of Washington, In the vicinity of Lewis-
ton, Idaho, embracing a small portion of
Idaho and a very small portion of Ore
gon, is what Is called the 'Lewlston coun
try or 'Clearwater country.' I hold a
pamphlet Issued by the Lewiston Com
mercial Club, In which It Js stated that
this country comprises 6,300,000 acres of
land; that Its only natural, logical, com
mercial outlet Is by way of the Snake and
Columbia Rivers to the Pacific Ocean;
that where 50,000 people now dwell It can
furnish homes for 350,000 more; that It Is
capable of producing 25,000,000 bushels of
wheat annually, and that the present
wheat production," of what is termed the
Inland Empire, tributary to the Columbia,
Is now 85,000,000 bushels annually.
"I am told by the Representative from
Idaho that practically the whole of the
Idaho wheat production, 8.CO0.000 bushels
annually, whenever It finds a market,
travels down and out of the Columbia
River. I am told by the gentleman's col
league from Washington that that por
tion of the State of Washington that lies
to the south and east of the Columbia
River and Snake River, called the Palouse
country, produces annually 20,000,000 bush
els of wheat. This Is practically double
the amount of wheat that Is annually
shipped out of the State of Washington,
except down and out of the Columbia
River. The gentleman himself states:
The upper part of the Columbia and Its sis
ter streams, the Snake and the Clearwater,
drain a rich and mighty inland empire, that
produced this year something like 30,000,000
bushels of tvheat.
,4In view of these facts it Is very sin
gular to me, It was very unexpected, and,
I think, as unexpected to the gentleman's
colleague as myself, that the gentleman
should charge the appropriations for this
river as an appropriation wholly for the
State of Oregon. It was a still greater
surprise Jhat the gentleman should so
vigorously oppose an appropriation that
concerns so deeply so many of his constit
uents, and which will benefit, directly
and indirectly, every resident of his state,
cheapen the transportation down the Co
lumbia River for the product of the range,
and farm of Southern Washington, and"
the railroads will meet the cut for like
produce from the northern part of the
state. The gentleman's colleagues realize
this fact. In this connection It gives me
a great deal of pleasure to be able to
point to the attitude of two of the gen
tleman's colleagues, one of whom resides
at the same city with the gentleman him
self. These men are broad-minded. They
realize that the City of Tacoma is not the
State of Washington They are broad
enough, liberal enough, to represent the
entire state which they have been elected
to represent, and to protect the Interests
of all portions of their constituency. In
response to a letter written by the Port
land Chamber of Commerce, asking these
gentlemen to assist the delegation from
Oregon and the delegation from Idaho In
securing appropriations for the Improve
ment of the mouth of th Columbia River,
Senator .Foster writes: .
... I shall be very glad to continue to
give careful attention to this important project,
which has to do with one of the great water
ways of our country. I have already consulted
with General Wilson on the premises, and am
quite familiar with his views.
"The gentleman's colleague from the
House, who resides further In the eastern
section of the state, nearer to the part of
the state most benefited by this improve
ment, writes as follows:
You may rest assured that the whole delega
tion Is Interested In this matter, and will co-
ter provide for the commerce of the en- operate wlth reon Idaho in the en
tire land, than by suitable appropriations
to deepen the harbors of the City of New
STork. (Applause.) If the 17 states repre
sented on the river and harbor commit
ter receive 76 per cent of the appropria
tions, SG per cent of the commerce of the
entire country passes through the rivers
and harbors of those states, the Improve
ments of which are provided for In this
bill.
"What Oregon Receives.
"But it Is not my Intention to further
pursue this line of remarks. I am con
cerned most with an endeavor to correct
some Qf the serious mistakes of the gen
tleman, respecting the appropriations In
which the State of Oregon and the State
of Washington are directly interested. At
some trouble and some expense he had
prepared a map. representing the North
Pacific States. Upon the center of the
map of Washington was written the sum
of $130,000. Upon the center of the mou
of Oregon was written $2,340,500. Upon the
map of the State of Idaho was written
$ . Then the gentleman turns to the
House triumphantly, and demands to
know if It Is necessary for him to say
which state was represented on the river
and harbor committee.
"Ihe gentleman probably Intended to con
vey to the House, the trend of his re
marks certainly did convey to the House,
the Impression that the State of Wash
ington receives through this bill appro
priations amounting only to $130,000, while
the State of Oregon receives appropria
tions to the amount of $2,340,500. To show
bow mistaken such an impression must
be. I need only to say that, of the sum
w oh the grntleman charges to the State
of Oregon. $2,174,000 Is appropriated for the
Improvement of the Columbia River,
w-ch is more in Washington than In
Oregon, and for the Improvement of the
deavor to secure the apprpriatlon. Our main
reliance In the matter, however. Is Mr. Tongue,
who Is a member of the committee, and there
fore is in a position to lnslft upon having the
matter taken up and cared for. I have al
ready urged the matter on several different
occasions.
"The Oregonlan, the leading paper of the
Northwest, commenting upon the river
and harbor bill, as reported to Congress,
contains the following statement:
Let us give credit where credit Is due, but
let us also give credit to the Washington and
Idaho delegations at Washington for the Snake
and Columbia River appropriations. If these
rivers flowed through Oregon, we might have
less to pat ourselves on the back about.
"In the next edition, when The Orego
nlan should seek to give credit where
credit is due, it will be compelled, I fear;
to except the gentleman from Washing
ton, upon whose remarks I am now commenting.
A Northwest Improvement.
"These gentlemen, with the Represen
tatives, too, from Idaho, recognize that
any sum expended for tne improvement
of the Columbia River, Is not a local
Improvement; It Is not an Improvement
merely for the benefit or the State of
Oregon; It Is an Improvement in the com
pletion of which the whole of the State
of Washington, the whole of the State of
Oregon, and the whole of the State of
Idaho, are Intensely Interested, and In
tensely eager to see prosecuted to com
pletion. "I am not going to underestimate the
Importance of the Improvement of the
Columbia River to the State of Oregon.
It furnishes the channel through which
every pound of Oregon's commerce into
other lands must ultimately pass. Its
maintenance is essential to the life and
land. But while this Is true, its present
and continued improvement is absolutely
essential to the full development of the
entire North Pacific Coast.
"But this representation that the Im
provements of the Columbia River are
local to the State of Oregon, Is not the
only serious mistake made by that gentle
man. Here is a portion of his remarks:
The appropriations on the Columbia Elver
have always been made, up to the present
time, on the Columbia River at the mouth of
the river between the City of Portland and
the mouth. The chief appropriations, I say,
have been made there. Now, I wish to call
attention to one or two Items of appropria
tions that have been made on the Columbia
River. In the first place, there has been ex
pended between the City of Portland and the
Columbia River $160,000 at one time, ,$155,000
at another time, $190,000 at another time, and
the present bill Increases the amount to about
$8S0,000.
"When it is remembered that the com
merce tributary to the Columbia River
passes through the City of Portland and
does not pass through Tacoma, the city In
which, the gentleman reslaes, the reasons
for attempting to make this statement are
somewhat apparent. Buc there are no
reasons, there can be no reasons, why
the gentleman should have made such a
serious and great mlstaKe m the presen
tation of the alleged facta. His state
ments of the appropriations by the Fed
eral Government for the Improvement of
the Willamette River are erroneous In
every particular. The total appropria
tions by the Federal Government for the
improvement of the Willamette River be
tween the City of Portland and the Co
lumbia River, made separate from other
improvements, have aggregated the sum
of $160,865. But the City of Portland
Itself has expended in this Improvement
in round numbers about $800,000.
"It Is not easy to get the exact amount
of appropriations for the Columbia River
below the mouth of the Willamette. In
many Instances they have Included appro
priations for the improvement of the
Willamette for a distance of 12 miles below
the City of Portland'. Up to the meeting
of the present Congress, the entire
amounts appropriated by the General Gov
ernment for the improvement of the Wil
lamette River below Portland, and the
Columbia River below the mouth of the
Willamette, has been $8,165,CS0. The com
merce along this portion of the river is
1,4S9,708 tons, and will soon oe many times
that amount. The number of passengers
carried out of the state aggregates an
nually 268.000.
"For the same period of time, the ap
propriations by Congress for the Improve
ment of the Columbia River, above the
mouth of the Willamette, Including the
improvement of the Snake River, have
been $4,412,545 13, while the freight upon
that river as yet Is exceedinly small, com
pared with the freight on tho lower river,
and must always remain so. Out of the
lower river will go practically all the
commerce of the upper river, the com
merce carried on three transcontinental
railroads, on the local railroads, and the
Willamette River. In other words. Con
gress has appropriated for the Upper Co
lumbia River, including the Snake River,
$1,342,866 more than it has appropriated
for the Lower Columbia River, with al
most 100 times the commerce.
"In other words. Congress has appro
priated 40 per cent more for the Upper
Columbia River than for the lower por
tion, including the Willamette River, with
many, many times the commerce. Yet,
in the face of these facts, accessible to
the gentleman from Washington, for Ig
norance of which he has no excuse, he
claims that Congress has discriminated
against the Upper Columbia in favor of
the lower portion of the same river. It
requires some hardihood in a member of
the House, addressing an audience of 75,
000,000 of people, to make such a state
ment, so much at variance with the actual
recorded facts.
"The gentleman Informed us that some
2000 years ago some man by the name of
Caesar Julius, or Julius Caesar, divided
Gaul Into three parts, and he .indulged in
some speculation as to what Caesar would
do had he lived to the beginning of the
twentieth century. In the light of the
gentleman's speech, I can furnish him a
fairly accurate answer to that question.
If Caesar had lived to our day, had been
a member of this Congress, had beheld the
gentleman from Washington and listened
to his speech, he would have concluded
that history had much maligned him; In
fact, that 'gall' had never been divided;
that It was still In the original package;
that Its Integrity had been fully pre
served, and that the gentleman from
Washington was in possession of, not only
the real thing, but of the whole thing.
(Laughter.) In fact, this slander against
Imperial Caesar has been so constantly
refuted that I am surprised the gentle
man should have repeated It. If he had
consu.. a more modern edition of the
story books, he would have found that
this, as well as the claim that a 'Con
gressman running at large' Is dangerous
to the peace and society of the community
have been discarded as long ago having
outlived tnelr usefulness.
"If the gentleman had devoted -one-tenth
of the time during the week or 10
days that he has spent In the preparation
of his speech, in the examination of the
reports of the engineering officers, that
he had In the preparation of his jests,
he would not have been compelled to
draw upon his Imagination for his facts,
while drawing upon his memory for his
wit.
Proper Place to Improve River.
"But had the greater portion of the Im
provements been made at the mouth of
the Columbia River, and from there to
the mouth of the Willamette a distance
of about SO miles, where the largest por
tion of the commerce Is carried, would It
have been unusual? I trust the gentle
man will yet learn that the proper way
to Improve a river is at its mouth, not at
its source. Where it enters the ocean
or another navigable river rather than
where It passes through canyons between
snow-capped mountains. The improve
ments should first go where the greatest
benefits can be derived. It would be of
no value to the people of the upper por
tion of the river to Improve it at their
doors without Improving it at Its mouth.
It would be useless to give them facilities
for getting freight Into the river without
facilities for getting it out of the river at
its junction with the ocean.
"But this Is not a full catalogue of tlie
singular mistakes of that very singular
but amusing speech. When the gentle
man -finally edits his speech for the. Rec
ord and decides what he wishes he had
said, unless he makes many material
changes, he would have to entitle It. not
'The Mistakes of Moses but 'The Mis
takes of Cushman.'
, "But I quote again from the steno
graphic notes of the speech:
Now the Chief of Engineers of the United
States Army makes some statements regarding
the expenditures at the mouth of the Columbia
River. In the first place, the former appro
priations for the mouth of the Columbia River
have been about $2,225,000. When they started
In spending money on the mouth of the Co
lumbia River they had 31 feet of water. After
they had spent $750,000 they took another
sounding, and they then had 28 fett of water.
Then they spent $750,000 more, and now they
have 24 feet. The question now resolves Itself
Into one of arithmetical proportion. If we
have spent over $3,000,000 between the City of
Portland and the sea to produce a deep chan
nel, and we have seven feet less water now
than we had. when we started, how much
water shall we have when we have spent
$5,000,000 more
"Still venting hostility against the C6
lumbla River. 'Still harping upon my
daughter. The Columbia River seems to
haunt the gentleman In his waking as
well as his dreaming hours. He seems
to have some peculiar animus against it.
I remember a distinguished professoi
who, endeavoring to impress upon his pu
pils the evils of eating a hearty supper
of mince pie, said that, after Indulging
in a meal of that kind, he had a dream,
and In his dream the professor was lying
flat on his back with His Sajtanic Majesty
astride upon his breast, thrusting mince
the tlrric the gentleman from Washington
Is through with this bill and retired to
peaceful slumbers. In his dreams he will
imagine that the waters of the Columbia
are overwhelming him; that Its fierce cat
aracts are endeavoring to force their way
through the capacious space between the
gentleman's lips, and are washing the
foundations from the commercial pros
perity of the City of Tacoma. (Laughter.)
"But again to correct these misstate
ments: I have already shown that the
appropriations expended both In the Wil
lamette and the Columbia River below
the mouth of the Willamette have ex
ceeded but little over $3,000,000, instead of
$5,000,000, as stated in the gentleman's
speech. It now remains to point out the
wonderful inaccuracy of the wonderful re
suits produced by the expenditure of that
money. If the gentleman should turn to
the report of Captain Langfitt upon the
survey of this river, he will find this
statement In reference to the improve
ments at the mouth of the Columbia
River: .
I maintenance is eseeuuai io mc uie uau i m"" " -......-, w.w.q ..v-v.
commercial supremacy of the City of Port- pie down his throat with a pitchfork. By
Active operations began In April, 1885, to
construct a Jetty, the location of which is
shown on plate 1. Work was continued with
more or less interruption until October, 18S3,
when the present Jetty was competed. . . .
The channel depth In 18S5 was 20 feet, In 1891
27 feet. In 1892 28 feet. In 1S03 and 1804 29
feet. In 1895 31 feet.
"This jetty was built at an expense, I
think, of about $13,000, and was one of the
most successful in the history of engi
neering Improvements. It Is true that a
portion of this jetty, something, I think,
near half a mile of It, from defective con
struction or otherwise, has seriously set
tled, destroying part of Its usefulness, and
some four or five feet of the depth of
water originally gained has since been
lost. It Is this fact that has made the
present project necessary to make the im
provement permanent and complete. But
while the sinking of this jetty has been
unfortunate, and while it has caused con
siderable shoaling of the bar, there is still
an Increase of depth of some five or six
feet of water, Instead of decrease of a
depth of seven feet, according to the
statement of the gentleman from Wash
ington. "Now, if the gentleman will turn to an
other portion of the report of the Chief
of Engineers for 1JSO0, he will find that the
original project for the Improvement of
the Columbia from the mouth of the Wil
lamette to the mouth of the Columbia,
only contemplated the giving of 20 feet
of water, where about 15 and at some
places 12 feet previously existed, and that
the completion of the project 'has re
sulted In maintaining a fairly good chan
nel from Portland to the mouth of the
Columbia River of from 20 to 23 feet deep
at low water,' and that now 'ships draw
ing from 20 to 24 feet freely ascend that
river to the City of Portland.' I present
the statement of the report of engineers
as an offset to the statement of the gen
tleman from Washington, and without
further comment upon that subject.
Attltnde qf Tacoma,
"I regret to see the gentleman exhibit
this hostile attitude against the improve
ment of the Columbia River. I regret that
unfortunately ho has overlooked the fact
that Tacoma Is not the State of Wash
ington, that the inhabitants of that mag
nificent young city, one of the most pros
perous on the Pacific Coast, that has had
a marvelous growth In the past, as it will
have In the future, do not share the gen
tleman's hostility to other cities, or to tho
Improvement of this great river. I believe
the people of that city are firmly con
vinced that their future growth does not
depend upon tearing others down, does
not depend upon the effort to thwart the
progress of others, and, above all, that
It does not depend upon any attempt to
injure the commercial opportunities that
are being afforded by this bill to a very
large section of the State of Washington.
"It Is useless to profess friendship for
the upper river, while opposing improve
ment of the lower. He has indulged in
statements about the improvements of
the lower river, which, if true, furnish
abundant reasons why Congress should
not appropriate one dollar for the removal
of the obstructions at the dalles and
Celllo. He has attempted to strike a
fatal blow to the Improvement of every
part of that great commercial highway.
I hope the gentleman's attitude of hos
tility to the Columbia River Is not caused
by any regrets of seeing a large portion
of the products of his magnificent young
state finding their way to the sea, and
their access to ocean vessels that transj
fer them to foreign lands, without tra
versing through the city In which he
lives.
"Tho course of this commerce will not
change. Nothing that he can do or that
I can neglect to do, will change the ordi
nary course of nature. If I should be
allowed to address him In some of his
own extravagant language, some of the
hyperbole which the gentleman can so
skillfully use, I should say to him: 'You
may live long enough to mount the sun
beams to the ethereal heavens, you may
live to slide back to earth on the milky
way. you may live to unbuckle the belly
band of the universe, but you will never
live long enough to see the commerce,
the products of the rich wheat fields. along
the banks and adjacent to the Columbia
River, leave their accustomed course,
down the banks of the Columbia River to
the sea, in order to climb the summits
of tho Cascade Mountains, to find an out
let upon the waters of Puget Sound.'
(Laughter.)
Another Cnshmnn Mlstalce.
"But I am not yet through with a cata
logue of the gentleman's mistakes. I have
still another chapter upon 'the mistakes
of Cushman.' He charges that Congress
hna victimized Washington: that his
stnte had been discriminated against; that
there has been unjust favoritism shown
! . .1 c?.t r- nrvri anil nmlnqf tbtf
State of Washington.. Let me correct
some m'ore of the. gentleman's Imagination
by a statement of facts.
"The two last river and harbor bill",
the one In 1S96 and the one In 1898, have
carried for the State of Washington, In
appropriations and authorized contracts,
which will be fully carried out. the sum
of $1,884,000. This money has been largely
expended. The remainder of It is being
now expended entirely within tho State
of Washington, not upon borders between
that and any other state. There was car
ried for Gray's Harbor alone $1,000,000.
For Everett harbor alone $592,000. During
the same period of time, carried by the
same bills, the appropriations and au
thorizations for the State of Oregon that
were approved by the department, all the
appropriations that have been or are be
ing actually expended ana to oe expenaea.
entirely within the State of Oregon,
amounted to only the sum of $685,890, a
little over one-third as much to be ex
pended entirely within the State of Ore
gon as was expended entirely within the
State of Washington. And yet, when
those two bills were framed, when the
largest one the State of Washington has
ever had was framed and passed. Oregon
had a member of the river and harbor
committee in the house, a member of the
committee on commerce In the Senate,
and the State of Washington had neither.
When the last bill was passed, the State
of Oregon had a member of the commit
tee on commerce In the Senate, and
Washington .had. a member on neither
committee.
"I put these facts, and they are facts
that can be found of record, against the
claim of the gentleman from Washington
that Congress has discriminated In favor
of Oregon and against Washington. Dur
ing the same time, the same two bills
carried appropriations for the Snake
River and the Columbia River above the
mouth of the Willamette, which Is more
In Washington than in Oregon. $888,597.
Of this sum, $12,000 was wholly in Wash
ington and Oregon, $67,000 between Van
couver and the mouth of the Willamette
River, wholly for the State of Washing
ton. There was expended on the Willam
ette River below Portland, and the Co
lumbia below the mouth of the Willam
ette, $871,000. a total for the Columbia
and Snake Rivers of $704,597. Now. if the
gentleman should indulge In imagination,
should charge the sums expended in
and Snake River -wholly to the. State of
Oregon, still these appropriatlonswould
only aggregate the sum of $1,389,897. during
the last five years. During these five
years, all the sums appropriated and au
thorised and expended for Oregon In river
and harbor Improvements, Including all
the sums appropriated and expended for
the Columbia and Snake Rivers' through
river and harbor bills, amount to only a
little more than about 60 per cent of the
sums expend entirely within the State of
Washington.
"The rivers and harbors within Wash
ington are being well taken care of under
existing contracts, while there are no con
tracts under way In Oregon. I place
these facts of trie treatment Washington
received from Oregon Senators and Oregon
Congressmen against the gentleman's
statements that Congress has dlscrlml
nated in favor of Oregon and against the
State of Washington. It certainly Is not
the gentleman's misfortune, it certainly
Is to the good fortune of his state, that
its rivers and harbors have be-en so well
taken care df in previous Congresses, that
Its real wants and necessities are exceed
ingly few.
Engineers' Recommendations.
"In the same line and In connection with
this, I want to call attention to an
other of the 'mistakes of Cushman." In
thn table that he nlaced before the House
he endeavored to show, or claim, that In
the states represented by the members
of the river and harbor committee a
much larger proportion of the recommen
dations of the engineers had been adopt
ed. In pursuance of this plan, he nas
alleged that the engineers have recom
mended appropriations for the State of
Washington for $650,000, while they have
received but $180,000. I have asked the
gentleman for the Items which compose
this sum, but as yet have not recelveC
them. I controvert the statement as to
tho amount recommended by the Chief of
Engineers.
"I hold before me the book of esti
mates, and which contains the amount
which the chief of engineers recommends
can be appropriated, or rather that can
be profitably used within the State of
Washington for the coming fiscal year.
The total amount Is $246,000, instead of
$680,000. In this sum was Included $125,000
for a ship canal between the Sound and
Lake Washington. Thero have been ap
propriated at different times for this
project, $175,000, but about $5000 has been
expended in four years, leaving on hand
something like $170,000. At this rate of
expenditure the committee thought fur
ther appropriation unnecessary, and made
none. Outside of that appropriation, the
recommendations were for $121,000. In
recommending this amount the engineers
overlook $32,719 49 on hand for the Im
provements of Puget Sound and Its trib
utary waters. This- left but $88,280 59, and
we have appropriated $130,000. It is pos
sible that In making up the $6SO,0CO, the
gentleman has included projects reported
by the engineers, Including the Improve
ment at Tacoma. This might be a fair
method If he had followed it in other
states. But if he had followed the same
method In the State of Oregon, and fol
lowed also his method of charging the
Columbia and Snake Rivers to Oregon, he
would have found that the recommenda
tions of the engineers. Including the
projects that they have heretofore ap
proved and recommended, covered, In
stead of less than $1,012,000, something over
$10,000,000. He would have found that
Instead of appropriating the large per
cent, which I think he claimed, something
like 88 per cent, we would have appropri
ated for Oregon less than 8 per cent.
"But if he includes the Tacoma project
in his estimates, it Is not recommended by
the engineers, except conditionally. Cap
tain Langfitt, after stating that the
project Is for dredging the city waterway
from Eleventh street to Fourteenth street,
states as follows: .
In my opinion, the improvement outlined In
the report, that Is, dredging In the city water
way. Is a worthy Improvement, and Is urgent
ly needed at the present time.. "Whether this
Improvement should be made by the Govern
ment, or by private interests on account of
the conditions surrounding this waterway, as
explained In the report, seems uncertain to me,
and I have left this question open for higher
authority to decide.
"It Is further stated that the harbor out
side of this waterway Is of ample depth,
nee- no Improvement, and the contem
plated Improvement Is for the purpose of
securing further dockage, and will be of
inestimable value to private property. No
recommendations were made for any ap
propriation in the present bill, as recom
mendations are rarely made In any new
project until it has been approved by
Congress.
Cnslimnn's Effort Summed Up.
"I might point out further mistakes of
this remarkable speech of the gentleman.
It was very entertaining, it was very
amusing. Like other members of tho
House, I was delighted to hear It; it fur
nished needed recreation and food for
merriment. But I regret exceedingly, as
I think some of his best friends from
Washington regret, that he should have
found It necessary In endeavoring to se
cure recognition for his own state to as
sail his neighbors, or any other portion
of the Union. I have no such animosity
to any portion of the state that the gen
tleman represents. It has no river or
harbor the improvement of which I should
not rejoice to see. If the gentleman should
succeed, by amendment In this House, or
In the Senate, In securing additional sums
for the Improvement of any additional
harbors or rivers within his state, none
will rejoice more than I. That the ap
propriations for his state are not larger
is attributable to no fault or neglect of
'mine. After listening to the very able
remarks of his colleagues, I am Inclined
to think that possibly this committee may
have overlooked a worthy improvement at
Gray's Harbor. If the. House should con
cur in this view, there would certainly be
no objection from me, or any Representa
tive from the State of Oregon.
"The gentleman will always find, his
colleagues will always find, that In any
jeffort to build up his magnificent state,
and In present resources md prospect for
future development. It Is one of the grand
est and most magnificent states In the
Union, he will find that delegation from
Oregon, in House and Senate, standing
by him, hand in hand, shoulder to shoul
der, ready to render him every help with
in Its power. He will find us neighbors
and friends, ready to work In friendship
in building up, not enemies, laboring In
hostility, to pull down' his state, cripple
Its progress or retard Its prosperity."
PARISIANS FIGHT DUEL
COUNT DE LUBERSAC "WOUNDED BY
BAROXDE ROTHSCHILD.
Both Men ' Fonght Furiously Inci
dent Had Origin in a Boys'
Quarrel.
PARIS, Jan. 20. The long-expected
duel between the Count de Lubersac and
Baron Robert de Rothschild was fought
with words at 11 o'clock this morning
on Baron Edmund de Rothschild's es
tate at Boulogne, near the Seine. The
carriages with the principals, seconds,
doctors and a few friends, arrived there
from Pari3 shortly before 11 o'clock.
Count de Lubersac's seconds were M.
Schege and Count de Laborde, and those
of Baron de Rothschild were Baron
Leonlno, and Viscount de Bondy. The
duel began at 11 and lasted 10 minutes,
when Count de Lubersac received a
lunge, perforating his arm at the elbow
to the armpit. The duel was then
stopped.
Both the Count and the Baron fought
most determinedly. Neither flinched nor
showed the slightest desire to spare the
other. Sixteen engagements took place,
all of a desperate character. The com
batants attacked each other furiously.
Tb.e sleeves of their shirts were literally
torn to pieces by the points of their
swords as the duellists repeatedly lunged
at each other." Several times they came
to close quarters, and their seconds were
obliged to separate them.
At the 16th onslaught. Baron de Roths
child lunged at the Count, who tried to
parry but failed, and the Baron's sword
penetrated his arm just above the elbow,
and issued at the armpit. The specta
tors hastened around the wounded man,
and two well-known physicians, Drs.
Berger and Polrricr, examined the
wound. The doctors said the Count's
life was not In danger, but It was Im
possible to continue the duel. Count de
Lubersac was then driven back to Paris.
Baron de Rothschild Is still performing
military service with the Fifty-fourth
regiment of Infantry, in garrison at Com.
plegne. He only attained his majority
yesterday, and lost no time In settling
his account with Count de Lubersac.
The Rothschfld-Lubersac Incident,
which brought out a remarkable crop of
duels, had its origin In a boy's quarrel,
dating from the time when Count de Lu
bersac and Baron Robert de Rothschild
were at the same college. They quar
reled one day In regard to a tennis court
which was occupied by Rothschl'd,
and which Count de Lubersac wanted.
During the quarrel Lubersac called his
adversary "sale julff" (dirty Jew).
Ill feeling was revived after they left
collesre by an expression attributed to
Baron Robert de Rothschild respecting
Count de Lubersac, which was repeated
to the latter soon after his admission to
the Jockey Club The Count then wrote
a letter In which he announced himself
ready to meet the Baron on the field Of
honor, although, as he expressed It, "you
know how you and your people inspire
me with disgust."
Baron de Rothschild sent as his second
M. Saint Alery and De Nuflise to Count
de Lubersac, who appointed Count do
Dion and Count Bonl de Castellane as
his seconds. Baron Robert de Roths
childs' seconds stated in a letter subse
quently published that their efforts to se
cure an encounter had failed because of
the refusal of Count de Lubersac's sec
onds to allow the duel to take place
when they discovered that Baron do
Rothschild was still a minor.
Letters of Baron Robert to his seconds
and to the Count added fuel to the
flames, and the Count announced his pur
pose to again send his seconds when the
Baron should attain his majority. He
also wrote to Baron Robert's cousin,
Earon Eduoard Rothschild, son of Baron
Alphonse de Rothschild, stating that
as the son of the head of the Rothschild
family, he should hold him responsible,
and at their first meeting would insult
him. A duel followed between Count de
Lubersac and Baron Edouard de Roths
child April 12 of last year, in which tho
latter was slightly wounded, in tne lore-
arm In the first bout. .
does In the time. As a matter of fact
all his engagements are made weeks, and
sometimes months, ahead, and every hour
almost every minute, is mapped out for
him.
When the correspondent was ushered
Into his study at Marlborough House, the
Prince was seated at an old-fashioned
pedestal writing-desk, the fac simile of
the one used by his father, the late Prince
Consort, which was piled high with papers
and documents of all descriptions. Ho
wore a black morning coat and vest, dark
gray trousers, square-fronted collar, with
a white-spotted black bow tie, and patent
leather shoes, and in his fingers he held
the Inevitable cigar. His manner was
kind in the extreme. It was merely like
an elderly business man, smiling a kindly
welcome to some young and daring in
truder. "Well, what do you want me to say?"
was his royal highness query, as soon
as the preliminary greeting was over.
The correspondent launched forth hla
questions, beginning with Inquiries about
the numerous public dinners which tha
Prince attended, and alluding to the pub
lished statement that the Prince held tha
record for the largest sum of money ever
collected at one banquet.
"Yes, that's correct: I certainly hold
tho record in that respect," said tho
Prince. "And presiding at dinners, etc.,
for the benefit of charities, especially Ma-
sonic ones, is almost a pleasure to me.
The only part which I do not like about
the proceedings Is If the dinner drags
Itself out to a considerable length. That
I do not like, and when dining In private
at home, the meal seldom lasts more than
an hour."
"I have read many times in reports
of dinners, etc., at which your royal high
ness has been present," said the corre
spondent, "that you wore continually
smiling during tho proceedings, and
seemed to be enjoying yourself Very
much."
"Yes," replied the Prince, a shade of
weariness creeping into his eyes, "that 13
where I act. If only you knew how ter
ribly bored I am by the Inordinate length
of some of these dinners and the speeches,
and how I am all the time longing to get
away, you would be really sorry for me.
But there, I must not say too much on
that subject."
With regard to horseraclng and betting,
his royal highness said: "I think racing
is tho finest sport in the world, and I
only regret that It should be harmful at
the amount of betting which goes on.
Personally I am strongly averse to tho
practice, and I always use what influenco
I possess to discountenance It amongst my
personal friends, especially when It la
made a regular practice of and the stakes
are large."
"There are many people who think that
your royal highness has a very easy life
of It, and that the hardest duties which
you have to perform are attending state
functions," said the Interviewer.
"Now, here Is some information for
you," said the Prince. "Do you know
that I, myself, see every letter which is
addressed to me, and in the majority of
Instances dictate the reply? When the
mail arrives In the morning It Is opened
by my secretary's staff, and sorted Into
three groups letters from personal friends
and relatives, those bearing on state af
fairs, and. thirdly, begging letters and
petitions. I make it my business to make
myself aware of the contents of each.
This of Itself Is no light task, when you
take Into consideration the fact that eacn
morning's mail consists of some hundreds
of letters. So that those who say mine
is an Idle life, malign me."
Asked his opinion on South African af
fairs, he smilingly shook his head and
refused to be drawn out, but he said that,
he should always remember with the deep
est affection and regard the heroic con
duct of the troops In the campaign. "One
more question," said the correspondent.
"What Is yoUr royal highness favorite
recreation?"
"Shooting," he replied unhesitatingly.
"There Is nothing I like better than a
good day's hunt. It seems to be the only
thing which takes me out of myself, and
makes me forget the club and responsi
bilities of my position."
There was one more remark that the
Prince made which will be of Interest, as
It bears on the America's cup, for, al
though he has not taken so much Inter
est In yachtraclng since the Britannia,
Count de Lubersac, a few days pre
viously, fought with and wounded M. h openly confcsses that "there are few
things which I would like better than to
Michael Ephreu3sl, and a third duel, ar
ising from the same controversy, was
fought between De Dion and M. de Saint
Alery, In which the latter was wounded.
INTERVIEW WITH WALES.
Tnllced With Frnnkness About Him
self and Views.
LONDON. Jan. U. The following Is the
substance of an Interview with the Prince
of Wales which is to appear shortly in a
London magazine. There is every reason
to believe It Is perfectly genuine, and it
is understood to be the first Interview in
which his royal highness has been direct
ly quoted:
A correspondent who had been priv
ileged to meet the Prince of Wales on
more than one occasion, had an Interview
with England's future King, at Marl
borough House, his royal highness' Lon
don residence, some days ago. The Prince
talked with great frankness concerning
himself, and his views on various sub
jects. If any one ever deserved the ap
pellation of a "busy man," the Prince
does. There are few city merchants and
business men who work harder than he
does. Even the London public has no
Idea of the quantity of work he gets
through In the course of a day. It Is only
by following a most methodical arrange
ment that he Is able to do so much as Me
see the America's cup come home again."
For Creditors Firm of "VV. L. Stronar.
NEW YORK, Jan. 20. Acceptance of 40
cents on the dollar by the creditors ot
W L. Strong is recommended by the ad
visory committee appointed to inquire
Into the affairs of the firm of which the
ex-Mayor was the principal member.
The book accounts, the cash In the bank,
the various claims represented by note,
the Interest In mills now In operation,
and an Insurance policy on the life of a
debtor, foot up $781,110. The liabilities,
which include secured and unsecured
creditors are $7S1,415, leaving an actual
deficit of $305. The indorsement of Stott's
notes for more than $1,000,000 was the chief
cause of the failure of the ex-Mayor's
firm.
Resuscitated Man Still Alive.
HAMILTON, O., Jan. 20. Marcus Sauer,
the man afflicted with dropsy, who was
revived, after apparent dissolution, by the
Injection of a solution of sodium chloride,
January 11, Is still alive. Since his re
suscitation Sauer has steadily gairied lij
vigor, and the acute symptoms of his
dropsical affliction are disappearing.
There is every prospect that Sauer's Ufa
wlll.be prolonged for some time.
RETURN OF LEGISLATORS.
Most of Absent Members Baclc at
Capltnl.
SALEM, Or., Jan. 20. Most of the ab
sent members of the Legislature returned
today, to be in readiness for the legis
lative session at 2 o'clock tomorrow. Some
are yet away, however, and will not come
till morning.
It was unexpectedly quiet tonight at
the Capitol and around the hotel lobbies.
There is no movement around the vari
ous Senatorial headquarters, and there
have been no developments whatever in
the Senatorial situation. What progress
has been made In the matter of a Sena
torial caucus can only be conjectured. The
promoters of the call express themselves
as still confident that they will get the
necessary 46. Tomorrow night will finally
tell the tale, so far as the caucus is con
cerned. It is expected that Speaker Reoder will
be Teady to announce his committees to
morrow, and the business of the Legisla
ture will then proceed witnout inter
ruption, except, of course, from the Sena
torial contest, If that is protracted.
Nebraska. Senatorial Deadlock.
LINCOLN, Neb., Jan. 20. Indications
tonight are that there will be no change
in the Senatorial deadlock for several
days.
Rctnrn of Canadian Troops.
CAPE TOWN, Jan. 20. The British
steamer Lake Erie sailed for Canada to-
those two bills upon the Columbia River J day, carrying 400 of Strathcona's Horse.
5
This is the oldest Private Medical
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the first Medical Dispensary ever
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old, reliable specialist has been man
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during which time tnousands of cases
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Since Dr. Kessler started the St.
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GOOD DOCTORS.
Many doctors in country towns send patients to Dr. Kessler, because
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J. Henri Kessler, M. D Manager.
Patients treated In any part of the country by his home system.
Write
promptly.
full nartlculars. enclose ten 2c stamps and we will answer you
Hundreds treated at home who are unable to come to the city.
DCin TUIC Take a clear bottle at bedtime, and urinate in the bottle, set
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' St. Louis Medical and Surgical Dispensary.
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