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THE MOUSING OREGO-S'IA-N, MONDAY, JANUARY 14, IS01.
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rORTTiAJVD, MONDAY, JANUARY 14
An address to Congress by our Leg
islature on behalf of a, memorial cele
bration in Oregon of the centenary of
the Lewis and Clark expedition should
get attention at the legislative session
that begins today. The General Gov
ernment should be asked to assist at
this Important centennial, for It wUl
commemorate a National enterprise of
the first Importance. There Is still an
other thing. At the Pan-American ex
position, to be held at Buffalo from
May to November this year, Oregon
ought to be represented. An exhibit of
the products and resources of Oregon
there would attract great attention,
md would go far toward making the
Lewis and Clark celebration of 1905
successful. It would direct attention
hither. In a very effective way. Five
commissioners under appointment from
the Governor of Oregon may represent
our state at the Buffalo exposition.
They will give their time to it willing
ly; but will the state provide them with
means? If it do not, our people can
hardly expect -that much heed will be
given to their call for National recog
nition of , the Lewis and Clark centen
ary.
No one knew better than Andree the
chances of failure that beset his aerial
path, and the publication of his will
Is the most conclusive evidence yet dis
closed of the utter hopelessness of his
return. On the 11th of next July four
years will have passed since Andree,
with Dr. Strlndberg and Engineer
Fraenkel, embarked at Danes Island,
Spitzenbergen, on their daring voyage
across the polar basin. This striking
venture has been called the most dra
matic event of the nineteenth century,
and If It Is not that. It Is at least a
powerful exhibit in the survival of that
spirit of adventure we are wont to de
plore as having passed away with the
old chivalry. From Africa comes an
other such story, the apprehension of
Professor Garner's death in the wilds
of the Dark Continent, whither he had
gone to resume his studies in the rudi
mentary efforts of monkeys at. articu
late speech. The average practical
man of affairs has enly mirth or Impa
tience for Andree's effort to seek the
pole in a balloon and for Garner's pro
fessed achievements In the study of
monkey language. The small results
of these martyrdoms we can admit,
without detracting from the dauntless
spirit that sent the adventurers forth!
with their lives in their hands, like
Jesuits to the Iroquois, or knights to
the sepulcher of Christ. Doubtless Mr.
Gradgrlnd, who sneers at Andree and
Gamer as economists, would also ac
cede to the incompatible doctrine that
all mankind has forgotten heroism in
the chase for the dollar.
It seems to be the general expecta
tion that the Federal office-holders of
the state will leave their posts of duty
this week In order to further the can
didacy of Senator McBride for re-election.
This is a course of unmixed per
nlclousness, and one which we hope to
see abandoned If It is actually contem
plated. Surely these public servants
do not Imagine that their personal and
private ends are to be considered by
the Legislature In selecting a man to
represent Oregon in the United States
Senate. If they have any sense of the
dignity of their offices. If they have
any desire to deal honestly by the pub
lic whose contributions pay their sal
aries, let them remain at their posts
of duty and leave the Legislature to
do Its work as the law directs. It
would seem that efforts of a Collector
or Postmaster to serve his chief would
be so palpably selfish In their object
as to discount them In the eyes
of the members approached, even If
the transparent character of the en
deavor to keep their places did not
shame the office-holders themselves.
We shall doubtless be told that this
thing has been done In the past. Very
likely it has. though we do not recall
an instance of such general and strenu
ous activity as Is now said to be con
templated. But If It has been done In
the past, it should be done no longer.
Do our Federal office-holders wish to
stand for the doctrine that the Gov
ernment pays them to maintain legis
lative lobbies at state capitals? If they
do. they are faithless servants.
The universe has n deeper mystery
than the mind of man. The Influences
that result in conduct and In history
are often past finding out. and always
past full explanation. A striking ex
emplification of this well-worn truth
Is afforded In the reason given by Sen
ator Davis for his belief In Christianity.
"I know human history," he is reported
to have said, "and I know that in the
first century something happened that
destroyed the old world and gave birth
to the new. The resurrection of Jesus
would account for that change, and I
do not know of any other adequate so
lution that has ever been proposed."
Every man has his own private rea
son for acceptance or rejection of Chris
tianity, and It must be admitted that
Senator Davis had as logical a one
as most others, for logic is not much
In evidence in the realm of the emo
tions. But what has history been doing
In the nineteenth century, If not de
veloping the natural and invvltable rise
of Christianity? As for the resurrection
of Jesus, it had no vogue in the world
In the first century. The martyrs were
the seed of the church. They believed
In immortality because the apostles
taught it, but of the physical evidences
for and against the resurrection they
knew nothing. Yet Davis had his be
lief, and for him perhaps It was the
best belief, because the most convinc
ing. Borne men accept Christianity be
cause It seems to them a natural
growth out of evolution; some because
of the crucifixion; some because of re
liance upon parental or clerical teach
ing; some because It is the fashion.
There are, alas! very few whose Ideas
on any subject proceed from Impartial
Investigation and sincere thought. We
accept things because of their real or
fancied utility to our purposes, and
then we cast about for their justifica
tion. Senator Davis grounds of belief
are as relevant as those of many a
man who disbelieves because a deacon
once foreclosed a. mortgage on him, or
because preachers are opposed to Intemperance.
The Philippine Commissioners must
be presumed to know their business,
and yet one could wish their plan of
permissive religious Instruction In con
nection with Luzon schools might be
abandoned. The arguments against it
brought by the cable are manifestly
made to order by American sympathiz
ers, who have evidently found soma
means of putting phrases in the mouth
of the Insurgents. This talk about sep
aration of Church and State and con
stitutional Inhibitions has a hollow
sound when purporting to come from
people who rejoiced in the fact that
the Democratic party, led by Governor
Bryan, of Massachusetts, had openly
taken the field against "imperialism."
Nevertheless, the grounds of objection
are Impressive. If any considerable
body of Filipinos have become Imbued
with the Idea that education and re
ligion should be separately pursued,
the way seems open for a noteworthy
advance on Spanish methods, and one
which might have been expected to
take a long time. It Is not our 'policy
to mix ecclesiastical with governmental
functions, and the disposition against
It is part of the unwritten American
Constitution from which the document
of 1787 Is derived. The history of
priestly dominion In the Philippines Is
such as to promise popular support for
such procedure as Dr. Burgos seems
to be urging In vain upon Judge Taft.
It Is worth the notice of "antl-lmperi-allsm,"
by the way, that the commis
sioners discuss the question from the
standpoint of the best results for the
islanders themselves. There Is no sign
of the cloven hoof of tyranny in the de
termination to make rules that will
secure the greatest good to the great
est number.
A WORD OP FIEXDLY COUNSEL.
It has been many years since a Legis
lature assembled at Salem whose mem
bership gave promise of greater earn
estness and usefulness than the one
that will be called to order In Its sep
arate Houses this morning at Salem.
It is. needless to explain why this is
so, but two Important reasons may be
found In the seriousness Impressed upon
our people by Oregon's part In the
Spanish War and also In the general
expectation of an era of Important de
velopment about to ensue for the Par
clfic Coast The evidence of this hope
ful character of the Legislature Is
found, for one thing, In the fact that
never before has The Oregonlan's ef
fort to elicit discussion of contemplated
measures met such general and
thoughtful response from members.
If the Legislature wishes to ratify
these optimistic expectations concern
ing Itself, It will proceed to elect a
United States Senator early In the ses
slon, and do It without discreditable
broils or Interference with needed leg
islation. It will eliminate at once the
clerk scandal of previous sessions, and
pass a law giving the next session
greater facility to reform this abuse.
It will appoint committees that will
investigate every department of the
state government and every state es
tablishment in a thorough rather than
perfunctory manner. Where anything
Is wrong. It will point it out and sug
gest a remedy. We especially urge
upon the Legislature that it deal fairly
with Eastern Oregon, whose growing
importance, wealth and population give
It a different standing from what It oc
cupied when the Willamette Valley
was practically the state
With the general subjects of state
legislation, no extensive changes are
notably proposed or probable of pas
sage. Our Judicial, legislative, execu
tive, institutional, educational and as
sessment and taxation systems will
probably remain substantially as the
last Legislature left them. Politically,
the only measure of moment likely to
be passed Is. the direct primary reform,
-which we are pretty certain to get In
some form, carrying also amendments
to the Australian ballot and registry
law. Opposing schemes for relief of
the Supreme Court are likely to de
stroy each other, aided by the recent
plebiscite against increase of Judges.
There are a few thlng3 of special but
real importance we hope to see the
Legislature act upon favorably as be
longing to public policy We should
have earnest and vigorous recognition
of the Oregon and Oriental centennial
of 1905; appropriation In aid of the Ore
gon volunteers' memorial monument;
demand for a canal and locks at the
dalles of the Columbia; a constitutional
amendment permitting an Insane asy
lum In Eastern Oregon, and some defi
nite policy, liberal and business
like, toward the State University and
Normal Schools. With reference to
this last topic. It Is unjust that our In
stitutions of learning, to some extent
fathered by the Legislature, should
longer be embarrassed by their present
anomalous and precarious status
toward the state. If the university. In
particular, is to be a State University.
It must have support to enable It to
maintain that position with dignity and
credit to the state. If not, U should
learn its fate at once, so it may be re
duced, as will then be necessary, to
the name and grade of a college.
The Multnomah delegation confronts
no easy task. Nearly all, if not all, of
its members seem Imbued with earnest
desire to make a good record for them
selves and serve this city and county
to advantage. Some of them cherish
ambitious plans for charter amend
ments which are not yet matured, and
which may develop Impracticability
upon closer Investigation. The present
charter is well conceived in purpose,
and in the main accurately designed.
It should be approached carefully, and
In no hostile spirit, but with the desire
to perfect it as a medium of economical
administration. The delegation will do
well to hold to Its Indicated purpose of
profiting by the mistakes of others In
legislating men out of ofilce. Consoli
dations to take effect at the expiry
of existing terms will harm no one, but
there Is no surer way of adding to an
official's popularity than by making a
martyr of him. The Legislature should
reject the bill for compulsory pilotage
on the Columbia and Willamette Rivera
and pass an act enabling Portland to
bond Itself for a drydock.
SILVER BURDEN ROLLING AWAY.
As the money question becomes sub
ordinated In partisan politics, the hope
of rational action by Congress on coin
age problems correspondingly rises.
The two most pressing problems, evi
dently, are the sliver burden In the
Treasury and the needs of the Philip
pines. For the first time men like Sec
retary Gage and Horace White dare to
say to a Congressional committee that
we must make of our silver, as of our
treasury notes, promises to pay gold,
and that the task of maintaining the
silver unquestionably at par. If we have
to sell some of It to reduce Its volume,
must be bravely and honestly met. We
have all known this all along, but the
fear has been that the public credit and
our political exigencies might not stand
the strain.
The situations in Mexico and the Phil
ippines, betokening scarcity of silver,
hint that the task may become easier
as It Is approached, and India's experi
ence tends measurably in the same di
rection. Scarcity of silver coin in Mex
ico, so great as to produce distress, Is
explained by exports to the Philippines,
but the explanation Is Inadequate, In
view of the fact that an equal scarcity
is reported from Manila. We can only
conclude that the world-wide prosper
ity of the past two or three years has
absorbed Into active use an Immense
amount of silver coin. The resultant
scarcity Is seen not only In silver-using
countries like Mexico, China, India, the
Philippines and the West Indies, but In
the United States Itself, and Is also
reflected In the advance of sliver quo
tations In every great market-place.
Exigency In the Philippines and our
oppressive silver accumulation In the
Federal Treasury lend two-fold proml
lse to the Administration's scheme for
a Philippine currency. This is to coin
an unlimited number of Filipino dollars
bearing emblems of local significance
and evidence that they were coined In
the United States. Each of these dol
lars, or whatever the coin may be
called, will contain 45 cents' worth of
sliver bullion, and they will be fur
nished in unlimited quantities to those
who are willing to pay 50 cents In gold
for them. They will also be redeem
able In gold at the option of the holder.
The margin of 5 cents is to give an elas
ticity to the coin, which will naturally
advance the price of silver If It Is Is
sued In any great quantities. These
coins will be disbursed by the Govern
ment In the payment of Its regular ex
penses at the different Army posts In
the Philippines at their face value,
which Is 50 cents In American coin, and
it is believed that they will soon dis
place the Mexican dollars, which con
tain a little more silver, and are there
fore of greater intrinsic value. At the
present price of bullion the Mexican
dollar Is actually worth about 52 cents,
and the proposed dollar will be worth
only 45 cents. The proposed coinage
would absorb $2,000,000 or $3,000,000
worth of silver a month Indefinitely,
and It Is believed that It would eventu
ally take the place of Mexican dollars
In China and the East Indies, although
the Orientals are very conservative and
would hesitate to adopt a new form of
money.
Thus In different ways our stiver bur
den is being rolled away. It looked al
most hopeless In 1893, but the ameliora
tion in the situation is a Just and per
haps natural reward for our determina
tion In adhering to the gold standard
and accepting manfully the responsi
bility laid upon us In the Philippines.
A RELIC OF BARBARISM.
The Investigation of the methods of
hazing at West Point by a Military
Commission and a Congressional com
mittee have been searching enough to
make it certain that former Cadet
Booz did not owe his death to haz
ing. It is evident that under proper
medical examination a young man af
fected with tuberculosis and defective
eyesight would not have been admit
ted to the academy. Nothing suffered
by Booz at West Point would have
caused the death of any young man
who was fit to pass an Army medical
examination. Nevertheless, the Inves
tigations have extorted a large mass
of testimony from the cadets which
proves beyond question that hazing
practices prevail at West Point that
are cowardly in spirit and barbarous
in practice. The present superintend
ent and commandant of cadets have
done everything In their power to
break up hazing, but with only partial
success, despite the fact that both par
ties, the hazers and the hazed, have
been severely dealt with. The diffi
culty Is that the upper classes are de
termined to maintain the practice of
hazing the plebes. and succeed because
resistance on the part of the student
hazed Is answered by a challenge to a
pugilistic battle to a finish with an
upper-class man. If the plebe happens
to knock out his antagonist, which sel
dom happens, he Is challenged by an
other of his persecutors until he Is
knocked out or has worsted every
fighting man in the upper classes.
With this prospect before him, the
plebe naturally thinks It better to take
his hazing as patiently as possible.
Should he refuse to fight, he would be
"sent to Coventry" and his life made
so Intolerable that he would be com
pelled tc resign. The hazers therefore
have their own way so completely that
a whole, class felt compelled to wait on
Colonel Haln and notify him that they
must be absolved from their promise
to abstain entirely from hazing. They
were forced to do this on the demand
of the upper classes, which they were
not prepared to refuse at the cost of
the pain ,and penalties the upper
classes stood ready to inflict. The tes
timony taken at West Point shows that
hazing there continues to exist in
forms that prove it a survival of the
hrutal "fag" system that once pre
vailed In the. great English public
schools. It Is a relic of barbarism that
existed In every college of the country
fifty years ago, and Is not yet entirely
'extinct In some of the small fresh
water colleges of the land. The cow
ardly quality of brutal methods of haa
Ing Is not more apparent than the bar
baric stupidity upon which it rests for
justification, viz., that readiness for a
fist fight Is properly part of a military
training and presumptive proof of the
kind of pluck that Is wanted on the battle-field.
Nothing Is more absurd than thlB the
ory of military courage. The meanest
skulkers and "hospital" slinks during
the Civil War were nominal soldiers
who had been town bruisers and bullies
In time of peace, and the quiet men
who had never struck a blow In anger
since boyhood were the. steadiest men
In storming rifle pits or resisting des
perate assaults. Some of the most
heroic officers In the Union and Con
federate ArmleB had been clergymen,
theological students, school teacherB,
men of peaceful, non-puglllstlc habits
since childhood. As a rule, such men
made admirable soldiers, because mili
tary courage in an officer is chiefly
moral courage, for which men of will,
Intelligence and hlgh-mlndedness are
always conspicuous. Pugilism stands
for nothing but strength, skill, endur
ance and bnlldog ferocity, attributes
that do nqt count for much when a
man commands men on the firing-line.
Byron was from boyhood constitution
ally brave and pugnacious; he was a
fine boxer, a good pistol shot, could
fence, swim and ride well, but he con
fesses in his letters that the poet Shel
ley, a delicate-looking man of frail
physique, was the bravest, most self
possessed man he ever saw In an hour
of Impending shipwreck.
Byron said that while he and his
other companions had a chance, for
they could all swim, Shelley had no
chance If thfc vessel had struck, for
he could not swim at all, and yet he
faced what seemed certain death with
entire composure. Byron was right.
The courage that faces danger Involv
ing death is not "born of pugilism or
creature pugnacity. Napoleon, who
had been five times wounded and was
never "rattled" under fire, was a stu
dent, a brooding, thoughtful boy; while
Nelson, the Napoleon of the sea, was
as delicate and effeminate-looking a
boy as the poet Shelley.
The whole theory of hazing Is born
of barbaric stupidity. It is a practice
that is instinct with cowardice, Injus
tice and petty tyranny. The manly
stuff of men In civil life is tested with
out resort to "scrapping," and bulldog
pugilism has no proper place in the
training of an Army officer.
Senator Josephl will reintroduce his
bill, which was passed by the Senate
but lost In the House, last session, pro
viding for the conveyance of insane pa
tients to the Asylum by attendants sent
from that institution for the purpose.
This Is regarded as both an economic
and a humane proposition, since the
duty will be performed by an attend
ant already under pay, and will insure
to the unfortunate patient the care of
an escort well acquainted with the Idio
syncrasies of Insane persons, and capa
ble of ministering intelligently to their
needs. That there Is a positive abuse
in the present system of conveying in
sane women to the Asylum cannot be
doubted. If ever a woman needs the
sympathetic, helpful companionship of
one of her own sex, it is on a journey
occupying several hours or days, as
the case may be, from her home to the
Asylum for the Insane. It may be
hoped that this feature of the matter
may be well looked to by the framer
of this bill and the legislators who will
be called to pass upon it.
Though the Populist Governor of
Idaho, successor of Governor Steunen
berg, has issued an order revoking the
arrangements which Steurrenberg had
made and enforced for peace and order
in the Coeur d'Alene region, the next
outbreak of riot there will cause a revo
lution in the politics of Idaho. For
even Idaho cannot desire riot, dyna
mite, arson and murder. Steunenberg
has only to wait for the next outbreak
for his vindication. If the old gang
shall regain ascendency in the Coeur
d'Alene district, it will not be delayed
long.
Possibly some of the women who are
discussing the servant-girl problem
know that the reason they cannot get
scullions Is because housewives don't
like to do the work themselves. In fact,
this may be the Indeterminable factor
of the whole domestic problem. If
these estimable women have not
thought of It, the hint may be made
that there never yet has been a sery.
ice In the world that, could not be pur
chased If a price were paid for It.
A severe setback has been given the
beet-sugar Industry in Minnesota by
Attorney-General Douglas' decision
that the beet-sugar bounty law of 1895
Is Invalid, following the refusal of the
State Auditor to Issue a warrant for
520,000 claimed by the Minnesota Beet
Sugar Company. The opinion Is based
on the principle that the people can
not be taxed for the benefit of a pri
vate enterprise.
Astoria merchants are boycotting the
O. R. & N. Are they boycotting As
toria? They, lament that Astorlans go
to Portland to make purchases. But
cannot 'Astoria merchants sell what
people want and need? Mu3t purchas
ers go to Portland for the best goods
and prices? If not, why do they 7
Owing to press of legislative matter
from Salem and Olympla, The Orego
nlan Is compelled to forego publication
of several Interesting and timely com
munications. We shall have the usual
space for letters from the people after
the Legislatures adjourn.
If oui minister should circulate a
subscription paper for raising money
to -carry on an antl-vlce crusade, they
would act very pertinently to the point
The British keep Boer captives, but
the Boers release BritiBh. Apparently
the two have unequal opinions of each
other.
If England Anglicizes the American
ized Hay-Pauncefote treaty, will It be
rejected because of being Anglo-Ameri-
can?
MD.NETARY STOCK OF THE WORLD
Chlcftgd Times-Herald.
It will be instructive to learn where the
Director of the Mint finds authority for
hjs. statement that there has been an In
crease, ot over 100 per cent In the money
of the world within less than a genera
tion. He places the present monetary
etock ot the world at $11,600,000,000, which
Is probably a safe estimate. But this Is
not double the estimate of the world's
money made 40 years ago by Mulhall.
The following table gives an interesting
view of how the total monetary stock of
the world has increased during the last SO
years:
1843 Mulhall's estimate $ 4,025.000.000
1SC0 Mulhall's estimate 0,000.000.000
1833 U S. mint estimate 8.032.000,000
1S90 Mulhall's estimate 12,185.000,000
1S02-U S. mint estimate 10,532.000.000
1300 U S. mint estimate 11.600.000.000
In regard to the apparent discrepancies
In the foregoing, It should be borne in
mind that the figures of the United States
mint have not included as many countries
as the other estimates.
Another interesting fact shown In the
statistics of the world's money ts that the
uncovered paper, which was once one
third of the total, is now only one-fourth
of It, while gold has risen from one-fifth
until now It Is over one-third of the total.
This Is shown In the following figures for
ISIS and 1S94:
Gold t 785.000.000 14.135.000,000
Sliver 1.040.000.000 4.494.000.000
Uncovered paper. 1.300,000.000 2,455,000,000
Note Yilso, how the 6tock of gold ha8 al
most overtaken that of silver
In the United States on December 1 lost
the stock of money In the United States
was as follows:
Gold t... 91.030.184,907
Silver 68T.003.913
Uncovered paper 410,120,016
Covered paper ..... 332.292,300
Total $2,429,210,215
From which it appears that more than
one-flfth of the general stock of the money
of the world Is held In the United States,
and every dollar of that stock, even the
sliver, no thanks to William Jennings
Bryan, Is as good as gold.
Ironical Congratulations.
New York Evening Post.
We heartily congratulate Mr. Oscar F.
Williams, appointed Consul at Singapore
on his success in once more landing a fat
Government office. We have had deep
sympathy for Mr. Williams' quest ever
since we learned from his own pen what a
truly remarkable man he Is. We have
also wondered and wondered that Mr.
McKlnley could for more than two years
pay no heed to the great yearning for
Mr. Williams' services which must have
been felt throughout the State Department
from Secretary to office-boy. Writing as
United States Consul In Manila, under the
early date of August 5. 1898, to the then
Secretary of State, Mr. Day, Mr. Will
iams confides to him the fact that he
seeks Mr. Day's "appointive favor."
"With pride" he recalls to Mr. Day's
mind Commodore Dewey's report on April
IS. that his assistance was "Invaluable."
Since that time, Mr. Williams continues,
he knows that his "services to our Navy,
Army, citizens and Nation have been
much greater than before." Because of
"narrow resources," Mr. Williams asks
for Mr. Day's "recognition," and thus
state? his modest desires and his superior
qualifications:
Could I be appointed General Commissioner
of Customs of the Philippine Islands, Light
house Inspector, or General Commissioner of
Agriculture, I should be honored and pleased.
. . . Then I was reared a farmer, and my
business Interests have always been along such
lines. I have kept fully abreast with agricul
tural matters. Am a graduate of Cornell Uni
versity, and was a teacher, lecturer and au
thor, and might well serve as Superintendent
of Public Instruction. I need your recognition,
and hope, by cable or otherwise, to have re
lief from present anxieties.
How honored Singapore will be at hav
ing such an all-round star within Its
firmament, we cannot begin to estimate.
Mr. Williams succeeds Mr. Spencer Pratt,
whose sole offense apparently was his
bollef In the wanton injustice of the
American attitude towards the Filipinos.
Brave Journalism.
Kansas City Star.
It Is the ordinary habit of the news
papers to suppress, In their reports, the
tactless utterances of public favorites,
especially in the case of men with a Na
tional reputation. The New York Sun
lately departed from, this custom and re
ported Senator Depew literally, when he
made the snow fall from the celling at
the banquet of the New York Mayflower
descendants. "Our Chauncey" remarked,
cheerfully, that the Mayflower pilgrims
were a hard lot of rascally persons. If
they lived today, said he, they would be
clapped Into JaiL He thanked God that
his ancestors did not belong to that crowd.
His forbears, he said, were honest people.
The Sun reporter wrote that the famous
orator's remarks caused "mingled feel
ings." Now the Sun has also printed Juit
what "Mark Twain" said at the banquet
of the City Club of New York, which Is an
organization of reformers. The famous
humorist was received with loud cheors.
Bishop Potter being particularly vocifer
ous and leading the applause. But. when
the speaker said the trouble with reform
was that the reformers, sooner or later,
had their price. Ice began to form arouna
the festival board. After Mr Clemens
roasted President McKlnley and said ho
was sending honest boys to fight under a
"polluted flag." the only sound that wai
heard when the humorist sat down, was
the screeching of his chair on the floor.
St. Clair McKelway. the noted editor of
the Brooklyn Eagle, followed "Mark
Twain" and took occasion to say that,
much as they loved him, they could not
submit to his remarks about the United
States flag Although most of the com
pany present were men opposed to the
; President's Philippine policy, they ap-
; plauded Mr McKelway emphatically
lt
appears to take a brilliant man like Dr.
Depew or Mr. Clemens to say the foolish
sort of things reported by the Sun.
Pan-American Progress.
Chicago Tribune.
Relatively the progress of many of the
American republics recently has been as
great as that of the United States. From
every part of the hemisphere come reports
of enterprise and activity. From Alaska
to Patagonia the story is the same. In
Argentina a dozen railroads are building
and projected At Belle Horlzonte, the
canltal of the State of Mlnas Geraes In
Brazil, a permanent exposition of the
state's Industries, and products Is to be
inaugurated This state, which has as
manv Inhabitants as Illinois, Is making
great strides In every particular, and Its
gold product last year exceeded $3,000,000.
Scores of new factories are being estab
lished in Brazil, largely with foreign cap
ital. New coat and copper mines are be
ing developed In Chile. Woolen and cot
ton factories are being established there
for the first time, and boets are being
raised and sugar refineries built. The
breweries are to be formed into a trust.
Tho most important railroad enterprise In
Chile Is the Central Railway, which la
to be extended 1300 kilometers, at a cost
of J30.000.000 Nearly every republic has
railroad enterprises on foot and agricul
tural resources are being developed every,
where. This Information is gained from
reoorts tc the Bureau of American Re
pub'.lcs at Washington, and It Is said that
with the Industrial revival has come a
change in sentiment towards the United
States, which Is looked on with mora
frlendllnt-ss than a year ago.
The One Way.
Union Republican!
The way to stop the agitation for state
division Is for the western part of Oregon
to doai fairly with Eastern Oregon In all
matters, including distribution of state
Institutions as well a3 official .appoint
ments and appropriations when needed.
In other words, all parts of the state
should be considered to be of equal im
portonce.
G0DKIN OS THE LIRE OF HUXLEY
New York Evening Post.
A year ago in talking with Henry
James ot the 'flood of biographies which
the country had produced In England, and
of the wonderful addition to English lit
erature which .they had made, he re
marked to me that he had recently
spoken of thha same thing to a French
friend, who concurred in his expression
of surprise at the absence of anything of
the same kind In France, but thought that
this great lacuno In French prose was
duo to tho fact that the private lives of
very few French literary or artistic men
would bear description. This Is a some
what lamentable confession, but I suppose
it is true. I think that the finest con
tribution that England has made to the
stream pt literature In this century con
sists in the biographies which have poured
from her press. This work of biography
Is partly political, partly ecclesiastical,
partly scientific, but it always does honor
to the country, and to the profession
to which the subject belonged. The Ox
ford movement alone. In the thirties, has
produced a batch of books which no "gen
tleman's library slfould bo without," and
of which every Englishman may well bo
proud. To begin with, take Burke, anf
Pitt and Johnson and Chatham, then
Wellington and Peel and Cobden, then
Palmerston and Macaulay and Tennyson;
and, among the scientific men, Lyell, and
Darwin and Huxley. To be tho contem
porary or countryman of these Is cer
tainly, as Cowper says, "fame enough for
any private man."
I have Just been reading one of the
most Instructive and brilliant of English
lives, that of Professor Huxley. He be
gan life In a way in which most Ameri
cans love to think they began It them
selvesthat Is, as "a poor boy." There
was procured for him, with the usual
difficulty, the post of assistant surgeon In
the navy, a place In which he passed four
or five years of obscure drudgery without
really gaining for himself a secure foot
hold on the official ladder. When ho
left tho navy, and wished to marry, he
had to pass through the usual process
of knocking af many doors. In many parts
of the world, without meeting with any
satisfactory response. But as soon as ho
had definitely chosen science as his prov
ince and r determined that truth alone
should be his pursuit, his rise was rapid.
I am not competent to estimate proper
ly the valuo of his scientific work, but
tho world has placed him in the front
rank. I am competent, however, to esti
mate his character, which has. from his
first year to his last, excited my un
mixed admiration. Darwin's appearance
on the scene in England, with his doctrine
of evolution, was really not unlike the
appearance of Erasmus at Oxford, 400
years ago, with "tho new learning." But
Darwin would have made poor progress,
save for the aid of Huxley. Darwin had
wonderful scientific sagacity, and promul
gated his new gospel with a winning mad-
esty. but It was too much modesty tor
the world In which It appeared. It was
a world brought up under the Influence
of tha clergy, In literal acceptance of the
Biblical theories of the creation and the
growth of man and his world.
The church and the upper classes m
England were dead-set against Darwin's
theories. Tho Idea that man was evolved
from some sort of monkey was enough to
discredit them. All "tho best people," to
use the Tribune's phrase, believed that
man had been created In the Garden ot
Eden. 6000 years ago, and woman out
of one of Adam's ribs, and not only this,
but that It was Impious to doubt it an
opinion that still lingers. These beliefs,
although slightly disturbed by Sir Charles
Lyell. still held their ground firmly at the
time of the Oxford convocation In I860.
I do not belleva that there was any
country In- the world In which the union
between church and state was then so
strong. The social as well as the religious
prejudices of the country were with the
church, not simply as a religious Institu
tion, but as property, which, to an Eng
lishman. Is a very sacred thing. Until
very lately the "squarson." as he was
called, otherwise the minister who
preached In the church, and at tho same
time owned tho parish, was a very fa
miliar figure in English life. Thus man
who attacked the church's doctrine ar
raved against themselves almost the
whole of English society. Consequently,
when a man as popular and of as much
charm as the Bishop of Oxford led his
forces in defence of orthodox views of
man's creation at convocation, It required
great courage to attack him. That cour
age Darwin had not probably, but Hux
ley was there, and listened to the bishop's
absurd ridicule of the theory that man
was descended from a monkey with the
same Joy of battle which Cromwell felt
In seeing the Scots descend from the
heights above Dunbar.
Huxley's reply to the bishop, sternly re
buking him for attacking with flippancy
a great master of science, of which he
was profoundly. Ignorant, was ono of the
most striking incidents of the century, and
one of the most far-reaching In its effects.
It not only bowled the bishop over and
destroyed 'his Influence, but It raised
Darwinism, at ono stroke, to .a height at
which no parson could assail It without
rendering himself a little ridiculous. It
placed Huxley, too, at once to the front
rank not only of scientific men, but of
controversialists, and revealed to the
world the fact that he was the fore
most of English dialecticians. The rest
of his career was a series of unbroken
trlnmnhs In whloh his virtues as a man
1 were no less fullv dlsnlaved than his
keenness and vigor and Bagaclty as a
philosopher. His' career was cut short;
he fell a victim at last, as so many
other eminent men have done, to his
eagerness for work. There has been rare
ly a better Illustration of a man's physl
cal ruin through the ardor of his own
temperament.
Huxley remained, during the rest of his
life, noted for his antagonism to the old
orthodox Interpretation of Scripture. In
fact, he was, for a time, the bete-noire
of parsons, but they gradually became
converted, or at least accustomed, to his
views. The last time I saw him was tho
year before his death, in the dining-room
of the Athenaeum Club, surrounded by a
considerable number of ecclesiastical dig
nitaries, who were Just about to lunch.
On the strength of my slight acquaint
ance with him In New York. I asked him
to lunch at the same table with me.
and Jokingly expressed my wonder at his
willingness to venture Into a retreat In
which he was so completely surrounded
by "clerks In holy orders." He smilingly
repudiated the thought that there was
any danger In the situation, and declared
that he lived on the best of terms with
them, as long" as they let him alone.
He was really, though very fond of dia
lectics, no stirrer-up of strife. It was
not possible to do as much as he did to
shake established religious beliefs with
out exciting a good deal of religious con.
troversy, which he never Bhlrked. His
two principal antagonists in this field
were the late Duke of Argyl and Mr.
Gladstone Mr. Gladstone, because, though
a past-master In politics and political
economy, ho was never able to divest
himself of an Interest In theology, though
for theological controversy he was not
thoroughly equipped, and the Duke of
Argyl. because he had an extraordinary
conceit of his own omniscience. Hux
ley never avoided these frays, but he
never sought them, although minds like
Gladstone's, through their want of logical
training, excited his Ire. His own Intel
lectual organ was most powerful, and
was equal to Any kind of work, from
comforting the poor to speculating on the
origin of species. He is an immense loss
to England, as well as to science, but
he has found In his son a rare piece of
good fortune, a biographer worthy of
him. B. L. G.
New Tork, tfew Year's day, 1901.
XQTE AND COMMENT.
If you have bills to pass, prepare for
trouble now.
This Is the season when Salem peopta
make up for lost time.
The scene of battle has shifted from tha
Hotel Perkins to the state capltol.
If all the bills that have been prepared
shall pass. Oregon will never again be a
lawless state.
The cruises of the Umatilla Reef light
ship would make an Interesting narratlva
of ocean travel.
Don't co to any of the Federal offices
for the next few days with the expecta
tion of finding any one In them.
A sea serpent has beon caught in Can
ada at a time of year when it is utterly
useless to Summer hotel keepers.
The fool killer should take a day oft
and devise a new means of torture for the
man who cries "fire" in a crowded hall.
There Is talk now of a musical trust.
The concert of tho powers has already
supplied an example of a musical distrust.
Judging from tha way tho English pa
pors are groveling In humility. Kipling's
Recessional Is not; very necessary over
there at present.
Abraham Lincoln's epigrams are safe,
from misquotation Just now, but wait till
they begin to turn up In the columns ot'
the Lincoln Commoner.
It Is understood that the object of Sen
ator McBride's return to Oregon Is merely
to assist the passage of needed legisla
tion. In needed legislation Senator Mc
Bride Includes his re-election.
A rich man's difficulties in getting lnta
the Kingdom of Heaven are as easy aa
falling off a log compared to the tribula
tions of a girl who Is not a member ot tho
Hlch School Alumni trying to get Into
one of the parties of that exclusive as
sociation. Rev. Dr. Washington Gladden's activity
In Columbus municipal affairs continues.
He Is Just now deep in a controversy over
the street railway franchise, and, as may
be imagined. Dr. Gladden wants the pub
lic to have all that It is entitled to. He
advocates seven or eight tickets for a
quarter, all-night cars and the payment of
a considerable cash compensation to tho
city by the street railway company.
The Lay of tbe Federal Brigade.
Now here's to little George MoBrlde, who
keeps us where we are;
While he has got a halt a show we'll rally
from afar.
For all of us hold offices and so have time to
burn.
We'll leave our clerks behind at home, our
salaries to earn.
While we rush bravely to the fray, our force
all allied
To boost the great and glorious cause ot ltttlo
George MeBrtde.
We will shout, shout, shout, ,
Our leader's name on high.
And alt turn out.
To do for him or die;
We've got to hold our Jobs or cold
We'll find the vast outside.
Let no man shirk, but eaeh one work
For little Georre MaBrlde.
We may not be industrious as other men, per
haps, But what's the use of working when we all
of us have snaps?
The offices we're holding down will get alone
somehow
Without the aid of sweat upon the office-holder's
brow;
But now's the time we've' got to' hump or else
a sweeping tide
Will bear ub elear beyond the reach of little.
George McBride.
We will pray, pray, pray.
For the triumph ot our oause.
And we'll force delay
In the passage of all laws.
Unless we get George In, you bet.
We will not be defied.
For we have planned to safely land
Our little George MoBrlde.
It makes no difference what we do, our boss
Is Uncle Sam;
Fof men who say we ought to werk we do not
give a
Our Jobs are fat, our draw-down big1, and
what we want to do
Is stay right where we are Just now, and stay
ferever, toe.
And so we all will rally 'round our chief from
far and wide;
For it Is off with us If it is off with Gtorga
McBride.
Then we'll drill, drill, drill,
At Salem every day;
And pull until '
Wo get things done our way;
We've got the dough, and time to go.
In fact, we're well supplied
With all we need to help to speed
The cause ot George MoBrlde.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Between Friends. Miss Oletlmer I think
kissing is so foolish'. Miss Maybudd Oh! But
you musn't believe everything you read. Puck.
Not an Endearing Trait. "Hlggs doesn't
seem to be popular with the hostess." "No;
he keeps trying to do sllght-of-hand tricks
with cut-glass tumblers." Chicago Record
Her Pessimism. He I see they are makins
clothes now out of wood fiber. She Oh! what's
the use? Somebody will be sure to Invent a.
new kind of moth. Philadelphia Press.
The Cornfed Philosopher. "The question as
to whether a man marries his first love," said
the Cornfed Philosopher, "ain't so Important
In the long run as whether he has married
the last one." Indianapolis Press.
Strategy. Smarte 1 don't suppose you want
to borrow five or ten dollars? Lamb No, fact
Is. I'm unusually flush Just at present. Smarte
Isn't that nice! By the way, I suppose you
can accommodate with a twenty? Awfully glad
to have met you. Boston Transcript.
Reconciled. "They are going to sing Blrby's
latest sentimental ballad when the condemned
man Is led to the fatal chair." "Isn't that
somewhat singular?" "Yes. But the murderer
requested It as a last favor. He says It kind
o' reeonolles him to sudden death." Cleveland
Plain Dealer.
Natural Regret. "I got drunk on tbe morn
ln' of the now century, y'r Honer," explained
Tuff old Knutt, "to drown my serrer." "What
was there about the new century to fill you
with sorrow?" asked the Magistrate. "I got
to thlnkln' that mebby I wouldn't live through
It. y'r Honor." Chicago Tribune.
By the Waters of Galilee.
Clinton Bcollard In the Century.
The wind Is low In the oleanders,
8oftly stirring the rosy sea.
Out from a bill a. rill meanders
Down to tbe waters of Galilee. '
A burning blazon of blue enamels
The rainless heaven that arches o'er;
And DrusesPdrowse by their crouching camels
Where meadows dip to the shingly shore.
Crumbling walls that the hyssop clings to.
Such ts Magdala's glory now;
And the only ear that the cuckoo sings to
Is that of his mate on the carob bough.
The columned city that Herod fashioned.
That glistened white In the noonday b;aze,
Naught is left of Its past Impassioned
Save ghosts that wander Its squalid ways.
Never a sail nor a galley oaring
Tbe shimmering reaches of liquid calm;
Only a watchful vulture soaring
Over the crest of a lonely palm.
But still the mountains, violet, vernal.
And the brooding vales where the shep
herds be.
And tbe sun. In Its equipoise eternal.
Looking down upon Galilee.
And ever, to halo the desert place.
By the spelt of the glrdtag sllenee bound.
The hatlntlng thought ot tbe face of faces,
Of Him through whom this U holy gTouadt
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