THE MOBNTSa OKEGONIAN, FRIDAY, DECEMBER
1900.
WAR ON THEOCtAN
ifates to Be Cut on Portland
San Francisco Route.
FULTON'S RATE $1:00 PER TON
The Hannaford'i First Trip Stealer
Saint Bede Comin-g Elldek Ea
ter "With, a BIp Cargo Custom-House'
Business.
After a peace lasting for many months,
there Is again a war cloud hoverlngr over
the transportation, companies doing busi
ness dn the Portland and San Francisco
route.' The periods "when Tates "were not
being slashed right and left during the
past 50 years have been the exception,
and it is believed that the period of peace
which is now apparently near an end is
about the longest on record for the past
quarter of a century. For over two years
rates have been maintained by the O. R.
& "N. Co. and the line of small coasting
steamers operating on the route. The O.
R. & N. sec.ured practically all of the pas
senger business, and about all of the
freight 'that It could handle with its two
steamers, and the small steam coasters
looked after the remainder of the busi
ness, together with that of the way ports.
Gray & Mitchell were operating the
small steamers, and P. F. DuFlon, who
was for a long time agent of the line In
this city,, made the agreement with the
O. R. & y. Co. under which the lines have
since been operating in harmony. The
falling away in Alaska business has
thrown a number of small steamers out
of regular employment, and this is pri
marily -he cause of the impending war.
Gray & Mitchell recently dissolved part
nership, and the business on this route
has since been conducted by the Gray
Steamship Company, with G. F. Rowell
agent lrr this city. "While the Alliance was
on the Alaska route, the Del Norte was
chartered to fill in on the Portland route,
but was returned to her owners a short
time ago. Her owners liked the route so
well that they are sending her up to Port
land as an independent candidate for
freight and passengers. They did not in
timate a cut in rates, but, according to re
ports received yesterday, a cut came from
an unexpected direction.
The steamer Fulton, which is under
charter to Mitchell, the former partner of
Gray, palled from San Francisco "Wednes
day, and her managers are said to have
made a flat rate of $1 per ton on merchan
dise between San Francisco and Portland.
As the other steamers, with the exception
of the Del Norte, have all of the freight
that "they can handle at present, they have
not yet seen the necessity for a cut, and
will probably await developments before
any definite action is taken in the matter.
The O. R.' & N. has got so far behind
with shipments that they have been
obliged to add another steamer to their
fleet. The South Portland, a large carrier,
will leave San Francisco for Portland to
day, and will remain In the service so long
as the present rush of freight lasts.
'CUSTOM-HOUSE STATISTICS.
Value of November Exports "Was
Nearly a Million Dollars.
The report of Collector of Customs Pat
terson for the month ending November 30
ouwns luu lunuwing transactions.
No. vessels entered from foreign ports.. 4
No. Vessels cleared for foreign ports... .15
No. vessels entered from domestic 'portsv29
No.-vessels cleared, for domestic ports.. .IS
No. entries merchandise for duty 87
No. entries merchandise free of duty.... 9
No. entries for warehouse 15
No. entries for export to adjacent Brit
ish provinces 12
No. entrles-for rewarehouse l
Noi entries from warehouse for con
sumption 30
No. entries for immediate transporta
tion without appraisement 33
No. entries for consumption liquidated.. 80
No. entries for warehouse liquidated.... U
Value of exports
Domestic $924,344
.Receipts from all sources
Duties on Imports t. 536.833 25
Miscellaneous customs receipts.... 100B0
Miscellaneous custome receipts 2S1 90
Official fees g2 50
.Total .J37,29S 26
Amount of refunds and drawbacks
Paid $ 1,036 25
i-
SAINT BEDE COMING.
"Will Take the Place of the Caithness
J in the Transport Service.
The British steamship Caithness, under
charter to load Government stores and
forage -at this port for Manila, was so
slow In reaching the Orient that she" has
been replaced by the steamship Saint
Bede, a slightly larger steamer. The
Saint Bede, which was chartered by the
Pacific Export Lumber Company, is now
on her way across the Pacific, and will
reach Portland about November 20, and
the Caithness will be used for other busi
ness. The Saint Bede Is a comparatively
new vessel, having left the yards at Sun
derland, in March, 1S99. She is of 22SS tons
net and 35o tons gross register. She Is
S50 feetlong. 46.2 feet beam, and 17.6 feet
depth' of "hold.
HANNAFORD'S FIRST TRIP.
Northern Pacific Steamer Invading
the O. R. Jt N. Territory.
The jseamer J. M. Hannaford leaves
Lewlston today on her first trip to Asotin
and Ipper Snake River points, in the
Service Of the Northern Pnnlflo Th
steamer is ostensibly under charter to -a
.itwaipn grain aeaier, mit as all of the
grain which she handles is to go out over
the Northern "Pacific H lc f,r,r...,n ...
the railroad has quite an interest in the
operation -or.- tne boat. The O. R. & N.
Co. has three boats runnlnir nn t) SnuVn
but, owing to the slack selling movement
ui sraui, uiey are nor. overworked, and
could probably continue to handle the
wheat In that country without any assist
ance from the Northern Pacific
Coal Darge Sunk.
The British steamship Adato finished
loading her flour cargo last evening, but
an accident prevented her securing her
tuei coal in time to get away before this
afternoon. In order to save time, while
she was taking In flour cargo, a barge
loaded with coal was taken across the
river "Wednesday, and during the night it
6ank in about 40 feet of water alongside
the steamer, nearly all of the coal sliding
oft into the river. The barge can proba
bly be,' raised, but it is doubtful about
much of Tthe coal being saved. Another
supply nas been secured, and the delay to
we steamer win not be serious.
EUbek's Big; Cargo.
The German hark "RfihMr tc-mi oyt-uwi
up late "Wednesday evening, entered at
me t-usiom-jtiouse yesterday morning.
She comes from Antwerp, and her mani
fest shows that she brought 12.S9S casks
of cement. SS casks of alum, 500 bags of
sulphur. 36 cases of gin, and 225 barrels of
mineral water. The vessel commenced
discharging yesterday, and her cargo will
be landed as rapidly as possible, as the
vessel is needed for wheat.
Will Go on Astorla-Ilrrsco Ran.
ASTORIA. Dec. 6. The steamer Nah
cotta arrived down from Portland this
afternoon, after being thoroughly over
hauled, and will start on the Astoria
Ilwaco run tomorrow. Captain Tom Par
ker has been re-engaged to command her.
Quarantine Station Moorinjc Groands
ASTORIA, Dec 6. The lighthouse ten
der Columbine, assisted by the bar pilots,
k l&ced the buoy in position marking
the mooring grounds for vessels, that are
compelled to so to the quarantine station.
"Will Make Cnt ia Alaska. Business.
FAN FRANCISCO. Dec 6. The Pacific
Coast Steamship Company is going to
make a large cut in Alaska business next
year. During the Summer they will have
no less than six big steamers on the
route the Spokane, Senator, Al-Kl. Cot
tage City, City of Topeka and the State
of California. The Spokane is under con
struction at the Union Iron "Works, and
is to be completed in time for the Sum
mer season.
Gunboat "Will Be Overhanled.
SEATTLE. Dec 6. The United States
gunboat "Wheeling, Captain A. R. Con
den, reached port today from her Summer
cruise in Behring Sea, She brought John
G. Brady, Governor of Alaska, from Sit
ka, visiting various settlements. The
"Wheeling goes immediately to the Puget
Sound Naval Station, where she will be
drydocked and overhauled.
Pilot Schooner to Go to Sea.
ASTORIA, Dec 6. The pilot schooner
Joseph Pulitzer has had a new foretop
mast placed in position, and It Is ex
pected that she will go to sea tomorrow.
Marine Notes.
Yesterday's tide was the highest of the
season, and had it not been for the heavy
fog prevailing along the coast, an effort
would have been made to release the
Poltalloch from her position on the sands.
The Norwegian bark Stjorn cleared yes
terday for Queenstown or Falmouth for
orders, with 33,672 bushels of wheat, val
ued at 152,600. She was dispatched by the
Portland Flouring Mills Company, and is
the second wheat ship to clear this month.
A heavy fog hung over the mouth of
the river all day yesterday. It lifted for
a short time at Astoria in the afternoon,
but outside the heads it was so thick that
no vessels ventured in or out. The Co
lumbia, from San Francisco, was due, and
the Monmouthshire is supposed to be out
there with her.
Domestic and Foreign Ports.
ASTORIA, Dec 6. No arrivals or de
partures. Condition of the bar at 5 P. M.,
obscured, thick fog; no wind.
San Francisco, Dec 6. Arrived Steam
er South Portland, from Seattle; steamer
Geo. W. Elder, from Portland; schooner
Joseph and Henry. Coqullle River; steam
er Areata, from Coos Bay; steamer Man
dalay, from Coqullle River. Sailed
Steamer John S. KlmbalL for Comox.
Hong Kong Arrived previous to Dec 5,
Braemar, from Portland, Or., via Manila.
Havre Arrived Dec 5 Tanls. from San
Francisco via Montevideo for Hamburg.
Cherbourg Arrived Dec 5 Pretoria,
from New Tork via Plymouth for Ham
burg. London Sailed Dec 5 Minnehaha, for
New York.
"Whatcom Sailed Dec 5 Schooner Mae
wema and R. W. Bartlett, for San Pedro.
Sydney Arrived Dec 5 Barkentlno
Newsboy, from Port Gamble.
Manila In port Dec 6 British ship
Glooscap, for Puget Sound.
St. John's, N. F., Dec 6. Arrived Sibe
rian, from Glasgow and Liverpool for
Halifax and Philadelphia.
Auckland, Dec 6, 7 P. M. Sailed Ala
meda, from Sydney, Apia and Honolulu
for San Francisco.
Bremer Dec 6. Arrived Kaiser Wll
helm der Grosse, from New York via
Southampton.
New York, Dec 6. Arrived Sardinian,
from Glasgow; Lahn, from Bremen;
Deutschland. from Hamburg.
Naples, Dec 6. Arrived Nuestria, from
New York.
New York, Dec 6. Arrived Frelderich
der Grosse, from Bremen, Southampton
and Cherbourg.
Halifax, Dec 6. Arrived Tunisian,
from Liverpool.
THEY SING VERY LOW.
Democrats Take the Recent Unpleas
antness Pretty Hard'.
"WASHINGTON, Dec L-Judging irom
the expressions of opinion -which are
heard from the Democratic Senators and
Representatives who are, now In at
tendance upon Congress, It Is evident
that they are very much subdued by the
result of the contest. The Democrats
seem to realize that they have not a
single peg upon which to hang a com
plaint or to denounce the Republican Ad
ministration or Republican legislation.
Everything has been indorsed. Republi
can policies in the Philippines, the Re
publican financial legislation and the Re
publican declaration for a stable cur
rency, and for a general government con
ducted on business principles. If the elec
tion had been close. If there had been
any possibility of charging corruption,
fraud or bribery, or even if In any of the
different states claimed by the Bryanites
which went Republican by large major
ities, there had been a great falling off
of the vote compared with 1S96, then the
Democrats might have had something to
talk, about, something to point to, some
thing to hang a thread of discussion upon.
A leading Democrat of the ways and
means committee in discussing the situa
tion said it seemed to him it was time for
the Democrats to sing very low. They
were not in it In any manner whatever.
They had not only lost the Presidency,
but had lost the House and the Repub
licans made great gains in both the Sen
ate and House. The only loss sustained
by the Republicans was of Senators In
states still with mining communities,
where the silver Issue was still dominant.
This he indicates was not a sufficient ba
sis to make a claim of even a partial vic
tory of the last campaign. He said that
the Democrats would oppose Republican
legislation, could point out what they
thought ought to be done, but so far
as making any justifiable fight against
the Increase of the Army or the plan of
the revenue reduction which the Repub
licans proposed, or In any other . way
trying to cripple or fight the Republicans
in either House, he declared that they
were without proper backing to make the
contest.
Notwithstanding this, however, there
are enough Democrats left It. the South
ern States to clamor and champ the bit
and to reassert that they are right and
that the people are wrong; that silver,
Bryan, paramount Issue and all are yet
live and breathing things which they can
support. Of course these men are not
sensitive to ridicule, as the horse hoots
which any allusion to the paramount is
sue or silver or to any other of the de
vices used In the last campaign to make
votes will draw ought to drive them oft
the floor and out of the discussion.
Democrats cannot say that the Repub
licans chose the issue. Such was not the
case. The Administration was on the de
fensive, and the Republican party had to
accept the Issues that the Democrats
made. To the extent of the acts of the
Republican party In the legislative branch
of the Government and in the Presidency,
the Republican party made the Issues,'
but it did not declare any issue para
mount. The Democrats made the Issues
to a great extent, because upon those
lines which it attacked the Administra
tion or attacked the legislation of the Re
publican party. It could control the Is
sues. It was no doubt true that the Re
publican party did not care to take up
the Philippine question or the so-called
imperialism as an issue, but after lead
ers discussed the matter among them
selves they said, "The Democrats have
raised the issue of imperialism, which in
cludes expansion and the retention of
the Philippines, the present military
strength of the Army, and we must
meet It" -By forcing 16 to 1 into the
platform, Bryan andhls Democratic lead
ers at Kansas City made that one of the
Issues, and although they dodged It In
the Eastern States, it was up to the
time of the Imperialistic bugaboo the
dominant Issue between the parties.
This being the case, the Democrats, as
this prominent member remarked, have
nothing to stand upon, and are simply In
a position where they cannot make any
particular onslaught against the Republi
cans c Republican policies
TRIEDTO MURDER OWN KIN
YOUNG -MAN SMASHED IN HEADS OF
FOUR RELATIVES.
"Weapon Used "Was an Ax Tragedy
Occurred Near Seattle Shot Trrlco
Before Captured.
SEATTLE, "Wash., Dec 6. "William
Seaton, aged 22 years, formerly of Deca
tur, 111., attempted to exterminate an en
tire family, his relatives, at South Park,
nine miles from Seattle, this evening.'
"With an ax he smashed In the heads of
four people, leaving them for dead, then
shot one man in the back, and attempted
to murder a Deputy Sheriff. Before final
ly captured, Seaton was shot twice, but
not fatally, by Deputy Sheriff Kelley.
The only one killed outright was Seaton's
uncle, Daniel Richards. Seaton broke in
the head of his sister, Mrs. Roy Clark,
but her recovery Is hoped for. The other
two victims were Myrtle and Hazel Hap
good, aged about 10 years, children of a
former husband of Mrs. Clark. The
skulls of the little ones were crushed,
and then their bodies were thrown Into a
manger in the barn. It was supposed
they were dead, but a late report from the
County Hospital says that the skull of
one of the children has been raised, and
BRITISH BARK POLTALLOCH
! ' ' "
SOUTH BEND, "Wash., Deo. 6. The stranded bark Poltalloch Is now but a short distance
from the drift loss on the ocean beach, and one can walk around her at low tide. The sail
ors will probably be paid oft today, and men from this locality employed to -work the vessel
off, If that la possible. The sea. has been too rouch until today to permit of any lines
being- run to pull her off. and, now that the high tides are over, it Is feared that she -will
remain -whera she Is until the high tides In June. The Simpson Lumber Company has the
contract.
that there Is hope of recovery. The other
child will undoubtedly die. A man named
Kennedy, who got in Seaton's way after
the tragedy, was shot in the back, but
not seriously. Seaton fired three times at
Kelley before Kelley brought him down
with two well-placed shots, which took
effect in the head and arm.
Under the belief that all .his Intended
victims were actually dead, Seaton told
the following story:
"I was disgusted "with the actions of my
sister, and, after I had knocked her in
the head with an ax, I came to the con
clusion I might as well make a clean
sweep. I smashed the skulls of the chil
dren in the barn and then threw their
bodies into a manger. Returning to the
house I saw my uncle asleep on a sofa.
I chopped his head almost off."
"While telling his story, Seatonj-gave
no evidence of insanity. In fact. He made
the specific statement that be was net
insane.
A HELPLESS-'PARALYTIC.
Terrible Effect of P4stol Shot Fired
by Man "While in Drunken Fxenry.
SEATTLE, "Wash., Dec 6. Elmer Lord,
of Stone's Landing, was this morning
brought to the city on the steamer Daunt
less, a helpless paralytic, his spinal cord
being cut between the shoulder blades by
a pistol bullet.
Sam Brown who, according to the story
of the father of the victim, shot tha
young man while In a drunken frenzy,
is in his house defying arrest and threat
ening to shoot the first man who ap
proaches the place Elmer Lord was the
mall carrier for Stone's Landing, -a small
port on Puget Sound, between Seattle and
Tacoma.
Idaho Miner Murdered.
GRANGEVILLE, Idaho," Dec 6. Joe
Smith was killed Tuesday night at the
Dewey mine by Andy Gilbert. The quar
rel arose over a horse which Gilbert ac
cused Smith ot stealing. Smith was cut
in the abdomen, and, after receiving the
injury, he shot Gilbert through the
mouth. Gilbert escaped and fled to
Harpster, where he was captured. Smith
died "Wednesday at 2 A. M. A" preliminary
examination will be held this morning at
10 o'clock before Probate Judge Vincent,
There has been talk of lynch law be
ing handed the homicide, but the Sheriff
has taken measures to Insure the safety
of the prisoner.
No Evidence Asratnst Him.
HILLSBORO. Dec 6. A young fellow
was brought here from Beaverton last
evening suspected of knowing something
about the killing of the Chinaman at
Raleigh last Monday. He claims to
have recently arrived from Kansas, and
that he wa3 robbed of $100 In Portland.
There being nothing of incriminating na
ture against him, he was allowed to go.
Indicted for Horse-Steallns;.
HILLSBORO, Or., Dec. R John B.
Parchet was this morning brought from
Portland to answer a charge of having
stolen harness and other articles from
the barn of R. H. "Walker, a Cedar Mill
farmer, recently. He Is also Indicted for
having stolen a horse from James Young,
a Hlllsboro farmer, last juarcn.
Charged "With Burglary.
VANCOUVER, "Wash., Dec 6. A war
rant was sworn out In Justice Court here
today by Nestor "Waen, against John
Saukko. charging him with .burglarizing
a building on "Waen's premises at Hock
lnson and taking therefrom, among
other things, a gun valued at $20.
Robbery Not Generally Credited.
HILLSBORO, Dec 6. The story of one
"W. F. "Weber, who claims to have been
robbed In a" field near Centervllle yes
terday afternoon. In broad daylight. Is
generally discredited here.
Hustling: for Seattle Baslness.
Four railroad agents are already in
Seattle hustling for business for the new
Southwest open gateway through Spo
kane, says the Seattle Times. These
men are C F. Morse, of the O. R. & N.;
C. L. Darling, of the Oregon Short Line;
"W. F. Kelly, of the Union Pacific, and
C H. Glelm, of the Denver & Rio Grande.
All of these men are experienced rail
road solicitors and although they have
been In the city only a day or two they
have already secured over 20 cars
of freight to go through the
new Spokane gateway. It is not,
however, by diverting freight that
would otherwise go via the Burling
ton or other lines that the new arrange
ment will most advantageously affect Se
attle, but through the additional business
which will come as a result of the opening-up
of the new territory to the trade
of this city.
Interest to Be Paid When Dae.
NEW YORK. Dec 6. The coupons due
January 1, 1901, from th Oregon Short
Line consolidated mortgage 5 per cent
I bonflSj Utah '' Northern- first- saorj-1
gage 7- per cent bonds and .consolidated
mortgage 5 per cent bonds, will be paid
at maturity at the office pf the treasurer
of the Oregon Short Line, 120 Broadway,
New York. Temporary receipts will oe
issued for packages of coupons left lor
verification on and after December 26.
THE MILK IN THE C0C0ANUT
As Extracted at Baker City From
Astoria. Common-Point Dlscassion.
Baker City Republican.
An article published in last Sunday's
Oregonian by one A. A. Schenck, report
ed formerly to have been one of the chief
engineers of the New York Central &
Hudson River Railroad, and which dis
cusses the question of moving the port
of Oregon from Portland to Astoria, has
caused much comment throughout the
state, and particularly In the Inland Em
pire. The Republican has taken up the
matter and'wlll give Its readers the Ideas
of some of the best posted men in thls
community. M. A, Butjer, one of the
leading lawyers of Eastern Oregon, was
Interviewed yesterday on the subject,
and said In part:
"What surprises me 4s the fact that
the essence of the whole question seems
to have been lost sight of. In the face
of the record that tha largest vessels
which ever came to the Columbia River
to receive cargo are. now, at the lowest
stage of water known In the river in
years, paeing up and down the river be
tween Astoria and Portland and carrying
IN PORTLAND HARBOR, 1898.
the largest cargoes over floated from the
Northwest Coast, and the faot that Port
land stands thirds as a wheat shipping
port In the world, and the further fact
that the O. R. & N. has Just put on a
line of the largest steamers -that ever
visited this Coast to ply regularly be
tween Portland and the Orient, still
there goes up the -cry and howl of the
crank that the only salvation of Oregon
is the establishment of the common Port
land and Seattle rate on -wheat at As
toria. None of thejhowlfir has yet
shown, a common sense reason why As
toria should be made, the main port of
Oregon Instead of Portland; no one has
demonstrated how, xmder the peculiar
conditions of traffic in Oregon and "Wash
ington, the mere loading of the wheat In
ocean vesels at, Astoria instead of Port
land will make any mpre wheat grow for
shipment Jn the Inland Empire; no state
ment that a simple Xarmer or business
man can understand has" been made to
show how the Astdria loading Is going
to draw any more wheat down the Co
lumbia for export as against the competi
tion of the Northern 'Pacific, ahd Great
Northern Roads, which have millions In
vested on the Sound and will naturally
continue to take all tire traffic they can
ontrol; no one has shown how the -loading
of wheat at Astoria on the same rate
from the Interior that is paid by the
wheatbuyer at Portland will put another
5-cqnt piece in the pocket of the farmers
who produce It, or draw another pound
to "the Oregon port; the farmer la only
Interested in the rate from his farm to
the ocean ship, all else goes to the wheat
buyer and exporter, so how can it affect
him whether the rate is $4 to Astoria or
only to Portland, where the wheat goes
Into vessels? The comparison between
Portland and other ports made by these
complaints against Portland as a port
are not applicable to. the case Portland
stands alone.
"All that Oregon needs is more people
to raise wheat and other products, the
question of the commercial city Is already
settled for all time. Let the railroads
look after their own business and-trust
Oregon's home railroad to see that Ore
gon Is not left in the race for supremacy
in the traffic of the Pacific Coast,
"The milk In the cocoanut, it would
seem to a man up a tree, is that Common
Point Hammond and Flavel Seeley want
to sell their town lots in Flavel at the
other people's expense and without any
benefit to anyone but themselves. If they
have made unprofitable real estate In
vestments It is not the fault of the people
of Oregon, and they should not be held
up nor garroted. The Montana Idea and
methods cannot be made to prevail here.
The O. R. & N. Is railroading, not buying
coal or lumber lands nor town lots. The
complainants in this case seem to be buy
ing all these things and expect to get a
double profit from the people. The Oregon,
railroad Is giving the people a chance to
get Into the country and develop Its re
sources." Keeping: Up "With Hanna.
Philadelphia Press.
"When Senator Mark Hanna some time
ago made a quiet flying trip to New York
one day a newspaper that had been busily
attacking him sent a reporter to his
hotel.
"He's here on some errand important to
the public" said the city editor. "Watch
him; jee whom he meets, and make him
tell what they talk about; get the whole
story-"
The reporter went to the hotel. He
found "Mr. Hanna in a quiet corner of the
lobby and stated his errand. The Senator
spoke with angry emphasis. -
"Why should I say a word to your
paper? It has done nothing but attack
me, misrepresent me and vilify me. Why
should I say a word to your
"Sly newspaper," replied the reporter
calmly, "has a very wide circulation. We
want to know all about this trip so far as
it concerns public interests. Wouldn't
you prefer to tell us yourself rather than
have us learn possibly with unavoidable
Incorrectness in some other way?"
The Senator's grateness relaxed some
what, but he tlll spoke with curtness.
Til tell you. I have come here on pri
vate matters only. I have "no errand of
public interest or importance. I am 16
meet no one here. Now, I have told you
this like a gentleman, and I know you
will believe me like a gentleman. Good
day. sir."
The reporter met this with that diplo
macy which If the inspiration of the in
stant He said: "I thank you for your
frankness, Mr. Hanna, and, as you say, I,
of course, believe you. But, as you see,
we have heard of your presence here.
Others, therefore, may also hear of It I
know you are expecting to, sec no one,
but prominent men unexpectedly to your-self-rray
come here to see you, and on
Important public matters. Under Instruc
tions from my city editor,' therefore, I
think I .shall have to wait ahd see If, un
expectedly to yourself, any such persons
drop In-"
The Senator's sternness vanished; his
face brightened with a grin; he realized
that the reporter would do his best to
treat him .fairly, and throughout the rest
or the day. wm cordiality. Itself.
CONDITIONS IN HAWAII
GREATEST NEED OF ISLANDS IS JU
DICIOUS DEVELOPMENT.
Resources of Country Are Enormous
but Heretofore Neglected Amer
ican Capital Desired.
WASHINGTON. Dec Z-Judging from
the report of President Dole on conditions
In Hawaii, those islands are very much
in need of Judicious development, and
the Intelligent Investment of American
capital. The resources of the Islands seem
to be enormous, but heretofore neg
lected. If sufficient American capital can
be interested and Invested, there Is every
reason to believe that the Hawaiian
Islands will soon bcome a veryi Important
commercial factor In the world's mar
kets. In. lines peculiarly applicable to
such a locality. Among the Interesting
features of this report are the following:
Sui?ar.
"The sugar industry has bton great
ly stimulated by annexation. In the year
1599 there were 53 plantations, 55 of which
had their own reducing plants. There
was aleo one mill which reduced the
cane produced on. neighboring planta
tions. Nine of these plantations may be
credited to the stimulus to the sugar In
dustry caused by annexation and
two are large developments of
small plantations due to the same
cause. Several of these new en
terprises have been given up or sus
pended for a time for various causes,
among which uncertainty of water sup
ply for Irrigation and stringency of the
money market may bo regarded as the
most influential.
"The value of sugar exported for 1S3S,
1S99 and the first six months of 1900 has
been as follows:
1893 $16,614,622 53
1S99 21,S9S,190 97
First half 1900 14,770,546 76
Rice.
"Rice is raised almost entirely by Chi
nese and is cultivated In wet land with
the ground covered by water until the
grain begins to ripen; the water Is then
drawn off, and by the time the crop Is
ready to be harvested the ground is
firm under foot and nearly dry-
"A considerable portion of the product
Is consumed locally.
"The value of rice exported -for 1S9S,
1S99, and the flrst six months of 1900 has
been, as follows:
1898 $149,278 14
1899 42.563 CO
First six months 1900 2,300 00
Coffee.
"During the past 10 or 12 years the cul
tivation of coffee has developed to a con
siderable extent
"Within the last three years the confi
dence of coffee-growers has been much
shaken, and on many plantations the cul
tivation of sugar has been substituted for
that of coffee. ,
"At the present time low prices are
causing some discouragement, but there
is no good reason to believe that coffee
cultivation must cease to be profitable.
Many have made and are making it pay,
and It seems probable that with better
cultivation and greater attention to the
marketing of the product the business
mr.y be placed on a more substantial
basis.
"The Hawaiian coffee, is of a fine qual
ity, and when well established lrj any
market Is much liked and brings good
prices.
Bananas.
"This srult "nas been profitably exported
to the mainland for many years from
Honolulu. With regular steam communi
cation between the Island of Hawaii and
tho mainland, a large export from that
Island, would undoubtedly grow up.
"The value of bananas exported for
1893,' 1899. and the first six months of 1900
has been as follows '
1S93 $66,550 91
1899 84.268 82
First six month 1901 9.317 00
Pineapples.
"Pineapples have been raised for export
for a number of years. One canning fac
tory was started on Oahu several years
ago, but the high American duties caused
the enterprise to be suspended. There
is hardly a limit in the territory to the
possible production of this fruit and
bananas. A variety of the pineapple long
grown on the islands, and commonly
known as the native variety probably
an early Introduction from Mexico
grows wild in several localities and is
of fine quality.
"The export of pineapples in 1893, 1S99,
and the first six months of 1900 was
valued as follows:
189S $14,485 60
1S99 14,629 61
First six months 1900 10,781 U
Tobacco.
"Tobacco grows wild In parts of the
group, and Is cultivated by the natives
and Chinese. The Hawaiian tobacco Is
a large, coarse variety and has never
been properly cured. Improved varieties
have been tried experimentally and have
produced well. Sufficient quantities, how
ever, have not been grown for experi
ments in curing; the commercial values
of tho dlfferert varieties raised Is there
fore unknown.
"The establishment of an experiment
station here is desirable. Such an enter
prise could not fall to be of vast benefit
to the small farming interests of this
territory. If such stations were located
at places where they might be convenient
ly visited by those interested in the ex
perimental work, the results of such work
would, it seems to me, better and more
forcibly reach those whom it is desired
to reach than in any other way. Free
monthly bulletins would be very useful
and would reach many who could not
often visit the stations.
Forests and Production of Lumber.
"A great variety of indigenous trees
exist In the .Hawaiian forests, which gen
erally occupy the higher elevations be
low the frost line. A majority of the
large trees belong to the clas3 of hard
woods, there being no varieties which
are used as house lumber, although
many kinds of trees were formerly used
by the natives In the construction of the
framework of their grass houses.
"Much of the large timber Is suitable
and has been used to a considerable ex
tent for bridges, cart bodies ard wheels,
shipbuilding and piles.
"The wood of the koa tree (acacia koa)
is used for furniture and the Interior
finishing of houses. It is a beautiful
wood, taking a high polish.
"Several varieties of exotic trees have
been Introduced and materially assisted
in adding to the -diminishing forests.
Eucalyptus trees figure prominently
among these. The algeroba tree (Pro
sopls Jullflora or P. dulcls) was Introduced
many years ago and has become an Im
portant acquisition to the Hawaiian for
ests. Inasmuch as it prefers low and
dry lands where other trees will not
grow. This tree now covers thousands
of acres of land, that were once of little
value, promoting the growth of herbage
hv its Drotectlon and affording a vast
quantity of food for livestock from the
sweet pods that It produces In the driest
time of the year. The timber of 'this
tree is also valuable for piles, as no ma
rine borer will touch It If It Is used
green. The algeroba furnishes a large
proportion of the firewood used In the
islands.
"The Government has for several years
past planted forests in the neighborhood
of Honolulu.
"The indigenous forests have dimin
ished during the past half century to an
alarming degree, and are now rapidly
disappearing in some localities. This Is
generally ascribed, correctly, I believe, to
the prevailing custom of pacturing cat
tle In forest lands.
- There is great need for a trained for
ester who can advise the Government
In regard to the protection of forests and
their, extension; also upon, questions-of
permitting certain lands to be deforested
for settlement and agricultural pur
poses. Undeveloped Resources.
"It may be said that with the excep
tion of the production of sugar, rice, fire
wood, fertilizers, and livestock, and the
promotion of Irrigation, the development
of the natural resources of the Hawaiian
Islands Is scarcely begun. In irrigation
a good beginning has been made, 'but
a great .extension of it Is very prac
ticable. The same may be said about
the production of fertilizers. Several of
the small uninhabited Islands In the
northwestern part of the group have con
siderable quantities of phosphate guano.
One of these, Laysan Island, has been
worked for several years by a local com
pany under lease from the Hawaiian
Government
"The production of fruit, vegetables,
and farm products Is capable of a large
Increase. This will be promoted both by
a growing local demand, due to an In
creasing population, and by an improved
market for some of these products on
the mainland under the Influence of free
trade.
"The canning industry and the produc
tion -of Jellies and Jams will be stimu
lated by the same new conditions.
"The climate and soil of the territory
are moat favorable for the growing of
fiber plants. In which enterprise some
experiments have already been made.
"There Is reason to believe that fac
tories for the manufacture of cordage
and dress fabrics, supplied with raw ma
terial from local production, may be
profitable.
"There seems to be no good reason why
woolen factories for manufacturing the
local product might not be profitably car
ried on.
"A shoe manufacturing enterprise, to
consume the local production of hides.
Is now being organized In Honolulu.
"There Is an exotic plant, the acacia
farnesiana (kalu), which for many years
has grown wild in our arid lands, the
flowers of which are valuable for the
manufacture of perfumery. If such an
enterprise should be established it could
be supplied with flowers to an almost
unlimited extent.
"It is highly probable that the culti
vation of tobacco can be made very
profitable. The plant seems to be greatly
favored by both soy and climate, as it
grows wild In several localities.
"There Is quite a large variety of in
digenous trees in the Hawaiian forests,
which furnish timber of great beauty and
most suitable for the manufacture of
furniture. The growth of such trees may
be greatly promoted by protection and
cultivation.
"There Is a large variety of fish of
good quality In the waters washing the
coasts of the Hawaiian Islands. At pres
ent fishing Is carried on by means of
boats and native canoes, and In the shal
low waters of the coral reefs without
such means, for the supply of the local
demand alone. A considerable portion of
the fish caught Is salted and dried for
home consumption, also. Prices of fish
In the larger towns are absurdly high.
There seems to be a good opportunity
for a considerable development of the
Hawaiian fisheries, especially If an out
side market could be found for a part of
the product"
ITS FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY
Oregonian Congratulated by Con
temporary Press of the State.
The Oregonian of the 4th Inst pub
lished a magnificent semi-centennial is
sue, Oregon's big daily newspaper having
celebrated the 50th anniversary of its ex
istence. The special Issue Is full of in
teresting Information and valuable his
torical facts In connection with the
growth and development of the North
westAlbany Herald.
The Oregonian Is one of the great news
papers, of. the country. Editorially, it Is
the strongest paper west of the Rocky
Mountains, perhaps west of the Missis
sippi. Even those who disagree with It
politically are compelled to respect, often
admire It, for the ability that mainly
characterizes Its utterances. For this
and for the further reason "that It has no
rival In the field, The Oregonian exerts a
vast Influence In Oregon. The paper s.
Indeed, a part of the framework of the
state. Corvallls Times.
The Oregonian Is 50 years old today.
From a small beginning It has grown Into
one of the 20 greatest papers In the United
States. It Is entitled to credit for having
grown strong as a newspaper without
growing yellow. It gives the news with
out sensation and does not make posters
of its pages. It Is a credit to the North
west However one may disagree with it
editorially, no one denies Its power and
standing as a purveyor of news. The
Democrat has the file of the paper for
16 or 17 years. The first numbers were
folio, six or seven columns. The number
of pages gradually Increased until today's
Issue contains 24, part devoted to a fine
historical review of the paper. Albany
Democrat.
Tuesday, December 4. The Oregonian
celebrated Its 50th anniversary and Issued
a facsimile of the initial numbpr of that
paper published 50 years ago. There Is a
wide difference In the first Issue and that
of today, the first being a diminutive
little four-page, six-column waif: that
of today a great 24-page, seven-column
Journal. Oregon Is a great state, but as a
news-dlssemlnator and progressive Jour
nal. The Oregonian is ahead of the state.
McMinnville Transcript
On Tuesday, December 4. The Portland
Oregonian rounded out a half-century of
existence. In commemoration of the semi
centennial of its being a special edition
was Issued, giving a complete history or
the paper, Its publishers and editors.
Cuts of the old and the magnificent new
home of the" paper are given, also a fac
simile of the first number. It is not too
much to say that comparisons between the
small one-story office of 1853 and that of
the palatial and modern built nine-story
quarter-block structure of 1900 are not
more marked than comparisons of the
pioneer four-page number with the well
Qdited. progressive Oregonian of today.
Eugene Guard.
The Oregonian Is a great newspaper.
Every citizen of the state Is proud of its
cleanly, well - conducted, enterprising
news departments, and especially so of
Its editorial page, which is by all com
parisons the ablest to be found west of
the Mississippi River, and which has
few equals In any part of the newspaper
world. There are times when Mr. Scott's
pen and the pens of those who, obtain
inspiration from him are unnecessarily
dipped in gall with too vindictive per
sistence, but notwithstanding the poison
ed wounds thus sometimes made, we must
all admire the great ability, the utter
fearlessness and the high purpose which
are usually apparent In The ,Oregonian3
editorial utterances.
It ha3 been always loyal to Portland,
and has been the great factor In making
It the proud metropolis of the Northwest.
Messrs. Plttock and Scott have labored
early and late for over 40 years to make
The Oregonian a commercial success and
have accomplished wonderful results, but
every dollar they have realized has been
again invested In the plant and In the
building, that they might keep pace with
the march of progress and demonstrate
their faith and pride in Portland.
The Statesman wishes Its big neighbor,
which Is but a few weeks its senior, a
perpetuity of prosperity, and to its pro
prietors many years of usefulness, Salem
Statesman.
Northwestern People in Nevr York.
NEW YORK. Dec 6. Northwestern
people registered at New York hotels to
day as follows:
From Portland Dr. H. B. Drake, at the
Murray Hill; I. Lewis, at the Holland;
P. Lowengart, at the Honffman.
From Seattle J. E. Boyce, at tho Herald
Bquaro.
UNCLE SAM AS A PRINTER
TVTLL TURN OUT ?10 AND 53 STAMPS
FOR EACH PERSON NEXT YEAR.
It Costs Trvo Million a Year to Print
Our Paper Money and Stamps
Women Do Most of "W.ork.
It is not the least of the duties of th
Bureau of Engraving and Printing of the
United States Government to see to the
renewing of the worn and defaced cur
rency greenbacks and national bank
notes. All the year round huge print
ing presses are laboriously pounding away
in the steel-inclosed rooms of the Treas
ury Department, and ream after ream
of paper Is transferred Into crisp sheets
bearlnsr the lesrends that make it current
as money, says the Chicago Chronicle. It
is estimated oy tne Treasurer that during
the year 1901 the 76,000,000 inhabitants of
this country will require $10 apiece In
fresh printed money to carry them along.
This represents a total of 107,500,000 crisp
new bills of various denominations. Of
course, a large majority of these bill3
will be ones and twos, because those are
the kinds mostly handled, and the aver
age life of a $1 bill Is not much over a i
year, while a $2 bill Is good for less than
twice that length of time.
Taking an average, every man, woman ,
and child In the United States will use 53
postage stamps during the year 1901, 40
of them being of the popular 2-cent de
nomination. The total number consumed
will be over 4.000.000,000, and nearly LOOO,
000,000 of these will be of the 1-cent va-.
nety. One person out of every ten wllXl
send a special delivery letter In the'
course of a twelvemonth.
Cuba, in 1901. will require about 16,000,0OCM
ordinary stamps, with 100,000 "special de-,
liveries," all of which will be turned out
at Uncle Sam's money mill In Washington. f
The Philippines will use up 5,000,009
stamps. Porto Rico 1,600,000. and Cham
150,000. Of course, Guam, Porto Rico
and the Philippines have no stamps of
their own, properly speaking, but ara
supplied with the ordinary United States'
postage stamps, altered simply by the
addition of a word printed across tha
face of each one in unornamented blaclc
letters. Thus all Guam stamps have tha
word "Guam" marked on them, a3 if it
were for cancellation, and the word "Phil
ippines" makes our common stamps serv
iceable for carrying mall matter in Un
cle Sam's new Oriental archipelago.
By and by our insular dependencies will
have stamps of their own, which will
be printed in Washington, but adorned
with special designs. Just as is the case
nowacays with the Cuban postage stamps
which "are more artistic than any of ours.
the Treasury Department naving exeriecc
Its very best efforts in the production
of the engraved plates.
The first process In the manufacture o
stamps at the money mill Is to count tha
sheets of blank paper, which are pur
chased by contract This work is dona
by women, who. Indeed, perform most
of the labor in the Bureau of Engraving,
simply because they have proved them
selves more capable than men foe
business of this description. Each!
sheet Is the proper size and shape
to make 400 printed stamps, with
a small margin. After they have
been counted the sheets are moistened
by laying wet rags between them at inter
vals of 20, and the following morning,
when the rags are removed, the sheets
are ready for printing.
The press for printing postage stamp3
is a queer-looking, machine, half auto
matic In its action. It is quite a small
nffnii- iHth four shuare steel plates, set
horizontally, occupying the four sides of a
horizontal square at a moaerate ru.ie ui.
speed, passing In turn beneath an Ink
roller. Each of them Is engraved with
the faces of 400 stamps, and, after being
inked by the roller, goes under a me
chanical rubbor which removes most of
the ink. Then the plate is cleansed
of all the rest of the Ink save what Is
In the graven lines, by the man who rubs
it with cloth and his bare hands, and
flnally it goes under a dry cloth-covered
roller, which, a sheet of white paper be
ing interposed,' does the printing.
All of thesp processes are accomplished
four times Inside of half a minute. A girl
supplies the fresh white sheets, as tho
plates come round to her in quick succes
sion, and another girl takes them out,
freslf printed, as they appear on the out
side of the cloth-covered roller, piling
them neatly as she does so. Then tho
sheets, so new and beautiful with their
bright-colored Impressions, are carried fa
another room to be counted, after which
they are laid on racks in wire cages on
wheels and hauled into a steam drying
room to stay over night
On the following mornlrig they are taken
Into the examining room, where each of.
them Is carefully Inspected for defects.
Torn or otherwise Imperfect ones are re
jected, but all fragments are carefully
stuck foTeth'r. so that each sheet toayi
be accounted for. Each person In this
department of the money mill Is expected
to examine 12.500 sheets In a day's work.
Now comes the gumming of the stamps,
which is one of the most interesting steps
In the whole process. Each sheet of 400
Is taken In its turn and placed between
a pair of delicate steel hands, which pass
it beneath a roller that carries a solu
tion of fine gum composed chiefly of dex
trin. An endless belt carries the newly
gummed sheet through a wooden box 100
feet In length, which Is lined with coils
of steam pipes, so that it comes out
at the other end a few minutes later per
fectly dry, bejng received thereupon by
deft fingers of steel and laid accurate
ly upon a pile of similar sheets.
There are eight or ten of these ma
chines working in a great room together,
so that not much time Is required to
gum a million stamps. As the sheets
come out at the further ends of the dry
ing boxes, they are more or less crinkled,
owing to the contractoln of the mucilage,
but the crumple is removed and the
sheets made perfectly smooth by rolling
them a score or more together, with th
hands a process which requires no lit
tle dexterity. If any portion of a sbeeC
Is Imperfectly gummed. It is rejected, ana
such "rejects," as well as all torn or
otherwise damaged stamps, are disposes
of after due counting, by burning theroi
ln'a furnace, a special Treasury commit
tee having charge of this work of de
struction. The gummed postaso stamps beiorer
they are ready for use must be perfor
ated, so as to be torn apart easily, and
this process is performed by machines
with row3 of small-toothed wheels of
brass set parallel to each other. Thesa
also are .run by women, who pass each
sheet beneath the wheels once for tha
longitudinal perforations, after whlcn
they are handed over to other and simi
lar machines to be perforated crosswise.
Then at last they are finished andara
counted once again, before being packed
In parcels for shipment to the postof
flees. Paper cash is ground out in much tha
same way at the money mill, though the
processes are 'less elaborate. The blank;
sheets (every one of which h3S to be ac
counted for) are dampened In the same
manner, and then the back3 of the notea
are printed on them. Though the work;
could be done Just as well by machin
ery and much cheaper. It is all performed
by hand presses, the engraved plate be
ing taken off the press and relnked for
every impression, simply because the in-
fluence of organized labor has been ex
erted to secure the retention of this old
fashioned method. The Ink is applied to
the plate with a rolllng-pln. then the
plate Is polished with a rag and the bars
hand, and finally it is passed, with a
sheet of paper, under a roller. An auto
matic device registers every piece oC
money printed, so that no dishonest work
man would find It possible to run off X
few bills on his own account. In fact, no
printer in this department Is allowed to
leave the building unless he has a pass
showing that his register tallies correct
ly with tho number of sheets given to hira