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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 4, 1900)
'4 THE iTORXING OEEGONIAN, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1900. though not varying -at any place more than 700 feet. The pending claim of R.H. May against the Guatemalan Government has been settled by arbitration, George F. B. Jen ner, British Minister at Guatemala, who "was chosen as sole arbitrator, having awarded 5113.750 73 In gold to the claim ant. Various American claims against Haytl have beeen or are being advanced to the Tesort of arbitration. As the result of negotiations with the Government of Honduras In regard to the Indemnity demanded for the murder ot Frank H. Pears, In Honduras, that gov ernment has paid $10,000 In settlement of the claim of the heirs. The assassination of King Humbert called forth sincere expressions of scj row from this Government and people, and occasion was fitly taken to testify to the Italian Nation the high regard here felt for the memory of the lamented ruler. Lynching of Itullan. In my last message I referred at con siderable length to the lynching of five Italians at Tallulah. Notwithstanding the efforts of the Federal Government, the production of evidence tending to In culpate the authors of this grievous of fense against our civilization, and the repeated Inquests set on foot by the au thorities of the State of Louisiana, no punishments have followed. Successive grand juries have failed to Indict. The representations of the Italian Govern ment, in the face of this miscarriage, have been most temperate and just. Set ting the principle at Issue high above all consideration of merely , pecuniary Indem nification, such as this Government made In the three previous cases, Italy has solemnly Invoked the pledges of existing treaties and asked that the justice to which she is entitled shall be meted in -regard to her unfortunate countrymen In our territory with the same full measure she herself would give to any American were his reciprocal treaty rights con temned. I renew the urgent recommen dations I made last year that Congress appropriately confer upon the Federal Courts jurisdiction In this class of Inter, national cases where the ultimate respon sibility of the Federal Government may be Involved, and I Invite action upon the bills to accomplish this which were In troduced In the Senate and House. It Is incumbent upon us to remedy the statu tory omission which has led and may -again lead to such untoward results. 1 have pointed out the necessity and the precedent for legislation of this character. Its enactment is a simple measure of pro visory justice toward the nations with which we, as a sovereign equal, make treaties requiting reciprocal observance. While the Italian Government naturally regards such action as the primary and indeed the most essential element In the disposal of the Tallulah Incident, 1 ad vise that In accordance with precedent and In view of the Improbability of that particular case being reached by the bill now pending Congress make gracious provisions for Indemnity to the Italian sufferers in the same form and proportion as heretofore. In my inaugural address I referred to the general subject of lynching In these words: "Lynchlngs must not be tolerated in a great and civilized country like the United States; courts, not mobs, must ex ecute the penalties of the law. The pres ervation of public order, the right of dis cussion, the integrity of courts and the orderly administration of justice must continue forever the rock of safety upon which our Government securely rests." This T most urgently reiterate and 1 again Invite the attention of my coun trymen to this reproach upon our civ ilization. Japanese a Modern People. The closing year has witnessed a de cided strengthening of Japan's relations to other states. The development of her Independent judicial and administrative functions under the treaties which took effect July 17, 1B99, has proceeded without International friction, showing the compe tence of the Japanese to hold a fore most place among the modern peoples. In the treatment of the difficult Chinese problems, Japan has acted In harmonious concert with the other powers, and her generous co-operation materially aided In the Joint relief of the beleaguered Lega tions in Pekln and In bringing about an understanding preliminary to a settle ment of the Issues between the powers and China. Japan's declarations In favor of the Integrity of the Chinese Empire and the conservation of open world trade therewith have been frank and posi tive. As a factor for promoting the gen. eral Interests of peace, order and fair commerce In the far East,, the influence of Japan can hardly be overestimated. The valuable aid and ldndly courtesies extended by the Japanese Government and naval officers to the battle-ship Oregon are gratefully appreciated. Complaint Was made last Summer of the discriminatory enforcement of a bu bonic quarantine against Japanese on the Pacific Coast and of interference with theli travel In California and Coloradoi under the health laws of those states. The latter restrictions have been adjudged by a Federal court to be unconstitutional. No recurrence of either cause of com plaint is apprehended. Money Returned to Mexico. No noteworthy incident has occurred in our ielations with our Important south ern neighbors. Commercial Intercourse with Mexico continues to thrive, and the two governments neglect no opportunity to foster their mutual interests In all practicable ways. Pursuant to the declaration of the Su prqme.pourt that the awards of the late joint'' commission In the La Abra and Weil claims were obtained through fraud, the sum awarded In the first case, $103. C9C OS. has been returned to Mexico, and ittie amount of the Well award will be re turned in like manner. A convention indefinitely extending the time for the labors for the United States and Mexican International (water) bound ary commission has been signed. International Arbitration. It is with satisfaction that I am able to announce the formal notification at The Hague, on September 4, of the depos it of ratifications of the convention for the pacific settlement ot the internation il disputes by 16 powers, namely, the United States, Austria. Belgium. Denmark. Eng land. France. Germany. Italy, Persia, Portugal, Roumania, Russia, Slam. Spain, Sweden and Norway and The Nether lands. Japan also has since ratified the convention. The administrative council ot the permanent court of arbitration has been organized, .and It has adopted rules or order and a constitution for the In ternational Arbitration Bureau. In ac cordance with article 23 of the convention providing for the appointment by each signatory power of persons of known competency In questions of international law as arbitrators I have appointed as membors of this court. Hon. Benjamin Harrison, of Indiana, ex-President of the United States: Hon. Melville W. Fuller, of Illinois. Chief Justice of the United Statos; John W. Griggs, of New Jersey, Attorney-General of the, United States, and Hon. George Gray, ot Delaware, a Judge of the Circuit Court of the United States Incident of Mosquito Revolt. As an incident of the brief revolution In the Mosquito district of Nicaragua, early In 1S99, the Insurgents forcibly collected from American merchants duties upon Imports. On tho restoration of order, the Nlcaraguan authorities demanded a sec ond payment of such duties on the ground that they were due to the titular gov ernment, and that their diversion had aid ed the revolt. This position was not ac cepted by us. After prolonged discussion a compromise was effected, under which the amount of the second payments was depoblted with the British Consul at San Juan del Norte, In trust, until the two governments should determine whether the first payments had been made under compulsion of a de facto authority. Agreement as to this was not reached, end the point was waived by the act or the Nicaragua. Government In rtgucstln the British Consul to return the deposits to the merchants. Menacing differences between several of the Central American states have been accommodated, our Ministers rendering good offices toward an understanding. The Mcarncon Canal. The Important matter of an intcrocoanlc canal has assumed a new phase. Ad hering to Its refusal to reopen the question of the forfeiture of the contract of the Maritime Canal Company, which was terminated for alleged noncxecutlon In October, 1SS9, the Government of Nicara gua has since supplemented that action by declaring tho so-styled Eyre-Crngln option void for nonpayment of the stipu lated advance. Protests In relation to these acts have been filed In the State Department and are under consideration. Deeming ltsolf relieved from existing en gagements, the Nicaragua Government shows a disposition to floal freely with the canal question, either In the way ot negotiations with the United States or by taking measures to promote the water way. Overtures for a convention to effect the building of a canal under the auspices of the United States are under considera tion. In the meantime, the views of Con gress upon the subject In the light ot the report of the committee appointed to examine tho comparative merits of tho various trans-Isthmian ship canal proj ects may be awaited. I commend to the early attention of the Sonate the convention with Great Britain to facilitate the construction of such a canal, and to remove any objec tion whl;h might arise out of the conven tion commonly called the Clayton-Bul-wer treaty. The Delngon Bay Avrard. The long-standing contention with Portugal growing out of the seizure of the Delagoa Bay Railway has been at last determined by a" favorable award of the tribunal of arbitration at Berne to which It was submitted. The amount ot the award, which was deposited In Lon don awaiting arrangements by the Gov ernment of the United States and Great Britain for Its disposal, has been recently paid oyer to the two governments. A lately signed convention of extradi tion with Peru, as amended by the Sen ate, has been ratified by the Peruvian Congress. Another Illustration of the policy of this Government to refer International disputes to Impartial arbitration Is seen in the agreement reached with Russia to submit the claims of behalf of American sealing vessels seized In Behrlng Sea o determination by Mr. T. M. C. Asser, a distinguished statesman and Jurist of The Netherlands. Thanks are due to the Imperial Russian Government for kindly aid rendered by its authorities In Eastern Siberia to American missionaries fleeing from Man churia. Relation "With Spain. Satisfactory progress has been madei toward the conclusion of a general treaty' of friendship and Intercourse with Spain In replacement of the old treaty, which passed Into abeyance by reason of the late war. A new convention of extradU tion Is approaching completion, and I would be much pleased were a commer cial arrangement to follow. I feel that we should not suffer to pass an oppor tunity to reaffirm the cordial ties that existed between us and Spain from the time of our earliest Independence, and to onhance the mutual benefits of that com mercial Intercourse which Is natural be tween the two countries. By tho terms of the treaty of peace, tho line bounding the ceded Philippine group on the southwest failed to Include several small Islands lying west of the Sulus. which have always been recog nized as under Spanish control. The oc cupation of Slbutu and Cagayan. Sulu, by our naval forces elicited a claim on the part of Spain, the essential equity of which could not be gainsaid. In order to cure the defect of the treaty by re moving all possible ground of future mis understanding respecting the Interpreta tion of its third article. I directed the negotiation ot a supplementary treaty, which will be forthwith laid before the Senate, whereby Spain quits all title and olalm of title to the Islands named, as well as to any and all Islands belonging to the Philippine Archipelago ljlng out side the lines described In said third ar ticle, and agrees that all such islands shall be comprehended In the cession of the archipelago as fully as if they had been expressly Included within those lines. In consideration of this cession the United States is to pay Spain the sum of $100,0Ca. A bill Is now pending to effect the rec ommendation made in my last annual message, that appropriate legislation be had to carry into execution article S of the treaty of peace with Spain, by which the United Statos assumed the paymont of certain claims for indem nity of Its citizens against Spain. I ask that action be taken to fulfill this obli gation. The King of Sweden and Norway has accepted the joint Invitation of the United States. Germany and Great Brit ain to arbitrage claims growing out of losses sustained In the Samoan Islands in the course of military operations made necessary by the disturbances in 1ES9. Our claims upon the Government of the Sultan for reparation for injuries suf fered by American citizens In Armenia and elbewhere give promise of early and satisfactory settlement. His Majesty's good disposition in this regard has been evidenced b ythe Issuance of an lrade for rebuilding the American college at Har-poot. RECIPROCITY TREATIES. Temporary Arrangements Extended Until Congress Can Act. The failure of action by the Senate at Its last session upon the commercial con ventions then submitted for its consid eration and approval, although caused by the great pressure of other legislative business, has caused much disappoint ment to the agricultural and Industrial interests of the country, which hoped to profit by their provisions. The conven tional periods for their ratification hav ing expired, it became necessary to sign additional articles extending the time for that purpose. This was requested on our part, and the other governments inter ested have concurred, with the exception of one convention. In respect to which no formal reply has been received. Since my last communication to the Con gress on this subject, special commercial agreements under the third section of the tariff act haie been proclaimed with Por tugal, with Italy, and with Germany. Commercial conventions under the gen eral limitations of the fourth section of tho same act have been concluded with Nicaragua, with Ecuador, with the Do minican Republic, with Great Britain on behalf of the Island of Trinidad, and with Denmark, on behalf of the Island ot St. Croix. These will be early communicated to the Senate. Negotiations with other governments are In progress for the Im provement and security of our commercial relations. The policy ot reciprocity so manifestly J rests upon tne principle of International equity and has been so repeatedly ap proved by the people of the United States that thero ought to be o hesitation In either branch of the Congress In giving to it full effect. This Government de sires to preserve the most just and aml cablo commercial relations with all foreign countries, unmoved by the Industrial rival ries necessarily developed in the expan sion ot International traae. It Is believed that the foreign governments generally entertain the same rurpose, although in some Instances there are clamorous de mands upon them for legislation spe cifically hostile to American Interests. Should those demands prevail, I shall communicate with the Congress with the view of advising such legislation as may be necessary to meet the emergency. The exposition of the resources and products ot the Western Hemisphere, to bo held at Buffalo next year, promises Important' results, not only for the United Staves, but for. tbo other participating.! countries. It Is gratifying that the Latin American States have evinced the liveli est interest, and the fact that an Interna tional American congress will be held In tho City of Mexico, while the exposition is in, progress encourages the hope of a larger display at Buffalo than might otherwise be practicable. The work of preparing an exhibit of our National re sources is making satisfactory progress under the direction of different officials of tho Federal Government and the vari ous states of the Union have shown a dis position toward the most liberal partici pation In tho enterprise. Tho Bureau of the American Republics continues to discharge with the happiest results the Important work of promoting cordial relations between the United States and the Latn-Amerlcan countries, all of which are now active members of tho International Union. The bureau has been Instrumental In bringing about the agreement for another International American congress, which Is to meet In tho City of Mexico In October, 1501. The bureau's future for another term of 10 years Is assured by the International com pact, but the Congress will doubtless have much to do with shaping new lines of work and a general policy. Its useful ness to the Interests of Latin-American trade is widely appreciated, and shows a gratifying development. Utility of Consular Service. The practical utility of the Consular service in obtaining a wide range of in formation as to the industries and com merce of other countries, and the oppor tunities thereby afforded by Introducing the sale of our goods have kept steadily In advance of the notable expansion of our foreign trade, and abundant evidence has been furnished, both at home and abroad, of the fact that the Consular reports. Including many rrom our diplo matic representatives, have to a consid erable extent pointed out ways and means of disposing of a great variety of manu factured goods which otherwise might not have found sale abroad. Testimony of foreign observers to the commercial ef ficiency of the Consular corps seems to be conclusive, and our own' manufacturers and exporters highly appreciate the value of the service rendered, not only in the printed reports, but also in the individual efforts of Consular officers to promote American trade. An Increasing part of the work of tho bureau of foreign commerce, whose pri mary duty It Is to compile and print the reports, is to answer inquiries from trade organizations, bus'ness houses, etc., as to conditions in various parts of the world, and, notwithstanding the sraall ness ot the force employed, the work has been so systematized that responses are made with such promptitude and ac curacy as to elicit flattering encomiums. The experiment of printing the Consular reports daily for immediate use by trade bodies, exporters and the press, which was begun in January. 1S3S, continues to give general satisfaction. AGAIN TREASURY SURPLUS Increased Receipts nnd Diminished Expenses of the Government. It Is gratjfjing to be able to state that the surplus revenues for the fiscal year -ended June 30. 1900. were S79.527.OG0 18. For the six preceding years we had only deficits, the aggregate of which from 1HH to JS89. Inclusive, amounted J2S3.022, 29111. Tho receipts for the vear from all sources, exclusive of postal revenues, aggregated $367,240,861 SJ). and expenditures for all purposes, except for the adminis tration of the Postal Department, aggre gated J4S7.713 791 71. The receipts from customs were S233.1W.S71 15. an Increase over the preceding year of 527.030,359 41. Receipts from internal revenue were 295, 327.926 76. an increase of 521.SS0.785 25 over 1S89. The receipts from miscellaneous sources were 53S.74S.053 97. as agilnst 136. 291.976 92 for the previous year. It Is gratifying also to note Chat dur ing the year a considerable reduction is shown in the expenditures of the Gov ernment. The War Department expendi tures for the fiscal year 1900 were J134. 771.767 78. a reduction of 595.066.4S0 69 over those of 1SS9. In the Navy Department the expenditures were ZS 953.077 72 far the year 1900. as against 563.942.104 25 for the preceding year, a decrease of 57.9S9.C26 S3. In the expenditures on account of Indians there was a decrease In 1900 over 1S33 of 52.630.604 3?: and In the civil and mis cellaneous expenses for 1900 there was a reduction of 513.41S.065 74. Because of the excess of revenues over expenditures, the Secretary of the Treas ury was enabled to apply bond and other securities to the sinking fund to the amount of 556.514.556 06. The details of tho sinking fund are set forth in the re port of the Secretary of the Treasury, to which I invite attention. The Secretary of the Treasury estimates that the re ceipts for the current fiscal year win ag gregate 53S0,000.000. and the expenditures 5500.000,000, leaving an excess of revenues over expenditures of tSO.000.000. The present condition of the Treasury Is one of undoubted strength. The avail able cash balance November 30 was 5129, 303.794 20. Under the form of statement prior to the financial law of March 14 last, this would have b'een included In the statement of available cash) gold coin and bullion held for the redemption of United States note?. If this form were pursued, the cash balance, including the present gold reserve of 5150,000.000, would be 52S9.203.794 50. Such ba'ance November 30. 1S99. was 5295,495.30155. In tho general fund, which Is wholly separate from the reserve and trust funds, there was on November 30, 570. 030.073 15 In gold coin and bullion, to which should be added 522.957,300 In gold certificates, subject to Issue, against which there is held In the division of re demption gold coin and bullion making a total holding of freo gold amounting to $38,047,373 15. It will be the duty, as I am sure It will be the disposition of the Congress, to pro vide whatever further legislation js need ed to Insure the continued parity under all conditions between our two forms of metallic money, silver and gold. Our surplus revenues have permitted the Secretary of the Treasury since the close of the fiscal year to call In the funded loan of 1SS1 continued at 2 per cent in the sum of 525,351,500. To and Including November 30, 523.45S.100 of these bonds have been paid. This sum, together with the amount which may accrue from fur ther redemptions under the call, will be applied to the sinking fund. The law of March 14. 1900, provides for refunding Into 2 per cent 30-year bonds, payable principal and Interest in gold coin of the presont standard value, that portion of the public debt represented by the 3 per cent bonds of 190S, the 4 per cents of 1907 and tho 5 per cents of 19M, of which there was outstanding at the date of said laws 5S39.149.S30i The holders of tho old bonds presented them for exchange between March 14 and November 30, to the amount of 5364,943,750. The net saving to the Government on these transactions ag gregated 59.106.166. Another effect of tho operations, as stated by tho Secretary, Is to reduce the charge upon the Treasury for the pay ment of Interest from the dates of the refunding to February 1. 1901. by the sum of more than 57,000.000 annually. From February 1, 1904, to July 1, 1507, the annual interest charge will be reduced by the sum of more than 55.000,000 and for the 13 months ending August 1, 190S, by about 51,000.000. Tho full details of the refunding are given in the annual report of the Secretary of the Treasury. Benefit of Xeiv Banking? Act. The beneficial effect of the financial act of 1900 as far as It relates to the modifi cation of the National banking act Is already apparent. The provisions for the Incorporation of National banks with a capital ot not less than 525,000 In places not exceeding 3000 inhabitants has re sulted in the extension ot banking fa cilities to many small communities hith erto unable to provide themselves with banking institutions trader the National system. There were organized from the enactment of th law up to and Includ ing November -30. 363 National banks, of which. 226 were with capital less than 550. 000 and 103 with capital of 550.000 or mora It Is worthy of mention that the great er number of banks being organized un der the new law are in sections where tho need of banking facilities has been most pronounced. Iowa stands first with 30 banks of the smaller class, while Texas, Oklahoma. Indian Territory and the Md dle and Western sections of tho country have also availed themselves largely of the privileges under the new law. A large increase In National bank cir culation has resulted from the provis ion of the act which permits National banks to issue circulating notes to tho par value ot the United States bonds deposited as security instead of only 90 per cent thereof as heretofore. The In crease In circulating notes from March 11 to November 20 Is 577.SS9.570. The party In power Is committed to such legisla tion as will better make the currency responsive to the varying needs of busi ness at all seasons and In all sections. Oar Foreign Trade. Our foreign trade shows a remarkable record of commercial and Industrial progress. The total of imports and ex ports for the first time In the history of our country exceeded 52,000,000,000. The exports are greater than they have ever been before, the total for the fiscal year 1900 being 5X344.4S3.0S2, an Increase over 1S99 of 5167,459,750, an Increase over 1SSS of 5163.000,752. over 1S97 of 5343.4S9.526 and greater than 1S96 by 5511.S76.144. The growth of manufactures In tho United States Is evidenced by the fact that ex ports of manufactured products largely exceed those ot any previous year, their value for 1900 being 5433.S51.756 against 5333.592.146 In 1S99, an Increase of 23 per cent. Agricultural products were also ex ported during 1900 In greater volume than In 1S99, the total for the year being 5S35, S5S.123 against 5784.776,142 in 1899. The Imports of the year amounted to 5S49.941.1S4. an increase over 1S99 of 5152, 792.695. This increase is largely In mate rials for manufacture and is in response to the rapid development of manufactur ing In the United States. While there was imported for use In manufactures in 1900 material to the value of 579.765.972 In ex cess of 1S99, it is reassuring to observe that there is a tendency toward decrease In the importation of articles manufac tured ready for consumption, which in 1900 formed 15.17 per cent of the total Imports against 13!64 per cent In 1S93 and 21.09 per cent In 1S55. Redaction of Internal Revenue. I recommend that the Congress at its present session Teduce the Internal reve nue taxes Imposed to meet the expenses of the war with Spain in the sum of 530,000,000. This reduction should be se cured by the remission of those taxes which experience has shown to be the most burdensome to the Industries of the people. I especially urge that there be Included In whatever reduction Is made the legacy tax on bequests foe 'public uses of a liter ary, educational or charitable character. American Shipping'. American vessels during the past three years have carried about 9 per cent of our. exports and Imports. Foreign ships snouia carry tne least, not the greatest, part of American trade. The remarkable growth of our steel Industries, the prog ress of shipbuilding for the domestic trade and pur steadily maintained ex penditures for the Navy have created an opportunity to place the United States In the first rank of commercial maritime powers. Besides realizing a proper Na tional aspiration, this will mean the es tablishment and healthy growth along all our coasts of a distinctive National in dustry, expanding the field for profitable employment of labor and capital. It will increase the transportation facilities and reduce freight charges on the vast vol ume of products brought from, the inte rior to the seaboard for export, and will strengthen an arm of the National de fense upon which the founders of the Government and their successors hnve relied. In again urging immediate action b "the Congress on measures to promote the American shipping and foreign trade I direct attention to the recommenda tions on the subject in previous messages, and particularly to the opinion expressea In the message of 1KB: "I am satisfied the judgment of the country favors the policy of aid to our merchant marine which will broaden our commerce and markets and upbuild our sea-carrying capacity for the products ot agriculture and manufacture, which, with the Increase of our Navy, mean more work and wage3 tp our countrymen, as well as a safeguard tp American interests in every part of the world." The attention of the Congress is invited to the recommendation of the Secretary of the Treasury in his annual report foi legislation In behalf of the Revenue Cut ter Service, and favorable action Is urged. Recommendation as to Trusts. In my last annual message to the Con gress, I called attention to the necessity for early action to remedy such evils as might be found to exist in connection with combinations of capital organized Into trusts, and again Invite attention to nfy discussion on the subject at that time, which concluded with these words: "It is apparent that uniformity of legis lation upon this subject in the several states Is much to he desired. It is to be hoped that such unlfomlty. founded In a wise and jiist discrimination between what is injurious and what is useful and necessary In business operations, may bo obtained, and that means may be found for the Congress within the limitations of its constitutional power so to supple ment an effective code of state legisla tion as to make a complete system of laws throughout the United States ade quate to compel a general observance of the salutary rules to which I have re ferreo. The whole question Is so Important and far-reaching that I am sure no part of it will be lightly considered., but erry phase of It will have the studied delib eration of the Congress, resulting in wis and judicious action. Restraint upon such combinations as arc injurious, and which are within Federal jurisdiction, should be promptly applied by Congress. CONDITION IN PHILIPPINES Recommendations for a Civil Gov ernment for the Islands. In my last annual message I dwelt at some length upon the condition of af fairs In the Philippines. While seeking to impress upon you that the grave re sponsibility of the future government of those islands rests with the Congress of the United States, I abstained from rec ommending at that time a specific and final form of government for the terri tory actually held by the United States forces, and in which, as long as the in surrection continues, the military arm must necessarily be supreme. I stated my purpose, until the Congress shall have made known the formal expression ot Its will, to use the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the stat utes to uphold the sovereignty of the' United States In these distant Islands, as in. all other places where our flag right fully floats, placing to that end at the disposal of tho Army and Navy all the means which the liberality of the Con gress and 'the people have provided. No contrary expression of tho will of the Congress having been made, I have steadfastly pursued the purpose so de clared, employing the civi arm as well toward the accomplishment of pacifica tion and the Institution of local govern ments within tho lines of authority and law. Progress In tho hoped-for direction has been favorable. Our forces have suc cessfully controlled the greater part of the Islands, overcoming the organized forces of the insurgents, and carrying order and administrative regularity to all quarters. What opposition remains is for the most part scattered, obeying no concerted plan of strategic action, oper ating only by the methods common to the traditions of guerrilla warfare, which, whllo ineffective to alter the general con trol now established, are still sufficient to beget Insecurity among the popula tions that- have felt the good results of our control, and thus delay, the confer ment upon them of (he fuller measures of local self-government, of education and of Industrial and agricultural devel opment which we stand ready to give them. By the Spring of this year the effective opposition of the dissatisfied Tagals to the authority ot the United States was virtually ended, thus opening the door for the extension of a stable administra tion over much ot the territory of the archipelago. Desiring to bring this about, I appointed In march last a civil com mission, composed of the Hon. William H. Taft, of Ohio; Professor Dean C. Worcester, of Michigan; Hon. Luke E. Wright, of Tennessee; Hon. Henry C. Ide, of Vermont, and Professor Bernard Moses, of California. The alms of their mission and he scope of their authority are clearly set forth In Instructions of April 7. 1900, addressed to the Secretary of War, to be transmitted to them. Instructions for Commission. Jo, the message transmitted to the Con gress December 6, 1S99, I said, speaking of the Philippine Islands: "As long as the Insurrection continues, the military arm must necessarily bo su preme. But there Is no reason why steps should not be taken from time to time to inaugurate governments essen tially popular In their form as fast as territory Is held and controlled by our troops. To this end I am considering the advisability of the return ot the com mission, or such members thereof as can be secured, to aid the existing authori ties and facilitate this work throughout the Islands." "To give effect to the Intention thu3 ex expressed I have appointed Hon. William Taft, of Ohio; Professor Dean C. Worces ter, of Michigan; HoiuLuke E. Wright, of Tennessee; Hon. Henry C. Ide, of Ver mont, and Prqfessor Bernard Moses, of California, Commissioners to the Philip pine Islands to continue and perfect the work of organizing and establishing civil government already commenced by the military authorities subject In all re spects tc any laws which Congress may hereafter enact. "The Commissioners named will meet and act as a board, and the Hon. William Taft h designated as president of the board. It is probable that the transfer of authority from military" commanders to civil officers will be gradual and will occupy a considerable period. Its suc cessful accomplishment and tne mainte nance of peace and order In the mean time will require the most perfect co operation between the civil and military authorities in the Islands, and both should be directed during the transition period by the same executive department. The Commission will, therefore report to the Scretary of War, and all their actions will be subject to your approval and control. "You will. Instruct the Commission to proceed to the City of Manila, where they will make their principal office, and to communicate with the military Governor of the Philippine Islands, whom you will at the same time direct to render to them every assistance within his power in the performance of their duties. Without hampering them by too specific instruc tions, they snould In general be enjoined, af'er making themselves familiar with the conditions. and needs of the country, to devote their attention in the first in stance to the estab'ishment of municipal governments In which the natives of the Island, both In the cities and In the rural communities, shall "be afforded the oppor tunity to manage their local affairs to the fullest extent of which they are capa ble, and subject to the least degree ot supervision and control which a careful study of their capacities and observations of the workings of native control shows to be consistent with the maintenance of law. order and loyalty. "The next subject In order of Importance should be the organization ot government in the larger administrative divisions cor responding to counties, departments or! provinces, in which the common Interests of any of several municipalities falling within he same tribal lines, or the same natural geographical limits, may best be subserved by a common administration. Whenever the Commission Is of the opin ion that the condition of affairs In the Islands Is such that the central adminis tration may safely be transferred from military to civil control, they will report the conclusion to you with their recom mendations as to the form of central gov ernment to be established for the pur pose of taking over the control. "Beginning the 1st day of September, 1900, the authority to exercise, subject to my approval, through the Secretary of War, that part of the power of govern ment In the Philippine Islands which Is of a leglslatlvejiature. Is to be transferred from the military government of the Islands to this Commission, to be there after exercised by them in the place and stead of military government under such rules and regulations as you shall prescribe, until the establishment of tho civil lentral government for the Islands contemplated in the last foregoing para graph, or urftll Congress shall otherwise provide. Exercise of this legislative au thority will Include the making of rules and oHers having the effect of law for the raising of revenue by taxes, customs duties and Imposts: the appropriation and expenditure of public funds of the Island; the establishment of an educational sys tem throughout the Islands; the estab lishment of a system to secure an efficient civil service; the organization and estab lishment of courts; the organization and establishment ot municipal and depart mental governments, and all other mat ters of a civil nature for which the mili tary Governor is now competent to pro vide by rules or orders of & legislative character. "Tie Commission will also have power during the same period to appoint to of fice such officers under the judicial, educa tional and civil service system and In the municipal and departmental govern ments as shall be provided, for. Until the complete transfer of control, the mili tary Governor will remain the chief ex ecutive head of the government of the islands, and will exercise the executive authority now possessed by him and not herein expressly assigned to the Commis sion subject, however, to the yules ana orders enacted by the Commission In the exercls of legislative powers conferred upon them. In the meantime the munici pal and departmental governments will continue to report to the military Gov ernor and be subject to his administra tive, supervision and control, under your direction, but that supervision and control will be confined within the narrowest lim its consistent with the requirements, that the powers of government in the munici palities and departments shall be hon estly and effectively exercised, and that law and order and Individual freedom shall be maintained. "All legislative rules and orders, estab. ments of government and appointments to office by the commission will take ef- r Asthma Do you know "Waat it 13 ? The n-ud struggle for air, ike spasmodic breathing, the nights spent in a chajr; all tell the story of terrible suffering. But Aye s Cherry Pectoral cores asthma. There is no doubt about it. We have hundreds of grateful testimonials to this effeit. Three tlzest Hc enough fox an ordinary cold; J0c JuJt riht for uttuaa, bro&ebttls, hoarteaess, -irhooptasr-conea, hard cola; JLOO.xaort economical for ehronio cae. CAUSE EFFECT CURE PROOF FRED SAMPLE Warner's Safe Cure sent on receipt of postal card. Address, "Warner's Safe Cure Co., Rochester, N. T. Mention this Paper. feet Immediately, or at such times as they shall designate, subject to your approval and action upon the coming In of the commissioners' reports, which are to be made from time to time as their action Is taken. Wherever civil governments are constituted under the direction of the commission, such military posts, gar risons and forces will be continued for the suppression of Insurrection and bri gandage and the maintenance of law and order as the military commander shall deem requisite, and the military forces shall be at all times subject, under bis orders, to the call of the civil authori ties for the maintenance of law and order and the enforcement of their authority. "In the establishment of municipal gov ernments the commission will take as the basis of their work the governments es tablished by the Military Governor under his order ot August 8, IS99. and under the report of the board constituted by the Military Governor by his order of Janu ary 29, 1900, to formulate and report a plan of municipal government of which His Honor. Cayetano Arellano, president of the Audlencia, was chairman; and they will give to the conclusions of that board the weight and consideration which the high character and distinguished abili ties of Its members justify. "In the constitution of departmental or provincial governments they will give es pecial attention to the existing govern ment of the Island of Nexrros. constituted with the approval of the people of that Island under the order of the military Governor of July 22, 1S99, and after veri fying so far as may be practicable the Reports of the successful working of that government, they wIlL be guided by the experience thus acquired, so far as It may be applicable to the condition existing In other portions of the Philippines. They will avail themselves to the fullest de gree practicable of the conclusions reached by the previous commission to the Philippines. "in the distribution of powers among the governments organized by the com mission, the presumption Is always to be In favor of the smaller sub-dlvlslon, so that all the powers which can properly be exerclsesd by the municipal govern ment shall be vested In that government, and all the powers of a more general character which can be exercised by the departmental governments shall be vested In that government, so that In the govern mental system which Is the result of the process, the central government of the island, following the example of the dis tribution of the powers between tho states and the National Government of the rjnlted States, shall have no direct administration, except of matters of purely-general concern, and shall have only such supervision and 'control over local governments as may be necessary to se cure and enforce faithful-and efficient ad ministration by local officers. "The many different degrees of civiliza tion and varieties of custom and capacity among the people of the different islands preclude very definite Instruction as to the part which the people shall take In the selection of their own officers; but these general rules are to be observed: "That In all cases the municipal offi cers who administer the local affairs of the peopla are to be selected by the peo ple, and that wherever officers of more ex tended jurisdiction are to be selected In any way, natives of the Island are to be preferred, and If they can be found com petent and willing to perform the duties, they are to receive the offices in prefer ence to any others. "It will be necessary to fill some offices for the present with Americans, which, after a time, may be filled by natives of the island. As soon as practicable a system for ascertaining the merit and fitness of candidates for civil offices should be put in force. An indispensable quali fication for all offices and positions ot pcr BORDEN'S ? jCi?. Sggggsggj RAND 32s TWENTY TOTJNf irrcN troubled with night fulness, aversion to society, which deprive you of your manhood. UNFIT TOO FOR BUSINESS OR MARRIAGE. ,..,, MIDDLE-AGED MEN who from excesses and strains have lost their MANLY POWER. BLOOD AND SKIN DISEASES. Syphilis, Gonorrhoea, painful, bloody urlna. Gleet, Stricture enlarged prostate. Sexual Debility, Varicocele, Hydrocele. Kidney and Liver troubles, cured WITHOUT MERCURY AND OTHER POIS'OUS DRUGS Catarrh and Rheumatism CURED. Dr. Walker's methods are regular and scientific He use no patent nostrum or ready-made preparations, but cures the disease by thorough medical treatment. Hia New Pamphlet on Private Diseases sent Free to all men who describe thl troubles. PATIENTS cured at home. Term's reasonable. All letters answered w plain envelope. Consultation free and saCredly confidential. Call on or addr Doctor WnUceXf 133 First Sp, Corner Alder, PertXaad On Of Kidney Disease is oftentimes en shrouded in mystery. ?-. Of Kidney Disease is NOT mysterious, but is Known to all For ail form? of Kidney Disease Is Warner's Safe Cure. A vegetable specific, and for the past 21 years favorably known in ali parts of the civilized world. 1931 North Ashland Ave . Chicago. Til., An?. 22. 1000. WARNER'S SAFE CURE CO. Gentlemen: 'When mjf physician first told me that I had Blight's disease, a cold chill went over me and I felt as if I were a doomed man. For three montfis I took his prescription and kept setting; worse, when my drusglst. who was a personal friend, told me that In Ms opinion, "Warner's Safe Cure was the best medicine on earth for Brlght's disease. I took a bottle at once, and gradually felt relleed. I kept taklne It fatlently and regularly for two months, and words cannot describe my feeling wheal found that I was cured. Brlght's disease is a thing of the past, and I would like to say to everyone similarly affected, try Warner's Safe Cure. Tours -very respectfully, JOE ROSS. trust and authority In the island must be absolute and unhampered: authority and power to remove and punish any of ficer deviating from the standard must at all times be retained In the hands of the central authority of the island. "In all of the forma of government antl administrative provisions which they are authorized to prescribe, the commission should bear in mind that the government which they are establishing is designed, not for our satisfaction or for the ex pression of our theoretical views, but for the happiness, peace and prosperity o the people of the Philippine Islands, and the measures adopted should be made to conform to their customs, their habits and even their prejudices, to the fullest extent consistent with the accomplish ment of the Indispensable requisites of Just and effective government. At the same time, the commission should bear in mind and the people of the island should be made plainly to understand that there are certain great principles of government which have been mado the basis of our governmental system. Which we deem essential to the ru' of law and the maintenance of Individual freedom and of which they have unfor tunately been denied the experience pos sessed; that there are also certain practical rules of government which we have found to be essential to the preservation of these great principles of liberty and law, and that these principles and these rules of government must be established and maintained In their Island for the sake of their liberty and happiness, however much they may conflict with the customs or laws of procedure with which they ore familiar. "It Is evident that the most enlightened thought of the Philippine Islands fully appreciates the Importance of these prin ciples ana rules, and they will Inevitably within a short time command universal assent. Upon every division and branch of the government! of the Philippines, therefore, must be imposed three inviol able rules that no person shall be de prived of life, liberty or property without due- process of law; that private property shall not be taken for public use without Just compensation; that In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy tho right to a speedy and public trial, to bo Informed of the nature and cause ot the accusation, to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have compul- sory process for obtaining witnesses la his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense; that excessive bail shall not be required not; excessive fines Imposed, nor cruel and unusual pun ishment inflicted; that no person shall be put twice In jeopardy for the same of fense, or be compelled In any criminal case to be a witness against himself; that the right to security against unrea sonable searches and seizures shall lot be violated; that neither slavery nor in voluntary servitude shall exist, exctpt as a punishment for crime; that no 1111 of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed; that no law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech or of tho press, or of the rights ot the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for a redresj of grievances: that no law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, and that the free exercise4 and. enjoyment of religious profession and worship without discrimi nation or preference shall forever be al lowed. "It will be the duty of the commission to make a thorough investigation Into the titles to the large tracts of land held or claimed by in dividuals or by religious orders; into the justice of the claims and complaints made against such landholders by the peo ple of the Island or any part of the peo ple, and to seek by wise and peaceable, measure a just settlement of the contro- -q ... JE! s AND GENERAL SEND FOR "BABIES" A BOOK FOR MOTHERS. M CONDENSED MILK Borden's Condensed MilK Co., New York. d YEARS OF SUCCESS In the treatment of chronic diseases, such as liver, kidney and stomach disorders, constipation, diarrhoea, dropsical swellings, Brlght's disease, etc. KIDNEY AND URINARY Complaints, painful, difficult, too frequent, milky ot bloody urine, unnatural discharges, speedily cured. DISEASES OF THE RECTUM - Such as piles, fistula, fissure, ulceration, mucous and. bloody discbarges, cured without the knife, pain or. confinement. DISEASES OF MEN Blood poison, gleet, stricture, unnatural losses. Im potency. thoroughly cured. No failures. Cures guar- emissions, dreams, exhausting drains, bash-