"6
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER SO, 1900.
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TODAY'S WEATHKR. Rain; cooler; fresh
nerly winds, probably increasing to brisk.
RTTiAND, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 30.
It "was erroneously asserted in The
regonlan the othc day that the Presi
entlal Electors chosen November G will
ssemble at Salem on the first "Wednes
day of December. The -prescribed time
the second Monday In January. An
let of the Legislature of 1864 provided
jr the casting: of the vote at 12 o'clock
oon of the first Wednesday of Decem
er; but this act was rendered lnopera-
.ve by the act of Confess dated
ebruary 3, 18S7. which designates the
jcond Monday in January, leaving: the
llace to be determined by the states. It
Ippears that no state law has been
assed in accordance with the Federal
Uute, and our Electoral College pro-
lure is therefore in similar case with
ir constitutional restrictions upon the
gTO nominally in force, but abro-
ited by Federal enactments that take
:edence. The facts in this matter
Ire set forth in the pamphlet contain-
lg our election laws, printed by Sec
tary Klncaid In 1897. The little book
self, so painstakingly complied, in-
ictlvely edited, and helpfully ln-
lexed, is a forcible reminder of the ex-
ellent service Mr. Klncaid rendered
ie state in this and other historical
lestions. The special publications of
lis administration, all authorized in
ie statutes, by the way, are lndis-
isable adjuncts of the annals of Ore-
3n. They should be included in every
arary in the state.
We take pleasure in commending to
Bi Btudents of religious and theologi-
xl questions a series of sermons now
sing delivered by Dr. N. D. Hlllls. of
llymouth Church, Brooklyn, on the
pplc, "What Is Left of Christianity.
fow That the Critical Enoch Has
hissed; a Study of the Return -of the
fide of Faith." Dr. Hlllls has mas-
sred the hypothesis of evolution and
ie historical criticism of the Bible. He
nlllng the pulpit of sxand old
hymouth Church In a manner fully up
the high traditions of Its heroin
last. Perhaps no man in America Is
letter equipped with Information and
ie oratorical gift to interpret true re-
Igion In the light of scientific and his-
prical study. His sermons are always
istrucuve ana uplifting, devoid of
ora of Ignorance and the cant or
anctimonlousness. It is through such
xen, in all denominations, that the
ie line or. apostolic succession de-
:ends, to keep for the modern world
le old message of faith and conduct.
lothed in the new Raiments of somn
ific discovery and philosophic Inaulrv.
his present series of sermons is pub-
snea every Monday in the Brooklyn
agie, ana doubtless upon their conclu-
30a will be printed in book form.
That railway traveler is probably
ire wno nas not, in his Pullman seat,
bought wistfully of home and longed
r the expected day when lonir-dls-
tnce telephone connection will be
aade with movlnir trains. Th flrsf
Itep in such an arrangement, of
DUrse, will be connections at stopplng
l&ces. At least one experiment now
iccessful gives promise of extension
that direction. The New York Sun
ports that trolley cars of a suhurhnn
lectrlc railway near St. Louis have a
apiete telephone outfit, whereby their
ews are able to converse -with th
Iftadquarters office on occasion. Each
carries a telephone set and a iolnt.
fishing rod, the sections of which are
so. On the tip of the rod is a stout
i hook and atithe butt of th mit i
piece of flexible conductlne cord.
lading in a plug which may be inserted
& socket on one of the vestibules nf
hie car. Alongside the tracks Is a telo-
Ihone wire. When a car desires to
ommunicate with the office, it is
sppeo, the hook on the fishinir rod Is
Might over the wire, the plug is in-
tea in its socket and the ear Is In
tmnectlon at once. The road is elcht
lilea long, and is to be extended. Its
aoers say that the telephone system
very satisfactory in oneration. A
modification of this arrangement mav
ama time be applied to railway trains.
id orders will then be taken by the
allxnan conductor en route for use of
ae long-distance 'phone at the an-
iroachlng stopping-place. From this
b connection witH the moving train is
lot nearly so miraculous a conception
the original introduction of the tele-
aoce itself.
Of the Oregon counties. Baker makes
ae best showing in the census report.
gain in the past ten years having
l more than 12 per cent. Generally.
stern Oregon counties have made a
reater gain than those west of the
cades. In the First Congressional
(strict the increase has been from.
155.462 in 1890 to 192.S69 this year a.
gain of 37,307, or nearly 24 per cent. In
the Second District the enumeration In
1890 was 158,205, but this year it is 220,
703, a gain of 62,498, or a little less than
40 per cent Klamath and Lake are the
only counties of the First District not
in Western Oregon, and Multnomah,
Columbia and Clatsop are the only Sec
ond District counties not in Eastern
Oregon. The counties of the Willam
ette "Valley have Increased nearly 20
per cent in population, while the agri
cultural counties of Eastern Oregon
have Increased more than 30 per cent.
Baker is classed as a mining county.
Clackamas and Lane Counties keep
abreast of each other, having stood at
9260 and 9411, respectively, in 1880, 15,233
and 15,198 in 1890, and 19,653 and 19,604
this year. Linn's progress has been
slower. Umatilla's gain in the past ten
years has been materially faster. There
is ground for expecting a much more
rapid growth in the timber counties in
the coming decade.
A VAST RELIEF FUJfD.
Lord Curzon, "Viceroy of India, has
reviewed thoroughly the course of the
recent famine that fastened its blight
for many months upon that land and
Its people. While In a general way the
world has had knowledge of the devas
tating effects of this famine, It has in
reality not been able to grasp its terri
ble significance. Lord Curzon's figures,
Indeed, deal with a calamity of such
tremendous proportions that it seems
almost impossible to grasp their full
Import. He shows that fully one-quarter
of the vast population of the Indian
continent came, In a greater or less
degree, within the range of the relief
operations set on foot and conducted by
the government A rough estimate
places the value of the annual agri
cultural production of India and Bur
mah at 3,000,000,000 rupees, a little less
than $1,500,000,000. On a very cautious
estimate the production of the past
year he places at one-fourth possibly
one-third below this average, indicat
ing a loss of at least $250,000,000. To
this must be added the value of mil
lions of cattle lost, before anything
like a definite Idea of the actual loss
suffered can be formed. Lord Curzon
further points out the mortality caused
by cholera, dysentery and fever the
sure camp followers of famine and
which ran riot in the enfeebled, ex
hausted conditions that resulted from
It.
Ignorance, as the mouthpiece pf hu
manity, has asked repeatedly why the
British Government did not Institute
measures for the relief of the people,
the assumption being that it was blind
and deaf to their distress. Lord Curzon
affirms that there is no parallel in the
history of any country the world over
of the generosity of the British Govern
ment In this Instance. For many weeks
a total of 6,000,000 persons were depend
ent upon the bounty of the government,
and the direct expenditures for their
relief amounted to over $40,000,000. In
addition to this, large sums wero ad
vanced to landholders and cultivators
besides the loans made to native states.
In all of this the government Bet its
face firmly against indiscriminate, pau
perizing charity, that misdirected phase
of philanthropy which makes the last
estate of Its recipients worse than the
first, and Insisted on relief being ad
ministered with the care that Is due the
taxpayer, while holding its fund open
at. all times to proper requisition for
the saving of life or the mitigation of
genuine distress.
Quoting from the records of previous
famines, and especially that of Bengal
In 1870, where, as nearly as could be
estimated, one-third of the 30,000,000
Inhabitants perished, the "Viceroy sub
mits that In this latest famine the gov
ernment did Its duty nobly. Certainly
by this official showing it dispensed the
official revenues of pity with a liberal
and careful hand.
CORDIN'S CURIOUS SUGGESTION.
Congress Is not at all likely to ap
prove Adjutant-General Corbln's rec
ommendation for the repeal or modifi
cation of the Army regulations permit
ting the promotion from the ranks of
meritorious non-commissioned officers,
and of any enlisted men physically and
morally qualified, under 30 years of
age, who shall successfully compete at
certain prescribed examinations for
commissions. General Corbin pleads
that these provisions unjustly curtail
the privileges of the West Point grad
uate, especially since the enlisted man
may pass the examinations and receive
a commission after two years' service,
while the West Pointer has to study
four years for his commission.
The number of non-commissioned offi
cers and enlisted men who succeed in
obtaining commissions by passing the
prescribed examinations after two
years' service is comparatively small,
as is shown by the Army Register of
recent years. The examinations should
be a severe test of the military knowl
edge and capacity of the candidate.
The reputation of the candidate as a
man equal to the requirements of an
officer and a gentleman should be such
as to endure thorough examination. If
these qualifications are insisted upon
and are successfully met by the en
listed man, there is no just reason for
the enactment of General Corbln's pro
posed reform.
There is such a thing as natural apti
tude for military life. General Miles
and General Brooke, when volunteer
lieutenants In the Union Army, were
conspicuous above their fellows, not
simply for courage, but for mllltar
aptitude. Colonel Liscum, who was
killed at the head of his regiment be
fore Tien Tsln, served more than a
year as an enlisted man; General Chaf
fee served two years In the ranks, and
Captain H. J. Reilly, of the Fifth
United: States Artillery, who was killed
at Pekln, served two years in the ranks,
and Lieutenant-Colonel Coolldge, who
took Colonel Llscum's place when he
fell, served two years In the ranks.
Napoleon said that the reason why
his army was the best army In Europe
was because every gallant young sol
dier believed there was a Marshal's
baton in his knapsack. An American
army must be a democratic army to
command the affection and confidence
of the people. To shut the door of pro
motion upon enlisted men of natural
military aptitude would be a fatal mis-
take
The marine columns this morning
contain some interesting figures show
ing the advantages of Portland's fresh
water harbor for the deep-water fleet
that comes to this port for grain car
goes. The average passages of the en
tire grain fleet from Portland for the
cereal year 1899-1900 were over two
weeks 'faster than the passages of the
grain fleet from Puget Sound. San
Francisco, nearly 600 mlle3 nearer the
European ports, was also unable to
make as good a showing as Portland,
the average of passages of her grain
ships for the year being fractionally
slower than those of the Portland fleet.
Time is a big element in the profits of
a ship in these days of "high freights,
and, while Portland has always made
a better showing than Puget Sound,
the difference is so great for last sea
son that It Is certain to attract the at
tention of shipowners all over the
world.
.THE PASSING OPPORTUNITY.
Now and then the announcement of
the death of an aged man or woman
recalls forcibly the pioneer era, so fast
receding Into the mists of the past
Such is the case in the announcement
of the death at Salem a few days ago of
Norman O. Paxrish, son of the late
Rev. J. L. Parrlsh and the last but one
of the passengers who reached the Ore
gon country via Cape Horn on the ship
Lausanne, in 1840.
But yesterday we were in frequent
and familiar touch with the events of
that year through the medlumshlp of
gray-haired men and women who sat
at our firesides and recounted the In
cidents of the time. Today we are for
the most part connected with It by
shadowy memory and by the slabs that
rise, white or gray, in country grave
yards, bearing the legend a legend
only below a familiar name, "A pio
neer of 1840."
Each death among the ranks of the
pioneers of these far-away years recalls
the fact that much of the most charm
ing history of those times still remains
in the form of folk-lore in the mlntls
of those who laid the foundations of a
state in the isolated, beautiful wllder
nessness, "where flows the Oregon." It
is true that intelligent, systematic ef
fort has been made in the past few
years to gather up these strands of
incident or adventure and weave them
into an enduring fabric of history. We
are yet perhaps too close to the time
wherein these events transpired to have
them recorded as history and left there
upon a settled basis. Interpolations
will still be made, and erasions will
be found necessary. Memory doe3 not
serve all alike, nor are events viewed
by all from the sume standpoint. Facts
must be sifted and personal bias elim
inated "from them, and then we "shall
have history. In the meantime, mate
rial Is teing gathered and must con
tinue to be gathered, carefully, pains
takingly and patiently, and filed away
for the historian, a generation hence,
perhaps, to sift and compare and decide
upon. A door of opportunity closes for
gathering of this material every time
an intelligent, observant pioneer man
or woman passes beneath "the low
green tent, whose curtain never out
ward swings" unless Indeed he or she
has left a record of the events of the
days wherein the "yet young state was
younger yet," as viewed from his or
her standpoint, and which may be
woven Into charming folk-lore tales
after the solid facts of general signifi
cance or interest in the collection are
set In history.
VICE IN MANILA.
The Rev. Oliver C. Mllier, a Chap
lain attached to the Fourth regular
cavalry, and who served under Gener
als Lawton, Young and Bates, has re
turned to the United States and ex
pressed his indignation to the War
Department at the reports spread
abroad as to the addiction of our sol
diers to vicious habits. Chaplain Mil
ler says that during General Lawton's
campaign intoxicating liquors were
poured out wherever found; that the
only persons accused of rape were two
boys of 14, camp followers, who
were tried by military court and
sentenced to five years' confinement in
prison, and he denies the statement
that 800 abandoned women had come
to Manila during the first year of
American occupancy, but, on the other
hand, says:
After making, in company with tho secretary
of the Young Men's Christian Association, an
exploration by night of the City of Manila,
to find out If the drunkenness and impurity
that existed were due to the presence of sol
diers, the facts compelled us to state that we
did not Bee more than a half-dozen drunken
soldiers. In a secluded part of the city, we
found about forty-five houses of prostitution,
with from three to four female Inmates in
each, patronized by our soldiers, but we failed
to see, as stated by Mr. William E. Johnson In
the Bally Voice, of Chicago, the American flag;
dishonored in the decoration of these resorts.
To my personal knowledge these houses have
not been licensed by the Government, nor are
they in many cases connected 'with saloons.
Chaplain Miller says that a drunken
soldier Is a very rare sight on the
streets of Manila; that there Is no city
in the United States where there Is so
little crime or where crime is followed
so quickly by punishment; that there
Is no city In the United States where
for the Bame number of soldiers as
sembled In a given place there Is so
little drunkenness and Immorality as
In the cities of the Philippines. The
vino joints at many points were ban
lsned by the establishment of the post
exchange under strict military control,
and Chaplain Miller says that the num
ber of saloons as given in the Voice
is far above that which really exists.
There were many places where strong
drink was sold before American occu
pation, and great complaint was raised
against the American administration
because it refused to license as large
a number of saloons as had been li
censed by the Spaniards.
If Chairman Jones had made no
prophecies before, his recent statement
that Bryan will not run again would
rank higher stock in the market Jones
says sliver will solve itself. Then it
does not nerd Bryan to solve it, and
Jones is right for once. But this demise
of an imperishable principle is rather
sudden. Perhaps imperialism also will
find solution without the ballot-box
What in the world is ailing Demo
cratic paramounts, anyway? Jones
says he does not know what will be the
issues in 1904. Well! If he does not
know, something must be radically
wrong in Denmark, because hitherto he
always has ventured prophecies. Per
haps the late tournament kept him
guessing so athletically that he has
grown diffident
General Charles P. Eagan is a, per
son of remarkable gall to appeal to the
President for pardon and restoration to
duty. The vile language and obscene
abuse that Eagan used concerning
General Miles ought to have been pun
ished by dismissal from the service, for
an Army officer of age and experience
who could deliberately put in writing
such ribaldry concerning the General
of the Army, and present It to a mili
tary court, was certainly too stupid for
an officer and too vulgar for the com
pany of gentlemen. General Eagaxi,
who ought to have lost his. commission,
escaped with suspension, and lus sen
tence was further mitigated by the
President The President is willing, it
is said, to remit the sentence If Eagan
will consent to retirement, but of course
Eagan will not consent to be retired
and lose the full pay of his grade. To
grant Eagan pardon and restoration to
duty would be not only unjust, but ut
terly absurd. It Is a subject for public
regret that Eagan's sentence of sus
pension was not accompanied with loss
of pay. An officer whose conduct Yds
justified his suspension from duty for
six years certainly does not deser- the
full pay of his rank. Eagan's suspen
sion was really no punishment i all,
and yet he wants a pardon and res
toration to duty.
It is the testimony of more than one
American witness of the horrors of the
fighting before Tien Tsln that the
Americans were the only soldiers who
did not behave like savages. A letter
printed in the New York Sun says that
from July 14. the day of the fall of
Tien Tsln, the wrangling among the
allies began, and it was awful. The re
sult was anarchy, and looting was the
order of the day. The American sol
diers were the only ones who were de
cent They had a hand liv the looting,
but they stopped at that The French
and the Russian soldiers did nothing
but kill Chinese women and girls, or
what amounted to the same thing. They
outraged them, and there is nothing
left for an outraged Chinese woman
but suicide. It Is evidently an awfui
harvest the Chinese are reaping for
their murders of missionaries.
After all, one remedy for the Ills of
the growling policemen Is very effect
ive. The privilege Is all theirs to quit
and do something else if sufferance
has ceased to be a virtue. If the effi
ciency of a man's services commands
so little value that he cannot get sev
eral options on work these times, he
has no right to complain that the
world owes him a living. JuBtlce to
the policemen and honor of the city re
quire that they shall be paid, but hardly
Indemnify their plaint If their wages
are Immoderately discounted, the whole
world is open for achievement, and if
their services are as valuable as their
own estimates, no trouble should arise
in getting employment
If our worthy lawmakers have ro
ideas about the public concerns that
will be debated at the next Legisla
ture, perhaps it would be well for them
to take a day off and to think up a
few. It is presumed they are able to
think, and they profess that fett or
they would not have been elected. Next
In order is that they give an exhibi
tion of their thinking powers. The Leg
islative session may be a picnic, a high
jinks and all that, but somehow or
other lawmakers are obtrusively ex
pected to have ideas. No time f.its
the present for Ideas. Our Legislators
ought to steal or manufacture a lew.
At least, they ought to have an outline
in mind by this time.
For the edification of a raller against
The Oregonlan, it may be in course to
remind him that llberty-lovlng French
men did. not make the United States,
although greedy Frenchmen were the
means of Its Independence. France
aided the colonies for her own selfish
designs. To check those designs Eng
land conceded independence. We owe
quite as much to England for our Na
tlonal independence as to Francs. Prob
ably we owe more, because our civili
zation is based upon Teutonic ideals
Instead of Latin. As Is well known,
liberty and justice never have been
parts of French politics.
It may be hoped that the prognosis
of the Czar's disease as given out by
his medical attendants is correct, and
that the Emperor of all the Russians is
now on the road to speedy recovery.
Hints of pectoral complications, how
ever, continue to leak out through the
strictly censored news reports from Ll
vadla, but It Is possible that they have
no more serious foundation than that
of public apprehension based upon the
fact that consumption has carried off
so many members of the imperial
house, and in qommon parlance is "in
the family."
Kruger says the bravery of a defunct
French General who died for the Boers
reminds him of the knights of the Mid
dle Ages. Kruger is living 500 years be
hind the world. If he were up to date
he would have up-to-date models, and
would rely more on Individual effort
than on dispensations of Providence.
Kruger's grandson is taking in gay
Paris along with the old gentleman.
It Is refreshing to be relieved of the Im
pression that the Chip of the old block
was fighting to the death.
Hanna has done only his duty to the
country and "my people." Forsooth,
his highness may be monarch yet
Our battle-ship Kentucky at Smyrna
Is not an argument for settlement of
a bill only testimony.
False alarm, that of Tammany rid
ding New York of vice, for where
would be Tammany?
If Kruger is' coming to the United
States, It Is th'e turn of Web DavlB to
be uncomfortable.
Lord Rosebery and the Derby
From "Lord Rosebery; His Life and Speeches."
I will give you my experience on the
turf, and you shall judge whether I -have
not some foundation for the advice that I
give. A great many years ago too many
years ao from one point of view and at
an early age, much too early an age from
every point of view, I conceived the am
bition to win the Derby. For a quarter
of a century I struggled. Sometimes 1
ran second; sometimes I ran third, very
often I ran last; but at last the time ar
rived when, as Lord Wenlock reminded
you, I was about to realize the fruition of
my hopes. I was wath tho second Ladas
about to win the Derby, and I ought to
have been the happiest of men. Well,
after a quarter of a century of fruitless
expectation, I won the Derby. But what
was the result, I at that time held high
office, as Lord- Wenlock has also reminded
you, undelr the Crown. I was immedi
ately attacked from quarters of an al
most inspired character for owning race
horse's at all. With very little knowledge
of the facts and with much less of that
charity that "thlnketh no evil," I was
attacked with the greatest violence for
owning a racehorse at all. I then made
the discovery which came to me too late
In life, that what was venial and innocent
in the other officers of the government
In a Secretary of State or a President of
the Council, for example was criminal in
the First Lord of the Treasury. I do not
even know if I ought'not! to have learned
another lesson,, that, although without
guilt and offense, I might perpetually run
seconds and thirds, or even run last It
became a matter" of torture to many con
sciences If I won.
CHANCE FOR A LEADER.
Will the South. Give One to Trium
phant Democracy
Kansas City Btar.
Henry Loomis Nelson, formerly editor
of Harper's Weekly, in an article In tho
New York Evening Post, quotes ex-Secretary
Carlisle as saying that the reorgani
zation of the Democratic party depends
almost entirely on the action of Southern
leaders. "Of the 155 electoral votes se
cured at the recent election of the candi
date nominated by the three allied politi
cal parties," aald Mr. Carlisle, "only 13
were chosen outside of Southern States,
and these 13 were chosen in only four
states iiy majorities aggregating less than
50,000. The Southern people have thus
separated themselves from the great body
of their friends in tho North and West,
and attached themselves to the mining
states of Colorado, Idaho, Montana and
Nevada. On all the Populistlc policies
promulgated at Chicago in 1S96, the true
Interests of the South are Identical with
the interests of the great Industrial and
commercial states whose votes have been
cast on the other side."
Mr. Carlisle added that it made little
difference whether the movement should
start in the North or South, so long as It
should receive the support of the South
ern leaders. He believed the party would
oppose "Imperialism." but had no advice
to offer on that subject. Undoubtedly Mr.
Carllslo Is correct in assuming that the
South In which he wrongly classes Mis
sourican bring back the Democratic
party to Its old principles. That section
of the country Is as vitally interested as
ever In overthrowing the system of pro
tection with Its Governmental aid to fa
vored, institutions. It Is affected by the
great accumulations of wealth In the
hands of a few men and Its Interests de
mand that combinations In restraint of
trade shall be regulated by law. The
principles on which Mr. Tllden and Mr.
Cleveland won their victories are living,
interests for the South today.
But Mr. Carlisle Is wrong in supposing
that Southern leaders would reorganize
the party on an anti-expansion basis.
The South has been a center of the ex.
panslon spirit The antl-expanslon plank
would not have gone in'the platform had
tho feeling of the South been dominant
at the convention last July.
The South has an opportunity now such
as It has not had for 40 years to products
a leader who will carry the country with
him. It remains to be seen whether the
man will come at the call of the hour.
CAN'T CLUB OUT VICE.
Dr. Cropsey Sayw All You Can Do Ie
to Convert It.-
The practical side of religion was taken
up at the New York State Conference of
Religion one day last week, and the Rev.
Dr. Algerton S. Cropsey, an Episcopal
minister of Rochester, made an address
pertaining to the present vice crusade
that caused much comment. He said: "I
have been walking through your city at
night and I have seen one phase of its
life. I have seen it In the Haymarket,
the Dore, Bohemia and Cairo. It is the
great primal principle of humanity, the
great passion, that Is there. I saw a
letter In the Sun the other day from a
policeman In which he declared this form
of vice had been In existence as long as
the Book of Deuteronomy. He was
wrong. It had been In existence before
the language of that book was born.
These great primal passions are the
source of all life. Now, what are we
going to make of It? You send policemen
to destroy It, but you can't destroy It.
The oiJy thing you can do Is to convert it
Without that primal soil you never would
have had a religion in the world, for it
has all been generated there. That which
we seek to destroy is God's creation,
never to be touched by hand of man.
Without that we never would be here.
We are born of it ourselves. It need3 the
seed of the higher life. That which mani
fests Itself In the form that you call vice
Is tho richest of the spiritual life. Out of
It come the great forces that control hu
man life. It cannot be suppressed; It can
be converted.
"The great trouble with the Protestant
religion Is that it isn't In the soil. If the
church cannot go down. Into the Boll and
lay hold of the particles there, then it
Itself is doomed. You have set the police
after all this with a club, but you can't
suppress It
"It Is possible for you to make your
city pure, but you don't dare because
you won't go down and sit with the Har
lot and the thief. These women tonight
on your streets you are going to sweep
them off with your rubbish and cart them
away, and so fall again as you have
failed before to reach the roots of righte
ousness In the world. If we are to have
a perfect organization It Is by having our
roots deep and then the leaves will get
tho air. Then wo will have a process.
With It you can produce organism to
burn. Take It away and all organism is
impossible."
AMERICAN ENGINES BEST.
British Builder Tells Why They Are
Preferred in England.
London Express.
An Express representative had an Inter
view with the chairman of one of the
best-known British locomotive manufac
turers with a view to gleaning how It was
so many British railway companies had
to send their orders for new engines to
America.
"American engines," said the authority
interrogated, "do not come up to the
home-made article so far as quality Is
concerned, but they are delivered with
far greater dispatch. That is the secret
of the matter. American locomotives
burn more fuel, their valve motions are
more hurriedly put together. But they
are far cheaper even when cost of trans
port Is taken into account"
"How do the prices "compare, then?"
"Passenger express engines made In
this country .cost from 2300 to 3500,
though more powerful machines, made tfy
special builders, may cost another thou
sand or no. Now American contractors
not only turn out their engines In less
time, but at a price less ny 600."
The types of standard engines In Eng
land and America are, It was explained,
approaching more and more to a common
affinity, the most noteworthy distinction
now being in the framework of the boiler.
It Is, therefore, not a difficult matter for
American engineers to match British
Standard patterns, especially when, as
was the case with one of the biggest homo
lines, the standard was waived because
the emergency was great.
' "I can say with experience," was the
concluding remark of the expert "that
at present recourse to America Is Inevit
able. Orders rush in upon us both from
home and abroad; the war has robbed us
of many of our best hands; and coal is
vry dear. We are unable to meet the
demand. America can, and does."
'
The South, to Be Let Alone.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
The reported determination of the Ad
ministration and the dominant party in
Congress not to interfere with the pro
portion representation In those Southern
States which have legislated for the prac
tical restriction or elimination of the
negro vote has been confirmed by state
ments of the leaders of the party In Con
gress. That will be unpleasant news for
those Southern politicians whose entire
capital for political operations is the ne
gro vote. Without that Vote at their
backs they cannot expect to receive much
consideration at the hands of the Na
tional Administration.
Consolidation Prevents Waste.
Cassler's Magazine.
Centralized manufacture permits the
highest development of special machinery
and processes. The factory Tunning full
time on large volume, reduces the per
centage of overhead charges. Direst
sales on a large scale minimize the cost
of distribution. Centralisations of manu
facture and distribution reduce aggre
gate stocks, and therefore save shop
wear, storage, insurance and interest
Consolidated management results in fix
ing the standards of quality, the best
standards being adopted; in avoiding
waste and financial embarrassment
through overproduction; in less loss by
bad debts through comparison of credit,
and In securing the advantages of com
parative accounting and comparative administration.
"HOW YOU HAVE GROWSP
Great Britain Amased at tke Census
of Her Lost American Colony.
London Dally Telegraph.
Statistics are frequently merely dull and
repellent hoBts of figures; occasionally
they strike home upon the Imagination,
and leave a vivid impression unon the
mind. No thoughtful person can fall to
realize something at least of all that is
signified by the census returns of the
United States. That mighty nation has
been numbered and it is found that her
population now stands at 76,250.000. In the
short space of 10 years there has been
an Increase of nearly 13,125,000, which is
equivalent to almost 21 per cent for the
decade, or rather more than 2 per cent
per annum. When we remember that 200
years ago the population of the States
was under 300,000 or rather more than
the present population of Bradford and
that 100 years ago It was but little ever
5,000,000, it will be seen with what amaz
ing rapidity the young giant among the
nations has built up his strength.
The Important fact is that there are
13,000,000 more people owing allegiance to
the American Constitution than there
were 10 years ago. And the growth of
population is the infallible test of na
tional prosperity and advancement No
nation has ever yet risen to greatness with
a dwindling population, and probably none
ever will. Declining numbers have been
the invariable concomitant of national
stagnation and decadence. The growth
of the power of Great Britain, Germany
and Russia bears witness to the truth of
this sweeping generalization, and there
is nothing which gives French publicists
more serious grounds for alsquletude as
to the future of their country than the
evidence of stagnation shown in their
census returns. Americans, therefore, may
bo well content with the progress they
have made in tho last decade. These n&
ures afford ''them ample reason for pride
and jubilation. The only great power of
the present day which can vie with them
in numbers is Russia, and In wealth, In
energy. In adaptability, In education and
In that cunning Industrial skill which Is
the foundation of material prosperity,
they far outstrip the subjects of the
Czar.
What the future has in store for the
United States only tho future can dis
close, but that it is something great,
something vast and magnificent far be
yond anything hitherto witnessed in his
tory, no one can doubt, and there are
few Englishmen who do not welcome the
prospect with hearty gratification, owing
to the community of rare Ideas and lan
guage which llpks both the heart and
brain of the United States with the heart
and brain of the British Empire. As In
England, tha urban and manufacturing
centers grow much more rapidly than the
rural. No one will be surprised to find
that the Indians are steadily dying out
of the land. There are now but 134,000 de
scendants of the red man, who once
roamed In undisturbed possession of the
soil.
There is no room for the nomad In the
modern scheme of life. He has refused
to adapt himself to altered conditions,
and though the result may be deplored,
the law Is Inexorable. Probably, however:
the question which will most interest
the American Is the relative numbers of
the white and colored population. The
theory used to be very widely held that
the colored races in America increased
faster than the white. Statistics, how
ever, prove- that the Inference was not
warranted by the actual figures. In 1SS0
there were 5,500,000 free colored people In
tha States; in 1890 there were nearly
7,500,000. The proportion in the former
year was about 2 to 13; In the latter it
was S to 15. What it Is at the present
time the published returns do not dis
close, but hitherto, except between 1310
and 1860, the white American has In
creased .rather more rapidly than the
colored. The racial problem In the States
Is one of such far-reaching importance
that all will hope the advantage will
continue to rest with the whites.
Queer Customs of Turkish. Women.
London Telegraph.
It Is not generally known that there
exists among Turkish ladles of high class
a kind of caste feeling similar to that
prevailing among Hindoos. It takes the
form of a fear of contamination from
the outer world, and is only observed by
those who cannot afford to keep servants
In sufficient numbers. Before meals la
dles always wash their hands at a tap
from which the water runs Into a marble
basin. They will turn on the tap when
they are just going to wash, but when
they have finished they let the water run
till somebody shuts it off, as to do It
themselves would make them unclean.
They cannot open or shut -a door, as the
handle would be unclean, so a slave Is
generally kept handy for the purpose.
A Foollsb. and Unjust Prophecy.
Philadelphia Times.
If the people of the United Stales meant
to express approval, In the recent elctlon.
of the enormous expansion of all Federal
expenses under the present party rule,
they should expect to pay accordingly.
Experienced legislators know, however,
that Booner or later people get tired of
paying when they see no results, and if
they are to be kept persuaded that the
country Is no longer at war It will be
only prudent policy to put up at least a
pretense of reducing the war taxes. It
probably will not be much more than a
pretense.
i
More Thnn Money Is Needed.
Columbus (O.) Press.
Half-million dormitories and million
dollar professional endowments do not
make a great university. If they did,
then a Rockefeller or a Carnegie woula
be more desirable as a teacher than a
Socrates or Plato. Brains, scholarship
and good moral Influences are more es
sential to higher education than money.
The Children.
Richard Realf.
Do you love me, little children?
Oh. sweet blossoms that are curled
(Life's tender morning glories)
Round the casement of the -world t
Do your hearts climb up toward me.
As my own heart bends to you.
In tha beauty of your dawnlns;
And In the brightness of your dew?
When the fragrance of your faces
And the rhythm of your feet.
And the Incense of your voices
Transform the sullen street
Do you see. my soul move softly
Forever where you move,
"With an eye of benediction
And a guardian hand of love?
Oh, my darling! I am with you
In your trouble, in your play.
In your sobbing and your singing.
In your dark and in your day,
In the chambers where you nestle.
In the hovels where you lie,
In the sunlight where you bfossom,
And tho blackness where you die.
Not a blessing broods above you,
But It lifts me from the ground;
Not & thistle barb doth sting yon.
But I sutler from the wound;
And a chord within me trembles
To your lightest touch or tone.
And I famish when you hunger.
And X shiver when you moan.
I have trodden all the spaces
Of my solemn years alone,
And have never felt the cooing
Of a bnbe's breath near mr own.
But with more than father passion
And with mora than mother pain,
I have loved you. little children; .
Do you love mo back again?
K0EB AND COMMENT. - ;
The Governor of Guam probably thinks
that Unole Sam Is after him again.
Grover Cleveland can now angle with
out fear that the questions or reporters
will scare the fish.
But yesterday we gathered 'round
The board with mirth and laughter;
Today we feel tho bitter pangs '
That come with the day after.
Ah English paper speaks of Croker as
the great American. The succeeding-
word, "grafter.' was probably omlttediby
accident
A daring bank robbery Is reported .In an.
Illinois town. These robbers are getting
almost as much of a menace to banks as
confidential employes.
Kruger seems to be entering so enthus
iastically into Parisian life that we need
not be surprised if he presently has his
picture taken smoking a cigarette.
Perhaps tho Czar got well because &
natural death would have been such an
Insulting reflection on the ability and vigi
lance of the nihilists.
Rev. Dr. Sheldon says he would not
take part In a modern game of football.
He has learned something about the good
things to leave alone since he essayed to
go Into the newspaper business.
A party of distinguished Japanese are
in this country studying the best methods
of municipal government Another party,
holding office in Toklo, is becoming pro
ficient In the worst methods. The revers
of this might have been expected.
Fine fat mallards and other ducks shot
on the various lakes along tho Columbia
added variety to many a Thanksgiving
dinner In this city yesterday, but prob
ably few of the sportsmen thought of re
ciprocating by providing the ducks with,
anything In the way of a luxurious dinner
for their Thanksgiving. Captain W. J.
Riley, however, who Is a sentimental man.
and shoots at the Dead Willows, on the
lower end of Sauvle's Island, had the
duoks In mind, and sent down to his pre
serves a sack of No. 1 wheat and a sack:
of yellow corn. In order that his ducks
might have a feast All the sportsmen
send wheat to their preserves by the ton,
but it Is not first-class wheat, and he
thought it would be a treat to the ducks
to have something choice In the cereal
line for Thanksgiving. Probably the ducks
will line up for him to shoot them next
Sunday when he goes down to Dead Wil
lows. A prominent Philadelphia, vegetarian
declares that he will try to Induce some
football team next year to give a week's
trial to vegetable diet "I am sure it will
please them," he says. "There's no doubt
about It, that for endurance, for hard
work, vegetarianism Is the only thing.
Do ybu know why? It Is because In vege
tables you eat no tiredness. In meat or'
fish or poultry you eat a great deal of
tiredness, and that is why the meat-eater
after a hearty meal feels lazy and heavy
and disinclined to work. He has absorbed
with his meat a great quantity of uric
acid, and the definition of uric acid has
been given by an eminent scientist as the'
'essence of tiredness.'. He who eats only
vegetables Is never tired after a meal
never. How much work he can get .
through on a vegetable diet whether ha
could, say, play football on It I don't
know, because the experiment has not
been tried."
If all tho turkeys that wero ,atenjpln s
the United States yesterday formed In a
single-file procession and started to march
out of the country, as they probably
would have done if they had known that
they were to be butchered to make a
National holiday, the procession would
have been nearly 3000 miles long, and -would
have taken so long to pass a given
point that few people would have had
the patience to wait for It There are
some 75,000,000 people In the country, and
allotting five to a family, 15,000,000 fami
lies. If one family In three sat around
a turkey, 5,000,000 turkeys must have paid
the death penalty for living; and as
each turkey on the march occupies about
three feet, with his fore and aft over
hang, the grand parade would require 15,
000,000 feet from right to left Divide
15,000,000 feet by 52S0, the number of feet
In a mile, and you have 2S40 miles, and
something over. People who desire to
learn how far across the continent these
turkeys would reach can either figure It
out with the aid of a map, or wait un
tlll such a procession Is formed, and see
for themselves.
Scores of people, mostly .women, dally
visit the ballast dock below town, where
three or four ships are discharging bal
last brought from Santa Rosalia. In which
there are many shell, some of them very
pretty. The women gather as closely
around the ballast heaps as If they were
bargain counters, and scramble for the
shells as if they were made of gold. ,Qne
of the women was quite seriously hurt by
being struck by one of the tubs In which
the ballafet Is hoisted out of the ship, and
another had a narrow escape from being
run over by one of the wagons hauling
away the sand. It finally became neces
sary to send for a policeman to keep the
crowd In order and to prevent them from
getting In the way of danger. The men
on the dock advise that the women stay
away till the ships have finished dis
charging ballast, as there will be plenty
of shells to be got then. This sugges
tion is not likely, however, to meet with
favor, and the women are likely to sug
gest that the men and wagons get out of
their way and let them scramble for the
shells as they please. For the benefit
of those who do not know where Santa
Rosalia is, it may be said that it is a
town on the coast of Lower California,
where ships go with cargoes of coke, coal,
etc., to be used In the mines and smelters
in that region, and that they take In bal
last there to come to Portland for wheat
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Oulde (referring to Egyptian pyramids) It
toek hundreds of years to build them. O'Brien
(the wealthy contractor) Thin, it wor a gov
er'mlnt Job eh? Tlt-BlU.
A Tragedy. She If you had no ldea when
we could get married, why did you propose to
me? "To tell the truth, darling, I had' no'
Idea you would accept me." Llf6.
No Help. "Where are you going, my pretty
maid?" "Out on my auto, sir," she said.
"May I go with you. my pretty maid!" "I
have gas enough and to spare," she said. ,
Puck.
Trusting Souls. "I hope It's a nice, clean
play." "Oh! I'm sure It is! I heard my
.brother say yesterday they use a tank in it
that holds more than a hundred barrels of
water." Chicago Tribune.
That Takes Time. Wife Breakfast won't be
ready for twenty minutes yet John. Husband
Why, I thought tho cook had everythinr
ready. Wife So she has; everything except
that new "Instantaneous breakfast food."
Philadelphia Press.
Baolng Up to .Date. Trainer Now this horse
Is as fit as chemicals can maka him. YoO'to
gat a galvanic saddle, an electrip whip, bypc
dermfc (purs, and If you can only shla a bl2
farther up .Jus. neck, you ought just to lick
anything with hair on it! Punch.