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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 27, 1900)
TUESDAY, N(F (Kite regoroott Catered at the rotof3ce.at Portland. Oregon, as becoad -class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms. ...103 1 Business OCce....CC7 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. Br Mail (postage prepaid), in Advance Dally, with Sunday, per month 0 3 Pally. Sunday excepted, per year 1 DO Dally, with Sunday, per year 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 Tho Weekly, per year 1 5 The Weekly. 3 months W To City Subscribers Daily, vt: wet-k, dHverrd. Sundays excepted.l3o Pally, per week, delivered. Sundays lnduded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to 10-page paper ........... ..lc 10 to 32-page paper 2c Foreign rales double . Kewa or dtscuetlon Intended for publication la The Oregaxtfan should be addressed Invaria bly Edltor The Oreronlan," not to the name of any individual. Letters relating to advertis lnc subscription or to any business matter should bo addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Tbo Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any mansscripts cnt to it without solici tation. No stamps should be inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson." effioo at 1111 raoiflc avenue, Tocoina. Box 055, Tacoma PostoSlce. Eastern Business PfiV- The Tribune build. tng. New Tork City; "The Rookery," Chicago; the S. C Beckwlth special ageucy. New York. For sal In Son Francisco by J. K. Cooper, 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros.. 2?fl Sutter street: F. W. Pitts, 1003 Market street; Fester & Orear, Ferry News stand. For sale In Los Anel-a by B. F. Gardner. S59 Eo. Sprint: street, and Oliver & Haines, 108 Bo. Spring street. dor sale In Omaha by II. C Shears, 105 JC Sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros., 1012 Saram street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Cc, 77 W. Second South street. For sale in New Orleans by Ernest & Co.. 115 Royal street. On file in Washington, D. C. with A. W. 3unn, 609 14th N. W. . For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Ktndriek, 90G-912 Seventh street. TODATS WEATHER. Fair; Usht variable Iwlnds. ' PORTLAND, TUESDAY, NOV. 27. Tho tyranny and despotism of Amer ican rule, which require its limitation to the smallest possible area, are not sufficiently apprehended in Spain, it twould appear from the fact that of Cuba's immigration of 21,107 in the last flscal year, no fewer than .17,968 came gram Spain. The explanation of this movement Is that the Spaniards are better off in Cuba than at home. Taxes ere lower, there is no standing army to maintain, and American policies are found to be more honest and progres sive. Bobbing officials, instead of being protected and continued, as under the Bpanish regime, are arrested and prose cuted. Engineering and sanitary de vices are introduced, and reforms have, been inaugurated in every department of government. This, at least, is the im pression that has been formed in Spain of General Leonard Wood's administra tion. Though our Presidential election Is over, there is work yet to be done, It would seem, by the antis. They Bhoujd bestir themselves without delay to show these Spanish Immigrants to Cuba their error in not recognizing American oppression in its unspeaka ble helnousness. Almost any anti can tell them that we are a Nation of bloodthirsty conquerors, that our Army is a band of freebooters and cut-throats, and that the American flag is an em blem of slavery and Ignominy. 'Host of the differences between TJem ocrats in their discussion of plans for 1904 resolve themselves into a mere confusion of terms. That is, they un derstand different things by the word "reorganization." Some doubtless mean by It a humbling of the, present lead ers and an Installation of Gold Demo crats. The silver men who understand reorganization in this way repudiate it, and rightly. They have borne the bur den for eight years; they have done the best they could, and now they don't propose to take a back seat for those who defeated them and elected McKln ley. It Is doubtful if any considerable number of Gold Democrats mean any thing like, this when they talk of reor ganization. They want to come back to the party, nd they want the party to make the return as easy for them as possible. They don't mean by reorgan ization anything nearly so radical as the present leaders suppose. They will be willing to meet the present organ ization halt way, they won't ask for the chief sents at the table, they don't expect the party to stultify itself. It Is easy to see that many more Gold Dem ocrats will return to the fold In 1904 than returned in 1900. But they will be mostly old stagers -who have come home to die amid familiar scenes. The young men who voted for McKInley In 1896 and 1900 will be Republicans Btlll, Just as the young men whq voted for Bryan In 1S96 and 1900 will be Dem ocrats still. It may take a generation to retrace the disastrous step taken in 1896. We know what the war record of the Democracy has done for It since Buchanan. We can almost. guess what Its silver record will do for rit after Cleveland. It is highly proper that the move ment for opening the Columbia River should spring, as it does, from Lewis ton. High rates from the grain fields to the sea are. In fast, the farmer's funeral. Whatever rate Upper Colum bia and Snake River farmers get through -a canal at the dalles to Port land, they will also get to Puget Spund. Improvements of rivers and harbors are chiefly an agricultural problem, and what has stood In our way here more than any other one thing Is the apathy of the farming communities toward transportation problems. Our pilotage, towage and boarding-house charges have had to be reduced at Sa lem with practically no active co-operation from tho wheatgrowing districts whose Interests were being- signally served. What the Oregon farmer needs la a forty-foot channel at the mouth of the Columbia River, a thirty-foot chan nel from Portland to the sea; a com plete chain of navigation from the Lower to the Upper Columbia, a dry dock at Portland or Astoria, cheap coal, dockage, charters and port disburse ments generally at Portland. All Uie money saved In these ways will be added to the price of wheat at the farm. And the farmer will still have his choice of Portland or Tacoma at the Borne freight rates. There is? something decidedly discon certing In the declaration from Chicago that the Frye-Fxyne subsidy bill has not the approval of the President, In View of Mr. Hanna's uncompromising and unremitting alvocacy of the meas- ure, A few such phenomena, sufficient ly attested, -would .establish the new hypothesis that McKinley Is the chief luminary and Hanna the mere satellite. Instead of vice versa. It may he re called in this connection that while the President's state papers always speak favorably of aid to a merchant marine, he has consistently refused to Indorse the subsidy scheme in specific terms. One could wish that right here Presi dent McKInley -would write the first noteworthy page In the volume of good deeds looked forward to In this his sec ond, last, and, it is hoped, best term. He must know that the merchant" ma rine does not need subsidies of the Frye-Payne order, however desirable are liberal payments for steamship mall service, and he Is acute enough to see the futility of Mr. Hanna'B pro gramme to enact the subsidies and thus olalro credit for the shipbuilding re vival already under way. ifowever, we shall soon know. The message is doubtless -written, and we shall have it by this time next week. A QUESTION" OF CONSTRUCTION. It is certainly to be hoped that Rep resentative Tongue Is correct in bis view that the Hepburn bill in its amended form does not contravene the Hay-Pauncefote treaty. It is true that the original wording "fortify" was changed to "defend," yet the general Impression, both here and In England, appears to be that the bill Is in con flict with the Hay-TPauncefote treaty, and would be by Great Britain regard ed as in conflict with the Clayton-Bul-wer treaty. The Hay-Pauncefote treaty would not admit Great Britain and other European powers to joint polit ical control of the Nicaragua Canal, and operate It, but It forbids us to for tify it. Thl treaty would bind the United States to keep the canal open to our own enemies in any war in which we may be engaged, and rely for ItB closure upon our Navy. The Nicaragua Canal, If the Hay-Pauncefote treaty is ratified, would be operated under an American trusteeship, even as Is the Suez. Canal under a British protecto rate. The Suez Canal Is owned, so far as the majority of the stock is con cerned, by the British Government, but the Suez Canal is a neutral waterway over which Great Britain charges tolls, Just as the American Government would charge if it builds the Nicaragua Canal. Great Britain protects the Suez Canal with the approval of the great powers of Europe, Just as we would protect the Nicaragua Canal with the approval of Great Britain and the other powers of Europe. The Hay-Pauncefote treaty Is an ex pansion of the Clayton-Bulwer treaty of 1850, which only prevented us from making a trans-Isthmian canal other than a neutral waterway to Great Brit ain's commerce, Just as the powers of Europe make the Suez Canal a neutral waterway to the commerce of Europe, although England substantially owns It. The principle upon which the Clayton-Bulwer treaty and the Hay Pauncefote treaty are founded Is the same, viz., that the isthmian canal shall be a water highway of peaceful commerce, and not an exclusively American military and, naval highway In time of war. In 1850 It was agreed' that neither Great Britain nor the United States should acquire any ex clusive advantages In any canal that might be made across the Isthmus. The new treaty simply proposes that this principle shall be extended in Its appli cation so as to Include all the powers of Europe, as in the case of the Suez Ca nal. As a matter of self-interest, all the commercial powers of Europe will nat urally support this principle that no great commercial power should have the exclusive use of a passageway be tween the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in peace or war. The original provis ion of the Hepburn bill for the fortifi cation of the canal was absurd, for our leading naval officers have pointed out that our ships of war are the only ef fective defense of the canal in case It is .not made a neutral highway. There does not seem to be any sound reason "why our Government, which was will ing to make the Nicaragua Canal a neutral water highway to Great Brit ain in 1850, should not be willing to make it today a neutral water highway to the commerce of the world, even as England does with the Suez Canal. MALPRACTICE WEARING A MASK. A correspondent In yesterday's is sue of Tho Oregonian pleads In de fense of the lamentable consequences of medical malpractice under the name of "Christian Science" that "a patient has an undeniable right to be treated by any practitioner of whatsoever sys tem of healing that exists under the sun." This so-called "system of heal ing" Is not a system of healing at all. It Is a negation of all systems of heal lhfe that rest upon knowledge ef anat omy of the htiman body, and surgical skill. It treats the fundamental facts of anatomical and physiological' knowl edge, which are accepted by all sane and intelligent people, as of no conse quence. It substitutes for medical and surgical skill the incantations of a solemn quack with a head full of wheels and a mouth full of nonsense. A child sick with diphtheria, a man with a broken leg, a girl with the smallpox, a boy with the bubonic plague, a woman suffering from tuber culosis, pneumonia or Bright's disease, all receive the same treatment, or rather no treatment at all, beyond the gift of healing that resides in the humid hands of the quack or In the prayers and humbuggery that consti tute his materia medlca. To dignify such creatures as standing for .a legit imate school of healing is to discredit insanely the place and value of ana tomical knowledge, surgical skill and medical knowledge which they hold to day in the science of the world. The law 1& common sense. It does not say that a man must be an allo path or a homeopath, or an eclectic, to be pormltted to practice the healing prt But law Insists that the presumptive doctor or surgeon shall know the fun damentals. He shall know anatomy and operative surgery -well enough so that when he Is called to a broken, leg he can set It. or. If necessary, can am putate It, Instead of simply resorting to the barbaric Incantations of an In dian medicine man or an African txrltrtVi "doctor. Now, the law punishes an allo path or a homeopath for malpractice, If by reason of professlonal'lgnorance or negligence his patient suffers need less -deformity or incurs Inexcusable de bility. Both in New York City and in London men bave been arrested and punished for refusing to call a surgeon to the beds'de of a child with a broken leg, and have been punished despite their pW that they did not believe In any medical treatment save that ot the "Christian .healer." who had nothing to offer but prayer for the recovery of his patients. If allopaths .and homeopaths and all other legitimate schools of medicine are liable under law for malpractice be cause of ignorance of the fundamental facts of anatomy and physiology, why should they not fairly seek to hold these Christian Science healers to responsibility for the consequence? that follow their utter ignorance of and con tempt for the fundamental facts of hu man anatomy and physiology? Either repeal all laws which now punish the regular educated surgeons and doctors for malpractice, or else punish these charlatans who usurp the place of a doctor and then deny any responsibil ity for their sins of omission or commis sion consequent upon their profound Ignorance of the whole art of healing save the art of prayer. Our correspond ent, we suppose, If his child has the smallpox, would claim the right to treat him "with nothing but prayer and mas sage: This Is the anarchist's "go-as-you-please" substitute for government THE POWERS MUST CLIMB DOWX. The powers are coming at last to the conclusion that they have demanded unreasonable, intolerable and Imprac ticable terms of the Chinese Govern ment; that It -will be necessary to abate their demands greatly unless it is their stupid purpose to create a commercial solitude and a political desert and call It peace. Our Government from the outset has behaved with moderation born of com mon sense. It saw that the conditions agreed, upon in Pekin by the powers were not only unjust through their harshness, but Impossible of enforce ment. Were these terms ehforced to- .morrow, China would be set on fire with excitement resulting in a formida ble because universal insurrection. Our Government saw from the start that beyond reasonable reparation we could expect nothing from China. Revenge and retaliation upon the persons of the principals were not possible, for tho powers are not able to enforce their ar rest and cannot expect that China will arrest and put to death the leaders of an uprising that had behind it all the governing forces of tlie Pekin Govern ment. The attack upon the envoys was na tional, inspired or winked at by the Pekin Government. . From the Empress down to the leading Princes and Gen erals, all are equally guilty and deserving of punishment. We cannot expect the execution of the Empress for reasons of state, and for the same rea sons we cannot expect the execution of Prince Tuan and his associates, who by the orders and approval of the Empress organized and attempted to execute thlB national conspiracy for the expul sion of the foreigner. We cannot ex pect the Chinese Government to try and punish these proscribed leaders, any more than we could expect a con viction of Jeff Davis in "Virginia, had he been tried for treason in that state after his capture and imprisonment, in May, 1865. There was no public opin ion in Virginia mean enough to have convicted its late leader; there is no public opinion in China that would ap prove the arrest and execution of the guilty Empress, who was the cap-sheaf of the whole national conspiracy. There has not been a particle of com mon sense in the so-called diplomacy of the International commission at Pe kin, which has persisted in its effort to exact impossibilities. The powers must recede from their demands unless they mean to plunge China into a state of anarchy and chaos by dislocating the whole administrative machinery of the empire, whose supreme head Is the Empress, whose authority is recognized both by the pro-foreign Yangtse Vice roys and by the most radical antl-for-eign officials. Persistence in this policy will result In war or In the dismember ment of China. The only practical Interest which the powers can take in China is to hasten the recuperation of Chinese industry and its valuable commerce. So long as the present condition of affairs con tinues, there will be no restoration of trade and commerce with China; and in event of a great war there would be no Income from China, For war and the ultimate dismemberment of China the powers are not prepared today, and are not likely to be prepared. There Is not the slightest probability that Great Britain would send a large army to China In the Spring for the purpose of aiding Germany In its partition; there is small probability that the German Reichstag would by vote authorize any great Increase of military forces in China. There is small probability that Germany and Great Britain will per sist in a most pernicious policy, which forbids all hope of speedy pacification of China, which Is strongly disapproved by the United States and Russia, and will not be supported by France. VOTERS AND VOTES. The question, "How many voters vote?" is one that Is answered by the National election returns once in four years. Eltweed Pomeroy has gathered apd presented in detail some figures on the subject for the years 1888, 1892, 1896 and 1898, which show Interesting results and form a basis for intelligent surmise. In 1896 he finds that the percentage of voters as shown by the count to the number shown by the census was 71.7; in 1S98 It had dropped to 54.7, as show ing the difference between the Interest aroused in Presidential and state elec tions. The states throwing the lowest per cent of votes, both In 1896 and 189S, were South Carolina, Louisiana and Washington. In the former year South Carolina polled but 24.4 per cent; Louis iana, 23.7 per cent, and Washington, but 20 per cent of the votes that might have, and on the basis of responsible citizenship should have been thrown. In the latter year the per cent of voters going to the polls In these states had dropped to 10.6, 9.2 and 15.6 In order of the states named. These figures repre sent a condition of public apathy upon Vital, political issues that is almost in credible, yet they show it, and local conditions governed if they do not In telligently explain it. The average percentage for the whole United States, of males of voting age who voted In 1896 a year? when the whole country was- so deeply stirred ty the Presidential struggle was 7L7 per cent. Reckoned In groups, the per centage for the North Atlantic States was 70.8; for the South Atlantic, 7L4; for tho Northern Central, 79.7; for the Southern Central, 67.9; for the Western States, 47.8 per cent. The closer the contest the .larger the vote. In the Northern Central group, for example,, every state was hotly contested, while, thelow per cent in South Carolina rep resented a condition where results -were practically determined before the Vot ing began. High figures In West Vir ginia, Maryland and North Carolina, whero similar conditions wera domi nant, brought the percentage of voting voters of the South Atlantic group close up' to the average, notwithstanding the loty figures of South Carolina. The political inequalities that prevail in a Government whose corner-stone, bo to speak, is political equality, appear in" the fact that the nine Presidential electors of South Carolina in 1896 rep resented 68,907 voters, and Pennsyl vania's thirtyrtwo electors represented 1,194,355 voters. In the former state there were 7655 voters to each elector; In the latter, there were 37,323 to each elector. The figures presented for the five election years, Including three Pres idential elections covered, show a steady fall in percentage from National to local elections, and this In face of the fact that the citizen comes In con tact with his State government much more closely than with his National Government an example of curiously perverted political interests that it Is difficult to reconcile to the accepted idea thp.t self-lntereat governs the actions Of mankind, n Sheriff Freeman, of Lincoln County, Colorado, where the young negro, Por ter, was recently burned at the stake In expiation of a most abhorrent crime, is out, in a breezy letter to the Prosecut ing' Attorney of the district, In which he objects strongly to having the blame of the lynching "saddled," as he ex presses It, solely upon himself by Gov ernor Thomas and the public prose cutor. In defense of his neglect 'or re fusal t6 .apprehend and bring the lead ers , of the mob to Justice he declares that such an effort would be wholly fruitless, while imposing upon the county an enormous expense, as it would be impossible to secure a jury, either in Lincoln, or by change of venue In either of the- four adjoining counties, that would convict any One of any con ceivable charge that might be brought against him of complicity In the lynch ing. , The latter part of this -estimate Is no doubt true, but, so material a creat ure is the taxpayer, It is not at all certain that the "enormous expense" imposed by a trial of the leaders of this mob would not prevent the effort from being a fruitless one, even though con viction could not be secured. There are those who believe the best way to pre vent, lynchlngs Is to make the people cf the county in which one , takes place pay for it "enormously." This man Porter deserved death. There is no question in any humane or practical mnd about that. There is no provis ion for execution by law in Colorado, hence it Is plain that a law with the death penalty attachment should be enacted In that state at the earliest op portunity, to the end that there may not be the shadow of an excuse for a repetition of the scene lately witnessed at Limon. 'In the meantime, it will bo well to take the advice of Sheriff Free man and "let this episode rest." Two more commercial records, have been broken. The exports of the United Stated for October, 1900, aggregated n value of $193,093,597, the highest figures ever jattalned ip October of any year. More, than this, the exports for the ten months ending with October, 1900, have never been equaled In any similar period in our history, the total repre senting a value of $194,775,203. Accom panying this statement is the an nouncement that "the year 1900 will for the first time in the history of our com merce show an export value of more than $100,000,000 in every month of the year." The demand for American prod ucts is unprecedented, and we might well assert that our foreign trade is at high tide but for the fact that it is constantly increasing. ' The institute work that is being car ried on in Eastern Oregon and Wash ington by the O. R. & N. Co. cannot fall to be of Immense value In developing the agricultural and dairy interests of a wide section. Of the Institute held at Tekoa last week, It is said that it was the most successful of the series thus far, in arousing intelligent interest in dairying and the Industries that ac company It, especially those of poultry and hogralslng. The transportation company that serves at once its own interests and those of the homebullders that make a state shows a business spirit that is both progressive and sagacious. The tragedy at Jacksonville, Involv ing murder and suicide, seems to be one of those happenings which human foresight cannot provide against, since the insanity that leads up to it is of a type that cannot be proven until too late for such proof to be of service in saving life. If there Is a redeeming feature in this crime, it Is found in the fact that the murderer'B pistol was equally effective when, after shooting his victim dead, he turned it against himself. According to the report 6f the Com missioner of Navigation, the tonnage of our merchant marine was increased 300,000 tons during the last flscal year. This showing is gratifying, but It lacks still 374,974 tons of coming up to that of 1861. Our merchant marine tonnage will have to Increase steadily and much more rapidly even than last year for maqy, years' before it will represent truly the greatness of our country. President Gilman'a Retirement, New York Tribune. The announcement of Dr. Gllman's pur pose to resign the presidency of Johns Hopkins University at the end of the cur rent academic year will cause general sur prise, and all who are sincerely interested In the welfare of that Institution will doubtless be inclined to regret bis decis ion, while gratefully acknowledging that he has amply earned a release from hlsl long labor and responsibility. In resign ing the presidency of Yale two years ago Dr. Dwlght said to tho corporation: "It has been my conviction for many years that it is desirable alike with .reference to his own happiness in the later, less active and more restful period of life, and as related to the highest Interests of the Institution that a person who is placed In the chief administrative office In a large university like ours should not con tinue In that position beyond the age of 70." The same considerations seem to have persuaded Dr. Gllman to retire while still possessing: a degree of physical and mental vigor apparently equal to all the requirements of a great place In the edu cational world. It was remarked when Dr. Dwight anr nounced his resignation and the reasons for it, that it seemed somewhat illogical tp fix an arbitrary limit of service In the presidency of a university, as in any other field of activity. At three-score and ten some men are not 70 years old, but 70 years young, and he Obviously belonged to that class. To that class also belongs Dr. Gllman. ..But -there Is an unselfish Pleasure in hoping for that very reason that he will live Ions in the enjoyment of his freedom from tho heavy burdens Which he has borne for a. quarter of a century The fame of the first president of Johns Hopkins as a teacher, and still more as an organizer, is secure, and, hap pily, there is no reason to fear that the Important work which has thus far been in a peculiar sense and degree his own will be checked by his retirement. GROWTH OP MANUFACTURES. New Concerns Outmuberinsr Consoli dations sad Wages Advanced. New York Journal of Commerce. If Mr. Merriam, Director of the Census, is not very much misinformed by his subordinates regarding the number of manufacturing establishments in the country, the decade of industrial combi nations has, a curious tale to tell. He says that in 1S90 there were about 355,000 manufacturing concerns in the United States, and that there are now about 600,000. This Is an increase of 70 per cent in number in a period when concentra tion seemed to be the prevailing tendency. It Is not said that these establishments are separately controlled, but In several Instances the formation of a combination has been followed by the closing and occasionally the dismantling of some of the plants. Much of the growth of the past 10 years, too, It is well known, has been In the direction of the enlargement of existing plants, and the public had supposed that the growth of the past 10 years would be rather in the line of in creasing size than increasing number. A report of the Massachusetts Bureau of Labor Statistics showed that while the number of combinations operating in the statQ had increased very much In the past year, the Independent concerns absorbed by them were a very small percentage of the whole number. The general figures of manufacturing establishments In 1890 and 1SS0 may be recalled In connection with this advance statement of Mr. Merrlam's that the whole number of such establishments In the country has reached about 600,000. The whole number Of establishments reporting In 1SS0 was 355,401, 'but this included sev eral Industries not Included In 1SS0. For purposes of comparison between the two censuses, therefore, fairness required their omission from the figures for 1830. Thus corrected, the leading facts regard ing manufactories In the last two cen suses are thus stated: Percent age of 1S90. 1SS0. Inc. No. of estab lishments.. 323,624 253,502 27.27 Capital $6,138,716,604 $2,780,766,895 120.76 Average No. employes ., 4,476.094 2,700.732 65.74 Total wages.$2,171,356,919 $939,462,252 131.13 Cost of ma terial $5,018,277,603 $3,395,925,123 47.77 Value of products ..$9,054,435,337 $5,349,191,453 69.27 Mr. Merriam has ventured no estimate of the value of produat, but in spite of decreases in price In many lines the In crease in production has been so great that the total value cannot fail to show a large advance. The recent bulletin of the Department of Labor prepares us 'to look for a small Increase in the average wages. As the total amount of wages in the previous decade Increased very much more than the number of employes, the average wage must have Increased de cidedly; that Increase has not been dupli cated in the past 10 years, but the in vestigations of Colonel Carroll D. Wright indicate that there has probably been some Increase. WHIPPING FOR SOME CRIMES. As It Is, Our Prisoner's Lot Is Usually a Happy One. Harper's Weekly. Our penal institutions provide not only bread and butter, three substantial meals a day, lodging, and absorbing occupa tion for the malefactors who have been sequestrated for a period by the opera tions of the law, but much entertain ment is afforded them. Evenings of magic, and even authors' readings, have been provided for tbem; muslcales are a frequent source of entertainment, and there is today published for their amuse ment and exploitation a prison Journal edited and contributed to by those who are serving terms of imprisonment for various crimes a. journal from whose columns the prison-made Jokes are quoted as freely by metropolitan newspapers as are those of the free and independent comic papers. We do not exaggerate the situation when we say that the prison life of the offenders of the day is made far pleasanter and more comfortable for the average of them than that which they enjoy when they are free. This may be a humane method for the time be ing. Wriether it effects the greatest good for the greatest number is a serious ques tion. Society should not, of course, be vindictive in meting out justly incurred punishment, but neither should it err In the other direction, and by a too com placent attitude toward the law-breaker destroy the reformatory Influence of his punishment, and to that extent encour age him to continue in his career of crime. A good whipping administered In private would possibly be far more effective as a preventive than a period of comfort able sequestration, upon the banks of the Hudson River or in any other of the first-class criminal hostelrjes of the coun try. The Oregonian and the South. PORTLAND, Nov. 26. (To the Editor.) Your recent tirade against the people living south of Mason's and Dixon's line Is ludicrous in the extreme, and stamps you as an arrant coward. I refer to your editorial "A Peculiar People." You are on the same plane as the assas sin who lurks in the shadows awaiting his victim, In that you use the columns of your paper to vilify people who have no way to retaliate. In an editorial In today's paper you bray: "As part of the terrible price paid for the victory that kept the Union In tact, the people of the North were ob jects of the Intense hatred of the South erners for a generation." Hatred of the peoplo of the South for the people of the North would have died out long years ago but for such blather skites as you have shown yourself to be, who use every occasion to give them a dig and say something insulting about them. You belong to the class who be lieve In kicking a man when he is down, as witness your continued abuse of Bryan ever since his defeat. Now that election Is over and the de feated have gracefully accepted the re sult, why don't you devote a Httlo of the energy expended In abusing Bryan and keeping alive the hatred of the Southerners for such rabid fanatics as you in printing some of the happenings of the-outside world? If the truth was known, you are one of those brave Individuals who shot oft their mouths and not their guns during the war of 1861-65, It is dollars to cents that you do not publish this. E. CAMPBELL. The correspondent's facta are on a par with his manners. The articles he refers 'to were written by a veteran of the Civil War. A Brave Young- Officer. Manila American. A correspondent writes: "There Is a boy of 19, lying in a field hospital putslde of Tien Tsln with a bullet wound In his thigh who should be written down as 'the typical American kid of the better class,' a product of the peculiar conditions of character moulding which the last three years have developed, This boy is Cap tain Smedley Darlington Butler, of the United States Marine Corps, a veteran of three wars, and the youngest officer of his rank In the service of the Navy De partment. He was 19 years old last Mon day (July 30), Before he was 17 he had been under fire in Cuba. In the Philip pines he won distinction as a strategist In a form of guerrilla warfare which makes cowards of men because they are fighting against an unseen foe. And now from China the cables that flashed the news of that terrible charge against the hordes of yellow fanatics at Tien Tain also brought tho information that junong those wounded was Lieutenant 8. D. Butler. He is Captain Butler now. Befere he re turns to tho peaceful home of his parentB in Westchester, Pa., he may be Colonel Butler, or even General Butler. Who knows?" JEFFERSON AND IRVING. One Has Ideas Apparently aad the Other Only Notions. Barrett Eastman in Chicago Journal. Joseph Jefferson has been delivering a lecture to Princeton students on some topic or other. In the course of the lec ture one of his auditors asked him wheth er he thought the "symbolism of Ibsen and Maeterlinck will ever flourish on the American stage." His reply was thor oughly characteristic of the man, and confirms the Impression made by his ca reer as an actor that his acquaintance with the drama Is limited to. "Rip Van Winkle," "The Rivals." and possibly one or two other plays. He said: Such plays aa portray the baser sides of hu man nature, though they oe true to life, are better left unplayed. I hope they will never gain a foothold on the stage. A truism; but what on earth has it to do with the question that was put to him? Evidently, Mr. Jefferson has had no more time to read Ibsen and Maeter linck than be has had to do anything for the benefit of the American stage. A very different sort of a man, Sir Hen ry Irving, was addressing the Manches ter Arts Club at about the same time that Mr. Jefferson was talking In Prince ton. living has not Jefferson's great fortune, but be has some other things, among them a reputation as a man of taste, a true lover of art, and a man who as actor and manager has done all he could, and that not a little, to give en couragement to art of every kind. On a kindred topic to that alluded to by Mr. Jefferson, Sir Henry said; Still another divine scoffed at what he called the cant of describing the drama as a moral teacher. I should not make that claim on behalf of the drama, for Its humble function Is that of representing lite and how are you to satisfy everybody that any given representa tion of life is conducive to morality. Shakes peare bslvt life on a bigger scale than any other dramatist, and with an effect so perplex ing to some moralists that one of them, a great writer, who was taken from us not long ago, declared Shakespeare to have been divinely en dowed with a total lack of conscience, In order that he might paint humanity exactly as It was. Where are you to put Falatatt In any scheme of moral teaching? The pulp-It must treat him as an old reprobate, and yet Shakes peare has endeared him to mankind. It Is an alarming paradox, and I do not venture to hazard any explanation for the benefit of dio cesan conferences, except that the drama, even when It Is not Shakespeare, may sometimes take broader 'Views of humanity than Its cen sors, and sometimes enforce a lesson of char ity that they are apt to overlook. Compare the two utterances and you will gain a very accurate Idea of the dif ference between the two men. The actor, who is still considered to be an "outsider" by many people who would not approve the old English law which defined him as a "rogue and vagabond," has found a vigorous champion in Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf, of Philadelphia, who wants to take him by tho hand and call him "Brother Preacher" and "Brother Toiler In the Vineyard of the Lord." Rab bi KraUBkopf finds a distinctly novel ex planation of the too common disapproval of the actor by the clergyman. X have a strong suspicion (he says) that envy Is the cause of much of tho church's persecu tion of the stage. The stage Is more popular than the pulpit. And deservedly so. Compare the average Puritanic church with the average legitimate theater, and you will and contrast enough. The one repels, the other attracts. The one Is ascetic, the other Is aesthetic. The one chills, the other cheers. The one bores, the other entertains. The one depresses, the other recreates. The one scolds, the other pleases. The one surrounds Itself svlth a cem etery atmosphere, the other delights the eye and ear .with beautiful scenes and strains. The one Is dogmatic and dictatorial, the other teaches without tho prod or rod, preaches with out starch or choker, and corrects without threat or censure, Take the best sermon and see how duU it Is alongside a good play. What is a Beecher alongside a Booth? What a Tal mage alongside an Irving? Words are never as forcible as actions. Precepts are never as powerful as examples. This view of the subject Is interesting, whatever else may be said about it. But It should be noted that the clergy of Chi cago are very far from demonstrating any hostility to the playhouse. On tho contrary, they not only refrain from at tacking it, but many of them enjoy the pleasure It provides, and one of them, Rev. Ernest Stires, rector of Grace Prot estant Episcopal Church, Is a member ol the Forty Club, whose chief office is W dine distinguished octors visiting Chica go. Cologne Selling: Her Bonds Here. New York Herald. Now it is the City of Cologne, with a population of 400,000, which has come knocking at the doors of American finan ciers. The German municipality needs money for public works, and has decid ed to float a new loan of 21,000,000 marks (about $5,000,000). Capitalists of this city have already begun to subscribe. The bond Issue is being brought out In Germany by the Seehandlung of Berlin. J.t consists of 4 per cent gold bonds, and Is offered at 99, so that It Is brought out on a trifle better than a 4 per cent basis. It is subject to call after December 31, 1905, and if It Is not called In then, or subsequently, In bulk, It will be drawn In at the rate of VA per cent yearly there after by means of sinking fund operations. C. I, Hudson & Co., who were interested In bringing out the recent City of Ham burg loan, are offering the present Cologne issue In this country. Mr. Llsman. bond manager for tho firm, announced that he has already received $416,600 worth of sub scriptions. The proceeds of the bond issue will go into a new market hall for Cologne and other revenue-producing public works. Tho city already has $10,240,400 worth of revenue-producing property. Its assessed tax valuation Is $714,000,000, and the aotual value of the property assessed at this amount is $1,190,000. Including the new Issue of $4,938,000. its funded debt will amount to $145,520,X)0. 1 1 Bring: on the Filipino Kids. Bt. Paul Dispatch. When Japan broke through the crust of isolation, one of the first steps taken was to send numbers of her bright youth to foreign countries for education. Several caroo to the United States. They learned not only out language, but our methods, studied our government and our indus tries. When they went back they went into government service and were invalu able in Introducing and carrying on those changes that have made that nation a marvel of development. Our country can well adopt the same policy toward Its new subjects, for cltize'ns they are not yet fit to become. The Federal Govern ment should provide for the selection and education of several hundreds. Minne sota opens two of her normals to four FUIplnos In each. She might open the others and the university might also adopt the same liberal policy. Especial Instruction in civics should be given them, that they may acquire ideas'of self-government. We have assumed' the respon sibility; we must take the' steps that will let us acquit ourselves with honor. Too Much Condensation. Boston Globe. As a matter of course In certain cam paign emergencies, nourishing food In condensed form might prove decidedly useful, and It is well tnat experiments should be conducted in the line of fur nishing It. As a rule, however, and ex cepting under peculiar, circumstances, a soldier, like a sailor or a farmer, will prefer to give all the body work to do In maintaining the level of nourishment. Dr. George F. Shrady thus sums up the situa tion: "We have teeth, a palate. Jaw and muscles and other pieces of machinery that are Ignored, if not Insulted, when you pop a tablet Into a man's mouth and say, There, you'Ye had your dinner,' " K0r$ ANP C0MMIST. Bryan ought at least to bave a pension. Today and tomorrow the wise -small boy wlU not eat much of anything. It is perhaps just as well that Thanks giving comes before Christmas. Prince Ching is going to Berlin. Just imagine what a jargon pidgin German Will be! Minister Conger is said to be willing to come heme. He was more ao, however, early in the Spring. Westward the course of civilisation takes its way. The city offlolals of Toklo have been guilty of taking bribes. Bishop Potter is such, an unreasonably Impatient man that he refuses to wait for Mr. Croker to purify New York. The excellent thing about college foot ball is that none of the men who play it ever die from brain fever superinduced by overstudy. From the fact that the New York police have not suppressed any plays this sea son, it would appear that there are to be no unusual successes. Persons in need ef a full-sized State) Legislature can get one cheap from W. A. Clark after the first order of business is transacted by the Montana body. It s a good thing that the Navy Is rep resented In the Mediterranean by the Kentucky. The Sultan will now readily understand that Uncje Sam will not take water. The Prince of Wales, who oeleorated his 56th birthday on Friday, November 9, has now held his title the longest In English history Previously the distinction be longed to George IV, who was Prince of Wales for 53 years. Within a month of his birth the Prinoe was created Duke ot Cornwall and Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron Renfrew, Lord of the Isles. Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester, while in 1S60 he was made Earl of Dublin. When he wishes to travel on the quiet the Prince goes as Lord Renfrew and some times as the Earl of Chester. The first shipment of flour ever made from Oregon was 300 barrels, which Cap tain H. C. Leonard took to China In the bark Metropolis, in lSSa. It was not known then that flour could be carried on a long voyage in sacks, so Captain Leon ard had 300 barrels made from lumber sawn In a mill at Oregon City, owned by Dr. McLaughlin. He took the flour to Hong Kong, where It was sold by Captain Crosby, an American in the commission business there, to a Chinese baker, and he received $10 a barrel for It. Mr. Leon ardonly a few of whose oldest friends call him "Captain" now had but little Idea then that there would ever be so much flour shipped from Oregon as It takes to supply the China trade now, and probably no one had any idea, as ex perts now say, that within a few years the China market will take all the sur plus flour made in this state. State Librarian Carver, of Maine, haa received a couple of quaint old bits of Maine lore from Goodspeed's bookstore, in Boston. One Is a little book of 23 pages, printed in Boston in 1731 It is entitled A Faithful Narrative of the Wicked Life and Remarkable Conversion of Patience Boston, allae Sampson, Who was Executed at York, in the County et York. July 24th, 1735. for the Murder of BENJA MIN TROT, of Falmouth, In Casco Bay, a Child of about Eight Years of Age, Who She Drowned in a Well. The story Is told In the old black print, with the queer old "s" that looks an "f." It details the conversion which brought Patience to the gallows. She was ac quitted the first time she was tried, but voluntarily gave herself up and pleaded guilty the second. The book has a pre face written by the "Rev. Messrs. Samuel and Joseph Moody, pastors ' of the churches In York aforesaid." The other curiosity Is an official list of prisoners in "His Majesty's Goal in York," signed by John Carllle, the underkeeper, and bear ing date of June 18. 1740. PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS A Type. Mr. Jones I'm afraid Mrs. Brown sacrifices her comfort to her appearance. Mrs. Jones Yes; and sacrifices it in vain. Puck. Mrs. Jenes Don't trouble yourself to see ma to the deor, Mrs. Smith. Mrs, Smith No trouble. Quito a pleasure. I assure you. Tit Bits. Art and Economy. Edmonta Edgar, I'm going to burn these new photographs of mine; they look 10 years older than I do. Bdgar Nonsense; put them away until you can catch up with them. Indianapolis Journal. A Pertinent Query "So the doctor won't let you smoke, eh?" said Browne as he applied a. match to his weed. "Sorry for you. old man. I can't imagine any greater pleasure than a good pigor after dinner." "Se?" replied Towne, sniffing, "tfien why, do you deny your self that pleasurer Philadelphia. Press. He Counted All Right. "You've been in a fight." said his mother, reprovingly. "Oh. not much of a one," answered the boy. "Did you count 100 as I told you when you felt angry passions rising?" "Oh, sure," returned tho boy. "I counted 100 all right; but I knocked the other boy down first. It's the only safo way." Chicago Evening iosr. A Bit of Romance. He (tentatively) What would you say, dar. if I should ask you to marry me? She (thoughtfully) What would I say? He (hopefully) Yes, dearest. She I would say I would say He (eagerly) Yes, dear. Go ont Go on. She I would say that Charlie Brown bad asked me three weeks ago and I had accepted him. Detroit Frea Press. The Joy of the Hunt. James Barton Adams In Denver Post. The frost Ilea crisp on the dead brown grass and Jewels the fading trees. The wild deer tosses its antlered head and sniffs at the passing breeze. The snow sifts down from the bold old peaks and drifts In the hollow swale. And the smoke of the eampflre floats away like a vapory bridal veil. The song of the hunter smites the rocks and breaks Into echoing trills That fainter grow as they dla away la taa shades of the distant hills. Oh. the hunter's life Is the life for me, away from the world of care, Where the rifle cracks and the echoes leap through the heart of the mountain air' Where the soul is free as the air of God and the heart In the bosom leaps I And the stars keep watch through the silent night as the man at the eampflre sleeps! When the red sun peeps o'er the snow-crowned peaks, like a ball of eternal flame. He Is up and away through the trackless wilds in search of the noble game. He follows the trail of the fleeing elk through the rocks on the mountain side. And stands o'er the form of the fallen king with a feeling of lordly pride, And the mountain Hon far up the cliff sends a growl ef defiance down At the bold Intruder of strangest form In the garnlng ot canvas crown! Ob, the hunter's life Is the life for me la the wilds of the mountain pass. Where the frost lies crisp with its sparkling eyes like gems In the dead brown grass' iWhere the smoke ot the eampflre drifts' away on the breast of the Wintry air, And the heart beats light and the sou Is free inm the talons of clinging carol