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TODAY'S "WEATHER. Occasional light
sow; continued cold; brisk to high northeast
erly winds.
c
PORTXAUD, TUESDAY, JfOV. 20.
One of the good points made by Sen
ator Josephl in his letter on direct pri
mary nominations, printed yesterday
'With others, is that political leaders are
not necessarily bosses, We have al
ways bad political leaders, and prob
ably always wlij have leaders in
thought, leaders in counsel, leaders In
influence, leaders In action. But a boss
la not a leader; he is the whole thing:,
parties need organization; but when
the organization becomes a machine
that appropriates to itself all the func
tions of the party, we have no party
left, only a machine. There is no func
tion of party management so important
In its aspect to government as the se
lection of candidates for office. If the
machine selects the candidates, it Is
incorrect to speak of them as the can
didates of the party. They are the can
didates of the machine. Now, the ob
ject of. the direct primary Is to enable
the party to nominate its candidates.
"We should not need to do this if the
delegates exercised their free choice,
something as delegates do In a National
convention, But they don't. The boss
tells them whom to vote for, and they
do it Through the direct nomination
we hope to get citizens out to the pri
maries, as they turn out in other places
where primary nominations are made
by secret ballot. We hope to do away
-with, bosses and substitute leaders. We
hope to do away w ith bolting and inde
pendent candidates, because when a
man has been rejected by the rank and
file of his party, he can't say he was
the victim of a machine.
The general consensus of Democratic
opinion, North and South, of both par
ties, is that while Bryan cannot hope
to be the candidate of the National
Democracy In 1904, nevertheless, he will
dictate the nomination. Bryan has an
nounced that he does not propose to re
tire from the field of politics, but
Whether he retires or remains, Bryan-
ism is not jextlnct, for Bryanlsm was
not invented by Bryan; it antedated
Bryan. He found Populism and free
sliver made to his hand, adopted both,
and his only work was to fuse the Pop
ulist and Democratic votes. Bryan
added a million of Populist votes to the
Democratic party's poll In 1896, but It
would have been impossible for Bryan
to have been nominated in 1896 if he
bad not found the majority of the Dem
ocratic party already Inoculated with
What is called Bryanlsm. Bryanlsm
antedated Bryan, for in 1892 the air was
eo full oflt that even so conservative
a man as Grover Cleveland talked
about "the oommunlsm of pelf and
whitewashed the Homestead rioters.
Men as conservative as the late Gen
eral John M. Palmer, of Illinois, lost
their heads transiently and talked Pop
ulism In 1892. There was a deal of rant
In 1892 about "the robber barons' and
"the money devil" that was crushing
the life out of the "producing classes."
The Democratic managers in 1S92 made
an alliance with the Populists in sev
eral at the trans-Mlsslsslppl States to
divide the electoral vote, and altogether
there was a very strong nmell of Bry
anism in the Democratic party before
the advent of Bryan,
The conservative Democrats, who
managed Cleveland's campaign In 1892,
had no more serious sympathy with or
respect for Populism than Thurlow
Weed had for anti-Masonry when he
used that popular excitement to elect
William H. Seward Governor of New
York, but the ignorant and passionate
rank and file in the Middle West and
the South really believed that Grover
Cleveland was a sincere evangelist of
Demo-Populism, and when they found
that his Administration was as con
servative and devoted to the protection
of vested rights and honest money as
that of Harrison, the Demo-Populist
party was frantic with rage and disap
pointment. Bryan at the right moment
united the Demo-Populists and was.
nominated in 1893. He was nominated
again in 1900 because the Demo-Populists
were in control of the Dempcratlo
party. These Demo-Populists Trill con
trol, the party machinery In 1904, and
will likely nominate whomsoever Bryan
dictates, because he will remain the
prophet and Moses of his party, even if
he cannot be President. The notion
that some able Gold Democrats of the
33t entertain that they can force the
Democratic party to unload Bryanlsm
and return to the Democracy of "Jeffer
son, Jackson and Tilden," la absurd.
Jefferson, Jaokson and Tilden are dead,
tut Bryanlsm is very much alive. Bry
anlsm stands fox war on wealth, on the
aurts en corporations. The poison ef
It has get into the blood of several mjf
lions ot voter wns now control me
JJemocratlo party,, and will continue to
control it for a number of years to
come. The Democrats who voted the
Republican ticket in 1896 and 1900 from
patriotic motives will be obliged to vote
it again in JL904, if they would escape
the election of a Bryanite, for the Dem
ocratic party is hopelessly committed
to revolutionary policies and pur
poses set forth in its platforms of 1896
and 1900. If Bryan should die tonight,
the Democratic party would be sure to
nominate a Bryanite in 1904.
are: sugar, bounties cohsti
TunoicAir Advocates of beet-sugar bounties
from state treasuries, including those
in Oregon, will find cause for discour
agement in a decision of the Michigan
Supreme Court, setting aside the Michi
gan bounty law as unconstitutional. A
similar law has been enacted in New
York, and is waiting to be passed upon.
The effort in Oregon tailed, but may be
revived. The grounds of the decision
are, therefore, of considerable interest
The Michigan action is that of the
Michigan Sugar Company vs. the Auditor-General
of the State. The plaintiff
company having compiled with all the
requirements of the act, applied to the
Auditor-General for its share of the
bounty under the terms of the law. He
refused payment upon the ground that
the act was unconstitutional, and this
action at law was the result. The stat
ute under which the bounty was
claimed provided. In brief, for the pay
ment of a bounty to manufacturers of
beet-root sugar, who, in turn, were' re
quired. In order to have a valid claim
upon, the bounty, to purchase only beets
produced in the State of Michigan, and
to pay for them not less than a lib
eral amount per ton specified in the
law.
From a terse and clear summing up
of the Issue and decision, which we find
in the New York Journal of Commerce,
it appears that the court was prompt
to hold that the act was unconstitu
tional upon a Variety of grounds, and
that It could not be sustained upon any
of a number of theories ingeniously ad
vanced by counsel for the company. At
the beginning of Its opinion the court
said:
This taxation Is for no publlo purpose that
It cap be upheld. There Is no power la the
state to authorize a tax for private purposes.
Taxes can bo levied only for public purposes
to accomplish some government end. The Leg
islature Is the mere creature ot an organlo law
deriving all its power from the Constitution.
. . . It cannot take the property or A
and rive It to B nor can It tax it for the
benefit of B. Here is a private corporation
now calling upon the state for a sum of money
to aid U In carrying on a private business,
most of which money, If paid, must come out
of the pockets of people who aro not engaged
In that business and Who have no intsrest
In It
Divers pleas of the bounty claimants
were summarily set aside as Inade
quate, The company's assertion that it
would not have gone Into the business
except for the proBpect of a bounty
held out to it by the state; that it bad
gone to great expense in reliance upon
this promise, ahd that, for this reason,
the honor and integrity of the state
were involved In the matter, the court
answers thus: "So the honor and in
tegrity of the state might have become
Involved under any other act, however
unconstitutional, which the legislature
might see fit to pass." It was held that
.the law could not stand, even if no
specific clause of the constitution could
be found to which it was obnoxious.
Upon this point the language of the
court Is:
We need not point out specifically any par
ticular provision of the constitution which It
Ylolatee, It Is old whether It comes within
any of the express provisions of the constitu
tion or not It Is not a law, but an act which
attempts to take the property of one cltlsen
and turn It over to. another. Under the ex
press terms of tbe constitution private prop
erty cannot be taken for private use, qVen
with compensation, without the owner's con
sent; nor can It be taken for puPUo use with
out just compensation. There Is no claim
here, nor can any be made, that these taxes
thus Imposed under the act are for any public
use; nor could the state Itself carry on such a
business.
To the general argument that the
business was a worthy one .giving large
employment to labor, and that its en?
couragement would redound to the gen
eral welfare of the state, the court's
answer was that all honest occupations
are honorable and worthy of encour
agement, but that the state could have
no favorites; that It would be mani
festly unjust to take from some and
give to others; that if an equal amount
were taken from each and returned to
it the result would be null and void,
and finally, whenever, bounties had been
allowed to be given at all, it always
had been found that they went in the
long run to the richest and most pow
erful, and never to those most deserv
ing or most in need of them.
The general principle involved in this
decision Is sound and salutary. Never
theless, circumstances arise when rules
so plainly wise and just are broken by
common consent for promotion of the
general welfare, and in recognition of
the Inability of private interests to do
the work in which the state's aid is
sought to be enlisted. Taxation pays
bounties in Oregon on scalps of preda
tory animals, and we tax everybody to
preserve the sajmon In the Columbia
for the salmon canner. In New Trk
State, people who never eat venison
pay large aggregate taxes to keep deer
from being exterminated. It is doubt
ful, however, if bounties are needed by
beetgrowers or sugar-makers any more
than subsidies are needed by our pros
perous shipbuilders.
DECISIVE, PUT ITCHQUE-
For reasons that to the non-progressive
red man were good and sufficient.
Joseph, the Nez Perce, recently asked
that he and the remnant of his tribe
be allowed to resume possession of his
and their ancestral hunting grounds in
Wallowa Valley, in the Eastern sec
tion of this state. "It was theirs by
right of inheritance and possession";
""they were homesick and pining for
their native air"; "no place i3 or ever
can be to them what this peaceful
mountain-locked valley is and was";
"Joseph himself Is getting old, and
would fain pass his remaining days
among his boyhood's haunts." These
and similar reasons of the sentimental
sort were urged by the chief in support
of his request that the Government re
store to him his ancient domain and
allow him to remove bis people thither
from their present location on the Coli
ville reservation.
In that (air and compliant spirit that
has distinguished the Government in
its dealings in times of peace, with the
Indians, inquiry into the matter was
ordered, with a view to granting the
request if It was found to be advisable.
The annual report of the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs deals exhaustively
wife tbft-iUMMW It b.9Wj!.p!alnly that
uus request cannot De granted m jus-
J ticc to the white settlers whose homos
dot this valley and whose orchards and
vineyards flourish -where under the
sway of the Nez Perce nature held un
disputed rule. The story of the occu
pation and cultivation of the beautiful
valley by the white man is told in the
simple wqrds of the report: "Joseph's
band woUld hardly now tfeuognlsS this
valley as the one over which they
roamed twenty-three years ago, "with
an abundance of game in the moun
tains and fish in the streams. The
game has almost entirely disappeared,
and the fish are fewer every year."
To turn the tide of civilization, even
in this limited area, back; to re-establish
therein the beautiful wilderness,
witb its waste of resources, is mani
festly as impossible as undesirable.
Neither is it, in the sense -of comfort or
justice to the Nez Perces, necessary.
They may be homesick, and this feel
lnir Dosslblv the older Indians will
never quite overcome. But their pres
ent location Is well suited to their needs
and to the younger generation that in a
growth of nearly a quarter of a century
constitute the body of the tribe, and
such bone and sinew as it possesses,
the Valley of the Nespellm, wherein
their allotment of land lies s "home" In
a civilized sense, which they show no
desire to exchange for the state of wild
ness and freedom from labor and its
restraints, for which Joseph yearns
with all the pathos of a strong, non
progressive, savage spirit
Whatever Joseph may be to senti
mentalists upon the Indian problem,
who discuss the characteristics ot the
"noble red man" from afar off In spe
cial sessions of the Indians' Rights So
ciety, to the settlers of Wallowa Valley,
who knew the chief at uncomfortably
close range in the bloody Summer of
1877, he is no nero, but a cruel, murder
ous savage, who, had he received his
Just deserts, would not now be clam
oring for a recognition of his "rights."
In regard to the location of his earthly
habitation. Stripped of all romance,
the Government Inspectors who exam
ined into his case find him a non-pro-gresslv,
lazy Indian a clog upon tfie
endeavor of the Government, which
looks to the industrial advancement pf
his people and an instigation of discon
tent among them rather than a pro
moter of their cpntentment and wel
fare as human beings. The report Is
Unique In that It unconsciously sup
ports the doctrine of the survival of
the fittest and makes- plain the Invinci
bility of progress in an official docu
ment
TUntf ON THE GAS.
A conspiracy to obtain fraudulent dl
vorces has been exposed in New York
City. These fraudulent divorces are
made easy through the practice of ob
taining a hearing before a referee,
whom It was easy to deceive through
perjured testimony and to obtain qui
etly the desired report In favor of the
plaintiff The proper check against this
evil is to assign a Justice of the Su
preme Court to hear divorce cases only,
and to make a rule that no divorce case
shall be sent to referee, but shall be
tried before a Judge of the Supreme
Court In open court. The practice of
sending such cases to referees is to
avoid publicity and to shield defend
ants from notoriety. It Is argued that
because the testimony Is often not fit
for publication the divorce court should
be compelled to alt with closed doors,
and that newspapers should not print
any more than a paje, vague, ambigu
ous report of the trial, Able Jurists an
swer that the only sure preventive of
fraudulent lega. proceedings Is public
ity; that publicity Is the one sure safe
guard against Imposture,
Some clerics have gone so far as to
argue that "so Jong as the Bins and
faults of women are put before the
public by the printed records of di
vorce trials, so lopg will married life
appear to many men a failure," This
(s absurd, lor If It means anything it
means that ignorance Is the only path
way to marital life. The man who
would turn cynic and womtin-hater by
reading the records of a divorce oourt
would be as big a fool a s. woman
who would turn cynic and man-hater
when she read the announcement of
some "good man gone wrony" who had
embezzled trust funds, picked a pocket,
committed burglary, adultury or per
jury. A man who would distrust all
men and all women because some men
and some women go wrong Is not fit to
marry. He is too cheap and shallow
a cynic to adorn the married state, if
he loses faith In human nature because
the records of courts prove that both
men and women are fallible and some
times go wrong. We need not worry
over the man or woman who Is afraid
to trust anybody because somebody
goes wrong. You might as we! argue
that the apostles were a bad lot because
one of the twelve sold his master or
because Peter denied him thrice. Ig
norance is not a desirable state of Inno
cence; knowledge of the possible abuses
of the married state are no reason for
not entering it with a high purpose to
adorn it Men or women, ffiio are made
cynics by the knowledge of both good
and evil, who have po faith in any
body because somebody has proved
faithless, are not fit to marry; they are
too suspicious and shallow-minded to
make a happy marriage possible.
Divorce courts ore like all other
courts. They, serve to remind us that
human nature is weak and that men
and women are sub'ject to failure and
to fall. But a man who would lose his
faith In womanhood because of the rec
ords of divorce trials would distrust the
mother that bore him or the sister that
was the playmate of his chHdhopd. it
is a fortunate girl who loses a fellow
who has no faith in human nature; and
a wise man does not forget that true
marriages never trouble the courts, and
When they are not true marriages they
ought to trouble the courts,
Let us know both good and evil, the
weakness and the strength of human
nature, but let us not argue that ignor
ance is a desirable kind of innocence.
The man who has no faith in marriage
or in any woman because marriage is
sometimes a deplorable failure, is as
absurd and cheap a creature as a man
who would repudiate the ethics and
principles of Christianity because he
had read of a clergyman going wrong
or of frightful crimes committed In the
name of religion. Turn on the gas in
all divorce trials. The realistic, repul
sive details of the testimony given no
more corrrupts the purity of society
than the spectacle of a squeaking, gib
bering ghoBt of, drqnken manhood
tempts anybody, young1 or old, to drink
to excess. The guilty party to a di
vorce suit does not enjoy publicity and
notoriety for his misconduct, and, be
cause he does not, ? eeks. to escape open- J
air justice tor his shame. This kind
of folk do- not like the humiliation that
falls upon them when the press turns
on the gas Upon their moral nudity by
the publication ot a truthful -court re
port. The repulsive details, tbe expos
ure of the. guilty to ridicule and satire
of the whole country, -are not a tempta
tion to Impurity, but a solemn warning
to those who take no higher view of
Bin than the conviction' that it is a sin
to be found out and branded in the
courts wltbthe scarlet letter. The wie
and virtuous will never be hurt by
open trials for divorce. The weak will
be instructed that notoriety and pub
llclty are among the penalties of wrong
doing, Sudden death comes with a shock to
the friends of the man or woman who
iquietly and without pain surrenders
life In answer to an unexpected sum
mons. For this reason alone a selfish
reason at best may the prayer for de
liverance therefrom be sincerely voiced.
Certainly no one could ask for himself
fi more pleasing transition from the
lfe known to life hoped for than that
which Is accompanied by the sweet
strains of church music, voiced by the
words of a familiar hymn breathing of
Immortality. In this view the sudden
and painless death In the First Pres
byterian Church Sunday evening of
an estimable woman, who had passed
the allotted measure of three score
years and ten, was fcn event not shock
ing in its nature, but imposing in its
gentle and solemn fitness.
Truly does he silhouette himself who,
a Jefferson Democrat, would assault
the judgment of the people by dubbing
them fools because they did not elect
a particular candidate. The majority
is ttll-wlse In Jeffersonlanlsm, con do
no wrong. But members of a party
which boasts of Its dose alliance with
the people and with the precepts of a
sacred dogma, now turn upon the peo
ple and call them fools. Where Is free
sliver 'when the majority spurns It as
malicious? How can expansion be
wrong when the majority favors it?
The harmony between Democracy and
the doctrine of Its sire is not so heav
enly that It Is without discord.
The announcement of the death of
Martin Irons at Houston, Tex., recalls
for the first time In many years the
fact that a man of that name ever lived.
A labor leader of the anarchistic order,
he made his quota of trouble for hon
est labor and legitimate Investment a
dozen or fifteen years ago. Such men!
run their course swiftly, and drop out
of sight legitimate labor organizations
sloughing them ,oft as a healthy body
sloughs off a pestilent humor In the
blood. Irons was disposed of in this
way, and has beet dead to the publlo
knowledge and fortunately to mischief
for many years.
A sharp breath of Winter Indicative
of what, according to that veracious in
dividual, the "oldest inhabitant," de
clares to be In store for us, came whist,
ling in from the northwest Sunday af
ternoon. It was warmed somewhat be
fore it reached Portland, and there
is hope that the snow will pass
off without damage to the chrysan
themumSj cosmos, dahlias, fuchsias
and other dooryard flowers that hold
out bravo promise of gay bouquets and
plenty of them for Thanksgiving din
ner tables.
Christian Scientists profess to ban
ish disease. They seem able to banish
jlfe, which Is quite as great an achieve
ment as the other, For If djsease Is .a
mere fiction of the mind, so is our whole
existences Life is a long catalogue of
subjectlves. Hot and cold, blue and
red, round and square, p&ln and com
fort, disease and health, all are dlspo
sltjons of .the mind. In so far, there-,
fore, ad healers overcome life, theirs Is
a signal triumph of transcendentalism.
Antl-Yaoclnatlonlsts who make light
of the ancient ravages of the smallpox
ought to read what Macaulay says of
It In describing the death of Queen
Mary II, wife of William III, by small
pox, in December, l$9i. Macaulay
writes;
That disease, over which science has since
achieved a sucessBlon of glor'og a d benencent
victories, was men ;ne most terrible of all the
ministers of death The sma ipex w&H always
present, filling the cjiurchjafds with corpses,
tormenttns with constant ftes those whom It
had not stricken, wearing on those whose lives
had shared tho hideous traces of Its porrer,
turning- the bfibe into a chansellns, at which
the mother shuddered, and mak; ng- eyes pnd
cheeks of the betrothed maiden objects of hor
ror to the lover.
The investment in Bryan:
Northern sta-ts. car- Ncrthem i
rlid by CUieiacd in riedbym
lM)2s Colorado
California Nevada
Connecticut Idaho
Delaware Montana
HUnoU
Indiana
New J rssy
New York
North lakoia
Washlnfctpn
Wisconsin
A curious anomaly is exhibited by
certain journals which now explain
Bryan's defeat by saying he was wrong.
Yet they supported him and all he
stood for. Was he wrong because they
favored him, or were they wrong be
cause they have just Waked up?
Sidewheelers In Open Sea.
New York Times.
When the .steamer Portland, in Novem
ber, of 1S98, was lost off Cape Cod, every
body on board of her was drowped, and Jt
was therefore possible only to guess at the
details of the disaster. The guesses made
at the time, however, were almost cer
tainly correct, and a particularly strong
reason for thinking so Is the fact that
just what was supposed to Oiave happened
to the Portland the survivors of the City
of Monticello now tell us did happen to
that vessel. In all essential respects a
duplicate of the Portland, when cruel fate
carried her Into similar conditions of wind
and Water. Both were side-wheel Steam
ers of considerable age, and both were
run over routes more than ordinarily dan-
gerous, not because of special adaptation
for such service, but simply because the
nature ot the traffic, passepgor and freight,
was such as to permit the employment In
It of vessels of a type too antiquated to
hold their own n the fierce competition
between' Important ports. In other days,
when all steamers were side-wheelers,
6f course they were considered safe
enough for use anywhere, and both the
1 inconveniences and the perils Incidental
to construction like theirs were Ignored.
for the sufficient reason that there was
nothing better or safer available- But
that has not been true for years more
thap a few, and today steamers with side
wheels are used here and there for open
sea service with a full knowledge that the
Jives and property intrusted to them ore
subject to avoidable "dangers. It la easier
to -understand than to approve the motives
of their owners. They do not want to sell
for old iron and firewood vessels thai, are
still fctanch enough o fcring in soma tt
turn for invested capital. With moderate
good luck, the old-time craft make their
way up and down the eoagt, and even
longer voyages, about -as well as better
steamers, but wnen tne moment or ex
tremo trial comes they sink wbea-tb oth-
ers rema a afloat iiodern stealers of the
best typs are no. te;ten to p eces in
deep water, no matter, how high the waves
,may be. ' It can fairly be asked, there-
ibre, whether the slae-woeeiers sun left
are to be used: until they meet, one by
one, the fate of the Portland and the City
of Monticello?
- r -
TWP JOOCDS 4?P PROMOTERS.
But Bryan, of Coarse, Could Jfot Dia
crimlnate Betrreen Them.
Chicago Tribune,
During the last few years the "pro
motet" has been conspicuous in this
country. Some of the men engaged in
this comparatively new industry have
made much money and have been much
abused. Nobody has praised their work;
the majority have condemned it unspar
ingly, In the current number of the Journal
of Economics there is an article on
"trusts' by Professor Jenks, of Cornell
University. In that article he explains
clearly tbe difference between useful and
harmful promoters. He does not indis
criminately censure all of them, nor does
he begrudge those who are deserving the
large rewards they have sometimes
reaped.
If by tbe promoter is meant a man who
takes charge of the details ot organiza
tion of a great business and places Its
stock upon the market when industrial
conditions are such that the corporation
comes naturally into existence, then, says
Professor Jenks, "tbe work of such a
man is a necessity and of clear benefit
to the community." His reward should
not be proportionate to tbe length ot time
given up to the work, but be estimated
somewhat in proportion to the import
ance of the service rendered.
Where a large business is organized un
der a single skilled executive head or
where several small establishments are
united under one competent management,
there Is a saving of energy, or a better
direction of productive energy, which les
sens the cost of production, and henoe
benefits the community. The promoter
Of such a consolidation has performed a
useful work. The promoters who organ
ize combinations when the situation does
not gall for them are bad promoters The
services of these individuals in the organ
ization of many of the later Industrial
combinations In the United States, "In
stead of being an industrial benefit have
been a most serious damage." Many ot
them nave made considerable sums, but
they have done so at the expense of the
credulous publlo which bought thB shares
given to the promoters as a reward for
the labor performed by them In organ
izing new companies which never should
have been organized, and which may
have to be reorganized soon,
The distinction between the good and
the bad promoter drawn by Professor
Jenks ls plain and sound. But If Mr.
Bryan were asked about the matter, he
would say promptly that there can be no
good promoters and no good combina
tions. Commercial Integrity,
International Journal of Ethics
Great license Is undoubtedly taken by
many buslneas men in giving In .taxes.
In this and other matters a business
man Is expeoted to have, in addition to
his real conscience, a commercial one.
This, I confess, Is bad. The operation of
a commercial conscience In such matters
lowers one's moral standing.
Some existing business conditions do
tend to destroy a fine sense of honor,
and to neutralize the effect of other
agencies for good. This class Of busi
ness, however, is, as a rule, avoided by
the large business houses.
Among the bankers, who some politi
cians have denounced In the most un
mitigated terms, tvo find high examples
of integrity and honor. The small bank
era or usurers of former years have
been jrucceedsd by men of the highest
standards who can bo trusted. They
have advanced, while statesmen appear
to have degenerated Into political dema
gogues. The fanner has been mistakenly held
up as the best example of honor. His en
vironments are such that he does not
come In touch with the public and have
'the same opportunity for moral advance
men as other classes. Mechanics and other
skilled workmen are recognized generally
by men who understand such matters as
being very muoh superior to the farmer
In moral perception,
From what I haVe said It may be In
ferred that business men are not honest
becau&o it pays to be honest. Well, it
does pay to be honest, and we cannot
gainsay the fact Yet a business man, if
he l built Dn the right plari, sees the eter
nal fitness of things and recognizes those
higher laws which he may not profess to
define, but nevertheless firmly belleVes in
HU environment and training do not
blunt, but, on the contrary, keenly sharp
en his perception of right and wrong, and
he must transact his business ip accord
ance with It In order to maintain his self-
respect. 'He Is Impelled to deal correctly
and to be honeatt solely because It Is right
to do so, which, from my point of view,
la the highest motive that can actuate a
rotvn.
J have heard the statement made that
mercantile training engenders mercenary
motives, that It makes the general aim in
life of a business man mere money-getting.
My experience among business men
with whom I associate Is a poslttlve and
absolute refutation of this statement.
Two Good Secretaries
New York Evening Post.
President McKlnley Is ending his first
term with a much better Cablnqt than
he had at the beginning. He was un
doubtedly hampered at the start by the
necessity of giving places to men who
would not otherwise have been considered,
but who had "claims" which It was
thought could not be denied. The best
selection was that of Mr. Gage for the
Treasury Department. He has made mis
takes, it is true, during his incumbency,
but they have been political, not finan
cial. H has beep a wise and conserva
tive Secretary, who commands tho confi
dence of the business community. The
present head of the State Department is
a man In whom the Nation has great
confidence. No public man has made such
rapid progress in public esteem during
the past twp years as Mr. Hay. Changes
will doubtless occur in the Cabinet dur
ing Mr. McKlnley's second term, but It Is
earnestly to be hoped that they need not
affect either the Treasury or the State
Department.
.
'Was Mr. Hermann Premature?
Pendleton Tribune.
Binger Hermann, Commissioner of the
General Land Office, Js so sure that he
will be the next Senator from Oregon
that he has notified President McKlnley
that he will retire from his present office
within the next three mopths. Binger has
been a very good Congressman and a very
capable Land Commissioner,, but he Is not
tho only Senatorial pebble on the Oregon
beach. In fact, there are others. Senator
McBrlde has not altogether retired from
political business t nor has ex-Senator
MltohelL Last, but not least, there Is ex
Senator Henry "W. Corbett, of Portland.
Mr. Corbett is ripe In years, but also In
stalwart Republicanism and statecraft,
and we would advise our friend, Binger
Hermann, not to be In a hurry to throw
up his present official Job at last not
until Mr, Corbett pulls put of, the race.
. i e
Greece a Land C Earthcioal;
Youth's Companion.
It is with some surprise that one reads
in a recent report of the director of tho
National Observatory at Athens that, tak
ing area into account, earthquakes are
about twice as frequent In Greece as they
are in Japan, The latter country has
' usually bee"n looked upon as par excqU
lence the land of earthquakes. It would
appear that It? earthqua.Hts are, upon the
Whole, more severe than tho8e Jn Qr?ece
although, tne great arcnueciuroi monu-
mertts of Greece have suffered much from
seismic disturbances.
WHY SHIPS COME TO PORTLAND
Te Tacoma ledger has hsd but little
to say about the delays of ships in the
Columbia since the last fleet of grain
ships were Weatherbound for two weeks
on Puget Sound. On the supposition that
the matter had been forgotten, however,
it broke loose again last Saturday with
the following;
Portland has trouble in Its endeavors to
maintain Its prestige as a shipping port. Mas
ters ot vessels which have touched at Port
land do not hesitate to voice their complaints
In emphaUc terms. The latest ship to have
trouble In trying- to gxt out Of Portland Is the
Norwefftan eteamer Berenhus. whleb left
Portland last Tuesday morninz for down the
river. 'Since then she has been eacounterier
a succession of dangejou ehoals in the river.
She spent some time at Columbia. City, and by
Judicious worMns of the tldas may ultimately
be able to set out of the river In safety. She
records another chapter In Portland's en
deavors to be a seaport.
The feergenhu? arrived In at Astoria
November 9 and reached Portland the
?ame day. She loaded oyer 2000 tons of
cargo in this city, which, with that al
ready aboard, made a total of over 6009
tons. With the usual quick dispatch
which makes Portland a much, more de
sirable port than Tacoma, the steamer
was loaded, coaled and ready for sea four
days after reaching port. She left down
the river November IS, and went through
to Astoria without touching bottom any
where on the route. A thick fog which
prevailed last week necessitated anchor.
lng over' night and part of one day, but
in spite of this delay, which occurs on
Puget Sound just as it does on the Colum
bia, the ship was out over the bar and
well clear of the land on her way to the
Orient less than 43 hours after leaving
Portland harbor, and but five days and 20
hours after entering the river for her
cargo,
The Bergenhus is still going, and will
reach the Orient in due season with no
expense to the underwriters and no loss to
the shippers. Things are different on Pu
get SoUnd. The British steamship Duke
of Fife sailed from Tacoma October 2T,
with a cargo for the Orient. She Is a
new vessel, stanchly built, and rated 100
Al in Lloyds, but she no sooner poked
her nose out past the protection of Capo
Flattery than she was picked up and
slammed around by the gales and neaji
which have made that locality dreaded by
shipmasters from all over the world. The
good ship made a strong fight, but It was
soon over. Plates were sprung, rivet?
broken, and the entire frame strained
to such an extent that the water cams
pouring in from a hundrod leaks. Power
ful pumps kept the ship afloat, and on
November 5 she drifted back to Victoria,
with six feet of water In the hold and a
hundred thousand dollars' worth of cargo
practically ruined by salt water. Jfcier
passengers took another ship, the cargo
was discharged, and the steamer put in
the dry dock, where, at f.n expense of
several thousand dollars, temporary re
pair were made, which enabled her to
take on part of the cargo which was not
ruined and proceed to the Orient, wHere
permanent repairs will be made. She
sailed again November 13, after a loss of
17 days.
Last Thursday the Bteamer Robert Dol
lar, coal-laden for San Francisco, met
with a similar experlenoe off Cape Flat
tery, but being a smaller vessel she es
caped with nothing worse than a dam
aged ateamplpe, which necessitated her
putting into tho Columbia River to re
pair damages. Her loss in time and re
pairs wlU probably not exceed J100O.
As It was a fog which caused the slight
delay to the Bergenhus, which has af
fected the Ledger so seriously, it la, at J
cpurse, permissible to mention some or
the disasters due to fog on Puget Sound
which have boen reported within the past
fortnight. The Canadian Pacific's Royal
Mall steamship, Empress of Japan, on
the morning of November 6, crashed into
the American bark Abbey Palmer, dur
ing a thick fog, and when they got clear
of each other and drifted back to Vic
toria and Port Townsend, respectively,
the underwriters were losers to the ex
tent of about ?100,OOQ, through the re
sultant damage, while shopowners, ship
pers and passengers were indirectly losers
by a large amount. H?re 13 approxi
mately what Puget Sound shipping has
copt the underwriters in tho past three
weeksi
Steamship Duke of Flf W.00O
Steamship Bmpress ot Japan........... 08 000
Bark Abbey Palmer ..,f. Bo.JWO
Steamer Itobert Dollar .,, 1,000
Total , 118,000
The delay of the Bergenhus, which was
the only steamer from Portland that ex.
nerlenced any delay, cost the underwriters
ftothlng,
Another point which the Ledger over
looked In Its latest yarn is the fact that
tho steamship Norman Isles came to Poru
land last week from Tacoma to load a
full cargo of lumber, and the Norwegian
steamship Hvarven will leave ruget
Sound tomorrow for Portland to load a
full cargo of flour. Bo Jopg as ship
owners and business men find Portland a
sufficiently attractive port to send their
vessels here in ballast from Tacoma and
Seattle, Portland will experience no vast
amount of "trouble in its endeavors to
maintain Its prestige as a shipping port."
Another "chapter n Portland's endeavor
to be a seaport' can bo found in somo
figures compiled by the Bureau of Statis
tics and printed In another column. They
show that or the first 10 months of
the calendar year Portland has shipped
3,300,000 bushels more wheat tnan warf
shipped in a corresponding period last
year, while during the "Jams period this
year Tacoma and Seattle combined
shipped but TT51 bushels more than they
shipped in" the first 10 months of 1S99.
Portland has advanced from sixth to fifth
place in the list of American wheat
ablpplng ports, while Pugat Sound has re
mained stationai-y in plntn place. Poor
old Portland 1
hi i '
PLBASAKTRIES OT FAnAGHAFHEItS
His Becommendatlon. She Would you rec
ommend any particular method pf learning
golfT He Decidedly 1 Coeducation. Puck.
Much the Same, Mrs. JIayseed Did you go
to bear the howling Dervishes while you were
in the city? Mr, Hayseed No,, b;t I went to
Coqsln Miranda's, and she's got twins. New
York Weekly.
Natural Consequence. "la my dinner never
comlngf roared tho King ot Mbpwka. "Your
puissant highness will remember," murmured
the slave with his face In tbe dust, "that you
ordered one of those mesfepger boys." Jn
dlanapolts Press.
Mrs; Cannaford-sTes, it is a really blgh
class rchool. Teddy is learning Latin and
Greek, Babylonian art, and prehistoric grada
tions. Mrs. Pick But do you think they wlil
be usefult "Useful! Thank heaven, we haven't
come down to that yet." Life.
VUd Do It Zlrst Asklt-rWhat Is your un
dersUndinc of the Golden HuIeT Dees it
mean, t'Bo upte others as you would like' to
be done by"T Blzqtss No; var interpreta
tion is, "Do unto others as you would e
likely to b done by." Philadelphia Prom,
Old llcores, 'That MJss Oldbam appears to
live completely la the past. Suoh a quaint
body! Really, she seems to have- been lifted
out of the eighteenth century and set into (hta
one without her consent." Tts, I nel4 "
the other day. She asked me If X thought Te
Man "With the Hoe' would last as a penaaseat
addition to our literature." Chicago Ttoes-
JjScralO.
. . KOTE AND C0HHENT41
Did any one say beautiful snow?
Oh. we don't know, lt'saot sq warm.
You ought fo have bought that coal Ion
ago. -, "
This was the way the weather seemed to
the Democracy November 6.
The first thing a professional thleC
learns to take Is long chances.
The biggest fake ot tongue crpen "
Is, "Aguinaldo's dead again"
All Colorado needs is to disfranchise
negro voters to gain admittance into the
Solid South. '
A certain Nebraska statesman will new
astonish the world with a lightning dis
appearance act. 4 i
Tbe election cigars will
in all be
smoked up, and it will be saf t
to breathe
again In public.
Probably the next man to att
ipt to as
sassinate the President will
that he
did It to pay an election bet.
Now doth the festive Semocra
Wax very much surprised.
To think that he so muchly ne
To be reorganized.
The Sultan of Turkey is going t buy an
automobile. That will oblige U&le Sam
to buy a faster one for the man 1,9 sends
to collect that t3O,O0O.
If Count de Castellane lacks opportu
nity to spend his relations' money,1 he
ought to go to Montana and succeed Mr
cua Daly as a Senatorial candidate,"
The first foreign vessel, aayw the Phlla
delphla Record, to salute the new United
States battleship Alabama, which Is lying
at anchor off Cramps' shipyard, was the
Spanish steamship Irurak Bat, which ar
rived the day before from Bilbao, Spain,
loaded with iron ore. It was pleasant to
see, after tbe recent war with Spain, the
vesael dip her colore to tbe big Alabama
as she passed on tier way to Port Rloh
mond wharves. The warship did not re
turn the salute, of course, according to
the rule In the various navies not to dip
colors to merchant vessels, as too much
time would be taken up in observing the
practice. But the incident was put down
as one of Importance in the history of the
new worship.
A Blarney Castle tory, involving a
pretty little Irish, girl, is being told in
Dublin. Several visitors were exploring
the famous castle, and on reaching the
top became somewhat nervous -owing to
the great height. Presently a young man
appeared, and. being a stranger, asked to
have the real Blarney stone pointed out
to him that he might follow the ancient
custom and kiss the ancient relic. The
process of kissing the stone Is rather a
dangerous one, and tbe young woman, in
her nervous state, not caring to have the
feat attempted in her presence, ex
claimed: "Oh! please don't kiss the stone
while I am here." The stranger, It la
hinted, politely acceded to her request,
but not exactly in the way she meant.
The Oregonlan is asked to reradnstrete
against the numerous movable billboards
with which the various theaters so liber
ally ornament the streets In the busintsa
part of the city every Saturday night and
Sunday. It is complained that they aro
blown into the streets and some, of them
are Jiroken up and Jha fragments lie
around with sharp wlre nails sticking up,
convenient for any one to tread upon and
gef the lockjaw. It does seem as if some
of the bill distributers were Inclined to
take a foot if allowed an Inch, and that
there is no necessity for so many of these
billboards, a half dozen or more of which
are seen in clusters in many places, but
it is not likely that any remonstrance
from The Oregonlan or from any one else
would have any effect unless the pqllce or
the proper official, whoever he may bo,
takes some action In the matter.
A down-town market man has for some
time had a pair of fox-tailed gray squir
rels in a compartment, where, with abun
dance to eat, plenty of straw for bedding,
and a large wheel o revolve for exer
cise, they fiave passed their days in
comfort and content. A short time ago a
muskrat, for want of other accommoda
tions, was placed in the compartment
with the squirrels, and now they begin
to reallae something of the strenuousness
of life, in competition. When the squlr--yels
are amusing themselves In their
merry-go-round wheel, the muskrat, In
tent on his own comfort only, takes,
steals and carries away all the straw In
the compartment and collects it beneath
tha wheel, where he has located his hest.
Then the squirrels have to steal it away
from him, or sleep on the bare boards.
This occupies all their spare time, and
when it is once dose- Jt ha to be done
pver again. As the uruskrat does not
speak the squirrel language there la ho
hope, of an understanding being arrived
at between them, and they will go dn
threshing over this old traw till It or
they are worn out.
... n 1 1 1 11 1
What the Dollar poem.
Baltimore News, I
I may so to man. Mallndy. when fl huakin.'
work am done, ....,
V7U song of honeylub to ebeer her, byrt
I may tell her of de pumpkins lollln yaller la
do sua I
And da golden ears of corn upon oe cyort--But
sap neber smllo sosw eety.
And she neber dance so neatly,
And her eyes dey nebed twinkle la dere glee,
Lafc dey do when Pse got meney,
An' I tell her she's mah honey-'
pen d" shaddeja. frum; de cabin Up an' fleel
Twill be frosty In de mawnln', an de rabbit
make his track.
Twill be possum time, and BwlnghV down de
hlli; 1
I may bring de fattest feller hansln heavy on
jnah bask.
An' call her fer to 'xamlne of mah kill
Biit she'll tu'n W bd & ' 1
An she won't have raueh to say,
An' she fussy, an' she grumpy, an she
queer
Hut when I rattle money,
Den she ebonely am mah honey,
An' her smile lest Bit de cabin wt Its cheerl
Went an' won a turkey gobble at de raffle
down de road.
An' I tuk him home In trlumz Jest' to see
How dem eyes of mah Mallndy wld daro rap
ture would 'xplode, i
But she only gabe a ouy'ous glaao, at me.
Neber chuekled at de feonab
Dat my loh hod brought upon huh;
Ain't nothln' fer Mallndy I ean do
At Will Wt her eyes to flaihln'.
An' her HP in Jaoghln' puhlen,
lAk - de dollah wl( de sunlight fflasbla'
through I
If s da sunlight of de dollah dat aan' turn ds
eabln walls
Into jasper-tike de castle of a Klngf
An' ean wake Mallndy's laughters hit' 4e
sperrlt, sab, dat ealls
Her hyart upon her honey.llps to sing I
Hit ean scare de gloom completely.
Hit can set her daneln' neatly,
Hit can roaV,' her nlaok eye? twinkle wlf
dere cleft
An It's wtjen,! hrjpj her nsfney, r
An' I tell her she's mah henty,
Dat de efeadders dey jeat rise' right 19 aa
fieet