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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 20, 1900)
THE MOK2OTG OREGOXIA TUESDAY. NOVEMBER 20', 1000. Jte xz&oxu&xu Entered at tbe Postomee at Portlsnd. Oregon, as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. JHftetal Rooms.. ..108 Business Office. .6ST SSVIBED SUBSCRIPTION BATES. By yt1 (postage prepaid). In Advance Deny, with Sunday, per month $ S uaiijrt ounoay exeeptea. per year........ w with Sunday, per year w year ......................... w r. uer year She Weekly, 3 m :::n:::::::: months To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays exoepted.l5e Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays included.20o POSTAGE BATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: XO to IB-page paper ., ......J.lc IS to 82-page paper 2c yorelgn rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication in Tit Ore? onian should be addressed Invaria Wy "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of asy individual. Letters relating to edverti $&& subscriptions or to any business matter Jd be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn aay manuscripts cent to it without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose, Puget Bound Bureau Captain A. Thompson. eOoe at UU Pacific avenue, Tacoma. Box 55, Tacomv Postofflce. Eastern Business Office The Tribune build ing, Nev Torlc aty; "The Rookery." Chicago; the 8. C Beokwlth special agency. New Torlc For sal In San Francisco by J. K. Cooper, 7 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros 236 Butter street F. W. Pitts, 1038 Market street; Foster & Orear, Ferry Newsstand. For aele In Lo Angeles by B- F. Gardner. SW So, Spring street, and Omer & Haines, loa Bo. Spring street. For sale in Omaha by H. C Shears, 105 N. Sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros , 1612 Fanram street For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake New Co., TT W. Seeend South street. For sale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co., 116 Royal street On file In Washington, I. C, with A. W. Dunn. 609 J 4th N. W. For sale in Dener, Colo., by Bamlltoa & Xendrlck, 906-912 Seventh street TODAY'S "WEATHER. Occasional light sow; continued cold; brisk to high northeast erly winds. c PORTXAUD, TUESDAY, JfOV. 20. One of the good points made by Sen ator Josephl in his letter on direct pri mary nominations, printed yesterday 'With others, is that political leaders are not necessarily bosses, We have al ways bad political leaders, and prob ably always wlij have leaders in thought, leaders in counsel, leaders In influence, leaders In action. But a boss la not a leader; he is the whole thing:, parties need organization; but when the organization becomes a machine that appropriates to itself all the func tions of the party, we have no party left, only a machine. There is no func tion of party management so important In its aspect to government as the se lection of candidates for office. If the machine selects the candidates, it Is incorrect to speak of them as the can didates of the party. They are the can didates of the machine. Now, the ob ject of. the direct primary Is to enable the party to nominate its candidates. "We should not need to do this if the delegates exercised their free choice, something as delegates do In a National convention, But they don't. The boss tells them whom to vote for, and they do it Through the direct nomination we hope to get citizens out to the pri maries, as they turn out in other places where primary nominations are made by secret ballot. We hope to do away -with, bosses and substitute leaders. We hope to do away w ith bolting and inde pendent candidates, because when a man has been rejected by the rank and file of his party, he can't say he was the victim of a machine. The general consensus of Democratic opinion, North and South, of both par ties, is that while Bryan cannot hope to be the candidate of the National Democracy In 1904, nevertheless, he will dictate the nomination. Bryan has an nounced that he does not propose to re tire from the field of politics, but Whether he retires or remains, Bryan- ism is not jextlnct, for Bryanlsm was not invented by Bryan; it antedated Bryan. He found Populism and free sliver made to his hand, adopted both, and his only work was to fuse the Pop ulist and Democratic votes. Bryan added a million of Populist votes to the Democratic party's poll In 1896, but It would have been impossible for Bryan to have been nominated in 1896 if he bad not found the majority of the Dem ocratic party already Inoculated with What is called Bryanlsm. Bryanlsm antedated Bryan, for in 1892 the air was eo full oflt that even so conservative a man as Grover Cleveland talked about "the oommunlsm of pelf and whitewashed the Homestead rioters. Men as conservative as the late Gen eral John M. Palmer, of Illinois, lost their heads transiently and talked Pop ulism In 1892. There was a deal of rant In 1892 about "the robber barons' and "the money devil" that was crushing the life out of the "producing classes." The Democratic managers in 1S92 made an alliance with the Populists in sev eral at the trans-Mlsslsslppl States to divide the electoral vote, and altogether there was a very strong nmell of Bry anism in the Democratic party before the advent of Bryan, The conservative Democrats, who managed Cleveland's campaign In 1892, had no more serious sympathy with or respect for Populism than Thurlow Weed had for anti-Masonry when he used that popular excitement to elect William H. Seward Governor of New York, but the ignorant and passionate rank and file in the Middle West and the South really believed that Grover Cleveland was a sincere evangelist of Demo-Populism, and when they found that his Administration was as con servative and devoted to the protection of vested rights and honest money as that of Harrison, the Demo-Populist party was frantic with rage and disap pointment. Bryan at the right moment united the Demo-Populists and was. nominated in 1893. He was nominated again in 1900 because the Demo-Populists were in control of the Dempcratlo party. These Demo-Populists Trill con trol, the party machinery In 1904, and will likely nominate whomsoever Bryan dictates, because he will remain the prophet and Moses of his party, even if he cannot be President. The notion that some able Gold Democrats of the 33t entertain that they can force the Democratic party to unload Bryanlsm and return to the Democracy of "Jeffer son, Jackson and Tilden," la absurd. Jefferson, Jaokson and Tilden are dead, tut Bryanlsm is very much alive. Bry anlsm stands fox war on wealth, on the aurts en corporations. The poison ef It has get into the blood of several mjf lions ot voter wns now control me JJemocratlo party,, and will continue to control it for a number of years to come. The Democrats who voted the Republican ticket in 1896 and 1900 from patriotic motives will be obliged to vote it again in JL904, if they would escape the election of a Bryanite, for the Dem ocratic party is hopelessly committed to revolutionary policies and pur poses set forth in its platforms of 1896 and 1900. If Bryan should die tonight, the Democratic party would be sure to nominate a Bryanite in 1904. are: sugar, bounties cohsti TunoicAir Advocates of beet-sugar bounties from state treasuries, including those in Oregon, will find cause for discour agement in a decision of the Michigan Supreme Court, setting aside the Michi gan bounty law as unconstitutional. A similar law has been enacted in New York, and is waiting to be passed upon. The effort in Oregon tailed, but may be revived. The grounds of the decision are, therefore, of considerable interest The Michigan action is that of the Michigan Sugar Company vs. the Auditor-General of the State. The plaintiff company having compiled with all the requirements of the act, applied to the Auditor-General for its share of the bounty under the terms of the law. He refused payment upon the ground that the act was unconstitutional, and this action at law was the result. The stat ute under which the bounty was claimed provided. In brief, for the pay ment of a bounty to manufacturers of beet-root sugar, who, in turn, were' re quired. In order to have a valid claim upon, the bounty, to purchase only beets produced in the State of Michigan, and to pay for them not less than a lib eral amount per ton specified in the law. From a terse and clear summing up of the Issue and decision, which we find in the New York Journal of Commerce, it appears that the court was prompt to hold that the act was unconstitu tional upon a Variety of grounds, and that It could not be sustained upon any of a number of theories ingeniously ad vanced by counsel for the company. At the beginning of Its opinion the court said: This taxation Is for no publlo purpose that It cap be upheld. There Is no power la the state to authorize a tax for private purposes. Taxes can bo levied only for public purposes to accomplish some government end. The Leg islature Is the mere creature ot an organlo law deriving all its power from the Constitution. . . . It cannot take the property or A and rive It to B nor can It tax it for the benefit of B. Here is a private corporation now calling upon the state for a sum of money to aid U In carrying on a private business, most of which money, If paid, must come out of the pockets of people who aro not engaged In that business and Who have no intsrest In It Divers pleas of the bounty claimants were summarily set aside as Inade quate, The company's assertion that it would not have gone Into the business except for the proBpect of a bounty held out to it by the state; that it bad gone to great expense in reliance upon this promise, ahd that, for this reason, the honor and integrity of the state were involved In the matter, the court answers thus: "So the honor and in tegrity of the state might have become Involved under any other act, however unconstitutional, which the legislature might see fit to pass." It was held that .the law could not stand, even if no specific clause of the constitution could be found to which it was obnoxious. Upon this point the language of the court Is: We need not point out specifically any par ticular provision of the constitution which It Ylolatee, It Is old whether It comes within any of the express provisions of the constitu tion or not It Is not a law, but an act which attempts to take the property of one cltlsen and turn It over to. another. Under the ex press terms of tbe constitution private prop erty cannot be taken for private use, qVen with compensation, without the owner's con sent; nor can It be taken for puPUo use with out just compensation. There Is no claim here, nor can any be made, that these taxes thus Imposed under the act are for any public use; nor could the state Itself carry on such a business. To the general argument that the business was a worthy one .giving large employment to labor, and that its en? couragement would redound to the gen eral welfare of the state, the court's answer was that all honest occupations are honorable and worthy of encour agement, but that the state could have no favorites; that It would be mani festly unjust to take from some and give to others; that if an equal amount were taken from each and returned to it the result would be null and void, and finally, whenever, bounties had been allowed to be given at all, it always had been found that they went in the long run to the richest and most pow erful, and never to those most deserv ing or most in need of them. The general principle involved in this decision Is sound and salutary. Never theless, circumstances arise when rules so plainly wise and just are broken by common consent for promotion of the general welfare, and in recognition of the Inability of private interests to do the work in which the state's aid is sought to be enlisted. Taxation pays bounties in Oregon on scalps of preda tory animals, and we tax everybody to preserve the sajmon In the Columbia for the salmon canner. In New Trk State, people who never eat venison pay large aggregate taxes to keep deer from being exterminated. It is doubt ful, however, if bounties are needed by beetgrowers or sugar-makers any more than subsidies are needed by our pros perous shipbuilders. DECISIVE, PUT ITCHQUE- For reasons that to the non-progressive red man were good and sufficient. Joseph, the Nez Perce, recently asked that he and the remnant of his tribe be allowed to resume possession of his and their ancestral hunting grounds in Wallowa Valley, in the Eastern sec tion of this state. "It was theirs by right of inheritance and possession"; ""they were homesick and pining for their native air"; "no place i3 or ever can be to them what this peaceful mountain-locked valley is and was"; "Joseph himself Is getting old, and would fain pass his remaining days among his boyhood's haunts." These and similar reasons of the sentimental sort were urged by the chief in support of his request that the Government re store to him his ancient domain and allow him to remove bis people thither from their present location on the Coli ville reservation. In that (air and compliant spirit that has distinguished the Government in its dealings in times of peace, with the Indians, inquiry into the matter was ordered, with a view to granting the request if It was found to be advisable. The annual report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs deals exhaustively wife tbft-iUMMW It b.9Wj!.p!alnly that uus request cannot De granted m jus- J ticc to the white settlers whose homos dot this valley and whose orchards and vineyards flourish -where under the sway of the Nez Perce nature held un disputed rule. The story of the occu pation and cultivation of the beautiful valley by the white man is told in the simple wqrds of the report: "Joseph's band woUld hardly now tfeuognlsS this valley as the one over which they roamed twenty-three years ago, "with an abundance of game in the moun tains and fish in the streams. The game has almost entirely disappeared, and the fish are fewer every year." To turn the tide of civilization, even in this limited area, back; to re-establish therein the beautiful wilderness, witb its waste of resources, is mani festly as impossible as undesirable. Neither is it, in the sense -of comfort or justice to the Nez Perces, necessary. They may be homesick, and this feel lnir Dosslblv the older Indians will never quite overcome. But their pres ent location Is well suited to their needs and to the younger generation that in a growth of nearly a quarter of a century constitute the body of the tribe, and such bone and sinew as it possesses, the Valley of the Nespellm, wherein their allotment of land lies s "home" In a civilized sense, which they show no desire to exchange for the state of wild ness and freedom from labor and its restraints, for which Joseph yearns with all the pathos of a strong, non progressive, savage spirit Whatever Joseph may be to senti mentalists upon the Indian problem, who discuss the characteristics ot the "noble red man" from afar off In spe cial sessions of the Indians' Rights So ciety, to the settlers of Wallowa Valley, who knew the chief at uncomfortably close range in the bloody Summer of 1877, he is no nero, but a cruel, murder ous savage, who, had he received his Just deserts, would not now be clam oring for a recognition of his "rights." In regard to the location of his earthly habitation. Stripped of all romance, the Government Inspectors who exam ined into his case find him a non-pro-gresslv, lazy Indian a clog upon tfie endeavor of the Government, which looks to the industrial advancement pf his people and an instigation of discon tent among them rather than a pro moter of their cpntentment and wel fare as human beings. The report Is Unique In that It unconsciously sup ports the doctrine of the survival of the fittest and makes- plain the Invinci bility of progress in an official docu ment TUntf ON THE GAS. A conspiracy to obtain fraudulent dl vorces has been exposed in New York City. These fraudulent divorces are made easy through the practice of ob taining a hearing before a referee, whom It was easy to deceive through perjured testimony and to obtain qui etly the desired report In favor of the plaintiff The proper check against this evil is to assign a Justice of the Su preme Court to hear divorce cases only, and to make a rule that no divorce case shall be sent to referee, but shall be tried before a Judge of the Supreme Court In open court. The practice of sending such cases to referees is to avoid publicity and to shield defend ants from notoriety. It Is argued that because the testimony Is often not fit for publication the divorce court should be compelled to alt with closed doors, and that newspapers should not print any more than a paje, vague, ambigu ous report of the trial, Able Jurists an swer that the only sure preventive of fraudulent lega. proceedings Is public ity; that publicity Is the one sure safe guard against Imposture, Some clerics have gone so far as to argue that "so Jong as the Bins and faults of women are put before the public by the printed records of di vorce trials, so lopg will married life appear to many men a failure," This (s absurd, lor If It means anything it means that ignorance Is the only path way to marital life. The man who would turn cynic and womtin-hater by reading the records of a divorce oourt would be as big a fool a s. woman who would turn cynic and man-hater when she read the announcement of some "good man gone wrony" who had embezzled trust funds, picked a pocket, committed burglary, adultury or per jury. A man who would distrust all men and all women because some men and some women go wrong Is not fit to marry. He is too cheap and shallow a cynic to adorn the married state, if he loses faith In human nature because the records of courts prove that both men and women are fallible and some times go wrong. We need not worry over the man or woman who Is afraid to trust anybody because somebody goes wrong. You might as we! argue that the apostles were a bad lot because one of the twelve sold his master or because Peter denied him thrice. Ig norance is not a desirable state of Inno cence; knowledge of the possible abuses of the married state are no reason for not entering it with a high purpose to adorn it Men or women, ffiio are made cynics by the knowledge of both good and evil, who have po faith in any body because somebody has proved faithless, are not fit to marry; they are too suspicious and shallow-minded to make a happy marriage possible. Divorce courts ore like all other courts. They, serve to remind us that human nature is weak and that men and women are sub'ject to failure and to fall. But a man who would lose his faith In womanhood because of the rec ords of divorce trials would distrust the mother that bore him or the sister that was the playmate of his chHdhopd. it is a fortunate girl who loses a fellow who has no faith in human nature; and a wise man does not forget that true marriages never trouble the courts, and When they are not true marriages they ought to trouble the courts, Let us know both good and evil, the weakness and the strength of human nature, but let us not argue that ignor ance is a desirable kind of innocence. The man who has no faith in marriage or in any woman because marriage is sometimes a deplorable failure, is as absurd and cheap a creature as a man who would repudiate the ethics and principles of Christianity because he had read of a clergyman going wrong or of frightful crimes committed In the name of religion. Turn on the gas in all divorce trials. The realistic, repul sive details of the testimony given no more corrrupts the purity of society than the spectacle of a squeaking, gib bering ghoBt of, drqnken manhood tempts anybody, young1 or old, to drink to excess. The guilty party to a di vorce suit does not enjoy publicity and notoriety for his misconduct, and, be cause he does not, ? eeks. to escape open- J air justice tor his shame. This kind of folk do- not like the humiliation that falls upon them when the press turns on the gas Upon their moral nudity by the publication ot a truthful -court re port. The repulsive details, tbe expos ure of the. guilty to ridicule and satire of the whole country, -are not a tempta tion to Impurity, but a solemn warning to those who take no higher view of Bin than the conviction' that it is a sin to be found out and branded in the courts wltbthe scarlet letter. The wie and virtuous will never be hurt by open trials for divorce. The weak will be instructed that notoriety and pub llclty are among the penalties of wrong doing, Sudden death comes with a shock to the friends of the man or woman who iquietly and without pain surrenders life In answer to an unexpected sum mons. For this reason alone a selfish reason at best may the prayer for de liverance therefrom be sincerely voiced. Certainly no one could ask for himself fi more pleasing transition from the lfe known to life hoped for than that which Is accompanied by the sweet strains of church music, voiced by the words of a familiar hymn breathing of Immortality. In this view the sudden and painless death In the First Pres byterian Church Sunday evening of an estimable woman, who had passed the allotted measure of three score years and ten, was fcn event not shock ing in its nature, but imposing in its gentle and solemn fitness. Truly does he silhouette himself who, a Jefferson Democrat, would assault the judgment of the people by dubbing them fools because they did not elect a particular candidate. The majority is ttll-wlse In Jeffersonlanlsm, con do no wrong. But members of a party which boasts of Its dose alliance with the people and with the precepts of a sacred dogma, now turn upon the peo ple and call them fools. Where Is free sliver 'when the majority spurns It as malicious? How can expansion be wrong when the majority favors it? The harmony between Democracy and the doctrine of Its sire is not so heav enly that It Is without discord. The announcement of the death of Martin Irons at Houston, Tex., recalls for the first time In many years the fact that a man of that name ever lived. A labor leader of the anarchistic order, he made his quota of trouble for hon est labor and legitimate Investment a dozen or fifteen years ago. Such men! run their course swiftly, and drop out of sight legitimate labor organizations sloughing them ,oft as a healthy body sloughs off a pestilent humor In the blood. Irons was disposed of in this way, and has beet dead to the publlo knowledge and fortunately to mischief for many years. A sharp breath of Winter Indicative of what, according to that veracious in dividual, the "oldest inhabitant," de clares to be In store for us, came whist, ling in from the northwest Sunday af ternoon. It was warmed somewhat be fore it reached Portland, and there is hope that the snow will pass off without damage to the chrysan themumSj cosmos, dahlias, fuchsias and other dooryard flowers that hold out bravo promise of gay bouquets and plenty of them for Thanksgiving din ner tables. Christian Scientists profess to ban ish disease. They seem able to banish jlfe, which Is quite as great an achieve ment as the other, For If djsease Is .a mere fiction of the mind, so is our whole existences Life is a long catalogue of subjectlves. Hot and cold, blue and red, round and square, p&ln and com fort, disease and health, all are dlspo sltjons of .the mind. In so far, there-, fore, ad healers overcome life, theirs Is a signal triumph of transcendentalism. Antl-Yaoclnatlonlsts who make light of the ancient ravages of the smallpox ought to read what Macaulay says of It In describing the death of Queen Mary II, wife of William III, by small pox, in December, l$9i. Macaulay writes; That disease, over which science has since achieved a sucessBlon of glor'og a d benencent victories, was men ;ne most terrible of all the ministers of death The sma ipex w&H always present, filling the cjiurchjafds with corpses, tormenttns with constant ftes those whom It had not stricken, wearing on those whose lives had shared tho hideous traces of Its porrer, turning- the bfibe into a chansellns, at which the mother shuddered, and mak; ng- eyes pnd cheeks of the betrothed maiden objects of hor ror to the lover. The investment in Bryan: Northern sta-ts. car- Ncrthem i rlid by CUieiacd in riedbym lM)2s Colorado California Nevada Connecticut Idaho Delaware Montana HUnoU Indiana New J rssy New York North lakoia Washlnfctpn Wisconsin A curious anomaly is exhibited by certain journals which now explain Bryan's defeat by saying he was wrong. Yet they supported him and all he stood for. Was he wrong because they favored him, or were they wrong be cause they have just Waked up? Sidewheelers In Open Sea. New York Times. When the .steamer Portland, in Novem ber, of 1S98, was lost off Cape Cod, every body on board of her was drowped, and Jt was therefore possible only to guess at the details of the disaster. The guesses made at the time, however, were almost cer tainly correct, and a particularly strong reason for thinking so Is the fact that just what was supposed to Oiave happened to the Portland the survivors of the City of Monticello now tell us did happen to that vessel. In all essential respects a duplicate of the Portland, when cruel fate carried her Into similar conditions of wind and Water. Both were side-wheel Steam ers of considerable age, and both were run over routes more than ordinarily dan- gerous, not because of special adaptation for such service, but simply because the nature ot the traffic, passepgor and freight, was such as to permit the employment In It of vessels of a type too antiquated to hold their own n the fierce competition between' Important ports. In other days, when all steamers were side-wheelers, 6f course they were considered safe enough for use anywhere, and both the 1 inconveniences and the perils Incidental to construction like theirs were Ignored. for the sufficient reason that there was nothing better or safer available- But that has not been true for years more thap a few, and today steamers with side wheels are used here and there for open sea service with a full knowledge that the Jives and property intrusted to them ore subject to avoidable "dangers. It la easier to -understand than to approve the motives of their owners. They do not want to sell for old iron and firewood vessels thai, are still fctanch enough o fcring in soma tt turn for invested capital. With moderate good luck, the old-time craft make their way up and down the eoagt, and even longer voyages, about -as well as better steamers, but wnen tne moment or ex tremo trial comes they sink wbea-tb oth- ers rema a afloat iiodern stealers of the best typs are no. te;ten to p eces in deep water, no matter, how high the waves ,may be. ' It can fairly be asked, there- ibre, whether the slae-woeeiers sun left are to be used: until they meet, one by one, the fate of the Portland and the City of Monticello? - r - TWP JOOCDS 4?P PROMOTERS. But Bryan, of Coarse, Could Jfot Dia crimlnate Betrreen Them. Chicago Tribune, During the last few years the "pro motet" has been conspicuous in this country. Some of the men engaged in this comparatively new industry have made much money and have been much abused. Nobody has praised their work; the majority have condemned it unspar ingly, In the current number of the Journal of Economics there is an article on "trusts' by Professor Jenks, of Cornell University. In that article he explains clearly tbe difference between useful and harmful promoters. He does not indis criminately censure all of them, nor does he begrudge those who are deserving the large rewards they have sometimes reaped. If by tbe promoter is meant a man who takes charge of the details ot organiza tion of a great business and places Its stock upon the market when industrial conditions are such that the corporation comes naturally into existence, then, says Professor Jenks, "tbe work of such a man is a necessity and of clear benefit to the community." His reward should not be proportionate to tbe length ot time given up to the work, but be estimated somewhat in proportion to the import ance of the service rendered. Where a large business is organized un der a single skilled executive head or where several small establishments are united under one competent management, there Is a saving of energy, or a better direction of productive energy, which les sens the cost of production, and henoe benefits the community. The promoter Of such a consolidation has performed a useful work. The promoters who organ ize combinations when the situation does not gall for them are bad promoters The services of these individuals in the organ ization of many of the later Industrial combinations In the United States, "In stead of being an industrial benefit have been a most serious damage." Many ot them nave made considerable sums, but they have done so at the expense of the credulous publlo which bought thB shares given to the promoters as a reward for the labor performed by them In organ izing new companies which never should have been organized, and which may have to be reorganized soon, The distinction between the good and the bad promoter drawn by Professor Jenks ls plain and sound. But If Mr. Bryan were asked about the matter, he would say promptly that there can be no good promoters and no good combina tions. Commercial Integrity, International Journal of Ethics Great license Is undoubtedly taken by many buslneas men in giving In .taxes. In this and other matters a business man Is expeoted to have, in addition to his real conscience, a commercial one. This, I confess, Is bad. The operation of a commercial conscience In such matters lowers one's moral standing. Some existing business conditions do tend to destroy a fine sense of honor, and to neutralize the effect of other agencies for good. This class Of busi ness, however, is, as a rule, avoided by the large business houses. Among the bankers, who some politi cians have denounced In the most un mitigated terms, tvo find high examples of integrity and honor. The small bank era or usurers of former years have been jrucceedsd by men of the highest standards who can bo trusted. They have advanced, while statesmen appear to have degenerated Into political dema gogues. The fanner has been mistakenly held up as the best example of honor. His en vironments are such that he does not come In touch with the public and have 'the same opportunity for moral advance men as other classes. Mechanics and other skilled workmen are recognized generally by men who understand such matters as being very muoh superior to the farmer In moral perception, From what I haVe said It may be In ferred that business men are not honest becau&o it pays to be honest. Well, it does pay to be honest, and we cannot gainsay the fact Yet a business man, if he l built Dn the right plari, sees the eter nal fitness of things and recognizes those higher laws which he may not profess to define, but nevertheless firmly belleVes in HU environment and training do not blunt, but, on the contrary, keenly sharp en his perception of right and wrong, and he must transact his business ip accord ance with It In order to maintain his self- respect. 'He Is Impelled to deal correctly and to be honeatt solely because It Is right to do so, which, from my point of view, la the highest motive that can actuate a rotvn. J have heard the statement made that mercantile training engenders mercenary motives, that It makes the general aim in life of a business man mere money-getting. My experience among business men with whom I associate Is a poslttlve and absolute refutation of this statement. Two Good Secretaries New York Evening Post. President McKlnley Is ending his first term with a much better Cablnqt than he had at the beginning. He was un doubtedly hampered at the start by the necessity of giving places to men who would not otherwise have been considered, but who had "claims" which It was thought could not be denied. The best selection was that of Mr. Gage for the Treasury Department. He has made mis takes, it is true, during his incumbency, but they have been political, not finan cial. H has beep a wise and conserva tive Secretary, who commands tho confi dence of the business community. The present head of the State Department is a man In whom the Nation has great confidence. No public man has made such rapid progress in public esteem during the past twp years as Mr. Hay. Changes will doubtless occur in the Cabinet dur ing Mr. McKlnley's second term, but It Is earnestly to be hoped that they need not affect either the Treasury or the State Department. . 'Was Mr. Hermann Premature? Pendleton Tribune. Binger Hermann, Commissioner of the General Land Office, Js so sure that he will be the next Senator from Oregon that he has notified President McKlnley that he will retire from his present office within the next three mopths. Binger has been a very good Congressman and a very capable Land Commissioner,, but he Is not tho only Senatorial pebble on the Oregon beach. In fact, there are others. Senator McBrlde has not altogether retired from political business t nor has ex-Senator MltohelL Last, but not least, there Is ex Senator Henry "W. Corbett, of Portland. Mr. Corbett is ripe In years, but also In stalwart Republicanism and statecraft, and we would advise our friend, Binger Hermann, not to be In a hurry to throw up his present official Job at last not until Mr, Corbett pulls put of, the race. . i e Greece a Land C Earthcioal; Youth's Companion. It is with some surprise that one reads in a recent report of the director of tho National Observatory at Athens that, tak ing area into account, earthquakes are about twice as frequent In Greece as they are in Japan, The latter country has ' usually bee"n looked upon as par excqU lence the land of earthquakes. It would appear that It? earthqua.Hts are, upon the Whole, more severe than tho8e Jn Qr?ece although, tne great arcnueciuroi monu- mertts of Greece have suffered much from seismic disturbances. WHY SHIPS COME TO PORTLAND Te Tacoma ledger has hsd but little to say about the delays of ships in the Columbia since the last fleet of grain ships were Weatherbound for two weeks on Puget Sound. On the supposition that the matter had been forgotten, however, it broke loose again last Saturday with the following; Portland has trouble in Its endeavors to maintain Its prestige as a shipping port. Mas ters ot vessels which have touched at Port land do not hesitate to voice their complaints In emphaUc terms. The latest ship to have trouble In trying- to gxt out Of Portland Is the Norwefftan eteamer Berenhus. whleb left Portland last Tuesday morninz for down the river. 'Since then she has been eacounterier a succession of dangejou ehoals in the river. She spent some time at Columbia. City, and by Judicious worMns of the tldas may ultimately be able to set out of the river In safety. She records another chapter In Portland's en deavors to be a seaport. The feergenhu? arrived In at Astoria November 9 and reached Portland the ?ame day. She loaded oyer 2000 tons of cargo in this city, which, with that al ready aboard, made a total of over 6009 tons. With the usual quick dispatch which makes Portland a much, more de sirable port than Tacoma, the steamer was loaded, coaled and ready for sea four days after reaching port. She left down the river November IS, and went through to Astoria without touching bottom any where on the route. A thick fog which prevailed last week necessitated anchor. lng over' night and part of one day, but in spite of this delay, which occurs on Puget Sound just as it does on the Colum bia, the ship was out over the bar and well clear of the land on her way to the Orient less than 43 hours after leaving Portland harbor, and but five days and 20 hours after entering the river for her cargo, The Bergenhus is still going, and will reach the Orient in due season with no expense to the underwriters and no loss to the shippers. Things are different on Pu get SoUnd. The British steamship Duke of Fife sailed from Tacoma October 2T, with a cargo for the Orient. She Is a new vessel, stanchly built, and rated 100 Al in Lloyds, but she no sooner poked her nose out past the protection of Capo Flattery than she was picked up and slammed around by the gales and neaji which have made that locality dreaded by shipmasters from all over the world. The good ship made a strong fight, but It was soon over. Plates were sprung, rivet? broken, and the entire frame strained to such an extent that the water cams pouring in from a hundrod leaks. Power ful pumps kept the ship afloat, and on November 5 she drifted back to Victoria, with six feet of water In the hold and a hundred thousand dollars' worth of cargo practically ruined by salt water. Jfcier passengers took another ship, the cargo was discharged, and the steamer put in the dry dock, where, at f.n expense of several thousand dollars, temporary re pair were made, which enabled her to take on part of the cargo which was not ruined and proceed to the Orient, wHere permanent repairs will be made. She sailed again November 13, after a loss of 17 days. Last Thursday the Bteamer Robert Dol lar, coal-laden for San Francisco, met with a similar experlenoe off Cape Flat tery, but being a smaller vessel she es caped with nothing worse than a dam aged ateamplpe, which necessitated her putting into tho Columbia River to re pair damages. Her loss in time and re pairs wlU probably not exceed J100O. As It was a fog which caused the slight delay to the Bergenhus, which has af fected the Ledger so seriously, it la, at J cpurse, permissible to mention some or the disasters due to fog on Puget Sound which have boen reported within the past fortnight. The Canadian Pacific's Royal Mall steamship, Empress of Japan, on the morning of November 6, crashed into the American bark Abbey Palmer, dur ing a thick fog, and when they got clear of each other and drifted back to Vic toria and Port Townsend, respectively, the underwriters were losers to the ex tent of about ?100,OOQ, through the re sultant damage, while shopowners, ship pers and passengers were indirectly losers by a large amount. H?re 13 approxi mately what Puget Sound shipping has copt the underwriters in tho past three weeksi Steamship Duke of Flf W.00O Steamship Bmpress ot Japan........... 08 000 Bark Abbey Palmer ..,f. Bo.JWO Steamer Itobert Dollar .,, 1,000 Total , 118,000 The delay of the Bergenhus, which was the only steamer from Portland that ex. nerlenced any delay, cost the underwriters ftothlng, Another point which the Ledger over looked In Its latest yarn is the fact that tho steamship Norman Isles came to Poru land last week from Tacoma to load a full cargo of lumber, and the Norwegian steamship Hvarven will leave ruget Sound tomorrow for Portland to load a full cargo of flour. Bo Jopg as ship owners and business men find Portland a sufficiently attractive port to send their vessels here in ballast from Tacoma and Seattle, Portland will experience no vast amount of "trouble in its endeavors to maintain Its prestige as a shipping port." Another "chapter n Portland's endeavor to be a seaport' can bo found in somo figures compiled by the Bureau of Statis tics and printed In another column. They show that or the first 10 months of the calendar year Portland has shipped 3,300,000 bushels more wheat tnan warf shipped in a corresponding period last year, while during the "Jams period this year Tacoma and Seattle combined shipped but TT51 bushels more than they shipped in" the first 10 months of 1S99. Portland has advanced from sixth to fifth place in the list of American wheat ablpplng ports, while Pugat Sound has re mained stationai-y in plntn place. Poor old Portland 1 hi i ' PLBASAKTRIES OT FAnAGHAFHEItS His Becommendatlon. She Would you rec ommend any particular method pf learning golfT He Decidedly 1 Coeducation. Puck. Much the Same, Mrs. JIayseed Did you go to bear the howling Dervishes while you were in the city? Mr, Hayseed No,, b;t I went to Coqsln Miranda's, and she's got twins. New York Weekly. Natural Consequence. "la my dinner never comlngf roared tho King ot Mbpwka. "Your puissant highness will remember," murmured the slave with his face In tbe dust, "that you ordered one of those mesfepger boys." Jn dlanapolts Press. Mrs; Cannaford-sTes, it is a really blgh class rchool. Teddy is learning Latin and Greek, Babylonian art, and prehistoric grada tions. Mrs. Pick But do you think they wlil be usefult "Useful! Thank heaven, we haven't come down to that yet." Life. VUd Do It Zlrst Asklt-rWhat Is your un dersUndinc of the Golden HuIeT Dees it mean, t'Bo upte others as you would like' to be done by"T Blzqtss No; var interpreta tion is, "Do unto others as you would e likely to b done by." Philadelphia Prom, Old llcores, 'That MJss Oldbam appears to live completely la the past. Suoh a quaint body! Really, she seems to have- been lifted out of the eighteenth century and set into (hta one without her consent." Tts, I nel4 " the other day. She asked me If X thought Te Man "With the Hoe' would last as a penaaseat addition to our literature." Chicago Ttoes- JjScralO. . . KOTE AND C0HHENT41 Did any one say beautiful snow? Oh. we don't know, lt'saot sq warm. You ought fo have bought that coal Ion ago. -, " This was the way the weather seemed to the Democracy November 6. The first thing a professional thleC learns to take Is long chances. The biggest fake ot tongue crpen " Is, "Aguinaldo's dead again" All Colorado needs is to disfranchise negro voters to gain admittance into the Solid South. ' A certain Nebraska statesman will new astonish the world with a lightning dis appearance act. 4 i Tbe election cigars will in all be smoked up, and it will be saf t to breathe again In public. Probably the next man to att ipt to as sassinate the President will that he did It to pay an election bet. Now doth the festive Semocra Wax very much surprised. To think that he so muchly ne To be reorganized. The Sultan of Turkey is going t buy an automobile. That will oblige U&le Sam to buy a faster one for the man 1,9 sends to collect that t3O,O0O. If Count de Castellane lacks opportu nity to spend his relations' money,1 he ought to go to Montana and succeed Mr cua Daly as a Senatorial candidate," The first foreign vessel, aayw the Phlla delphla Record, to salute the new United States battleship Alabama, which Is lying at anchor off Cramps' shipyard, was the Spanish steamship Irurak Bat, which ar rived the day before from Bilbao, Spain, loaded with iron ore. It was pleasant to see, after tbe recent war with Spain, the vesael dip her colore to tbe big Alabama as she passed on tier way to Port Rloh mond wharves. The warship did not re turn the salute, of course, according to the rule In the various navies not to dip colors to merchant vessels, as too much time would be taken up in observing the practice. But the incident was put down as one of Importance in the history of the new worship. A Blarney Castle tory, involving a pretty little Irish, girl, is being told in Dublin. Several visitors were exploring the famous castle, and on reaching the top became somewhat nervous -owing to the great height. Presently a young man appeared, and. being a stranger, asked to have the real Blarney stone pointed out to him that he might follow the ancient custom and kiss the ancient relic. The process of kissing the stone Is rather a dangerous one, and tbe young woman, in her nervous state, not caring to have the feat attempted in her presence, ex claimed: "Oh! please don't kiss the stone while I am here." The stranger, It la hinted, politely acceded to her request, but not exactly in the way she meant. The Oregonlan is asked to reradnstrete against the numerous movable billboards with which the various theaters so liber ally ornament the streets In the busintsa part of the city every Saturday night and Sunday. It is complained that they aro blown into the streets and some, of them are Jiroken up and Jha fragments lie around with sharp wlre nails sticking up, convenient for any one to tread upon and gef the lockjaw. It does seem as if some of the bill distributers were Inclined to take a foot if allowed an Inch, and that there is no necessity for so many of these billboards, a half dozen or more of which are seen in clusters in many places, but it is not likely that any remonstrance from The Oregonlan or from any one else would have any effect unless the pqllce or the proper official, whoever he may bo, takes some action In the matter. A down-town market man has for some time had a pair of fox-tailed gray squir rels in a compartment, where, with abun dance to eat, plenty of straw for bedding, and a large wheel o revolve for exer cise, they fiave passed their days in comfort and content. A short time ago a muskrat, for want of other accommoda tions, was placed in the compartment with the squirrels, and now they begin to reallae something of the strenuousness of life, in competition. When the squlr--yels are amusing themselves In their merry-go-round wheel, the muskrat, In tent on his own comfort only, takes, steals and carries away all the straw In the compartment and collects it beneath tha wheel, where he has located his hest. Then the squirrels have to steal it away from him, or sleep on the bare boards. This occupies all their spare time, and when it is once dose- Jt ha to be done pver again. As the uruskrat does not speak the squirrel language there la ho hope, of an understanding being arrived at between them, and they will go dn threshing over this old traw till It or they are worn out. ... n 1 1 1 11 1 What the Dollar poem. Baltimore News, I I may so to man. Mallndy. when fl huakin.' work am done, ...., V7U song of honeylub to ebeer her, byrt I may tell her of de pumpkins lollln yaller la do sua I And da golden ears of corn upon oe cyort--But sap neber smllo sosw eety. And she neber dance so neatly, And her eyes dey nebed twinkle la dere glee, Lafc dey do when Pse got meney, An' I tell her she's mah honey-' pen d" shaddeja. frum; de cabin Up an' fleel Twill be frosty In de mawnln', an de rabbit make his track. Twill be possum time, and BwlnghV down de hlli; 1 I may bring de fattest feller hansln heavy on jnah bask. An' call her fer to 'xamlne of mah kill Biit she'll tu'n W bd & ' 1 An she won't have raueh to say, An' she fussy, an' she grumpy, an she queer Hut when I rattle money, Den she ebonely am mah honey, An' her smile lest Bit de cabin wt Its cheerl Went an' won a turkey gobble at de raffle down de road. An' I tuk him home In trlumz Jest' to see How dem eyes of mah Mallndy wld daro rap ture would 'xplode, i But she only gabe a ouy'ous glaao, at me. Neber chuekled at de feonab Dat my loh hod brought upon huh; Ain't nothln' fer Mallndy I ean do At Will Wt her eyes to flaihln'. An' her HP in Jaoghln' puhlen, lAk - de dollah wl( de sunlight fflasbla' through I If s da sunlight of de dollah dat aan' turn ds eabln walls Into jasper-tike de castle of a Klngf An' ean wake Mallndy's laughters hit' 4e sperrlt, sab, dat ealls Her hyart upon her honey.llps to sing I Hit ean scare de gloom completely. Hit can set her daneln' neatly, Hit can roaV,' her nlaok eye? twinkle wlf dere cleft An It's wtjen,! hrjpj her nsfney, r An' I tell her she's mah henty, Dat de efeadders dey jeat rise' right 19 aa fieet