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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1900)
C V THE MQRNING- "OREGONIAN, MONDAY 'SEPTEMBER 24, 1900. r'V mmmXmm IRBETTERSTREETS Taxpayers' League Considers the Question. ADVOCATES CHANGE OF METHOD Present System Entirely .Insdeqaatc to the Keeds of Portland Ex perience of Otker -Cities. The Taxpayers League of Portland is becoming' deeply interested in the present policy of improving and maintaining the street pavements of the city, and the unsatisfactory results of the system Which has been, and is now, in voerue, has impressed them -with the necessity of -. radical change. An effort will there- tor be made to have the laws regu lating' these matters so amended as to make Portland, in this respect, the equal of the best governed cities of the coun try. "With this purpose In Tlew, the Tax payers' League -some lime ago asked City Engineer William B. Chase to furnish them with statistics and general infor mation showing the methods adopted by the most progressive cities in the United States, together with such suggestions as practical application and subsequent experience may have made pertinent. In acquiring this information, Mr. Chase "wrote to the City .Engineers of over 100 cities having a population of not less than 40,000. requesting detailed data on the sub- Ject of street improvements. He re ceived answers from 79 cities, which were carefully classified -and arranged in tab ular form, before being submitted to the Taxpayers' Xeague. Tou will notice," says Engineer Chase, laahls report to the League, "that in some cf the -Eastern, and in nearly all of the New England, cities, the city govern ments have entire control over the paving oC the streets, and that the property owners, while they can petition and rec--otnmend'theTdnd of pavement they would prefer, and while their, wishes are no doubt generally considered, have legally no toIco in the matter; as all such Im provements are ordered by the Common Councils and paid lor out of the general funds. In most of. the others, especially tbe newer cities, the pavements are con Crneted In accordance "with petitions of 'the property-owners, and the costs as Jeeesed to the abutting property very fetmihrr to the provisions of our own city djcrier. HX&trttemance. "As to the maintenance of the street .-pavements, the great majority of the Cities keep the pavements in repair out of the general .funds, until they are worn out and new ones are required, which new pavements are then assessed to the abutting property. This seems to be a fair .and equitable plan, for, while it is undoubtedly just that the owners should Improve and pave the streets In front of thelr respective properties (they receiving the most direct and immediate benefits Of such improvements), the citizens at large, who are constantly using the etreets and wearing out the pavements, should, by general taxation, maintain them and keep them in repair. But 'WbSle considering this subject, we must Jliot lose sight of the fact that any ad ditional burden imposed upon the general fund will result in increased taxation." The League committee on streets, after close consideration of the information compiled by the City Engineer, has sub mitted the following report which con tains its recommendations and a digest of the collected datat Courses of Procedure. "Under the present charter of the City of Portland, there are two courses of procedure that may be followed for the Improvement of streets: "The first, and the one under which most of our streets are improved, is by petition to the Common Council of the owner or owners of a majority of the adjacent property. "The second Is by the Common Coun cil direct, without petition, whenever the public interest or convenience may re quire it, but a majority of the abutting property may object to such improve ment by the Common Council, and such remonstrance is a bar to further pro ceedings for a period of six months (Sec tion 129, Charter). However, whenever &ny street becomes Impassable, unsafe or dangerous, the Council may, by resolu tion, cause the improvement of such street to be made and no remonstrance shall be heard thereto (Section 158. Char ter). "Under both methods of Improvement, Che cost of the improvement Is assessed en toe abutting property, except in cer tain cases where BO per cent of the cost ct elevated roadways and bridges Is Dorne by all the property liable for the oost of the street Improvement (Section JSS, last paragraph. Charter). In no case does the city bear any part of the cost 9t the Improvement of the street, except Where It owns property abutting the im provement. "All repairs to streets are assessed on the adjacent property, but temporary re pairs may be made under the direction f the Board of Public "Works, and paid for out of the fund raised for the re ' pair of streets (Section 169, Charter). "By comparing the valuable statistics, attached hereto, oollected by Mr. Chase, CJlty Engineer, from 79 cities In the United States, of like or larger population than Portland, It will be seen that our methods of initiating street improvements are largely those of most cities of the Mid dle West, while most of the Eastern cities determine, without petition, the necessity of a street improvement and the kind of pavement to be laid. How ever, as a general rule, where the abut ting property Is assessed for improve ments, the street is Improved on peti tion; whereas, where the city at large bears ;the cost, of the Improvement, the kind and manner of the improvement is decided by the Council or Board of Pub lic Works. "For instance, in Alleghany, Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Columbus, O.; De troit. "Dubuque, Duluth, Erie, Harrisburg, jlndianapolis, Kansas City, Knoxville, Milwaukee, Minneapolis. Peoria, Pitts burg. Pueblo, Quincy. Hi,; Rochester, Sag inaw, Scranton, Spokane. St. Joseph, Sy racuse and Buffalo, petitions are received and, in the main, the cost is borne by the abutting property. However, in many of the above-named cities the cost of the Intersections of streets as paid for by the city, and In some cases a cer- tain small percentage of the entire cost of the improvement is also borne by the ' oity at large. On the other hand, in Cambridge, Mass.; Charleston, S. C; Elmira, Fall River, Fort Wayne, Galveston, Holyoke, Mass.; Houston, Lowell, Mass.; New Bed ford, New Haven, Providence, R. I.; Port land, Me.; Beading, Sommervllle, Mass.; Springfield. Mass.; Waterbury, Conn., and Wilmington, Del., the entire cost of a street improvement is borne by the city, and, though petitions of the property owners may be presented, in most cases the city authorities determine the neces sity and kind of improvement. Hepitirii. "In the matter of street repairs, an ex amination of the statistics shows that only three cities, namely, Syracuse, N. T.; Springfield, O., and Portlandr Or., require the abutting property to keep the street in repair," and that in the other 7B cities the city at large cares for the repairs; in some cases, forever; in other cases for ft specified time, or for the life of the pavement or "until a new pavement is required. "Such a preponderance of testimony against the obsolete policy pursued In Portland of having the abutting property pay for the repair of a street, simply emphasises the fact, patent to any one. that the abutting property does not, and will not, keep a street In repair. Conse ueptly, we fcaye the example before vs on every street In Portland, of a street, once Improved, left to take carfc of it e f. and rapidly going to plcc. s for want -of a little, da;ly care and attention. 'A stitc.-. in time -saves nine' Is as true of a street as of anything else, and, until we arrhe at fiime method of constant repair, we can keep on improving streets till dooms day, and yet never have a dozen well Improved streets in the city at one tlm. True, under section 179 of the chnrrer, the Council may authorize the repair oi a street and access the cost of the repair on the abutting property, but fancy the storm of abue the Council would raise should It, at its .next session, exercise such authority and order all the streets needing repair put in order at the ex pense of the abutting property? The cry raised now against the vehicle tax and blanket license, compared to the howl such an order would cause, Is like n Summer zephyr compared to the hurri cane at Galveston. The average property holder feels that he has done his duty when, at his own expense, he provides the" street for every one to use. Where Charter Is Wealc. "In a feeble fashion, the present char- J ter aims to have the city care for the repair of streets, and for that purposn sets aside one-fourth of a 'mill out of the 8-mlll levy- On the present levy of $27,000,000, this amounts to the magnifi cent sum of 56730. There are 200 miles of streets in Portland, of which nearly eight miles are elevated roadways and bridges, requiring constant care and expense, and it needs but little reflection to see how utterly Inadequate a one-fourth of a mill levy is to provide the means for the re pair of our streets. The, county last year levied a 2-mlll road tax, and by thls means raised about ?63,O0O to expand on the county roads. Of this, $34,003 was contributed by the City of Portland, of which a small portion was expended on the county roads within the city limits. Think of the incongruity! The people of Portland gave the County Commissioners $54,000 to expend on the Improvement and repair of 400 miles of county roads throughout Multnomah County, and re served for themselves the munificent sum of $6750 to keep in repair the 200 miles of streets within the city limits, over which daily there is more travel than there is over the county roads In a year. For the eltizen who is aiming to cut down expenses by lopping off a few hun dred dollars from the salaries of our city officials, there is much food for reflection in the above stated facts. And, whlln digesting these facts, he might also con sider that, on the recommendation of the majority of the School Board, the taxpay ers" of this district voted last January a special levy of 4.8 mills for school pur poses. In addition to the regular levy of 5 mills, whereas an S-mlll levy, together with what revenue may be obtained from licenses, has to cover all the cost of main taining the city government, including fire and police protection, lighting the city, and Interest on past extravagances. "Without doubt, the city jghould have $30000 to $40,000 now to expond on the maintenance of streets, In order to give the citizens streets that can be uspo. in safety, and not uch as are a disgrace to a country village, and that to every stranger who visits us are an adver tisement of our slothfulness "and want of civic pride. At present, a street Is Im proved, and at once all the heavy travel of the city -seeks It. until." before long, not being kept In repair; the street falls Into a worse condition of decay and rot- tenness than It was before the improve ment was made. The public-spirited citi zen who has urged his neighbors to join In the Improvement becomes dismayed at the short life of his street, and al the size of the levy on his property for the street improvement and. disheartened, falls back Into the great army of kick ers who vent their spleen on the con tractors and city officials, "who cannot build better streets,' forgetting that a fw" dollars spent In constant repair would hav kept his street in good condition for 20 years or more. Natural Advantages. "Nature has given Portland every ad vantage in the way of a city, a healthy site, beautiful surroundings, ample ma terials for street building, and a climate that will grow every kind of shade tree, but to drive a stranger about to view these advantages and the handsome homes and lawns lhat adorn the city, I to thump every bit of admiration out of him, and to send him away with the con viction, thoroughly hammered into his anatomy, that Portland Is the worst paved city in the Union. Instead of tak ing advantage of natural conditions, our laws seem to have been framed with a view to preventing and discouraging th making of good streets, or of maintaining them after they are made. "Another cause of damage Is the con stant tearing up of an Improved street to iay an underground wire, or to make a seweK or gas, or water pipe connection. This work should be entirely under the charge of the City Engineer, whose duty It should be to sec that the street Is put back in its original condition. At pres ent, a plumber gets a permit to dig up a street to make some connection, and, when through, throws back the dirt in almost any fashion, so that humps and depressions in the streets mark the course of residential improvements. "To conclude, your committee, believing that economy on the streets Is the dear--est extravagance In the end, and. starting with the premise that the whole secret of good streets is in the foundation and constant repair afterwards, have the fol lowing recommendations to make, viz.: "First Allow the adjacent property to petition for a street improvement, as at present, but give to the Council or Board of Public Works the power to decide on the manner and kind of street'to lo laid. Do not allow a street Improvement to amount to practically nothing, just be cause one or more property-owners hav their peculiar ideas as -to the kind and manner of laying it In Minneapolis, on all business streets, the city decides on the kind of pavement, and even though the petitioners might ask jfor it, the city would never allow a brick pavement to be laid on a business street without a solid foundation, as has been done here recently on Stark street. "Second Provide that the city keep the street in repair for a certain length of time after an Improvement is accepted, say for the life of the pavement, the life of the pavement to be considered to be as long as the annual cost of repair does not exceed the interest on the cost of a new street For example, say it costs $5000 to build a macadam street; then, so long as the annual cost ofre pair does not exceed 6 per cent on $5000 (or $300)), let the city pay for the repair. After the life of the pavement, so de termined, is ended, let the abutting prop erty pay for a new street A macadam street, so repaired, would last 31 years before the abutting property would be called upon for a new street "Third Provide a fund for repairs suffi cient to do the work properly by a direct levy of 1 mill on all the property In the city, aided by a tax on vehicles, when necessary. "Fourth Require a good concrete foun dation to be laid under all brick, asphalt, wooden or Belgian block pavements. "We do not recommend, but It might be. well, also, to consider the Justice of having the city pay for all intersections, and a certain proportion of the cost of each street improvement, especially where such Improvements include elevated road ways and br'dges, or AIIf for such road ways and bridges. In very many Eastern cities this poller is adopted. "Tour committee urge -on the members of the league a careful consideration of the matters here touched upon, and ask their co-operation In obtaining reme dial legislation nxt Winter on the l'nes laid down In this report." QUESTION FOR THE COURTS. Protert Asjralnst Method of Street As sessment. The present method of assessing lots for street Imprpvements may be contest ed In the courts. At a recent meeting pf the copjm'ttee on streets, the owners of property abutting an. East Side street, to improve which a petition had btfen tiled, protested that the present' method W..S lnequltible and unfair. Their writ ten proiebt, "which wa's submitted more as a remonstrance, without the requisite number of names to become effective, did not set forth the reasons J of their opposition, but it was' learned from their counsel that the method was considered generally unjust , Street Improvements, except at ln,ter sections, are paid for by abutting property-owners. A lot with a BO-foot front age Is charged with the improvement of half the street along the entire front of the lot. Intersections are paid for by lots lyirg in the four quarter blocks touch.ng the Intersection. As lots are laid off In Portland 60 feet wide and 100 feet long there would be two lots In a quar ter b'.ock. " The lot forming the corner of the block pays five-ninths of the lm-t provement of that quarter of the Inter section next to it, and the other lot pays four-ninths. If improvements are made through land not laid out into lots a sys tem of 'assessing the cost Is adopted that requires the property-owners for 100 feet from the street line to bear the cost. It will be observed from the foregoing that lots fronting a street must pay the full -cost of Improving half the street abutting. Suppose the route of the street runs for a distance over comparatively even ground, the surface of which Is taken as the street level. The slight cost of grading would be the extent of abutting property-owners' liability. Then suppose the street passed over a sharp spur or ridge, which the City Engineer decided would have to be cut heavily. The principal cost of improving this en tire street would be the excavating work In the cut, and the abutting lot-owners would have to pay for all the excavating work done in front of their property. Thus the owners on this . ridge -would have to bear the principal cost of Im proving the entire street. A deep cut In the ridge might be essential to the value of the street. The street might be opened for the purpose of tapping a district be- yond which travel would not go along the street unless It was properly im proved the full length. Property-owners might feel that their lots were consid erably enhanced In value by this In creased traffic, perhaps more so than by the mere opening o'f a street for egress and Ingress to such lots. The-ridge lot owners would have to bear the" burden of the Improvement and their property re ceive the same benefit as other lots along the street If the course of tthe street .crossed a deep gulch, instead 'of a ridge, the same disproportion of expense -woufd fall upon lots In the gulch. Boti down in the bot tom of Marquam Gulch would have to stand the cost of erecting the high trestle abutting. This rule prevails,, in the erec tion of elevated roadways unless they are over five blocks in lengths. Then M per cent may be assessed to all the prop" erty-owners liable for the improvement along the street, the remaining 50 per cent being charged to the abutting prop erty. The general advantage to aU property-owners along the-street of having the street opened cleaijJ through Is as great in the case of spinning a gulch as where the street, crosses a ridge. Owing to the temporary character of elevated roadways, as heretofore "built, the heavy burden thrown uppn abutting property-owners and the nsuai; low value of land "abutting such improvements, the city has adopted the policy of keeping Sin repair the substructure of some of these trestles and holding abutting property-owners liable for keeping the deck ing. This Is alter ifc Is constructed in the first instance. Often, a trestle span ning a .gulch Is the only crossing for a distance thereabout, find is usexT by a large number of persons that would cross at another street If a trestle were con structed there. It Is partly In recogni tion of this public use, and 'also that im provements may not result In practical confiscation of gulch property, that the citv shares ihe expense. The East; Portland men base their charge of injustice on these facts. They believe the total expense of Improving a street should be summed up, and then be equally proportioned among all property-owners affected. This would make the man holding a lot on a ridge or In a gulch liable' for no greater sum ac cording to his frontage than other property-owners. ' Against' this Is advanced the argument that r.'dge or gulch lots are purchased cheaper than the' lots located on ,level ground, and that the reduced price Is in consideration of these Inequalities. But the answer Is that the reduced purchase price is in consideration of the less de sirability cf the lots. -People do not ca're to build in a gulch where a suitable ele vation can be had without filling, and figure on filling up to a reasonable' level before building thereon. These edsts re main for the prospectlve"T)UlIdeis. after he has been assessed for street improve ments. The East S'.de owners objecting Insist that the natural undeslrabllity of property fully accounts for its lesser mancet value, and that heavier charges for street Improvements- are doubly wrong In burdening lower valued prop erty with greater taxes than are. borne by the higher. There Is another feature In the meth od of procedure for having streets lm poved, or remonstrating against It, that has received considerable attention and may get into the courts, although not Involved In the above question. By the present ordinance there are lots assessed for street improvemn's that cannot re monstrate. In stating who can petition for on improvement theordlnanee speci fies that one-half of the property for a distance of 10) feet from the street line can sign the petition. In stating, who can remonstrate, the privilege is given only to abutting property-owners. When lots 55x105 feet are la'd out In a block at each corner, there must be one lot lengthwise of one of the Intersecting streets. This places the next lot lying parallel to the one mentioned within 100 feet of that street, and subject to the charges of Improvement, but as this lot does not abut on the street being Im proved, it cannot remonstrate. Several times lawyers have, expressed the pur pose of taking the matter into court, but so far have not done it. AMERICANS INVADE ENGLAND This Season the Kumber of Tourists Breaks All Previonii Records. London Dally News. The exodus of homeward-bound Ameri cans has commencedti and during the next few weeks thousands of our transatlan tic visitors will be crowding the liners for New York and Boston. All the steamers for October are "booked up." The American Invasion, of London has this year established a new record. A careful analysis of passenger lists of the various Atlantic companies shows that since the beginning of the year more than 80,000 visitors from the United States have reached this city. This Summer the middle-class tourist, with whom a trip to Europe happens but once in a lifetime, has been in constant evidence. Thousands of visitors of this variety have been with us all the Sum mer, anti Bloomsbury landladies who, with a bright eye for business have called their places "Brooklyn," ' "Harlem" and "Penobscot" '.Just to moke the dear Americans feel at home," have had a great season. From the point ot view -of general trade, they have been a great success, and have not onljr kept the West End going, but have contributed largely to the prosperity of the show towns of England. Argentina Ontelde the 'Pale New York Press. The Argentine Republlcls without the pale of international' law. There are no Argentine neutrality laws, though the question -of the advisability on the part of the Argentine Congress of enacting such laws has been agitated. Since 1870 there hsve been few cases In the diplomatic- relations of Argentina involving the question of neutrality. DENOUNCED THE CRIMPS EJVBWfWO SERMON BY DR. EDGAR Rev. Harvey K. Hiaea Freaoaea in Westminster Presbyterlaa Cltarck. There was a large audience at the First Presbyterian Church last night, and more than one stopped to shake the hand of the pastor, Dr. Edgar P. Hill, and ex press the heartiest sympathy with what he said incondemnatlon of the boarding house abuses which have stamped this port among the worst In the world. Pre ceding Dr. Hill's remarks Professor Coursen played as an offertory the Pil grims' Chorus, from "Tannhauser." to which the congregation listened with rapt interest. The speaker explained as sim ply as possible the method of operation by which" the boarding-house keeper is able to get sailors from ships and to compel captains to pay exorbitant sums for new 'crews. "A captain about to sail is not allowed to engage his own men," said he. "He must get them from the crimp. He pro tests '"that some of the men are not sailors. The crimp says, 'All or nothing.' He protests that.it Is outrageous to ask him to pay $70 for every man. 'That is our price. You will pay it or not leave this port' "The captain is intimidated and unless he holds up .his hands and allows the crimps to rifle his pockets some petty charge Is trumped up and his ship tied up at an expense to his owner of $200 a day or more. "All this Is Injuring almost beyond computation this port. Owners of vessels fight shy ,of us. Captains avoid us as they would a place frequented by brigands. The sum of $1500 charged for a crew, when added to the cost of carrying, a cargo, handicap's our shippers. The farmer must suffer. The city must feel the effect In every line of trade. "I have seen but one argument in de fense of the system, it Is said that the crlmps are ffne-lookingmen and always keep their word. Well, If a man should go through your house tonight, make off with-our watch and pocket-book would it soften your Indignation if someone should tell you. tomorrow that your bur glar wore silk hose and ' shaved thrice a week? And as to the matter1 of these men keeping their word, suppose amah fwere to send you a note seating that to morrow at noon he intended to knock you down: would It make you more comfort able to be told that your correspondent xtvas a-man pf his word? "How Is it" that such a condition of af fairs can be maintained in a city llk ours? There seem to bo three reasons In the first place, the shippers have not stood together and fought the evil. One man who Insists on standing aloof from the rest can seriously endanger any pro posed remedy. Politics has had much to do In protecting this evil. 'Politicians have felt that the boarding-house keep ers controlled a goodly number of votes, and they have hesitated to arouse any antagonism In that quarter. "Again, there are a few men In this community who have very remarkable views in regard to whnt constitutes true prosperity. Just now "they seem to be in the ascendancy.- They have argued our citv.Tofficlals into the belief., that In order to have a prosperous city it'is'necessary to encourago the bunco men arid the slot machine. When great ships come sailing, toward our port they connive at the crime of a gang of crimps holding up the ships, intimidating the captains, putting every possible obstacle In their way and sending them off swearing they jWlll never return. ' N -,JMy friends, we need a toning up of public sentiment In this community. Good men should stand together in these matters. Those in authority should be maae to understand that thev hav hopn I eleqted to office that crime may be pun- lenea., ana not winKed at. - Borne of the business men need to look over the pages of a primer on political economy and learn that lntegrltyftnot'aaloons; ln-telllgense,- not bawdy-bouses; 'commerce", not crimes. are thv tatm-a -nrViiov. mt,. ' city rich and strqng and enduring." 'FAMILY m HEAVEN AND EARTH." Sermon byyRev. H. K. Hinen trf West- minster Presbyterian Chnrch. At Westminster Presbyterian Church, EasfcVTenth; and East Weidler -streets, Bev. 'H. K, Hlnes, D. D?, the well-known pioneer Methodist preacher, occupied the pulpit moinlng and evening. Rev. H. S. Templeton, the regular pastor, is absent at Brownsville, where he has been very sick. Dr. XH lues ppoke with his old-time vigor at the morning hour, and In his opening prayer referred touchingly to the death of a valued member, Mrs. Lock wood. He spoke on the subject "The Family In Heaven and on the Earth," and his textiwas from Paul's letter to the Ephesslaris, 111:15; "Of whom the whple family in heaven and eanth is named." He said lnsubstance: "The great leirsons of the Bible ,are conveyed not in direct but symbolic lan guage. By sjn.bol and Illustrations great truths are presented. In the dis ciples we have the family Illustrations the disciples calling each other brother. Christ said of the. child. 'You must be come as such 'or you, cannot enter the kingdom of heaven,' Again, he compares himself to tUn vine nnfi speaks of the beauty of the lily of the valley, like which Solomon In all his glory was not arrayed. 'So '.great truths were conveyed through simple means. Those to whom he sroke wheu they looked at a child, or a vine, or'tht. lily of the valley, must remember the lesson. The family repre sents the highest type of earthly happi ness anJ unity, and is symbolic of that heaven which we hope to reach and ep joy. What relations on earth can be holier than that of father and mother, son and daughter? With what tenacity we cling to the, family name? We love to linger In memory over the past. Some people delight tr search the family record to find some deed of glory on the field of honor, so thoy mny feel that In their veins ' some of the blood of a heroic an cestry flows. When they find the record coming down to them unbroken, how It slr3 their hearts with pride, and they walk with a foIIA. tread and more stately air. What family has not the vacant chair at the henrthstone? Some dear, loving form mfrflner from the homo, called "into the "beyond to Join the family of the blood-wpshed. There Is a tender halo about th'e family memories the memory of a whltc-halred mother and father gone before. So those who have left the fam ily on earth .have gone to make up the family circle in heaven. The aged, middle-aged, youth and children, have gone. What can the earthly family be without the beauty of childhood? I cannot con ceive of a heaven without childhood. We expect the aged to die. I am called to th6 funeral of an aged pioneer whom I have known- since 1S33 in this city. It is nat ural that the aged should die. It is hard, indeed, to see that stalwart man, In the full vigor of his physical power, stricken down, or a woman lifbll her beauty, truth arid worth, called away from a stricken family; and yet these go to make up the family aboye. There Is a great brother hood that rises, even higher than church, es and all eoclesiastlclsm. Many years 'ago, Dr. Llndsley, a Presbyterian, stood In Taylor-Street Church and welcomed the Methodist conference to Portland, and 'he spoke of the great achievements of the afeffiodlst church. Bishop James re sponded In eloquent words, and told of the great Presbyterian church and its work, and expressed 'the hope that it would .work out a .higher destiny than everbe sfore.i So no mania Independent, tbut all are dependent.nea"ch pther, .each' asslm. listing from the other all a common brotherhood, a symbol of the family fn .heaven. PAUL'S, CONCEPTION OF CHRIST,- Treated by Rev. B. J. Headley, at Taylor-Street Metbodlst Chare. Rev. B. J. Hoadley, D. D., preached,yes terday morning at the. Taylor-Stret Methodist Church,, from II Timothy i:13: ."For 1 know whom I have believed." An outline of the sermon follows: "Paul was sure of the divine nature In Jesus .Christ. Because God 1b one with the Father, he can do nothing of him self. Also he was sure of a human na ture In Jesu3 Christ. Great is the mys tery of the human, either in man or in his Redeemerl Personal oneness in Jesus Christ was a part of Paul's theology. This oneness la not a duality of persons, but the one person possesses the divine and human. "Paul was convinced of the reality of atonement In Jesus Christ. Jfot God on one side, and Jesus Christ on' the Other, but b'oth on one side to win a lost world back to the right pathway. Blood at Marathon, blood at Tours, blood at Magna Charta, blood at Declaration, blood in emancipation, blood in expansion, and blood at Calvary! "Paul's concept was of a victorious Chirst In his resurrection, ascension and glorification victorious In ability to con vert man, for he who made him can remake him. When Paul was called upon to defend himself from wicked charges "brought against him, his defense was found in his splendid conversion. At con version all the old man dies, and all the new man Is born. In giving, man con verted the witness of the Spirit. The new life 'is endangered from its very magnitude; hence two voices one to con firm the other. "Paul saw holiness brought to saved man by the triumphant Christ. The holy man lives all the beatitudes and keeps step to the music of love. There is no poem, from Chaucer to Tennyson, that can be named along with the paean of charity. A victorious Christ by the in spiration of the Spirit The voice of the inspired preacher thunders and whispers, the eye weeps and flashes; In fine, the whole man thrills with a life-giving mes sage Pulpit eloquence is the demand", then, of every hour, for the days of In spiration have not gone by. "Paul saw the Christ conquering the world. When Dewey said, 'You may fire when ready, Grldley,' the world stepped forward 1000 years. Of course, the-missionaries have made the commotion In old China that Is to awaken it now from the sleep of ages. He saw Christ victori ous in the resurrection of his followers. Death, In Paul's concept, does not de stroy correllation and conservation. "Paul saw heaven In his concept of the victorious Christ heaven, a rest, not from" work, but .labor, whose curse Is in its weariness: a rest, not of sleep, but in being awake; a rest, not from the hush of music, .but of rapturous song. Paul saw. In .his concep't, Jesus Christ, the Judge of all men; for mediatorial work Is to end In the crackling fires of the last day. 'Ib Paul's Christ yours? Why should man wind around himself the robes of indifference, and tie them with the girdle of pride? Live under the shadows of the Almighty; live In eternity, the background of time; live rooted in divine relation ship; in fine, live in Jesus Christ; for while God Is limited In Nature, he is un limited in his Son, our Redeemer." SOME PROGRESS. Science Simply Proves the Existence of a Reasonable God. , PORTLAND, Or.. Sept. 23. (To 'the Edl ,tpr.) Better knowledge has effected a complete change In our conception of some things., This writer ""'"once heard a Bleacher, fnot a "darky, cither, declare-that, me ear in -yas stationary; tnai uie sun could not be mpre than a foot In diam eter, and revolved round the earth; -that the stars we're holes In the floor of heaven through which came rays of light and glory, from the home of the saints. ' The astronomer comes back, however, from the depths of infinite space with a .more 'reliable statement. He. reports" that the twinkling points of light which, we3 see in the 'lilky Wjay" are no less than 'sunsj made small by the great distance from us, but nevertheless suns, whicn blaze, many of them with ithe force of a thousand suns like ours'. When heaiJ--- tempts to weigh the stars, he shovels Into one end of the scale o'ur earth, and other heavenly bodies, in order to' make the equilibrium, as a farmer shovels spuds into a bushel. The rays which reached us last evening from the polar star, he declares, started 4G years ago; that the light which will arrive from other orbs, within the next week or so, started when the Roman Empire was young. And, furthermore, the rays wh'ch left their distant home from still other heavenly bodies before Moses crossed tho Red Sea have not yet accomplished half their way to ea'rth; and If the heavens above us should now be blotte'd out, we would continue to receive some light for 1000 years to come. In geology, we have likewise made a little progress. Enough has been mads to show that the idea of creation being perfected in six days of 24 hours each is fading away; and much more the notion that It took place but six thousand years ago. The stones of which the Pbstofllce building In our city is constructed show the wash of primeval seas; while the pebbles under our feet witness to tho slbw cyclic changes which have fitted up this earth for the home of man, requiring years by the' million. Instead of a few thousand. In fact, thinking men are com ing soundly to the conclusion that our earth Is the result of an evolution, re quiring a' roll of almost Infinite time, rather than a sudden springing into ex istence, like Jupiter, full-grown, and fully equipped. Is the faith of the intelligent man In an all-mighty, all-supervising God being shattered? By no means. The belief In an unbroken chain of cause and effect throughout all Is growing constantly. Science Is disclosing as never before a knowledge of this all-pervadlng, all-supervising One. Never were things appearing so harmonious. Never before did the uni verse give such satisfactory manifesta tions of a .reasonable God. C. E." CLINE. Another "Lincoln Story. San Francisco "Argonaut. The Rv. Mr. Alcott, of Elgin, 111., one of Abraham. Lincoln's Springfield ac quaintances, tells "of seeing him coming away from church unusually early one Sunday morning. "The sermon could not have been more than half way through," says Mr. Alcott. "His son 'Tad' was slung across his left arm. like a pair of saddle bags, and Lincoln was strftilng along with long and deliberate steps toward his home. On one of the street corners he encountered a group of his fellow-townsmen. Lincoln anticipated the question which was about to be put by the group, ,and taking his figure of speech from practices with which they were only too familiar, said: "Gentlemen, I entered this colt, but he kicked around so I had to withdraw , him.' " His One Chance of Enjoyment. Pittsburg Dispatch. Belle Did the minister kiss you? The bride (very pretty) Of course Have you never seen his wife? CASTOR I A Por Infants and Children. The Kind Yo Havs Always Bought Boars the Signature of CsyfTeejiM. I. IN THE NEHALEM COUNTRY PROSPERITY FOTTND ALL ALONG THE WAY. Dairy Business SlesrlabinK Settlers -of Timber Coantry Pleased With Tkeir Lot. PITTSBURG. Or., Sept. 8. (To the Edi tor.) Before resuming the narrative about the trip through the Nehalem coun try, It may be well to note soma matters of interest along the route already passed over. The story of the entire Willamette Valley applies to the northern portion of Tualatin Plains, viz., one-quarter of a crop of wheat and one-half to two-thirds of oats. Hay has been uniformly good and bursting barns afford the evidence. The contracts for the Government, ob tained by citizens of Washington County have afforded a market forseveral thou sand tons at good prices Fruit crops generally are much better than last year; but little money Is derivecl by farmers from this source, however because so few have any considerable amount of fruit of any one kind. " The creamery business is an' industry that Is beginning to be established, so far with good results, with prospects even brighter In the future. The one at Cen tervllle has been in operation four years, and has a growing business." The Golden Crown Creamery, two miles north of Greenville, has 50 or more patrons, de pending upon the season of the year, and the number of cows supplying" mllfe at that place is not far from 300. Patrons as well as managers report conditions satisfactory, which augurs well for an in creasing business; but precise -information cannot -be given except in two Instances, because no pains hare been taken to keep exact regards. In one.. case a man with, four average cows received during the month of July JS 45 cash "and JT 83 In but ter, after reserving all 'the milk needed for a family of nine persons, six of them children, and 10 mill hands. Another farm er sends milk from 10 cows to the cream ery, after reserving enough for family use. including the making of butter for a family of seven- For several months the average receipts have been 527 per month In cash, besides the return, of skim milk, which is used In fattening hogs. In three months he fattened six which were sold in the Portland market for 553. The hop crop will, if present prospects continue, afford considerable Income to all who have cared for their yards. By 6 o'clock A. M. from every direction may be heard the rattle of wagons bearing to the yards a burden of younr and middle aged folks to engage in picking nops. In this part of the county the rule has been made that picking shall begin at 7 o'clock A.M. and stop at 6 o'clock P. M., with one hour at noon. Hitherto pickers have been permitted to begin work as early as they desired and work as late as they pleased. The new method. It Is thought, will produce better results. In addition to the pickers employed from the neigh borhood of the yards, many come from the hill country north and west, at a distance of 10 to 40 miles, some carrying camp eqiupments with them, so as to make the most of the short season they may be employed. The funds thus earned stand the settlers In the timber regions in good stead and supply many needs. Going northward from the Manning Po3tofnce, named after Mr. Manning, who built a saw mill here many years ago, up the west fork of Dairy Creek, the ascent of the foothills begins, and, after going between three and four miles, Bux ton is reached. A grapdson of the or iginal Henry Buxton, before mentioned, lives here. This Is a small hamlet, sur rounded by heavy timber, and contains one store, blacksmith-shop and a cream ery, established In March last The man ager reports conditions to be encourag 2VEW PUBLICATIONS. "A Burgher $ fe ij- A Nw' Starr t- RUDYj Ccmjfete flMOCAfeXami E VE irKDTnSf (SAlAaAf I This Is a charmlne stor?rcfiarac- J terlstic of Kipling full of wit, hu mor and pathos. v It fills about 25 magazine pages, and besides Its keen interestas a story, throws muchllght on the. South African situation. It Is a picture. of gfoemfotitein and a character study of an old Scotch ' , Story of China's Empress; A blmple fcxplanatton of Explosives and How They Work, and seven other articles and stories profusely illustrated. No admirer of Kipling will want to miss this timely story, which in Itself is worth many times the price of the magazine. On all news stands today. TEN CBNTS 7Z COFV V V Ml rTTfn H.TrVxr . Win J wrltVi ntlfrlf fulnefls, aversion to ocietyf which 4epk-ro you ot your xa&zitoooC UNFIT YOU FOR BUSINESS OR MARRIAGE. att-v MIDDIiE-AUED MSN who from esceaees and atraica bso lost th!r aiANJjy POWPH BLOOD AND SKIN DISEASES, Eypbilia. Gonorrhoea, painful. blopaT?ne! Gleot, Stricture, enlarged prostate, Sext'ftl Debility, Varioocj, Hydrooelo, Kidney And Liver troubles, cured WlTHOfcrTJtBRCimY AND OTHER POTPTOl s DRUGS. Catarrh and Rheumatlara CURED. Dr. Walker's methods are regular and oclentlflc. He usa no patent nostrums or ready-made preparations, but curoa the disease by thorough medical treatment. Hte New Pamphlet on PrlvaU Diseases sent Free to all men who describe their troubles. PATIENTS cured At home. Terms reasonable, All letters answered lu fl&ln envelope. Consultation free and sacredly confidential. Call on or address Doctor "Walker, 133 First St Cernes Alder, Portland. Or. Library Association of 24,000 volumes and over 200 periodicals $5.00 a year or $1.50 a quarter ' Two books allowed on all subscriptions fJOlfRS Prom 00 A. M to ftOO P. M. daily, except Sundays and hofldavo. "TO'SAVE TIME IS TO LENGTHEN LIFE." DO YOU VALUE LIFE? THEN USE SAPOLIO ing. The country roundabout, while rough and wild In many respects, affords good pasturage, and to the extent that it ia cultivated, yields good return m root crops. Donald McPheraon, born at Col vllle In. the late '30s, has a home herol also. As he with his family have goW to the "Valley, he could not be Inter viewed. His father had charge of the Hudson's Bay Company business at Fort Colville for many years, and during that time kept diaries of his dally life, em bodying the record of transactions. The writer obtained a hint of these records some time ago, and was hoping to get them, but upon consulting with Mr. Mc pherson a year ago. It was found they had been accidentally destroyed' by flre this most valuable historical data being forever lost Proceeding onward over the range to ward "Vernonla. a distance of 17 miles, all evidence of home-building disappears, save at intervals of from three to four miles. The timber is second growth red fir, with an occasional cedar, hemlock maple and white fir, with heavy under growth of vine maple, hazel, salal and Oregon grape. Intermingled with ferns and wild blackberry vines. The tlirjber as a rule Is not large enough for lum ber, but would make good piling, a3 it would average from two to three feet in diameter, and is tall and straight De scending the slope towards the head waters of Nehalem River, the timber in creases somewhat in size, but is mainly red fir. While but few home-builders are found along the route traveled. In quiry revealed the fact that the country was all settled, the houses being out of sight of the road, and that small lands were frequently found which were being cleared up and seeded. The further fact was brought out that a large proportion of these settlers were from the pralrli states of the Middle West and largely from Kansas. Frequently tho writer took occasion , to p omment upon the "chang-j from a prairie to a timber country and to Inquire whether It had been satisfac tory or otherwise. The response invari ably was: "We are sattofled. It Is rough, to be sure, and we have to work hard; but we have somehlng to show for our work, besides we have good health." Thl3 sentiment was expressed by wom en as frequently as by men Since the roads are rough and rarely Improved, produce cannot be hauled to market; hence only that 13 raised to any extent which can be fed to stock, as that can be driven to a market In the Winter time the roads are well nigh Impassable for wagons. This compels all settlers to lay in a year's supply of staple articles at this season of the year Nehalem River Is first touched about three miles south of "Vernonia. The river bottom Is a rich alluvium, covered with a heavy growth of underbrush, maple, ash, white fh. cedar, and an occasional hemlock and yellow fir. A good deal of clearing has been done, and settlers homes are more frequent At length Vernonia was reached. Two stores, one combination blacksmith and carpenter shop, carried on by an all-around mechanic, one church Evangelical with probably 50 unpainted houses perhaps a half dozen exceptions and a population of probably 35 to 40 persons, la about all the village contains. When In the height of prosperity It had Inhabitants to the number of 160. with a weekly newspaper chiefly maintained by the In come from publishing timber-claim no ticesand a number of other business places. At one time high hopes were en tertained about Vernonia's future by all its citizens, as It was expected that a railroad would be built down the "Valley so that there might be connection with the outside world; but since that event did not come to pass, hope3 deferred have made many hearts so sick that they left for other parts. A former resident of (Portland. T. J. TJhlman, with his family, are living, here, and have a .good home, surrounded by all the comforts of life. GEORGE H. HIMES. Wheat shippers of Harrington, Llncqln County, complain, of a scarcity of cars. iFm&Jate9 man who had been a Free State Burgher for 40 years. It Is faU of characteristic Kipling wit and word play. - -v No argument could throw as much light on tha right and wrong of the Boersltuation as this old Scotchman's experiences-and opinions. Other features of the October number of Every body's Magazine will be a story by S. R. Crockett? an article on The Bridge Building Industry; The TWENTY YEARS OF SUCCESS In the treatment cf. chronic diseases, such as liver, kidney and stpm&ohidraoi'den, constipation, diarrhoea, dropsical jweHings, Bmght's disease, etc KID HEY AMD URINARY Cozrptednta, painful, d&Scult, too frequent, milky j bloody urine, unnatusai ALscniegea, speedily cured. DISEASES OF THE RECTUM Buoh aa plica, estuta. fissure, uJoaration, mucous and bloodlsohASsas, cured! without tha kedfe. para or confinement DISEASES OF MEN Blood poison, gleet, atrtctsra, unnatural losses, !m potency, thoroughly cused. rfo failure. Curss guar- JuTTlf JtwfrtTHf A9kOLVnm AKjl II Ht1 rtrQjRA. Uttflh Portland srax STSEH Selwets Stvtaili i ft) i a