Tg,. swfm: "tj gyj;jf 5. ? -jp- "-i v-Hpig(PO THE " -MORNING OKEGOfflAN, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBEB- 19 -1900. RST GUN IS FIRED Senator Fairbanks Opens Re publican Campaign. - SPOKE TO AN ENTHUSIASTIC CROWD He Sharply Contrasted Xtepabllcaa. Prosperity With, the 'Years of Cleveland' Admiatstratloa. Hon. Charles W. Fairbanks, United States Senator from In.rilpna, spoke on the Issues of the Presidential campaign last night to an audience that filled every seat in Cordray's Theater, and overflowed to the aisles and the open space in the foyer, where only standing- room could be obtained. He was Introduced by Hon. George H. Williams, who, in the 'absence of Chairman Steel, of the State Central Committee, was invited by .Secretary Dunlway to preside at the meeting. P. B. Holloway, of Indiana, made a brief speech as a curtain-raiser, dwelling in, a humorous vein upon Bryan's Inconsist ency In changing issues every campaign, and his inability to give the voters any assurance that he would, if elected, be capable to fill the position to which he so Tegularly aspires.- Mr. Holloway re ferred feelingly to Judge Williams as a friend of President Grant, and a great man, an opinion which was enthusiastic ally cheered. The Oregon, quartet Interspersed several witty campaign songs among the speeches and -were obliged to respond to several encores. The audience was en thusiastic. Every point made by the speaker of the evening was cheered again and again, and when he sat down at the close of his address It was several min utes before the tumult subsided. The decorations were in excellent taste. Handsome portraits of McKlnley and Roosevelt hung at the back of the stage, -while a magnificent bust of Abraham Lincoln stood at the right of -the speak ers' table. The boxes were draped in flags, and beautiful American ensigns were in evidence everywhere. Senator Fairbanks said, in part: "I have not come to speak to you as an orator. I have come to speak to you as briefly as I may upon some of the ques tions which are confronting the American people. In the beginning, I wish to say that we have come to look to -Oregon for the support of Republican principles and Republican Administration. A few .months ago there was much rejoicing in the great Mississippi Valley and throughout the East when Oregon rolled up 13,000 majority in favor of the principles and course of the Republican party. It was this magnificent commonwealth which inspired other states to follow, and I am here to ask iuat in November next old Oregon shall be as true to Republican prosperity as she was in June last "Four years ago the scene was quite different from that which we witness to night. Then prosperity was dead, and nope almost vanished from the heartt of our countrymen. The streets were filled with thousands of idle workmen vainly searching for work work at any figure. But today there Is prosperity cveiywuere ana plenty of opportunity to work; the farms and Industries havo quickened Into life. Look on these two pictures -and say if either of them Is the result of chance. No, they are the result of change in the policy of National Ad ministration. McKlnley was Inaugurated onthe 4th of March, on the 15th of March the Dlngley bill became the DIngley law, and the prosperity of the Nation was restored and increased. The framers of the bill did not forget cregon. Its pro- J visions were as broad as the continent, and its benefiting effects have reached the North and South, the East and West. The law that does not benefit all sections of this country is not a Re publican measure. "The Republican party felt that the sheep husbandry in the United States should be protected and cultivated. Tou recall how grossly the Wilson bill cut down the sheep interests of the Union. In 1892, -under the McKlnley law, there were 47,000,000 sheep worth $125,000,000. In 1896, the number had fallen to 36,000,000 and their value to $67,000,000. Now, under the operations of the DIngley lawj'the number has increased and their value has been multiplied. Under Democratic Administration and the Wilson law. sheep were worth $1 per head; now they are worth $3 per head. The difference ts due to the Intelligence and patriotism of a Republican Administration. Under Democratic Administration wool was worth in the State of Oregon 8 and 9 cents per pound; under the Dlngley law it increased to 12& to 15 cents per pound. There you have in brief and in sharp con trast the difference between Democratic and Republican policy. "Let us think upon these problems. They are not questions that appeal to our enthusiasm, but they are questions that demand our most earnest consideration. As it has been with sheep and wool, so has it been with the vast herds of stock that graze in the pastures of this splendid state, and during the operation of the Dlngley law they have Increased at least 60 per cent, in value. "'As I came up through the" magnificent valley lying between .here and California, one of the grandest that human eyes ever looked upon, I saw vast quantities of wheat. I understand that the value of wheat In Oregon has Increased 50 per cent. Credit that Increase to Republican policies and Republican Administration. "What has been the result -with refer ence to fruit, hops, and other products of the farm, relatively the same may -be said. In 1896 Bryan insisted that no pros perity would come to the farmer unless we adopted the free coinage of sliver at the ratio of 16 to 1. Through the dis crimination of the American people, we have adhered to the gold standard, and witness the general Increase of prosperity and the rise in the price of articles pro duced on the farm. Mr. Bryan was the prophet then. Is he any safer to follow now than four years ago? Grovrtb. of Trade. "Trade statistics are proclaiming the virtue and soundness of Republican poli cies and Republican Administration. Our foreign commerce has attained a mag nitude hitherto not reached. Our imports for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1900, were $849,714,672, nearly 45 per cent of which was free. Our exports reached $1,394,186,371, making our aggregate for eign commerce nearly two and a quarter billion dollars, which exceeds the total commerce of any previous year by $317, 729.250. A gratifying feature of our for eign commerce is the large balance of trade i favor of the United States. The golden currents are flowing hither from all countries and are rapidly Increasing onr National wealth. The excess of ex ports over imports from 1790 to June 30, 1897, was $356,809,012. The excess of exports over Imports In the years ending June 20, 1898, 1899 and 1900. amounted to $1, 689,778,790. Thus it will be seen that for three years of McKinley's Administration the net balance of our foreign commerce in favor of the United States was $1, 232,969,778 in excess of the total net bal ance in our favor during all the preceding- Administrations. tThe money question is In peril 1 Bryan triumphs. We have established the gold standard and have more and better money today than we had at any other time In the conutry's Wstory. Bryan quotes Thomas Jefferson, but does not practice Thomas Jefferson. How unlike Thomas Jefferson Is William J. Bryan. Jefferson favored sound money; Bryan is against it. Jefferson fa vored expansion; Bryan Is opposed to ex pansion. Bryan's Coinage Policy. "Mr. Bryan's coinage policy is opposed to the policy of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton, who," in 18S2, pro- j J vided for the colnaga..of,sllver.andJ.gold1 at their market ratio, which was 15 to l. It is opposed to the policy adopted during the Administration of- Andrew Jackson', when the ratio of 16 to 1 first appeared in our coinage laws. Was this ratio adopted amidst the hysterical enthusiasm of -political convention? On the contrary, -it v was adopted after painstaking care, after the ratio of silver and gold-had been as certained in the market. f ""The present market ratio of silver and gold is about 34 to 1. It is Impossible to, secure the concurrent clrculatlonjJf both." metals if they are to be coined" at a ratio which so disregards the ratio in the markets. It is an old law. recog nized by financiers for unnumbered years, that the poorest money invariably drives out of circulation the best. We are able to keep a limited quantity of silver and paper in circulation at a parity with gold if we declare our purpose and have the ability to maintain them at parity with gold by making them interchangeable with each other, or by some provision restricting their use. Think you that what Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jack son could not do, and what no statesman of any other time- has been able to do can now be done by William J. Bryan? To adopt 16 to 1 means sllverism, and the withdrawal of 800-odd millions of gold from circulation. Instead of expanding It you have contractedHt 'Sufltering would result, and the Tvorlclngman would suffer first the great arnry, of consumers, mil lions uDontanlllfons of them. Their wages are none "too highr 'arid .the Republican' party, through William Mciuniey, .says the -wages of the worMngman shall not be cut in two." "' Defease of McKlnley. After quoting Blaine, and answering Schurz on the money question, the Sen ator turned to the subject of' the" trou&lel with Spain arising over Cuba, and de fended in a clear and vigorous manner the, course of President McKlnley from the beginning until the present moment. While McKlnley was negotiating with Spain, he was criticised, and those who criticised him then criticise him now. It had been the same with Grant, and the same with the great captains of lour armies, who will rank with the greatest commanders of all the ages. "Caesarism" was the mildest term applied to Grant, and in the same manner "Imperialism'' Is now applied to McKlnley. But regard less of their opposition, he labored on for the independence and freedom of Cuba. When the horror of the Maine dis aster broke 'upon the world, the United, States was unprepared for war, and to enter upon a war with Spain required that we should be fully prepared not only to fight her, but: to defend ourselves against any power across the Atlantic. War was declared, but not until the President was ready for it. Throughout it all. he maintained a calm and cour ageous attitude, and guided the Nation safely through a great crisis. After touching upon Roosevelt's charge on San Juan Hill, the personnel and work of the peace commission at Paris, and Porto Rlcan affairs, Senator Fairbanks concluded his speech with an enthusiastic and logical defense of the action of 1 Dewey in Manila Bay, and the policy since pursued by the Government in the Philippines. AT THE TENNIS TOURNAMENT Close Matches Were- the Rule in Yes terday's Contest. The tennis games commenced yesterday at noon with a double match on between Glfford "and 'Macleay and" Lumgair and Graham. Graham and Lumgair, receiv ing 5-6 of 15, defeated -their opponents, playing from scratch, 7-5, 7-6. 'The games throughout were very close, .and tho match abounded in long rallies, the ball frequently passing across the net 12 or 13 times before the point was won. Glf ford and Macleay are very expert at lobbing, but the steadiness of their ambi dextrous opponents was too much for them. Graham and Lumgair now meet Goss and Lewis in the semi-finals. At the same hour C. D. Lewis defeated Fred Andrews, 6-1, 6-3. Each'player played with extreme care, Andrews, In particu lar, being chary about letting out his low drives. Lewis made 27 clean passes to Andrews' 13. In the afternoon Lewis took on Cheal in the finals of the second class, and maintained his consistent playing by beat ing Cheal, 6-3, 8-6. This was the .pret tiest single match of the tournament. Each player used all his strokes and tricks, but .Lewis proved the stronger, be ing better at the net and killing lobs with greater accuracy. Lewis made 27 passes to Cheal's 17, netted 13 to Cheal's 24, knocked out 27 to Cheal's 25. This puts Lewis against Goss in the class winners' tournament. . The first mixed double match was played off, Andrews and Mrs. Baldwin defeating McAlpln and,. Miss Senders, re ceive 15, 6-4, 6-4. These matches always draw the crowd and generally prove "very interesting. Mrs. Baldwin gave good support to hep partner, sending back fre quent hard strokes. The first match of the class winners' tournament "was started between Brandt Wickersham, of the fourth class, receive 5-6, and Lombard", of the sixth, receive 15.3. Each got a set, Wickersham the first, o-A ana Lombard the second, 6-4, when the match had to be postponed to to morrow at noon on account of dark ness. , ' Several good maches are scheduled for today. L. B. Wickehsham and MoCraken play at 11:45 A. M., Goes and Lewis at 5. Mr. and Mrs. Cook play Leiter and Miss Morse a 5, jand. the semi-finals of the men's doubles between Van Duzer and Thielsen, Cheal and' La Farge at 5:30. COUNTY CONVENTION. W. C. T. U. Holds an Interesting; Ses sion. The county convention of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union was held yesterday in the First Cumberland Pres. byterian jChurch, East Twelfth and Tay lor streets. ' At 10 A. M., Mrs. J. J. Dal ton led in the devotional exercises. Mrs. Helen D. Harford, state president, was present, and offered an earnest prayer. Mrs. M. L. Driggs, the county president then took the chair and prftceeded with the official business of the day. The re cording secretary, Mrs. M. E. McFarland, read the minutes of the last convention, which were, full and comprehensive, and met with approval. A general discussion of. about an hour's duration then arose on 'subjects of vital interest to the workers. Inthe course of the discussion, 'it was brought out that the W. C. T. U. was distinctly an evan gelistic organization. Reports, which were read from the Portland unions, showed a goodly in crease, both in influence and numbers. The most encouraging probably were from the South Portland and Lucy Thur man unions, which are both young in years, but strong In, power. Mrs. M. E. Fullilove, president of the LucyThurman union, reported for ttie evangelistic work 66 prayer meetings. 6 sermons, 86 visits to the sick and 535 given away for charity. At the conclusion of the union reports the superintendents of departments were heard from. A letter was read by the secretary from Mrs. Sarah M. eKrn, su perintendent of narcotics branch. She sug gested the pushing of the antl-tobaceo movement into the schools whose open ing afforded an auspicious time for it Mrs. Kern said, further, In her letter, that her continued 111 health had pre vented the accomplishment of much work she had planned. The remaining time before the lunch hour was given to Mrs. Harford, who talked briefly' upon "Parliamentary Us age." . . Mrs. M. Munns. corresponding secre tary of the West Washington, King Coun ty, union, was Introduced. She greeted the convention with the remark that they "were one.lnwortoand one In love. There' were over 400 members in the county j TWO 'VIEWS t , Most press comments op President McKinley's letter of acceptance are either slavishly encomiastic from a Republican standpoint or slavishly ''denunciatory from a Democratic -standpoint' -We give here the views of perhaps the ablest two independent-Democratic papers in tho country. . - . Brooklyn., Eagles . New Tork Times'" Mrr McKinley's letter of acceptance ii President McKinley's leftejof accept necessarily long, made' so yvthe plan:' ancB undoubtedly the most Remarkable on which it Ib based, -a plan which could: - f-f . ,'. , uzia, be exchanged for .no other with good J6"' .Influence of all the letters Judgment. The plan is this: To tell what written by Presidential candidates since the Administration hag done," to consider tho custom of a formal acceptance came what the Bryan opposition purposes to do, 'and to draw from tho two statements the conclusion of what people themselves would better .do by their vote, this .Fall. The letter Is very moderate in its terms, markedly so. There Is no heated 'or su- perheated word or sentence in It. What It may thus lose in ardor It should gain In 'argument. Argument Is better tttan ardor in .the long run, and a letter of ac ceptance is intended for the long- run. of careful perusal In quiet homes, and of thoughtful comment ln press and plat form statements. Some will attribute Mr. McKinley's "wisdom of deliberation of statement to the fact that he Is a prac ticed politician. Others will claim for It the probf that he Is a broad, wise and thoughtful statesman, ' The Eagle Is concerned with neither .prdposltlb'n. The' Eagle ls- concerned, and Its readers are concerned solely with the question of whether Mr. McKlnley or William J. Bryan shoiild be made Presi dent of the 'United States, whether pres ent prosperity, the assured maintenance of 'the gold standard, the guaranteed .preservation of confidence, and' the cer. tain" accomplishment of trie function of the Unlted'States Jn the affairs of the world, at this time, should be preferred fn fh Inr nfntArarloo 'tn th nrrt of business: to the attempted establishment of free silver, to. the alienation of sec- tlons from sections. a"hdof classes from classes and to the policy 'of Scuttle and Surrender, which the election of Mr. Bryan -would make liable, and the en- I deavor to accomplish which his election would make obligatory. The letter would seem to. be keyed on the consideration that It is better to leave welPenough alone, thnt it is ndt well to Invoke ill, that the things and the policies which we know, and need not fear .arid cannot misunderstand, are to be preferred lo.wie inings wp uo not. Know, m tne con- sequences .which we have cause" to ap prehend and ib experiments which would sectlonallze politics, divide classes, de range values, depreciate currency, de moralize industry and Involve the United States Jn unknown tangles with "other nations. -Mr. McKinley's letter proves, we think, that the consequences of the elec tion of Mr. Bryan would be what here in general terms has been set forth. Those who read his letter will certainly be able, in the event of his re-election, to hold him to responsibility for what he says, and what he says Is unmistakable. He has.no quarrel with the word' ''para mount" issue or any other term -He shows that whether Mr. Bryan's demajid the h,Bh skill of perfect 'straightforward for free silver or- whether his demand ness, the perfect" art of the disputant that we scuttle -out of our colonial pos- who speaks right ohthe things he knows, sessions and' out of our colonial duties There Is a most telling pblnt at the very be the paramount one,- the free, silver beginning o"f the letter, where-the Presl- demand Is the Immediate one; ..because dent says that "as ln 1696.' the three silver to It the platforms of all the three par- parties are unlted.Under, the same leader," ties .which have nominated Mr. Bryan and quotes the free-silver, planks from are committed, and two of them-are com- the platforms of the Democrats' the Pob- mltted to It to the exclusion of to the ullsts and Silver Republicans. A" candi subordinatlon of every, other demand: .'-date who'ls supported1 by three free-silver He also -shows -that J. Mr. .Bryan--Is. parties, one of which', is free silver and himself committed to it by numberless nothing else," must be'a pretty stalwart aaaresses ana-pumic promises or,tne most deliberate . character, again and again made. Mr. McKlnley further shows that Republicanism, whatever Us hesitations' or divisions in the past, is indisputably cpmmltted to the mainte nance and to the perfecting of the gold standard, by which certainty, .prosperity, enterprise and confidence have' been Caused, or Avith which they have coincid ed. The difference between the two can didacies, the difference between the ef fects of ihem and the meanings of them, has nowhere been more clearly set forth. The letter ln this particular Is extraor dinarily strong and clear. The letter leaves no American citizen excusably Ignorant concerning what the United States has been dolncr ln Cuba, Porto Rico and the Philippines. In the first two places, military force Is main- talned at purely nominal numbers, and the construction of plans of education, of agriculture, of all forms of "labor, of systems of public relief, as well as the stimulation of a spirit of self-help and of ordered liberty, through local govern- .1.1...... ...a.jr p Dtt.u w uavo uwu aiouiwy pursued. , The statement of facts on this head will be calming and Informing and should be gratifying to every well-wisher of his country, be he Republican or Dem ocrat Nor can any one truthfully ques tion, after this letter, ..the sincerity, tho honesty, the humanity, the necessity noiiesiy, me Humanity, ine necessity a , ..... .-. xc tt....3 x.. a.n uio uuk ui lyuai nits milieu oiaies has done In the Philippines. From the day of Dewey's victory In Manila down to this day, the course of this counjtry In that archipelago Is plainly traced. The misapprehension which the letter should dissipate has not been Rlight The mis- representation which the letter should bring to an end has not been small. Tho fears which the letter should allay haye been acute. . . Mr. McKlnlev not 'only shows, that that nation has been riKHL anu nas aone ngnt in tne .fntup- pines, but what has been done Is what Mr.' Bryap would have to have done, had he been Jnofllce, and Is what he could" not undo, were he put In office, without uui ...iu..iLiuua iiiuuciiiji lu nie uulics ul liberty, law, or order, of justice arid of Peace. . t The Eagle would here neither jecapltu- lafe the letter, nor so condense or charac- terlze It as to deter or to excuse men and women from reading It' for them' selves. They should read lt carefully and candidly, whatever be their-pollllcal predilections or prejudices. It is entitled to the perusal of every Intelligent citizen, and no one's political education will be complete without reading It Independent Democrats especially should examine It thoroughly, for It deserves their exatrilna- tlon and will prove a valid and valuable guide to them In the choice at this time presented o them between alternatives which they did not make, which, in each case they ipight well have different, but to which exIstIngtcondItIons restrict-them In the existing situation of their duties and of the affairs of the Republic. Which she represented, and that member ship was slowly reaching the 500 mark. Afternoon Session. In the afternoon various reports from departments not heard from during the morning were listened to with interest Relative to the great good which the mer cy department was doing, Mrs. Harford told a sad story illustrative of the value of teaching children kindness and love for every living creature. About 25 years ago, she. said, a child was born with the desire for murder in his heart, and frbhi the time that he was able to walk he loved to Injure and kill. While yet a "child he had killed three of his playmates, and at 19 was sentenced to the Peniten tiary at Salem for life fpr murder. Re cently he was confined in. the Insane asy lum, as he has been adjudged insane bn the subject of murder. At the conclusion of the story the president made the state ment thai hereditary' influence largely made or unmade the character of a hu man being. Rev. J. J. Dalton, pastor of the church, and.W. R. Bishop, one of the elders, were present and spoke briefly-on reform. Miss F. B. Gotschall next' gave a "report of the, Noon Rest which showed what -that Institution had . accomplished. Not only the physical but the spiritual' welfare of the working 'glrlshad been looked after "bythe matron, Mrs. "S. Peek." Miss Go t shairgav.e several. Instances lnwhfch .un fortunates .had been, aided ln a delicate way 'tha,t .did not suggest charity., ' - The following county-officers were elect OP THE LETTER- jnt0 vogue, marks the turning point in the campaign. From-now until the day. of the election, McKlnley and' Roosevelt will gain votes surely and rapidly, just as McKlnley ,and .Hoborf gained daily nft- ,- Ant..- -f.u -iu; , nnaaaA . fVll , .tt ,.i. K kAia nam' -tef " thlnH very few. Gold Dem- uuru.i.s wiu venture io ueciare memseivea for Bryan, because they cannot condone the imperialism of 'McKlnley. x No candidate was ever more fortunate than Mr. McKlnley Jn respect" to the subject matter of ls letter of accept-' ance, and none was ever more successful In its treatment. The. chief tHeme'of his discourse was' actuallv"thrustxuron.lh!m by his opponents, who declared thatf'it was the paramount issue of the- cam paign. He took them at 'their word, and has put their Issue' before the -people In a way-to mike them sick; to death of the .very name of Imperialism, and sorry they eve made it a paramount issue. 'The President's letter, Is convincing, and .that Is the highest praise, for hiss whole pur pose in writing it twas to convince. The vexation It has caused among those who "a mB enemies are his enemies wl.thout'belng friends of 'Bryan, and the pitiful straits they are put to ln attempting the 'hopeless task of iUiauun are B lesumony 19. in eneci iveness of the letter as the chief docu ment of the campaign. They blame the President for the great length of hls.let ter. Then they blame him some more" for "garbling" his own state papers, omit ting portions that wquld have made the letter still longer. They cancel out of hand all that part where he speaks of our National duty, affirming that the Porto Rlcan tariff affair shows that he does not know the-' meaning xf the word. That Is the easiest way of dealliur with the President's aVgumen't and much safer than attempting to refute k. And then the grand exposure and destruction of the tissue of falsehood and sophistries that constitute the 'body of the letter are convenlenfly put off until another day. It is always a good- thing to take plenty of time to prepare for Impossible tasks. But the letter Itself, is a more edifying subject of study than the plaints of the critics of It We believe ln all sincerity that It Is quite unanswerable. We do not see how a candid mind can fall to b& deeply impressed by .this marshaling of Indisputable facts, ' There is evident skill ln the construction of tne letter, but it is &nd trustworthy free-silver man hlmsTf ' That way ofiputtlrig li : sweeps-away whole web of delusion, which men like Mr. Schurz and Mij. Shepard have spread before their eyes In the vainlhopeof c"on cealing the 'danger 4 to the currency In volved ln the election of Bryan. The President rightly .nut silver first in, the order of treatment' . It is the real' issue and the only one, save those presented In the fringe of reckless theories that sur round the silver center and makeaip what is called Bryanlsm, ' l The letter makesan end of the Issue of Imperialism. What remains of It Is all pretense, and weiclo riot see how It can be called honest If It is pretense. Some1 of it is 'delusion, mere ithost-seelni nnri that must be held"tp meet tfie charge' of insincerity, thoUghVat the expense of sane judgment. For all-hls pbsltions the P.re ldent has the support of established fact and original authority. It is not often that a contender 'in ' the field of politics is so eraordlnarily well furnished with vital, essential, te'lllrig facts, of which tne enemy Was .QUltfe ienofftnK Thotr complain bitterly that lie left them in ig norance until they, were .hopelessly com mitted to the side 'of error. - The letter furnlsHes, disproof of all the foundation postulates of antl-imperlal-Ism. There is nrobl! th&t thr mc nr. in. v.. - . "" "" alliance; that we never cave- tho iriii. .i.. .: .n?3 rea sn to sPP0se hat we intena- fr to .fVt VP. .a-?. independent na- ," tat tney attacked us wantonly and lanned attackf us 'long before . they knew our Plans: that tHey are not fitted at Present for selfigovernraent, a -states m,ent that Tests oh. the authority of com-, Petent and impartial commissioners who have attentively studied, them on the spot; that the rebels under t'Aeulnaldo are only a single tribe, forming but -a " xuuuuu ui. xne enure population, whose consent to be governed by Tagau has never been obtained; that our 'title to the islands Is perfect: that Mr. .ferv an's proposed protectorate would mak'e. $ '" ""'"j wsicuu ui me principal, and would plungers Into difficulties, not theMeast of which is5 the necessity of malntiinlng'a much larger military estab- Hshment ln the Philippines 'than la noav required; that wfe honorably perform a amy Dy remainmg,j.whlch we should dls honorably evade ilf-we retired: nfl fhn no other course than that pursued by the Administration, would have been pos- slble. even to Mr. 'Btykh,- as there is no Cther that would ibt have been danger, ous and disgracefu'1." Finally, the last honest ground olf .anti-Imperialist oppo- sitlon crumbles. an is swept away by the President's declaration that "It Is out- purpose to establish in the Philippines a government suitable to the wants and conditions of the' Inhabitants and io prepare them for ; seif-governinent, and to-give them self-govdrnment when they are ready for It and as rapidly as" they are ready for it " ed: -President, Miss F.M. Gotshall; cor responding secretary, Miss C. W. Burns; recording secretary, Mrs. M. E. McFar land; treasurer, Mrs. A, M. Heustas. CU i NO SCH00 LUXURIES. A Portland Grandfather Tells How Little He Gbt.Alongr With. The numerous places where "school supplies" are sold 'iyere. thronged yester day and' the day ,before by pupils and parents,, buying all sorts of books and things needed by "hupljs In. the public schools. There are' different books, etc., for "every grade, atld ttte" number of arti cles required by jthe 'Children Increase every year, and everything is" gotten up in attractive style t o please the children. The list of all the b'doks and articles now jfound necessary f&5r school children Is a. long one. Among :the4 6rowds of pupils In t one of the prluditf&l book'stores yes terday was a party' 6f! four bright young sters, ranging, frohv 6 to 12 years, in charge of a proud arid happy grandfather, who took delight lit buying- them every thing they wanteds He remarked to a friend that there had been very little ex pended in' schotbl"b"6oIts'Tor anything elsle, in the. way -of -school 'supplies during his school days, and Jt jdst dld'hlm. good to see the numerous AncLbeautiful books and things provided' for the .children now. and dtjrieased him to furnish, his grandchil dren wnn everytning; tnat tney janciea. He said, when "a -child, some 50 years ago,, he went to school ln & little village away dom East. - The first school he.at tended was kept by an old woman, Vtfose principal business was making and mak ing over straw hats and bonnets, and be tween, lessons the children, a dozen or so ln "number, were kept busy pulling the , threads out of hats and bonnets which had been ripped- to pieces. His only book was a sort of penny primer, in a paper coverv When he was promoted to a high er 'grade, and a school taught by anold man. he had a- "Dllwprth spelling book which had served liis father and probably his grandfather -before him. It contained a few coarse JIne- wood cuts, illustrating certain fables "Hercules, and the Wag oner," "The Shepherd Boy Who Cried Wolf," etc. The copy-books -were of plain paper, and were ruled by the boys with a piece of lead called a plummet. The pens were made from goose quills by the "mas ter" who wrote the copies, and the boys had ink manufactured at home from ber ries, bark, etc. There were slates, but there was no felt on the frames to keep them from making a noise. Slate pencils such as are ln use now were very rare; and pencils made from some soft stone were used by most of the boys. There were none of the pretty pictures now so common, on notebook covers, and nothing pretty in-the whole school outfit except the girls, who, said the old man, swlth a merry 'twinkle of the eye," were just as pretty as they are now, although they did not have such pretty dresses, rHats, etc. Of course, there- was Improve ment ln all these things from year to year, and lead pencils, steel pens, ruled paper, somewhatbetter books, etc.. became com mon. The teachers, however, as a gen eral thing were soured old men, who used the rod or a cane freely, and boys were not so fond of going to school as they" are now, which is not to be wondere'd at. THE MINERS' GRIEVANCES. As Viewed From an Operator's Standpoint. NEW YORK. Sept. 18. John B. Gar rett, vice-p'resident of the Lehigh ,Cpal Cbmpany, -ln an Interview, made the -following statement in review of the various grievances alleged? by the United Mine Workers to exist in the anthracite coal fields r "This company conducts no stores nor does it exert any influence upon employes to prefer one merchant above another. It employs no doctors and makes no charges against Its employes for medical service to them or their families. Inquiry has satisfied me that the above is also the case with the companies generally. Semi monthly pay is observed by. us In few cases, being complied' with In all cases ln which the men have demanded It It would be observed anywhere 'were the demand made as called for by law. "The use of the word 'ton' as applied to 3360 pounds Is a misnomer; It Is slmpiy a unit of measure which might be called a car or a cartload or by any other name, and is the quantity of actual coal, plus bone, slate and-other ""foreign material for the removal of which a certain payment is made under the agreed scale of wages. "The price charged for powder Is an appare'nt but not a real grievance. In some regions $2 75 per keg Is charged, ln others 1 50 per keg. This of Itself should be sufficient evidence that the compensa tion of the miner is set Independently of the price -of powder, 'as a'net return for a day's labor must b'e essentially the same ln neighboring fields, whether one or the other price is charged for the powder. "Another, evidence that the price ot powder does not create an Injury o the miner Is shown by the fact that wh'en the silbject was agitated some time ago one of the largest companies offered to1 re duce the charge for powder to Its then current value, provided the men woula consent to such revision of their wages as would continue the same compensation for their labor as they had previously re ceived under the"'agreement which wa then operative. This was promptly re jected, showing that their, purpose was to effect an increase of wages and that If this could not be obtained they preferred to maintain the apparent grievance which could be and has been from that time to this used as a ground of complaint ot unfair treatment. "Eliminating these alleged grievances from the list formulated by the United Mine Workers, nothing 'whatever remains but a general "demand for Increased 'pay and recognition of this order as the agency through which differences should "be adjusted." t , WANT FREE OPIUM. Advocated by the Wholesale Dras t Cists' Convention. CHICAGO, Sept. 18. Importation of opium into the United States free of duty was advocated at the opening of the 26th annual convention of the National Whole sale Druggists' Association here today. The plan to abolish the duty on the drug was urged as a means to make Its use more available and save the druggists 5300,000 a year, now paid to the Govern ment Opium was declared to be discrim inated against by the Government ln a false belief that a heavy duty on the drug discourages the opium habit The propo sition to petition Congress was referred to a special committee. The convention also adopted a report denouncing as class legislation the war stamp tax. The con tention -will continue three days. The enactment of a National pure-food law, to be urged by the convention, will be an attempt to regulate the inspection and sale of drugs by a general law. In stead of, as at present, by the laws of the various states. A "memorial will be pre pared for Congress embodying the claims of the druggists that th.e .present state laws conflict and Injure the interstate drug trade. Old-Time Telegraphers. ST. PAUL, Sept. 18. The Old-Time Telegraphers' Association opened Its an nual meeting in this city today. Mon treal, Canada, was chosen as the next place of meeting, and the following of ficers were named: President, L. B. Mc Farland, of Canada; vice-president, J. E. Hutchinson, of Ottawa; secretary-treas-urer John Brant, of New York. President Harry Hope, of thl3 city, called the convention to order, and Mayor A. R. Smith briefly welcomed the dele gates. James D. Reld, the first super intendent of any telegraph line In the world, responded. United States Senator Davis delivered an informal address. Secretary-Treasurer Brant reported a mem bership of 706. Letters" of regret were read from many old-timers, who were de tained by business; among them being Thomas A. Edison, E.. L. Morse and others. HIS FOOT CRUSHED. W. J. Barber, of Lbs Angeles, Ran Over by a Railroad Train. A man who gave his name 'as W. J. Barber, of Los Angeles, was badly Injured by the Astoria & Columbia River Rail road train last night at the foot of Four teenth street, ln North Portland. His crleff of pain after the accident occurred attracted the attention of a policeman, who examined his Injuries and found his right foot badly crushed. The patrol wagon was hastily sent for, and tne in jured man taken to St. "Vincent's Hos pital, where surgeons amputated the foot late last night After the operation he was resting easy. The police were unable to learn how the injury occurred, but as Barber was beating his way up from Astoria, it is supposed he lost his hold on the truss rods underneath ihe train, 'and fell be neath the wheels. T Not a Standing Army. . ' Goldendale" Sentinel. , Ifis foolish to call the Philippine Army ,a "standing" one. It Is anything but that SPOKE TO A BIG CROWD CHARLES A. TOWNS ADDRESSES ' DEMOCRATS AND POPIJIilSTS. He- Says .Prosperity Is u Accident, - and DcRQHHces Imperialism and the American' Soldiers. Hon. Charles A. - Towne spoke to a crowded house at the Metropolitan Thea 'ter last evening. Democracy, Populism, and Silver-Republicanism .' poured out their adherents In force, and each seemed to vie with the other In cheering the-man whom all seemed to be able to claim. Three general divisions were made In the address. First came the money question. Brief mention was made of trusts immedi ately afterward. Then it was that the speaker announced he had reached the paramount issue came last In this part main topic of his speech Imperialism. The of the Speech there was much denuncia tion of the American policy in the Philip pines, and the speaker. won liberal ap iplause as he pointed out the good quali ties of the Filipinos and denounced the American soldiers. Mr. Towne-spoke for over three-hours. When he began ho was quite hoarse, as va result of his arduous work In Washing ton, and while he warmed up much dur ing the speech, he still manifested a de gree of husklness- at the close. He did not speak from notes, and seemed to labor only under the difficulty of saying all he wanted to ln the time. When he had spoken nearly -three hours, he said he would close", but was urged to continue, and took up the subject ot prosperity. America- had been prosperous, he said. but it was orily ln common with all other nations, and McKlnley did not cause It Much time was spent in referring to The Oregonlan, and several editorial state ments were assailed. Towards the close of the speech the .speaker tried to answer the communication of Hon. C. B. Moores, appearing In yesterday's Oregonlan. This involved the consistency of Democrats ln defending rtegro disfranchisement ln the South and pleading for the Filipinos, on the strength of the Declaration of Inde pendence. The questions, Mr. Towne thought as widely different as it was pos sible to Imagine. ""This question," he said, "demands a frank answer, and I shall give it. It is very easy to answer. It is becoming- a very common thing-for the imperialists to retort by citing the case of the recent constitutional amendments ln the South, or tho question of negro suffrage, and say that the Democratic party is responsible for what has happened, and that it is im proper for theDemocratic party to talk about tho Declaration of Independence. And this gentleman takes as the basis for his rather lengthy remarks a reported observation of mine in a speech at Spo kane a few days ago. Now, what the paper says I said, Is the version that the reporter gives, which Is not by any means an" accurate representation of what I did say. Some of It, however, i tvHi stand by. It is so written as not to be guarded, and is not the language I used. "This gentleman complains because I told that man that interrupted me that he was not trying- to" do the right thing, but to put a Democrat ln a hole. The man who Interrupted me asked, 'How about tho negroes in the South?' I said before, answering that question I would like to have him answer one for me: Was he ln faVor of what was being done ln the South or not? He said -he asked me a question, and-wanted to know if I would answer It.. He refused to answer the ques tion I put to him. If he had answered my question favorably, I should have asked him why he was complaining about it if he approved If; arid if he had told me he did not approve of It, I would have asked him Instantly why, when there was arace problem 'for us to deal with here at home. In America, hewas anxious to Import a new race question ten times more difficult "I distinguish between the negroes In the South and his treatment there, and this proposed government of the Fili pinos, as clearly as between liberty and oppression, right and wrong, Justice and Injustice. In the first place, this condition in the South Is one that the people there did not seek. It was thrust upon them. This difficulty in the Philippines we are asked to go out and meet voluntarily, knowing what It is. Here is one in the South that the people who live there have got to meet I do not by any means ap prove of all that Is done in the South with reference to the treatment of the negro, and I do not have to defend the proposition In order to defend the Demo cratic programme against the Philippine policy. "The problem confronting the white peo ple of the South Is a very difficult one, a very serious one. Here is a race liber ated from bondage, never having been taught responsibility, their masters al ways clothing and feeding them, not knowing what It Is to save against a rainy dny, not their own providers In any sense, dependent by ingrained nature no less than habit They could not appreciate the responsibilities of government. They had not tried it. They were freed In an In stant, and given the full power of a free man's ballot, and while it may be said they did not know how to use It, let me. askr would any other people know how to use It under similar circumstances? It Is no Imputation against them that they wero not ready in all respects for thl3 great liberty when it came to them. There never lived a race in the -world who, hav ing such a short time for advancement, have demonstrated such capacity for progress under new conditions. There they are. , Inevitably they are clannish. Naturally they are to the whites, and the Southern policy which undertakes to own the franchise of the Southern negro Increases the difficulty of the question. As stated by some Southerners, it is a case of shall the negro rule, or shall the white man? Since the negro will not di vide up the powers as they might, but hold them according to their convictions; since they will remain ln these two camps, it Is Impossible to avoid crowding one out, say those who live ln the South, to whose Judgment I yield considerable weight Then, since it is Impossible to avoid thls- aiternative m many ot these communities, either the. negro, j will have to go or we must. Since the alternative Is forced. It is essential that we rule until these people become better educated, and by their methods of life ln taking care of them selves, earning for themselves a living; they cultivate a 'higher respect for law and property. I am bound to admit that with me there is a great deal of weight in these considerations. "It Is the law of the United States that these things are under the control of the various states, subject to Consti tutional regulation. If such state laws be come obnoxious to the .Constitution of the United States the Supreme Court will not tolerate them. But If these regulations shall be drawn so as to provide an edu cational qualification, arid are not based on color, etc., they will have parallels throughout our history. I would call at tention that ln New Hampshire and Mas sachusetts you must pay a poll tax before voting. In Massachusetts and Connecti cut there Is an educational qualification for voting. In Connecticut you must also show a good moral character, and in Rhode Island the voter must be a holder of real) estate. I do not mention these to show they are wrong. It Is simply to show the state control, subject to the limitations pf the Constitution mentioned. "Could you try any one of these ne groes there without a jury? Of course you could by lynch law, but we are not ln position to throw stones on this sub ject in the North. Under the law the negro has the same Constitutional pro tection as to trial by Jury, habeas cor pus, and all the privileges In our great bill of rights that the white citizen has. "What do you propose" to do ln the Philippines. Tou propose to take a nation and govern it yourselves, without any body having any thing- to Bay about It except your own sweet selves. Tou pro pose, my friends, to say that that nation ahall not regulate Its owns,internaI af fairs, or say 'who shall have the fran chise, as we do, but that the nation shall be subject, and that it shall, not participate ln Constitutional guarantees, and that they have no right to the same liberties -we have; that they are to ba governed by a. different system of la"wa 'This Is the distinction, and It Is plain enough to see. And I say a man who persistently Is harping upon this question of the South, and comparing- It to the question ln the Philippines, after his eyes are opened, is doing it for the purpose of confusing the question." On the subject of imperialism generally Mr. Towne spent much time. "Let mer call your attention to this astounding fact" said he, "that this war Is the her itage of a war for liberty. The future "historian of America, when he records the marvelous accomplishments of thfa century, will say, among other things, that it was a century marking more than any other preceding same length of time the progress of self-government and. llb-i eral Institutions ln the world. He will record that early in this century, over 70 years ago, the American people, then numbering not over 8.0CO.00O or 10,000,000 in population, without the loss of a gun. a ship or a man, by merely proclaiming the Monroe doctrine to the world, ded icated forever the whole South American Continent to the righteous experiment of self-government. He will record that all through.the world the example of Ameri ca was the most powerful of all Influ ences for the advancement of mankind. He will write that wherever religious liberty received an expansion, wherever fredom of the press was recognized, wherever trial by Jury was established, wherever thrones and aristocracies were shaken and representative governments, parliaments, congresses, taxation by rep resentation were established, wherever new guarantees of personal or political liberty were given to any race or any men, wherever among the 400 new con stitutions that have been written since ours was made, UL years ago, any have been patterned upon our own, there was the Influence of the United States of America, the greatest world power known to history. He will show how we havo bombarded other nations with our exam ple and not with our guns how wo have colonized them with our principles and not with our armies. "And then he will write of the most glorious of all achievements of America. If I were asked, my friends, to select one single Instant of time whereia the American people appeared most to de serve the gratitude, the admiration of mankind I should choose that splendiu moment on that April morning, 1S5S, when, rising in her might and majesty, she said to Spain: 'Remove your army and navy from Cuba and Cuban waters. Cuba is, and of right ought to be, free and Independent' And then, astonishing the world, she saldr "When the power of Spain Is broken and when the Island Is pacified the United States Government will Itself withdraw from Cuba and leave the government of the Islands to the peo ple 'thereof. "This was- the stupendous contradiction of the ages. No other nation had ever done or professed to do anything of the sort For 6000 years the world had rocked with wars. The earth had drank, deep the blood of millions of men shed In battles; some for conquest some for the possession of land, others for the fading chaplet of -glory, some, indeed. In self defense, and some for the liberty of those who waged them. But never before In the whole tide of time had there been witnessed the spectacle of a great nation baring her own bosom to the shock of war, and to pouring out her own blood like water ln order to win the priceless boon of civil and religious liberty for an alien race. And when he shall have re corded all this that historian will pause. The chapter will come to an abrupt end. '"My friends, when we began tho war for the liberation of Cuba,, far away, al most on the other side of the sjobe, S00O, miles from our Western shore, nearly; an other little people was struggling also with weapons in their hands, even as the Cubans were, for their liberties, against the same Identical tyranny with which Spain, which had misruled Cuba for near ly four centuries, had misgoverned the Philippines for mora than, three. Tha. methods of a 16th century monarchy were protracted into the light of the 13th cen tury. Can anybody tell why, it our pur pose was to liberate Cuba, we should have maqe an incident of the enslavement of the Philippines? Why, my frlend3, what was the origin of our duty towards Cuba? The resolutions In which we said we would respect her right to liberty? No. Tho resolution was only the recognition of a duty we owed her anyhow. What was the origin of our duty towards the Fili pinos? We never made them a promise. No. But must the American people be put on record as having promised to do its duty in order to be expected to do it? Of the alliance alleged between, the American Government and the Filipinos, the speaker said: "I will read you from page 343 of the message of the President of the United States, with accompanyng documents,, wheh Is known as the somewhat famous 'Senate Document No. 63 of the Third Session of the 65th Congress. It is a mes sage of the President, furnished by him self, and therefore, presumably, and con clusively presumed, to be wlthiit his knowledge. Mr. Pratt was Consul-Gen-eral of the United States at Singapore at the- time that Dewey sailed to Manila to engage the Spanish fleet. Just-before that time, and on the 24th day of April, 1S93. he sent to Dewey, who was at Hong Kong, the following telegram: Aguin aldo, insurgent leader, here. Wil go Hong Kong arrange with Commodore for general co-operation Insurgents Manila If desired. Telegraph. Pratt.' My friends, what does 'general co-operation mean? 'Co' is the Latin preposition 'con, mean ing with. To operate i3 to work; to co operate is to work with. To work with anybody 'generally Is to work with him for all purposes toward the view at the time of the co-operation. General co-operation Is working together for all pur poses within the purview of the main ob ject Is that correct? "Now, yon. are all familiar with tho legal principle, that if I make a propo sition to a -man. and he accepts It. It con stitutes a contract. Was thl3 proposition of Agulnaldo's to Dewey was this Fili pino proposition to our representative ac cepted? Immediately the following reply was sent: 'Tell Agulnaldo come soon as possible. Dewey.' Now, my friends, he went He and 17 others of. the Filipino Insurrection against Spain wero landed at Cavlte from an American gunboat. We assisted him In buying 4000 or 5000 stands of arms. We counseled with him. He and the Insurgents dug a trench and oc cupied It 14 miles long, from water to water, on the land side of Manila, while the guns of our Admiral confronted the city from the water side. They had driven the Spaniards from the Island into Manila. The only other city of any con sequence held by the Spaniards was the City of Ilo Ho. in the Island of Panay, which they took subsequently. And lee me say here, ln passing, that when they took the City of Ilo Ho, they preserved order, and respected personal rights and property. So that when General Miller, representing the United States, appeared off the coast of Ilo Ilo, in January, or late ln December, the merchants sent, a recuest to him not to bombard the city, saying that the Filipinos, who held mili tary possession of the city, were main taining order and respecting everybody's rights"' Ferguson Ther now claim that kleptomania is a. disease. That woman who was arrested for shoplli tine yesterday is said to be suffering from it Henderson So? I thought it was tho shopkeepers who -were tho sufferers. But does she taka anythlnsr for It? Ferguson Take anytnlnff-ior Itt Why, In one day she took three dress patterns; a silk umbrella, a silver bouquet holder, olsrht spools of cotton, three pairs ot gloves and a fryins-pan. Boston Transcript