THE MOB.NIN& OREGOJNIAN, .TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1300.
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OHTLAITO, TUESDAY, SEPT. IS, XOOO
THD DLOtOKD IS THE SEWER,
Tha TTansas Cltv tilatform contains
?one plank to which The Oregonlan
its unreserved indorsement. It is
is:
i Tariff laws ohould be amended by putting:
Jho products of trusts upon the free list to
"prevent monopoly under plea of protection,
t Probably few persons are aware that
ftho Kansas City platform contains this
uplank, Nobody hears anything about
fit, Bryan lias a good many things to
jteay about the trusts, but this is not
jone of them. He has adequate rea
sons. He doesn't want to offend the
Silver-Republican vote. Besides, it
faults Mm better to rage at things in
general than to discriminate between
igood and bad, or to apply remedies that
tore both Just and practical. He made
4iis argument against trusts at St, Liouis
Saturday. I come before you, he says,
Yin the interests of your child, your
tooting man Absalom. "What show does
ie have in a country where there are
Cruets? What becomes of his "freedom
Ho employ his own brain and his own
feasds for the advancement of his own
"welfare," of his "earnest endeavor by
Hhe hope of being able to profit by his
own. genius, his own energy, his own
industry and his own virtue"? My sym
pathy goes out to the poor traveling
man, the poor retail merchant, the poor
Jhotel-keeper, the poor liveryman, the
oor small manufacturer, the poor
newspapers, the poor actors, the poor
lawyers, the poor farmers. My heart
aches for all these people in" a land of
trusts, and from inspection of mf grief
I trust you will see the propriety of
electing me President,
No one will have the temerity to deny
that this is a very cogent and a very
moving appeal. But there are other
ways of viewing the trust problem, de
sirable for the very reason that by their
reason and practicability they are un
fitted for Mr. Bryan's use. His letter of
acceptance ignores the plank we have
quoted.
The object of the protective tariff is
Sot, ostensibly at least, to protect the
manufacturer from justice at the hands
X3t the consumers of the country, but to
protect home Industries from the ruin
ous effects of foreign competition. "Now
It ought to be perfectly clear to the open
Snind that as soon as these manufactur
ers arrive at the point where protection
Is no longer needed to keep them from
fceing ruined by foreign competition, it
"Ehould be withdrawn. Is there, is there
likely to be, any better proof of this
ability to stand against foreign compe
tition than the formation of a trust
which controls the home market and
Bells a surplus abroad in free competi
tion with foreign producers upon their
"own ground?
The people, through Congress, lay
aside the weapon of foreign competition
through which they possess the -power
of destroying domestic monopoly, pend
ing the time when in self-protection
against domestic monopoly, grown to a
reality, they need to take up that
weapon and use It in their own defense.
If that time has not arrived, then it
never will arrive. Here is a table,
showing the products of leading Amer
ican trusts and their prices in the
"United States and in England:
English
Article. V. S. price. price.
Xltharge, lb 08 04
"Wire, smooth. 100 lbs....... 3 05 2 50
Barb wire, galv., 100 lbs.... 3 80 2 3
Wire nails, 100 lbs 3 38 2 55
Iron ore, ton 0 125 5 25
Tin plate, lOO lbs 4 85 3 00
Sheet steel. 100 lbs 2 "0 2 07
Galvanised iron. 100 lbs 3 78 3 23
Steel beams, 100 lbs 2 30 1 SO
Borax, refined, lb... .075 .034
Xlmo, "bbl 00 62
Cream of tartar, crystals, lb. 22H .150
Castor oil, lb 12A .000
Caustic coda, 100 lbs 2 42 1 84
"What is a more just or promising
temedy for this patent iniquity than to
abolish the tariff which alone makes
these differences possible?
The salt trust is protected by a duty
iof 44 to 85 per cent. The window-glass
trust is protected by a duty of 120 to 135
per cent. The linseed oil trust is pro
tected, by a duty of over 90 per cent,
JThe white lead trust is protected by a
tluty of 75 per cent. The starch trust
is protected by a duty of over 90 per
cent. The steel trust is protected by a
duty of 40 to 115 per cent.
What is the use of walling about the
young man Absalom and dealing out
maudlin sympathy by the shovelful for
people who are getting along fairly well
in the world, when a plain, simple rem
edy like this is at hand for the taking?
It is one of the unforgivable injuries
Bryanism has inflicted upon the Inde
pendent thinkers of the country, that it
lias made it impossible for questions
Xiko this to have any vital part in the
present campaign. It has elected to go
before the people on the proposals to
Hexicanlr.e our money, encourage riot,
cut and run in the Philippines, and
JEtbandon our position in the fight for
Pacific trade. This one bright spot in
the Kansas City platform is obscured In
the gloom of its impossible proposals
on "paramount" issues.
In the widespread prosperity of the
Jhour, thte trust, with other expressions
of trade and industry, is basking gaily.
7Re shall get around some time to the
task of clipping its wings but the way
to do it is not through free silver at
home and scuttle abroad.
The industry of the country might
hit some of the trusts a hard lick by
electing Bryan. Samson did Just such
a trick once with the opera-house at
Gaza. But the ensuing collapse found
him at the bottom of the pit.
THE ANTHRACITE COAL STRIKE.
The anthracite coal miners' strike in
cludes already over 100,000 men, and will
probably reach 140,000 men by tomor
row. The consequences of this strike
to New York and New England, If It
should prevail thirty days, are described
as most serious to the industries of all
the Atlantic seaboard states. The want
of fuel cannot be supplied from the bi
tuminous coal fields, for their daily out
put is bespoken beforehand, and fur
thermore, the apparatus for burning an
thracite is not easily adapted to the
burning of bituminous coal. The strike
would result in a heavy loss from the
increased price of fuel and from waste
of the article supplied, even if the strike
did not extend to the bituminous fields.
Higher cost of manufactured goods will
follow the lessened supply, and this
would react upon the miners in in
creased cost of living. If the strike
should bo prolonged to the coming of
severe Winter weather, which may be
expected by December, the sufferings
of the poor will be very great.
The principal grievance of the miners
is insufficient pay for their work. The
executive board of the TJnited Mine
workers says: "Wages of miners have
not kept pace with the cost of living,
and in some instances have been re
duced; they have been required to deal
in company stores and accept the serv
ices of the company's doctor; they have
been required to accept wages based
upon an antiquated sliding scale that
invariably slides downward; they have
had their wages reduced by an arbi
trary and exorbitant system of dock
age; they have been compelled to wait
for their pay weeks after the time speci
fied by law."
The miners are likely to win, if they
abstain from violence to life and prop
erty, because -they ought to win, and
are generally supported by the press, of
the Atlantic seaboard states, which
fairly say that the demand for arbitra
tion ought not to have been refused
for the abatement of such grievances as
the company store, the company doctor,
the price of powder and the delay in the
payment of wages earned. There is no
reason why the purchase of powder
should not be free, and the company
store and company doctor ought not to
be maintained against the will of the
miners. The delay in the payment of
wages earned is a clear injustice, since
tbe miner can buy on better terms for
cash than he can on credit. It Is but
just to say that the executive board of
the TJnited Mlneworkers declined to fol
low the petition of the anthracite min
ers of Pennsylvania, who desired to
strike at once, but postponed final ac
tion in order that the employers might
have further opportunity to avert the
strike and avoid the enormous loss and
confusion which must fall on the metal
Industries of the Atlantic seaboard
states. On the face of the present
showing, the press and the public at
the East are In sympathy with the
strikers, who had a good case for arbi
tration but have been peremptorily re
fused a hearing.
THE ECONOMIC FUTURE OP CHINA.
A very intelligent Englishman, A. B.
Colquhoun, in an article on the Chinese
crisis, describes the Chinese as people
of enormous numbers, whose traditions
have gathered force- and intensity for
thousands of years, and Impart a per
manence to their national character
against which we may dash In vain our
own superior qualities of mind and
heart. To modify this national charac
ter will take centuries. The common
point of contact between the Anglo
Saxon and the Chinaman Is the com
mercial Instinct The military profes
sion is held by them in contempt; the
priesthood is treated as a low grade of
life, but the merchant, even the petty
trader, is held In the greatest repute.
The leading banker in a provincial town
ranks next to the prefect The genius
of the hard-working, ingenious, eco
nomical' Chinese Is pre-eminently for
trade. Commercial Integrity is both
high and universal in China, although
honesty Is not accounted a virtue In
private dealing. Even the Viceroys are
open to bribes. The system of bribing
is so general and widespread that it is
a regular source of income to a laTge
number of government officials whose
pay is inadequate.
The Chinese love of making money
is so intense that there Is nothing short
of dishonoring his ancestors that a Chi
naman will not do for a large bribe.
And yet so paradoxical Is the Chinese
character that a Chinaman is not mean
but generous almost to a fault lends
freely with little expectation of return,
takes small account of trifles in settling
a bill, and seldom sues for a debt. Mr.
Colquhoun explains this paradoxical
condition by saying that it is not mere
greed which lies at the bottom of the
Chinese passion for commerce, but the
fascination of the hazard, the give and
take of commercial life. The Japan
ese are wholly lacking in the Chinese
commercial morality, for while the
spoken agreement is everywhere bind
ing between traders In China, the small
est transaction in Japan must be re
duced to writing. Mr. Colquhoun In
sists that there can be-no permanent
settlement of the Chinese question
which treats the people as savages, and,
talcing them at their lowest level, pun
ishes their treachery and Ignorance with
fire and sword and the iron heel. "They
are not savages," he says, "not a bar
barian horde, but a nation, a gigantic
and by no means effete nation; they are
a people of distinct and powerful char
acteristics, capable not only of evil, but,
with the virtues of commercial moral
lb', of endurance and of Industry, of
much good."
This is the deliberate, well-considered
estimate of the Chinese people by the
ablest and most Intelligent English trav
eler who has recently traversed China
at his leisure and given his conclusions
to the public press. His picture of the
Chinese people supports the view that
the outcome of a reformed China,
through, the general introduction of ma
chinery, improved manufacturing and
agricultural processes and adequate
transportation facilities, will prove a
tremendous stimulus to International
trade. Japan, after a brief period of
instruction and assimilation, has be
come a prosperous buyer as well as
seller In many lines of manufactures,
and Is an aspirant for a large part of
the carrying' trade In that part of the
globe. Last 3'ear In the port of New
Chwang the Japanese vessels in number
and tonnage ranked next to those of
Great Britain, and far exceeded those of
all other treaty powers' put together.
Japan is a commercial rival of Great
Britain today in Singapore, and is seek
ing trade In India ,
What the Western world would have
to expect were the field of commercial
competition once fairly entered by
China, with its four hundred millions, Is
set forth by Alleyne Ireland In the cur
rent number of the North American Re
view. Mr. Ireland believes that If
China should adopt Western methods
for ten consecutive years to an extent
that should still leave one white man
equal to five Chinamen In productive
efficiency, that Chinese exports would
amount to $1,600,000,000, equal to 75 per
cent of the total exports from the
United States and tho United Kingdom
together In 1S97.
The possibilities of such industrial
activity as this in promotion of interna
tional trade can be seen at a 'glance.
Chinese exporters would be likely to
concentrate their efforts on the markets
of tropical and sub-tropical regions,
such as those of India, Burmah, Ceylon,
Slam. Singapore, Borneo, New Guinea,
tropical Africa, Brazil, Peru, and other
South American countries. With an ex
haustless supply of coal and Iron, and
an exhaustless supply of cheap labor,
Mr. Ireland thinks that awakened China
would be able to undersell all competi
tors in tropical and sub-tropical mar
kets, since the Chinaman has more in
dustry than the negro, more strength
and endurance than the East Indian.
Perhaps Mr. Ireland .does not wish to be
so understood, but he gives the impres
sion that he conceives commercial ac
tivity purely a matter of exports, for
getting that the trader must buy as well
as sell. Japan's exports have grown
from 90,000,000 yen In 1893 to 163,000,000
yen in. 1897, or 81 per cent; but her Im
ports grew in the same time from 89,
000,000 yen to 219,000;000 yen, or 146 per
cent The rise of a people in productive
power Is always accompanied by a rise
In its consuming power. The more they
earn the more they want to buy.
TOWNE AS AN ANTI-IMPERIALIST.
Orator Towne has a deserved reputa
tion as an expert dodger and glib dia
lectician; and It is not to be assumed
that he will undertake to give square
answers to the square questions pro
posed by a correspondent In this Issue
of The Oregonlan. He left the Repub
lican party because at St. Louis the
extreme free sllverlsts were practically
kicked out He became a Silver-Republican
presumably because the money
question wa3 the only issue between his
former party and him. He became a
Populist because he got a Vlce-Presl-dentlal
nomination which he erroneous
ly thought was an open sesame to. the
Democratic heart And now he is an
antl-lmperiallst and has assumed the
customary Democratic guardianship
over the Constitution, the Declaration
of independence and the immortal
sayings and doings of Abraham Lin
coln. This, we may believe, qualifies
Towne to consider himself as good a
Democrat as Bryan, where two months
ago he was as good a Populist as Cy
clone Davis, and four months ago as
sound a "Silver" Republican as Teller.
Orator Towne comes to Oregon in be
half of a party which has declared the
Issue of Imperialism paramount and the
issue of silver immediate. That he is
more at home in discussion of he latter
question is quite obvious frem the in
adequacy and feebleness of nis presen-"
tatlon 6f the former. He whines be
cause some one wanted to put the
"Democratic party in a hole" in its
denial of consent of the governed in the
South and its strenuous affirmation of
that principle in the Philippines. The
hole is of the Democracy's own making,
and it is there because it crawled In of
Its own motion. For fear of negro dom
ination in the South, if employs the
shotgun and enforces the rule of the
kuklux. For fear of Republican success
and continued Republican control in the
Nation, It snivels about human liberty
and consent of the governed, In our
distant possessions. In Its entire his
tory the Democratic party has stood for
denial of the doctrine that all men are
created equal. In its entire history ,the
Republican party has declared and en
forced that principle, In every practi
cable and reasonable way. What is
there about the Republican party's rec
ord or Its present policy and tendencies
to give color to the stupid and lying
accusation that It Intends to drive an
aspiring people under the yoke Into a
state of vassalage and bondage? - What
is there about the history and traditions
of the Democratic party to encourage
the belief that it cares any more for
the social and political liberties of the
colored man in the Philippines than the
colored man in the Carollnas? All Its
professions are mawkish sentimental
ity, hypocritical pretense.
No one, not even Mr. Towne, seriously
thinks that tlie Filipino will not be
given the largest measure of personal
liberty, compatible with his own wel
fare, under the American flag. No one,
not even Mr. Towne, thinks that he can
have any real liberty at all under the
Filipino flag.
Bryan tries to sop up votes of the
traveling salesmen by telling them the
Republicans are to blame for the trusts,
and that under the trust system they
are not needed, and will be needed less
If McKlnley shall be elected. It was
not so very long ago that certain Pop
ulists, or Socialists, or Communists, or
Collectlvlsts, dr Paternallsts, orwhat not
other disgruntled nondescript political
faction, declaimed the traveling sales
men a ravenous army of bloodsucking
leeches "upon the body politic, a vo
racious gorger of the farmers' suste
nance, an unproductive drag on honest
Industry. If the past were consistent
-with the present, and if trusts really
did sacrifice traveling men, these de
claimers would support McKlnley, and
the traveling man would support
Bryan, because there would be no-peace
In both jogging along together. But the
former have arrayed themselves on the
side of the Democratic apostle, and ac
tually rejoice when their Jeremiah wants'
to jolly up the traveling men. Curi
ous how some people are satisfied with
that which satisfies them not.
The United States Supreme Court is
not a fixed political fact. Congress
may increase Or diminish its numbers
at will in order to force a partisan
judgment The President inaugurated
March 4, 1901, is certain to have two
appointments to make within his term'
of' office, perhaps three. If Mr. Bryan
is the President the new Justices will
be Bryan men men who believe in the
income tax, who are opposed to Federal
Interference with state riots and believe
that greenbacks issued in peace are
good legal tender for any debt. If
Bryan is elected in November, the Su
preme Court will soon show the effect
of this chatfge. At the first opportu-.
nlty Bryan will put Bryanites on the
bench of the Supreme Court, and the
moment that the United States Senate
shows a Bryanlte majority the Presi
dent can contract or expand the Su
preme Court. '
.Chief Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes,
of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts,
in a recent opinion) declares that In his
judgment It Is lawful for a "body of
workmen "to try by combination to get
more than they are now getting, al
though they do it at the expense of their
fellows, and to that end to strengthen
their union by the boycott and the
strike." The case -before him arose out
of the struggle for supremacy of two
labor unions of the same craft. One
union undertook to boycott the other by
serving notice upon the "bosses'' that
members of the rival organization were
non-union men. This was understood
to be an implied threat that the union
Berving the notice would order a strike
against bosses who should continue to
employ members of the other union.
The Massachusetts Supreme Court en
joins such action, but Chief Justice
Holmes strongly; dissented from his
brethren on the bench.
The complete success of the Street
Carnival is best revealed in these com
plimentary notices of neighboring news
papers. Their testimony to the good
work done is more Impressive than the
united voice of Portland business men
in specification of the trade benefits.
The essential thing in all this com
ment is to recognize the profound serv
ice rendered by the Order of Elks, which
took the enterprise in hand after the
usual exposition had been given up, and
made it a brilliant success In every
way. In Its details of administration
as well as in Its tangible spectacular
and material effects, the fair has been
a notable event in the city's history,
and should prove the beginning of many
similar undertakings.
' It Is hoped Emperor William can bor
row money in the United States un
hampered by the gold syndicate. If he
can discover a way, he is brainier than
any American statesman, and Bryan
wilkno longer have to fret himself for
a solution. Come to think about It, this
loan will furnish another Democratic
campaign argument What true Amer
ican would lend gold to a King? He
that would is a mercenary and an im
perialist, a scourge upon republican in
stitutions, a bane to the sacred legacies
of Jefferson and Lincoln. And the
President who would permit such a
loan, what sort of a true American is
he? Down with the gold syndicate, the
gold standard and gold McKlnley I
Among the thousands of liberal con
tributions to the Texas sufferers, some
may perhaps become lodged in unde
serving places, or go astray into unwor
thy pockets. It has been said this is
what happened to a considerable part
of the Johnstown donations. Since no
one will be, or can be, held strictly ac
countable for all receipts or disburse
ments, the generosity of the American
people may suffer abuse. However,
there is no way of avoiding the possi
bility except by withholding' benefac
tions. It is far more urgent that those
I1 bereft' of home and fortune shall be re
lieved than that nothing, shall be con
tributed for' fear some scamp may dis
count the fuiids. - Hr i '
The loss of life at Galveston is esti
mated at over 6000, while the loss of
property will not fall short of $12,000,000.
The Texas disaster, it is believed, ex
ceeds that of the memorable flood at
Johnstown, Pa., in 1889, when some 2300
lives were lost and property damaged
to' the amount of $9,750,000. More than
$3,000,000 was given to Johnstown, and
there is need of a greater sum at Gal
veston. There is no insurance collecti
ble against these losses from wind and
water. There Is no compensation for
property lost at Galveston, except what
the people of the country are willing to
give.
Census statistics so far as received
show that In the last decade the number
of manufacturing establishments in the
United States increased from 323,000 to
528000. This is not in strict accord with
the theory that only great business con
cerns havea chance of success in this
country. t
REPUBLICAN VIEWS OF TRUSTS.
"Tariff duties which enable trusts . . .
.'to raise prices . . .' should be lowered
In the public interest Minneapolis Jour
nal, s
The duties must be repealed when It
is shown that the trusts are profiting: by
them. Ex-Senator Washburn, of Min
nesota, e
T. emphatically favor removing all tariff
protection from every Industry that be
longs to a combination formed in re
straint of trade. Governor Mount, of In-
diana.
Whenever this free competition is evad
ed or avoided by combination of individ
uals or corporations, the duty should be
reduced and foreign competition promptly
invited. John Sherman, of Ohio.
vThe whole list of protected monopolies
ought to be brought within the purview
of a tariff reform which would enable
foreign competition to put a limit on
their ability to raise prices. St Paul
Pioneer Press.
The time will soon come when public
opinion will no longer tolerate protective
."duties on trust products; for protection
should logically promote home competi
tion, while trust organization destroys it.
Now York Commercial Advertiser.
Most certainly it should be the duty of
Congress ... to abolish or suspend
tho protective duty on the products of
any Industry which has been organized
Into a trust, and which has arbitrarily
raised the prices of such products. Chi
cago Times-Herald.
What is Imperatively required is a re
vision of the tariff such as will modify
tho rates, or, better still, place upon the
free list all foreign goods, whether raw
material or finished product that are
the subject of domestic monopoly. Phil
adelphia Public Ledger.
Prosperity of the Farmers.
. r St. Paul Pioneer -Press.
The division of statistics of the TJnited
States Bureau of Agriculture has compiled
the figures showing the increased returns
ta farmers for the year 1899 as compared
with 1895, in each of the states of the
Union, on the following classes of live
stock: Horses, mules, milch cows, other
cattlo and sheop. The figures given for
.the Northwestern States are as follows:
Jan. 1;1S35. Jan. 1. 1000.
Minnesota ...,......$ 43,360.388 $ 02.003.079
Iowa 117,823.331 170,020,821
Kansas 71,030,093 116,750.873
Nebraska 48.922.001 102,145,134
South DaUota 21,005,420 40,308.320
North Dakota 15,389,326 23,133,131
Wisconsin 40,024,562 78,711,571
' In all the states the total increase dur
ing William McKlnley's Administration is
from $1,041,393,339 to $2,042,810,813, or, $501,-
444,474. Swine are not included In the above
because the statistics had not been, com
piled when the statement was issued, and
tho Increased returns from hogs would add
largely to this increase, especially in tho
Northwestern States. So that aside from
tho grain, dairy and other products of the
farmers, these Immense gains on livestock
alone are Indicative of their general pros
perity throughout tho country.
i
REAL JEFFERSOKIAN POLICY.
Close Parallel 'Between Louisiana
Then and Dependencies Now.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
"Shall we be called on to show that
this Government is inconsistent with
every principle of civil liberty? Is it
necessary for us to demonstrate that this
act does not 'Incorporate U3. in the
Union,' that it vests us with none of the
'rights,' gives us no advantages, and
deprives us of the 'immunities' of Amer
ican citizens?"
Most readers will doubtless suppose
that the foregoing Is a protest from Fil
ipinos against the rule of the United
States, or of Porto Ricans against tho
act for their government that act which
Mr. Bryan declares to be "Imperialism"
In practice at Its wors.t Not so. This
Is an extract from the protest of the dis
satisfied minority of Loulslanlans agaln3t
the rule of Thomas Jefferson.
These Loulslanlans did not liko the
government imposed upon them by Con
gress. "This Governor," they said, "is
vested with all executive and -almost un
limited legislative power. The council
operates as a cloak to conceal the ex
tent of his authority, and to give us tho
faint semblance of a representative as
sembly." These are exactly the Demo
cratic criticisms of the present tempo
rary and transitional governments of
Porto Rico and the Philippines. Against
this sort of government the impatient
Loulslanlans appealed to "your Declara
tion of Independence," etc., just as Mr.
Bryan does now.
What was the answer of Congress to
these complaining Loulslanlans? John
Randolph, from the committee to which
their protest was referred, on January
25, 1S05, reported that "the grievances
felt by the memorialists are of a nature
Inseparable from those sudden transitions
to which late political events have sub
jected the inhabitants of Louisiana." Ho
then went on to deny the interpretation
given by, the complainants to the treaty
of Paris, and concluded: "The imputa
tion of a want of good faith is unsup
ported by the treaty and repugnant to
the American character."
i On March 2, 1605, Congress "passed an
act for the government of tho territory
of Orleans. That act provided a form of
government practically Identical with
that lately given Porto Rico. The Pres
ident appointed the Governor, who ap
pointed the upper house of the Legisla
ture. The people elected only the lower
house. Thus was the present State of
Louisiana governed until it became a
state, in 1812. The northern part of old
French Louisiana was ruled by an ap
pointed Governor and council, and not
until 1812 were the people of Missouri
and Arkansas permitted to elect Legis
lators. Such was the interpretation given
by Thomas Jefferson and his party to
"consent of the governed."
These historic facts show how absurd
is the contention of Mr. Bryan concern
ing the "consent" of tho Filipinos to
their government Thomas Jefferson and
Congress disregarded and overruled the
protest of the Louisiana minority. Jef
ferson ruled Louisiana at first just as
We are now ruling the Philippines, and
later as we are now ruling Porto Rico.
Thomas Jefferson knew that ho was do
ing what was best for all the people of
Louisiana. William McKlnley Is now do
ing what 13 best for all the Filipinos.
The Republican policy is the Jeffersonlan
policy.
' THE SUPREME COURT.
possible Changes In Store'' if Bryan
I Is Elected..
Chicago Times-Herald.
Attention has been called to the possi
bility that it may fall to the lot of the
next President to effect a complete reor
ganization of the Supreme Court of the
United States during the four years be
ginning March 4, 1901. The statement
has also been made that seven of the nine
Judges now constituting the court may, If
they choose, leave the bench within the
next four years. The following table
effectively disposes of the latter assump
tion, unless it is made on the unlikely
supposltion that Justices Brewer, Brown
and White may resign before they are
entitled to retire on full pay:
COMPOSITION OF THE SUPREME COURT
OF THE UNITED STATES.
Date of
Date of appoint-
Name. birth. ment.
John M. Harlan 1S33 ,1877
Horace Gray 1828 ISSt
Melville W. Fuller 1833 1883
David J. Brewer 1837 1880
Henry B. Brown 1830 1800
George Shlras, Jr 1832 1892
Edward D. White 1845 1893
Rufus W. Peckham 1837 1805
Joseph McKenna 1843 1897
It will be perceived that Justice uray
Is the only member of the court who at
this writing Is entitled to retire on full
pay. The law is that a Justice must have
held his commission as such 10 years and
have reached 70 years of age during hla
service to be entitled to resign with pay.
Under this rule, Justice Gray can retire
any time he feels so inclined, while Chief
Justice Fuller and Justices Harlan and
Shiras may do so within tho next four
years.
Justices Brewer, Brown and White, al
though their terms of service would en
title them to resign with pay during tho
next administration, will hot be 70 years
of age until Mr. McKlnley has completed
his second term or Mr. Bryan his first.
But the possibility that the appointment
of fcur Justices of the Supreme Court
of the United States may fall to the lot
of Mr. McKlnley's successor is enough
to render the election of William J.
Bryan Impossible. It Is a possibility be
fore which every conservative element In
the Nation recoils.
It is safe to say that William Jennings
Bryan will not be intrusted with the re
sponsibility of selecting successors to
Chief Justice Fuller and Justices Harlan,
Gray arid Shlra3. Imagination falters
as it contemplates the utter incapacity
of Mr. Bryan for the task of preserving
the Ugh character of the Supreme Court
of the United States.
And yet the reorganization of this court
is One of his pet passions.
Hearst Warns Bryan.
Mr. W. R. Hearst, of the San Fran
cisco Examiner, the New York Journal
and the Chicago American, Is one of the
greatest of American expansionists. He
gavo Mr. Bryan a few words of advice
in the San Francisco Examiner April 27,
1899:
We trust that Mr. Bryan will yet range him
self In line -with the National aspirations for
expansion. The time has come, as It comes at
Intervals to every vigorous nation 03 It has
come to ours on several former occasions
when tho old boundaries are too contracted for
tho pulsing life within them, and when tho
health of tho body politic demands that room.
The popular Instinct understands the need for
these periodical expansions, and every genuine
statesman understands It, too.
Tho popular Instinct of a nation cannot bo
changed In 16 months, nor can a creaturo of
expediency be converted Into a statesman by
an appeal to the truths of history.
Mr. Bryan may think he is close
to the people, and that his silly tnllc
about "imperialism" moves thcra, hut
ha Tvill soon find oat that Americans
are as much in favor of expansion
today as they -were when they ap
plauded the ncqnlfliiion of the Louis
iana territory by that noted impe
rialist, Thoxnns Jefferson.
... 'P
Democrats for Expansion.
"We declare in favor of a strict adherence to
the traditional policy of the Democratic party
In the matter of territorial extension; that the
speedy annexation of Hawaii, tho Independence J
of Cuba, Porto Rico and the Philippines and
their acculsltlons are favored, if in keeping
with endurlnff :pace with the powers ot Eu
rope. This is not an extract from a Repub
lican platform; not at all. It Is part of
tho platform adopted by the Democrats at
Mount Clemens, Mich., in June, 1S3S. It
contrasts strongly with what these same
Democrats are now asked to support if
they follow tho vagaries of Mr. Bryan.
WEATHER BUREAU'S GOOD WORK.
In Connection With Galveston Hor
ror and Lake Storm.
Chicago Tribune.
Tho great value of the Weather BGreau
and the remarkable correctness of its ob
servations, all things considered, have
been demonstrated by the events of the
last few days. It gave warning of the
recent hurricane days before It mani
fested Itself on the Texas coast It an
ticipated its course from the vicinity of
San Domingo until it reached Cuban
waters, where it made a deflection no
human skill could havo foreseen. The
bureau was not caught napping, however.
It sent out Its hurricane signals -both
for the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf Coast
and whon the storm turned from the
north of Cuba westward tho bureau
turned its attention to Texas, and on the
morning of the 7th. nearly 36 hours beforo
the disaster, warned the people of Gal
veston of its coming, and during that
day extended it3 signals all along the
Texas coast, thus preventing vessels frpm
leaving. Of course, the observers could
not know what terrible energy it would
gain crossing the Gulf of Mexico.
Perhaps still greater accuracy In fore
casting was displayed by tho bureau In
the warnings given out to mariners on
the Great Lakes on Tuesday morning
Though nearly all lines of communica
tion in Texas were cut off, the bureau
kept track of the storm as it swept
through Oklahoma Into Kansas, and gave
timely warning that It would turn north
oast, moving across Northern Illinois and
Southern Wisconsin, and thence across
Lake Michigan and the northern end of
the southern peninsular of Michigan to
Canada. It further predicted the furious
winds which swept through the city on
Tuesday, their maximum velocity, the
change caused during the early evening
by the northwest current from Lake Su
perior, and the fall of temperature yes
terday to the nicety of a degree. Even
vessel captain on the lakes had ample
warning given him.
In times gone by it has been the habit
tp jeer at Old Probabilities, and when
ever a prediction failed of verification to
condemn the Weather Bureau as unrelia
ble and not worth the expense of Its
maintenance. During the last few years,
however. Its operators have gained In
skill, and Its record now Is of a character
of which Its officials have every reason
to be proud and which amply justifies
whatever expense it may entail by its
great saving of life and property. There
are still some unreasonable persons who
flout at the bureau every time its "pre
dictions" fail of verification. They do not
take into account that Its "predictions"
are "probabilities" only, and that in un
settled weather, especially In the region
of Chicago, where the influences of the
lake are uncertain factors to deal with,
even probabilities are sometimes hazard
ous. In no Instance, however, when a
storm Is on Its way or the wind at a dis
tance has reached a certain velocity, has
the bureau failed in its forecasts. It
"probabilities" are rapidly becoming cer
tainties. Soldiers Like the Philippines.
Manila Freedom.
A considerable number of the volun
teer soldiers whose terms of enlistment
exph-e on June 30, 1901, express a wish
to remain in the Philippines. Some of
these men advance the argument that
they helped to bear the brunt of tha bat
tle in suppressing the insurrection; that
to return to the States with their regi
ments means permanent discharge from
the service of arms, and, lacking the
necessary means, they will be unable to
return to the islands.
Many of the men who wish to mako a
temporary or permanent home In the
Philippines are mechanics; some are sten
ographers, clerk3 and miners, and they
are men of character and patriotism,
such as would help to strengthen the
American colony and bring order out of
chaos. With conditions still unsettled,
and with tho public Improvements under
way and contemplated, there would bo
plenty of work for all of them from tho
start, and with the knowledge they have
of tho islands the eye for the main
chance could be used to advantage. We
need the help of these sturdy, pushing
men, and wo hope the War Department
may see Its way to grant tho boon they
ask.
BIEN AND WOMEX. '
General Joseph Wheeler has been under flro
more than S0O times, and has commanded In
200 battles.
Of the lato Duke of ArcyU's daughters, one
only married a man of title Lady Edith, who
Is now Duchess of Northumberland. Four mar
ried plain country gentlemen, one Is the wife
of the Bishop of Peterborough, and Lady Vic
toria Is unmarried.
King Leopold of Belgium Is a good sailor
and a thorough yachtsman. Tho King remains
on deck during the worat storms, smoking
big, strong cigars, when all tho other passen
gers, officers of the royal household and In
vited guests seek refugo In tholr cabins.
The Revue Bibllque Internationale, of Jeru
salem, gives an account of the adventures of
the French explorers, Reno Dussand and Fred
eric Maclar, who spent a month In the Inhos
pitable Interior of tho Safah. They brought
back more than 500 Inscriptions In Arabic and
soveral hundred In Greek and other languages.
Marie Ronge, a German lady, who was born
In London, and now resides In Wurtemburg.
has found an original way of utilizing her fine
library. She writes to school teachers, espe
cially In rural regions, to ascertain their taste
In the way of reading, and then sends them
parcels of hor books, to be returned at her ex
pense aftor they havo been read.
Dr. Charles E. English, Queen LUluokalanl'B
private physician for over two years, has sued
her for 55000 in tho courts of Honolulu. Ho
declares that ho gave up all practice to at
tend her, for which he was-to receive $300 a
month, with a bonus of S500O uhould she part
with his services. In case she should receive
compensation for crown land, he was to have
gotten $30,000. In July, ho claims, .she sud
denly dropped him, and refused to pay tho
bonus.
Alexander Ramsey, of Minneapolis, "first ter
ritorial Governor of Minnesota, was 85 years
old the other day, and is as hale and hearty
as many men a score of years his Junior. Ram
sey ranks as one of the oldest statesmen in
Minnesota. He served first as Mayor of St.
Paul; then as Governor of Minnesota terri
tory; was second Governor of tho state; served
as United States Senator; was Secretary of
War under President Hayes, and has filled
other offices of distinction.
The Sons of the Singer.
Arthur Ketchum In Llpplncotfs.
Day long upon the dreaming hills
One watched tho Idle hours fade by
And had no thought of other thing
Than waving grass and Summer sky.
And all the wilding scents and sounds
The lavish-hearted season brought
Ho made his own and prisoned them
Within the llttlo songs he wrought.
While he was singing, In the town.
His busy brethren bought and sold.
And got them place and circumstance.
And all the pride and pomp of gold.
But when the night enroe with tho stars,
And on the hills her silence laid.
Ho. homeward turning, bora with him
Naught save tho careless songs he made.
"O Prodigal!" his brother cried.
"And have you done no better thing?
And la it thus you spend your day
To droam in sunshine and to sing?"
But he, remembering those still hours
The dream had made so eloquent
The waving grass, the Summer sky,
Tho purple hillside smiled, content
NQrE AND COMMENT. ,v
When a man Is hIs"own best frlcna he
Is moat in need of being delivered from
him. L
It is rumored Walderseo Is taking Ut
easy In order to allow his typewrltitta to
catch up. I
A man In Westmoreland, Kan:, W
named Toothaker- He seems to need
pull of some kind.
They are advertising cheap Gas In Chi
cago. Is there going to be another Dem
ocratic rally there?
Mrs. Lease Is doing some very effective?
campaign work for Bryan. She is openly
supporting McKlnley.
The fact that the'cnmpoitgn is warming
up may be taken as an evidence that tha
weather Is getting cooler.
Of course, when Bryan Rets to heaven
he wilL try to have the Pilgrim Fathers
expelled on an old chars of criminal ag
gression. The Democrats declare that Imperialism;
Is a fine paramount Issue, but they ar
all grabbing enthusiastically at the coal
miners strike.
It is said Croker proposes to take the
stump. Having shaken the tree till it
was broken down, there is nothing eao
left for him to take.
The Hon. Mark Hanna Is profoundly so
licitous; however, not so much that tho
McKlnley dynasty might be overthrown
as that Hanna might cease to be Prima
Minister.
Tho most thoroughly happy and self
satisfied person seen during a stroll
through every department of the Street
Fair the other evening was a little mlsa
of some five Summers, who was patroniz
ing the "merry-go-round," In charge of
a brother a few years older. She wasJ
mounted on a handsome horse, and to sae
the heavenly expression of her counte
nance as she flew around the circle was
well worth the price of admission. With
hor head erect, her shoulders well thrown
back and a firm and steady grasp of tho
reins, she maintained a perfect control
of her spirited steed, gracefully adapting;
herself to every motion of the hlgh-met-tled
animal, like an experienced horse
woman. While the machinery continued
to revolve she was utterly oblivious to
everything but her bounding steed, and
gavo her whole attention to guiding and
controlling it, and when the wheels
stopped and her brother assisted hor to
alight, she said to him. with a deep
drawn sigh of pleasure: "I doso lova
horseback riding, Charlie."
I got t' go t school today.
Got t' start at eight;
Can't play nothln' on th' way
rur fear that I'll get late.
Teacher'l say, "Now. girls anboys.
Jus' keep your eye. this way,
'N stop that dreadful 3hufnln'vmlse;
Thts ain't the time t play."
J' then we all mus sit so still.
N' look right straight ahead.
N keep In "first position'" till
"We all feel almost dead.
It's awful hard fur little chaps
T learn how t' begin
Th' books n' charts 'n leafs 'n' map
We got t study In.
N all the while we watch th clock.
That turns aroun so slow,
'N counts th' hours off tltk-tqck.
Seems 'slf they'd never go.
We think about th'fun it was
To Ju-i havo alt day through
To run aroun In play, because
We'd nothln else t' do.
But now we got f sit up stiff.
'R "face." 'r "right about."
N' school's so slow It seems as u.
It never would get out.
My ma she says I ought t" try
T 'bey tho teacher's rule.
But taln't no use t' do It; I
Jus' hate t go t' school. w
. or.
Preserve From Rose.
Brooklyn Eagle.
From a Long Island woman, members
of whose family lived for a long time in
Damascus, tho following recipe for ro.?a
syrup is obtained:
Cut tho roses in full bloom, pull out
the petals and spread on a tray to pre
vent mildew. Keep cutting the ro3es ofC
and spreading the petals out until therei
Is enough for a Jar or a tumbler of pre
serve. If you can do up only a small quan
tity. Then put the rose leaves Into a pre
serve kettle, with water, cover and cook,
till tender. Add sugar and boil until It
forms a syrup. Pour Into fruit cans or
Jelly Jars. In Damascus this is served
In small cups and passed around on sil
ver trays for visitors to partake of.
It makes, also, a delicious addition to
pudding sauce, or the batter for delicate
cake, and the English or American resi
dents of Damascus have added it to
mlnco pie meat with happy results, a.
peculiarly delicate flavor being imparted
to the pie.
PLEASANTRIES OF PABAGRAPHERS
Bitter Logic Small boy (In" fish market)
Have you anv dry fiih? Flshorman Yes, son
nle. 8mall boy Well, give them a drink then.
Harlem Life.
"Do you find fishing a hard life?" "Tes, sir:
yer sco. If tho ol woman don't happen to havo
no lodgero. why, there's nothing but work to
look forrard to, sir." Juric.
A Quick Answer. "Paw. what Is stage
fright?" asked the boy, oponlntr his bag of
popcorn. "Stage fright?" repcuted his father,
pointing to a vefran of the chorus; "why,
thero is one." Philadelphia P.cord.
Tou Have Noticed This. "Have you notlcd
the automobile face?" "Jfo; what expression
does It wear?" "The man in the automobile
looks as It ho wanted to get home alive, but
knew he wouldn't." Chicago Record.
PVapa Not. "Seem3 to me I've met you
somewhere, sir. I can't recall your name, but
I'm sure I've been In your company before.
"I think not, sir. but you know best. I'm tile
keeper of the House of Correction." PIck-Me-Up.
01d-Fashioned.-McJlgger-I see Mr. Barn
paws, the circus man. was married the other
day. That was something of a m""0"
him. Thingumbob-Why so? McJIgger-Tho
wedding was nothing but a one-rlmc pcrfomT
ance Philadelphia Press.
"In Shanghai."
Baltlmoro American.
They aro doing awful deeds
In Shanshai.
Why, the cable fairly bleeds
In Shanghai.
With the corpses In the mud.
And the streets awash with blowt
With a ruddy, gory flood.
In Shanghai.
Every message written there
in Shanghai
Tells of things to raise the halr-
In Shanghai
Tells of murder, fire and loot.
By some big and bloody brute
There's a fanciful galoot
In Shanghai.
Every day the guna go "bang-
In Shanghai,
And they cap'turo Lt Hung ChanR
In Shanghai .
Whlls the Emperor, defied.
Loses all his royal pride .
Does his dally suicide.
In Shanghai.
Oh, they manufactuTO lies
In Shanghai.
Right before your very eye
In Shanghai. T -
"Lie like sin" must be tha ruU i,
Of tho liars calm and cool. V"
Ananias went to school
la Shanghai.