THE MQBNENQ- OREGOfflAN; TUESDAY, -SEPTEMBER 18, 1900.'
ff
LAW NOT REGARDED
Does Not Figure In th Ship
ping of Sailors.
SUPPLY AND DEMAND DETERMINE
Statement Br Xacle Grant of Hli tide
-SUM Orettlla. ssd Genista.
Held, on OeBBrrsre.
T3a .law as to ohfirjres for chipping:
ailor is not considered by us in our
business," said Jack Grant, of the sailor
boarding-house firm of Sullivan, Grant
Bros. & "McCacron, to an Oregonlan re
porter yesterday, "it has no influence
whatever in regulating tho shipping: of
sailors."
"Are you willing: to be quoted as say
ins that?" was asked.
"Certainly," -was the response. 'It is
t&o truth, and we have no desire to
conceal it The law of supply and de
mand le ihlgher than the statute, and
controls this as well as other businesses.
We know we are violating the statute,
but what of it? The demands and cus
toms of shipping Justify It, and statutes
conflict, anyway, the Oregon law reading
one way and that of the United States
another. But we don't split hairs over
this difference. We simply do business
regardless of statutes, keep our agree
ments, treat men squarely who are de
cent to us, and protect ourselves in our
rights.
"Portland is different from most other
ports. Sliips that come here are from
foreign parts. The sailors to man one
ship must be the men who come in on
others, and the margin of loss by the
men going into other lines and not ship
ping out is considerable. No ship could
get a crew from here if the men did not
leave some other vessel desert. When
they do this they become available for
manning other ships. They must be
taken care of while here, and must be
outfitted when shipped again, and it all
costs- money. I don't know who should
stand this expense if those who want
the men should not. That's what we
charge for. We are making money at
It, and we don't have to go hungry. All
this is true and wo don't deny it.
"We -had an agreement with the ship
agents of Portland by which we were to
get $00 per man for all the sailors
shipped $20 advance and $35 "blood
money.' That was only 50 per cent of
what had been charged previously, but it
was understood that we were to get all
the business; at least, that the agents
were to exert their influence with the
captains to give us all the business. That
worked all right, satisfactory to both
till last Spring, when the Dovenby Hall
broke the agreement. Since then we have
made it more expensive to those who are
so unreliable. The prices made, lately are
too high, I know, higher than in any
other Pacific Coast port, but it Is not our
fault. We live from Portland shipping,
and want to see It prosper as much as
any man does. Our interests at stake
are greater than those of many who
assail us. We will do business on a
living basis with men who are -satisfied
with that, and will take every means of
protecting our business, Just as anybody
else would.
"'Our agreement with Portland export
ers was broken by the captains refusing
to abide by the advice of these agents
and getting cut rates from the railor
boardlng-hbue of Kenny & Lynch, in As
toria. Wo had to take In. the Astoria
concern and stop ,the competition, which
placed us In control of the sailor supply
en the Columbia, and in position to dic
tate to troublesome captains. These cap
tains make all the trouble.. During Jhe
year the agreement was In" effect, after
tho Howard D. Troop affair, we paid ewry
captain a sum varying from $S to $1S per
man for every sailor, out of the $55 al
lowed -us. This sometimes left us pretty
slim picking.
Captains Said to Connive.
"The captains are glad to have us get
their men ashore, and are willing to pay
for it. The men, by deserting the rhlp,
also' abandon the pay due them, perhaps
SO each. Why, the master of the Orealla
paid us $25 apiece to get the 1G men away
from his ship, and now he Is making a
great roar because his men are gone and
he Goes not like our terms for new
sailors.
"People continually give us the worst
of the deal," concluded Grant. "They
won't believe our story, and when any
body howls about seamen's abuses we at
once stand convicted In the public mind,
no matter how unreasonable the charge
against us may be. We are regarded by
many as conducting an illegitimate busi
ness, and nothing we can say will fcland
against the complaints made by others.
So we have to look out for ourselves."
Tj Denies It.
Captain William O. Tyer, master of the
Orealla, was asked about the truth of
Grant's statement that he paid for hav
ing the Orealla's sailors enticed away, and
he indignantly denied it. "It Is absolutely
false," said he 'Why, if I had wanted to,
how couid I have done that? I had no
money, and have drawn no such sum
since I came here. The men were eiitlced
away -from my ship before I had seen any
of the sailor boarding-house men." Bal
four, Guthrie & Co.. agents for the ves
sel's owners, also said the captain had
not drawn so much money since he came
to port
"A Practical Arrangement."
C. E. S. Wood, of the law firm of Will
iams, Wood & Llnthlcum, said he had ar
ranged the understanding, in the Spring
of 1899, by which the exporters consented
to tho payment to the sailor boarding-,
house keepers of $55 per man for sailors
shipped. He, too, said the law of s-upply
arin -demand rather than the statuto con
trolled the business. He said there were
many features that he could not indorse;
that for example, he could not bring him
self to approve the practice of enticing
men to desert ship; but he was a prac
tical man, who believed in getting prac
tical .results, in doing the best that could
be done under the circumstances, and he
thought the arrangement made was the
best -that was then possible. He said the
sailor boarding-house people had fulfilled
to the last extremity their part of the
agreement and, so far .as ho knew, had
acted squarely and were entirely reliable.
At the same time he said he had been
alllGd with forces and business opposed
to these boarding-houses, and that during
the period when the $55 agreement or un
derstanding remained in force, his firm
lost much marine business because every
thing Worked so smoothly.
""! don't believe this matter will ever be
regulated satisfactorily by statute," said
Mr. Wood. "The only way to reach it
in my opinion, is to get some such un
derstanding as I arranged last year. Stat
utes cannot say how much it is worth
to supply sailors to ships."
Arrangrcnient Worlced "Well.
T. B. Wilcox, of the Portland Flouring
Mills Company, said the $55 understanding
was made as long ago as 1896; that it was
interrupted by the Troop affair, and then
restored through the offices of Mr. Wood.
He said he had found that arrangement to
work well; he had never had any trouble
wdth these sailor Tioardlng-house people,
had found them always strictly men of
their word and trustworthy in business.
"If sailors could be supplied lor less
money than these boarding-bouse men
ask. let somebody else go into the busi
ness," said Mr. Wilcox. "Let him con
form to .the statute and drive these men
out of business. That will settle the mat
ter. j.x enact laws will never remedy It
or more than you can make men honest 1
by law. I do not think it a desirable busi
ness, but It seems to be necessary, and
we must recognize It on practical grounds
or have trouble." "
"Do you think the. charge made for
sailors is too high?"
"No, under the present high charter
rates. Perhaps 5, Instead of 6 should
be the wage paid here, 1, above San
Francisco or Puget Sound. There have
been times when the charge for sailors
seemed too high, but it Is something to
have the men ready when, wanted and we
cannot have everything Just as we would
like it The cost of sailors In this port
has nothing to do with bringing of ships
here. Some ships would prefer other ports
if they could get sailors absolutely .free
here. Some are bound to come to Port
land regardless of sailor charges. Here
I have in my hand an offer by a vessel
owner who will consider no other port
than. Portland."
Will JSot Pay "Blood Money."
"Testerday Balfour, Guthrie & Co. re
ceived from the secretary of the Liverpool
Shipowners' Association the following ca
blegram In answer to the message wlrad
from Portland Saturdayi night:
-"Owners cabling masters act as you rec
ommend. Take strongest possible meas
ures."
This means, it is explained, that the
Genista and the Orealla, now lying at
the mouth of the river waiting for crews.
will be held until sailors can be obtained
without the payment of "blood money."
The vessels are not held at tho expense
of their individual ' owners, but are re
ceiving demurrage" from tho antlre asso
ciation of shipowners.
Ontrase on This Port.
Mr. Latta, of Balfour, Guthrio & Co,,
representing the Liverpool Shipowners'
Association, says It Is determined that the
"blood money" demanded in Portland for
crews for the Genista and Orealla shall
not be paid. "We will carry out the In
structions of the Liverpool Association,"
said he. "It Is an outrage on this port
that sailors should be made to cost ves
sels sailing from here $15 each for the
four months' voyage, while from ports
north and south the charge for the same
service is but $125. The Liverpool Ship
owners' Association is well aware of the
provisions of the Oregon statutes and
must not think well of a community that
will permit such gross violations to go un
punished." The British ship Blversdale will be load
ed and ready to leave next Thursday or
Friday. Captain Porter, her master, told
a reporter that he would not pay "blood
money" for men. He said three of his
crew had already been enticed away from
his ship and he expected to lose more
before the time to clear should come,
for the men cannot be confined on ship.
They come ashore and are beyond' the
control of the ship's officers at night
"I have sailed S5 years, and been In
most of the ports of the world." said
Captain Porter, "and I have not seen a
port where these abuses are practiced so
much as in Portland.
Matter of Prosecution.
"Nobody can ao successfully prosecute
for violation of seaman's rights as the
shipmasters or their agents, who have
inside information that no one else can
possibly have," said City Attorney Long.
"Of course. If a peace officer or a citizen
should have personal knowledge of in
fractions of the law it is his duty to ille
complaints But the men who handle
tho money and know the significance of
every move have a" great advantage in
prosecuting.
"Tho city has nothing to ido with en
forcement of the state law, there being
no city ordinances touching the price for
shipping seamen. Tho harbormaster
should make complaint If he knows of
any Infraction of the law, but these
transactions are never witnessed, and a
third party seldom has Information suf
ficient to warrant him In swearing that a
specific offense of that nature has been
committed. The complaint would go to
the District Attorney for prosecution; not
to the City Attorney."
"I am ready to prosecute on any com
plaint of seaman's, abuse that shall be
made to me," said District Attorney.
Chamberlain. "None has been made re
cently, but if any shall be made they
will not be neglected here. Much dif
ficulty attends such prosecutions, for the
captain, who Is usually the chief witness,
must go with his ship and cannot wait
to give testimony against the defendant
in tho Circuit Court Without such testi
mony, tho prosecution Is helpless."
At tho meeting of the Chamber of Com
merce last Tuesday the matter of re
cent abuses In the matter of seamen
was presented and referred to tho com
mittee on navigation.
Search for Deserters.
Deputy United States Marshals Rpberts
and Morse, armed with warrants for the
arrest of a number of deserting seamen,
at the request of Captains Hearn, of the
Genista;. Tyers, of the Orealla, and Por
ter, of the Blversdale, who had lost 2$
members of their crews, searched the
sailor boarding-house of Sullivan, Grant
Bros. & MeCarron yesterday' noon.1 By
appointment the officers were met at the
boarding-house by the threo captains, and
a search of the place" was made. A
number of seamen were found, but none
was claimed by any of the captains, ex
cept one, whom Captain Tyers recog
nized as a deserter from his ship, named
T. Kaptam. This man stoutly denied his
Identity, as also did P. Grant, but the
captain was certain the fellow was a
member of his crew, and so the officers
took him along. He was kept at the
Marshal's office for a time, and finally
acknowledged that he was a deserter
from the Orealla. He will be returned
to his ship.
"Now there Is an example of the an
noyances we have to stand," said Grant,
after the officers had gone with their
prisoner. "All these men are now fright
ened and will leave us before night, In
spite of anything I can say to reassure
them. They're afraid of getting in Jail."
DAY NURSERY BURNED.
Six Lives Lost In a .Salvation Army
Institution.
CINCINNATI, Sept17.-Six lives were
lost two persons were fatally Injured and
several others were seriously burned in
a fire on East Front street this evening.
The fire was in an old four-story tene
ment building that the Salvation Army
was using as a day nursery for little
children, and five of the victims killed
were little children that had. been left
there to be cared for while their parents
were out gaining a livelihood. Another
victim was a man who perished In an
attempt to save the life of his little boy.
The dead are: James Harkins, painter,
aged 40 years; Herbert Harkins, aged 4,
son of James; Khoda Harkins, aged 5
months; Hattle Williams, aged 4'months;
Edwad Mullen, aged 4 years; Myrtle
Farrell, aged 6 years.
The following are fatally Injured and
not expected to survive the night: Post
Captain Elizabeth Erlckson, of New
York, a native of Sweden, aged 25; Staft
Captain Bertha Anderson, of Chicago,
also a native of Sweden. The following
are seriously Injured and are in great
agony, but are expected to recover: Bes
sie Atkins, aged 5; Frank Hill, aged" 2
months; Albert Hill, aged 7 years; Joseph
Benton, aged 4 years.
All of the dead bodies were burned' to
a crisp, and the charred remains of
James Harkins were clasping what was
left of his little son Herbert The prop
erty loss was only $1500. On account of
the cold weather, a fire had been started
In the stove for the little tots. It was
thought that this caused the fire, through
some defect In the flue.
Daily Treasury Statement.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 17. Today's state
ment of the Treasury balances In the gen
eral fund, exclusive of the $150,000,000 gold
reserve In the division of redemption,
shows:
Gold 1!'.'.'.!". 73737039
SAME OLD ARGUMENT
(Continued from, First Pago.)
Senate. A .Senator Is no less the repre
sentative of the state because he receives
his commission from- the people them
selves, rather than from the members of
the state Legislature. If a voter is com
petent to vote for a member of Congress,
for state officers and for President, he Is
competent to choose his representative In
the Senate. A system which makes the
Senator reponslble for his election to the
people, as a whole, and amenable to
'them If he misrepresents them, must
commend Itself to those who havo conti
nence In the intelligence and patriotism
of the masses.
lirect Legislation.
The platform indorses the principle of
direct legislation. This Is already apptted
to the more important questions In Na
tion, state' and city. It rests upon the
sound theory that the people can be
trusted, and that the more responsive
the Government Is to the will of the
people the more free if will be from
misuse and abuse.
Labor Question.
Several planks of the labor platform are
devoted to questions "In which the labor
ing, classes havo an Immediate Interest,
but which more Temotely affect our entire
population. While what is generally
known aa government by injunction Is At
present directed chiefly against the em
ployes of corporations, when there Is a
disagreement between them and their em
ployer, it Involves a principle which con
cerns every one. The purpose of- the in
junction in such cases Is to substitute
trial by judge for trial by jury, and is a
covert blow at the jury system. The
abolition of government by Injunction Is
as necessary for the protection of the
reputation of the court as it Is for -the
security of the citizen. Blackstone, In de
fending trial by Jury, says: '
"The Impartial administration of Justice,
which secures both our persons and our
properties, is the great end of civil soci
ety, but If that 'be Intrusted entirely to
the magistracy, a select body of men, and
those selected by the Prince, such as en
Joy the highest offices of the state, their
decisions. In spite of their natural lnteg"-
rity, will have frequently an involuntary
bias toward those of their own rank and
dignity. It Is not to be expected from
human nature that the few should be al
ways attentlvo to the Interests and good
of th many."
If tho criminal laws are not sufficient
for the protection of property, they can
be made more severe, but a citizen
charged with crime must have his case
tried before a Jury of his peers.
Tne Blacklist.
Tho blacklist as now employed In some
places enables the employer to place the
employe under practical duress, for the
skilled laborer loses his Independence
when the employers can -not only dis
charge him, but prevent-his securing any
similar employment The blacklist en
ables employers to secure, by mutual
agreement, that control over the wage
earners which a private monopoly exer
cises without contract
Arbitration.
Tho platform renews the demand for
arbitration between corporations and
their employes. No one who has ob
served the friction which arises between
great corporations and their numerous
employes can doubt the wisdom of es
tablishing an Impartial court for the Just
and equitable settlement of disputes. The
demand for arbitration ought to be sup
ported as heartily by the public, which
suffers inconvenience becauso of strikes
and lockouts, and by the employers them
selves, as by the employes. The estab
lishment of arbitration will Insure friendly
relations between labor and capital, and
render obsolete the growing practice off
calling inthe Army to settle labor dis
putes. - ,
Department of Labor.
I cannot too -strongly emphasise the Im
portance" 'of the platform recommendation
of the establishment of a Department of
Labor, with a 'member of the Cabinet at
its head. When we remember how im
portant a position the laborer fills in our
economic, social and political fabric, it is
hard to conceive of a valid objection be
ing made to this recognition of his serv
ices. Agriculture Is already Represented
In the President's official household; the
Army and Navy have their representa
tives there; the State Department, with
Its Consular service, and the Treasury
Department with Its close connection
with fiscal affairs, keep the. Executive in
touch with the business and commercial
Interests. A Cabinet officer, truly repre
sentative of the wage-earning class would
be of Invaluable aid, not only to the toll
ers, but to the President.
Chinese Exclusion.
The Chinese 'exclusion act has proven an
advantage to the country, and Its continu
ance and strict enforcement, as welas its
extension to other similar races, are, Im
peratively necessary. The Asiatic- Is so
essentially different from the American
that he cannot be. assimilated with our
population, and Is, therefore, not desira
ble as a permanent citizen. His presence
as a temporary laborer, preserving his
national Identity and maintaining a for
elgn scale of wages and living, must ever
prove an Injustice to American producers,
as well as a perpetual source of irritation.
Pensions.
The party expresses its pride In the sol
diers and sailors of all our wars, and de
clares Its purpose to deal generously with
them and their dependents. A liberal pol
icy Is natural and necessary In a govern
ment which depends upon a citizen sol
dier, Instead of & large standing Army.
SelWnterest as well as gratitude compels
tho "Government to make bountiful pro
vision for those wlio, In the hour of dan
ger, and at great sacrifice of business,
health and life, tender their services to
their country.
"The pension laws should be construed
,accordlng to the generous spirit which
prompted ' their passage. The platform
very properly reiterates the position taken
In 1896, that the fact of enlistment shall
tbe deemed conclusive evidence that the
soldier was sound when the Government
accepted him. A certificate given now to
the health of a person 40 years ago, even
if easily obtainable, should not have as
much weight as the certificate of the
medical officer who examined the "volun
teer with a view of ascertaining his fitness
for Army service.
Kicaragrna. .
The Democratic party is In favor of the
Immediate construction, ownership and
control of- the Nicaragua Canal by the
"United States. The failure of the Repub
lican party to. make any progress in. car
rying out a pledge contained In Its plat
form four years ago, together with the
substitution in its latest platform of a
plank favoring an Isthmian canal for a
specific declaration In favor of the Nica
ragua Canal, would Indicate that the Re
publican leaders either do not appreciate
i tho Importance of this great waterway
to the maritime strength and, commercial
Interests of the country, or that they give
too much consideration to the Interested
opposition of transcontinental lines. The
Hay-Pauncefote treaty, now before the
Senate, would, If ratified, greatly lessen
the value of the canal, If It would not In
deed convert it into a positive menace In
time of war. The paramount Interests of
tho United States In the Western hemi
sphere, together with the obligations to
defend the republics to the south of us,
makes it necessary that our Government
shall be able to closo the canal against
any hostile power.
ArlKona, Nevr Mexico and Oklahoma.
Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma
have long ben ready to assume the re
sponsibilities and enjoy the privileges of
statehood, and It will be a pleasure, as
well as a duty, to carry out the plat
form pledge concerning them.
Alaska and Porto Rico.
Thero will be a popular acquiescence In j
the demand for home rule, and a territor
ial form "of government In Alaska and
Porto Rico. Both 'are entitled to local
self-government and representation in
Congress.
Cuba.
The recognition contained in both the
( Democratic and Republican platforms,, of
the right of the Cubans to Independence
removes the general principle involve'd
from the domain of partisan politics. It
Is proper however, to consider whether
the 'accomplishment of this" purpose can
be safely trusted to the Republican party
after It has yielded to the allurements of
the colonial Idea, and abandoned Its ear
lier fslth In the natural and inalienable
rights of man.
Reclamation of Arid Lands.
Tito time Is ripe for a systematic and
extended effort to reclaim the arid lands
and fit them for actual settlers. The last
agricultural report estimates that homes
can, thus be provided for many millions
of people. The Impounding and use of
the waters which are wasted'in the spring
would people the Western States with
thrifty, Intelligent, and Industrious citi
zens, and these -would furnish a valua?
ble market for all the products of the
factories. A small percentage of the
money spent In a war of conquest would
provide occupation and habitation for
more people than would ever seek a resi
dence within the tronjes. . - , .
Forclarn Alliances.
The reason given by Washington,, Jef
ferson and the other statesmen-of the
early days In support of the doctrine that
we should maintain friendly- relations
with all nations, but enter Into entangling-alliances
with none, are even, strong
er today than they were, a hundred years
ago. Our commerce Is rapidly increas
ing, and we are brought into constant
communication with all parts of the
world. Even, if we desired to do so, we
could hot afford to alienate many .na
tions by cultivating unneccessary inti
macy with a few.. Our strength and
standing are such that it Is less necessary
than ever before to lean for. aid upon
the friendliness of a foreign, power. ,
We cannot connect ourselves with Eu
ropean nations,. and share In the'ir Jeal
ousies and ambitions without losing the
peculiar advantage which our location,
our character and our Institutions give
us in the world's affairs. ,
Monroe -Doctrine.
The doctrine enunciated by Monroe,
and approved by suceedlng Presidents, Is
essential to the welfare. of the United
States. The continents of North and
South America are dedicated to the devel
opment of free government. One repub
lic after another has been established, un
til today the monarchical idea has barely
a foothold in the New World.
While it is not the policy of this coun
try to interfered ere amicable relations
exist beween ?c--3pean countries and
their dependencies In America, our peo
ple would look with disfavor upon any
attempt.on the part of European govern
ments to maintain an unwilling or forol
ble sovereignty over the people living
on this side of the Atlantic.
The position taken by the Republican
leaders, and more recently et forth by
tha ..Republican candidate for the Presi
dency, viz., that we cannot protect a
nation from outside interference without
exercising sovereignty over its people, is
an assault upon tho Monroe doctrine, for
while this argument Is at this time di
rected against the proposition to give
to the Filipinos both indepehdence and
protection, it Is equally applicable to the
republics of Central and. South America,
If this Government cannot lend Its
strength to another republic without
making subjects of its people, then we
-must either withdraw our protection from
the republics to the south of us or ab
sorb them. Under the same plea, that
the guardian nation, must exert an au
thority equal to Its responsibility, Euro
pean nations have for centuries exploited
their wards, and it Is a significant fact
that the Republican party should accept
the -European Idea of. a .protectorate, at
the aame time -that lt adopts a European
colonial policy. , There is no excuse 'for
this abandonment of the American idea.
We have maintained the Monroe Doctrine
for three-quarters of a century. .The ex;
pense .to us has been, practically noth
ingj but the protection has been .beyond
value to our sister republics. If a
Filipino republic Is erected upon the
ruins of Spanish tyranny, Its protection
by us will be neither difficult nor ex
pensive. No European nation would be
willing' for, any other European nation to
have the islands, neither would any Eu
ropean nation be willing to provoke a war
with us In order to obtain possession of
the Islands. If we assert sovereignty over
the Filipinos we will have to defend that
sovereignty by force, and the Filipinos
will be our enemies; If we protect them
from outside Interference, they will de
fend themselves and will be our friends.
If they show as much determination in
opposing the sovereignty of other nations
as they have shown in opposing-our sov
ereignty, they. will, not require much As
sistance from , us. .
Extravagance.
The Republican party , drawing, as it
does, enormous campaign funds from
those who enjoy special privileges ' at
the hands of the Government, is "power
less to protect the taxpayers from the 'at
tack of those who profit by large ''appro
priations. A surplus In the Treasury of
fers constant temptation to extravagance,
and. extravagance, In turn, compels a re
sort to new means of taxation, which Is
being kept in the background until the
campaign Is over, Is a fair Illustration of
the Imposition which will be attempted
when there is a considerable amount of
money Idle In the Treasury. The rehabil
itation of the merchant marine, laudable
in Itself, is made the pretext for expen
diture of public money for the benefit
of large shipowners, and In the Interests
of a transportation monopoly. The Gov
ernment being only the agent of xthe .peo
ple, has no right to collect from the peo
ple taxes beyond the legitimate needs, of
a government honestly and effectively
administered, and public servants should
exercise the same degree of care In the
use of the people's money that private In
dividuals do In the use of their own
money. With a restoration of a foreign
policy consistent with ' American ideas,
there can bo an immediate and large re
duction In the burdens how borne by the
people.
Income Tax.
By Inadvertence the Income tax plank
agreed upon by tho resolutions commit
tee was omitted from the platform as
read and adopted. The subject, however,
Is covered by the reaffirmation of the
Chicago platform, and I take this occa
sion to reassert my belief In the principle
which underllos the Income tax. Con
gress should have authority to levy and
collect an Income tax. whenever neces
sary, and an amendment to the Federal
Constitution specifically conferring such
authority ought to be supported by even
those who may think the tax unneces
sary at this time. In the hour of dan
ger the Government can draft the citi
zen; it ought to be able to draft the pock
etbook as well. Unless money Is more
precious than blood, we cannot afford to
give greater protection to the Incomes
of the rich than to the lives of the poor.
Imperialism.
The subjects, however, treated In this
letter, important as each may seem In
itself,- do not press so imperatively for
solution as the question which tho plat
form declares to be the paramount issue
In this campaign. Whether we shall ad
here to or abandon those ideas; of gov
ernment which have distinguished this
Nation from other nations and given to
Its history its peculiar charm and value
is a question the settlement of which
cannot bo delayed. No other question
can approach it in Importance; no other
question demands such Immediate con
sideration. It is easier to lose a reputa
tion than to establish one, and this Na
tion would find it a long and' laborious
task to regain its proud position among
the nations. If, under the stress of temnt-
atlon, it should repudiate the self-evident
truths Tirof!lnIms1 w Aitt IiaaIa n-nAef
and sacredly treasured during a career
unparalleled in the annals of time. When
the doctrine that the people are the only
source of power Is made secure from
further attack we can safely proceed
tothe settlement of the numerous ques
tions which Involve the domestic and eco
nomic welfare or our citizens. "Very truly
yours, W. J. BRYAN.
CREED REVISIOIf.
Presbyteries Preparing to Anavrer
the Committee's Question.
NEW YORK, Sept 17. The New York
Presbytery, with the other 231 presby
teries In the United States, Is getting
ready to answer the questions of the
committee of inquiry about a revision
of the Confession of 'Faith. This com
mittee was appointed last May by the
general assembly at St Louis. They met
at Saratoga recently and as a result of
their meeting the presbyteries have re
ceived the following questions, which
they are asked to answer:
"First Do you desire a revision of our
Confession of Faith? or,
"Second Do you desire to supplement
our explanatory statement? or,
'"Third Do you desire to supplement our
present doctrinal standards with a briefer
statement of the doctrine 'most surely
believed among us,' expressing in simple
language the faith of the church In loy
alty to the system of doctrine contained
in Tioly scripture and held by the re
formed churches? or,
"Fourth Do you desire the dismissal of
the whole subject, so that our doctrinal
standards shall remain as they are with
out any change whatever, whether re
Yl8lonaI, supplemental or substitutional?"
The New York Presbytery will meet on
October 1, when action will be taken.
-At the office of the New York Observer,
a Presbyterian paper in this city, it was
said in regard to the probable action of
the local body:
"The probability is that the presbytery
will ask for a change, provided the Cal
vanlst part of creed Is not changed. The
presbytery 10 years ago voted in this
way. There will probably be, for In
stance, a desire to revise such a part of
the creed as 'elect Infants dying In In
fancy are saved,' as the word 'elect
s6em3 to some people to Imply that there
are other children who are lost Thl3
may be changed by dropping the word
'elect' "
"Another matter to be settled ha3 just
come up In regard to the proposed re
vision. Henry W. Lambfrth, of Phila
delphia, has contended that the commit
tee of 16 on revision Is unconstitutionally
formed, as It contains three members
from, one synod, that of Pennsylvania
namely, the Rev. Drs. Charles A. Dickey
and S. W. .Dana, and Elder William R.
Crabbe. Tho constitution of the Presby
terian church says1 that before any
amendments or alterations of the Con
fession of Faith are transmitted to the
piesbyterles the General Assembly shall
appoint a committee to consider tho sub
ject and that committee shall not have
more than two members from the same
synod.
Dr. John Dixon, of the Presbyterian
Board of Home Missions, had this to
say on the subject:.
"I do not think Mr. Lamblrth's speech
was well taken". The committee of 16 Is
only a committee of inquiry, and it 13
simply asking the presbyteries if they
would favor any change in the creed.
The General Assembly has not yet taken
up tho work of revision. It would not
now stop simply because of a techni
cality anyway. If It decides to go more
deeply Into the matter it will without
question follow the rule to the letter."
Dr. Erskine N. White, secretary of the
Board of Church Erection, said that
there was no way of knowing how the
presbytery would act From a personal
point of view ho continued:
"There are doubtless some minor
changes that might be considered wise.
The creed was formed 25 years ago. at a
time when there was great opposition
to the ways of the Church of Rome, To
day jio'one would think of putting In a
creed, 'the pope of Rome .18-Antichrist
and the son of perdition.' It is al
together likely that this will be left out
In T case of revision. Two-thirds of tha
presbyteries must vote for a revision be
fore it can be made.
"Nine . years ago many who wished
changes voted against those that were
proposed because they desired more.
Many people also think that there are
more changes that are desirable, but that
this is not the"' time to obtain them. The
contention of the Philadelphia Presby
tery, Is, In -my opinion, of no avail, for
amendments to the creed have, as yet
not been offered."
Dr. Sample, who was moderator of the
GeneralAssembly In 1899, said":
. "Personally, I am satisfled with the
creed just as it-i3, as I interpret it I do
think that It wise to have It
slightly, revised, so that the misappre
hension about It that now exists may be
removed. Many persons seem to think
wo believe things we do not believe. A
number of Presbyterians vote for a
change because they feel that many mem
bers of good standing in the church de
sire It It.'is my opinion that tho presby
tery will let the matter go over until No
vember." Trouble iniTelejrraphera' Order.
ST. LOUTS, Sept. 17. Judge Wlthrow, in
the Circuit .Court, granted an order to
day temporarily restraining the president
and Board of Directors of the Order of
Railway Telegraphers from trying certain
charges they are alleged to have made
against H. B. Perham, secretary and
treasurer of the order. The order Is made
returnable September 26. Perham claims
the defendants have unlawfully entered
Into a conspiracy to oust him, because he
would not submit to their wishes. The
petition Is the sequel to trouble that has
been brewing In the order for several
months.
Rifle Contest in San Francisco.
SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 17. On tho
opening day of tho Fall festival of the
California Schuetzen Club, A. H. Paptf
smashed the' American rifle records on
point shooting off-hand at 200 yards, his
score 388 in 200 shots, beating the record
of William Hayes, of New York, the for
mer champion, by 16 points. The bulls
eye of the target used was 12 Inches In
diameter, and he hit It 198 times out of
200. Pape Is a distinguished marksman,
and in 1895 represented the California
Schuetzen Club at the international shoot
ing tournament.
mmm is a constitutional m mm must.
and far beyond the reach of mere local remedies. Those who rely upon them for a cure lose valuable time, meet with disap
pointment and allow the disease to take firmer hold. Only a real blood remedy can reach this troublesome and dangerous disease.
S. S. S cures Catarrh because it first cleanses and builds up the blood, purifies it, makes it rich and healthy, stimulaiea aai
puts new life into the sluggish worn-out organs, and thus relieves the system of all poisonous accumulations.
Mr. Josephine Polhill, of Due West S. C. irrlte: "I hd Catarrh, which became o deep
atfd that I vrns entirely deaf in one ear. and all inside of my nose, including part of the bone
sloughed ofT. When the disease had gone thin far the physidau jjave me up as incurable. 1
determined to try S. S. S. as a last resort, and began to improve at once. It seemed to get at the
eat of the disease, and afler a few weeks' treatment 1 was entirely cured, and for more than
'vcn years have had no sijn of the disease."
S. S. S. is made of roots, herbs and barks of wonderful tonical and purifying
properties. It is the only vegetable blood purifier known, and a certain and safe
!' cure for all blood troubles. Send for our
me same time write our pnysicians aoout
any informatioa or advice wanted. We make
IS A NEW STATE FAIR
(Continued from First Page.)
Matchless, 24th champion heifer. This
farm also shows 45 sheep Cotswold,
Shropshire and Southdown.
Charles Cleveland, of Gresham, shows
seven head of beautiful Jerseys.
H. West, of Scappoose, shows 10 head
of best bred Jerseys, Including three from
Miller & Sibley's famous Pennsylvania
herd. He also shows 16 head of Chester
White swine.
J. W. McKlnney, of Turner, Marion
County, shows 20 head of as fine Here
fords as one would wish, to see.
Mack Porter, of Corvallls, has four head
of Polled Angus cattle, as five specimens
as one would care to see. Including the
first prize yearling bull at the Omaha Ex
position. J. B. Stump, of Monmouth, shows 1G
A.ngora goats. Imported and home-bred.
His prize beauty Is a thoroughbred kid.
seven months old, with a beautiful fleece
of soft silky texture and rich luster. At
the age of a year, the wool will be between
12 and 13 Inches long. Mr. Stump has also
23 Cotswold sheep, which cannot be sur
passed for size and richness of fleece.
R. Scott, of Mllwaukie. shows 34 sheep,
half of them Cotswolds and half of them
Dorsetts. These are In every way cred
itable. C. M. Smith, of Jefferson, and J. B.
Early, of Salem, each has a big exhibit
of fine Poland China swine.
John MInto and R. Carey, of Salem,
each shows a handsome bunch of Merino
sheep.
W. M. Ladd, Hazel Fern Farm, Port
land, has a remarkable exhibit of Berk
shire swine. A 2-year-old boar weighs
7S5 pounds, and a sow, 2 years old. 736
pounds. There are two yearlings which
weigh 550 pounds- each. The entire ex
hibit shows what results may be achieved
by careful breeding.
E. Eckerlon, of Salem, shows 18 Poland
China swine, which are excellent speci
mens. A. Atkinson, of Nowberg, has 10 head
of Poland Chinas.
Livestock to Come.
By the through freight due tonignt. there
will arrive the following notable exhibits
which added so much to the California
State Fair at Sacramento:
J. W. Sparks. Reno, Nev., 20 head of
Hereford cattle, representing a value of
$20,000. One heifer. Armour Rose, has a
value of $2600, and there are two calves
sired by the $7500 bull. Dale.
James Glide, Sacramento, 20 head of
Ramboulllet sheep. These are the Import
ed French Merino and will bo an entire
novelty. The Ramboulllet I3 the giant of
the Merino family, grows almost as large
as the Cotswold and shears from 30 to
50 pounds.
Sessions & Co., Los Angeles, 30 head of
Berkshire swine, sent specially to com
pete against W. M. Ladd's.
Davis Bros., Dyer, Ind.. 40 head of Vic
toria swine, a pure white article, never
before shown at a fair In Oregon, and said
to be very handsome; 20 Cotswold sheep,
sent specially to compete against Oregon;
four Shorthorn cattle.
Mention of the fine exhibit of draft
and carriage horses must bo deferred
Poultry.
One large building Is filled with an ex
hibit of poultry and Belgian hares. Sev
eral entries are still to come In and whon
all are Installed, not less than 700 or 800
choice fowls will be shown and about 400
Belgian hares. This Is the flrsr c-xhlblt of
pedigreed Belgian hares ever made. The
poultry Is a good show In Itself. It Is
more than twice as large as the last one
held in Portland. . N. J. L.
IX THE PAVILIOX.
Surprise and Admiration on Every
Hand A TVondcrlul Exhibit.
SALEM, Or.. Sept. 17. Nowhere Is the
"new deal" at the State Fair more evident
than In the pavilion, where everything
has a newness and freshness that almost
contradicts tho assertion that this Is an
annual exhibition of Oregon products.
While the Board of Agriculture has not
tabooed articles that have been placed on
exhibition In the past. It appears that
producers and manufacturers generally
have beon Inspired simultaneously with
tho Idea of bringing to this annual ex
position something that has never been
seen before. "We saw that last year."
Is an expression not heard In the pavil
ion today. Surprise and admiration prompt
exclamations of delight on every hand,
and the old Oregonlans are learning anew
that they live In a region where the cli
mate and soil are conducive to the pro
duction of almost every vegetable growth
that Is used by man as food. Alongside
the hardy crabapples of a northern dime
are displayed grapes, peaches, and apri
cots that for size and lusclousness would
be a credit to a more southern country.
Sweet potatoes, peanuts and. watermelons
of the South Carolina type He on tables
with turnips as big as water palls,
squashes as big as beer kegs, and pump
kins that won't go Into a bushel basket
Strung out across the rear end of the
pavilion Is a Hubbard squash vine that
boars 17 large squashes of perfect develop
ment A half dozen small ones were cut
oft In order to facilitate handling the
vine. There Is a display of onions. 200 ot
which weigh 500 pounds. These squashes
and onions wore produced by J. R. Doug
las, of Linn County, and similar veg
etables may bo grown In any section of
the Willamette Valley. There Is bright,
fresh, clean clover, that stands six feet
high. Just even with timothy that was
grown In a field beside it. Grasses of
every description and of an equally good
growth cover the walls of every county
exhibit Big red apples as large as two
fists tempt boys SO years old to commit
efTonses over which they laughed when
they were younger, but which they would
enjoy to repeat In order to be permitted to
sink their teeth Into the delicious fruit
that made their early lives worth living.
Bartlett pears that weigh a pound apiece.
Winter pears that outweigh two of the
Bartletts, and pink, velvety peaches as big
as baseballs are heaped up on the tables
recklessly near to the wistful small boy
whose eyes will not cease to steal glances
at the nearby watchman who won't look
the other way.
Corn 15 feet high, and bearing ears from
12 to 14 Inches long, stands against the
end of the room, vying with sunflowers
nearly as tall and supporting heads over
threo feet In circumference. Broom corn
and sorghum are also on exhibition for the
F&IREBMMEB Q,
Few realize what a deep-seated, obstinate disease Catarrh is, regarding it as a simple inflammation of
the nose and throat, little or no attention is given it. But, however insignificant it may seem, at first, it
is serious.and far-reaching in its results.
The foul secretions entering the circulation poison the entire system. The stomach, kidneys in
fact all the organs feel the effect of thi& catarrhal poison, and when the lungs are reached its progress
is rapid and destructive, and finally ends in consumption.
It frequently happens that the senses of hearing and smell are in part or entirely lost, the soft hones of
the nose eaten into and destroyed, causing intense suffering and greatly disfiguring the face. While sprays,
washes and salves may give temporary relief, no permanent benefit can be expected from such treatment.
book on Blood and Skin Diseases, and at
your case. Thev will cheerfullv nv mn
no charge for this.
A good liver needs a good
liver pill Ayer's! No bet
ter J. C. Ayer. Company,
Practical Chemists, Lowell, Matt.
Ayer's Sarsapanlla
Ayer'i Pills
Ayer's Ague Cure
Ayer'i Hair Vigor
Ayer'a Cherry Pectoral
Ayer's Comatone
Instruction of many who did not know
these products will grow In Oregon. To
name and describe all the vegetables that
are displayed In the pavilion this year
would necessitate the publication of a need
catalogue, for almost every variety of
every kind of product of field, garden and
orchard has been entered for premiums
at the fair. Not satisfied with this, tho
farmpr boys and girls have gone into tho
woods and picked wild cherries, huckle
berries, plums and gooseberries that la
many Instances would pass In size for cul
tivated varieties. Table beets, sugar "beet3
and mangols, of sizes the relation of which
would not bo believed by one who has not
beon convinced by the evidence of hl3
own eyes, are crowded under tables, and
In every space that can be found not
otherwise appropriated. Turnips, parsnips
and carrots come In for their share of at
tention, which Is by no means small.
If the Willamette Valley wheat crop was
a partial failure this senson. there is noth
ing In the grain exhibit at the State Fair
to Indicate such a condition. Tho display
ot grains is a3 large a3 ordinary and. tho
stalks, which are of average size, bear
heads that never were better. Tho
brightness of the straw, the uniform shape
of the heads of what, and the plumpness
of the grain, all testify that there was
some exaggeration in the stories regard
ing a poor quality of wheat With heads
of wheat three to four Inches long, nearly
every kernel ot which Is perfect, there Is
good reason to bplleve that Oregon may
still claim a prominent place among the
v.-heatgrowlng sections of this continent.
Oats and barley of an equal high quality
are a!io displayed In profusion by exhib
itors from every section of the state,
and from the Willamette Valley In par
ticular. On tlc Raceconrie.
SALEM, Or.. Sept. 17. Owing to heavy
rains during the rn."t few days and a
light shower this morning, the racetrack
at the fair grounds was very heavy thl3
afternoon, and good time could not be
made in the race-. It had been rumored
that the races would not take place, ana
consequently there was a light attend
ance. The weather Is fair tonight, and
the track will be in excellent condition
tomorrow aftprncon.
Charles A. Willis, of New York, served
as starter and presiding Judge, with
George Chandler, of Baker City, and
Robert Lclghton, of Vancouver, B. C, as
associates. The races passed oft smooth
ly and quietly.
A petition signed by a number of Port
land horsemen wis presented to tho
Board of Agriculture todav asking that
Mr. Willis be removed as judge. After
giving the horsemen a hearing, the board
arrived at tho conclusion that the od
jectlon to Mr. Willis is an outgrowth of
trouble at the Portland races last week.
No fault v. s found with the decisions
today. The Board has decided to retain
Mr. Willis as long as his decisions are
impartial. A member of tho board said
this evening that Mr. Willis was engaged
three months ago. and that the Board
cannot let the Portland difficulty Inter
fere with the arrangements here as long
as there Is no cause for complaint over
decisions made while Mr. Willis presides.
The Snmninry.
SALEM. Or.. Sept. 17. Following is a
summary of the races at the state fair
today:
Pacing. 2-year-old, best two In three:
purse. $100 R. H. Houston's Robert H.
won. L. Richit's Zulu second, C. A. Wal
lace's Oregon Maid 'third: time. 2:43.
Trotting, 2-year-olds, best two in three,
purse. $100 J. C. Mosher'r. Kathalene won.
Van de Vanter's Chief Seattle second,
T. A. McLeourfs Grade Dell third: tlme
2:53.
Trotting. 2:Z class, best three In five,
pursp, $100 H. Jaclc.ons Sunrise won In
three straight heats: Chris Simpson's Phil
N. second: time. 2:28.
Running, three quarters of a mile,
purse, $200 C. A. Cllne's Barnato won, T.
R. Linton's Pettlgrew second, S. Jones'
Granger third: time. 1:1S.
The track wa.s very muddy, owing to
heavy rain during th last three day3.
Snlt Lake-Lot AnRelcM Ilonrl.
SALT LAKE, Sept. 17. T. E. Gibbon,
vlce-presldpnt of the Los Angeles Ter
minal Railway, arrived hero yesterday,
and has been in conference today with
Hon. Thomas Kearns and other leading;
men Interested in the proposed railroad
between Salt Lake and Los Angeles. A
meeting will be held here at the end of
tho week, upon the asrlval of Senator
Clark. The promoters ot tho enterprise
aro confident that the work on the road
will begin within 30 days after the neces
sary terminal facilities are secured in thla
city.
Jordan's Finn. Collection.
PALO ALTO, CaU ScpC 17. Professor
David Starr Jordan, oz Stanford Univer
sity, has returned from a three months
trip through Japan, where he succeeded
in securing tho largest and most com
plete collection of Japanese fishes ever
obtained by sclentlscs. Collections or
descriptions were made of all but 15
known species, besides 125 species un
known to science.
$WIFT SPECIFIC CO., ATUMITA, A, r