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XORTAXD, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 14
LABOR'S IXTERESTS IX 1OO0.
To what extent the spirit of social
Ism, "which Is" another name for com
munism, has permeated the ranks of
labor in the United States is likely to
"be revealed in November's vote. We
know there is a communistic tendency
in trades unionism, shown in all cases
where good workmen are forbidden to
receive more for what they do than poor
workmen Tecelve for what they do. We
know that throughout organized labor
there is a scarcely concealed sympathy
for .the employe in all contests between
labor and capital, whether in the Coeur
d'Alenes or the Illinois coal mines,
"whether at Chicago In 1894 or at St.
Louis in 1900. We also know that when
ever labor difficulties appear they tend
to make Democratic votes. The striker
out of work Is fain to turn to the prom
ises of the outs in preference to the ex
istent administration of the' ins. These
ere facts. They can't be blinked, they
might as well be faced.
It is one of the most unaccountable
"but most impressive facts of our Amer
ican civilization, that with all our ac
centuation of individualism, the skilled
American mechanic, brainy and well
Informed, Tisually sound in body and
morals, usually efficient beyond Euro
pean, standards, conceives his interests
to lie in the direction of preventing him
self from earning more than his fellow
workman of inferior capacity. This
view is as yet far from dominating the
most Intelligent unions; but Its rise is
rapid, and Its growth in all directions
may be plainly traced, though numbers
of unions apply the principle only so far
as Insisting upon a minimum price that
must be paid the most unskillful. In
many trades we have a piece system, In
which pay is apportioned to work
turned out, but in many others we have
simply a wage scale in which the least
efficient receives for .an hour's work the
same pay as the most efficient receives,
and the most efficient will cheerfully go
out on a strike or assess himself for a
sympathetic fund to maintain this in
equitable principle.
The tendency is, of course, only one
expression of socialism. It is pre
cisely analogous to the trust move
ment in capital, that Is, organization
carried to the extreme of eliminating
competition and sharing profits of the
organization pro rata among its mem
lers, regardless of individual achieve
ment. A combination of capital is not
a trust so long as competition of indi
vidual members is allowed full scope.
A combination of labor is not a trust
so long as competition of Individ
ual members is allowed full scope.
It seems to an impartial view, there
fore, that trusts are by their own action
estopped from complaining of the
trades-union principle. Perhaps it
ought to be said, also, that much labor
denunciation of trusts proceeds, appar
ently, from inadequate perception of the
common socialistic principle underlying
each form of organization. Labor com
binations are denounced by capital and
capital combinations are denounced by
labor. He who has in mind solely the
general welfare can only deplore the
communistic principle exemplified in
each for the menace it bears to Inde
pendent achievement.
Its predilection for the socialistic prin
ciple is a manifest temptation for the
labor vote to go for Bryan. But it
will be offset In many minds by the
more practical bearing of business and
Industrial conditions. The theories of
trades-unionism are comparatively neg
ligible, if we haven't, to begin with, the
substantial basis of employment. How
many .hours shall constitute a day's
work Is a subject that can wait, at a
time when business is languishing and
nobody wants help at any hours or
price. It is of first importance to have
work, and the details can be arranged
afterward.
The interests of labor In this election
lie in the direction of maintenance of
the gold standard and the conservation
of confidence, which insures active
trade, and settled employment They
demand perpetuation of the present
conditions of trade and manufacture,
and they forbid a sudden reversal of
the Nation's policy, with the shock,
disarrangement and distress such re
versal would be certain to bring. These
are also the interests of capital. The
Idea that what is good for capital is
also good for labor is a paradox only
to the superficial view. Tou can do
nothing better for capital than to ele
vate in dignity, strength and character
the labor it is to work with. You can
do nothing better for labor than to ele
vate in dignity, strength and character
the capital it is to work with. The doc
trine that labor can help itself to better
employment by destroying the capital
that affords employment Is preached by
pretended statesmen. They are not la
bor's friends, but its worst enemies.
The laboring man who co-operates with
the forces antagonizing our present
prosperity and trade expansion Is work
ing against his own interests.
Thus far in the campaign Roosevelt is
almost the only speaker who has man
ifested oratorical worth. His addresses
have been universally of the right sort,
imtoned by the spirit of demagoglsm.
He appeals to the common sense of his
hearers and adduces practical reasons
why they should vote as he wants them.
Scarcely another speaker has limited
himself so little to glittering generalities
or extended so few tawdry temptations
to voters. His addresses are character
ized by moderation, nor do they contain
the extravagant assertions which most
other Republican speakers make. How
ever, it must be remembered that
Roosevelt is among the very bright few
in politics. He is a man of brains, of
education and culture, and also a man
of letters. He should be expected to
excel in campaign oratory.
THE AGE OF INSUBORDINATION.
Professor Ackerman, State Superin
tendent of Public Instruction, In an ad
dress given recently before the Pacific
Coast Indian Institute, presented in
forcible la'nguage some plain, unvar
nished truths, which rshould not be dis
sipated upon the air or committed to
cold type and filed away for future
reference, but should take hold of and
abide in the thoughts of the parents
and educators of today.
Quoting from homely, commonplace
David Harum, Professor Ackerman
says: "We don't need any more meni
but we would like a little better breed
of men." While the negative in this
sentence will scarcely be Indorsed by
the state, the affirmative will receive
cordial recognition as a truth the proof
of which lies' all around us. And -when
he goes on to say that the present is
an "age of insubordination, the result
of a loss of authority In the family and
school," he not only states a plain fact
with which all thoughtful persons must
agree, but suggests a remedy slow but
sure In a return to the exercise of par
ental authority and a recognition of
the authority of the teacher.
Parents and teachers, he. says, "have
abandoned the principles of govern
ment established by our fathers. They
no longer enforce obedience, but -attempt
to purchase it by promise of re
ward. The child soon learns that dis
obedience Is the best currency at his
command wherewith to purchase the
desired reward. Insubordination be
comes a habit, and he soon loses all
respect for authority and those who
exercise It over him, and grows up in
reckless disregard of the laws under
which he lives."
These are facts which appeal to the
experience of society for verification.
In every community may be found a
number, greater or less, of half-grown
boys who are a menace to decency and
good order, and, alas! too often a band
of bold, ill-mannered girls, the first of
whom , ultimately And their way to
prison, the latter to nameless places of
vice. Professor Ackerman puts It very
plainly when he says: "These boys
owe their blasted careers to some one's
neglect of duty possibly to some
teacher who found it easier to suspend
a boy from school than to give him a
good, sound drubbing an operation
which, in nine cases out of ten, would
have made a man out of him." Cor
poral punishment is not advocated, ex
cept as a last resort, but this educator
is strongly of the opinion that persist
ent and defiant wrong-doing needs a
stronger remedial agent than is found
in modern homeopathic doses of moral
suasion.
However this may be, prudent par
ents will agree that the spirit of insub
ordination in children cannot be
checked too early for the family and
the community good. That it runs riot
in most American families of today is
a fact at once patent and lamentable.
The passionate father who beats his
son cruelly, as punishment for the se
cret abstraction of a coin from his
pocketbook, illustrates one extreme of
parental folly, misnamed discipline; he
who passes such with mild expostula
tion or follows It by the bestowal of an
unearned allowance as a preventive
measure against future theft of a sim
ilar character, represents the other.
Such measures cannot be depended
upon as reformatory, though the
chances favor the former. Effective
discipline Is much more subtle than
this, and in pleading for a return of
the time when "Thou shalt" and "Thou
shalt not" shall mean something to the
child from his earliest years; when pu
pils will not be coddled and cajoled
along the path of knowledge, but rather
led by a firm hand and a determined
though kind and sympathetic spirit,
Professor Ackerman urges that which
lays the foundation of orderly commu
nity life through eliminating from its
basic principles the spirit of insubor
dination. compromise at pekin.
The reply of England declining to
agree to Russia's proposal for the evac
uation of Pekin without guarantee for
the fulfillment of certain conditions, is
fortified by similar if not identical re
plies from Germany, Austria and Italy.
The answer of England, It is reported,
suggests a compromise arrangement by
which an international garrison remains
in Pekin, whose strength Is dependent
on the progress and character of the
negotiations with China. This proposal
Is virtually the establishment of the
same conditions that were maintained
at Pekin in 1860, when the Anglo-French
Army remained practically In posses
sion of IJekin until the negotiations
with Prince Kung, the brother of the
offending Emperor of China, were com
pleted and the treaties ratified.
On its face, this propositlo'n would
seem entirely common sense and equita
ble, for certainly the allies would be
fools to withdraw entirely from Pekin
to Tien Tsin, leaving the water and rail
way routes of advance on Pekin to be
fought over again in event of any war
like necessity for a second advance.
Russia has announced her Intention to
withdraw her forces from Pekin and
from China altogether without annex
ing any territory, unless prevented from
doing so by other powers, and-she in
vited the others to join her In withdraw
ing from Pekin. The United States re
plied that It would withdraw from Pe
kin if any other power should do so.
This decision was a sound one, for
without International concert of action
the United States could not afford to
remain in Pekin, but would do better
to withdraw to the coast and make In
dependent negotiations with China, -
There are, of course, reasons which
influence England and Germany to de
cline to withdraw from Pekin, that do
not influence the United States. Lord
Salisbury on the eve of an English
general election could hardly afford to
do less than declare that the allied
forces ought to remain in control of
Pekin until reparation has been secured
for the outrages upon English resi
dents and adequate guarantees given
for the future. England and Germany
desire to keep Pekin under international
control until these objects have been at
tained. The English popular temper, as
well as that of Germany, will Insist
on punishment, for those officials who
have been guilty of complicity In the
outrages at Pekin as far as possible.
England fairly holds that this policy
cannot be executed if the powers should
relinquish their hold upon the Chinese
capital.
THE RIGHT TO BE RUDE,
Edward Van Ness, a Summer resident
of Bar Harbor, Me., a wealthy retired
lawyer of New Tork City, seized the oc
casion of the arrival of the British and
American fleets at that place to display
from a prominent flagstaff on nis
grounds a.Boer flag. The local commit
tee, who "had been laboring for the "en
tertainment of the naval guests, were
naturally Indignant at Mr. Van Ness'
ostentatious discourtesy to the British
naval officers and enlisted men, who
were to be the guests of the town in
common with our own naval officers and
men. Van Ness was asked to remove
the offensive flag, but he refused, and
delivered a carefully prepared speech
to his assembled friends which Included
the following utterance:
Thoso eame English are -at your door, and,
for that matter, they are always at your
door. "With a base at Bermuda and Halifax,
connected by cable, her fleet patrols your
coast, ready at any moment to waylay your
commerce or penetrate your harbors. Her en
mity -we may anticipate, but what you have
moat to fear Is her friendship, which, like
the python, first embraces and then absorbs
her victim.
The people became so.indignant at the
action of Van Ness that the selectmen
of the town, with two policemen, In
vaded his grounds, hauled down the
flag and carried it off, a natural action,
but probably of doubtful legality. Nev
ertheless Van Ness will get little sym
pathy and deserves none,' because he
had no business to go out of his way
to be rude and churlish to the official
guests of the town where he resides.
He has a perfect right to sympathize
with the cause of th'e Boers, but he has
other obligations, public and private.
One of these obligations is not to be
offensive or to embarrass his townspeo
ple when they are sinking all personal
and partisan feelings in an exhibition
of international social courtesy to the
officers and men of the English and
American fleets.
Tht- incident which has made Mr. Van
Ness for the moment conspicuous Is trj-
fling; but it furnishes a. good text tor
denunciation of a very large class of
men who think they are bound to prove
themselves persons of Independent con
victions and peculiar opinions at every
opportunity, In season and jaut of sea
son. Mr. Van Ness evidently belongs
to a claBS of men who are so utterly
lacking in sense of humor that they
always take themselves seriously, never
look in the glass without instantly tak
ing their hats off to themselves; who
never lose a chance to talk about topt
In the presence of a family one of
whose ancestors has been a gallows
bird. Van Ness Is evidently a man who
thinks that he Is under no obligations
in life save legal obligations. .That Is,
he would plead his legal right to do his
neighbors a dirty trick and triumphant
ly plead his legal defense as complete
moral justification for a mean, ungen
erous action that was a violation of so
cial decency and public courtesy among
men. Van Ness belongs to a very com
mon type of creatures who would rather
be conspicuous for an egotistic assertion
of their one idea than to be courteous
and considerate of the every-day social
rights of their fellow-men. iln other
words, Van Ness, In spite of his profes
sion, hiswealth and the opportunities
for decent culture It affords him, Is not
a gentleman, for on the very day when
there should have been a truce to all
international enmities he insisted on
flaunting his Boer' flag in the faces of
visiting English naval officers. Van
Ness is not only a stupid crank, but he
is an ill-bred crank.
When the Federal troops, some 10,000
strong, were forced to surrender to
"Stonewall" Jackson at Harper's Ferry,
General Jackson saluted the captive of
ficers and men with great courtesy, and
rebuked with great sternness one of his
staff, who, having asked and obtained
a drink from a Federal Colonel's flask,
contemptuously said: "Colonel, here's to
the Confederacy." General Jackson was
a gentleman, and he was Indignant that
his staff officer should have asked a
courtesy from a, captive's hands and
then insulted hls-prisoner. Van Ness is
the same kind of a natural-born churl.
The visiting English naval officers and
men at Bar Harbor, Me., are as help
less to return or avenge Insult as a
prisoner of war. They are at the mercy
of the courtesy or the discourtesy of the
people of Bar Harbor, Me. Van Ness,
If he had been a gentleman, would have
kept his Boer colors furled until the
departure of the visiting English naval
fleet, but on the contrary, he ostenta
tionusly displayed them with the ac
companiment of an elaborately offen
sive speech, bitterly denunciatory of
England and- everything English. This
man Van Ness had no more business
to embarrass his neighbors and feljow
cltlzens by his offensive action and
speech than a man, pretending to be
a gentleman, would have a right at a
large social party, composed of guests
of various political and religious creeds,
to wear a badge that was offensive to
any of the guests of his hosts. There
are places where no political or religious
creed has any right to expect to rule
the social hour. It Is the unwritten law
of social good breeding that no gentle
man at a non-political dinner party
talks religion or politics; he is neutral
on both subjects until the dinner breaks
up. But Van Ness pleads his legal
right to be rude, a kind of right that,
if generally enforced, would make gen
ial social Intercourse among neighbors
impossible. Public courtesy would be
annually sacrificed to crankdom. We
should have every man pleading the
legal right to insult his neighbors In
their political or religious sympathies
on the plea that hjs insults were an
chored to his own vine and flg tree;
that he erected his insignia of abuse In
his own back yard.
FOLLOWERS OF LYSIAS.
It has been remarked by an. eminent
observer that a politician often has to
talk and act before he can think and
read. It Is almost a fact that a poli
tician or statesman must do his prelim
inary thinking and reading before he
engages actively in politics, since after
he enters the arena demands upon his
time are so urgent that little is left for
intellectual Improvement. Several of
our prominent speakers betray that
they think and read but little, at least
they do not do so immediately before
they speak. '
Orators of "all parties make the same
exhibition. Several days ago Foraker,
Depew and Hanna addressed succes
sively the same audience. Their
speeches were partisan i affairs, con-,
trlved to win votes, "unenlightened
with conclusive reasons why the audi
tors should favor McKinley. Bryan ia
often not more shaHow, npt more illog
ical, than -many Republican speakers.
He frequently shows up quite as valid
arguments as his opponents do.
The average pplltlclan tajks and acts
Instead of reads and thinks, just as
Macaulay observed. There Is this char
acteristic of political speeches In gen
eral: They sound conclusive, or almost
so, when spoken, bu.t when reduced to.
cold typo of -newspapers, they lose the
essential fervor that wins them ap
proval. Lyslas once wrote an oration for a
defendant who was to plead before n
Athenian tribunal.' Wljen he read it to
"him the ma.n was greatly pleased with
It But when the man had It half
learned he .began to detect its flaws,
and he ;went to Lyslas with bis objec
tions. Lyslas responded In this vein:
"Do you forget that the judges are to
hear it only once?"
The; people of Oregon are jealous
somewhat of the title "Quean of the
American Navy," as bestowed upon the
battle-shjp Alabama by enthusiasts In
naval architecture and speed, after, her
magnificent work over the speed trial
course recently. They feel that 'the
Oregon, by virtue of her splendid run
around the Horn at the emergency call
of the Government, supplemented by
her valorous encounter with the Span
ish fleet off Santiago de Cubu, entitles
her to the distinction conferred by this
title until her deeds are eclipsed by
another battle-ship In actual service.
The achievement of the Oregon on that
memorable-July day,ln 1898 will always
furnish a thrilling chapter inour.naval
history, and her name wll&cbntlnue to
reflect glory upon our state. TJie Ala
bama is a newer vessel, with greater
possibilities in the line of speed and
newer Ideas in equipment, but history
has yet to place her, even in the possi
bility of achievement, on. an equality
with the Oregon. Misfortune may run
our battle-ship on hidden rooks or
wreck her in treacherous seas, but
while she is afloat she will still be to
loyal Oregonians the "Queen of. the
Navy." - '
Reports that come daily from China
do not make it more comprehensible
how the small squad of foreigners In
Pekin held out until relief came, If the
Imperial Government was hostile to
them as well as the Boxers. Sober
judgment Is more prone to believe that
the government preserved them from
utter annihilation. It does not seem
reasonable that they could have defend
ed themselves during such a long In
vestment if the government also had
been set upon their destruction. The
siege was not too close to prevent the
foreigners from getting "supplies. The
Chinese Government, If hostile, certain
ly could have kept the Legations cooped
up. If supplies had not come to them,
their fall would have been Inevitable.
Indications do not, therefore, tend to
show that the Chinese Government Is
as guilty as charged. The Administra
tion appears to entertain this view.
.Possibly when the facts are known the
exasperation of ithe foreigners will be
found partially unjustified.
4,If one citizen may properly withhold
his vote," writes ex-Secretary Olney to
Mr. Henry Loomls Nelson1, '.'logically all
may, and all the wheels of Government
be stopped, whye to decline voting be
cause practically assured that others'
will vote is but to glye the latter an
undue share of political power and to
forfeit the right 'to complain of any
abuse of It." A Boston reporter visited
the office of the Election Commissioners
and learned that Mr. Olney Is not yet
on the voting list, and he was not on
the voting lists of 1899, 1898, 1897 or 1896.
The Commissioners did not have time
to look any farther back and hunt up
some year. In which the ex-Attorney-General
and ex-Secretary of State ac
quired the 'right to complain of any
abuse'' of political power by exercising
his' right and duty of voting.
Last year the Oregon Hopgrowers'
Association secured full control of
nearly 40,000 tftles of hops, and the price
fell away to a figure which hardly paid
for the picking. This year the assocla-
tlon was unable to form a pool of 3000
bales, and the price Is soaring to old
time heights. It might be Inferred that
the rise In hops and the decline In the'
association, or the, decline In hopB and
the rise of the association, had some
thing in common. Such, however, is
nbt the case, but supply and demand
continue to be the great regulators of
prices.
, ' -
The tribal hate In the Philippines Is
being utilized by the American com
manders' exactly as General George
Oroqk used it in hip war against the
Apaches. Without the use of Indian
scouts against bands of Apaches with
which they had a blood feud, Crook
would haVe found his work of subduing
the hostiles most difficult. England has
utilized the same race hates and blood
feuds In her subjugation of India and
South Africa.
The prospective release of 50,000 Brit
ish seasoned regulars from the scene of
the South African War " will enable
Great Britain to stiffen her upper Up
in the matter of diplomatic controversy
with therest ofs the powers over China,
for, unless all the signs of break-up fall,
.Great Britain will soon be able to send
50,000 seasoned regulars to China.
The Indispensable Mr. Adee.
Washington correspondence. Chicago Times
Herald. First Assistant Secretary Adee, who
has been In charge of the State Depart
ment during the absence of Mr. Hay, is
in some respects the State Department
itsojf. He is the personification of1 that
department. He Is what they call abroad
,a "permanent under secretary." Admin
istrations come and go, but he goes on.
forever. Just how long Adee has been
there I do not remember, but It must be
well on toward a quarter of a- century.
He knows everything," remembers every
thing; all the traditions, forms and pecu
liarities of the diplomatic branch of our
Government repose in him. Ho carries
them over from one regime to another.
Half a .dozen or more Secretaries of
State Frellnghuysen. Blaine twice, Bayard-,
Foster, Gresham. Olney, Sherman.
Day, Hay have leaned upori him. If
there s a difficult dispatch to be pre
pared send for Adee. If there is a deli
cate point of etiquette to be adjusted
Adee Is the man to do it If there is a
knotty, embarrassing problem to be
solved some cold-blooded thing to be
done in the sweetest and most polite qf
ways Adee Is In demand. More than
any other man bas he left his impress
upon the diplomatic literature of our
Government' for during the last 20 years
he has written a great number of im
portant despatches which his chiefs sign
ed, and. in the nature of things, took
the credit for..
Ho la 'a wit an athlete, and a linguist.
Almost every year ho makes a bicycle
tour through Europe, and speaks the na
tive language wherever he goes. He Is a
terror to tricky diplomatists because of
h:B knowledge, his insight, and a way ho
has of not hearing very well when he
doesn't want to.
THE SUPERFLUOUS FE3IAW3.
Go West, Youngf 'Wombs, anil Grow
Up With the CeHtry.
New York Times.
. In polite speech there are no such
things as superfluous women. There
may bo more women than men in soma
,places, biit no one would think of calling
them superfluous. But. In the science of
soolal economics there may bo such wo
men, for superfluous means more than
are needed. It is comfortable, and It is
in accordance with tho laws of social
economy, that there should be just
enough women in any community to fur
nish each man with one. But this state
of things does not now prevail, and never
has prevailed, In this generally blessed
land. The distribution of population has
always, been and still Is such that in
many communities there are more thah
enough women to go round, and in many
pthers thero are not enough. These facts
are of some significance just now, when
the latest census has revealed that there
are about-25,000 more women than men
In 'the City of New York.
This news has been published in a
manner that loads us to suppose that It
astonished the publishers of it But
there really was no cause for astonish
ment. There is nothing new in thls'state
of affairs. According to the census the
total malo population of the City of New
York in 1890 was 757,679, and of the. fe
male population,. 767,722. This showed a
preponderance of the eternal feminine tq
tho number of 10,143. A very casual ex
amination of .tho figures will show that
the proportion between the two sexes,
has been -fairly well preserved In the
Interval between the taking of the for
mer census and the latest one. The
State of Massachusetts has always In
recent years held the record for Its su
perfluity of women, the surplus In 1S0O
being 4,525. In that state) too, it will
undoubtedly be found that the ratio ha3
not materially altered. ,
Of course, there must be some reason
for the difference In the numbers of the
two sexes. ' It may be possible that more
girls than boys are born, but It seems
not unlikely that the difference In the
numbers may be traced to historical
causes. An examination of the eleventh
census will show that In 1S90 Western
cities and towns almost Invariably had
more males than females, while Eastern
communities, as a rule, contained more
women than men. This seems to be still
the case. Without more detailed facta
than are obtainable even from such a
careful study of the distribution of pop
ulation as that made under Robert P.
Porter, It is not quite safe to make any
pronounced conclusion. But it seems
likely that the preponderance of males
over females In the West was originally
caused by the pushing out of pioneer ex
peditions. Naturally, parties setting out
to conquer new territory would be chief
ly composed of men, Then when the
later rushes for fame and fortune came,
moremen went from the East Into thfa
West. Most of them were young un
married men, and they left behind them
the women they might have married, and
found no others out yonder. In a
smaller degree this same state of affairs
must still exist, and It would naturally
account for the preponderance of fe
'males over males In the population of
the East and the reverse In that of the
West
In the newest Northwest communities,
when a permanent population is desired
and systematic movements thereto are
made, women are induced to leave the
East and go there. Thus wives are pro
vided for the superfluous men, and the
number of superfluous women In the East
Is a little reduced. Years ago some of
the best blood in the country took the
advice of Horace Greeley, "Go West,
young man." Today It seems as if the
.advice needed to equalize the male and
female population all over the country
were, "Go West,, young woman."
t
BRYAN'S FIOPINO ALLIES.
General Anderson Confirms Order for
Extermination of All Foreigner.
Were any confirmation needed that the
Agulnaldo party Intended the massacre of
all non-Flllplnos In Manila and to burn the
city Itself, It has been supplied by General
Thomas M. Anderson (retired). He was In
command of the troops at that critical
time In Manila, and in regard to the wild
statements of Senators Pettlgrew and Al
len, he says In a signed communication:
"Sir: In the report of Senator Spooner's
speech in relation to the suppression of tho
Philippine Insurrection, it appears that
Senator Pettlgrow denied that Teodore
Sandlco issued a proclamation ordering
the extermination of all Inhabitants of
Manila men, women and children except
Filipino families. I was then In command
of the district south of the Pasig River,
and found the proclamation posted In
conspicuous places In my part of the city.
I had them torn down and one translated.
They were signed by Sandlco.
"I had received letters from him and
knew his signature. Moreover, soldiers of
my command arrested two Filipino men In
women's clothes setting fire to the houses
in the city. They were brought to me
and I had them turned over to the provost
marshal general.
"Senator Allen also asserted that Senor
Torres came into the city under a flag
of truce to ask for a suspension of hos
tilities. As I know that Torres was with,
in our lines when the fighting began it
la not apparent how he came In, when
It seems almost impossible for him to
have gotten out. On February 5 white
flags were hung out from every Filipino
house in Manila, and the few Filipinos
who ventured Into the streets carried little
white flags as an evidence of submission.
. Senator Allen's reliable Informant soems
to have forgotten to mention this circum
stance in saying that he saw Torres go
ing to headquarters under a flag of truco.
Torres naturally Inferred, without consul
tation, that Agulnaldo would like a sus
pension of hostilities, for in front of our
first division alone the insurgents had lost
in one day 700 killed and drowned, 400
prisoners and seven cannon.
"I send this communication to correct
so far as my testimony Is relevant, a very
erroneous Impression.
"THOMAS M. ANDERSON."
'
Representation Under Nevr Census.
New York Sun.
Already the House has 357 members and
Is an unwieldy body. The basis of rep
resentation Is nt present one member for
173,000 constituents. Should this ratio be
maintained there will bo added to the
membership of the next House about 56
members, making the total membership
413. Aside from the difficulty of doing busi
ness In a body of such proportions, there
will bo- the greatest difficulty In seating
6C more members in the present chamber.
Thpre is room for a handful more than
now sit In ' the chamber, but It will be
impossible to add 50 seats, with desks,
without taking up all the space and leav
ing no room for passage behind the rail
ing. As each member Is entitlod to ?tXX30
a year salary, $1200 for a clerk, $&0 for
stationery and his mileage, the addition
of 66 members would Increase the expen
ses of the House about $350,000 per annum,
to say nothing of the additional cost of
carrying their franked matter In tho
mails."
On the other hand,, to Increase the ratio
of representation to 200.000, which would
leave tho membership about 366, or al
mofit tho present figures, might endanger
the representation of some states in the
House and would certainly shift the lines
of some Congress districts so as in many
cses to throw two members of the pres
ent House in the same district It has
always been the custom to fix the ratio
of representalton so a3 not to reduce tho
irepresentatlon of any state. Another se
rious question in connection with the
House Is the reducing of the representa
tion of thoso Southern States which have
disfranchised tho negroes. The census
returns will show the number of malo
ipbabltants of a voting age, and compari
son with the election returns will form
the basts for an estimate of the number
of voters disfranchised.
Mr. Cleveland la Otherwise Engaged.
Chicago Tribune.
It will be a bitter disappointment to
Bryan and his party that Grover Cleve
land has practically declined to write a
letter favoring the former's election. Mr.
Olney's letter was only a comforting sop,
for Mr. Olney has not been a voter for
four years, and ho gives no sign that he
will vote this Fall. The preferences of
a man who has not Interest enough In
politics to manifest them by going to
the polls and voting are of little account
Mr. Cleveland is perfectly frank and Im
partial In his statement He has no
criticisms. to make of Olney's action, and
he has nothing to say about McKinley,
or Bryan, or any other candidate. He
considers himself out of politics, and
hence there is no occasion for him to
discuss Issues or candidates. He is bet
ter employed, his time being devoted to
his family, which Is now both large and
Interesting. This is the serious part of
his life. When he needs diversion he
seeks It In hunting and fishing with Mr.
Benedict Captain Lamberton, ,of the
Navy; Joe Jefferson, and other boon
companions, and at present he Is having
this sort of diversion along tho shores of
Buzzard's Bay, to the discomfort of
bluefish and yellow legs. It"ls somewhat,
remarkable that the Democrats should
have expected any indorsement of their
candidate from a man whom thoy have
grossly and persistently maligned ever
since' he left the White House.
Florida's Capital.
The question of removing Florida's seat
of government from Tallahassee to some
other city Is agitating the people of that
state. Jacksonville now has her orators
out on a spellbinding tour, and they are
making an enthusiastic campaign In favor
of -that progressive city. The arguments
used In favor of Jacksonville are its ac
cessihllity.'its ability to furnish the neces
sary conveniences and facilities for the
ransatlon of the state's business. Us of
fer of $100,000 In cash toward tho new
bulldlng.beildes other considerations in the
way of temporary quarters, etc. The com
ing primary on November 6 will decide
nothing more than whether the Legisla
ture shall pass a resolution providing for
a chango In the constitution of the state
for the removal of the capital to some
other point, and what point shall be
named In the resolution. If such a resolu
tion Is passed the amendment must go be
fore all the voters of the state for their
ratification or rejection.
Worse Than San Jonn.
Major Regan, of the Ninth United States
Infantry, wounded at Tien Tsin the day
that his regiment lost 25 per cent killod
and wounded of the men engaged, testi
fies that the fighting at San Juan Hill
was not nearly so severe as that he en
countered when he went up against tho
Chinese at Tien Tain. Ho says:
"As fighters the Chinese, once properly
trained, show remarkable ability. They
are utterly fearless of death; they are
good shots and their artillery was sus
plclpusly well served. However, thoy will
run In the face of disaster. Let one or
half a dozen of them become panic
stricken and start a stampede and the
rest will follow like a lot of sheep. "Dp
to the time of the stampede, however,
they will take all the killing wo can ad
minister to them."
What We Buy From Africa.
America is doing what It can to Illumi
nate the Dark Continent. Last year It
sent J100.000 worth of kerosene to Zanzi
bar. It also exported there a - $223,000
worth of cotton cloths, and It Is gratify
ing to learn from our Consul there that
the American locomotives on the Uganda
Railway are giving general satisfaction.
Ivory Is decreasing, but the finding of old
hoards and the fact that the caravans
push farther Inland every year keep up
the supply. The British and German au
thorities are trying to preserve the ele
phants by heavy license fees and heavy
penalties for killing females and calves.
The largest pair of tusks ever found yfa.s
obtained from an elephant shot last year;
they came to the United States: they
were without flaw or disease of any
klpd.
PLEASANTRIES OF PAItAGRAPHERS
A S?Ut in the Party. First Populist Why.
of course, the Taller Peril means the Chinese I
Second Populist Aw, shucks! It means tha
gold standard! Puck.
Intelligent Rustic They tell mo as ow
Bncry's boy 'as got wounded In the Trans
vaal. Mrs. Gummlns Lror' a mussy me! And
what part of Mm might that bo? Tlt-Blts.
A Matter of Necessity. "How can you let
him pay you such marked attention, Ethel,
when you have only known him for a week?"
"Well, you Know he is only ?olng- to be here
two days longer." Brooklyn Life.
A Prober Name. "Well, I suppose If they
have a concert of the powers over China, they
-n. Ill end by dhldlng it up and benevolently
assimilating It amonff themselves." "Yes.
Then It will bo a sacred concert." Harper's
Bazar.
Hard Place to Fill. New Nurse Please,
mum, I can't do a thins: with the baby. He
cries all the time. Mistress Well, I declare!
How stupid of me! His other nurses -nere col
ored -Iris. You'll find some stove polish in
the kitchen. New York Weekly.
Of Political Affiliation. Brown Seems o mo
you are mighty chummy wltlj that Democrat.
Jones Well, what of It? He's an old-time
Democrat, aiid an old-time Democrat nowadays
Is pretty near sensible, enough to pass for a
Republican Indianapolis Journal.
The False Prophet.
Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
Four years ago a prophet
Came rushing from tho West,
And did so much predicting
His tongue got little rest.
He roamed about the country.
And everywhere he went
He said the times demanded
That he be President.
Then silver was the topic
On which he ever talked.
His voico was raised In warning
To crowds that 'round him flocked.
He prophesied disaster
If silver failed to win.
And said that sorest trouble
Would surely then begin.
He said that honest toilers
Would suffer deepest woo.
And that a money famine
Would cause trade's overthrow.
He said all kinds of evil
Would come to vex men's souls
Unless the causo of silver
Won victory at tho polls.
But sliver didn't conquer.
For voters favored gold,
And up against the prophet
Majorities they rolled.
And false were his predictions.
As very soon was shown
Prosperity was greater
Than e'er before was known.
The mills again were opened
Where idleness had reigned;
Up went the tollers' wages.
And men no more complained.
All trade again was quickened.
North, South and East and West,
And people had more money
Than e'er before possessed.
Once more this walling prophet
Is roaming o'er the land,
And everywhere is raising
The same old warning hand.
This time he lews with terror
The progress of the flag,
And tells us that expansion
Will all to ruin drag.
But voters are upholding
The rel and white and blue;
The prophet cannot scare them
With his new bugaboo.
They can't forget the manner
In which ho used to wall,
And they've no time for prophets
Whose prophesies thus fall.
NOrE AND COMMENT
The silver cause win exclaim, "et tu
Bryan!" when It expires.
If the census were not taken every 10
years. Chicago would soombe bigger than
London.
The Democrats' free-silver batteries are
but thinly masked behind the antHm
perlallst Issue.
Prosperity continues to be the para
mount Issue of the Republicans, and itlai
a pretty safe issue.
They can't find the Emperorln China
The same trouble Is bothering the Dem
ocrats In this country.
Even the dull, sickening flopping of a
few soreheads does not much disturb tho
quiet of the campaign. 1 ,
Bryan Is advertised In New York for
"one night only." His managers seem
anxious to square themselves with the
public.
Having advised young men to go Into
politics, Croker Is preparing a second
manifesto advising them to go in via
Tammany Hall.
A California man has Invented a but
tonless suit of clothes for men, but he
hasn't the nerve to tackle plnles3 gar
ments for the other sex.
"No man should come to the Demo
cratic party for money," says Bryan He
is rlKht there. The kind of money the
Democratic party has to offer la not
tempting.
Democrats say they are satisfied wlthi
the result In Vermont. Let us hope they
will exercise the same philosophy when,
they hear from the country at large in.
November.
Cleveland says every voter should bo
guided by his conscience and his patriotic
common sense In the next election, and
yet there are people who think Clever
land Is In favor of Bryan.
A peachgrower near Georgetown, Del...
protected his trees from the depredations;
of fruit thieves this Summer by conspic
uously displaying this legend on s!gn3
nailed to the fence surrounding his or
chard: "Caution! This Fence Is Surmount
ed by a Live Electric Wire!" The wlrei
could be seen on top of the fence, strung
on glass Insulators, and no one attempt
ed to meddle with It; but now that he has
marketed his crop the owner of the or
chard admits that It was a "dummy."
Tho merchants throughout Kansas who
stocked up heavily with Bryan hats, caps
and campaign buttons are complaining;
because people do not buy these goods. Int
1S36 all classes of dealers offered thesei
wares, and the farmers, their wives, sons
and daughters wore them as badges oC
honor. The farmers explain that they
are prosperous now and do not want to
take the chances of a change. Many hat
ters will begin the new year with a full
line of Bryan hats on their shelves.
For several weeks a big fusion rally at
Halstead. Kan., to be held last Friday,
was extensively advertised. It was an
nounced that 15 "spellbinders." Including:
Judge Doster, "Jerry" Simpson. John W.
Brledenthal. J. D. Botkln. David Over
myer and United States Senator Harris,
were to bo on hand. Special railroad!
rates were secured, and campaign xleoi
clubs and brass bands provided. Alii
were Invited to come with well-fllled bas
kets, prepared to stay from Friday morn
ing until Saturday night Friday came.
It was an Ideal day. There were no.
clouds to obscure or winds to disarrange.
The trains from the East and West came
rumbling to the station. The reception
committees were on hand to receive tha
crowds, and the crowds came. A count
was made as they arrived, and It was
found that exactly 17 people had flocked
In from all directions, many of them,
voters.
IUE? AXD WOMEN.
Tho Republican and Democratic nomlnces-for
Governor In West Virginia are to stump tha
state together during October.
Several Chlcazo men. led bv Charles F".
Gunther, have pormlsed to contribute gener
ously to a fund for reproducing In marble one
of the arches which ornament the city In
honor of the Grand Army votoran.
Alfred Emerson, who for the Inst three years
ha3 bren a student and tearher In the Ameri
can School of Classical Studies. In Athens.
Greece, Is collecting a museum of antiquities,
for the University of California.
Tawklao Is the name of a native King In
New Zealand who edits a little elght-paga
paper, with three columns to a page, printed
In both tho Enrllsh and the native tongue,
and called tho Pleiades of Seven Stars.
President Charles F. Thwlng, D. D. Lt.. D .
of the Western Reserve University. Cleve
land, Is to deliver a course of lectures at tha
University of Virginia on '"rne American Uni
versity," treating Its organization and admin
istration. Its chief cxccutUe. tho unlverslty
and patriotism, and the place of tho univer
sity in American life.
Michael Blddulnh. the London banker, who
has Just retired from Parliament, represented,
Herefordshire for .15 consecutive years. Mr.
Beach, the "Father of tho House." and Sir
Wilfred Lawsop. the noted temperanco advo
cate, will probably be tho only members oC
the noxt Parliament whose terms of servlca
date back to the 'COs.
AU'aaoNsky, the Russian marine painter,,
some of whose pictures were shown at tha
World's Fair, died recently, at the age of 82.
His native town of Fcrdosla on tho Black
Sea, gae him a public funeral. Nearly every
gallery In Europe possesses one or more of his
works, and In the Plttl Palace, at Florence,
his portrait Is placed between thoso of Leonar
do da Vlncl and Michael Angelo.
The ladles of Pletermarltzburg are getting
'up a memorial to the late Lieutenant Roberts,
the son of the British Commander-in-Chief In
.Africa, who was killed in the endeavor to sava
the suns at Colenso. It Is to take the form
of a stained-glass window in the garrlsoa
church, and is intended not only aa a mark at
honor for the deecased officer, but also as aa
expression of sympathy with Lord and Lady
Roberts.
i . t
Tbe "Wise 3Inn and the Ply Paper.
Chicago Times-Herald.
Thero was a man In our town.
And he was wondrous wlso;
He got some sticky paper which ,5
Ho spread out for the flies
He spread It on a chair and then ,
Forgot that It was thero. t
And. being weary, sat him down.
Upon that self-same chair. '
And when, at last, ho rose to go
He wildly reached around
And danced In frensy to and fro
And made a. wicked sounds
"Of all the fools the ono who first
Did think of catching flies
On sticky paper was the worstl
Ho said and he was wise.
From Babyhood to Childhood
Chicago Times-Herald.
I saw a sweet young mother stand
Where snow had drifted o'er the land.
A babe was lying on her breast.
Its fragile form
Against herself she fondly pressed
To keep It warm.
In later years I passed once moro
And saw her at tho cottage door;
A boy was lying on her knee.
Her look was grim,
And. suffering Joshua, how sh .
Was warming hlrat