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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 7, 1900)
THE MOBNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY. SEPTEMBER 7, . 1900. 10 GROWTH OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES (Coprrlcht, 1D00, by Seymour Eaton.) THtOREGONIAN'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE: DIRECTED BV PROF. SEYMOUR EATON COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF TWO CENTURIES BY PROFESSOR ALBERT S. BOLLES. X. (Concluded.) One ot the greatest changes that ever occurred in English manufacturing was the transfer of a considerable portion of the woolen Industry from Flanders to England during the reign of Edward IH. For many years the wool was sent from England to that country and manufac tured Into cloth, and In that form brought hack and sold. Flanders was the great est wool manufacturing country of the time. The Cistercian monks possessed vast ranges of moorland in Yorkshire and became famous as woolgrowere. Edward I drew & permanent revenue from this source by laying a heavy tax on the wool exported. Edward IH married a Flemish princess, Phllllppa of Hainault, and during -his reign, instead of sending English wool abroad to be manufactured and returned, he began to draw Flemish -workmen into England to manufacture the wool there. An old writer. Fuller, In 1536, quaintly said: -The King and state began now to grow sensible of the great gain the Netherlands got by our English wool; In memory whereof the Duke of Burgundy not long afterward Instituted the order of the Golden Fleece, where, indeed, the fleece was ours, the crolden theirs, so vast their emolument toy the trade of clothing. Our King there fore resolved if possible to attract tho trade to his own country, who as yet were Ignorant of that art, as knowing no more what to do with their wool than the sheep that wear it, as to any arti ficial and curious drapery, their beet clothes then being no better than friezes, ouch their coarseness for want of skill in their making." But in those days the people did not go from one country to another as they pleased, and it was not an easy thing to draw these Flemish woolworkers into England. If Edward's Queen had not been a Fleming the task would have been far more difficult. This rendered -intercourse between the two countries easier. Fuller then tells how the Dutchmen were drawn over. "Un expected emissaries" were employed by Edward to visit Flanders, who went among the woolworkers and ''bemoaned the slavlshness of these poor servants, whom their masters used rather like heathens than Christians: yea, rather like horses than men." Up early and late to bed, working hard, and with harder fnre a few herrings and moldy cheese and all this to enrich their masters. How happy should they be, so they were told, if "they would DUt come over to England and bring their mystery with them. "Here they should feed on fat beef and mut ton, till nothing mit their fullness should stint their stomachs; yea, they should feed on the labors of their own hands." "Liberty," so Fuller adds, "is a lesson quickly conned by heart," and if forgotten is easily quickened into life and action. The Flemings were per suaded, left their country and their looms and went to England and laid a secure foundation for this great Industry in the land of good Queen Phlllppa and of their adoption. Let us go on 400 years. The enterprising people of America are desirous of set ting up manufactories in their own coun try. England Is as zealous to keep what she has as she was crafty In enticing the Flemings from their old homes. Stat utes with the severest penalties were passed forbidding the exportation of Eng lish machinery to other countries. In 1718 the transporting of artificers was pun ished by fine and imprisonment. Thirty years after 'the sale of tools and 'uten sils used in "woolen manufacturing was prohibited, though not In British colonies. In 1774, however. Parliament raised a barrier against the exportation of tex tile machinery to any country. Whoever packed or put on board any machine, en gine or tool used in the manufacture of woolen, cotton, linen or silk forfeited not only the thing itself but 200 In money, and was liable to Imprisonment for a year. The statute was rigidly en forced. In 1784 a German -was fined 500 for luring operatives to Germany, and in 1786 a set of complete brass models of Arkwright's machinery for spinning and carding, made and packed In Eng land for shipment to Philadelpla, was seized. Let us not, however, be too se vere on old England It sne applied heavy Tines to others to prevent them from do ing what she did herself. Other nations havo been quite as greedy and short sighted, and the industrial policy of our country does not command such universal respect at home or abroad that we can harshly criticise the industrial policy of other nations. More than one revolution In the Indus trial world has been wrought by ma chinery. Note, for instance, Arkwrignt's invention in 1758 for spinning. Hargreaves had made a great improvement in the same direction not long before, and soon afterward the rotary carding machine came into use. First, with nice eye, emerging Nalds cull From leathery pods tho vegetable wool; With vriry teeth revolving: cards release The tanrled fcnota, and smooth the raveled fleece; Next moves the Iron hand with flag cm fine, Combs the wide card, and forms the eternal line. Arkwrighf 8 Invention was given to the world the same year as the engine by "Watts. But the Tvay was not clear for any of these great inventors. Not long after Hargreaves began to' operate his Spinning jenny the working people in that section of the country broke into his house and destroyed the jennies he had there, "and made the town and neighborhood too hot for him." "When Lord Hundson claimed from Queen Eliza beth a reward for William Lee, who had invented the stocking frame, she replied: "My lord, I have too much love for my poor people who obtain their bread by th employment of knitting to give my money to forward an Invention that will tend to their ruin by depriving them of employment and thus make them beg gars," and the riots over the use of this invention In the midland counties of Eng land were rife for more than two cen turies. Indeed, whatever may be charged up to the credit of the great inventions of the world, there are many Items that must be entered on the other side. Nor can the tolling millions be greatly blamed if they still regard the Inventions which deprive them -even temporarily of work es their enemies. One other machine must not be omitted In any glimpse at this subject. The mod ern methods of making cheap steel have wrought one of the greatest of all trans formations in manufacture. Through these the -age of iron is passing into tho age of steel. The most famous of all the steel inventions Is that of Sir Edward Bessemer. This consist in converting pig Iron into malleable iron by driving air through the molten metal to burn out tho Impurities. The effect of the blast is to burn out the silicon, carbon, sulphur and phosphorus. But Bessemer simply decar burized and desIHconlzed melted cast iron, nor was that even good iron. To- make steel of this metal It was needful to re store the carbon, and this was done by Mushet. Bessemer discovered only a part of the process, which would have been worthless without Mushefs addition. The two perfected one of the greatest pro cesses in the manufacturing world. How often has ,an incomplete or seemingly fruitless idea been wrought out and made priceless by another. To make a fine quality of Iron It Is necesary to "puddle" it. This was an ex pensive and somewhat slow proces. The puddlers received the highest wages of any class of iron workers and were mas ters of the situation. In making steel the puddler is no longer required, and he is destined at no distant day to be num bered with the extinct dodos. Machine manufacturing has brought with it fearful competition among manu facturers for the sale of their products, and among workers for employment. Just now there is a lull in the United States, but the months are short since thousands were idle and knew not where to earn their bread, or when the pitiless night ol Idleness would end. Of that vast number who passed through this long dark peri od half starved, yet not revealing their true condition to the world outside, and bravely trying to preserve body and hope, wo shall never know." The machinery for doing almost everything is so vast and efficient that as soon as all Its mighty energies are put forth, the world's de mands are quickly satisfied. Already the signs of overproduction are appearing, and the lines of competition are tighten ing. The last phase, and most wonderful of all, to be noticed Is that with the di vision of employments and the depen dence of ever' one on so many othert for the satisfying of his wants no ono lives In disquietude by reason of his de pendent condition. The millions in the cities retire at night expecting that the MKBJf MANUFACTURE milk man and market man and grocer I will serve them In the morning, while j they In turn will in some way serve him. ' This dependence Is so universal that we think nothing about It, unless a blizzard sweeps over the country, stopping trans portation, and then the dwellers In the cities awaken to the unwelcome fact that they are living on the edge of starva tion. But the world has adjusted itself so perfectly to the new conditions, each doing a single thing and exchanging the product of his toll for other things, that he does not think of the wojiderful social machine of which he forms a part. Great as many of the factories are, the social machine is still greater; and, great as the friction Is among its parts, the diapason is after all the prevailing tone among all nations where civilization and manufacturing have attained their great, est height. Haverford College. JAPANESE AS HOPPICKERS. A Great Many "Will Be Employed In ' Washington Yards. An unusually large number of Japanese will be employed. In the Washington hop fields this year. Japanese contractors have been offering their men freely, and many growers will employ them almost exclusively. About Sumner and Kent it is estimated fully 30 per cent of the pick ers will be Japanese. The number of Indians may be less than usual. As a rule, Japanese, Indians and whites will not work In the same field, but where 1 they do they will be separated. Growers say there is a decided advant age in the employment of Japanese pick ers. They state the whites demand so many concessions that it raises the scale of wages far above that paid either the Japanese or Indians. The whites must havo tents or small houses In which to live; they "want their goods transported to the hopnelds, and they demand that they be given potatoes and other vegetables free of cost. The Japanese are willing to carry their own luggage to and from the hopflelds, and have not asked any concessions in the way of tents or houses. They will also supply their own vegetables, and are i i-5r nnt -tn rnonH n Trmnh nf thiir fm ln gossiping. They are more easily man- ' dental to his office. It would be more aged. The habits of the Indian pickers i economical to Increase the Judges sal are fixed. They simply row up to the arles to $5000 a year at least, and reduce fields in canoes, bring their own tents l the number of Judges. By Increasing the and ask no questions. These are reasons salaries of Judges you would ensure riven bv emnlovers for nreferrine these I first-class men. When you take Into ae- classes'of labor to whites. But there are I 4.1 1 nil 1 111 . ! fiuwcra in certain luca-uues wuu win nui employ any but white labor. Hopgrowers west ot the Cascades have reduced the price paid pickers from 51 to 75 cents a box. This price will prob ably prevail all over the state. The ab sence of foliage and the quality of hops, though, may result In pickers earning more money at the reduced price than they did last year at ?L A prominent hopgrower explained the reason for the IiIXEX MANUFACTURE 400 YEARS AGO. reduction In price paid this year as fol lows: "The growers cannot afford to pay more than 75 cents a box. We are now confronted with the same conditions that prevailed in 1899, and there is a pros pect of hops going even lower In the mar ket than they are at present. There is a monetary flurry In the market, and sev eral dealers are buying heavily at 10 and 11 cents. "The brewers cannot afford to continue to pay this price long unless market conditions change. This price is only paid for the best quality of hops, and though the condition of the crop is much better than usual, there will be many sales at 8 and 9 cents, while some may not bring more than 5 cents. Accidents in drying and other causes will cause a reduction in some lots. Growers paid $1 a box in 1S99 and lost money through the entire, season. They cannot afford -a repetition this year. "Pickers are beginning to understand the conditions and to realize that the crop is much more easily picked than usual, and they can make money at 75 cents. For this reason, there has'been no com plaint when the conditions have been ex plained to them, and I do not believe, the crews will raise any objection. Tho demand for $1 a box is being withdrawn." MUNICIPAL STREET CARS. This Writer Thinlcs the People Should Own Them. PORTLAND, Sept. 5. (To the Editor.) Patrons of street cars pay the railways' expenses now, and would under municipal ownership. Enough Is now taken Worn their earnings to pay Interest, official sal aries, and stock dividends,, an amount that often counts up Into a great sum. Under municipal ownership, part of this could be set aside as a sinking fund, to ultimate clearance from debt, and the rest could pay Interest. This would cost the taxpayer nothing. The street railways certainly pay their way, and a profit on the investment, or they wouldn't be run. Once paid for, this profit could be used In many ways to the advantage of the city, and the good of the taxpayer. Why they should deteri orate under office-holders more than do the city's streets, or be more Impossible 100 YEARS AGO. to caro for. It is hard to see. The spoils system would be no worse, and as easy to overcome as now. But It is a sorry comment that such menace has to be con sidered In the light of dishonest and cor rupt officialism. That they should pay "a tax on their gross earnings" shows It wouldn't be a losing scheme to take them over. When will the people ever learn to have their own? C. W. S. Everybody knows the difficulty-of ac cumulating sinking funds under public management. A few have read from emi nent economists that it is sounder public finance to pay Interest indefinitely than to accumulate sinking funds. The aver- age person appreciates the menace of municipal debt and the burden of Interest. Street railways do not necessarily pay In terest and profits because they are kept going. They may be run at a loss and still be kept running, because trie loss would be greater If they were kept Idle. Even If they were under public manage ment and made profits, people would clamor for reduction of rates to tho amount of those profits, so that the re- lief to overtaxed property does not ap- pear. On the other hand, taxpayers would have to renew rolling stock when It wore out. The spoils system is not easy to overcome now at all, and certainly Its scope would be widened under this system. Dishonest officialism is not the greatest negative argument, but Ineffi cient officialism is. The people will have their own when they abolish property "Wants to Cut Salaries. PORTLAND, Sept 5. (To the Editor.) In The Oregonian of this morning I have read Mr. H. Wittenberg's criticism on official salaries. He is not consistent In his remarks. In some Instances he takes into account, and very properly so, tfte fact that a position which requires talent and a higher order of education, as In the case of the County Superintendent of Schools, whilst on the other hand he ig nores the fact that a County Court Judge must possess still higher qualities, and so reduces his salary from J3000 to $2400. -A- County Court Judge in Ireland receives not less man $w,wu ana expenses mci- count the responsibilities placed on a Ttiiya'd oVinllMAro anil Vta nlimhAI ftf Judge's shoulders and the number of years It takes him to become a lawyer of good standing, $5000 Is a small remun eration. Surely a Judge should have more pay than a Mayor of the city. A reduc tion of expenses can be easily made by doing away with certain offices, such as Treasurer, and make one of the bonks our traesurer, and a number of deputies. and, what Is still more Important, the grafting carried on In the city and coun- ty. There is not a proper system of superintending of contracts, etc., hence our heavy expense account In many In stances. The citizens close 'their eyes to such grafting. There Is no doubt what ever that If this city were to pay a cer tain number of commissioners a fair sal ary, we should havo a more economical and satisfactory system of municipal af fairs than now exists. This has been tried, with good results. In parts of Can ada and elsewhere, and found to work better than thnt of City" Councilors. This course would do away with grafting and the spending of money In fruitless or un necessary ways. As I have already said, there would be-no need for a blanket license ordinance If economy were prac ticed and expenses reduced. J. CREAGH. jylP"" FLORAL PARADE TODAY IT STARTS PROMPTLY AT 2 P. M. AT FIRST AND ASH. "Will Be Reviewed by the Carnival Qnecn at Fourth and Main Miss Fitzgerald Floral Quec. LINE OFM ARCH. Column moves from First and Ash at 2 P. M. South on First to Madison. ' ' "West on Madison to Third. North on Third to Tomhlll. "West on Yamhill to Seventh. , North on Soventh to Morrison. , East on Morrison to Third. North on Third to Burasldo. Went on Burnsldo to Fourth. South on Fourth, passing- reviewing stand at Main street, and counter-marching on Fourth. The chief of today's festivities will be the floral parade, which takes place at 2 P. M. The floral queen, Miss Bessie Fitzgerald, surrounded by a wealth of Nature's beauties, will come forth to ac cept tho cheerful homage of her many subjects, and with her attendants will hold a public reception this evening in the woman's building from 8 until 10. A magnificent pageant, composed of hand somely decoratedSqulpages, floats, eques trians, bicycles, and a long line of unique and laughable effects, will delight the eye and prove the capabilities of the woman's committee in arranging an at traction of great magnitude. Valuable prizes have been provided for excellence in each class of entries, and will be awarded by competent judges. Miss Alice Thayer, queen of the Carni val, attended by her maids, and prominent city officials will review the column at the Intersection of Fourth and Main streets. Plenty of music will be fur nished by the best bands In the city. Order of Parade. The following is the formation "df the column: PJatoon of Police. Grand Marshal, Ethel Plimpton, assisted by General Summers and Captain Lawrence H. Knapp, Chief of Stan; Captain C E. McDonald. Lieutenant IS. W. Moore, Captain Edward S. Edwardi, P. Bodlcy, Special Aids. Brown's Band. FIRST DIVISION. Dr. B. B. Miller, Division Commander; Ralph - Jenkins, Chief of Staff. Automobilea. Bicycle Br I cade. SJnsrle R-lffs. Tandems. Floral Queen and Float. SECOND DIVISION. Captain Sandford Whiting-, jComtnandlnff. Men and Women Mounted Aids. -Southern Pacific Bond. Ttro-horso Vehicles. Spike Team, consisting: of Mulo, Horse and Ox. Women's Secret Society, Floats. ' . THIRD DIVISION. Captain R E. Davie, Commanding, With Mounted Aids. Mount Tabor Band. Ye Olden Stage Coach. Four-ln-hand, with Trumpeters. Unclnssed Vehicles, Grotesquely Decorated. Division commanders and aids should report to the grand marshal at Front and Couch at 1:15 P. M. for final in structions. Women equestrians, fully mounted, will report with their escorts at the Intersec tion of Flrs.t and Ash streets at 1:30 P. M. Division commanders and aids are re quested to decorate ' their mounts In a manner to conform with the decorations of the parade. Those having flowers to contribute or entries to. make should report to the committee1 In the woman's building his morning. Evenlnsr Concert , This evening at 8 o'clock there will be a band concert In the German village by the Tacoma Military Band, directed by Julius Adler. The following programme will be rendered: part I. March "Tannhauser" Wagner Grand selection "Faust" ....Gounod Characteristic Chilean Dance MIssud, March 8ongv-"U. S. Volunteers" (by request) Adler Potpourri of German airs "A Night in Ber lin" ." Hartman "Portland, Carnival March" (first time) Adler The official Carnival march. PART II. Overture "Light Cavalry" ..Suppe "UnaVoco Poco Fa," the celebrated cava tlna from the opera, "II Barbler dl Savi- glHa" Rossini Cornet solo Mr. Conrad Bleber. Introduction and concert wait "Vienna Maidens" Zlehrer Grand selection from the opera, "Macbeth" Verdi Medley selection "Happy Home". ...Von Tllrer "Star-Spangled Banner" BABY SHOW. Planned by the "Women's Auxiliary for Next Weelc. The display of decorated, baby carriages, planned as a part of today's floral parade, has been eliminated by the floral commit tee, after consideration of the disadvan tages attendant upon handling such frail vehicles over a long line of march. What was to' have been meroly a secondary portion of the floral parade will be taken In hand by the committee and elaborated to the extent of an exclusive baby show of large proportions. It will be given pre sumably within the Carnival grounds, about the middle of the coming week, and will rival the floral parade . In general attractiveness. "FOLLY FARM." A. T. "Webb "Will Run His Ranch on New Principles. A. T. Webb, who has a Summer home and farm on the Base Line road.-a.short distance from the Twelve-Mile House, has decided to name hlB ranch "Folly Farm." He has undertaken to run his farm on a thoroughly scientific plan, and has Just laid It out In the shape of a wagon wheel, the center boing the hub. Yesterday he went to Pleasant Home and ordered 30,000 feet of fencing, with which he will pro ceed to divide his farm up according to the plan. Each part will contain about eight acres, and all will be connected so that he can turn stock in from one di vision Into another. Mr. Webb, who has been studying the question very deeply, has concluded that stock to do well must be kept separate. Horses must be kept in a place different from the cattle, and f the hogs won't do well when running with horses. Breeding hogs havo to be kept in a place by themselves. Mr. Webb has some fine hogs, also other stock. His band of goats he has disposed of. No doubt his plan of dividing up his ranch into eight-acre lnclosures will at tract much attention. He has several gangs of men clearing his farm, and the lumber for the lnclosures will soon be delivered. His Improvements will cost considerable money, but he is deter mined to have the finest farm in the county If the gold standard holds out. TO RECLAIM A DESERT. Dead Ox, Flat on the Eastern Border of Oregon, C. H. Bussey, a merchant of Payette, Idaho, Is In Portland with his wife dur ing Carnival times. At the Perkins yes terday Mr. Bussey said that his portion of the Snake River Valley is blest with a bountiful fruit crop this year, and that peaches and prunes are being shipped In large quantities to the large mining centers of "Montana, Utah and Colorado, as wel as the cities farther east. The first prunes of the season, he said, t brought good prices, but a slump has 'since occurred, as a result of shipments from Oregon and California. The reclamation of Dead Ox Flat, on the Oregon side of Snake Blver, he said, is beings agitated In Payette, and he looks for an early movement toward bringing the enterprise about. Dead Ox Flat is a tract of some 60,000 acres, which, with out water, is merely a bed of sand, but by a judicious application of moisture may be tranflfdrmed into tropical fertility. The programme is to dam the Payette at a natural point for a dam, about 18 miles above the town. The banks of Pay ette River are rocky and high there, and tho channel of the stream is unusually narrow. A dam would create a water fall from which electric power "could be generated and sent, by wire, to the banks of Snake River, where huge pumps are to be placed for hoisting the water in great quantity into ditches above. East ern capital Is being Interested in the scheme. Mr. Bussey is confident that Idaho will give McKlnley itH electoral vote thlB Fall, as a great change has come over the face of the state since 189S. PROMPTNESS WILL RULE. Driving: Parle Company Lays Dorrn the Lmv to Drivers. To show that the Portland Driving Park Company Is thoroughly up to date In all that pertains to a satisfactory raco meet, and that the entertainment of the public is paramount, the following notice has been drawn up and distributed for the guidance of horsemen during next week's racing at Irvington Park: 1 "Our desire and intention is to be lib eral, fair and just to all." Ye shall In sist on strict compliance with the rules of the National Trotting Association. "Ignorance of those rules will not be accepted as an excuse for transgression. We call particular attention to the fol lowing extracts from the rules: Rule 17. Section 1. Horses cannot be drawn after 6 o'clock of day preceding the race. (See our conditions.) Rule 27. Soc. 2. Any rider or driver falling to obey the summons (to appear on time) may be punished by a fino not exceeding S1Q0, or his horse may bo ruled out by the Judges and considered drawn. Rule 27. Sec. 5. Every heat in a race must be contested for by every horse in jtho race, and every horse must be driven to a finish. Should a rider be found guilty of violating this rule he shall be fined, suspended or expelled. Any horse or horseman delaying the start after beinr called will be fined one dollar per minute. "This rule will be rigidly enforced. The public don't like delays, and we must please the public "Drawing for positions will take place in the office of tho association, corner Fourth and Ankeny streets, at 8 o'clock the evening before the race. As the horses are on the programme, so will their positions In the first heat be. All owners, trainers or' drivers are Invited to be present at the drawing. "Horses due to race will no$ be allowed to 'warm up after the call bell rings. "Races started promptly -at 2 o'clock P. M. PORTLAND DRIVING PARK CO." TWO WOMAN CROOKS. Police Cnt Short the Career of Crim inal Visitors. Among the undesirable visitors -attracted to Portland by the throngs which are here to attend the Carnival were two notorious female crooks, whom the police placed behind the bars of the City Jail yesterday. One of these Is known to the authorities of Eastern cities as Kittle Flood, and her specialty Is "trunk work er." She puts up at a prominent hotel and has a trunk with her, which a male confederate manages to steal out of the house, and then Kittle begins a racket with tho bookkeeper, the baggage-man, and finally the landlord. She is an adept at dissembling, and easily deceives a crowd of bystanders in her role of In jured innocence. She attempted to work a prominent hotel In this city Wednes day, night, but tho chief clerk recog nized her as a crook" whom he had seen working the racket before, and so no at tempt was made to hunt up her trunk or compromise for Its loss by the pay ment of the several hundred dollars she claimed. Kittle was run In by Detectives Day and Wlmer, who were looking for her on a charge of attempting to pick a man's pocket on the same evening. The other noted female is known as Mabel Keating, alias May Clark, wanted by the San Francisco police, who re cently sent her photograph to Chief Mc Lauchlan, of this city. A charge of lar ceny from the person rests against her here. Her game Is to meet men on the street, and. after enticing them to her room, r6b them of what money and valu ables they possess. She generally picks up some man who fears the publicity prosecution would cause. The police have good evidence that both these women were brought to Portland at the behest of parties resident here. In order to "work" the Innocent among the crowds of visitors. The Portland career of these two particular women has been summarily cut short, whether they be convicted of the charges or not. 0. R. & N. ELECTION. No Change Except In One Director Who Removed From Portland. The annual meeting of the directors or trie Oregon Railroad & Navigation Com pany was held yesterday afternoon. The business transacted was the reading of the annual report of President Mohler, Which showed the affairs of the company, to be in a most prosperous condition, and the election of officers and directors. Among the latter there is but one change, that of the substitution of E. S. Benson, of Portland, for William Mcintosh, for merly of Portland, but recently removed to San Francisco. Tho report of Presi dent Mohler will not be made public, at least for the present. At a meeting of the stockholders Im mediately preceding the general meet ing, the following were elected directors: W. B. Ayer, Portland ; W. L. Bull, New York; E. 8. Benson. Portland: H. W. Cannon, New York; William D. Cornish, New York; H. W. Corbett, Portland; W. W. Cotton, Portland: E. H. Harrlman, New York: William M. Ladd, Portland; A. L. Mills, Portland; A. L. Mohler, Port land; H. W. Scott, Portland: Miles C. Moore, Walla Walla; Wlnslow S. Pierce, New York; Mortimer L. Schlff, New York. E. H. Harriman was re-elected chair man of the above board. The election of officers of the O. R. & N. resulted as follows: President, A. L. Mohler; general counsel, Charles C. Bea man; secretary and general attorney, W. W. Cotton; assistant secretary, Alex Mil lar; treasurer, F. V. S. Crosby: assistant treasurer, G. E. Wlthlngton; general aud itor, E. S. Benson. The executive committee consists of the following: W. L. Bull, H. W. Cannon, W. D. Cornish, E. H. Harrlman, Wlnslow S. Fierce, and Mortimer L. Schlff. Probate Court. D. H. MoLaughlin was appointed ad ministrator of the estate of William Campbell, deceased, valued at $1000. The heirs are the father, mother, brothers and sisters residing In Canada, The inventory end appraisement of the estate of Willard Woodcock, deceased, was filed. The valuation of the prop erty Is $385. . Petitions in Bankruptcy. Ida M. Bell, of Portland, canvasser, yes terday filed a petition In bankruptcy, in the United States court. Her liabilities amount to S2156 43; assets, $C00. Frank J. Nlcolet, of Fairfield, Morrow County yesterday filed a petition In bank ruptcy In the United States Court. Lia bilities,. $1319: assets. $1943 18. t General McClernand's Condition. SPRINGFIELD, 111., Sept. 6. General John A. McClernand' passed a very rest less day and has been growing weaker, being unablo to retain food. ELKS TAKE THE TOWN (Continued from Eighth Page.) postmaster; Louis Oddell, manager Mis soula Mercantile Company; J. H. Taylor, manager Coeur d'Alene Iron Works; H. P. Ward, undertaker; W. J. Kincald, mer chant; J. W. Tabor, merchant; Henry Miller, merchant; Emll Sllig, clerk? Stephen Oliver, lumber man: W. L. James, mlneowner; J, W. Fllnk, mine owner. Heppner, No. 35S Exalted Ruler R. F. Hynd, Esteemed Leading Knight Robert Wills, Esteemed Lecturing Knight Frank Roberts. Esteemed Loyal Knight David McAtce, Tyler Chris Borchers, Secretary James Hart, Treasurer Frank Gilliam. Among the prominent members were: E. W. Ray, merchant; T. A. Hall, vice-president of the First National Bank; J. Har ris, plumber; Percy Garrlgus; William Smith, Deputy County Clerk; Harry John son, carpenter; Thomas Stubblefield, liquor dealer, of lone; R. C. Sperry, farm er, of lone; W. S. Smith, farmer, of lone; Waldon Rheo, merchant. Eugene, No. 337 Exalted Ruler A. C. Woodcock, Esteemed Leading Knight Howard Roland, Esteemed Lecturing Knight Representative L. T. Harris; Esteemed Loyal Knight Walter Tift. Among the prominent business men are: A. Hampton, merchant; Frank Dunn, merchant: H. Hoffman, capitalist; Clemm Hodes, a graduate of the Bishop Scott Academy, and business man; Will Ren--shaw, liquor dealer; S. M. Yoran, Presi dential Elector on the Republican ticket; Dr. Payne, ex-Superintendent of the In sane Asylum; B. Fisher, mining man; Cal Young; E. K. Brown, ex-member of the Second Oregon Volunteers; Ira Campbell, editor of the Eugene Guard. Cascade, No. 303 (The Dalles) Exalted Ruler P. W. De Huff, Esteemed Leading Knight H. C. Leibe, Esteemed Lecturing Knight F. W. Wilson. Esteemed Loyal Knight A. Bettengen, Tyler Vic Schmidt. Of the prominent business men coming down as members, there were: Past Ex alted Rulers L. E. Crowe and John Mlch ell, Judd Fish, County Judge G. W. Blakeley, County Treasurer John F. Hampshire, Circuit Judge W. L. Brad shaw, ex-Representallve from Sherman County Walter Moore, ex-Representative D. I. McCoy, George A. Young, ex-president of the Wool Growers' Association; Grant Mays, merchant. La Grande, No. 433 Exalted Ruler T. N. Murphy, Esteemed Leading Knight J. H. Pear, Esteemed Lecturing Knight Good enough, Esteemed Loyal Knight J. P. Goodell, Tyler Jake Gulling, Secretary David M. Clark. Trustee Charles Melcrus, Among the prominent business men at tending were: J. M. Brady, general mer chandise; J. D. McKlnnon, groceryman; Tcm Ormond, groceryman; William Mcss ner, groceryman; Roy Reed, merchant; Jerry Foley, hotel proprietor. Roseburg. No. 32& A. Salzman, exalted ruler; J. B. Wall, locomotive engineer; W. H. Jamison, esteemed leading knight; Dr. J. S. Moore, Al Morris, railroad con ductors. Residents of Grant's Pass Dr. J. 8 Moore; C. E. Harman, Postmaster; J. L. Booth, hotel man; H. D. Norton, attor ney; Dr. S. M. Hamley. of Portland. Baker City, No. 338 Mose Fuchs. exalt ed ruler; M. Fox, chief of police; R. Eck man, foreman Golconda mine; Henry Rust, brewer; S. J. Friedman, of Port land; Wasco Oakes. of Portland; A. New berger, liquor dealer. Gray's Harbor, No. 593 L. L. Maley, cigar dealer: A. F. Coats, liquor dealer; E. W. Middleton, lumber manufacturer; H. N. Anderson, lumber manufacturer; L. M. Roser, accountant; Dr. Splegle, druggist; Peter Autzen. liquor dealer; R. F. Lytle, liquor dealer; Fred G. Foster, manager of Northwest Company's store, Hoquiam; John Herrmans, superintendent Hoquiam water works; H.. A. Hayes, banker, Aberdeen. Denver, No. 67 E. K. Campbell. Leadville, No. 23S E. Kautr. St. Paul, No. 59 Silas E. Foreman. Redlands, Cal.. No. 5S3 E. P. Tuck. Everett, No. 479 W. T. Jordan. Boise, Idaho W. N. Northup. Omaha, No. 39 A. B. C. Denniston. Salt Lake, No. 85 J. R. and J. L. Wil son. Portland. No. 142 Senator Alex Sweek, exalted ruler; District Attorney George E. Chamberlain, esteemed leading knight; John Lamont, esteemed loyal knight; H. C. Klpple, esteemed lecturing knight; Sec retary Louis Dammasch; Treasurer A. D. Charlton; Tyler O. H. Crabb, Chaplain Horace Thlelsen, Inner Guard W. O. Hart, Esquire Sig Werthelmer, A. J. Bali, organist; Trustees W. H. Upson, T. B. Howes and T. B. McDevltt; finance com mittee, D. R. Murphy, 'A. P. Hansen, W. J. Riley; Past District Deputy Grand Ex alted Rulers D. Soils Cohen. Charles H. Clute, R. W. Miller; District Deputy Grand Exalted Ruler R. E. Moody; Past Exalted Rulers Dr. H. R. Littlefield, C. H. Clute, George C. Sears, D. Soils Cohen, B. W. Miller, M. L. Tlchner, H. D. Griffin; grand lodge members. Dr. C. W. Corne lius, C. F. Sllter, Louis Dammasch, C. B. Farleman, R. W. Miller. Among other prominent business men of Portland who are members of the local lodge are: F. W. Baltes. R. W. Baxter, Phil Blumauer, Frank Barrett, Isadore Blsslnger, T. Scott Brooke, H. N. Burpee. David Campbell. Dr. W. E. Carll, John F. Cordray, Dr. C. W. Cornelius, John D. Carson, D. M. Dunne, Edward Ehrman, A. Feldenheimer, Dr. J. D. Fenton. J. P. Flnley, William Frazier, Dr. Hicks C. Fenton, J. M. Gellert, H. W. Goode, R. S." Greenleaf. Frank D. Hennessy, T. W. Hoyt, G. Heltkemper. F. A. Heltkemper, Sanford Hlrsch, C. M. Idleman, W. P. Keady, Charles Kohn. J. P. Kennedy, Paul R. Kelty, Dr. H. R. Littlefield. Har ry Lockhart, I. N. Lewis. John Lamont, F. T. Merrill, David C. Lewis. C. H. Lew is, J. M. Long, Dr. S. T. Linklater, A. W. Lambert, Dr. A. E. MacKay, Phil Met schan, P. F. Morey. R. W. Miller. J. H. Miller, Henry E. McGinn, Dr. Harry F. McKay, D. D. Neer, A. Newlaads, B. Neustadter, R. Prager, M. L. Pipes, John P. Plagemann, E. W. Rowe, Dr. D. H. Rand, V. A. Schilling, S. Schmidt. F. W. Schmidt, Sig Slchel, Dr. A. J. Sporry, George H. Strowbrldge, W. A. Storey, L. Q. Swetland. W. K. Scott, Otto Schuman, Gus Simon. W. J. Van Schuyver, W. O. Van Schuyver, Paul Wesslnger, George E. Wlthlngton, Dr. Sandford Whiting, Charles S. Walte Elks' Parade Woies. The judges of the parade, Mayor Rowe. Colonel Jackson and General Summers, awarded the prizes as follows: Best uni formed lodge of Elks, mounted elk, Sa lem, No. 336; largest number of Elks in line, $100 in cash, Quinlln, No. 180, As toria; tallest Elk In line, diamond pin, F. W. Smith, Spokane, No. 22S, height S feet 6 Inches, weight 280 pounds; fattest Elk in parade, diamond pin, Tacoma, 311 pounds; leanest Elk In parade, diamond pin, Astoria; most novel and character istic display. Cascade, at The Dalles; shortest Elk in parade, diamond pin, H. P. Meade, Coeur d'Alene, 5 feet Inch. Owing to a misunderstanding as to the conditions to govern the award of the $100 prize for the lodge showing largest aggregate number of miles traveled, no decision was reached on that point, but it will probably receive consideration later. The beautiful elk, "Pat," richly deco rated In white, purple and gold, which was led along the route of parade by J. R. Wilson, was admired by everybody. "Pat's" original home was In the Olym pic Mountains, but he kindly consented to act with Mr. Wilson and his brother, J. L, Wilson, as the representatives ot Salt Lake Lodge, No. 85. R K. Campbell, a traveling man of Denver, arrived In a resplendent high hat of purple, covered the line of march in a wheelchair, propelled by a colored at tendant, wearing the livery of a Revo lutionary servant. B. Katz marched as the representative J of Leadville Lodge, No. 236, and bore proudly above him a banner, on which was Inscribed: "One lonely Elk from Leadville, Colo. The other 399 are at home." W. T. Jordan was the only representa tive of Everett Lodge, No. 473. - W. N. Northrop, a 4 hardware dealer of Boise, was In line: A. B. C. Denniston. the railroad man. of this city, was the only member present from Omaha Lodge, No. 33. T. W. Smith, of Spokane Lodge. No. 22S, one of the most prominent and moat pop ular business men of Spokane, who has been frequently talked of as candidate for the Mayoralty of his city, was thought to be the largest and best-looking man taking part in the parade. He is or fine proportion, stands 6 feet In height and weighs nearly 300 pounds. In strik ing contrast to hl3 siae was the diminu tive drum major leading the Astoria Mil itary Band. Fred Brown, whose weight would scarcely reach 90 pounds. SEATTLE'S FIXE BAND. Played Its Way Into the Hearts of Portlanders. Wagner's Seattle Band rapidly played Itself to the forefront In Portland yes terday, as Its admirers assert It stands in the entire Northwest. At tho concert given In the court of the Hotel Portland more people clustered within hearing than could, find seats, and so thick did they become that It was neces sary to divert attention by having the band march through the fair grounds. Critics gave the band credit for excellent work, and the populate was wrought up to considerable enthusiasm by the selec tions it played- The programme at the hotel consisted of the following: "New Pictures North and South." which used the effective mel odies and airs of the Nation In a new medley; "Webber's Invitation to the Dance": a cornet solo, "Odyssus," Chrla Rodenkercher. the band's star cornetlst performing; and a selection from "Loh engrin." The difficult music of the lat ter number was given In such style as to be remembered by those hearing It. as all were deeply Impressed with this product of Wagner. Mr. Rodenkercher is a member of Thomas famed orchestra, and Is justly regarded with pride by his fellow-musicians in the First Regiment Band of Seattle. Immediately atter completing his term here he will go East to join the orchestra. As a soloist his friends be lieve he Is seldom equalled in this part of the country. T. H. Wagner, leadc of the band, wears two medals won by his art. but is little inclined to discuss his career as a musician. The band will remain in Portland until this evening, when It will return to Seattle. Its play ing In the Fair grounds last evening was also much enjoyea. So popular has It become that the departure this evening will be regretted by all. More Testimony on "Love Apples." PORTLAND, Sept- 5. (To the Editor.) If the "love-apple" question is stlll'open let me add my testimony to the fact that 50 years ago tomato plants were very rarely seen on the Western Re serve In the Buckeye state; and were considered poisonous. CUYAHOGA, It is no longer necessary to take blue pills to rouse the liver to action. Carter's Little Liver Pills are much better. Don't forget this. 9 ears What a luxury Pears' soap is! It is the cheapest and best toilet soap in "all the world. All sorts of people use it, all sorts of stores sell it, especially druggists. S09 Washington 51. 25 Cents EO-Pound Sack Table or Dairy Salt. 40 Cenls Box No. 1 White Macaroni. 20 Cents . 10-Pound Sack Nebraska born Meal 10 Pounds ' Standard Rolled Oats for 25 Cents. 15 Cents 4-Pound Package Cudahy's Washing Powder. 7 Cents Pound Fresh Soda Crackers. 10 Cents Pound Pure Leaf Lard. 15 Cents Pound Fresh-Roast Costa Rica Coffee. 30 Cents Pound Hoffman House Java and Mocha Coffee. of Footwear Just opened consignment of the celebrated "Foster" Make of Women's Shoes Dress Shoes. Street Shoes. Best that money can buy $5.00 per pair. E. C. GODDARD & CO. Oregonian Buildlni THE HAIR BRUSH Breeds Dandruff, Watch Cmme Fnll iiiK Hair and Finally Baldnena. Professor Unna, Hamburg. Germany. European authdrlty on skin diseases, says that dandruff Is as contagious as any other malevolent dlseepe, and that one common source of the spread of dan druff is the use of the same hairbrush by different persons. The way to avoid catching dandruff or any other disease from another's brush is to insist on the use of Newbro's Herpicide. It not only kills the dandruff germ, but It Is also an antiseptic that will prevent the catching of any disease whatever through conta gion of another's brush. I I I a 1 F Ww i A