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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 1, 1900)
B THE MORNING OEEGONIAN, SATUEDAY, SEPTEMBER 31900. Entered at the Postofilce at Portland, Oregon, &s second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Kooms 10G i Business Oace...-C67 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION HATES. By Mall rstage prepaid), in Advance Daily. RithSunday. per month. ...... -....$2 S3 Dully, Sunday excepted, per year..... .- xisuiy. with Sunday, per year.. ....--..- j Sunday, per year 7 J" The Weekly, per year ; The Weekly. 3 months " To City Subscribers , , Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted. J3o Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays Included.zuo POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada, and Mexico: 10 to 10-page paper ......-.-.-- J 16 to 32-pase paper -? Foreign rates double. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson. xfflce at 1111 Paclflc avenue. Tacoma. Box 353. Tacoma postofflce. Eastern Business Offlce The Tribune build ing. New Tork City; "The Rookery." Chicago: the . C. Beckwlth rpeclal airency. New Tork For eale In San Franclscr. by J. K. Cooper. 740 Market street, near h Palace hotel, and ct Goldsmith Bros.. 230 Sutter Ftre-st. For eale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street. TODAY'S WEATHER. Fair; slightly warm er; northerly winds. f PORTLAND, SATURDAY, SSPT. 1. WASHINGTON STATE. Plentiful lack of harmony is observ able in both parties in the State of "Washington. Yet we think the state will vote for McKinley by a large ma jority on the issues of National impor tance which the contest involves; but on state issues the contest may be of snore doubtful result. Against the pres ent state administration, at the head of "which stands Governon Hogers, asking re-election, little can be urged. It has .made a fair record. But the avowals of Rogers and the tendencies of his party are profoundly socialistic; and The Oregonian believes these tenden cies ought to be checked, wherever they appear. The fusion movement, of which the Rogers ticket is the outcome, is by no means so spontaneous or harmoni ous as it was four years ago. Some of its elements are not at all satisfied, and the bitter opposition that was made against the renominatlon of Rogers will certainly appear in many quarters, in the voting in November. Among the Republicans also there are many of the elements of discord. The dominant faction in the state conven tion carried it -with a high hand and gave no consideration to their oppo nents. "What "vvas known as the Seattle ring in former times is again in full control of the party, reinforced by such strength from Eastern "Washington as ex-Senator John L. Wilson could give it Wilson is in politics as a profes sion. He has no other occupation. He belongs to a family whose members have no ambitions or expectations be yond the management of politics for the usufruct; and his real abilities are in inverse ratio to his pretensions. The only real obstacle to complete Re publican success in the state is the ar rogance of the combined Seattle-Spokane machine. This will give the op position state ticket many votes which otherwise it would not receive. By many observers its election is deemed not beyond possibility; but we think there is no possibility that Bryan will get the electoral vote of the state. Pour years ago the fusionists of Washington made a frantic campaign -f?r silver. It was an issue which in the circumstances then existing in Washington awoke a prodigious fury, appealed in the most powerful way to discontent and disappointment, raised hpes in some, and to others seemed the providential offer of a new weapon of mischief, fitted for the hand of re venge or despair. Moreover, no eco nomic fallacy ever -vvas so attractive to lgncrance or to political craft, and the state gave the fusionists an extraordi nary majority. But those conditions liave passed wholly away. The sem blance of a fusion of former parties re mains, but the position has been com pletely shifted. Xot a word for silver appears in the platform now. It puts the contest on opposition to retention of the insular possessions we received from Spain, through the Spanish War and the Treaty of Paris. We shall see what response to this demand for surrender of the Philippine Islands and abandonment of the oppor tunities offered through their retention will be made by ihe young, ambitious and vigorous State of Washington. Already our Pacific States have seen. as a consequence of the planting of our flag in the Philippines, a commerce of mighty proportions opening upon them. Washington will be among the least willing of our states to throw this opportunity away. We look, there fore, for the majority against Bryan and against the programme of his party to be very large in the State of Washington. In the western part of the state, and throughout the Puget Sound country especially, the McKin ley majorities will he enormous. The fight of the Republican factions will not affect the Republican vote on this issue, whatever may be its influence on the fortunes of the state and local tickets. The fusionists will not find opposi tion to expansion and its advantages the thing to conjure with that they found in their demand for silver four years ago. Washington is completely lost to Bryan, and It may be doubted whether any state, save perhaps two or three in New England, will throw a heavier proportion of its vote against nim. APATHY IN THE CAMPAIGN. General Apathy, who seems to be the most dangerous foe confronted by Mr. Hanna's committee, promises to cut quite a wide swath In the present cam paign. It is impossible to blink the fact that the vital issue of 1896 does not interest the people today as it did then. Mr. Hanna's frantic efforts to displace "overconfidence" with vim and activity are abundantly justified by the situa tion. The campaign is apathetic, and, eo far as appears now, is going to re main so. Fortune has favored the Bryanites again, as It did in 1896. Then they preached 16 to 1 as a relief from scarc ity of monej and times were hard. Now they are anxious for oblivion to seize "upon the money Issue, and times are so good that nobody can complain of monetary ills. It is manifestly a bad time to advocate a change in our financial policy, and the Bryan outfit is shrewd enough not only to declare that "imperialism" is the paramount issue, but also to honor the war cries of 1896 in the breach. Danger exists, not so much from the Ellver basis as from the studied and consistent attitude of Bryanlsm in op position to prosperity and th'e existent order. But it is going to be very hard to get the general run of voters to real ize it. The man that is busy and pros perous Is the last man in the world to get excited about election. If he is in a hole, he will exert himself on election day to get out Everybody went to the polls in 1896 to restore pros perity, either through the gold stand ard or through 16 to 1. As for expect ing the country to Indorse the party in power for any good It has done, that is out of the question. At the flood tide of prosperity in 1S92 the Republi cans were overwhelmingly defeated. Lack of interest in the election is dis tinctly a Democratic asset. It is not to be overcome by attempts to evade the charge of "imperialism" by appeals for gratitude on account of currency leg islation. The disposition of the de pendencies must be frankly discussed, and such errors of administration as have been made It will be hopeless to palliate. The country expects to keep the islands, but it wants their inhab itants justly treated. Bryan will not be elected, but his party has its salu tary function in compelling the Repub licans to consider well their going. INFORMATION WELCOME. Are Oregon's timber lands being ac quired for development or for specu lation? This is a timely inquiry, and certainly a pertinent one. In yester day's Issue of The Oregonian a cor respondent alleges that the syndicates that have been buying up these lands have no Intention of working up their timber, but propose only to hold It for an increase In values. On the other hand, representatives of the syndicates ask clemency for their principals on rjhe ground that they contemplate erec tion or sawmills- ana aaaiuon oi some thing worth while to the wealth and employment of the country. It must be plain to the candid observ er that whatever the syndicates do, they will Incur censure in a severe form. If they work this timber up into lum ber, they must expect to be pilloried in the press as wanton destroyers of the country's great natural resources. Who shall restore to us our great for est domain after it has been despoiled by the vandal hands of lumber kings, possibly even an unspeakable lumber trust? Who will absolve us from our infamy In permitting the lumber sup ply of Oregon to be made up into ships, cities, railroads, telegraph poles and cordwood, when the whole country might otherwise have remained an un broken forest, its water sources in primitive perfection, its standing tim ber still in full and startling millions and billions of feet, board measure? But' take it on the other hand. Sup pose they don't cut the timber, what then? Then you behold these cormo rant corporations gobbling up all the public domain and refusing to turn a hand or spend a dollar to develop the country or bring in people, create wealth or afford employment, improve markets or afford a joyful resting place for the Assessor. One hardly knows wrhich to execrate the more the cormorant corporation, refusing to Im prove the land it has acquired, or the abandoned lumber trust, laying waste our magnificent inheritance of fir, pine and cedar. We take it for granted no syndicate or corporation will ask any consideration for having spent their money in the country. Probably they all understand that, anxious as we are for investment, the favor is all on our side. Once having parted with their savings, or the savings of which they are the custodians, they are lucky to be allowed longer upon the earth. Tet we must at any rate take things as we find them. The public will want to know what the syndicates are going to do with their timber lands, and It will be very likely to find out. The Oregonian has already done what it could to find out the facts about the lands, and it will pursue any promis ing line of information. Meanwhile it will be glad to hear from any one who knows as to whether the new owners of our lumber supply propose to con serve it or to add to the taxable wealth of the state. The great and rich State of Michi gan has been built up largely through its lumber industry. Lands once cov ered with woods are now in farms and orchards, while thriving agricultural districts and prosperous cities attest the work that has been done. But its rich timber supply has practically dis appeared. You can't saw up your tree and have it, too. It is getting so, moreover, that land cannot be cleared with any great success without money in considerable quantity, such as cor porations only can command. The work of the white laborer, who used to stop every five minutes to light his pipe or examine the topography of the nearest field, had to be supplanted by the Chinaman, who toiled uninterrupt edly and faithfully till his task was done. But the Chinaman is becoming Christianized. He gambles a good deal, and upon occasion gets drunk. In learning to carry the white man's bur den he has lost much of his industrial availability. Machinery must work the lumber, dynamite dig out the stumps. Perhaps the sooner they get to work, the better. A BAD TITLE BUT GOOD DIPLOMACY Under the caption "The Game Land Our Fathers Lost," Frederic Irland, in the September Scribner, writes that in 1793 the Scotch fur trader, Mackenzie, toiling up the Peace River to its south western source, made a portage Into a streamlet which at last bore him down to a wide, unknown river. Learning from the Indians that this river ran a very long way toward the midday sun, and at last fell into a " great water which was not good to drink, Mackenzie made the shrewd but erroneous guess that the river he had found was the Columbia. It was in fact the Fraser. Mr. Irland writes that this "mistaken surmise, being printed in a book, was the cause of British claims to the whole Oregon country, only settled when, in 184S, Mr. James Buchanan, Secretary of State under President Polk, by the ad vice of the United States Senate, quit claimed to Great Britain all the unex plored region west of the Rocky Moun tains which Russia had conceded to the United States, but which went to form the southern half of the Province of British Columbia." Mr. Irland's story Is interesting, but he seems to forget that Captain Robert Gray discovered the mouth of the great river of Oregon in 1792, and that at the time of this discovery the principle was fully recognized by Great Britain and other nations that the discovery of the mouth of a river carried jurisdic tion to and over the basin drained by it, and as the headwaters of the Co lumbia extended northward into what is now called British Columbia, almost to the 54th degree of north latitude, the discovers' of Captain Gray laid a bet ter foundation for title to that basin in the United States than Mackenzie's presumed discovery of the Columbia in 1793. Even if the stream found by Mackenzie in 1793 had really been the Columbia, the British title would have been weak, for Gray had discovered the mouth of the river in 1792. In the purchase by the United States of the territory of Louisiana, in 1803, this claim was, however, merged in the more ancient title, for Spanish navi gators had explored the coast just 200 years before up to 55 degrees north lati tude. Immediately after the purchase of Louisiana territory by the United States, in 1803, Great Britain advanced claims to the Oregon country on the following grounds: That Sir Francis Drake in 1578 had sailed along the Pa clflc Coast northward to 48 degrees north latitude, and had repaired his ships at Sir Francis Drake Bay, just north of San Francisco Bay; that Cap tain Cook had sailed in 1778 from the Hawaiian Islands to the west coast of North America, which he skirted north wardly to Cook Inlet in. the effort to find a northwest passage; also visited the Strait of San Juan de Fuca, south of "Vancouver Island; that Vancouver in 1792 had examined the American coast from 39 degrees 37 minutes north latitude to 56 degrees north latitude. After visiting the Spanish settlements, he continued his survey of the coast southward to 35 degrees north latitude. "Vancouver visited, in 1792, the Strait of Juan de Fuca, discovered by the navigator whose name it bears just two centuries before. This was the whole of the British case, a very weak case that is not strengthened by the pleasant story that Mackenzie mistook the Fraser River for the Columbia in 1793, the next year after the discovery of the mouth of the Columbia by Cap tain Gray. If Mackenzie had not been In error, it is hard to see how his dis covery helped the British case. The truth Is that the British did not win the present Province of British Columbia through the strength of their title, but in spite of Its weakness. British diplo macy scored a victory because the ad ministration of Polk was willing that it should, Just as British diplomacy scored a victory in 1842, when 5500 square miles of the State of Maine was ceded to Great Britain In obedience to what was termed "considerations of National policy." RETIREMENT ALMOST INEVITABLE. As The Oregonian predicted, Russia is proving, of all the great powers of Europe, the best friend of China. Rus sia proposes to withdraw her troops from Pekin, giving as a reason the fact that the original purpose of the ad vance on Pekin has been attained in the rescue of the Legations, and that the re-establishment of a responsible native government at Pekin will be more quickly accomplished if the Chi nese capital Is evacuated by the al lies. Russia reiterates that she is not at war with China; that she has oc cupied and holds New Chwang and other points in Manchuria for the tem porary purpose of restoring the integ rity of her railroad communications, broken during the late anti-foreign up rising. She declares that her military operations In Northern China are only incidental to the defense of her fron tier nd the repulse of the Chinese insurgents, and she reiterates her de termination to exact no territorial In demnity from China and her opposi tion to any foreign policy that directly or indirectly contemplates the partition or further mutilation of the Celestial Empire. The answer of the United States is that, while it believes that a stable government at Pekin could be obtained best by the joint occupation of Pekin by all the allies until nego tiations for reorganization and re-establishment of a central responsible Chinese Government at Pekin have been crowned with success, neverthe less the United States would not deem it expedient to retain its troops at Pe kin if Russia or any other of the Eu ropean powers is Inflexibly determined to withdraw. Therefore, In event of Russia's withdrawal of her troops, the United States will evacuate Pekin. It is reported that neither Germany nor England Is pleased with the de cision of Russia. Both believe that permanent peace and order at Pekin can be best secured by the occupation of Pekin until, a desirable native gov ernment has been organized and has proved Its sincerity and strength by the public punishment of the guilty contrivers and executives of the anti foreign outbreak. This difference of opinion is natural. Forty years ago the allies treated the Pekin Govern ment with great lenity, despite the barbarous murder of Captain Barba zon and Abbe St. Luc, seized under a flag of truce. They speedily left Pekin, and except for the destruction of the Summer Palace, In its suburbs, left no object-lesson of the avenging military wrath of the allies upon the face of Pekin that, broad writ, the Chinese people could have read for a genera tion to come. There were able men In that expedition who strongly -urged upon Lord Elgin the Importance of leaving behind him some signal object-lesson of military severity in Pe kin. They showed that otherwise the expedition of the allies would be robbed of half Its legitimate value, since the government and people of Pekin could point to the fact that Pekin was none the worse, nor its defenses the weaker, for the visit of the allies. There Is force in this plea of Great Britain, and our Government implies recognition of its strength in the dec laration that in its judgment Pekin should be occupied by all the allies until the whole work of re-establishing a trustworthy native government has been completed, but since Russia is determined on her own independent action to withdraw her forces, the United States does not think it expe dient to be a party to other than a unanimous occupation of Pekin by all the allies. The decision of the United States Government is Inspired by good sense. Our Government does not agree with Russia entirely in the opinion that the evacuation of Pekin is the short est and best road to the re-establlsh-ment of a responsible native govern ment, but believes that unless Pekin be held by all the allies It had better not be held at all; that Is, a Joint oc cupation by all the powers, or no oc cupation. This division of opinion, and prob ably of action, on part of the allies may lead to serious consequences. The Em peror of Germany and hlsv people are naturally anxious to make Pekin and its people remember with awe the mur der of the German Ambassador by their recollection of the severe public pun ishment of the leaders of the mob that murdered him, and unless restrained by the conservative action of his Parlia ment, Emperor William will be reluc tant to withdraw his troops from Pekin until they have witnessed the public punishment of the murderers of the German envoy or of those officials who Instigated his murder and Inspired the assault upon the Legations. Neverthe less, the actionof Russia and the United States in resolving to evacuate Pekin is apt to be conclusive. France will support Russia, and Great Britain will be compelled reluctantly and against her best judgment to assent to what she does not approve, but cannot pre vent. Japan will naturally, for her own interest, favor an easy settlement with China, but in event of England and Germany stiffly standing out against Russia's decision to withdraw, Japan might side with Great Britain, her only possible friend and ally In event of war with Russia. All the powers have officially disclaimed any intention of making the present crisis a pretext for further mutilation of the Chinese Empire, and It Is not likely that the comparatively subordinate question whether or no to evacuate Pe kin as the shortest road to peace and tranquillity will permanently divide the action of the allies for the future. Of course, God's deputy and chief vassal here on earth. Emperor William, is in fealty bound to render service to his Master. Hence, of all In Christen dom, he is most belligerent. He has taken up his sword and buckler and set forth to rescue the holy cause from the heathen. He hits conjured up the twelfth century and borrowed there from direful threats of terrible venge ance and of awful destruction. The paynlms have violated the sanctity of William's religion and broken laws of God and man. Therefore they must be smitted with the gauntlet of force. Oriental barbarism has risen against Occidental civilization in much the same way as the Moorish hordes over ran the Holy Land. Thus William's expedition is in the nature of a cru sade. It is a holy war. If his name were Richard, he could be styled the lion's heart. The United States not only does not want to share in any partition of China, but absolutely will not haye any part In it. Nor will the United States take any position in China which will oblige us to connect ourselves with one European alliance or another. When our people In China shall have been rescued, the reason why we sent our troops there will no longer exist. We still have many interests in China which must be conserved; we must take care of our trade and look out for the protection of our people who may go into the country, but we want no Chinese territory, and want no part In any European squabble over Chi nese questions. What is wanted in China is a more enlightened and stable government, which shall include the great Viceroys of the Yangtse region, Liu Kun- Yi, Chang Chi Tung and others, who have done their utmost in the anti-foreign outbreak to protect foreigners and to maintain order throughout the vast ter ritories they govern. Such a govern ment will have to be formed under the protection of the powers, who must not only pledge to those Viceroys any as sistance that may be needful now, but must guarantee to them the fullest pro tection hereafter, should any attempt be made to inflict punishment upon them in consequence of their friendly course. Nobody can imagine there remains the least possible hope for the Boers in their contest with the British. Boer resistance presently will be reduced to a point at which the British will de clare that it is no longer legitimate warfare, and will begin to shoot all who may be taken in armed resist ance. Not only this, but they will soon begin such devastation of the country as will make It impossible for an enemy to And subsistence in it. That's what the Federal armies did in the Confed erate States during the last year of the American Civil War. It Is some times a necessary way of getting con sent of the governed. Bryan demands to know whether "the American people are going to per mit their Government to make slaves of the people of the Philippines." This actually Is worse than his crown of thorns and cross of gold. It Is rhetoric merely, and silly rhetoric. No man supposes that any people under the American flag will be "enslaved." Even Bryan, shallow as he is, does not im agine it. But the man and the party that must invent one paramount Issue after another are compelled to a mighty deal of twaddle. Abraham Lincoln, also, says the Ne braska State Journal, was called Im perator, but that did not cause him to swerve from his duty. He said with perfect good nature, after one of these periodical attacks of Democratic abuse: "There is no fear of the people losing their liberties. We all know this to be the cry of demagogues, and none but the ignorant will listen to them." This is recommended to the consideration of the persons who are misquoting Lin coln so vigorously at this time. "ColiNent" in the South. New York Evening Post. The idea of Southern Democrats sup porting "the consent of the governed" in the Philippines, when they deny It to an other colored race in their own states, was grotesque enough when Tillman, of South Carolina read that plank of the platform at Kansas City last month, and it be comes more ridiculous every day as the .Southern editors free their minds on the subject. The Montgomery Advertiser is the leading newspaper In Its state, and In commenting upon the decision at the re cont election to amend the Constitution, it remarked that, "unless all signs are at fault, Alabama has taken the first step towards eliminating the negro from our politics," adding these plain words: "As a voter he is a failure, a menace to good government, and a disturbing ele ment in our affairs. The time has come for the experiment to end, and it must end, in the manner designed by Nature with the dominance of the white race. That is as sure as anything In earthly affairs can be." The Antl - Imperialist Congress at Indianapolis adopted a reso lution that. In supporting the principles of the Declaration of Independence, it meant to apply them to the negro race in America as well as to the Filipino, and that it deprecated all efforts to deprive the negro of his rights as a citizen. This deliverance evokes Indignant protests from Southern Democrats. The Macon Telegraph, a leading journal of Georgia, says that "there can be no objection to these people voting the Democratic ticket, but it Is very offensive to the people of the South for the South-hating, negro- loving agitators like Boutwell to give them a slap In the face upon the very threshold when they declaro themselves Democrats." In the same spirit the Memphis (Tenn.) Commercial-Appeal tells "those busybodles" that the people of the South "are amply competent to take charge and manage their own affairs without outside assistance," and that "the preservation of its civilization, Its Ideals, its white supremacy, its laws, and institutions is of greater moment to the South. than all the Issues of all the plat forms, real or fictitious." A STARTLING PROPOSAL. Do We Want Congress to Assemble Jicxt March? Chicago Tribune. The two blunders of Bryan, which, in Mr. Murat Halstead'3 opinion, make his election Impossible, are his announced in tention of calling an extraordinary session of Congress "as soon as inaugurated" and his declaration that the Monroe doctrine must be made to apply to Asia. If Mr. Bryan were to have it In his pow er to convene the fifty-seventh Congress on the 5th of March, It would hold, says Mr. Halstead, the longest session in our political history, "owing to the character istics it would have, insuring cranky agi tations and elongated debates." These words do not tell the whole story. A mes sage from President Bryan sent to Con gress nine months In advance of the time when It would ordinarily meet would be one long appeal to his adherents in that body to "agitate, agitate, agitate." They would be called on to legislate not merely for the abandonment of the Philippines, but also to carry out every pledge made In the Democratic platform. They would be invited to frame laws for the free coin age of silver, for the retirement of the National bank circulation and the Issue of more unsecured greenbacks, for the abolition of "government by injunction," and for the reconstruction of the Supremo Court, so that a majority of obsequious Judges may be secured to declare consti tutional an income tax measure like the one of 1S94. It does not need intelligence or a high order to conceive the Inevitable effect of nine months or more of revolutionary Congressional agitation on the industrious citizens of the United States. When they saw the dominant party In Congress de claring war on public and private honesty and the fundamental principles of good government they would become panic stricken. Every branch of industry would be depressed if not paralyzed entirely. While Congress was dealing thus ruin ously with domestic affairs, President Bryan would be dealing with foreign af fairs after much the same' fashion. What ever his predecessor had done would be odious to him and he would pursue a radi cally different course. There would be a complete change In foreign policies, wjille it is most desirable that in foreign affairs there should be a continuity of policy, as there is in England. There a party just coming into power does not proceed to undo all its predecessor has done, as Mr. Cleveland did when he withdrew the treaty for the annexation of Hawaii, sent to the Senato by President Harrison, and ordered the American flag hauled down in Honolulu. Mr. Bryan, If President, would go be yond Mr. Cleveland. Ho would haul down the flag wherever his predecessor had raised it, If possible. If any provisional settlement of the Chinese question had been made by the present Administration he would refuse to ratify It. The Ad ministration of President McKinley has followed a course which has caused for eign nations to respect and admire Ameri can diplomacy. Mr. Bryan would feel bound to pursue a different course, and the high estimation which foreign govern ments have now of the American Gov ernment would disappear. Mr. Bryan, if President, intends to serve notice on the nations of Asia and Europe that the United States Is going to establish a Philippine republic and to give it that protection from "outside Interfer ence such as has been given for nearly a century the republics of Central and' South America." That Is, the Monroe doctrine is to be extended to the gates of Asia and Japan and the European powers are to be told they must respect this extension of that doctrine or take the consequences. Mr. Halstead thinks some of them would take the conse quences. He says that If we go out of the Philippines, the German Emperor will go in. "His ships and men would be there In force. Japan would respond instantly to a signal from him." Mr. Bryan would either have to go to war with Germany and Japan or let the unstable fabric of his Philippine republic go down with a crash. He would prefer humiliation to war. Mr. Halstead Is of the opinion that of Mr. Bryan's two blunders this proposal to extend the Monroe doctrine is the greater one. In some respects It Is, but this amplification of the Monroe doctrine will not alarm business men so much as Bry an's threat to convene Congress next March If he Is allowed to, and to spur It on to discuss for months the debasement of the currency, the confiscation of cred its, and the promotion of anarchy. Not many weeks of such a Congress would be needed to breed a panic and afflict the country with so many domestic evils that the people hardly would have time to study the new foreign policy of the United States, with its mixture of cowardice and arrogance. GROWTH OF CITIES. Short Comparison of Lnrse Cities In Two Hemispheres. Chicago Tribune. While the population of the country at large has increased about 20 per cent dur ing the last decade, the three principal centers of population, New York, Chicago and Philadelphia, have gained 44 per cent. These three American cities of the first class have a population combined of 6, 429.474, or nearly 9 per cent of the entire population of the United States. The trend of the population toward the cities is strikingly shown by a comparison of these figures with the census returns of 1S00, when the 10 leading towns of the country had an aggregate population of 207,167, which was less than 4 per cent of the total population. Europe has a population more than five times as large as that of the United States, but has only five cities of more than l.OOO.QOO inhabitants, London, Paris. Berlin, Vienna and St. Petersburg, whose combined populations are less than 3 per cent of that of Europe. The compara tive advantages of urban residence over rural life are more pronounced In this country than in Europe, which explains and Justifies the American preference for city life. A reaction has set In in favor of suburban residence which has been stimulated by excellent transit facilities, but the rural sections of the country will not attract many people from the cities In advance of Improvements which are indispensable to health as well as comfort. Public works of this character have been necessarily confined to Amer ican cities, and it will be many years before the rural districts can afford such internal Improvements as are to be found in the country in many parts of Europe. In the meantime, the bulk of the growth of the population In the United States will be confined. to the cities and large towns. Crushed by n. Trnst. Columbus (Go.) Correspondence to At lanta Constitution. A few months ago the Southern wad ding mills were incorporated in Columbus with a capital stock of 525,000. The com pany was composed of a number of the most prominent and practical business men of the city. Among the organizers were a number of cotton-mill men. The Idea was to utilize the wastes at the Columbus and other Georgia cotton mills, and convert It into batting and wadding. A site was purchased, material was bought, and work on the plant com menced. When the promoters of the enterprise carefully made their arrangements they did not Include in. their calculation the Batting and Wadding Trust of the coun try. Work had not progressed on the plant very far before the officers of the company received word from the Trust that they would like to have a confer ence with the company. This confer ence was held in New York, three stock holders representing the Columbus con cern. The Trust demonstrated to the satisfaction of the gentlemen that they could crush them out easily. The Trust made. a reasonable offer to the company, agreeing to pay them so much money. If they would abandon the enterprise. Thl3 offer was nccepted. The money was paid, and during the past day or two the stockholders have been refunded their money. They did not lose a cent Indeed, they made a little, as they re ceived back all the money they put in, and still have the lot and the half-completed plant to dispose of as they see fit provided that under no circumstances is It to be operated as a batting mill. DEMOCRAT ON BRYAN. Man Who Stood the Chlcajro Plat form Is at Length Dlsgnsted. Chicago Times-Herald. Mr. Bryan's charge that a Republican Administration Is striking at the vital principles of our Government In Its lust for cmalre meets with a stinging retort from William E. English, of Indiana, himself an inheritor of the best Demo cratic traditions and a Democrat of the highest standing, who now leaves the Democratic party, and leaves it, as ht says, for good, Just because it has be come the chief menace to our Institutions. Though ho approves the proposition that there must be compromises of individual opinion under the party rule, he believes that Bryanlsm admits of no accommoda tions on the ground of expediency, say ing: In a. great, exceptional crisis like the present, when the honor of the country Is at stake. Its credit attacked. Its Judiciary denounced, the supremacy of Its law menaced, the glory of Its flag- assailed, and, by the open advocacy of the principles of anarchy, the existence of the Republic endangered, party fealty must give way to public weal, and tho party that arrays Itself arainst that which Is politically honest, honorable and true must be opposed, let the consequences to Individuals bo what they may. Tho only imperialism we have, de clares Captain English, is the Imperial ism of the candidate who sent out his edicts to be embodied in his party plat form by his trembling viceroys. The im perialism which he denounces conducted successfully a war for which his party clamored, brought order out of chaos in those islands which camo to us as the fruit of the war (though his party has instigated and is still instigating rebel lion there), and Is essentially, thoroughly and Intensely American. Therefore, as between men, Captain English indicates his cholco thus: I shall, without hesitation, record my vote on election day for that patriotic d?fendr of the National honor, faithful guardian of the public credit, and gallant soldier of the Civil War, William McKinley, whom four years of trial has proven to be a sagacious leader, up right Chief Magistrate, and true-hearted Amer ican, and that statesman in peace and hero in war, Theodore Roosevelt, whose name and fame Is dear to tho heart of every comrade of the Santiago campaign, every soldier of tho Spanish-American War, and every citizen Of the I'nlted States who venerates honest, cour ageous, incorruptible American manhood. Captain English himself served at San tiago, not as an imperialist, but as a pa triot, and while his association with American soldiers has convinced him that the dangers of militarism are vis ionary, his knowledge of life and men makes It just as certain to him that there are real dangers In such documents as tho Chicago and Kansas City platforms. The Democrats today are exciting tho passions which precipitated a Reign of Terror in Paris 100 years ago. Hauling: Down the Flaff. DALLAS, Or., Aug. 29. (To the Editor.) If, as you and the Republican party claim, "the Constitution follows the American flag," will you insist on keep ing it waving over the walls of Pekin aft r tho allies have conquered China?' Again, is It any more disgraceful or hu miliating to us, as a great Nation, to take down our flag from the Philippine Islands than it was for our Government to take down the flag from the City of Mex ico at the close of the Mexican War? T. V. B. EMBRED. Wo should certainly advocate retiring from Pekin when our present mission there is accomplished. As for the action of the United States in the case of Mexico, opinions are free and one can think as he likes. If we did wrong then. It makes no difference now, as the thing Is done. However, there are many points of divergence in the two cases. The Phil ippines are our territory. Mexico never was. We did not abandon Mexico until the Mexican arms were silenced, and we shall not abandon Luzon till the Tagal bandits are killed or subdued. Then we shall do what seems best. Mr. Embree's attention Is Invited to the facts that the flag was hauled down at Mexico by Dem ocrats, and that "the Constitution follows the flag" has been, the cry of Democrats. Onr Unhappy Fellow-Citizens. Letter in New Tork Times. In I860 there were those who wept be cause an end would come to our Repub lic If Mr. Lincoln was elected, and in lSCt many went to bed In despair over his re election, fully convinced they would never be allowed to vote for a President again. During both canvasses for General Grant much of this talk was heard, together with vague claims of "Caesarlsm" and the terrors of a government In the hands of a soldier-President, but all these things came to pass, and now we are about to vote for a President again, and the chances of continuing this operation In definitely are limited only by the span of man's life. MEN AND WOMEN. "Walter Warder, who, in the absonco of Gov ernor Tanner, Is acting Governor of Illinois, won popularity In Chicago during the Hay market riot by his fearles action before the mob and the ready aid he Rave tho wounded. The late Sir "William Frasor possessed a splendid and "unique collection of books and en gravings on costumes, which he bequeathed to tho Princess of "Wales, who has lent the whole for a time to the British Museum, where It Is accessible In tho printroom. The lato Colonel Charles Scott Venablc. of tho faculty of the University of Virginia, was one of the zreatest benefactors of that Insti tution, and. besides his own gifts, secured, through his Influence, the large telescopo from Leander McCormlck, and Gathered the $73,000 for Its endowment. Major Lothalre, the Belgian officer who exe cuted tho Englishman named Stokes In the Congo Free State, has been dismissed from the position as manager of the Congo Free State Trading Company. It Is understood that this Is the result of the charges brought against him of cruelty to tho natives. "W. B. "Word claims to be champion wolf catcher of tho country, basing his claim on the fact that he appeared In Rapid City. S. D., recently with .132 pelts, 244 of the gray wolf and "S of the coyote. The bounty on the lot amounted to ?810, which Is the largest wolf bounty ever paid to one man so far as 13 known. Mrs. Stanislaus Vezyk, the representative of the Polish photographere of Chicago at the con vention of the American Photographtc Associ ation at Milwaukee, Is one of the few women professional photographers In America, and the only Polish woman In the United States who makes her living by her camera, Tho widowed Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. according to the "Westminster Gazette, has an Income of $80,000 a year from the British Treasury, besides a jointure from the Coburg Duchy estates. Tho Russian estates of the Duchess and her own Invested money and her llfo allowance from the Imperial treasury pro duco an Income of about ?25O,00O a year. It Is reported that In future- tho Duchess will spend half of each year In Russia, and the plc turesquo hunting lodge of Rosenau, in the Thurlnglan forest, near Coburg. will bo hor Summer residence. NOTE AND COMMENT. Portland Is doing more than playing: fair Just now. Tho flight of the Dowager Empress seems to be about as effective a means oC concealment as that of Professor Andrec. a James J. Corbett. having made JIS.OOC can now devote himself to his typewriter till he gets another chance to be licked.. The fighting in China was fierce, but tho gallant Von Waldersee escaped un scathed. All pickpockets who visit Portland next week are cordially Invited to become tho guests of the city at Second and Oak streets. It 13 said that carrots are fine food for tho complexion. The delicate tints on tho cheek of the cow are, of course, due to their use. If the story that Li Hung Chonjr Is worth $30O,O0O,CO0 is true, how does it hap pen that none of the titled Generals over thero now have sought the hands of his daughters? Senator Clarke is going to. spend $300,000 to elect Bryan. The Senator's former In vestment of this kind was such a glitter ing success that, of course, he is suro he can do It. Another American idea has taken hold in London, partly perhaps as a result of! recent exceedingly hot weather there. In a fashionable square the doorstep of a, society leader's home was converted lnto an outdoor sitting room one evening not long ago. Cu&hlons were scattered about in abundance, while just inside the hall door stood a table on which were cool drirks. cigars and cigarettes. Thesa were liberally consumed by the family and guests and the whole scene formed an inviting picture to people across ttuj way. An English shoe trade organ quotes one of the traveling salesmen of a Liverpool house as follows: "In looking backward one feels that the Spring season hn been especially noteworthy in respect to one peculiar item, namely, every commercial traveler representing a British house has felt American competition to be a real live fact, and far from being the bogy it was said to be some time back. Stowly the American houses have advanced and sproat themselves aroiunl, adapting them selves to the wants of each particular market with a cleverness which will al ways make them formidable competi tors." Cy Wash, the only surviving poet of the Indians of Oregon, sends the follow ing to The Oregonian. He says It contains tha names of all the counties In the state that were here when his great great great-grandfather came, beside sev eral others which have grown since that time. He thinks if lie could have ar ranged the names of the counties alpha betically It might have been useful la the schools. He undertook this task, ho says, but found that with his limited knowledge of the English language It was impossible to find rhymes. Mr. Wash, whose name is a singular one for one of his race, adds that he was inspired during a recent visit to Sixth street while he came to Portland to buy some whisky for medicinal purposes i From Tillamook, from "Wasco, From Clatsop by the sea. From tho hills of Umatilla "Where the sheep run wild and freev From Clackamas and Benton, , From Marlon, from Lane, "' From Lake. Tamhlll and Harney "Where the beef steer dots tho plain. From Douglas. Coos and Curry "Where tho big, bold breakers roar, From Josephine and Jackson "Where there's nothing but gold ore. From Baker and from Malheur, From Gilliam, from Grant. From Wheeler. Linn and Lincoln "Where tho Pops are getting scant. From Crook and from Columbia. From Polk and Washington. From Klamath and from Union, Every single mother's son Has laid aside his troubles. Has Mil farewell to care. And now Is making ready To come and see the fair. T PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERS The Grip on Emergencies. ""What's the dif ference between knouWIge and wisdom?" "Well. It takes knowledge to- build an automo bile, but it takes wisdom to run It." Chicago Record. Conceded." 'Mandy." said h"r elderly rela tive, "that young Sfoonamore hnsn't a cent to his name. You would be simply crazy to marry him!" "I nm. auntie." replied Miss 'Mondyv Chicago Tribune. Makes Tp a Misunderstanding. "Jun. how do you feel toward me?" "John. I can't tell, you until I know how you feel towards me." "Well, but you know that all depends on how you fel towards me." Indianapolis Journal. Foyer You seemed to enjoy the vauilevlUo show hug"ly Xtivi evening. Libbv It was ter rible. Fover But vou laughed as thoiirch you'd die. Lobby Yes; I couldn't help thlnklHg how funny It was that I should sit there and ba tortured. Boston Transcript. Ills Misapprehension Farmer Honk T hear tell that that Ions-necked young city feller that Is boardtn with you has gut piilnmasT Farmer Summertime It's a durned lie! He's, been at our house nearly two we-ks now, an" he ain't drank a drop all the time. Puck. The Raven In China. "It Is claimed that a Chinese pet wrote the original of Poe's 'Ra ven several thousand years before Edgar A. was bom." "I wonder how ho rendered tha 'Nevermore!' " "That's easy. 'All fnnwe no comee some bumby yettea. " Cleveland Plain Dealer. Father (meanlm-ly) Who is the laziest boy In your cl.issi. Tommy? Tommy I don't know, pa. Father I should think you should know When all the others are Industriously studying or writing their lesse.ns. who Is It alts Idly in hl3 scat and watches the rest. Instead of working nlmself? Tommy Tho teacher. Glasgow Evening Times. POPULAR SONGS. (From "The World's Own Songster and Bunch, of Beautiful Ballads.") Do Not PuHb. Your SlMt-r'H Face. By Reginald Ke Dovon. An old man tottered down the street. With age his form was bent; Ills voice was weak and almost gono, "Upon a cane he leant. He saw a curly-headed boy With his sister dear at play: He saw him raise his hand in rago. Then unto him he did say: CHORUS. "Do not push your sister's face. Do not 3mash her Jaw, It Is not gentlemanly, and It Is against the law. So do not raise your angry hand And give her face a swat; My boy, remember that It la Tho only face she's got." The years rolled by. as years will do Tho boy grew to a man; But them was nothing strange in thla. As It la Nature's plan. But often he would think upon Tho old man far away. Who met him on the Uttlo street And unto him did sayt CHORUS. "Do- not push your sister's face. Do not black her eye; Do not spoil her countenance. You'll rne It when you die. So do not ralso your angry mitt , And glvo hor cheek a swat; My boy. remember that It Is Tho only faco she's got." Baltimore! Am ar'caa,