tc f,-r,i'.i n.) -, ' jpfl ' '
ip -J.5W- - yfwT J?
THE MOTCNItfG OKEGOmAtf. MONDAY, JULY 16, 1900.
THE STRUGGLE FOR
(Copyright, 1000, by
THE OREGONIAN'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE:
AMERICAN POLITIC ALPARTIES
iBT-EON. JESSE MACT.
xrr.
The Opposing: Vlexvs.
democratic Action had precipitated the
contest between freedom and slavery In
X&nms and for years the hand-to-hand
content wrfth ballots or with rifles upon the
.Western:" prairies was matched by tho
forensic battle in the Legislative halls at
Washington. One-sided as the question
may seem to Northern view, it cannot ba
denied that there was a real and eanwst
conviction upon the side of slavery also.
The Southerners felt "With growing bitter
ness that the North was constantly taking
unfair advanages. They saw themselves
shut out from the steady march of pros
perity, by which tho Northern States were
growing rich and strong. They saw state
after state admitted to the Union, with
conotttutions forbidding slavery, afer
Texas, the- last slave state, bad come In.
A generation had grown up honestly be
lieving that the system, of slavery pos
sessed all moral and constitutional sanc
tions, and that the Northern opposition
wao unjust, illegal, bigoted and utterly
Intolerable. They understood that by the
paosage of the Kansas-Nebraska, act
Kansas "had been legally dedicated to
slavery, ond that the ..ahatlcal and anti
aavery Immigrants and their supporters
nere plotting to wrest from the South
by fraudand guile that which was right
ly hers." Almost any meane of frustrat
ing this nefarious scheme peemed Justi
fiable In the eortreme danger which threat
ened Southern welfare. Kansas lost
meant the jJerpetuatlon of Southern ln
dus'rfal Inferiority, losu of numerical su
periority in the Senate, and the unen
durable political supremacy of the over
bearing Yankee.
To the North, on tho other hand, a
great moral Question wa at stake. Slav
ery was a .sin, a moral cancer, sapping
the Nation's 1'fe. To check Its further
spread, was the first duty of every man
who loved hd country and believed In the
law c-f rlghteousneax By the Missouri
Compromise thCKktlon had been commit
ted to a restrictive policy. The Kansas
Nebraska act which ropoaled that com
promise had violated the Nation's pledge
and handed over to slavery sqll made sa
cred to freedom. Nothing could be hoped
from pro-slavery politicians. Dbuble
deallng, trickery and falsehood had char
acterized their course. The time had now
come when every possible effort must be
made to render effective the moral ear
nestness, the solf-sacriflcing love of f re
dom and of country which had swept
through the Norlh like a prairie fire at
this latost -violation of political good faith. i
Compromise was no longer possible, the
.Nation's death struggle was at hand, and
for it the Kansas dispute cleared the
way and marshaled the opposing forces.
The First Territorial Government.
Kansas, then, was to be slave or free,
aa "popular sovereignty" shortd deter
mine. Pro-slavery immigrants were first
In the field and were able to elect the first
delegate o Congress in 1834. The first
Federal Governor. Reeder, a pro-slavery
Democrat, arrived soon after and ordered
an election for a legislature. This took
place In March, 1B55. The census taken
the month before reported nearly 3000
legal voters In the territory, but the elec
tion returns showed 5427 votes cast for the
pro-slavery candidates and 791 for others.
Large bands of men crossed the Missouri
line on election day, voted and returned to
Missouri by night The free-state immi
grants who had been coming in larger
and larger bands for actual settlement
since the Summer of 1S54 naturally de
clined to recognize a Legislative body so
chosen. But the forces of slavery, 'sup-
Fmnlclin Pierce.
ported by the Federal Administration at
Washington, held their advantage and
persisted In casting the color of lawless
ness upon overj act of the free-soil set
tlers, whom they constantly charged wth
Tesistanco to "the constituted authorities"
of the territory.
The Legislature took extreme pro-sla-very
measures, adopting all Missouri's
slave laws and adding some 50 statutes.
Imposing the death'-peitnlty for offenses
against slavery, and requiring every offi
cer, candidate, juage and voter (If chal
lenged) to take oath to support the fugi
tive slave law.
j The Topeka Constitution.
Under such a government there was no
place for the Northern Immigrant with
..anti-slavery sentiments, and the free
state men took immediate steps to have
Kansas admitted as a state without wait
ing or an enabling act of Congress. Such
lack of formality was not unprecedented.
California had come in thus, and so had
jOther territories. A constitutional con
vention, attended only by the free-state
settlers, met at Topeka in October, 1855,
;and formulated a state constitution, which
prohibited slavery. This, having been
submitted to popular vote, was adopted
bjj the Xree-state party, the pro-slavery
party ignoring the whole proceeding. A
Legislature, a full set of state officers and
& Representative to Congress were also
elected, and Kansas applied to Congress
for admission. A bill admitting the new
state with the Topeka constitution passed
the House of Representatives, but was re
jected by the Senate. From the territo
rial government which President Pierce
was determined to maintain the Kansas
free-state settlers could expect only per
secution; a government they must have,
and what better could they do than to
stand by that which they had established,
even though it was refused Federal sanc
tion by the partisan Administration at
Washington? So the state Legislature
met In July, 185S. but only to be dispersed
4 by Federal soldiers acting under orders
from Washington. President Pierce had
pledged "the Interposition of the whole
power of the General Government as well
to maintain the laws of the territory as
those of the Union."
After repeated failures to put the free
state government into operation the last
effort, in January, 1657, having been
brought to naught by the arrest of tho
members of the Legislature bv Federal
officers the Topeka constitution was fin-.
any aoanaoned.
Civil War In Kansas.
Meantime the territory had drifted into
a state of -anarchy and desultory warfare.
One may well feel surprised that, con
sidering the Inflammable state, of affairs,
violence and bloodshed were so long
avoided, but the year 1S56 -was memorable
for the great suffering endured by the
people of Kansas. The two governments
and their supporters were mutually re
sisting and disobeying each other. As
sassination, murder and Ineendlarismvon
the part of the "border ruffians" werean
awered by Similar 'deeds' by tho ifeWoil-
KANSAS IN 1855-58
Seymour Eaton.)
DIRECTED BY PROF. SEYMOUR EATON
era. It Is not necessary to say to which
party belongs the greater guilt. Tho most
violent passions were aroused and acts of
cruelty and barbarism on one- side or tho
other were of frequent occurrence. The
insecurity of life and property spread ter
ror throughout the settlements. This law
lessness," which drenched the borders of
unhappy Kansas with blood, was quite
other than the rudeness and lawlessness
common to frontier communities, and far
more serious, more ominous, for it was
based upon profound moral and political
convictions, upon settled and Intense de
termination. With good reason the at
tention of the whole country waa con
centrated upon Kansas. Thoughtful men
looked with foreboding Into the future.
It was a period of great discouragement
to the Northern immigrants. Every sort
o'f power seemed to be in the hands of
their enemies, by whom they were daily
insulted "and abused. Lawrence, which
bad become headquarters for the free
state forces, was. threatened by a pro
slavery mob In the Fall of 1S55, and actu
ally sacked and burned the following
Sprlng. In fanatical retaliation John
Brown and his followers murdered five
pro-slavery settlers, and the contest was
thus made more bitter and desperate.
There was, however, on the part of the
anti-slavery settlers no thought of aban
doning the struggle, though men came -to
realize with what a great price was free
dom to be won for Kansas. The stream
of Northern immigration grew smaller,
but It was not checked, and every com
pany now came equipped with Sharpe's
rifles. The North began to cast up her
resources. An article In the Springfield
(Mass.) Republican contained these lines:
"We can perceive no reason why vre or the
North should appropriate to ourselves the
whole terror and dread of w&rv We cannot
tell -why the whole weight of Its heaviest
strokes, will be for us, albeit our Southern
friends evidently so regard It. We have more
charcoal than they have; we have mora salt
peter; we have more brimstone; we have more
lead; we have more bone and blood and nerve
and muscle. Will they have a trial by theso?
Are they ready for it? Are they eager for the
clinch of death? Let them beware.
In this spirit the struggle went on. For
every1 free-state man slaughtered for his
faith a score of free-state men equally
earnest and more sternly resolved
stepped over the border.
There were good reasons, foreseen from
the first by wise men of the North, why
In a continued contest between freedom
and slavery based upon Immigration free
dom had the great advantage. To make
Kansas- a slave state there must bo clavs
and slaveholders there. Now, a slave
was a very valuable pieco of property,
and his owner was likely to be slow about
taking him to a part of the country where
it was altogether possible that ho might J
cease to be property and become a. "per
son. Property Is proverbially timid, and
no property had so good reason for timid
ity In Kansas as slave property. "Even
when a Southern planter had determined
to sell his estate and remove -with his
slaves to aid in pre-empting the tiew ter
ritory for the beneficent Institution, such
a transfer was a matter of time often
much time. Then, the plari for sending to
Kansas Southern xnerf who -Were not ham
pered by slave ownership was not one to
command universal confidence. Pro-slavery
men without slaves had been known
to become strong opponents of slavery un
der certain conditions. t Tho South had
had experience of that in the case of
California. Moreover, the loose rabble of
the baser sort, such as the border ruf
fians of Missouri, despite their ferocious
temper and adventurous spirit, could not
be depended upon to win in the long,
steady, unyielding fight to the death for
home and right and country which the
convinced anti-slavery man was ready to
enter upon.
On the other hand, large numbers of
trained, successful business men in the
North were able quickly to transfer their
interests to a new locality. Farmors. me
chanics, merchants could follow their
callings In the new settlements, and there
was an abundance of eager young man
hood seeking avenues to fortune and use
fulness for whom Kansas offered an- at
tractive field. And so the freestate pop
ulation gained steadily ovor that from the
South, and.by,the end of the year 185C
the New England Emigrant Aid Society
felt that its, work was done, Its- battle
won. There were four men for freedom
In Kansas to every one for slavery.
Note. Study No. XIV will be con
cluded on Monday, July 23.
Danjcer In Democratic Success.
New York Journal of Commerce.
A glance at the names and states of the
Senators whose terms expire next March
is enough in itself to afford the assur
ance that a vlctorj' for the head of the
silver ticket would carry with it a silver
Senate. Mr. Bryan cannot well be elected
without carrying nearly every state
which he carried before, with several
large Republican states added. His party
has already chosen silver men in place
of the two Gold Democrats Caffery, of
Louisiana and Lindsay of, Kentucky
whose terms expire in 10L Among the
Republicans who retire are Baker of Kan
sas, Carter of Montana, Shoup of Idaho,
Thurston of Nebraska, Warren of "Wyo
ming and Wolcott of Colorado. Here is
a group of six states almost certain to
choose silver Legislatures if they give a
majority to the silver Presidential ticket.
Board of Trade and
Stock Exchanae Brokers
GRAIN
PROVISIONS
STOCKS and
. COTTON
BOUGHT AND SOLD FOjt CASH OR
CARRIED ON MARGINS
214-215
Chamber of Commerce
Porllsndi'Orefloa
John BroTTO.
' l
CULL
ON
CO
The transfer of these seats to the silver
column vrould -pull down tlje Republican
strength in the Senate to 45, or Just .half
of a full Senate. There are other Re
publican Senators also whose seats would
be lost If the more sangulno claims of the
silver, parties, were verified. Messrs. El
klns of West Virginia, Nelson of Minne
sota and Bewail of New Jersey are among
tho Republican Senators whose states are
claimed by some of the silver extremists.
It Is not within the range of reasonable
probabilities that these states will choose
sliver Legislatures; but If they choose
Bryan Presidential Electors the Legisla
tures are likely to go with them. Even
if a sound-money majority of a vote or
two existed on paper when the Senate
met next March it might be easily over
come by -the exercise of executive pres
sure and patronage upon Senators from
states which have been doubtful on the
silver question. Who can believe, in view
of the experience of Mr. Cleveland In 1S93,
In converting a silver Senate into a
sound-money Senate by a. majority of 11,
that a, special session called by Bryan to
repeal the gold-standard law, with the
avowed object of putting an end to the
panic following his election, would not
witness an equally effeotive exercise of
Executive influence?
ADVERTISED.
List of Unclaimed Letters Rcxnatnlnff
In the) Postofflco at Portland, Or.
Free delivery of letters "by carriers at the
residence of owners may be secured by observ
ing the following rules:
Direct plainly to tho street and number cf
the bouse.
Head letters with the writer's full address.
Including Street and number, and request an
bv, er to be directed accordingly.
Letters to strangers or transient visitors la
the city, irtose special address may be un
known, should be marked In the left-hand cor
ner, "Transient. This will prevent their be
ing delivered to persons of tho same or simi
lar names.
Persons calling for these letters -will pleais
state date on- which they were advertised, July
10. They will be charger for at the rat of 1
cent each.
WOMEN'S LIST.
Alexander. Mrs " Jillff, Mrs F S
Anderson. Mrs Mary 33 Johnson. Miss Berths.
Apple. Mrs H L
Jones. Mrs Annie
Bauman, Mrs Anna,
Beatty, Mrs M E
Bena, Miss Hazel
Bell, Miss Amos
Bent. "Miss Ella
Bernhard. Miss Anna
Berger, Mrs Mary
Barry. Mrs T W
Blsbee, Miss Lillian
Blair. Miss Kate B
Blockley. Mrs W J
Boone, Mae
Bryant, Mrs HatUft
Brldgeford. Miss
Marlon F
Brock, Mrs Sccella
Brown, Mrs A H
Brown, Miss Bessie
Brown, Airs May ,
Bue. Mrs T T.
Burkhardt, Mrs 3 II
Caalry. Mrs J
Kelly, Miss Minnie
Keith. Mrs Belle
LaSelle. Stella
Lent, Mrs Minnie
Lee, Mrs Frances
Paine
Lee, Malesso.
Ltppman, Mrs R
McFarland. Mrs R
MantelL Miss Era
Marshall, Mrs Bessie
Mathews, Polly L
Matthew, Miss Sadie
Meserre, Mrs Bessie
Meade, Eva
Merchant. Mrs W H
Miller. Mrs B S
Mnier. Mrs Mary M
Moulton, Georgia A
Morton. Miss Linley
Nevegold. Emma B.
Nyman, Bona
cnapman. airs A J Norte. Miss Rosa
Christian. Miss Char- 0erstreet, Mrs Mattie
lotte ' Palmer. Miss MaHgft-2
Clancy, Mrs Annie Pause, Mrs Anna
Cofrman. Mary Price, Mrs Anna
Crulckshank. Mrs M. Raglln. Miss Zelph
Craloe. Mlsa. Nelllo Reed. Mrs C A-2
Crawford, Mrs Jeanette Robinson, Mrs J.W
Rlordan Urs Kate
Cross, Miss Pearl
Davis, Mrs A
Davis, M!a Irene
Dekum, Miss
Dolsman, Miss Clara
Duncan. Mrs J M
Ellis. Mrs James.
ElcelL Miss Laura.
Boss, Mrs Anna Watt
Ryan, Miss Kat
Sablsch, Ida
Saunders, Miss Ella
Scort. Mrs Josephine
Schaffer, Mrs
Schanncper, Miss Bell
Shields, Mrs Lucretla
Fcnersteln. Florence "Bmlth, Mrs Belle
enton. sirs Erma Bmitn, Mrs busio
.Ford, Miss Lutle O
Gateiy, Mrs Anna
Ooss. Mrs Harry
Harden. Mrs B
Helm, Mrs K
Howe, Mrs Stanley
Hltchcook. Miss V
Hotson, Mary
Isokssan, Miss Alma
Imbell, Miss T K
Jubb, Miss- Jeanett
Jufld. Mrs Edwin C
Smrth. Mrs W B
Smith, Mrs. S E corner
7th and Yamhill
Stachlnburg, Minnie
Steyer, Mrs L S
8treeter. Mrs 8 O
Ekuza, Miss Bertha
Taylor, Mrs Alex
Thunderson, Mies' Oily
Thornbers". Mrs Lulu
Vincent, Mrs Nellie
Delmater
Johanesen, Miss Mar- Wilson, Mrs F K
tha
MEN'S XIST.
Abspler, G M
Abbott. Alexander
Allen, A
Andrews, A V
Anderson, E
Anderson, A
Anderson, C M
Barnes. T H
Beardsley, J S-3
KUne. H B-3 ' Z
Keller; C R
Kelly. & W
Kelly. T N
Kruseman, Mr
Lapham. Rev S C
Lane, James
Livingston Chemical Co
Llch, Danish, Port
Beall. Swift
Emp Agcy
Bernstein, Master Leon Llppman, A-2
Bcrmingham &.Co
Lang. Ik N
Blckrell. Boward
Blgelovr, C T
Bllven. Lorenzo
Bourcy, L N
Borg. P L
Borgen. George
Bronson, G L
Brown, Alfred
Longacre, Elbert
Lonon. J-P
Lornve, Billy
Love. Fred
McAulay, Prof Geo T
McCarbory. W A
McCoy. Wra T
Mais. Fred
Brown, J2 u
Maple, W H
Bruckman, Fred Theo-Maxon. Mr
dore-2
Martinson, James
Bucknan, Wm G
Buckler, Charles
Bullock, James
Butler, A
Campbell. F 8
Carman. George
CnernofT. Lorentl S
Chase, Harry F
Christian, Elmo
Church, Al
Couls, Joseph
Crawford, Wm
Curran & Smalne
Dyer & Dorgor
DeBreo
Delna, W M
DeWert. Ed
DeVaul, Oscar
Diamond, Carmine
Dickinson. Gene
Doran. John
Duffee, Robert J M
Dunn, EE,
Eastwood. A 3
Eaton, Forest
Edwards. C N
Elliott, Walt
Everest. Wade
"Farrar. A B
Fechhelmer. Wm B
Flsk, W H
Flook. J G Co
Fowler, L W-2
Foelck, Isidore
Forteer, N L N
Fraxer, H N-2
Gwin. A P
Gauflney, Edward
George Adolph B
Gllfln. Garth G.
Goss. H H
Goutney, E
X3 raves, DrJL
Gregory. A & Co
Grimth, R N
Hamlin. P H
Jlarx. Benjamin
Matthleu. Master 3 C
Mattson. G W
Michel Bros
Mills. C E
Miller. G
Miller. Dr H 3
Moegers, Linus
Morley, Frank
Meyer. Mrs W
Napier. W
Nayxnan, Jack
Newman, Louis 7
Nlckum, A J
Nielsen, Otto
Noble, Cyrus D
Norvell, J M
Oregon Com Co
Oregon Road Club
O'Leary, Dr Chas
Pacific Corset Co
Partridge, B E
Patterson, T
Peltzer, Wm-2
Peaks, Fred R
Petters. Martin
Peterkli. Geo
Phillips. Dr A a
Pick, Henry
Potter, F C
Press, Alfred
Rich. Chas T
Roswell, If E A Sou
Rudolph. L
Sands, Jno
Sanborn, Homer D
Banter, Geo J
Schmidt, Sam
Scott, S F
Solterlin, Geo
Selstrem, Crick
Searight, Clay C
Shuman, Dr
Bhafer, Dolphus
Smiley, Albert
Smith, Dr Alan W
Smith, A
Smith, John L & Co
Smith, Leo L
Southerland. Tom
Stlnson, W H
Snow, WmA
Snyder, A B
Ullrich. Carl
Villwseh, Gulgust
tWaxxant, Geo
Ward. James P
Watklns, James
Weathered. W L
Western Art Co
Wheeler, J A
Whipple. W W
White. P O
White Bros, jewelers
Wilcox, P E
Wilcox. B W
Wilcox, Jno
Hartley, will
Hays, C E
Heseler, Peter
Hendricks. Mlrt
Hlgley. Chas
Hohensteln, August
Hoffmler, I B
Hudson, H D
Hughes, Geo R
India Packing Co
James, Sidney
Junger, J O L
Jacobs, J A
Jacobs. W T
Jackson, John 7
Jessup. Dr.T C
Jenney, Dr W P
Jordan, J E
Johnson, Frank E
Johnson. I L
Jones, J B
PACKAGES.
Conger, MlsS Maggto Hicks, Wm & Son
A. B r-noABMAN, P. M.
German-Americans Asralnst Bryan.
Chicago Tribune.
German-American Democrats of Bur
lington, la., are the first of their clasi to
express their opinion of the platform
and nominations at Kansas City. They
are bankers, manufacturers, brewers,
merchants, and business men of various
kinds. They are solidly opposed to free
sliver at the ratio of 16 to L and will
not vote for any man or any party that
favors such a scheme. They are in open
revolt. As the German-American Demo
crats of Burlington go, so will German
Americans of both parties go all over the
country. The bogy of "militarism." docs
not -scare them. They know that their
llberitles are not endangered and that
the "paramount Issue" is simply a- Pop
ocratlc subterfuge to cover up the Issue
of dishonest money Germany today has
1H5 soldiers to every 1000 people, France
has 1. Great Britain Ave and one-half,
Austria-Hungary and Russia over six
each, Turkey and Italy over seven each.
The United States has .S3 bf a soldier
por lOpd population. If it had even a
standing army of 105,000 its proportion
even than would .only be about one and
i on-quarter for every 1000 people. The
German-Americans know wen enough
Downing, Hopkins & Co,
Chicago Board of Trade
New York 'Stock Exchange
Room 4, Ground Flctor ,
BOTH TELEF.HONES
CAPE
S'SDESTCH
Sails on Her Second Trip
" w y
r
Thisf-Ts'lthe tonly exclusive, livestock- steamer . In the
Nome-trade. -Bookings now being made;.
TOR KJLTCS ATTD XJTFORJIATTON APPLY T9
CALIFOIM & OREGON COAST S CO.
K.P,.lAClHtARTWBM, Aflent, 263 Washtnatos SL '
XV. A. Mitchell Jk Co., General Asrents. San Francisco.
Pacific Goast
FQR
NOME direct
9SaaL
.T1IB WEW IAIiATIAI STEEL STEAMSHIP "SENATOR
WW Mil fra Seattle and Ticssn on or afeoat Aogast 6,-ecd Scptunter (L
. The "Senator" has a capacity of 2300 tons. Her second cabin and steerago
&ccomtn6dations are superior to the first-class accommodations of most of the
steamers advertised for Nome. . v
The Pacific "Coast Steamship Company has been running1 Its steamers to Alas
ka Winter and -Summer for 25 years, and is the pioneer Pacific Coast line. Seatr
tie .freight and passenger rates apply from Portland. For further information
inquire of GOODALT.: PERKINS & CO., General Agents. 10 Market, San Fran
cisco, or N. POSTON,1 Agent, 25 Washington st-. Portland, Or. ' ,
that "militarism" Is simply humbug of
the cheapest kind. That "issue" Trill
not blind them nor any other reasonable
person to the real Issue In the Kansas
City platform, which is the only one
that Bryan, .demanded should be in
serted on tho penalty of leaving the
party -without his candidacy. A3 this
becomes moro apparent more bolters may
bo expected.
MAMMOTH REMAINS.
Reported Finding: of a. ITaaro Skull
in. San. Sfdteo County, California.
San Francisco Chronicle
The evidences of .Ufa belonging to tho
Preglacial Age are rare in California; still
a spoclmen has been discovered, .near "tha
coast in San Mateo County, if the state
ment contained in a Halfmoon Bay dis
patch may be relied upon. A-well-preserved
skull of tho mammoth Is said to
have been recently taken out of the bed
of Pllarcltos Creek by soma boys who
were employed fix hauling: sand at a point
about a mile east of Halfmoon Bay. Tfio
skull Is reported to Tie about five feet in
length, and portions of the tusks a foot
.long aro attached tb It and are six inches
in diameter at the junction with the bone.
These extend into the cerebral cavity.
Bones of tho mammoth were also found in
tho neighborhood some years ago.
Tho discovery of these remains Is no
proof, that the mammoth over wandered
at large during life in these parts. The
ovldences are, of course. Indisputable that
great herds of these preglacial beasts pas
tured in the Valley of the Yukon and on
tho shores of Siberia and the Bearing; Sea.
During some violent convulsion of Nature
these animals were overwhelmed by
4great ice sheets, which enveloped tho far
rorth, and many of their carcasses have
been preserved therein up to the present
time, hides, hair, flesh, bones and tusks
being found In perfect condition. Mines
of mammoth Ivory were profitably worked
In Alaska long before the territory became.
a field for the search of gold. These
mammoth remains bavo been discovered
In tho placers of tho 'Klondike and at
other points In tho frozen banks of the
Yukon and Its tributaries. There would
be nothing improbable in tho assumption
that7 the mammoth remains now1 un
earthed on pllarcltos Creek near tho
shores' of Halfmoon Bay had Teen de
posited at the point where found by a
stranded ice- floe brought down from the
far North at some remote- period by tho
ocean current which sweeps down tho
Western Coast of. the continent. "
The only evidences-oft the mammoth life
which once lnh&bitedv-the. earth found
anywhere in the vlolnltjt were tho. foot-
prints of the mammoth, sloth which, wero
Uncovered in the Carson XNevada),sand
stone quarries.. "Wyoming is tho. most fer
tile field on this continent, outside of
Alaska, for the fossil remains of the gi
gantic animals which existed here in past
geological ages. The University of Wyo
ming has secured from the sandstones of
that state the largest and most perfect
and complete collection of these fossils in
existence.
If any of these gigantic animals ever
had their habitat In California, tho
changes which, ice and flood and other
agencies have since produced have swept
away all traces of .them. The- Calaveras I
skull of -prehistoric man which Bret Harte
immortalized In verso belongs to tho
world of fiction, not of fact Evert though
wo are short on fossil remains, it might
ilot require much straining of the Imag
ination to assume that the diminutive
horned toad of tho Southern counties Is
the degenerate descendant of tho horned
dinosaur, which ranged from 12 to 15 feet
In length and whose fossil remains have
been excavated from the plains of Lara
mie, or that the nimble lizard found ev
erywhere in tho state is tho direct de
scendant of tho gigantic saurlans of the
Reptilian Age.
A Great American Tenor.
Chicago Tribune.
Charles R. Adams, In his prime the most
accomplished ''and successful of American
operatic tenors, died at Harwich. Mass.,
on the Fourth of July In the 66th year
of his age. Mr. Adams was born lrt
Charlestown, Mass. His first vocal les
sons wero taken in Boston, and for a few
years during his youthful career he was a
favorite cholc and concert singer and so
loist for the Handel and Haj'den Society.
About the close of the Civil War he went
to Europe, where his success was imme
diate. He became one of. the principal
tenors of the grand opera, at Vienna, a
position he held for nine years. He alBO
had engagements for three years In the
German opera at Pesth and for three
years at the Imperial Opera-house in Ber
lin, and sang two seasons at Covent Gar
den and. one season at Seals, Milan. His
most remarkable performances were in
MANHOOD RfcaTOREDSJ'SSSS:
blaVltaUzcr.thopreccriptlonofalitnousFrenchPhysIan.wlll quickly cure you ofall
nervous or dlsaoesuf tne coratlre organs, such aa Loit 51nuiiood, Insomnia,
. ju uu Ducii, ucaiinai lsuimioos. .tervoot jjcuiiiit-, rimpie
Una te; to Jtfnrry, RxhaantlU'? Drains, Varicocele a-d Constlpntlon.
Itttopsall Inescnbydayoriilgiit. Prpvftnts quickness of dtacharro. vrhlch If not checked
leads W Spcraiaiorrhcoa and all tho horrors of ifnnotency. :UiIiENK cleanws the
anu restores small vrak organs.
rrI?SnS!SaiBflr?r8F'notc,lraby Doctors IsbeennsoCipereentars troubled with JProafatltSs.
CUPIDENK the only knoitn remedy ttfenre without nrt operation. 8X0 testimonials. A written
oaranteo riven and moiiry rttcru6hoxMdAesnotcu"wt a permanent core. 4UX)ftbocx,OforW0O,
mall. Bend fornirie circular and let!monlins.
' Iddf esa DA VOX, XILDICINE CO.. P. 0Box 3375. Saa Frandsco. Cat. ., ,.
-. JW sale-far Aldricb "Pharmacy, -Sixth ad Was hltgton streets; Portland: Orw """
BROKERS .
Chamber of Commerce
NOME
on or About July 20, 1900
Steamship Co.
tho title roles of "Lohengrin" and "Tann
hauser." In which he reached a standard
of artistic excellence which has rarely
beeri equaled on the "operatic stage. Ho
returned to America in 1S77, and was
heard In German and Italian opera in the
principal cities of this country, Chicago
among them. For the last 3) years he has
been teaching in Boston. Mr. Adam3 was
& robust tenor of large compass, with a-
-eweet and well-controlled voice, and sang
in a magnetic and inspiring style. H
was unquestionably the greatest tenor
this country has yet produced.
a ' -
Ep&lneerlnjr Development of China.
William Barclay Parsons In Tho Engineering
Magazine.
In solid stationary structures the. China
man can supply his own needs unaided;
,but tho field for producing thoso aggre
gations of engineering and mechanical
skill based on the theory or application
of movement, especially of economical
movement, lies unbroken, and the soil is
rich. The idea of economy in movement
is absolutely lacking In tho Chinese a
singular circumstance, as there is no oth
er nationality so strongly economical,
even to the point of parsimony, as the
Chinese. This trait Is shown in his dwell
ings, In hrs clothes, and In all his de
tails of Jiving, except in those where
movement Is the main theme. The de
velopment that Is to come will be, there
fore, along this Jlne, and will show Itself
primarily in meinoas oi moving peopie
and goods namely, In means of trans
portation; secondly in the methods of
moving the great untouched mineral
woalth from its existing subterranean
hiding places to tho surface, that is. In
mining; and, thirdly, in all matters of
construction whoso parts -are moving-1
namely, machines.
If, therefore, I were asked to enumer
ate the relative importance of engineer
ing development, I should reply means
of transportation; hydraulic machineryr
mining; and then, thoso machines which
can compete against a very Jow-priced
manual labor, and which can. if poslble,
enter a field of work not now undertaken,
such as electric lighting.
Found In an Ancient Tomb.
Cincinnati Enquirer.
The oldest obelisk in the world is that
found by Liepsius, in 1S43, in a tomb near
the pyramids of Ghizeh, and now pre
served In the Royal Museum at Berlin.
Besides being the oldest. It is the small
est of existing obelisks, being only 2 feet
Vfe inches high. It has been alassed among
the monuments of tho IV-V Dynasties,
about 4000 B. C, ana lis rorm. is mat or.
the earliest representations of an obelisk
4 on Soarabel.
MEN
,No Cure.
No Pay
THE MODERN APPLIANCE A positive
way to perfect manhood. Tho VACUUM
TREATMENT CURES you without medicine ox
all nervous or diseases of the generative or
gans, such as lost manhood, exhaustive drains,
varicocele, impotency. etc Men are quickly re2
stored to perfect health and strength. Writs
for circulars. Correspondence ccnfldentUL
THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO., rooms 47-JJ
Bate Deposit building. Seattle. Wash.
Biz Out non.Toionfttt
remedy for Gonorrhoea,
Gleet, Spermatorrhea,
Wcitei, unnatural dlr
charzee. or any Innssima-
i Meusta. tloa of anoesi. mint
ImEnxsttaUltQALOO. brsnes. Non-aitrlnjent.
kCttOUXiTl.O.L" jl ! &r BruBcIsts,
or Mot in nlsln wrsTHMr.
by exprent, prepaid, fox
rf U ' . " 3 bottles, 83.75.
y CircnUr aent.oa wquart.
TRAVELERS GUIDE.
The Fnv0rltc Trans-Pacific Passenger
'Steamer
"TACOMA"
Will Sail From Tacoma' on or About
JULY 20th, for
CAPE NOME
Rates First class, $73; Intermediate, $50;
steerage. $23.
Tor passenger and freliat reservations ap
ply tO UVUWHLLi & WUUPAItX, L.tO.,
TCI
elephon4 Main 9d.
252 Oak st.
WHITE COLLAR LINE
BAILET OATZERT (Alder-street Doci)
Leaves Portland dally every morning at 7
o dock, except Sunday. Returning, leaves As
torla every night at 7 o'clock, except Sunday.
Oregon phono Main 351. Columbia phone 3ol.
TRAVELERS GUILE.
Union. Depot, Sixth and J Streets,
THREE TRAINS DAILY
FOR ALL. POINTS. EAST
"CHlCAfcEOVPORTliAia) ' SPECIAL."
Leaves, tor the East, via Huntlncton, at 9:13
A, M.: arrives. 4 P. M. ,
hPOKANK FLYER,
For Spokane. Eastern Washington, and Great
Northern points, leaves at 6 P. M.: arrives at
T.A. 1&.
x ATLANTIC EXPRESS,
Leaves for the East, via Huntlncton, at 0
P. M.; arrives at &AQ A. M.
-THROUGH PULLMAN AND TOUBJSt
, SLEEPERS.
Water lines schedule, subject to chanro with
out notice:
OCEAN AND RIVER SCHEDULE.
OCEAN DIVISION Steamships sail from
Ains-Rorth Dock at 8 P. "M. Lave Portland
Columbia, Sunday, July 1. Wednesday, July
11, Saturday, July 21: Tuesday. July 31: Fri
day, Alls. 10. State of California, Friday,
July B; Monday. July 10; Thursday. July 20:
Sunday, Aug. 5.'
From San Francisco Leaving Spear-Street
Pier No. 24. San Francisco, at 11 A. M.. as
follows: Stat of California. Monday, July 2;
Tnursday, July 12; Sunday, July :; weanes--fiay.
Aug. 1; Saturday, Aug. 1L Columbia,
tsaiuroay, July 7;. Tuesday, Juiy i; nuaj,
July 27: Monday, Auc C.
COLUMBIA RIVER DIVISION.
PORTLAND AND ASTORIA.
Steamer Hassalo leave Portland dally, etctp;
Sunday, at 8t00 P. M.: en Saturday at 10:00 P.
M. Returning-, leaves Astoria dally, except sua.
day. at 7:00 A. M.
Steamer T. J. Potter leaves Portland Tues
days and Thursdays at 0 A. M-: Saturdays, 1
P. M., for Astoria and Long Beach. Leaves
llwaco Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays from
5 to S P. M . according to tide.
WILLAMETTE RIVER DIVISION.
PORTLAND AND SALEM. OR.
Steamer Ruth, for Salem and -way points,
leaves Portland Mondays. Wednesdays and Fri
days at 0.00 A. M Keturnlns. leaves Salem
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Baturdays at eaW
A. M,
YAMHILL RIVER ROUTE.
PORTLAN-D AND DATTON, OB.
Steamer Elmers, for Dayton and wy points,
leaves Portland Tuesdays. Thursdays and. Sat
urday at 7 X, M. Returning, leaves Daytoa for
rortland and -way points Mondays. Wednesday
and, Ifrldays -at 6 A. M.
SNAKE RIVER ROUTE.
RrPARTA, WASH., AND LEW1STON, IDAHO
filMintr EDdkun, or utMmff LTclton leaves
Rlparia dally at 3:38 A. M., arrivins at Lewis
ton at 3 P. M. Returning, the Spokane or
Lewiston leaves Lerctston dally at 0 A. M.,
arriving at Rlparia same evening.
W. H- HURLBURT,
General Passenger Agent.
V. A. SCHRiLrNO. City Ticket Agent.
Telophone Main T12. 0 Third street, cor. OaS.
KcwStcamsMpLtaetothcOriciit
CHINA AND JAPAN, FROM PORTLAND.
In connectloo with. THE OREGON RAILROAD
& NAVIGATION CO. Schedule. ISOO (subject to
change):
Steamer. Due to Leave Portland.
"MONMOUTHSHniE" - Juno 21
BRAEMAR" July 13
"ARGYLL" Aug. 5
For ratei. acoammodat!oru. etc.. apply to
DODWELL 4 COMPANT, Limited,
General Aeents. Portland. OrC
To principal points In Japan and China.
. POSSIBLY
YOU ARE NOT AWARE OF
THE FAST. TIME
AND
SUPERB SERVrCE
Now offered by the
nifTnv
WE HAVE
DAILY FAST TRAINS
TO THE EAST
If you cannot take the morning train,
travel via the evening train. Both arq
finely equipped.
"Our Specialties"
L Fast Time Through Service
PULLMAN PALACE SLEEPERS,
PULLMAN TOURIST SLEEPERS,
PULLMAN DINERS.
LD3RART (CAFE) CAR AND FREE
RECLINING CHAIR CARS.
Hours in Time Saved to
Oraaba, Chicago, Konias City,
St. Lonls, New York, Boston,
And Otlier Eastern Point.
Tickets good via. Salt Lako City and
Denver.
It Is to your Interest to use THE OVER
LAND ROUTE. Tickets and sleeping-car
berths can be secured from
GEO. LANG,
City Pass, and Ticket Agent
J. H. LOTHROP, General Agent
13a.Thlrd St. .Portland, Or.
, . i
AW IDEAL
HOLIDAY TRIP
Have you thought 6f tho Steamer Trip
across the "GREAT IaA.KES"7 It com
bines the attractive features and beneUts,
of an ocean trip without the attendant
discomforts.
.Furthermore, It is less expensive than
traveling by rail.
The "Imperial Limited," with first-class
sleepers from Vancouver, and Tourist
Sleepers from Seattle every Tuesday,
Thursday and Saturday, connects with
one of the MAGNIFICENT STEAMERS
of the C. P Ry. at Fort WrIIllam.
If you arc going East we would be glad
to give you some facts and information
regarding this trip.
H. H. ABEOTT, Agat.
E. J. COTLE. ua Third St., Portland.
A. O. P. A.. Vancouver. B. C
Pacific Coast Steamship Co,
FOR ALASKA.
THE COMPANY'S elegant
steamers Queen. Cottage city.
City of Topeka and Al - Kl
leave TACOMA, 11 A. M.. SE
ATTLE a P. il . July 1. 4.
0, 14, 1C, 10, 24. 20. 31; Aug
3. 8. 13. 15. 18. 23. 23. Sept.
2, and every fifth day there
after. For further informa
tion obtain company's folder.
The company reserves the right to chance
steamers, sailing dates and hours of sailing,
without previous notice.
AOKNTS N. POSTON. 240 "Washington st..
Portland. Or.; F. 1A . CARLETON. N. P. R. K.
Dock. Tacoma: H. H LLOYD. Puget Sound
bupt.; C W. MILLER, Asst. Puget Sound
Supt., Ocean Dock. Seattle.
GOOU ALL. PERKINS & CO.. Gen. Agts . S. F.
Empire Line
for Cape' Nome
And Yukon River Points
S.S. "OHIO," 3500 Tons
Sails from Senilis
on or about July 12
Reservations can nowr be mode upon applica
tion to any railroad or sub-agent of the Inter
national Navigation Company, or to ' "
Eairiitn THAHSPOHTATION CO..
SEATTLE, WASH.
y ... 4rJ
TRAVELERS GUIDE.
EAST m
SOUTH
Leave
Depot flltS anil Streets
Arrlvo
OVERLAND EX
PRESS TRAINS
for Salem. Rosa
burg, Ashland. Sac-,
ramesto. O g d e n.
Saa Francisco, Mo
jave. Los Angeles.
El Paso, Nerr Or
leans and the East
At Woodbura
(dally except Sun
day), morning train
connects xtitn train
for Mt Angel, Sll
verton, Browns
ville. - Springfield,
and Natron, and
evening train for
Mt. Angel and SU
verlon. Albany passenger
Cqrvallls passenger
Sheridan passenger
S-30 P. M.
7i45 A.M.
8.30 A. M.
8:30 P. M.
00 P. M.
7:30A.M.
14 fcO P. M.
10-J0AJ.
33-30 PX.
18:23 A.M.
fDally. jDaily except Sunday.
Rebate tickets on sale between Portland, Sac
ramento and San Francisco. Net rate 117 first
class and $11 second claa-, including sleeper.
Rates and ticket to Eastern point and Eu
rope. Also JAPAN, CHINA, HONOLULU and
AUSTRALIA. Can he obtained from. J. B.
K2RKLAND. Ticket Agent, 140 Third si.
TAMHILL DIVISION. -Passenger
Depot, foot of JesCerson Street.
Leave for Oswego daily at 7:20, 6:40 A. '34.1
12:30. 1:35. 3.25. 4:40. 6:23. 8 o0. 11:80 P. M.J
and 000 A. M. on Sunday oniy. Arrive ai
Portland dally at a.33, a.30. 'lOO A. M.:
1:33. 3:10, 4 .JO, 0:13. 7.4C. 10.00 P. M.; 02.44
A. M. dally, except Monday. S.3& and 10.08 A.
M. oc Sundays only.
Leav for Dallas dally, except Sunday, at
& 05 P. M. Arrtte at Portland at 9. 80 A. IS.
Passengt-r train leave Dallas for AJrlla Mob
day. Wednesdays and Fridays at 2:43 P. 'M.
Returns Tuesdays. Thursday and Saturdays
-except bunoay.
1
R. KOEHLER. C. H. MARKHAM.
Manager.. Gen. FrU & Pass. Alt.
DOUBLE DAILY TRAIN SERVICE.
The Pioneer Dining nnd Observstloi
Cnr Route.
Leave
Union Depot, 6th and J Sis
Arrlvs
No. 2
2 P.M.
N6rth Coast Limited.
For Taconia. Seattle.
No. 1
7 A.M.
Isortn Taklma. opo-
Kane. funman. Moe-
oow. Lcwjston, ltosJ
i.i rt r nit...
Helena. St. Paul. Min
neapolis, Chicago. Bos
ton, .now i on; ana an
pctnis East and ssutu
east. No. 4
ll:3u P. M.
Twin City Express, for
NoiS
8 P.M.
Tncotna, Seattle, Spo
kane. Helens, Butte,
St. Paul. Chicago. Bos
ton, Now lork. Omaha,
Kansas Clt) . Council
Bluffs. St. Louis, and
all. points east and
southeast.
Through train sen. Ice -via Northern PaclDo
and Burlington line rrom Portland to Omaha,
Kansas City. St Eouls. Quick tlmo and un
equaled accommodations.
Take North C6ast Limited Train No. i for
South Bend. Olympla and Orav's ftaroo?
points.
ee tho North Coast Limited Elegant Up
holstered Tourin Sleplns Cars, Pullmin
Standard Sleepors Dintni; Car and Observa
tion Car. all electric lighted Solid vestlbuled
trilns
Ticket t sold to all point In the United
States and Canada, and baggage checked to
destlnatlcn of tlckts.
For Information, tickets, slecplns-car reser
vations, etc . calj on or wrlto
A. D. CHARLTON
Asxlstunt General Puiienjre.r" Agent,
2u5 Morrlion St.. Cor. Third.
Portland, Oresron.
coieiioao90eiDo09t
9
Without changes
or delays
The St. Louis Special Is not
only tho fastest train from Bu-
get Sound ta Lincoln, St. Jo
seph, JCansas" City and St.
Loiijs it Is the rnly train
,, -which runs through without
changes or delays of apy
kind.
Leaves Portland 11:20 P. .M.
dally.
Sleeping, tourist and free
reclining chair car3. All meals
served in dining cars.
Glad to sell you a ticket or
reserve a berth for you. , v
Ticket Office,
100 3rd SL, 'cor. Stark, Pcrtfad, Oregaa.
R. TV. FOSTER.
Tlckot Agsnt.
dEO. 3. TATLQR.
City .Pawengtr Agenu , ,
llciet Office. 26S Morrison Strt, 'Phone 6S)
LEVE.
. No. 4
0 00 P. M.
The JTlrr, dally tu and
from St. Paul, lilnn
polit. Duluth. Chlcasv
and point East.
ARRIVE.
No..
7'O0 A. M.
Through Palace and Tourist Sleeven, Dining
end Buffet Smoklng-Llbrary Cars.
JAPAN - AfviERICAN" ."LINE
STEAMSHIP RIOJUN MARU
For , Japan. China and sll Asiatic points will
leave Seattle
About July 18th.
Astoria & Columbia
River Railroad Co.
LEAVES
UNION
D2POT.
rcr Mergers. Rainier.
CUtskanle, TVtpuK.
Clifton. Astoria, wr
ranton. Flavel. Ham
mond. Fort Stertn.
Garnart Park. Sea d
JUtorla and beasho?
Express.
Dally.
Astoria Kxprcfta
Dally.
Seashore Express."
- Saturday imly.
ARRIVES
ONION
DSIH3T.
800 A. M.
M!l0A. It
0:40 P. i.
o.yp. M.
G.53P. M.
2'30 P. M
Except Saturday. ,
Ticket office. 223 Morrison at. and UrUon depot.
i. C MAYO: Ga. Pass. Agt.-Asfcrfa, C&
i-7 sunset -m
O OaXM&SNASTA -it
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