TBTR MOKNIXG OREGONIA2J, FRIDAY, JUNE 8, 1900.
CAMPAIGNING IN LUZON
CAPTAUT PERCY WttLIg DE
SCRIBES SOLDIER LIFE.
Oatraseeas Barbarity of Insarsent
easterns of the Natives TiOTT
Wase Paid Filipinos.
DIBMANAN, P. I., April 23. 1900. (Spe
cial correspondence.) Not long: since I
took a trip down to the Bicol Elver, pass
ing along: the old Spanish road from Dlb
manan to Neuva Cacues. The road is in
very bad condition. It evidently has not
been "worked any for several years. Most
of the bridges are Impassable for mule
teams and need repairing badly. One of
the first things that will have to be done
after the country is pacified Is to put the
roads and highways In -decent condition.
Arriving at the BJcol River I found thou
sands of ducks along the marshy bank
and in the adjacent sloughs. They ace of
large size, and from the whistling of their
wings I took them to be pintails. I
couldn't say for sure, because we have
not killed or captured any of them yet.
They come in here during high tide and
go away when the tide goes out. They
are quit tame and they evidently have
not been shot at much. '
InurgeBt Barbarity.
On the 4th of April one of my native
police sergeants who was temporarily off
duty, took a trip a few miles into the
country to buy some rice. He met some
Insurgents and was killed, although he
first put -up a game fight, seizing ono of
the Insurgent's guns and attempting to
wrest it away from .him. The sergeant
had no arms but a bolo. They shot him
through the body and disemboweled him
with a "bolo. As soon as I got the news
I went out there with a detail of soldiers
and -"brought his body In. The next day
we gave him a decent burial, a squad of
soldiers following his remains -to the cem
etery near town. He was a gallant little
man, the best one I had on the force.
On the 7th another one of the police, who
was living about three-quarters of a mile
from town, was kidnaped during the
night and carried off by Insurgents. I
didn't know he was living outside our
lines or I would not have permitted it.
You can't get a policeman to leave town
now unless he accompanies our soldiers
on one of their scouting trips. "We are
out after these bands of Insurgents every
few days, first In one direction and then
in another. Sometimes we find them and
kill one or two, but they generally get
away. They always run when they see
us coming, and as thoy are barefoot and
carry very light loads a footrace with
them is out of the question.
Mangled a "Woman.
Not long since a woman came into
headquarters early in the morning, cov
ered with blood from two deep bolo cuts,
one in the neck and one in the breast. In
this condition she had walked all the way
from Cabusao, about six miles. She said
the Insurgents had come to her house
a'bout midnight, inflicted the wounds upon
her and carried off 'her husband, who they
i suspected of friendship for the Americans.
I directed the hospital steward to take
care of the woman, and she now seems
on a fair road to recovery. Taking 25 men
I set out for Cabusao. Upon our ap
proach the insurgents fled across the
Bicol River and we didn't get a shot at
them. So ibadly terrified were the people
that I could And out nothing at all about
the wounding of the woman the night be
fore. Neither would they give the slight
est information about the insurgents. I
presume they had been warned not to tell
us anything or they would get their
throats cut. These Insurgents or ladrones
are savage In their character. Only a
few mornings since an old man came la
and reported that they had visited his
-house the night before and carried off his
three sons. They had cut off parts of the
old man's ears and they were still bleed
ing. He was very stoical about It and
acted as though It was all that could be
expected. They seize men In this way
and compel them to be lnsurrectos whothec
they will or no.
Easter.
They celebrate Easter here in great
style. They have three days In which
none but necessary work Is done and
three days of cock fighting, Including
Easter Sunday. It la a great holiday.
Everybody takes a rest and they all seem
to enjoy themselves. One of the lead
ing families gave a party Easter night
whiph Lieutenant Edwards and I had the
honor of attending. They had good
music, dancing and a supper wh.ch,
though not elaborate, was quite substan
tial. They are excellent dancers and
seem to know most of the late dances.
They dance the waltz, polka, schottische
and two-step the same as we do at home,
but their quadrilles are different from
ours and we got lost in the mazes of
them. Both men and women drees well
and they are quite polite and agreeable.
One of the young men wag a skillful
player on the piano, having learned in
Manila, and some of the young ladles
sang very well. There are two pianos in
the town, "both made In Europe. One of
them Is a very good piano, campara
tvely new.
Insnrrents Active.
Insurgents are very active (beyond Nueva
Caceres. They cut all the telegraph wires
except the one to L&manan. In places
they would cut down the poles and drag
a half mile or more of wire into the brush
a great ' distance. ;)Patrols had to be es
tablished all along the lines of wire to
guard them. These patrols have almost
dally skirmishes with the enemy. Once
a strong force of insurgents was located
near Mlnalabal and troops were sent out
from Nueva Caceres who engaged them In
a aprited contest, killing over 60 of them.
An American patrol from Pasacao was
fired upon and two soldiers wounded. A
native, pretending to be friendly and de
siring to jcll eggs, cut off the. head of
an American soldier on an outpost with a
holo and got away. This was on the out-
clrts of Nueva Caceres. Troops were
nt out and rounded up a number of In-
rrgents, one of whom Is identified as the
-mlty one. He is now in prison in Irons.
. Colonel Darst Is at Irlga with headquar
ters of the Forty-fifth Infantry and is
kept very busy looking after the Insur
gents in that section.
American "Women at Xenva Caceres.
Mrs. Bell, wife of Brigadier-General
Bell, commander of the district of south
eastern Luzon; Mrs. Captain Patrick and
Lieutenant Tynor'e mother and sister are
at Nueva Caoeres. They are the first
American women In this section. Their
advent will no doubt be followed by that
of many other women as soon as the con
dition of the country is more settled.
Boats from Manila do not come very
often. As a result wo get mail only once
or twice a month, I understand the fare
from Manila to Nueva Caceres Is $50
Mexican. One enterprising native has al
ready been to Manila and purchased a
fair-sized stock of goods for the Libmanan
trade. His goods were transported from
Nueva Caceres to this point In canoes
at considerable risk of capture from wan
dering bands of Insurgents. His stock la
a. mixed one. consisting of dry goods, no
tions, cigars, tobacco and beer, and he
as it all In the same room in his little
tore.
Higrh Prices.
Most of the dry goods are very dear. I
priced some cotton goods which are worth
10 and 12& cents a yard in the United
States. They sell H for 11 Mexican a
yard here. Of course, competition will
"bring the prices down, as dry goods are
quite reasonable In Manila. Beer Is 23
cents American a pint, and It Is Milwaukee
been The Chinese are the great store
keepers here. There are already several
Chinese stores, notwithstanding that
the Insurgents are said to have killed all
the 'Chinese here just before the JUnerl.
cans arrived. There is considerable pre
judice against the Chinese for the same
reason that heils disliked at home- That
Is because he does not spend his money
here, hut sents it away to unina. i. un
derstand General Otis has already regu
lated Chinese immigration to these Islands
and that they will not be permitted ta
overrun them as they might possibly do If
no restrictions were placed upon them.
PERCT WILLIS,
Captain Forty-flfth Infantry, U. S. V.
2CATIVE POLICEMKX.
They Are Useful to Treepi la Lusa
Gambling ICatlves.
LIBMANAN, P. L, April 1. 1900. In one
of my letters I gave some figures in re
gard to the cocoanut business which were
erroneous. Cocoanuts can be purchased
here at from 70 to 80 cents a hundred,
and sold, in Manila at various prices, rang
ing from $3 to 96 a hundred, Mexican
money. So there is a good profit in the
business. I took the pains to Inquire of
leading men here in regard to the busi
ness. Little or nothing is being done with
cocoanuts now on account of the war,
Native Policemen Appointed.
On March 17 I appointed, by authority
of Brigadier-General Bell. 10 native po
licemen for this town. There axe two
sergeants and eight privates. They were
duly sworn in. promising fidelity to the
American flag and existing laws in the
Philippines and obedience to the orders
of the American officials and the local
president appointed over them. They have
no arms except bolos or knives. Hence
they are available only as local con
stabulary to keep order amongst the na
tives, arrest them if necessary, and carry
out the orders of the local president. I
put them on duty as night patrols with
our new men, a soldier and a native pa
trolling together. It works very welL
Knowing the language and customs of the
people, the native will understand many
things which are Incomprehensible to the
American. My men have fitted them out
with old shoes and leggings, which they
are quite proud to wear. They are watch
ful and faithful, and do better than I
thought they would. The pay they re
ceive from- the city government will seem
ridiculously small to us, but they seem
to be entirely satisfied with It. The ser
geants are paid $12 and the privates $10
a month in Mexican money. As Mexican
money Is worth only 43 cents on the dol
lar now, their pay will amount to $5 16
for the Sergeants, and $4 30 for the privates
per month in American money. Out of this
they feed and clothe themselves and fam
ilies. Small "Waarea.
This, however, is better pay than the
farm laborer gets. The common laborer
in the rice fields receives on an average
2 pesos a month for his labor. The wom
en and girls employed as house servants
receive from peso to 2 pesos a month.
An old woman whose dally duty Is to pol
ish and clean the hardwood floor In the
house in which I am living receives
a peso a month, or about 22 cents Ameri
can money. Of course, they get their
chow-chow or food in addition, and n
certain allowance of clothing. They have
a curious habit of getting In debt to
their employers. If they need a little
money they go to the landowner, their
employer, and borrow It. They are con
sidered as bound to the employer then
until the debt Is paid. They don't, as a
rule, get into their debt more than 5100.
This debt Is the yoke that binds. The
landowners say they couldn't make the
laborers work If It wasn't for .this debt
system. Thoy say that If they paid them
their regular wages there would be little
work done, because when the men get a
few dollars ahead they consider them
selves rich and take a lay-off, and refuse
to work again until the money Is all
spent.
Beat Their Servants.
Another custom which they have here
is very bad. This Is th custom of beat
ing their servants when they do some
thing which Is not satisfactory. I told
some of the wealthy people here that if
a man or a woman undertook to beat one
of their servants In the United States
they" would have a first-class fight on
their hands. They were surprised, and
said it was the custom here. Indeed It
must be, for the servants all take it; as
a matter of course, and never think of
resisting I never saw any cases of se
vere chastisement, but cases of light pun
ishment are frequent.
A Contented People.
The people are, as a rule, content with
their lot Nearly all of them own thet
own houses and the land on which they
are built. Both are very cheap here. A
good lot can be had for $00 and a comfort
able house built of bamboo with nlpa root
for $50 more. The houses of the better
class cost more, ranging from 5500 to $3003
and 54000. Mexican money.
On the 21st of March I had the pleasure
of a visit from Mr. Adamson. artist for
Leslie's Weekly. He made a sketch of
the battlefield while hre. Adamson has
been with General Bates and staff for some
time, and accompanied him to Mindanao.
Plan to Barn the Town.
On March 24 we received information
that the Insurgents were planning to burn
the town, and accordingly Increased the
vigilance of the guards and patrols.
On the night of the 25th. a half-dozen
shots were fired In quick succession Jusi
across the river. The company turned out
at once, ready for the expected attack,
but it did not come. I sent a patrol across
the next morning to see what the trouble
was. We found that about 30 Insurgents
had been there and robbed several houses,
shooting one man In three places and
wounding three others with bolos. The
man who was shot was in a very bad con.
dltlon and I sent him to Nueva Caceres
for treatment In the hospital, but he died
on the way.
Xatlves Are Gamblers.
The natives are great gamblers, and if
permitted to do -so, would spend much of
their time that way. General Bell has for
bidden all forms of gambling except cock
fighting, and that we allow on Sundays
and least days. This will undoubtedly
shock some of our home people, who be
lieve In the strict observance of the Sab
bath. At the same time it must be remem
bered that this Is the custom In this coun
try, and that It Is all right to these people.
We can't shut down on everything all at
once. If we did, we would never manage
to get along with these people. The cock
fights begin at 9 or 10 o'clock In the morn
ing and continue until 5 In the afternoon.
They sometimes have SO or 40 combats In
one day. One or both roosters Is killed
In every combat. Much betting is carried
on and the city get a percentage of the
bets. It is a degrading custom, but has
been prevalent here a great many years,
and will take time and: education to wipe
It out.
The police arrested a number of gam
blers at cards during the month and the
city derived a considerable revenue from
their fines. During the time the insurgents
held sway they were permitted to gamble
all they wanted to and the gambling
places were open day and night.
Grafting? Insurgents.
The Insurgent leaders are great graft
ers. They compelled everybody to sub
scribe to the Filipino cause as much as
they thought they could get out of them.
They got $3000 out of Senor Reyes, our
local president of this town. What they
did with all the money nobody seems to
know, but It is pretty safe to say that
some of the leading officials have grown
rich at the business.
Today wo received our baggage for of
ficers and men- It has been stored In Ma
nila ever since last December, and the
fact that It Is brought down gives reason
to believe thafwe will be here for some
time to come. We also got a big mail,
and everybody is happy with their letters
from friends and loved ones at home
across the sea. PERCT WILLIS.
Captain 45th Infantry, U. S. A.
The Largest Brevrlng' Plant
In the world produces the celebrated tonle
MALT-NUTRINE, that boon for invalids
and convalescents. Made only by the Anheuser-Busch
Brewing Assn. which fact
guarantees its merit. Bold by all druggists.
NEARLY HALF A MILLION
WEXDTTR'S RICH CARGO "WAS EX-
TERED YESTERDAY.
Jfearly 900,006 is Datles-&rcns-
lalaal Collision May Caaae Iltl
sratlea Marine Kates.
The most valuable cargo that was ever
entered at this port for local distribution
was that of the British ship Wendur, from
Calcutta. The ship entered at th.- Cus-tom-House
several days ago, but not until
yesterday did the consignees cart their
treasure up to the Custom-House and
enter the ship. The vessel carried 6,498.000
bags, and at the present wholesale price
their value is $414,270.
The Wendur also brought 274 bales of
hop cloth, 750 bales of jute, and 125 bales
of burlap, which swelled the total valuo
GOLDEN WEDDING JUBILEE.
Mr. and Mrs. Christian Petersen Celebrate the Fiftieth Anniversary of Their Marriage.
A golden wcddjng jubilee toook place at 916 Garfield avenue, on Saturday, In which Peter Christian Petersen, aged
IX. and Christine Charlotte, his wife, aged 80 a remarkably well-preserved couple were the principals. The best yeara
of Mr. Petersen's early manhood were spent In the Prussian army, and during the events or 1S4S-9, and later. In the
Danish-Gorman War, he saw much active field sen-Ice. He was twice severely wounded in battle, but recovered each
tlms.
After the suppression of the revolt In 1850, he received a furlough and married, his wedding day being June 2. 1S50.
He had been marrired only one month when. In July of the same year, he was again summoned to Join his regiment, to
serve In the Danish-German War, In which he served until the close of that campaign. In 1S51. They became the par
ents of three children, two of whom. George Petersen and Mrs. Charlotte Schroder, survive.
Tho Jubllco couple have resided In this country about 30 years, during which time thev and their descendants have be
come thoroughly Identified with its Institutions. Both their children and eight grandchildren were present at the golden
wedding, as were aso scores of friends, neighbors and acquaintances, to do honor to tho venerable couple. They were the
recipients of several valuable presents, among them a purse containing a number of pieces of gold coin. The evening was
spent by music, short speeches by several German ministers; also two presentation speeches by two of the grandchildren.
The ceremony of greeting and handshaking over, the guests were treated to several rounds of refreshments. The resi
dence of Mr. George Petersen being entirely too small to contain all the guests, a lawn party, under tho glare of Chinese
lanterns, was organized.
of her cargo to over $450,000. The duty
paid by the consignees yesterday amounted
to 5SS.C00, and as the greater part of It
was paid In coin, over 1000 pounds of
money was taken to the Custom-House In
an express wagon. It has been some time
since the merchants In any of the windy
cities on Puget Sound nave paid $SS,000
duties on a single cargo of merchandise
for local distribution.
MAY 3E LIBELED.
Argms-Iolnnl Collision Expected to
Cause liltlKatlnn.
It Is reported that the British ship
Argus, which sunk the Hawaiian bark
lolanl, off the California coast, about a
month ago, will be libeled by the owners of
the lost bark for the sum of $30,000. The
vessel has her cargo all on board, but as
she has not yet completed her repairs, she
will not be delayed. If the libel Is filed
when she Is Teady for sea, bonds will
probably be given and the vessel proceed,
leaving her case to the tender mercies of
the marine lawyers. As there- Is a pretty
large amount Involved, a stubborn fight
will undoubtedly be made. The lolanl,
with her cargo of sugar? was worth over
$300,000, and even If he? owners succeed
In fastening the blame for the collision on
tho Argus, they will not be able to secure
anything In excess of the value of the lat
ter vessel.
There has been an unusual amount of
legal business supplied by the grain fleet
this season, and the cases were so varied
In their nature as to afford some Interest
ing studies. The East African is still In
the hands of the Marshal over the scrape
she got Into In Honolulu, and the Lizzie
Bell will probably have some experience
of a similar nature before she settles for
the freight damaged on her voyage out
from Europe.
FIRST OF THE FLEET.
Victoria Sealers Leax-inf? for Behrlnjr
Sea.
The first vessel of this season's Behrlng
See, fleet sailed on Sunday, says the Vic
toria Colonist. She was the ' schooner
Ocean Rover, which, owing: to bad luck
off the coast, was forced to return and
abandon her coast cruise. The Ocean
Rover towed Into the Straits, and sailed
down the West Coast, where she will pick
up her Indian crew, and after a short
stay on the coast proceed to the sea. Sho
carried a crew of six whites, and will
take on 24 Indians on the coast. Captain
F. Colo Is In command. The City of San
Diego, which, as stated In Sunday's Colo
nist, wap to have sailed for the Copper
Island today, towed down Into James
Bay yesterday morning, and Is lying there
awaiting a favorable breeze to carry her
out to sea. She will probably sail today.
Captain Blakstad Is in command, and she
has a crew of 24 whites
Lydgrate Finishes Loading;.
The British bark Lydgate finished load
ing yesterday, and will clear today or to
morrow. She will take away one of ths
largest cargoes of the season, nearly 150,
000 bushels. The Plnmore, at Irving dock,
took In about 1000 tons of stiffening yes
terday, and the East African was also tak
ing in wheat. The Wendur, at Columbia,
No. 1, commenced discharging her cargo of
grain bags yesterday.
Marine Jfotes.
The Oriental liner Monmouthshire sailed
from Yokohama for this port last Satur
day, and will reach Portland about the
17th Inst.
The old boilers will be removed from
the steamer McMInnvIHe, and will be re
placed by new ones, now In course of coa
structlon. The steamer Juneau, which has been In
volved In some kind of legal troubles since
her keel was laid. Is now being fitted out
for a trip to Alaska.
The Ocklahama went sown to Rainier
Wednesday evening, and returned early
yesterday morning, with a barge loaded
wit lumber for the steamship Inverness.
The scarcity of ship carpenters in this
city has enabled them to make & success
ful demand on employers for a "nine-hour
day, with the same pay as they have bees
receiving for 19 hours' work.
Domestic and Foireljrn Ports.
ASTORIA. Or., June 7. Sailed Steamer
State of California, for San Francisco.
Condition of tho bar at 5:30, moderate;
weather clear; wind northwest.
Hoqulam, Wash. Arrived June "5.
Steamer Coqullla River, from San Fran
cisco, for Hoqulam. Sailed Schooner
Beulah. from Aberdeen, for San Fran
cisco; schooner Zampa, from Aberdeen,
for Guaymas.
San Francisco, June 7. Arrived Steam
er Washtenaw, from Tacoma; steamer
Umatilla, from "Victoria. Sailed Steamer
Columbia, for Portland; steamer Del
Norte, for Portland; steamer Areata, for
Coos Bay.
New Tork, June 7. Arrived Palatia, front
Hamburg.
Liverpool, June 7. Arrived Ultonla,
from Boston.
Yokohama Sailed June 2. Steamer
Monmouthshire, from Hong Kong, for
Portland.
Queenstown, June 7. sailed Rhlneland,
from Liverpool, for Philadelphia; Teu
tonla. from Liverpool, for New York.
New York, June 7. Sailed La Bretagne,
for Havre: Kaiser Frlederich. for Ham
burg, via Plymouth and Cherbourg; Bovic,
for Liverpool; Barbarossa, for Bremen,
via Southampton.
Boulogne, June 7. Arrived Amsterdam,
from New York, fcr Iioiierdam.
Plymouth, June 7. Arrived Fucrst Bis
marck, from New York, for Cherbourg and
Hamburg.
Liverpool, June 7. Arrived Waesland,
from Philadelphia; Mlcmgan, from Bos
ton. Glasgow, June 7. Arrived State of Nc
braska, from New York.
Cherbourg, June 7. Arrived Fucrst Bis
mark, from Nen York, for Hamburg.
Madeira. June 7. Passed Rome, from
Rotterdam, via Liverpool, for San Fran
clsi. Shimosekl Arrived June 3. Mllos, from
Seattle, for Vladivostock.
Hong Kong, June 6. Arrived previous-'
Goodwin, from Tacoma.
Bremen, June 7. Arrived Rhein, from
Baltimore.
Seattle Sailed June 6. British steamer
Athenian, for Nome.
Port Ludlow Sailed June 6. Barkentlnc
Klickitat, for Honolulu.
Tillamook Sailed Ju.e 6. Steamer W.
H. Kruger. for Eureka.
Seattle Sailed June 6. U. S. S. Lawton,
for St- Michael; steamer Dlrlgo, for Skag
way. Oyster Harbor. June 7. Arrived Ship
Charmer, from Honolulu, to load for St.
Mir had; bark Rufus H. Wood, from Hon
olulu, to load for St. Michael.
Hong Kong Sailed June 6. British
steamer Empress of China, for Vancouver,
DAILY CITY STATISTICS.
Real Estate Trnnsfcrw.
A. McMahon to E. Smith, 49x70. lots
5 and 6, block 131. Caruthers addi
tion; July 22, 1K)8 $10:0
D. M. Smith and wife to Alexander
W. Mitchell, lot 4, block 3, East
Tabor Villa: January It, 1SD7 1
Mary S Mark to Lenore S. Greg
ory, lot 4, block 2. East Tabor Vil
la: also lot 15, block "31, Albina:
also W. hi of lot 7. blo:k 141, Car
uthers addition: December L 1S29.. 200
Alexander W. Mitchell and wife to
Mary S. Mark, lot 4. block 3, East
Tabor Villa; April 16. lfS7 10
A. L. Frazer. administratis to Flor
ence E. Stallmjrs, tract O, Rich
mond: May 24. 1S99 20
Nellie L. Williams and T. M. Will
iams to Annie E. Spencer. 60x100,
Irving street, near Twenty-third;
June 5 , , 1900
Alfred Osmund to Alexander E. Os
mund, lot S and W. Vt of lots 5, 6
and 7. block 233, Couch addition;
June 7 1
A. C. Getz and wife to Frank L Rus
sell, lots 19 and 20, block 9. and lots
9 and 10. block 8, Wheatland; May
23 500
A- B. Manly to Peter F. Sievers, lot
13. block 16. Lincoln Park Annex;
June 6 200
L. T. McBrlen to E. O. Caswell, lots
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. block 7, Peninsular ad
dition: May 31 1
J. Duthie and wife to George Shearer,
lot 4. Duthie addition; June 6 1200
Bntldlnfr Permits.
Honeyman & De Hart, one-story brick
warehouse. Alder street, between Fourth
and Fifth. $2000.
Hawthorne estate, five one-story cot
tages. East Twenty-eighth street, between
East Davis and East Everett; $1300 each,
$G50fl.
Birth.
May 14. girl to the wife of J. Hatfield,
365 Grand avenue.
, Deaths.
June 5, D. Ludwlch. age 63 years. First
and Montgomery streets; heart disease.
June 2, J. H. Andrews, age 37 years.
Good Samaritan Hospital; fractured skull.
Where It Was Faulty. "No." said the maga
zine editor, "we cannot use your poem. The
sentiment is beautiful and the meter and
rhyming are perfect, but nevertheless It Is not
suited to a high-class literary magazine."
"What's the matter with ltr" asked the poet
In not unnatural surprise. "Any one can un
derst&ndt It." Chicago Erenlnr Post.
CHANGING YAKIMA LINES
THE ETDIAKS . HAVE A CLAM FOR
RESERVATION XiAXDS.
Special Afc-ent Investigated the Mat
ter aad Saamltted Report Com
ment ef the Commissioner.
WASHINGTON, June 3. The Secretary
of the Interior has sent to Congress a
draft of a bill, with his comments, rela
tive to changing the western boundary
line of the Yakima Indian Reservation,
of Washington. The proposed bill is In
tended to authorize a negotiation of an
agreement with the Yakima Indians for
the adjustment of their claims for lands
embraced in the tract between the pro
posed and existing boundary line, a total
of 233,837 acres In alL E. C. Barnard,
the special agent, who Investigated the
matter, submitted a report setting forth
the facts in brief as follows:
"The important clause of this treaty is
that the summit of the Cascade Mount
ains should form a part of the western
boundary.
"Certainly the existing boundary line
does not reach the summit of the Cascade
Mountains at any point, and I can not be
lieve that the r'dge along which the pres
ent boundary line runs was considered the
summit at the time the treaty was made,
as even then the Indians were in the hab
it of hunting and gathering berries on
what Is now well understood to be the
summit of the Cascade Mountains.
"As evidence that it was the main sum
mit of the Cascade Mountains spoken of
In the treaty of 1S55, I would refer to the
accompanying map, which Is a trac'ng of
the White Swan map. now on file at the
Yakima Indian Agency, the said White
Swan map being a tracing of a part of a
map made by the direction of Governer
Stevens in 1E57 to show the Indian reser
vations In Washington Territory at that
time.
"This map certainly shows that what Is
now considered the main summit of the
Cascade Mountains was a portion of the
western boundary line of the Yakima In
dian Reservation.
"Standing on Signal Peak and reading
over the treaty, or with the map before
us. there Is no possible way of making the
wording of the treaty agree with the to
pography of the country. With the evi
dence, however, collected In the field, cor
roborating the testimony of Stick Joe ana
Chief Spencer, who were shown part of
the boundary lines by authorized Govern
ment agents, I believe it Is possible to de
termine quite accurately what the inten
tion of the treaty was and where the
boundary line" of the reservation should
be.
"From the Imperfect topographic knowl
edge of the country it was believed that
both the Atanum and Pisco Rivers
reached to the summit of the Cascade
Mountains, but such Is not the case, al
though from a distance it would be a fair
presumption.
"Now, In regard to what the Indians
expected, they had for several years pre
vious to the treaty been In the habit of
hunting in the valley of the Klickitat
and In the vicinity of Goat Rocks, which
are prominent points 8200 feet high and a
good landmark, and where mountain
goats were numerous; also of making an
nual excursions to the vicinity of Walp to
gather berries and a berry patch Is con
sidered a very valuable possession by the
Indians. The Indians would therefore nat
urally desire to have these localities In
cluded In their reservation.
Reservation Boundary.
"From the head of the south fork of the
Atanum River, as It does not reach tho
summit of the Cascades by some 20 miles,
the boundary line should then follow the
divide around the head waters of the
(Klickitat River, passing over Spencer's
.foint to uoat KocJts. wnich is on the
main summit of the Cascade Mountains;
I from Goat ' Rocks it should follow the
mam summit to Mount Adams. This ridge
Is well defined for a considerable dis
tance toward Mount Adams, when It be
comes lower arid flattens out, and the line
might swing around the eastern slope to
reach the conical hump described by Stick
Joe, which ia a well-defined point, easily
recognized, 7500 feet high, or It might
reach the conical hump by passing over
the summit of Mount Adams. The bound
ary line would then continue In a straight
line to Grayback Peak. The blazed trees
at the junction of the Indian trail with
the Goldendale road fall south of this
line about two miles, but this Is not sur
prising, as It would be Impossible to lo
cate such a point accurately without a
survey, such a survey never having been
made. In my opinion the blazes found a:
this point established the presumption
that a straight line from Grayback Peak
to the hump on Mount Adams was a por
tion of tho southern boundary of the re
serve. "From Grayback Peak the line extends
to the east along a well-defined ridge to
mllepost 51 of existing boundary. The
forked tree and line of blazes extending
up the ridge from mllepost 29 on the old
I military road apear to me ample evidence
that this ridge was part of the intended
boundary, although the true ridge that
the line must follow Is a little to the
south of mllepost 29.
"Granted that the line started from mlle
post 51, of the existing boundary, down
the ridge toward Grayback, and certainly
the testimony of Chief Spencer and Stick
Joe is strong evidence, and when strength
ened by the evidence found In the field, I
believe rncontestlble, the boundary line,
as indicated In green on the accompanying
map. Is the only logical one.
"There 13 other evidence, that up to the
time that the existing boundary line was
surveyed, in 1SS0, the ridge extending from
mllepost 51 to Grayback was considered the
southern boundary of the reserve, as prior
to that date, when Father Wllber was
agent, the Indians received rent for graz
ing lands In Cedar Valley from white set
tlers In the vicinity."
"What Indian Commissioner Says.
In his comments, Indian Commlsslonef
Jones says:
"From Mr. Barnard's map and report
It will be observed that the boundary
claimed by the Indians does not extend as
far west as he believes It should, accord
ing to the wording of the treaty, viz., to
the main ridge of the Cascade Mountains;
and that the area of the tract claimed
by the Indians outside their reservation
as now surveyed. Is 253.S37 acres, while
Mr. Barnard believes they are entitled to
C4.041 acres more, or 357.S7S acres.
"The conclusions of Mr. Barnard only
confirm the views and suggestions of the
office, as sot forth In its report of April
12, 189S. upon the main points, viz., first.
that the wording of the treaty cannot be
made to conform to the topography ot
the country; second, that tho present boun
dary does not reach at any point the main
ridge of the Cascade Mountains, althougn
the treaty specifically provides that it
shall extend that far we3t. and the map
of Governor Stevens, who also made the
treaty with the Indians, tends to confirm
this; and, third, that there is good ground
for the contention of the Indians that a
portion of the tract intended to be re
served for them by the treaty has been
excluded on the west by tho survey ot
1SS0.
"The investigation of Mr. Barnard also
confirms the opinion then expressed by
tho office that it found no warrant for the
suggestion of Inspector McConnell and
others that the names of the rivers had
been changed in order more readily to
'change the reservation lines. The diffi
culty In the language of the treaty doubt
less comes about, as suggested by Mr.
Barnard, through the imperfect topo
graphic knowledge of tho country had at
that time. The Klickitat River, which
flows south Into the Columbia, intervenes
between the present reservation and the
main ridge of the Cascade Mountains,
whereas Mr. Barnard fays It was believed,
and from a distance It would be a fair
presumption, that both the Atanum and
Bisco Rivers, flowing east Into the Yaki
ma River, reached the summit of said
mountains. This, however, Is not the case.
"The office believes It is now sufficiently
clear that the Yakima Indians have been
deprived of a portion of the land Intended
to be reserved for them by treaty, and
that proper measures should be adopted
to secure their rights thereunder. It Is,
therefore, recommended that the findings
of Mr. Barnard be approved, at least to
the extent of the tract claimed by the
Indians, 293.S37 acres, and that appropri
ate action be initiated to secure reimburse
ment to the Indians for the lands of which
they claim to have been deprived. It Is
believed to be now impracticable to ex
tend the reservation boundary so as to
embrace the lands cut off by the survey
of 1SIO. 4
"There Is no present authority of law
for negotiations with the Yakima nation
of Indians for the cession of a portion of
their surplus lands, and it might be re
marked here that the office is not aware
that the said Indians have ever requested
or expressed a desire for negotiations to
that end.
"Should It be deemed desirable to ask
Congress for authority to conduct such
negotiations, preferably through an In
dian Inspector, It Is thought thnt an Item
should be added providing for the adjust
ment of this claim of the Indians for the
lands which have been cut off the west
ern portion of their reserve. If it Is not
deemed best to negotiate at this time with
said Indians for the cession of lands, then
It Is believed an Item should be prepared
and submitted to Congress granting au
thority for the detail of an Indian in
spector to negotiate an agreement with
them for the adjustment of this claim
alone."
BUCKET IN A WELL.
A Question nnd an Ansvrer Thought
Fit for It.
VESPER, June 3. (To the Editor.) In
September last I dropped an Iron, galvan
ized bucket In a well. It lay on one side
at the bottom of the well (as the mud
shows on It), and on May 17 I found It
floating, bottom up, and about eight Inches
above the water. There Is 12 feet of water
In the well. The water had not been agi
tated In any way. Can vou please give
us some light on the subject as to the
cause of the bucket floating. W. J.
The Oregonlan goes to considerable trou.
ble to furnish answers to questions which
appear to be Inconsequential, partly be
cause they are asked In good faith, and
partly that It may not destroy the appar
ently general hallucination that news
paper men know everything. It would
seem that W. J. ought to be satis
fled with the fact that the bucket which
he cast on the waters returned to him after
many days, without desiring to probe too
closely Into the why ana. wherefore. In
formation on such a miraculous occurrence
might properly have been sought for from
a fortune-teller, water witch, mtndreader
or professor of some of the other occult
sciences, but perhaps nothing of the kind
Is to be found at Vesper, and as it is not
desirable that W. J. should be
left in Ignorance, The Oregonlan will en.
deavor to solve the conundrum propound
ed. It Is possible that some one may havo
endeavored to recover the bucket In ques
tion and succeeded In raising It to the sur
face, and allowing air to get Inside of It,
so that It floated. If, as Is stated, the
water In the well had not been agitated
In any way, for the eight months the
bucket lay at the bottom of the well, gases
must have generated at the bottom of the
stagnant water, and the bucket must have
lain sloping a little, 00 that the gases
collected against the bottom, and finally
enough collected to raise the bucket to the
surface. It this explanation It not satis
factory," W. J. can test It by punch
ing a hole In the bottom of the bucket,
throwing It down the well and allowing it
to remain there eight months more, when.
If it rises to the surface again, another
effort will be made to explain the matter.
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Washington
413 and 414 Pioneer Building
DESPATCH SAILED NORTH
CARRIED THIRTY PASSEXGKM
AND A LOAD OF LIVESTOCK
Captain Johnson Expects t .Land
His Cargo at Nome Beach la.
Twelve Days.
The steamer Dcspatcn left at 9 yestw
day morning for Cape Nome, loaded wlttt
livestock and general .merchandise, "Thirty
passengers occupied the vessel's- state
rooms, most of them being interested la
tne cargo, wnich they accompany for the
purpose of superintending its discharge by
lighters at the Cape.
The vessel underwent a complete trans
formation, so far as outward appearances
go, before she was moved from, the foot
of Davis street, to the poiat of her de
parture, at the Alnsworth dock. It was
necessary to provide safe quarters for the
horses, cattle, cheep and hogs to be car
ried, and so a double deck was erected
forward of the amldship cabms, and a
single deck aft. Single stalls were built
for each horse and cow, and ample stra."5v
beddlnff was provided. In order that the
animals might lie down in comfort, on the
voyage. The passengers and crew wIlL
have all the milk they can use on the
trip up, as the cows taken by Messrs.
narr ana iiumpnrey are in prime milking
condition to withstand the demands, to be
made on them for the next four- months
at Nome.
Captain Victor Johnson dlfl not antlM-
pate any setback from floating Ice, when
he left yesterdar. and. therpfnr ti t
uneasy over being obliged to anchor in
uuicn iiamor tor any length of time. He
expected to make the passage in 12 days,
which will brlntr the DesDateh in tha rrrt
of her Journey about as svon as the steam
ers wnicn lelt port two weeks ago and
were obliged to anchor at Dutch Harbor
until the lco loosened un in th "Rp.hrtnn.
Sea,
The Despatch Is a stout steamer of BZO
tons register, and has been nlvintr hwm
Portland and California points for several
months, carrying lumber for Inman.PouI
sen & Co. She has nroven her seaworthi
ness on these trips, and the consignees
have no uneasiness about her safe arrival
off tho Nome beach, with passengers and
cargo in good shape. She will continue to
ply between Portland and Nome for the
remainder of the Summer, while Captain
Johnson's family will remain In the city.
WELL ALONG TOWARD NOME
Fred W. Piper "Writes a Letter From
ITnalaska.
Fred W. Piper, who Is well known In
Portland, writes the following Interesting
account of his voyage to the north to a
friend here. Mr. Piper dates his letter
at Unalaska, May 18, having reached that
port the day previous, on the steamship
Dora:
"The trip has been for the most part
stormy, rough and uncomfortable. If ever
you go to sea, choose the biggest boat
you can find, and overlook the little ones
We left Kodlak last Monday, and would
have arrived one day earlier had we not
run Into a storm off Ungu, where we had
to 'lay to for 24 hours. The Newport,
Portland, Albion, Francis, Alice and
Thrasher are In the harbor. The latter
arrived late last night. She was nearly
wrecked In Akutare Pass, trying to go
through In a high wind. She was blown
within 50 feet of a rock, and I am tofd
that all the passengers displayed alac
rity and presence of mind in buckling on
life preservers.
"The schooner Mary D. Humes left here
yesterday, after exiling her captain at
this place, I do not know just what the
trouble was, but It seems that the en
tain could not run the ship to suit those
aboard. The steamer Thrasher Is a dlr-ty-looklng
boat, with a dlrty-looklng pack
aboard. I am told that 'Deep Creek
Jones and Eugene Short are among those
on her. Our boat Is all right. She Is a
roller and all that, hut we are well treat
ed and well fed. The Alpha has put jn
here twice. After the first time she went
up the Siberian coast about 350 miles, but
could get no farther. She came back,
took coal and water, and it Is said she Is
now trying to get up the American side.
Her passengers are all happy, despite
their long sea voyage, and still maintain
that they will be the first people into
Nome this year. No revenue cutter will
ever catch her In Behrlng Sea It Is too
foggy. I think the Dora will be the first
boat Into Nome. I have great confidence
In her master, Captain Thomas, of the
Dora, who has sailed these waters for 24
years, and Is an experienced and compe
tent navigator. We expect to leave here
In a day or two. Unalaska. on account
of ships' passengers. Is beginning to as
sume metropolitan proportions and preten
sions. The native dug-outs have under
gone some changes and are now trans
formed Into modern saloons. The song of
the hammer and the eaw la heard on all
sides. Thus the march of progress goes
proudly on. We believe we will reach
Nome on or near June 1.
COOS BAY JETTY.
"Worlc Progressing Favorably Grass
GroTTlne" on Sand Spits.
Captain Harts, United States Engineers,
has received a report from the jetty at
Coos Bay, which shows that this work
is progressing favorably. Ten new bents
were added to the tramway during May,
and as there are only 20 more to be added,
the tramway will probably be finished is
two months from now. After that putting
in the necessary rock will be all plain
sailing.
From Tillamook Bay it is reported that
a channel has been dredged through the
troublesome shoal at the mouth of Wilson
River. The accumulation of snags there
was first removed, and then a channel
cut, which the two dikes there will prob
ably render permanent. Seven pile bea
cons have been driven to mark the course
of the channel through the bay, of which
no Indication can be seen at high tide.
Eventually the lighthouse department may
place lights on these.
The 17 acres of "binding grass" planted
on the spit at Tillamook Bay Is making
good growth, and bids fair to prove a
success In the way of preventing the sand
which forms the spit from being blown,
about. This grass makes a very rapid
growth, and wherever it obtains a foot
hold It remains.
The Coquille River has been snagged as
far up as Norway, some four or five miles
from Myrtle Point. When the snagging
Is completed the work of Improving the
channel at some shoal places will be
commenced.
OXYGENOR KING
Oxygenor Co.
SEATTLE, WASHj