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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (May 11, 1900)
THE MOBNING OREGONIAN, FEIDAY, MAY 11, 1900. CAPE PWFREPORT Statement -by Experts of the Geological Survey. ftz LA5TYEAR,5YIELDABOUT$3.000.0K) Wkere tke Gold ls Feaad, Its Con dltloa aad tlit: Theory of Its Ori els History of a. Kueset, WASHTNCTOJ?. May 6. The most au thentic and at the same time the most complete report on the gold fields of Cape 2'ome yet published Is that of Frank C. Schrader and Alfred H. Brooks, of the Geological Survey. The facta as set forth In this report are complete and re liable, and given from the point of lew of men thoroughly acquainted with gold deposits and gold mining. From their re port, the following extracts are made: "The gold of this region has so far all been obtained .from placer depos.ts, which can be conveniently grouped aa gulch placers, bar placers, beach placers, tun dra placers and bench placers. During last season only those of the gulches and .beach have been Important gold-producers. No facilities were available for exploit ing the tundra deposits, and the benches hae not as yet been Investigated. "The amount of gold produced during the last season cannot be estimated defi nitely. From the best information we could gather we believe that the produc tion of gold of the entire belt during the season of 1899 will approach 53,000,000. "The coarse gold, as far as present de velopments show Is largely connived to the creek and gulch diggings, ranging from tho size of a plnhead to nuggets weigh ing several ounces, Two have been found on Anvil Creek weighing 20 to 25 ounces, worth from $300 to $400. Much of thta gulch gold Is about the size of No. 3 shot, while nuggets from one-half to 1 ounce are not uncommon. It is probable that much of the fine gold Is lost by the mora or less primitive method of extraotlon now In use. "The gold is usually rounded and often smoothly polished, L e., having a water worn character. In color it is rather dull and somewhat resembles tarnished brass. The nuggets are round and subangular, but seldom flat. Small vitreous quartz masses are not infrequently found at tached to the nuggets. "The creek gold usually occurs on or very near bedrock, under a thickness of five to eight feet of gravel. In the diggings the pay streak Is of varying thickness, but the gravel usually carries ' 'some gold, or at least good colors, from the surface down. The flood plain, or gravel deposlta of the stream. In or be neath which the gold occurs, measured from rim rock to Tim rock, varies from 20 to several hundred feet In. width on different creeks. "A cross-section of the gravels at any given point would show the gold not evenly distributed, but more or less gathered Into zones. This pay streak usually trends parallel with the creek valley, and simp ly marks an earlier channel of the creek, when the gold was laid down in its bed. It Is not necess-uily continuous, but often occurs In detached pockets, which are sometimes very rich. "The gravels occurring with these pla cers vary In size from medium to fine, and are usually poorly assorted, with In distinct stratification. In the area exam ined by us on Anvil and Glacier Creeks the pebbles were chiefly limestone and mica-rchlst, with much calclte and quartz of vein origin. All of these were fre quently found to be highly mineralized. Sr.nd With the Gravel. "In washlrg the gravels of the gulches and the creeks much 'ruby sand' and 'black sand' Is obtained. The former Is chiefly garnet and the latter magnetite. These minerals, having a high specific gravity, are concentrated with the gold In the pay streaks. "In the lower reaches of Snake River and of the other large streams gold Is reported to occur on the bars also. In ap parently workable quantity. It Is here much finer than in the creeks and gulches, but not so reduced as that In the beach. So Jar as we learned. It is variously min gled with the gravels and the cand con stttting the bars, and, like them, as deposited by the rivers and streams. "Normally, In the beach deposits there $o fine gold, gold sand and some flake gold. The particles are much rolled and flattened, and range in size from that of a small plnhead to dust or flour gold. "With only the crude appliances for sepa ration at hand during last season, little of the flour gold has, as yet, been saved. Small nuggets, amounting to about $1 50 In value, have been found, but are rela tively rare. Some larger ones have also been reported. "The beach gold, when separated, is bright In color, having much the appear ance of fresh brass or gold filings, and Is usually of uniform grain. It is of Irreg ular shape, usually flattened, with round ed surfaces, and bears evidence of the grinding motion of the surf wh'ch reduced It to Its present fine state. "This beach gold occurs In the beach placers, a strip of comparatively fine gravels and sand, 100 to 150 yards wide extend ng parallel to the shore between the frontal edge of the tundra and the water line. In the Nome region gold has bean found in the beach from a point about a mile east of the town westward for some 10 or 15 rrilet. Beach deposit are alw reported from other localities along the southern margin of Seward Pen insula. "The richest pay streak of the beach de posits usually lies on what is locally called 'bedrock. This Is a tenacious clay of larying consistency. It Is, normally, blue In color, but I often stained yellow ish red by iron: frequently it contains some carbonaceous matter and some sandy matter. , "The strata above the clay beds con stats of well-Ftratlfied 'ruby sand.' 'black uid,' fine grave! ?nd sands, with occa sional laers of sh'nglo. "The gold lying on the 'bed rock' Is not evenly distributed, but occurs In more or less concentrated patches. The thickness of the pay streak Is a variant of the methods used In extracting the gold. With the- crude method emplojed by many of the miners, only the richest portion of the pay streak pays for working. This In cludes. In some Instances, only the scrap ings of the upper surface of the clay bed; In others, several Inches of the overlying gravels. The pay streaks vary In width from a foot to several yards, and can often be traced in more or less disconnect ed patches from near the tundra to low tide, and their longer axes seem to lie at right angles to the shore line. This trend is probably ascribed to the concentrating action of the waves, and possibly of the tide, when the go'd was deposited. The gold has been found from the grass roots of the tundra to low tide. "The statement made by some of the miners that the gold becomes finer to ward the tundra and coarser toward the ocean, was not borne out by our observa tions. The Richest ray Streak. "As above described, the richest pay streaks of the beach He on or close to the clay bed. Another mode of occurrence Is In the thin layers of 'ruby sand' and 'black sand which occur Interstratlfied along with the beach gravels. The posi tion of such layers, which rarely exceed two In number In any given section, is c' usually toward the base or near the lower part of the section, where near the bot- torn the layer of ruby sand is seen extend ing from center to right, about four feet blowithe surface. It Is about one Inch in thickness. Is slightly argillaceous, and rests upon a rather dense or compact layer of lighter-colored loam about four lnchcjjnfhlkness.f Above the four-inch layer or loam. rjear'bSa rock.' which Is htre lrnglj- acompacte c yellowish-brown sand; la another occurrence of the ruby sand. Here It is poorly stratified, but car ries good pay, though It la not so rich as the lower layer. The pay dirt from the ruby sand layers consists chiefly of fine garnets and magnetite, with a few vitre ous and rose-quartz grains. Samples of the Nome beach gold and of the black and ruby sands collected by us were care fully examined by Dr. Day. of the United States Geological Survey, for platinum, but none was found to be present. Dr. King, in charge of the Pioneer mines, on Anvil Creek, reports the occurrence of platinum there, In small amounts, as sociated with the placer gold. Other mines have also reported cinnabar, but as yet no samples have been seen by us. "As has already been stated, the coastal plain or tundra Is underlain by gravels similar in character to those of the gulches and the beach. Tbero Is every reason to believe that these gravels are gold bear ing, though they have aa yet received but little attention from the prospectors As we have already noted, 'pay dirt has been found, a few inchea below the surface at the edge of the tundra near Nome. This Is the only fact In regard to gold In the tundra which we could verify by person al observation. "The bench placers of the region have. Ait J 7 V ...eS ' J?sf C - (( cJi AJ" i . , I? w$p$t - l - - so, v vy . V - c ... V, ""s -..-..', h - . w . - - - r so far as "we know, received .little or no attention from the prospectors. Some of the low benches near the creeks have been shown to yield gold, but the higher benches and terraces have been disregard, ed, chiefly, it seems, because of the diffi culties In obtaining water. As has been explained, these benches and terraces have a similar origin to that of the tundra plain, and as their material has a similar source they are likely to contain gold. Whether this gold Is sufficiently concen trated to prove of commercial value is a question for the prospectors to settle. A good number of bench claims have been staked, and it Is to be hoped that the assessment work of this year will throw more light on this subject. "It Is well-known that the various forms of gold placers are secondary deposits. The ultimate source of the gold Is to bo sought for In the bed rock, where It Is usually found In veins. In a new region, like that of Nome, the prospector natur ally turns first to the deposlta which will yield Immediate profit, and therefore vein or quartz mining, as it is often called, recelvesbut little attention. In the Arc tic region, 'however, prospecting1 for1 min eral veins Is much Impeded by the thick coating of moss which covers most of the surface of the country. We have, there fore, but little definite information In re gard to mineral velna of the region. Gold From Mineralised Veins. "As far as It goes, evidence points to a derivation of the gold from the mineral ized veins and country rock. Wo wish to emphasize this because of the prevalent Idea that the placer gold has been brought from great distances by the action of lea or through some convulsion of nature. This Is a complete misconception, for there is no evidence whatever of glacial action, and all the facts point to a local source of the gold. As placer gold can only move downhill from the parent rock, it la evi dent that the source of the gold In the creeks and gulches must be sought with in their drainage basins. We do not wish to Imply that mineralized veins of com mercial value must necessarily be found In the vicinity of the rich placers. Such has not been proved the case in many other p'acer regions. The gold of the pa rent rock may not be In a sufficient con centrated form, or the cost of mining, because of local conditions, may be too great for profitable exploitation. "A very important consideration, more over. In regard to the richness of placers Is that they have often derived their gold from Immense masses of rock. The agents of erosion are constantly attack ing the bed rock of any given area, re- duclng it to gravel, sand, and mud. which streams carry seaward and redeposit In various forms. A heavy aubstance like gold, which may have been disseminated throughout the rock. Is concentrated dur ing this process by the sorting action of water, and thus placers are formed. The richness of a placer, therefore, may quite as iiKeiy point to a previous erosion oi great masses of bed rock as to rich and largo individual veins. We repeat, that Hh nbrm Mn not fc considered con- rich placers can not be considered con elusive evidence of the presence of rich gold veins ln the region. "In the foregoing the gold has been , traced back to Its source ln the bed rock. The placers of the gulches which lie ad jacent to this source have been shown to contain the coarcst gold and to include j the richest deposits. The gold In the tun- dra. having been transported a greater i distance than that of the gulches, is of , a finer grain, while that of the beach, whore It has been subject to the wearing of the waves, la still finer. The life his- ' tory of a gold nugget in this region ls somewhat as follows 'When the nugget Is freed from the . parent rock by tbe disintegrating agencies . It has angular form. It la washed down to the gulches and gradually becomes sub rounded. By some accident of erosion the gulch placer may be disturbed, and the nugget, again moved and still further reduced in- else, finds its way to the tun. dra deposit. By the shifting of the shore line it may subsequently be exposed to wave action, ground down still smaller, and eventually be borne to sea as flake or flour gold. "We expand this elementary Idea as to the origin of the gold deposits because of a misconception among some of the miners in the Nome region that the sea has washed up the gold and deposited 1 It In the beach. It is even asserted by some that the waves are constantly add- lng gold to the beach placers by bringing it up xrom me aepina oi me ocean, v ELIJAH BRISTOW'S CABOT. native Sobs Sovr Are Orpraaixed at Pleasaat Bill. Elijah Bristow's Cabin, No. 30. Native Sons of Oregon, was Instituted at Pleasant Hill, Lane County, by H. C Mason, grand organizer. Tuesday evening, with 35 char ter members. The following officers were elected and Installed: Past president. I. C Hawk: president. P. L. Brlstow; first vice-president, F. Drury; financial secretary, G. E. Colli - son: marshal. I. C Parker. The remain-1 der of the officers will be Installed at their next meeting. en route to ta-o :ort, had the same op- Balnbridge, with a carrying capacity of One of the members of this cabin la the tions at a lower rate, and was sent to J goO.OOO feet of lumber, making the one hun flrst white child born In Lane County. I Portland. dred and eighth vessel sent off the atocka The first dwelling built In Lane County i During the month of April six ships ' at the yard In Port Blakeley in the past was at Pleasant Hill, and la still In good i were chartered In San Francleco at 40 22 years. She is modeled after the Wins condition. It was built by Elijah Brl- shillings or higher. They were the Jes- low, but will carry a little more canvas. A tow in 1S1G. The first schoolhouso In the somene. Sierra Pedroaa and Chiltonford, Seattlo paper says of this enterprise: "The county was also located there, and is now at 40 shillings, the Indore and Gladys at rise of the four-roasted schodner during used as part of the log barn on the Brls-1 41a 3d, and the Nile at 40s Cd. Portland I the poet decade has been something re tow farm. In It was the first school still has a few more cheap ships coming markable on the Pacific Coast, and Hall taught In the county, and the first church along, but the supply will soon be ox- I Brothers' Puget Sound yard has proved a services held. The first Christian Church in Oregon was organized in thla school house. GATES RESIGNED. Changes la., the Affairs of the Steel fc "Wire Company. NEW YORK. May 10. Changes of a sweeping character In the affairs of the American Steel & Wire Company were announced today, after a session of the Board of Directors. John W. Gates re- signed the chairmanship of the Board of bank whlch ls next on tho ,Is wm be Directors, and is now on his way to r.u-tready vrithln a oyr da Tbe n fleet rope. He Is succeeded by Alfred Clifford, , 4n the r,ver rcjnforccd yesterday by of Chicago. John Lambert, the President tha arrfvai of the British bark East Afrl of tho company, resigned In favor of Will- c after a lon& passa trom Honolulu, lam P. Palmer; Isaac L. Elwood resigned I xhfc rnakea a total of seven chartered as chairman of the executive committee, o ln the river and one on the free list, and his place Is taken by William E. A1, of these, with the possible exception Denbern. The office of treasurer. madeof the Argus, which has Inward cargo, vaeent by the elevation of Mr. Clifford, j win be loaded this month, so that the fleet Is filled by the election of F. E. Watson. . for May rtll De ot very good proportions. Henry Seligman and Frederick Straus. A three-masted ship was reported outside both of this city, who resigned from the , jagt evening, and it is expected that she directory last Monday because of their yn rach port today. It is probably the opposition to Air. oates ana nis policy, I are succeeded by Randell Morgan, of Philadelphia, and Herman Sielcken, ot New York. All the new officers, directors and committeemen named are said to be ln absolute harmony with Mr. Gates and his policv. Breeches and Valor. Kansas City Star. According to the war pictures all the British officers, from Lord Roberts to a lieutenant of mouned lnfantrv. wear th baggy riding breeches which are tight at the knees and make the legs of the most stalwart man resemble those of a chicken, 3LAF OF CATE NOME MINING REGION. Is It possible that these peculiar British 1 Both eteamers will load lumber at Port riding breeches are the cause of the Brit- j land for the Far East. The Inverness Is Ish disasters? A man whose leg looks like - steamer which the Tacoma used ln sticks stuck throueh two balloons does not appear formidable, to begin with, and. besides, how can he keep from thinking ' about his breeches all the tlmo? Thla style has not yet struck the American armv. vm.i. v. i... . .i. it.. -... ..i ... ,. ,,,,,. tLmK nvm -,.nA Ie Her Majesty a troops have suffered severo reversea. Doth the apparel oft proclaim the soldier, as we.l as the man? (Tho Star should take a ood look at J the Kahkl riding trousers of the Ameri- i can officers at Manila before it general- ' lzes to much on this subject.) Esmt's Ancient Gate City. J New York Times. M. Legc.nl. in setting up the fallen col umns of Karnak, Egypt, recently dUcov ered a city gate. It ls the first found la Egypt, Is of great he.ght, and bears the date of the 15th dynasty. A second Im portant discovery at Thebaa Is a large tomb of the 11th dynasty in perfect preser- I ration, j OCEAN FREIGHTS FIRM FORTY , SHILLINGS PAID AT ALL COAST PORTS. Xorraa, Corals? Back First May Ship Clears Elm Branch Sails for Port last! Marine Xotes. Advice? from San Francisco report a wonderful Improvement In the crop situa tion in California, and from the southern part of the state, where total failure was pred'eted a few weeks ago. It Is now pre dicted that a fair crop of wheat and bar- i ley will be produced. The effect of thla Improvement in crop conditions la reflect cd In a weaker feeling in wheat and more , urraucff jn ireignis. in. me caae oi me latter, there are strong Indications that before the coming season Is well under way California will be paying more for ships than Is paid In the north. At the present time, all Pacific coast porta are on an even oasis reKarauur ircumiA. xne I British bark Norma, a well-known vessel In this port, was chartered this week at 1 40 shillings for July loading at Portland, San Francisco or Tacoma. and has been ordered to Portland. The Pinmore, now ? .? T .tlHe " . w r V SVC 5 o " 'v " Rotr O X' MAP OF CAPE SOME REGION AXD ADJACENT TERRITORY. haueted, and then It will be "going rates" again. THE GRAIN FLEET. Asplce Clears and the John Cooke Finishes LoaalnftT. The British ship rAap!ce cleared yester day for QuecnstowTi or Falmouth for or ders with 112,753 bushels Of wheat, valued at $61,000. The Aspice waa dlspatdhed by the Portland Flouring Mills Company, and Is tho first ship of the May fleet from this port to clear. She will be followed today by tho British ship John Cooke, which ,-,,, ,,- in.T it,-. to. -Pm-th st MIrren. from Yokohama, or the Lizzlo Bell, from Liverpool. ELM" BRANCH EN ROUTE. BIfir Tarret Steamship Coralnsr Back to Portland for Another Cargo. The big turret steamship Elm Branch, under charter to the Pacific Export Lum ber Company, of this city, sailed from Mo roran, tho Japanese coaling port, yestor- day. and -Is duo at Portland about tha tsth 4nit The Elm Branch will be fol- ' lowed ln a day or two by the turret steam ship Inverness, which the company loaded on tho Sound on her last outward trip. Y"c ol ils P'5 arcams aa a regular line between Tacoma and Vladlvostock. Like I a soon many omer xacoma scnemee. tne regular line from that city existed only In Imagination. The Elm Branch, which will . be the first "of this big pair td arrive, la i the ateamer which lost her nroneller on o Columbia River about three months a. ,, ,,f u . v ii, .. ago and drifted north, to be picked up off Cape Flattery. PUGET SOUND TUGBOATS. Shipping: Is Delayed by the Ineffi cient Service. The captain of the German ship Pera la i about the angriest skipper on Puget Sound, sasTS the Port Townsend Leader. After arriving here with his ship he com menced looking for a tugboat to tow him , to Port Ludlow, where he will load a car . go of lumber for Hamburg. .Since hla ar rival .he has devoted considerable time to telegraphing for a tugboat to tow hla ve( to Port Ludlow, and finally secured the eervlce of one after aa effort ef 43 hours. The tugboat service on Puget Sound seems -to be waning, and during the past few months a series of complaints have' been, heard from both masters and owners of vessels of the delay they have been subjected to. to eey nothing of the loss they have suffered. It la claimed by the shipping men that the tugs are not doing any more business than formerly, but the cause of delay la on account of them being out of the range of shipping interests, and vessels arriving hae to take chances on securing a tow. Such a state of affairs did not exist come months ago. and shipping men are now wonder ing why it should exist now, and can as sign no other reason, only that there la one tugboat company on the Sound, and that vessels will have to await the pleas ure of the management thereof. Heavy Loss ea Cargo. SAN FRANCISCO. May 10. Oa the last , voyage of the Acapulco, from Panama to &! P01 fc2-000 worth oi co was de v - . ." - -j onIr out tn0 treignt money on tne shipment, but will have to stand tho loss well Tk destruction of the cargo was th result of packing sheep dip Into the i am tyl jltn tho coffee. The matter la - ............. -. Hall Brothers' Latest. Tho latest addition to the coast tonnage. constructed by the Hall Brothers, on Pu- gst Sound, is the four-masted schooner potent factor in the supply of the steadi ly Increasing demand. The earnings of somo of these vessels seems almost to be exaggerated. For Instance, one schooner, built at a cost of $41,000, cleared herself of the price of construction within U months after being launched. This ls out of the ordinary, yet every schooner now ln service Is miking money for the own ers." Marine Notes. The steamer Signal arrived at Astoria yesterday with another cargo of coal for the Pacific Coast Company. J. A. Pond, of Arlington, la building a small steamer for local work on the Upper Columbia in the vicinity of Arlington. The craft will be a light-draft stern wheeler. The Willamette is slowly coming over the lower docks ln the city. In this en croachment on business property, it la backed up and supported by the Colum bia, which, in turn, is receiving some as sistance from the Snake. The steamer Ilwaco, which, under the superintendence of Captain- W. H. Whlt comb, has developed Into a fine, commo dious ateamer, left Supple's yard Monday, and is now at Astoria, ready to leave for the Sound, where abe will be used as a cannery tender. Domestic and Foreign Ports. ASTORIA. May 10. Arrfvedr-BritSsh bark East African: American barkcmlne Echo, from Honolulu; steamer Slgna'l, from Seattle. Arrived In at 6 and left up at 9:55 A. M. Steamer Columbia, from San Francisco. Reported outside at 4T4U P. M. Three-masted ship. Condition of the bar at 5 P. M., emooth, wind north west; weather cloudy. San Francisco, May 10. Arrived Steam ers Empire and Areata, from Coos Bay, steamer Newberg, from Gray's Harbor; steamer State of California, from Port land. Sailed Steamer Cleveland, for Ta coma. San Diego. Sailed May 9 Italian ship Teeocle, for Port Blakeley. Port Blakeley. Arrived May 9 British ship Lansing, from Port Gamble, Port Gamble, May 10. Arrived Bark Palmyra, from Honolulu. Hamburg. In port April 25 German bark Frieda Mahn, from Puget Sound, via Callao. New York. May 10. Arrived Manltou, from London. Plymouth Arrived May 9. Fuerst Bis marck, from New York, for Hamburg, via Cherbourg. Queenstown, May 10. Arrived Ger manic, from New York, for Liverpool. London, May 10. Arrived Marquette, from New York. Sailed Minneapolis, for New York. Hong Kong, May 10. Arrived previously Carmentenshlre. from San Diego, via Yokohama; China, from San Francisco, via Honolulu and Yokohama. Glasgow, May 10. Arrived Corean, from Philadelphia; Sardinian, from Boston. Cherbourg. May 10. Arrived Fuerst Bismarck, from New York, via Plymouth, from Hamburg. Queenstown, Slay 10. Sailed Teutonic, from Liverpool, for New YoTk; Waesland, from Liverpool, for Philadelphia. New York, May 10. Arrived Manltou. from London; Lahn. from Bremen. Sailed Frlederich der Grosse. for Bremen, via Southampton: La Champagne, for Havre; Kaiser Frlederich, for Hamburg, via Plymouth and Cherbourg. Rotterdam, May 10. Arrived Statendam, from New York, via Plymouth and Bou logne. Spoken. April 22, latitude 26 north, longitude 1S:53 west, British ship Marion Lightbody, from Newcastle, England, for Santa Ro salia. Interesting; Specimens. New York Tribune. The Jesuit College ln Georgetown has recently received from ithe members of that community in the Philippines a large and rare collection of gems, coral, min erals and shells, a part of which, as soon as It 1$ arranged and catalogue, will be presented to the National Museum. The most Interesting specimens ln the -collection came from Mindanao, one of the richest spots In the islands, where not only coral, precious atones and valua ble minerals are to be found, but come of' the finest pearls ln the world. Among the specimens are several fine pieces of the beautiful imperalls. a number of fos sils, including a miniature tree, gnarled and knotted, and "flower baskets of Ve nus," as the aspergillum is popularly called. The collection of minerals la a rich one, proof of the wealth ln this direction, at least, of the lalands. There are, too quantities of exquisite opals, and the shells which have been brought together form a unique collection. CROSSING OF THE ZAHD. Lord Roberts Making: Better Prog ress Tkan Expected. LONDON, May 10. Lord Roberts re ported to the War Office as follows: "Cable Cart Headquarters, at the front. May 10. 9:10 A. M. We are now across the Zand River. The enemy Is still hold ing a strong position, but we are gradu ally pushing him back." "Cable Cart. Zand River. May 10. 12:30 P. M. The enemy la ln full retreat. They occupied a position only 20 miles ln length. Ours was necessarily longer; because of the widely scattered force. It will take some time to learn the casualties, but I am hopeful that we have not suffered. The cavalry and horse artillery are pur suing the Boers by three different roads." "Zand River Camp I have received a most cheery telegram from Baden-Powell, dated April 27." The crossing of the Zand River by thj British appears to have been effected sooner than even the most sanguine ex pected, and this morning' Lord Roberts' temporary headquarters was established in a cable cart on the north bank of the river, though the opposition the Federals are offering shows that yesterday's re ports of the abandonment of the position were Ill-founded. Lord Roberts' advance force, consisting of from 10,000 to 12,000 mounted men, be sides infantry, artillery and the naval contingent, appears to be sufficiently pow erful to overwhelm any opposition the burghers can offer. Even though, as re ported yesterday, they have been rein forced by 3000 men from other commands and possess a score of heavy guns, the ex perts believe the opposition will not be prolonged further than ls necessary to re move the guns and other Impedimenta In the direction of Kroonatad. Further reports from Lourenco Marques Bhow that the customs authorities there. In addition to clothing and shoes, refuse to clear corned beef for the Transvaal, holding It as contraband. TVOMEN VOLUNTEERS. Want to Take Up Arras in tke De fense of tke Transvaal. PRETORIA. May 9. President Kruger has received a telegram from a burgher ess asking if tho time has not arrived, for the formation of a corps of women, add ing that she Is prepared, with a, body o women voluriteers, to take up arms In the defense of the'lndependence of the Trans vaal. ' The request of the government for per mission to sell mining rights for prices which should be approved by the govern ment was rejected by the Raad by a vote of 12 to 9. The session 13 closed. Salisbury's Ill-Tlraed Speech. NEW YORK. May 10. A dispatch to the Tribune from London says: Lord Salisbury took tho grace out of the recent visit of the Queen to Ireland by the vehemence with which he warned Irishmen that recent events ln South Af rica proved that there could not be prac tical Independence anywhere ln the Em pire with opportunities .for arraying hos tile forces against the Imperial Govern ment, It was a trenchant, but acrid speech, and not well timed. Automatic Foghorns. Pearson's Magazine. Automatic .foghorns operated by the mo tion of the sea have recently been in stalled off the coast of Spain. The rise and fall of the buoy sets a pimp at work, which at every stroke forces a supply of air into an air chamber. A small engine JwEKrMSNn M CUPIDENE CURES VARICOCELE. HYDROCELE, PROSTATOREA and disorders of the prostate gland. You should try CUPIDENE if you wish to see the knotted veins slowly, gradually decrease into normal healthy tissue. CUPIDENE cures atrophy and makes strong and well the weak and puny. 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Write for circu lars ; send for free information. Address DAVOL MEDICINE COMPANY SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. For Sale by ALDRICH PHARMACY, Sixth and Washington Street. liberates the air ln regular quantities and allows it to pass upwards to the foghaca., t which produces the blast. Tlje number and length of the triasta may be regulated as desired. Each biaat contains one or more notes, a long aad a short one or any other comblnatkm t make It distinctive and easily recognise ble. Supposing a storm rage, the log horn will still sound the same steady htast that It produces in a calm sea, for tfes extra power obtained from, the waves la allowed to run to waste by means of M escape valve. A Stndy ef tke Araerlcal Civil "War, Contemporary Review. In hardly any Instance throughout the campaign, except where Sir Archibald Hunter. Colonel Baden-Powell. Colonel Kekewlch. General French or Colonel Pll cher as been concerned, have the Boers been surprised by us. They have ak&ost always known precisely what we wees going to do, and have met our attacks ta full preparation for them exactly as they took place. That means that their system of intellgence, their reticence ln regard to what they Intended, their capacity ff obtaining Information of our actions aad ot concealing their own, have bean such as have been habitual with tho wise coav manders of war ln the past, and such, aa have enabled those commanders through out all history to take advantage of th foolish commanders opposed to them. No tablly was this the case, as has been pointed out by others, in a war hi whloh, . as It has been aleged. the present leader of the Boers, General Joubert, blxsaelx played a part. I have not been abl tst follow his biography sufficiently closely to verify with certainty the assertion, hut I believe that It Is true that Joubert served throughout tho American Civil "W In the army of which General Lee ana Stonewall Jackson were the great leaders. It Is at least certain that at almost every point, as I have heard It expressed, "line upon line," the tactics of the Boera have, with Just such adaptations aa tha conditions of their country and their owa particular faculties as soldiers have mate necessary, followed the principles that would have been adopted by any soldier: who had fought under Jackson and prof ited by that experience. One writer In tha press went so for as to say I am. not quite sure if he was right or wrong, Sut at all events the suggestion is worth considering that the fact that Lord Rob erts had appointed as one of the chief officers on his staff the particular soldier. Colonel Henderson, who has devoted him self to the study of the American Civil War in general, and to tha life of Stone wall Jackson in particular, Indicated aa opinion on Lord Roberts part that tha particular study of the American Civil War was the one, that was roost Imme diately applicable to the present Transvaal war. Foreign Schools ln Athens. New York Sun. Four foreign countries. Germany, France, England and America, now sup port schools in Athens. Germany was the pioneer. The others followed her lead. Twelve years ago the Greek Gov ernment offered a piece of land about half tho size of a New York city block to England and the United States if they would put up buildings for their schools on It. The offer was accepted, and there are now three buildings on tho lot. England has two; one for the school and the director, the other for the stu dents. The United States has only ono building, but it has a big lead over England ln the matter of students. There are only three or four of our cousins occupying their new building, while the Amorlcan school has thirteen students this year, the largest number in its his tory. Twenty-three American colleges contrib ute to the support of the school. There Is a director who Is elected for a period of four years and each year there ls an other professor who lectures on spec's subjects. Professor Rufus B. RIc son. formerly of Dartmouth Collars. ! been the director for the last clsht years1 and It Is under his direction that tho school 'has distinguished itself byts ex plorations at Corinth. W t .