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THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, APRIL' 18, 1900.
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY. APHII. IS
THE SCD-11ASE OP DltYAXISM.
"What Demo-Populist politicians of
the Bryan-Altgeld order denounce as
"government by Injunction" is simply
a means, employed under certain con
ditions, of restraining lawless violence.
It can do no Injustice, for It can hurt
nobody who Is disposed to respect the
rights of others. WhAi men quit their
employment they have no right to re
sort to violence against others who may
be willing to enter that employment,
or to use torch and dynamite for de
struction of property. The protest
against "government by injunction" is
at bottom an assertion of the right of
mob violence, and a defense of It.
Hostility to property, with right of
free riot. Is a cardinal principle of the
Eryan-Altgeld party. Socialism is one
crutch and anarchy the other. Most
men are poor, for In any state of soci
ety few can be rich: and when the cra
ter of this party appeals to men's wants
he seeks to create an effect by attrib
uting their wants to some one's tyr
anny. He suggests topics intended to
bind the poor class together; topics In
tended to unite them against property
and its owners; topics the discussion of
which in the only form in which that
discussion can reach their ear will be
to make them think that some new
law can make them comfortable that
It is the present law which makes them
uncomfortable that Government has
at Its disposal an Inexhaustible fund
out of which it can give to those who
now want, without taking from others;
or, if it take from others, for such pur
pose, such seizure Is only equitable and
just.
"When we affect to pity as poor those
who must labor or the world cannot
exist, we arc trilling with the condition
of mankind." So said Burke, in one of
those statements whose imprcssiveness
so marks his superiority to all men who
have dealt with the underlying princi
ples of human society and government.
Work must be done; It is the common
doom of man that he must earn his
bread by the sweat of his brow, that
Is, by the sweat of the body or the
sweat of the mind, and every attempt
to escape from the "curse" of labor be
comes more truly a curse, for labor is
the natural condition of human exist
ence. Some few are Indeed very rich,
and somo of them have accumulated
their great wea'th by pursuit of prac
tices that have already been partially
restrained and must be still further re
strained .by law; but the spirit that
would attack every accumulation of
property is anarchy Itself. In these
days of great undertaking and achieve
ment, organization of capital on a vast
scale is absolutely indispensable, and
It must have a chance of profit, or there
will be no great undertaking.
There are certain illegitimate combi
nations, known as trusts, with which no
one yet can tell how Government
should deal. It Is a complicate prob
lem, and, however necessary It be to
deal with It, the method must not be
such as would erect a bar to such or
ganizations of capital as are necessary
for the great work of the modern world.
Property must have protection In the
larger masses as well as In the smaller
accumulations. The political agitators
who hold out hopes of division of prop
erty, so that they who have little or
none may expect to have more, through
spoliation of those who have much, arc
pests of society and enemies of the hu
man race. The smaller properties can
not exist if the larger do not; for what
rule can be made for definition of the
amount that could be called an equita
ble share? Besides, the whole property
'of the, world, divided equally, would
amount to nothing at all, and would
last scarcely a year. It is the funda
mental constitution and nature of prop
erty to be unequal, for that Is what
alone gives value to its smaller as to
Its larger portions.
That labor in the long run gets its
share is proven from generation to gen
eration by the condition or fortune of
the greater part of those who employ
labor. Some few. Indeed, get rich, but
these are the exceptions. By far the
greater part, who do not fall entirely,
continue In but moderate circum
stances, though their own labor Is con
tributed unremittingly to their busi
ness, throughout their lives. But the
great majority who undertake Indus
trial enterprises fall, as men note every
day proof enough that they have not
deprived labor of its share. Present
times may be said to be fairly prosper
ous. But that prosperity consists
mainly In the fact that more labor is
employed than in the hard times we
have been passing through, and on the
whole at higher wages. The great com
binations or trusts no doubt make more
money; but ordinary business, the
smaller establishments, in which the
greater part of the labor of the coun
try Is employed, are doing little If any
better than before, because all the ex
penses of doing business have greatly
Increased, and growth of expense has
kept pace -with growth of the volume
of business.
Silch Is a reasonable statement of the'
Industrial 'and business conditions of
the present time. But the Bryan-Altgeld
agitators want to make It appear
that "the poor," as they denominate all
who must live by labor, may find re
sources In political activity. In assaults
upon property, In xaakjJQS cPjHlltifl&s
that will deprive capital of profits; and
In the more Ignorant they even raise
hopes vague. Indeed, but still they
raise hopes of plunder and of divi
dends In It. This, In fact. Is the Chi
cago platform and the sub-base of Bry-anlsra.
ALTGELD'S IVAPSD INTO FACT.
There is nothing particularly new in
the tirade of Altgeld at Albany. It Is
addressed to the same people for whose
sake Altgeld. when Governor of Illi
nois, pardoned the Haymarket anarch
ists. Money Is the master, he says,
and man the slave. The dollar is en
throned, and liberty is led captive.
What we want now Is to elevate the
poor and tear down the rich. For the
unspeakable outrage that wealth and
property exist at all In this country the
Republican party is solely responsible.
The election of Bryan, therefore,
will put us all on an equality, and the
proper course for the patriot Is a mat
ter of simple inference.
All this Is something a little worse
than superfluous; for the true Altgeld
lsm, of the Haymarket order, is al
ready converted, and Inflammatory talk
of this kind may alienate the affections
of such Democrats as are neither an
archists or socialists. But Mr. Altgeld
condescends. In a moment of dalliance,
to utter one pregnant and unimpeach
able fact, and It Is this:
The moment Mr. Bryan consents to modify
the Chicago platform In any particular, that
moment he Is destroyed.
Truer word was never spoken. Let
Bryan abandon Populism, and Popu
lism abandons him. The Popocrat vote
is divided, and the Republicans have
a walkover. A corollary of this propo
sition Is, Let the Democratic party
abandon Bryan, and Bryanism aban
dons the Democratic party. Out of the
Kansas City convention will go the
South and West, and half the votes
that went for Bryan and Sewall in 1S96
will be cast for Bryan and some Pop
ulist on a Populist ticket.
The Democratic party today may be
likened to the, dog In the fable crossing
the stream. If It reach for the shadow
of Gold Democrats in the water, it will
drop the bone of Bryanism now secure
In its mouth. It looks to the Gold Dem
ocrat as if the way to win this year
is to turn Bryan out and drop free sil
ver. The fact is, that Is the surest way
to commit suicide.
WESTJIIXSTETl'S FAMOUS CONFES
SION. What difference is there between
claiming Infallibility for the Pope and
claiming infallibility for the Westmln
ster Assembly of -1643? Much, perhaps.
In many ways, but certainly not much
In the displeasure visited upon dissi
dents. If a Presbyterian minister
raises his voice against the Westmin
ster Confession, he Is as good as tried,
convicted and sentenced for heresy.
Some embrace the dread extremity
nobly, and have over with It, as mills
did. Some smother their convictions
weakly, and thank God that he has en
dowed them with discretion. Some it
Is to be feared haven't brains enough
to comprehend what It is all about, and
others have discernment as well as
bravery, and are able to understand
that the essentials of faith and prac
tice are so far above and beyond the
poor Jargon of the creeds that to fight
over words In the presence of eternal
truth and duty Is an employment as
unworthy as it Is unprofitable.
Why was the Westminster Confession
of Faith thought necessary? It Is fair
to suppose that the religious needs of
the time were Inadequately served by
the creeds In existence, and its framers
met the crisis like men. They recog
nized the need and they resolved to fill
It. The Nlcene creed came down from
the early church, but the need of some
thing different was made apparent by
the Reformation. There was the Con
fession of Augsburg, framed by Melanc-
thon. In 1530. Catholic doctrine was
cast at the Council of Trent, from 1545
to 1563. Creeds of various complexions
were drawn up under the influence of
Calvin and employed in France, Hol
land, Belgium, Switzerland, Poland,
Hungary and Scotland. Then came the
Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of
England (1G62-1571); and their modifica
tion, the Irish Articles (1615), which
formed the transition to the Westmin
ster document.
The' labor undergone by the West
minster Assembly fairly indicates the
need felt at that time for a' changed
declaration of belief. The Assembly
met In the Autumn of 1643, and sat for
upwards of five years. And If a
change was needed then, why may not
a change be needed now?
OFF FOR PRETORIA.
Lord Roberts Is reported to be on the
eve of a great forward movement. He
has been a month at Bloemtonteln pre
paring for this advance. His prelim
inary work has been to secure his com
munications, to remount his cavalry
and mounted infantry, and to equip
his men with winter clothing. With
only a single narrow-gauge railroad
connecting him with his sea base, the
work of accumulating supplies has been
slow and difficult. He has had to sup
ply the loss of 11.000 horses, and he has
been hampered by the failure of the
War Department to keep him supplied
from England and the Cape. Under the
circumstances. It Is remarkable that
Lord Roberts Is today ready to resume
his advance, and probably he Is not as
fully prepared as he ought to be, con
sidering the arduous nature of the task
before his transport service.
The criticism passed upon Lord Rob
erts, because of the disaster which be
fell Colonel Broadwood is unjust.
Colonel Broadwood was operating some
35 miles from Bloemtonteln, and fell a
victim to his own lack of military pru
dence. In other words. Colonel Broad
wood, like General Gatacre and several
other British officers, proved himself a
gallant soldier, but an' Incautious and
negligent commander. He failed to
Justify the confidence reposed In him
by Lord Roberts. The recent opera
tions of the Boers on the flank and rear
of Lord Roberts' army have cost hlra
the loss of perhaps 1000 men, killed,
wounded and prisoners, but have ac
complished no serious result. His rail
way lines of communication have not
been cut, and the losses of the Boers
have been considerable In their attack
upon Colonel Brabant's force at Wepe
ner. When Lord Roberts moves, he
doubtless will march to the northwest
and flank the Boer position, forcing a
retreat from Bethlehem, whose railroad
would put him In touch with General
Buller. Kroonstad, the present base of
operations for the Boers, Is about 130
miles from Bloemfonteln. General Me
thuen has been reported recently as
moving In the direction of Hoopstad
Lft'Ub 3. Z&? ettscive force vt well-.
mounted yeomanry, accompanied by a
strong body of seasoned Infantry.
WHAT AltB TUB FACTS f
A correspondent disputes a recent
editorial statement of The Oregonian
that the repeated refusal of England to
listen to the proposal of France for the
recognition of the Southern Confeder
acy was due to the Influence of Queen
Victoria and her adherents of the court
party, at the head of which during the
first year of the Civil "War stood Prince
Albert, a statesman who from the out
set was a warm friend of tho United
States. Our correspondent assumes
that The Oregonian has not given due
weight to the appearance of a Russian
squadron In New York harbor, and he
is disposed to believe that the fact of
Russia's friendship was the controlling
Influence In restraining England from
recognizing the Southern Confederacy.
This assumption Is absurd. Had It not
been for Lincoln's recasting Sewaras
original dispatch In the Mason and Sli
dell case, as set forth In Hay and Nlco-
lay's life of that great man, we would
have had war with Great Britain. But
Lincoln knew we were wrong, and, say
ing, "One war at a time, Mr. Seward,"
recast Seward's dispatch with his own
hand.
The Russia of 1861 was not the Rus
sia of today, and her friendship- for the
United States would not have made
Great Britain hesitate to unleash the
"thunders from her native oak" If we
had not complied with her demand for
the surrender of the Confederate en
voys taken on the high seas from the
deck of a British steamer. Russia
could have given us little aid beyond
her sympathy. Her navy was so small
In 1S61 that the united navies of Eng
land and France could havo blockaded
Cronstadt In ten days after a declara
tion of war. Under the treaty of Paris
of 1S56, Russia had then no fleet on the
Black Sea; she had no troopships large
enough to send her armies where they
could do us any good or England or
France any harm. She had not war
ships enough to defend her troopships
against .the navies of England and
France. There was no empire of Ger
many In 1S61; Prussia would never have
supported Russia against France and
England; neither would Austria, so that
Russia's aid In 1S61 would not have ex
tended beyond her good wishes. She
could have done us no good, and would
have Invited a ruinous blockade of her
ports and destruction of her merchant
marine.
When the news of the seizure of Ma
son and SUdell, November 6, 1S61,
reached England, the friends of the
South tried to make use of the incident
for the purpose of breaking up the
blockade and securing a recognition of
the independence of the Confederacy.
Lord Russell quickly drafted an em
phatic ultimatum and sent It to the
Queen for her approval. She herself,
however, was in no mood for war, the
Prince Consort being In his last Illness.
The two scrutinized the draft of the
dispatch and returned it with recom
mendations designed to show that the
sole purpose of the demand was to pro
tect the dignity and sovereignty of
Great Britain. Lord Russell adopted
the Queen's suggestions, and further
privately Instructed Lord Lyons that
anything like menace was' to be avoid
ed. It is clear from these facts that
the change of Lord Russell's original
peremptory ultimatum was wrought by
the direct Interference and revision of
Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
The reason why Great Britain,
through Lord Russell, steadily refused
to Join France in recognizing the South
ern Confederacy was that the real gov
erning forces were determined to avoid
war with the United States. As late as
July 31, 1662. Earl Russell Informed
Confederate Commissioner Mason that
"Her Majesty's Government are still
determined to wait." On October 13,
1SC2, Earl Russell sent his colleagues
a confidential memorandum inquiring
"whether It Is not a duty for Europe to
ask both parties in the most friendly
and conciliatory terms to agree to a
suspension of arms." This was as far
as Earl Russell would go after we had
suffered the great defeats of McClellan
before Richmond and Pope before
Washington, followed by the bloody
drawn battle of Antletam. On the 14th
of October Sir George Cornewall Lewis,
a member of the Cabinet, declared that
the government had no intention of rec
ognizing the independence of the Con
federacy. Palmerston and Russell from
this time determined to continue the
existing policy of non-intervention, be
cause they knew the answer that the
United States would make to any offer
of mediation and the resentment It
would exhibit If the Confederacy were
recognized. It Is perfectly clear that
the English Government and the public
who supported it did not wish to take
any action in regard to the struggle in
America by which they should run the
risk of war with the United States.
The certainty of incurring enormous
losses In case of a conflict with the
United States of course acted as a pow
erful restraint upon England. The
Confederate Commissioner, Mason, re
ported, February 9, 1863, that both po
litical parties In England had "a fixed
purpose to run no risk of a broil, even
far less a war with the United States."
The British Cabinet foresaw that an
offer of mediation would be promptly
rejected: that merely to recognize the
Independence of the Confederacy would
be futile unless it entailed a war with
the United States, and that a war
would deprive Great Britain of her
gains in shipping. This determination
not to go to war with the United States
is evident from the change in Lord
Russell from negligence to vigilance
after the escape of the Alabama; and
In the refusal of Parliament to pass
the Roebuck resolution looking toward
the recognition of the Confederacy,
even after our terriblo defeat of Chan
cellorsvllle. If we had been defeated at
both Vlcksburg and Gettysburg, proba
bly Intervention would have come In
some form, but victory crowned our
arms both East and West, and the dan
ger of recognition of the Confederacy
by Great Britain ceased to confront us.
FROM A FIGHTING STANDPOINT.
The American people have great pride
In their Navy. Its achievement In the
war with Spain stands, in the general
view, for Invincibility, and many, even
among those who have patriotic pride
in it, think the Navy is large enough.
Relatively speaking, however, the
American Navy is not strong. Our
stock of battle-ships, completed and
under construction. Includes the famil
iar five which have seen service in war;
the Kearsarge, lately placed in commis
sion: the Kentucky and Alabama,
which soon will be, and the Maine,
Missouri and Ohio, which have been
fairly begun. There has been an ap-
prQuijailoa tiff the coEStcucUaa of. the
New Jersey, Georgia and Pennsylvania,
but contracts for these have not yet
been let, owing to the Insistence of
Congress upon a maximum price for
armor-plate that was below tbe market
price. When all the battle-ships that
have been authorized have been built,
together with the two for which recent
recommendation was made by the
Houso committee on naval affairs,
there will be Just twenty of these ships
in the American Navy.
As compared with the English and
French navies, this number Is very
small. From a fighting standpoint,
which may at any time become the
Nation's point of view, It is wholly In
sufficient to compel a powerful enemy
to a satisfactory result. Simply stated,
twenty battle-ships a superfluity of
heavy fighting machines In time of
peace are not enough for the contin
gency for which battle-ships are built.
A maritime power with widely distant
as well as near-by Insular possessions,
it becomes the United States Govern
ment to look well and in good time to
Its Navy..
Public credulity Is taxed to the ut
most by the declaration of Mrs. Dewey
that she "attempted to dissuade the
Admiral" from a course that has so as
tounded and chagrined a large majority
of his countrymen. But the climax Is
reached when his brother-in-law, John
R, McLean, Democratic politician and
late aspirant to the Governorship of
Ohio, asserts that he "knew nothing
of the Admiral's purpose." The Amer
ican people may be upon occasion hero
worshipers, and In this sense idolaters,
but they do not, therefore, have to be
lieve all that Is told them. Neither the
general regret at the Admiral's course
nor the opinion held In regard to the
source of his political action will be
changed by these statements of his wife
and her brother.
Colonel James Hamilton Lewis, the
crimson-hued Seattle faker, refuses the .
crown by declining to run for Congress
on the ground that he has too long mo
nopolized the favors of his party. If
Lewis Is sincere, which he almost never
is, he has become wise, which he never
before was; and If he Is not sincere,
which is probable, he Is merely trying
his popularity with his party. Likely
enough, he expects that he will be
called upon by the overwhelming senti
ment of Seattle to run against Cush
man, the Tacoma Representative; and
then we shall see If King County can
do for its picturesque humbug what It
twice did for Charlie Voorhees.
Senator Morgan once ventured to ex
press the opinion that there were pthers
besides Bryan, and thus for a time im
periled his seat in the Senate. Gov
ernor Johnston used the Senator's
verbal inadvertence as the text for a
terrific arraignment for treason to the
real Democracy, and on the strength
of his own unqualified virtues as a fol
lower of the true faith, captured sev
eral counties In the state primaries.
The result In Alabama would seem to
prove that there Is room In the Democ
racy for both Bryan and Morgan, but
that Is only Alabama's narrow view of
It. We know better in Oregon.
It Is worth while to observe that un
der the new Louisiana Constitution and
registry law 7000 negroes are enrolled as
voters. These, of course, are blacks
with property or education, perhaps
both. That Is, they afford no menace
to a white man's government, meaning
by that orderly and intelligent govern
ment. Perhaps It would be fair to say
that negroes of the same description
vote In the South generally.
If anarchists like Altgeld think they
have anything to gain for their party
by denouncing, as does Altgeld, the
"bullpens of Idaho," they should go
ahead. This identification of the Dem
ocratic party with riot, anarchy, dyna
mite, murder and destruction of prop
erty Is the millstone about the neck
of Bryanism.
President McKlnley is correct In his
opinion that the nomination of Roose
velt as Vice-President would add great
strength to the Republican ticket. And
Roosevelt is apparently of opinion that
McKlnley's name on a ticket with him
would be a great weakness; hence he
refuses, and honors continue uneven.
The Washington Populists declined
to call a state convention to name dele
gates to Sioux Falls, and made the ap
pointments through their state central
committee and county chairmen. What
is this but machine politics of the rank
est sort? Tbe Populist bosses are both
tho initiative and referendum.
Strange that Tammany doesn't pay
what the men demand at the new Cro
ton water works, and draw on the City
Treasury for the money. Instead of
doing this, Tammany's contractors are
calling for troops. Here's an opportu
nity for Bryan and Altgeld.
Montana may be persuaded to "vindi
cate" Senator Clark. It Is all a ques
tion of the length, breadth and fullness
of the Clark sack, though the ex-Sena-tor-to-be
has already done much to
show that of that there Is no question.
Mrs. Dewey is perfectly at home In
the Democratic party; but the way she
makes the uxorious Admiral trot round
after the procession reminds one of
Captain Bunsby's servitude to the lady
who took command of him.
Pettlgrew Is doomed to enjoy the con
solations of solitude after his present
terra. He Is getting a foretaste of them
now, for where Is Pettlgrew, talking,
there is certain to be solitude, unless
the-exits ore blocked.
The basis of Bryanism is hostility to
property and the assumption that no
man should be permitted to have more
than another.
Sacramento's Latest 11 Id for Fame,
New York Tribune.
When Padercwskl In his present tour of
the country reached Sacramento, CaL, he
readily ascertained from the records of
the box office that only 123 seats had been
sold for the performance which he had
arranged to give In that flourishing city.
Thereupon the eminent pianist cancelled
the engagement and returned their money
to those who had purchased tickets, being,
as we are Interested to hear, generally
applauded for this spirited action. It hap
pened that oh the evening appointed for
the Paderewski concert a minstrel show
In Sacramento was crowded to the doors.
Doubtless It Is deplorable that the capi
tal of California contains only 123 persons
who cared to embrace the rare oppor
tunity of hearing such music as a great
artist evokes from the Instrument of
I which he is the unrivalled master, but
I it is almost always possible to find soma I
element of consolation in the most, dli-
heartening Incident. Tha spirit which in
cites a person to correct a. false taste, cul
tivate a new one or otherwise pursue
knowledge In some unfamiliar field is
worthy of praise and emulation; but hy
pocrisy is an odious vice. In this case
how comparatively respectable It was for
the people of Sacramento to obey their
real Inclinations and go to see the min
strels. Instead of going to hear Pade
rewskl and pretending to enjoy a per
formance that bored them half to death!
i
AX AMERICAN TRIUMril.
Secretary Hay's Achievement for
Commerce and International Peace.
London Times.
The Government and people of the
United States are to be congratulated
upon the successful achievement of a
considerable service to the world. The
diplomatic correspondence between Mr.
Hay and the Powers Interested m the
future of China published yesterday at
Washington shows that Mr. McKlnley's
Secretary of State has obtained a gen
C(iU tUVUh UU1U UU llC .iamumo ..w.
.w.1 .. .. II .a .....Inna rnni
cerned to the policy of "the open door."
The credit of having formulated tnat
broad and Just principle of international
dealing In tho Celestial Empire belongs to
this country. But the honor of winning
for It the formal acceptance of Germany,
France, Russia, Japan and Italy has fall
en to our kinsmen across the Atlantic
Nowhere out of the United States will
this signal success of American diplomacy
be welcomed so gladly as In this country.
The advantages It confers upon the com
merce of the world are common to all
states and to all peoples, but they must
prove of special benefit to tbe nation
which Is still the chief trading power In
the Far East. The policy of the open
door has prevailed In these agreements
because It is fair and equitable on Its
face. It gives equal rights to all every
where, and leaves the subjects of each
nationality to win or lose In the struggle
for the greatest markets of the future ac
cording to their deserts. That Is all that
we desire In China or in any other for
eign field. We wish neither for privileges
nor for favors. We hope that In a fair
field we shall by due exertions hold our
own. If upon equal terms our new and
vigorous competitors can defeat us we
shall recognize we have nobody to blame
but ourselves. The United States, which
are certain to be amongst our most for
midable rivals for the trade of the Far
East, were the first to appreciate the
Justice and the reasonableness of the pol
icy wo professed. They adopted It them
selves, and now after six months of ne
gotiations they have Induced the Powers
to adopt It, too. Henceforth the foreign
trade and commerce of China are to be
open to all nationalities upon equal con
ditions. If the terms of the agreements
with the United States are fully and faith
fully observed. Mr. Hay has done much
to make straight the paths of commerce
In. a region where they were threaten
ing to become tortuous under the pres
sure of all kinds of Illicit political Influ
ences. He has contributed In no small de
gree to weaken the grounds of serious
international complications pregnant with
danger to the peace of the world; and he
has opened up to China a fresh prospect
of economic development without an In
crease of the perils that menace her polit
ical existence.
TUB APOSTASY OF SEWAa.IV.
Ilia Ideas of Business and Expansion
Sever Htm From llryanlsm.
New York Times.
It has long been understood that Mr.
Arthur Sewall, of Maine, has no desire
to see his name on the ticket with Bryan
again this year, but his recent utterances
make It evident that he could not even If
he would be tho Bryan I te candidate for
the Vice-Presidency. Mr. Sewall Is a
frank expansionist of an advanced type.
Mr. Bryan preaches the doctrine that we
must drop everything we have outside and
run run home and stay there. The two
policies aro incompatible, the two men
cannot be yoked together.
The utterances that sever him com
pletely from the Bryanltes are of much
Interest. We quote his views of tho re
cently revealed tendencies of our National
progress:
In tha grand vista opened up by this coun
try's expanding Importance among the na
tions of the world there are plainly visible two
features of vital concern to the people; first,
tbeiflnger of 'destiny pointing to the parting of
the ways between Isolation from tha affairs of
the foreign world and a participation in the
councils of the great human family; second,
the necessity for the restoration of the United
States to the proud position once occupied as
a leading maritime power. The two are so
closely intertwined as to be Inseparable. Ex
pansion In territory means Increased oppor
tunities for the use of American capital In the
direction of maritime commercial expansion.
... Our destiny leads us unerringly on to
tbe two great fields of expansion, territorial
and maritime, and this destiny should be
heartily welcomed by every patriotic American
as the true pathway to National and commer
cial progress.
Tbe attentive reader will at once per
ceive that Mr. Sewall wishes to do bust,
ness, The desire to do business is the
dominant principle of his politics. That
Instantly cuts him off from association
with W. J. Bryan. The aim of the Bryan
policy is to put a Btop to business and
shut up the shop so that the owner can
go out on the street corner and discuss
with bis fellow-citizens the rapacious hab
its of the trust octopus and the woeful
backache of the bearers of the celebrated
cross of gold.
If Mr. Sewall believed In the principles
of Bryanism four years ago, then he la
a rank apostate now. If he believed then
what he says now, he was a sinful dis
sembler when he ran on the ticket with
the Nebraakan.
A Fundamental Principle of Democ
racy. PORTLAND, April 17. (To the Editor.)
In the brief editorial this morning con
cerning the Republican nominee for A.--sessor.
The Oregonian gives utterance to
a fundamental principle In our form of
government as follows: "Official duties
have to be learned In every public position.
That Is one of the consequences of demo
cratic government. Democracy has to
teach the men It brings forward, from
Presidents, Governors and Senators down
to those named for the humblest positions.
Then, as soon as they learn. It discards
them and takes up new men. This is in
separable from the nature of democracy.
and It Is right If democracy is right. The
remedy Is oligarchy, with Its settled bu
reaucracy." Laying aside all reference to local can-'
didates. I beg to say that this utterance
of the editor Is thoroughly sound; and
It is a complete refutation of the civil
service fad. now In operation throughout
the country, whereby a whole army of offi
cials, small and great mostly small aro
fastened upon the people In direct viola
tion of the genius of a republic and with
out commensurate benefit to the service.
"Oligarchy with Its bureaucracy."
C. E. CLINE.
a
President McKlnley Asked to Explain
St. Paul Pioneer Press, Rep.
The public at large will cordially Joli
In the hope, attributed by our Washing
ton correspondent to the Republican lead
ers, "that President McKlnley will take
the first opportunity to Inform the coun
try concerning the reasons which induced
him to change from the advocacy of ab
solute free trade with Puerto Rico to an
approval of a tariff of 15 per cent of the
Dlngley rates as a plan for raising a
revenue for the Island."
a
Desperate Economies.
Indianapolis Journal.
"Joe. there's a collar and cuff
started."
trust
i
"Oh, gracious! I've been turning mine
upside down, and now I suppose I'll have
to turn them Inside out."
a -
The Spaclons Apartment-Honse.
Chicago Record.
"How's your new apartment?"
"Oh. It's all right: we are Just good
I walking distance from tho tlwiator."
GOSSIP OF THE NATIONAL CAPirAL
WASHINGTON. April 13. While there
Is a possibility of the ship subsidy bill
passing the Senate at the present session,
it Is not probable, indeed, it is hardly
possible, that It can get through the House.
The Democratic members of the commit
tee having the bill in charge have gotten
together, and will prepare a very strong
report against the bill. They have con
sidered every phase of the subject, and did
not overlook a single point. They declare
that the measure as reported to the House
Is very obnoxious, and think it will be
opposed by the solid Democratic party. It
Is further expected that the Populists and
other sliver forces will Join the Demo
crats In their opposition to the bill.
More than this. It Is known that there
are some Republicans who are at heart
opposed to the bill, and will take every
step possible to defeat It. There 13 a
possibility of their being whipped In, much
as somo Republicans were whipped Into
supporting the Puerto Klcan bill, provided
the party leaders of the" House determine
to push the bill before adjournment. At
r - -"
at tne same time it Is Known tnat there is
a general anxiety to have an early ad
journment, and many Republicans who
would ordinarily support the bill may
avoid doing so at this time, for fear of
prolonging the session.
So this fact, taken In conjunction with
the. undivided Democratic opposition,
makes the chanoes of success in the House
most remote. In fact, so remote are they
that no one but the most earnest advocates
of the bill expect to see It passed by the
House at this session.
Too Much Sulzer.
Representative Sulzer, who was one of
the prime movers and Instigators of the
Investigation into the Idaho riots, is being
turned down so completely and so effect
ually by tho committee on military af
fairs of the House of late, that those who
at one time deplored the fiendish glee with
which Sulzer and Lentz first prosecuted
tho Investigation, are now glad to have
the matter run along under present con
ditions. When the miners were on the stand, both
these sensationalists delighted In drawing
from the witnesses statements of the vil
est character in the hopes of damaging the
Army and throwing the Governor and
military Into a bad light. Now the tables
are turned, and the Army Is being given
an opportunity to defend Itself as well as
the Governor, and both have come out In
the most creditable style, and with a sin
gle sweep knocked o'er all tho sensa
tionalism that was set up by the cheap
politicians from New York and Ohio.
An Instance of how these so-called
"friends of labor" have been rebuked, was
shown at a recent meeting of the commit
tee. Sulzer, seeking to make further po
litical capital, demanded that tne names .
of the miners who were Imprisoned In the
"bullpen" be published. This the com
mittee agreed to do, but when the copy
camo from the printer, the eager Sulzer
was surprised and shocked to find that
In addition -to the names called for. a
newspaper clipping had also been repro
duced, showing the ringleaders among the
disturbing element of the miners. This
was more than he bargained for; but not
more than the committee Intended, and
although he vigorously and loudly pro
tested and demanded that theso latter
names be withdrawn, the committee took
no heed of his outburst, out rather took
a peculiar delight In watching him writhe
and burn, where ho had intended to gloat.
Recognition to MlnlnK States.
Representative Moody, of Oregon, re
cently reported from the public lands com
mittee tho bill drawn up and parsed
through the Senate by Senator Simon,
which extends to Oregon, Washington ami
California the rights now enjoyed by all
other mineral states, whose citizens can
cut and use the timber on the mineral
lands. In his report, Mr. Moody says:
"Under existing legislation by Congress,
passed many years ago (act of June 3, 1S7S.
20 Stat, at Large, page S8). all citizens
ot the United States and other persons
bona fide residents of what are known
as mining states, omitting, however,, the
states of California. Oregon and Wash
ington, were authorized and permitted M
fell and remove for building, agricultural,
mining and other domestic purposes. Um
ber or other trees growing or being upon
the public lands being mineral and not sub.
Ject to entry under existing laws of the
United States, except for mineral entry,
subject to such rules and regulations as
tho Secretary of the Interior may pre
scribe for the protection of timber and the
undergrowth growing'upon such lands.
"In furtherance of this legislation. Con.
cress passed an act, approved March 3.
1S31 (chapter 653), entitled 'An act to amenj
section 8 of an act approved March 3.
1S31, entitled "An act to repeal timber
culture laws, and for other purposes."'
In section 8 of the act aforesaid, as amend,
ed. It Is provided:
" 'And In the, States of Colorado, Mon
tana. Idaho, North Dakota and South Da
kota, Wyoming and the District of Alas
ka, and the gold and silver regions of Ne
'vada and the Territory of Utnh In any
criminal prosecution or civil action by the
United States for a trespass upon such
timber lands or to recover timber or lum
ber cut thereon. It shall be a'defenee. It
the defendant shall show that the said
timber was eo cut or removed from the
timber lands for use In such state or ter
ritory by a resident thereof for agricul
tural, mining, manufacturing or domestic
jSurposes. under rules and regulations
mado nnd prescribed by the Secretary of
tho Interior, and has not been transported
out of the same.
" 'But nothing herein contained shall op
erate to enlarge the rights of any railway
company to cut timber on tha public do
main. " 'Provided, that tho Secretary of tha
Interior may make suitable rules and reg
alatlons to carry out the provisions of this
act. and he may designate the sections o
tracts of land where timber may be cut,
and it shall not be lawful to cut or remove
any timber except as may be prescribec
by such rules nnd regulations.'
"Neither of tho acts referred to (that
of June 3, 1STS. nor the act of March 3,
1S31). In express terms includes tho states
of California, Oregon or Washington, al
though those ptates were then and are now
well known to bo mining states. The act
of June 3. 1S7S. contains, after the desig
nation of the states and territories therein
mentioned, these words: 'And all other
mineral districts of the United States.'
"This language would seem broad
enough to Include the three states not
specifically mentioned, but It has been
held that the States of California, Ore
gon nnd Washington are not subject to
the provisions of this act. Therefore the
amendment provided for by this bill Is
neces-ary. Why the States of California,
Oregon and Washington, all three being
mineral states, and so recognized, were
not Included at the time the act of June
3, 187S, or the subsequent act of March
1S91, were passed by Congress, is not
apparent. Nor is there any good reason
why citizens and bona fide residents of
the States of California. Oregon and
Washington should not be entitled to the
same benefits and privileges that are af
forded the citizens and bona fide residents
of the states and territories specifically
mentioned In the acts of June 3. 1S7S, and
March 3, 1891. The omleslon of thesa
states from the acts referred to Is an un
just discrimination against the citizens
and bona fide residents of the States of
California. Oregon and Washington, and
places them upon, an unequal footing with
the- states nnd territories mentioned.
"Senate bill 2S6S Is nothing more than
an amendment of the act of March 3.
1S91. hy adding to section 8 the three states
named, and confers upon the citizens and
bona fide residents of those states the
same rights !n relation to the felling and
removing of timber for building, agricul
tural, mining and other domestic purposes
that are enjoyed by the citizens and bona
fide residents of the states and territories
mentioned "in tho acts aforesaid. Tha
amendment of the act of March 3, 1S31,
Is deemed sufficient without any specific
amendment of the act of June 3, 1STS.
"Your committee, upon a careful consid
eration thereof, are of the opinion that
the bill Is a meritorious one, and report
It back to the House with the recommenda
tion that It do poeb.1
K0TB AND COMMENT.
The new popular song Is one form ot
fresh air that Isn't always enjoyable.
Grover Cleveland counsels college stu
dents not to hate ofllce-seekers. What U
Grover after now?
The restaurants In Pretoria are not mak
ing arrangements for any rush of Eng
lishmen December 26.
Quay remains In Florida, probably be
cause he considers It the most agreeable
section of the cold outside.
The politician who has a taste for checks
Is sometimes compelled to wear stripes
during the late years of his life.
Mendacity Is a virtue In fishermen. If
they told the truth the streams would
have been depopulated long ago.
The price of wheat and the price ot
sliver are not trotting !n double harness
ahead of the Bryan band wagon this year.
Mr. Clark's attempt to run Montana
politics the way Croesus would have run
them went the way of the Sheldon experi
ment. When tho House begins to railroad
Puerto Rico legislation through Is when
Thomas Brackett Reed begins to bo
missed.
Work on the Uganda Railroad has been
so greatly delayed that It Is highly lm
probablo that Lake Victoria can ba
reached beforo the end of the year, as
Lord Salisbury predicted. Lions, tho
plague, the tsetse-fly, a strike and a sea
son of hot humidity have been the chief
obstacles, and there are about 2C0 miles
of road yet to build before Lake Victoria
Is reached.
Emperor William uses the most diversi
fied kinds of letter paper, and changes his
stylo often. The latest style In use by tha
Kaiser shows on the upper left corner the
Imperial eagle, surmounted by a crown
resting upon the famous Hohenzollern hel
met, from each side of wnlch fly streamers
bearing the German colors. In one of hls
claws the eagle bears the yellow Imperial
standard, and In tho other the purple flag
of the King ot Prussia.
J. H. Hale, of South Glastonbury, Conn.,
a high practical authority, thinks this Is
going to be a great fruit year. He flnd3
that the fruit trees of the country have
como through the Winter better than ever
before in his recollection, and he knows
of no considerable area where the growers
complain. Mr. Hale even guarantees tho
peach crop, and he Is the greatest peach
grower in the country, owning orchards
from Connecticut to Georgia.
When the Shah of Persia visits the Paris
Exposition he will be accompanied by two
ministers and by several Princes of tho
royal house. He expects to spend some
time at a watering place In the Caucasus,
before starting for Europe, and will ar
rive at Moscow on June 3. From Moscow
ho will go to St. Petersburg, then to Ber
lin, and next to Wiesbaden, or Homburg.
Ho will reach Paris In July. Before his
return he will visit London, Vienna and
Constantinople.
A venerable chef, who was the White
Houso cook when Lincoln was President,
Is In Bellevue Hospital, Manhattan, recov
ering slowly from starvation. John Jere
miah had saved money from some 30
years' work In various hotels and restau
rants, enough to keep him well through
life, but was bitten with speculation, lost
everything, and when he would havo re
turned to his profession he was forgotten.
His case Is a common one. He Is a Prus
sian, and his father was a famous ecole
of Kaiser Wllhelm I.
The death of ex-Senator Sawyer brings
to mind a story told him by a friend ot
his In Washington. Sawyer was a very
generous giver of charity and of presents,
which neither he nor the beneficiary would
have cared to denominate as charity,
though the gifts amounted to much tho
same. Ho told his friend one day that ho
was going to turn over a new leaf, and
try to keep his donations down to a limit
that would not exceed J1CCO a month.
Threo months after he had announced this
resolution his friend asked how he had
made out. "I started out pretty well."
he replied, "and If I hadn't given an old
friend of mine In Wisconsin, who had
struck hard luck. J10.000 last month, I
think I should have kept within the limit."
Those millions left by George Smith,
who died In London recently, have been
paying handsome toll to the Government
all ajong the line, from Chicago, whero
Smith made the most of his fortune, to
England, where he went Into retirement.
Tho British Government first took away
about J3.0CO.O0O of It In estate and Inheri
tance taxes. Then the United States Gov
ernment, under the war tax on Inheri
tances, camo forward, ,,ond demanded a
million or two Just how much Is uncer
tainfrom the principal heir, James Henry
Smith, who Is a resident of New York.
Finally New York State held out a hand
through Controller Coler. of New York
City, and has obtained J2.OOO.O0O on tho
James Henry Smith Inheritance of J40.000,
000 tho 3 per cent rate for collateral heirs
here prevailing, as George Smith left no
direct issue.
Tho existing easy-going methods ot
granting degrees in medicine prevailing In
many states has the effect of flooding tha
market with medical men. with corre
spondingly disastrous competitive results.
For example, the ratio of physicians to
population Is one to less than 600 in tho
United States, while In foreign countries
It varies from one to about 1100 in tha
British Isles to one to about $300 In Rus
sia. We are said to have In proportion to
our population four times as many physi
cians as France, five times as many as
Germany, and six times as many as Italy.
There are more medical schools In tho
United States alone than In countries
whose total population Is six times as
great, and yet few of these medical schools)
In the United States have endowments
corresponding to those so lavishly made
to other educational Institutions or In any
way proportioned to heir needs.
a t
To the Honest Llnr.
Josh Wink In Baltimore American.
Here's to the man who lies to us, who's cars
less ot the truth.
Who slaps us on the back and says. "Oeot How
'you hold your youth!"
VTho shrinks not at the future when he has a
lie to tell.
But when you're sick and tired and blue, de
clares, "You're looking well!"
Here's to the man who tells us lies when sol
emn truth would hurt.
Who says. "I'll back you through and through.
If It should take my shirt."
Who. when you're "off and cannot writs Juit
as you think you should.
Will tune you up for better things with.
That's what I call good!"
Or. when you paint a picture that is wrong ta
every part.
Will make you think the daub Is great by say
ing. "Now. that's art!"
He lies but It's In charity. If lying ever was.
So, here's his health, for. though he lies, he's
"aomat when ha does.
i