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THE MORSnta OTiEGONIAN, : SATURDAY, "APRITJ ' 14; KFOG.','
to refiomoti
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PORTLAJTD, SATURDAY, APRIL 14.
THE PROPOSED ASIEXDMEXTS.
From one declaration contained In
the state Republican platform The Ore
gonlan dissents. That Is the declara
tion which assumes to pledge the party
to support of the Constitutional amend
ment for an increase of the number of
Justices of the Supreme Court from
three to five. This cannot be a party
matter. The Oregonlan Is of the opin
ion that such Increase ought not to be
made. The simple way to relieve the
Supreme Court Is an act of the Legisla
ture cutting off appeal of petty cases
for small sums.
The Oregonlan feels It to be Its duty
to warn our farmers, laborers, busi
ness men and owners of property
against this amendment, which doubt
less will have the support of a class
tf politicians and small lawyers who
thrive on litigation, and do not want
any measure adopted that will decrease
It and Interfere with their "business":
but contrariwise, want this amendment
of the Constitution as a means of pro
moting and Increasing it.
Already the laws of the state give too
much encouragement to litigation.
They Invite contentious persons to goto
law on small causes, and even trifling
, pretexts, throwing upon the public the
greater part, and often the whole, of
the burden. This machinery of Judi
ciary already Is much too elaborate.
The Supreme Court Is said to be behind
In Its business. Then let the Legisla
ture relieve It by cutting off appeal In
petty cases.
Five amendments of the Constitution,
proposed by the Legislature, are now
pending, and are to be voted on In
June. The Oregonlan hopes all of them
will be rejected. The men who made
the Constitution of Oregon knew what
they were about. Their work Is the
result of a profound study of Consti
tutional systems: and The Oregonlan
humbly thinks that no Improvement
can be made upon It, yet these many
years. Certainly, during more than
forty years, this Constitution has car
ried us safely: and we do not believe
there Is any demand from any consid
erable number of our people for amend
ment of It. The Oregonlan has as yet
seen no proposed amendment which. In
Its Judgment, would not mar It. un-
Jess It be the one to strike out the
clause mat roroias free negroes to en
ter the state: and. Inasmuch as this
clause Is and always has been a dead
letter. It may still be disregarded, aa
It has ever been. Let us put a quietus
on this craze for amendment of the
Constitution by setting the word "No"
against every one -of the batch.
PUERTO RICO AND PARTY ACTIOS.
Beyond any doubt there was an over-
w helming sentiment of opposition In
the State Republican Convention to the
Puerto Rico tariff bill. The reason
why members did not assert it was be
cause a part of the delegation In Con
gress had supported the bill; and as
.Mr. Moody was still to be nominated.
presslon against the bill was omitted.
tgely because of a desire to avoid em-
rassment or him. The Republicans
fOregon do not approve the policy of
Irdening commerce between the
united States and its new insular pos
sessions with tariffs, and only tolerate
vhat has been done thus far In that
lrection because the tar has been
made small and because they intend
and believe the error will be corrected.
This legislation was not merely for
Puerto Rico. The great shadow that
looms up behind the scene Is the Phil
ippine Islands. A resolution was pre
pared for presentation to the conven
tion, to this effect we quote the sub
stance, as we have not the copy:
We agree with the statement made br the
President In hla message last December that
the markets of the United States should be
opened up to the products of Puerto Rico. Our
plain duty Is to abolish all customs tariffs be
tween the United States and Puerto Rico, and
to give her products free access to our mar
kets; and we demand that the same policy
shall be adopted as to the Phlllpplno Islands,
as soon as military conditions will permit.
This undoubtedly was the sentiment
of the convention. Such a resolution.
Introduced, would have gone through
with a rush: but for party harmony,
and above all In consideration of the
fact that Mr. Moody, who had voted for
the Puerto Rico bill, was still to be
nominated, the resolution was with
held. Whether this was wise or not.
The Oregonlan does not presume to say.
What It does say, however, with posi-
tlveness, and without reserve. i3 that
the people of Oregon do not approve the
policy of burdening commerce between
the United States and its new Insular
possessions with tariffs, and will not
consent to Its continuance.
The New York Journal of Commerce
I has made an elaborate study of the
"first year's trial" of the consolida
tions, or trusts, and finds that "proflte
are generally less than were expected."
Many of them have had their annual
meetings and submitted reports. As a
rule, the results have been gratifying
to stockholders, but. In some cases, the
outcome has been disappointing. Few
of the "preferred" stocks, have touched
par. In not a lew cases the combined
values of preferred and common stock
are less than par of the preferred. The
predicted values have not been realized.
Indeed, many of the industrials that
were seized with avidity when first
Issued are now neglected and have
fallen to low figures. The excessive
bonuses of common stock given to hold
ers of "senior" securities seem to have
weighed down the whole list. From
Use point of view of the underwriter,
the profit on the various consolidations,
as measured by present prices. Is mod
erate. In most cases the common stock
has to be added to the preferred to
make the latter worth par. Often the
profit is no more than would have been
got out of old-fashioned Investments.
In some cases there are severe losses.
All this in good times when demand ex
ceeds supply. When the present wave
of prosperity ebbs and manufacturers
have to scramble for business at re
duced prices. Industrial stocks will, it
is thought, fore badly. "It Is the opin
ion of some financiers," says the Jour
nal, "that when this test Is applied the
task of reorganization which has only
recently been completed on an enor
mous scale In the railroad properties of
the country will have to be repeated In
the new industrials.' "
TRUSTS.
Such consideration of any public
question as proceeds upon an unreason
ing and undlscrimlnating wholesale de
nunciation adds nothing to the sum of
human knowledge or to clearer appre
hension of political ways and means.
The man who merely proposes to ride
up against all trusts promiscuously,
like Don Quixote against the wind
mills, not only falls In intelligent com
prehension of his task, but stands in
danger of doing more harm than good
through his blundering warfare. This
Is the unreasoning and undlscrimlnat
ing campaign made against the trusts
by Mr. Bryan.
Little if anything good can be said
for the trusts, but they must be under
stood If they are to be Intelligently re
sisted. The error of Bryan Is quite
equaled by the error of some trust de
fenders In their endeavor to differen
tiate good trusts from bad trusts. This
Is an Impossible division: but a correct
classification is possible by setting on
one hand the operations of the trusts
that are legitimate and those opera
tions that are illegitimate. Some things
the trusts do cannot be successfully
attacked either by natural law or stat
utory law. A man has a right, for ex
ample, to sell his property or put an
option on it; and the promoter has a
right to what profit he can make on the
successful enlistment of capital In his
undertaken task. A firm has a right
also to discharge unnecessary employes
and to adopt other measures of econ
omy. An Individual, partnership or
corporation has the right to raise or
lower the prices at which it will part
with Its goods. These are rights which
every man reserves to himself. If
these were all the acts of the trusts,
their menace would be slight.
It Is when the trusts are permitted to
exercise undue powers and practice
abuses that they become dangerous.
"When their acquisitions of competing
plants are merged Into a monopoly, the
situation becomes one of grave antag
onism to public policy. When they are
enabled by a tariff to monopolize the
home market, the tariff Is accessory to
a crying Injustice to the whole body of
domestic consumers. When they com
bine with railroads to exert arbitrary
and unjust pressure on Independent
firms so as to crush competition, they
become amenable to discipline. When
their stocks are overcapitalized to a
point that amounts to swindling, dras
tic measures must be Invoked by com
mercial organizations or by lawmakers
and courts.
With these considerations In mind
we can see how senseless and puerile
Is bombastic denunciation of a trust
simply because It Is a trust, without
examination into the precise nature of
Its abuses or accurate adaptation of
partlcularjneans to special ends. We
shall see. "also. If we look a little far
ther, that most of these abuses. If not
all of them, are proper objects of eradi
cation, whether they are perpetrated by
individuals, partnerships, ordinary cor
porations or trusts. If the Standard Oil
Company should be all owned by the
Rockefellers. Its cruel war on Independ
ent competitors would be Just as iniqui
tous as If carried on by a so-called
trust. If the sugar trust should become
the exclusive, property of Henry O.
Havemeyer, Its nefarious operations
would In no degree be condoned. If
Mr. Carnegie were in himself the com
bined Iron and steel Interests of the
country, or Mr. Hanna the sole pos
sessor of our subsidy-seeking shipown
ers, the fact that the trust organiza
tion had been rendered unnecessary
would In no sense alter the distrustful
and anxious feeling with which those
aggregations of capital are Justly re
garded by the public
The reassuring thing most noticeable
at present In connection with the trusts
Is the fact that many of their abuses
are pretty certain to be reached effect
ively by natural law. This' does not
relieve the lawmakers and courts of
responsibility hut only goes to show
that their work may be easier than has
been feared. For example, the discov
ery that the earnings of promoters of
these industrial combinations are un
certain and small at best will inevi
tably tend to discourage their activity.
The manifest necessity for a period of
reorganization of the trusts, by which
capital will be wiped out. Just as capital
has Been wiped out In railway reor
ganizations, will check Investment on
the part of owners and custodians of
capital. Disasters to trust stocks will
Incite exchanges, banks, etc., to exer
cise closer scrutiny over the paper of
trusts and greatly circumscribe the
field of their operations. While the
lawmakers and courts are getting ready
to protect the unwary investor, the in
vestor himself will get his fingers
burned and through caution provide
his own protection. We see, too, as
with the flour and sugar trusts, that
inordinate profits of trusts are certain
to attract competitive capital into their
field In volume great enough to compel
reduction of prices "and division of
trade. The same difficulty appears to
greater or less extent In the mischiev
ous conspiracies made by trusts with
railroads to crush out small shippers.
The Independent road and the Inde
pendent factory are elements that must
be reckoned with, and upon occasion
will Inevitably Interfere with the plans
of monopoly.
Tet with due allowance for all these
correctives of natural laws, the duty of
lawmakers and courts Is imperative
and plain. The rights of the public as
consumers before the law are estab
lished In precedent and tradition so that
they can never be abrogated. Govern
ment's undertaking In these matters Is
more likely to be Increased than dimin
ished. Monopolies and all combinations
In restraint of trade are certain to be
reached through law at the Imperative
demand of public opinion. The Im
mense fabric of railway restrictive leg
islation ln the United States Is certain
to be paralleled In the near future by
an equal antl-trust or anti-monopoly
code, made up of State or Federal Con
stitutional enactments, statutes and
court decisions. Meanwhile, the one
absolutely Inexcusable dereliction of
Government Is perpetuation of laws di
rectly calculated to foster monopolistic
and predatory combinations. Chief of
such abuses Is a protective tariff on all
giant manufacturing enterprises that
are abundantly able to stand alone.
WITHOUT HISTORICAL, PRECEDENT.
, The simplicity of Admiral Dewey In
offering himself to the country as can
didate for President, without party and
without principles beyond the vague
assurance that his platform Is the
American flag. Is utterly without his
torical precedent In American politics.
General Jackson had been sent to the
United States Senate before he became
a soldier. He "was more a popular idol
of the masses of the West and South
than he was a soldier; a man sure to
be an extraordinary political force In
his day and generation, whether In war
or peace. So far from manufacturing
or forcing a political opportunity for
himself, Jackson was as much lifted up
by the people and borne Into the White
House as Grant was. In a far less de
gree General Harrison was a genuine
political force In the Middle West;
nevertheless, he was already the party
leader of his section as early as 1S3G.
when he obtained seventy-seven elec
toral votes. General Taylor was In no
sense a self-nominated man. Thurlow
Weed saw that Taylor's military suc
cess would make him a popular political
force nlth the North, white his posi
tion as a Louisiana slaveholder would
command the confidence of the South
Weed sounded Taylor on the subject
before he returned" from Mexico, and
tried to place Seward on the same
ticket as Vice-President, but the South
shrewdly preferred Fillmore. Weed did
not misjudge his man, for Taylor made
a good President: far better than Fill
more, who succeeded to the vacancy
caused by Taylor's untimely death In
office.
General Hancock was In no sense a
self-nominated candidate for office. He
stood for a genuine political force, and
was a very formidable candidate, who
was only beaten through the loss of
New York, where he obtained but luke
warm support from John Kelly, the
leader of the Tammany Hall Democ
racy. Hancock, like Clay In 1844, lost
New York and the election through dis
sensions In the ranks of his own party.
The view that Hancock was as simple
minded and artless as Dewey, because
he spoke of the tariff as a local ques
tion. Is not Just, for In his day the tariff
had always been treated practically In
every state as "a local question" In the
sense that In every state the tariff was
discussed In the light of the local In
terests of Its people. Hancock remem
bered that the Democratic candidate,
James K. Polk, obtained the 'vote of
Pennsylvania, a strong protection state.
In 1844, by pretending to favor the re
tention of the Whig high protective
tariff of 1842. Hancock clearly meant
to say that practically the tariff was
argued In every state as "a local ques.
tlon." and he was right. As late as
1892, when Cleveland was elected on the
platform of a tariff for revenue only,
the promise of the platform was broken
by the efforts of the Democrats repre
senting high protection states. Gen
eral Hancock was no political Igno
ramus; nor was he silly and weak
enough to offer himself as a candidate
through the public press. In the case
of Taylor, Scott and Hancock, nomina
tion through the deliberate action of a
great political party came to these mili
tary men, and It Is historical lnjustlc
to compare their dignified action In ac
cepting the gift of a great party with
the extraordinary conduct of Dewey In
announcing his readiness to be a can
didate If the people wanted him.
The truth is that Admiral Dewey
ceased to be a potential political force
very soon after his return from Manila,
and his childish efforts to place himself
In the list of probable Presidential can
didates by his own personal announce
ment that he was willing to be Presi
dent on the ground that he felt entirely
equal to a position that required no
superior brains for the discharge of It
duties, Is worthy of an Inmate of an
asylum for 'the harmless Insane. To
compare a man guilty of such political
fatuity with Taylor, Scott or Hancock
1b to insult the memory of distinguished
soldiers, who had good sense and per
sonal dignity enough not to behave like
a girl when she is described as "throw
ing her head" at a man not only before
he has asked her, but before he has
shown the slightest preference for her
society. As an act of personal weak
ness and political Imbecility, the action
of Admiral Dewey Is without precedent
In the annals of the country. The
painfull part of the whole business Is
that the historical fame'of Dewey can
not fall to be something obscured by
this latest performance of the Admiral,
and wp shall begin to believe that the
English naval critics are right when
they Insist that the victory of Manila
Bay was not a battle, but an execution.
It will never be quite so easy again
to think of Admiral Dewey as a naval
hero of superior quality. Strong men
have often been men of great moral
and Intellectual limitations, but It Is
hard to think of a really strong man
being so supremely silly. In his conduct
as Admiral Dewey. Creature courage
in battle Antony had, but your trui
hero Is of the quality' of Hector, who
never suffered his love for Andromache
to make an ass of him before the state.
Dewey Is the Humpty Dumpty of
American heroes. The frail egg of his
reputation has had a bad fall from the
top of the wall of public eminence, and
Is broken beyond restoration to Its for
mer shape and position.
Fifty years ago scarcely 100.0C0 Chi
nese were living outside their own
country. Thirty years ago Chinese
emigration was estimated at 2,500.000,
and ten years ago the number of Chi
nese living outside their own country
had increased to 6,000,000, and today It
Is estimated that 10,000,000 Chinese are
now living In other countries, over nine
tenths of them In Asiatic countries.
Wherever they go In Asia they are so
superior to the natives Jn energy. In
dustry and business faculty that they
are absorbing a great deal of the retail
and other trade of South Asia, as far
west as Calcutta. They have created
the prosperity of Singapore, o.wn two
thirds of the real estate In that city,
and provide some of the members of
the Legislative Council of this British
governed settlement. Most of the
coast trade from China to Burmah is
in. the hands of Chinese Immigrants,
who form three-fifths of the popula
tion ct Bangkok, the capital of Slam;
comprise most of the artisans of Java,
are prominent as retail merchants In
the Philippines, 20,000 of them living
In Manila. The Chinese are the lead
ing commercial class in French Cochln
Chl&a, and are found In large numbers
In the coast towns, of Burmah, There
are thousands of Chinese In Calcutta.
where the shoemaklng and carpenter
trades are monopolized try them. The
Chinese are, next to the Japanese, the
most energetic and enlightened of the
Asiatic races and are really a better
and more solid people in native busi
ness ability than the Japanese. The
Japanese" are warlike, while the Chinese
have been educated to value peace and
despise the arts of war. If the Chi
nese were a warlike as well as a com
mercial people, they would easily be
come the greatest people In all Asia.
Best service Is had from our mem
bers of Congress by keeping, them in
the position till they have had oppor
tunity to get acquainted with their du
ties and to learn the methods of their
work- There Is reason for the suppo
sition that a Representative may be
able to do better in his second than In
hla first term: and then, if he begins
to show a real adaptability, he ought
to be continued term after term. The
renomlnation of Moody now follows the
renomlnatlon of Tongue. It is attrib
ute of the faith of the people In these
Representatives, as well as recognition
of the fact that the policy of electing
the Representative for one term only
Is not the wise one for the district or
state. "
Wool Is the one product of Oregon
whose price is enhanced by protection.
There Is nothing in protection of hops,
lumber, wheat or meats, because we
export all these in great quantities to
foreign markets. The question- Is
whether the commercial restrictions of
innnnumhla Vlnrls tn which We are
subject through the .protective system
as -.. . VlevK o
ao not ODiige us o vy i" -price
for the protection of the single
commodity of wool. And, if the pro-
Mit" ovatom 1x trnlntr tn Ctlt off OUT
expectation of trade with the Philip
pine Islands, as It will n Kept in iun.o,
are we to give up expansion or protec
tion? .
It was not the purpose of the Statt
T?onhiifnn rvnvntinn to declare fot
construction of an lnter-oceanlc canal
at the "Isthmus of Panama," but at the
"Isthmus." THe Oregonlan has It upon
authority of the framer of the canat
resolution that the apparent aesigna
iinn nf a Tinrtictilnr route was a clerical
Inadvertence. The Republican party ol
Oregon Is entirely content inai ow
canal should be through Nicaragua or
through Panama. The vital thing Is to
hntr n. ranal bisecting the Isthmus.
Engineers, and not politicians, may se
lect the location.
Next Tuesday Louisiana will hold
it first election for Governor under
the new Constitution. The suffrage
clause of that Constitution requires
v,o in nrdpr to vote, a man must be
able' to read and write, or pay taxes on
$200 worth of property, or De a ae
scendant of a man who voted before the
war for the Union- These restrictions
will disfranchise a large majority of the
colored voters, while leaving the white
vote practically Intact,
Webster Davis, the pro-Boer enthusi
ast who has recently resigned from the
intoHnr Tpnartment. Is described as an
orator of the roof-ralslng sort. The
Springfield Republican says mat. nis
resignation from the Interior Department-
Is understood to be welcome both
to Secretary Hitchcock and Pension
Commissioner Evans, with the latter of
whom he has been In sharp collision In
an effort to appear as the special friend
of the old soldiers.
President McKInley Is a very dull
scholar, but he will leam after a while
who the representatives of party
power In Oregon are.
The Boers have sent out an urgent
roll for assistance. Will not Judge
.O'Day and Mr. D'Arcy kindly enlist at
once?
The Censor Held Up to Scorn.
New York Timca.
Away back In December last, the Times
had occasion to send to one of its corre
spondents In South Africa a letter of a few
lines in regard to his work. It was a
very simple and Innocent letter, beginning
with a little praise of articles already
received, continuing with a request that
the correepondent would avol the use
of abbreviations In his "copy" and date It
carefully, and ending with a gentle hint
that a good many features of the war
were covered by the cable dispatches, and
that mall adWces that would supplement
these without duplicating them would ba
most available. The letter contained ab
solutely nothing else no Information that
could be of the slightest aid or Injury
to either of the contesting armies, no In
citement o the discovery and revelation
of military secrets, and. above all, no
Intimation that wo wanted anything In
the World except accurate and legitimate
news. And yet that harmless communi
cation haa Just come back to us marked
on Its face "Stopped by censors-return to
sender." and pasted over one end, which
had been opened, was a slip of pink
paper, bearing the English arms, flanked
by the Initials "V." and "R." and be
neath them, in staring type, the inscrip
tion, "Opened under martial law." Now
we art not going to got at all excited
over this curious episode, and we do not
expect the authorities at Washington to
scream angry threats as to the terrible
things they will do If the English Gov
ernment doesn't Instantly and abjectly
apologize for interfering with our mall.
We do not even pretend that It made any
particular difference to us whether this
particular letter reached Its destination or
not. We only hope that our narration ot
the facts may reach the eyes of certain
powerful persons In London, and. by re
vealing to them that some of their under
lines arc acting In a very stupid manner,
lead to the Issuance of orders that will In
turn result In the exercise of some sort
of common senso by the South African
censors. If they deem It necessary to stop
all outsldo communication with that pari
of the world for a while, well and good,
but so long as anything paeses, letters like
ours should be allowed to do to. We may
mention that It Is the man at Durban who
seems to bo making all the unnecessary
trouble.
"Snplio" on the Stage Acnln.
i New York Tribune, April S.
After the late unpleasantness. Mint Olga
Kethersole and her company" resumed their
performances of "Sapho" at Wallack'a
Theater'last night. There were as many
people who attended outside the theater as
there were Inside. What satisfaction tho
crowds find In standing on the other sldo
of the street and watching the doors of
the theater whore "Sapho" Is played Is not
altogether easy to see. but there they
stand, and as long as they like It. It would
be cruel to deprive them of eo Innocent
and so Inexpensive an enjoyment. There
were also as many people Inside the the
ater as could get In. Mtss Kethersole and
h'er leading man, Mr. Revelle, were
enthusiastically applauded when they ap
peared. Miss Nethenole made a epecch.
In which she expressed her thaska to all
who had extended their kindness and sym
pathy to her In the late unpleasantness.
Toothful Classification.
New York Commercial Advertlsor.
In this household, the true and only
Vermont maple syrup has never lost Its
sweetness, and several times a week trots
the-head of the table paterfamlllaai pcur
out Judiciously measured quantities
of It on the plates of his children. To give
piquancy to the ceremony, he always x
plains that this time he la going to give
Bob an ostrich and Vaxle an antelope,
with something else? from the nursery
books for Teddy. On day the latter small
philosopher was seen to retrard the various
plates for a coneiderable apace of tuna
In silence, "What Is It. Edwardr' hK
mother asked,
"Nuffln." replied the hopeful. 'T'was
Just flnkln' that me an' Bob an' Mazte
alius seems to get birds an' snakes an'
flnga wis skinny legs, but pop he generally
gets a cVphant or a hlpperpoiamut."
ORIGIN OF STREET SAVES.
Hidden Slernllleaince In the Titles ot
Ke-w York Thorough fares.
Before men realized tho expediency of
numbering streets and avenues, the thor
oughfares of a great city were christened
like children, by those among whom they
were born, and named for some popular
Idol. Occasionally, however, there Is a
hidden significance, and, perhaps, an In.
tercstlng story, in the title of a street,
which tends to prove that, after all, there
may be something In a name, says th
New Tork Mall and Express.
The highest point on Cherry street was
at one time the scene of a pleasure gar
den, established by Richard Sackett, an
Englishman. In 1670. It was called Cherry
Garden, because of a fine orchard of cherry
trees which It contained. The original
road leading to the garden was on the
line of tho present Cherry street, and
irom mis lact tne latter took Its name.
Morris street, called Beaver lape until
ZSS. was named In honor of Robert Mor
ris, to whom General Washington was ai
deeply Indebted fdr funds with which to
buy supplies for the Continental armies
during the Revolutionary War.
The word bouwerle In Dutch means a
bower. Chatham square, tn the days ot
the original settlers, was a fenced Ire
closure for safeguarding cattle against th
marauding Indians. A path, which In
after years became a highway, led from
the Inclosure to the outlying bouwerlcs,
and was given the name of BouwerI
lane. It was changed In after years to
suit the English tongue, and called Bow
ery road, and, finally. In 1S07. when th
former lane began to assume the dignity
of a city thoroughfare, the "road" was
dropped and it became simply "The Bow
ery." Greenwich' street followed the old road
that led from Greenwich village to tba
city, and hence Its name.
Liberty street was known as Crown
street before the revolution. The change
of name was due to the antl-Brltlsh senti
ment that obtained after the colonies be
came a distinct government.
In 1822, when the terrible yellow fever
epidemic, which resulted In so many
deaths, raged In the lower part of Man
hattan, there was a great exodus to tht
healthier section west of Broadway, then
known as Greenwich Village. At that
time the present Banks street was a
country lane. It took Its present nams
from the fact that the large banks which
had moved from the eastern side of Broad
way during the epidemic opened their
doors on cither side of It.
Stone street was the flrrt street In New
York City paved with cobble stones:
hence Its name. The paving was done la
the year 1C57. Previously the thoroughfare
had been known as Brouwer street
Exchange place took Its name from the
Merchants' Exchange, the present Cus-tom-House,
which was completed In 1S27.
When war broke out between England
and Holland In 1653, Governor Peter Stuy
vesant built a fence along the present
line of Wall street to form a barrier, in
closing the city. It was 12 feet high, con
structed of wood, with a sloping breast
work Inside. The fence was removed In
1699, and thereafter Its site was called Wall
street.
William street was first known as Horse
and Cart street- It was named for King
William.
The name of Water street was evidently
taken from Its proximity to the North
Rtver. South street also got Its name
from Its locality.
Maiden lane was at once time a narrow
stream of water, where the women took
their clothing to wash -it. The pathway
along which they walked on the way t
the stream became known as the Virgin's
Path, and later was called by Its present
name,
Piatt street was called after Jacob S.
Piatt, who owned a great tract of land
and opened the street for his accommoda.
tlon in 1851.
John street was named for John IIar
pendlngh, who owned most of the proper
ty thereabouts.
Park row was for many years called
Chatham street In honor of William Pitt,
Earl of Chatham. The Board ot Alder,
men. for some Inconceivable reason,
changed the name to Park row In 1SS6.
Many other streets In what were form
erly New Amsterdam and Greenwich Vil
lage have titular significance, but the oc
casions ot their christenings have been
hidden by the years.
i i
Independent Spirit.
Indianapolis Press.
Heldbound What! Do you mean to tell
me you are going to vote the other ticket
thla year? Are you going to be branded
as a traitor to your party?
Fikkelmlnd Say. I changed my grocer
last week. Am I now branded as a traitor
to the old grocer?
-
The Cause.
Atchison (Kan.) Globo.
An Atchison woman who does all the
housework for a family of five, and who
n ntirtv nrmut once a month, has
broken down In health, arid the church
people say that she win never get wra
until she retires from society.
a
If Eve-..
Detroit Free Press.
Poor Poet If ever I get famous I wonder
what will be the first thing to happen.
Poor Poet's Wife I know; all the mag
azine editors that have abused you will
hop up and claim that they discovered
you.
hi f
Fate's WhlrltRlfC.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
"The original Ferris wheel Is to be sold
for Junk."
"That's a queer turn. Isn't It?"
i i
In the Sllddle of the Itoad.
Ilolman F. Day la Lewlston (Me.) Journal.
O. the sluldln's settln' rasseJ and lfa dodgs
and skip and skive.
Till It'a Jest an aervatlon for to try to atait
and drive.
Fust to this side, then to t'other her soma Ice
and there soma snos
Just contlnyal see and holler; fust "Qlddap."
and then It's "Whoa,"
Takes half a day to fit theTe, round by tray o'
Robin Hood.
Like aa not ye'H bust your rlcsln haulln' out
your bay and wood; ,
Taln't no way o' doln' bus'ness; 'tatn't no way
to haul a load
Ton must do your hefty haulla In th mlddls
ot the road.
If ye want to keep a-hoeln'
Better wait for settled coin'.
For twice tho heft soes easy In the middle of
the road.
O. In dealln's with your neighbor's brother,
sure's you are alive.
It's better to go straight ahead and never skip
and skive.
For the man who keepa a-dodgin' hack and
forth across the way
Like enough will and his outfit in the gutter.
stuck to star.
Till tho road Is clear and settled, till with can
dor In your heart
Tou can see your way before you, fuess ye
hadn't better start:
For to set there square and easy, and to lug
your honest load.
You'll find It'a best to travel In the middle of
the road
Bo'a to makean honest showln'
Better wait for settled goln.
Then. 8'r, hustle brisk and stlddy In the mid
dle ct ths road.
GOSSIP OF THr NATIONAL CAPITAL
WASHINGTON. April 9. As tho elec
tion of delegates to the Philadelphia con
vention progresses It Is observed that tbe
Administration ,men who will be conduct
ing that gathering, will face quite a seri
ous problem In the settlement of contests
from the South. Already the various fac
tions In the Southern States are rowing
with one another, and double-beaded dele
gations are coming from, various states and
districts. There probably will not be as
many contests as In 1896, but thero Is
likely to be more trouble In the settlement
of them. Anyone who knew the 'situation
In 1S96, and who recollects what transpired
before the national committee, and before
the convention, will remember that these
contests were settled on the question as
to whether the contestants were for or
against McKInley. The national commit
tee was fixed up for McKInley early in
the fight, and when the contested cases
were heanl. the committer found out
which sldo they were on by the attorneys
representing them, there being some Ohio
men who had all the cases In charge for
McKInley. Sometimes the opposing dele
gation would be for Allison, for Reed or
Morton, Irtl when the committee voted
It was always found that the opposing
delegation was thrown out, and the Mc
KInley delegation scared. The national
convention wholly under the control of
tho McKInley delegates ratified the action
of the national committee without going
into the merits ot the case at all. Now
each of the delegates that come up from
tho South will be slmon pure McKInley
men. Each will be shouting as being the
original McKInleyltes of the South, and
entitled to the protection ot tho friends
ot the Administration, who will be running
the convention. It will take some troublo
to decide between these various factions.
The "Won't Play" Doya or the Senate.
Referring to the manner in which tho
Senato treated Beverldge on the occasion
of hla speech, and the evident determina
tion to continue that sort of treatment
until Beverldge bos been disciplined, one
of the older members remarked: "The
Senate has' a way of sitting down on a
man It doesn't like. Tho Senators can
treat him well personally, and he Is shown
the usual conslderatlou m nearly every
matter, but there are a dozen little ways
In which the Senate can ignore and turn
the Senator down, which will make him
feel It, no matter how thick may be his
skin, or how determined he may be to
moke his standing before the Senate and
the people assured." While the Ssnate
may sit down on Beverldge. yet It hap
pens that he will attract a large crowd
whenever he talks, and he can always
secure galleries. If he cannot get atten
tion on tho floor of the Senate. It Is very
galling to a Senator with a reputation as
an orator to talk to empty benche?. but
he Is sure to find them waiting him If
he becomes as prominent early In the
session, as Senator Beverldge has. Bev
erldgo would havo done much better had
he stuck to the pl.ra he started out on
In tho first place, but he was whipped in
the samo as some of the other Senators,
who believe In the principle of free trade,
save In his case he made a great todo
about his desire to save the Republican
party In Indiana, and for a time he was
the active leader against the Puerto
Rican tariff.
Pension for Colonel Hobart.
A bill giving $36 monthly as a
pension has been passed In the
Senate on behalf of 'Ccionel Charics W.
Hobart, of Tacoma. Colonel Hobart
claims the honor of having published
tho first Republican newspaper In the
country. He has been active hi poll
tics for half a century and for
many years refused to ask for a
pension. Of late, however, his health
has broken and he Is .in a very deplorable
condition physically. A large number ot
his old political friends In the State of
Washington have Interested themselves in
his case and Senator Foster gave the mat
ter of securing special legislation much
attention In the Senate pension commit
tee. Colonel Hobart has participated In
many Republican conventions In the State
of Washington and for a long time was
secretary of tho Historical Society of
that state.
After the "War Department.
Senator Turner, of Washington, evi
dently "has It In" for the War Depart
ment. His resolution relative to mining
oft" Cape Nome created a great stir, and
it Is believed caused some little uneasi
ness In some, quarters. The only good
feature was that It brought before the
public the stand of the department In
that matter, and showed JUst what had
been done. But In other respects the Sen
ator has been stirring up the department.
Along towards the first of the session.
It will be recalled, he introduced a bill
to-pay all the volunteers who had served
In the Philippines beyond the term ot,
their enlistment a sum equal to the travel
pay and commutation ot rations from
Manila to San Francisco. This was a
graceful compliment to the volunteers,
and might perhaps have had the support
of many members of Congress. But In
the face of the coming Presidential elec
tion It was hardly to be expected that
any appropriation of the size required
by this bill would be authorized.
When adverse action was taken on this
bill. Senator1 Turner Introduced a resolu
tion calling on the War Department to
furnish a statement showing the amount
paid for actual traveling expenses and
subsistence and the names of the recip
ients thereof, and tho amount, if any.
paid as bounty or reward for re-enllst-ments
In the Phlllpplno- Islands. Just
what he hoped to gain by having this
Information can hardly be surmised, but
In face of the fact that the Senator an
nounces that the Wsr Department Is
more or less "rotten." It Is wondered
why he wanted this Information. As a
matter of fact, this last request was out
of all bounds of reason, as to furnish
thoso facts would require the work of
10 clerks for some months, as that force
would be the largest that could be ad
vantageously employed on such work.
It would also require tho return to the
Wnr Department of numerous papers and
accounts that have been filed In ths
Treasury Department. Tho Paymaster
General said that he thought the re
quest might be granted by the Treasury
officials, but the work Involved would
be so great that the results would not
Justify:
Cona-reasmen Seek Quid Pro Quo.
"I think it la about time I should cash
In my vote on the Puerto Rican tariff bill,
and get something done for the free
homes bill." said a member from one of
the Northwestern states. He has a
very large ceded Indian reservation In
his state, upon which many settlers have
gone, and they have been hanging on
for a number of years, hoping that Con
gress will finally make homesteads free
and save them from paying J2 SO per acre,
which the Government paid the Indiana
for the ands. Some one remarked to
this member that the free homes bill
would come up all In good time. "Yes,"
said be. "that may be so, but what good
will It do me If my convention turns me
down, when the passage of this bill would
save me?" Quite a number of men who
put their heads into the lion's mouth
by voting for the Puerto Rican bill are
now asking the Speaker and the com
mitter on rules, composed of Henderson.
Payne and Dalzell, the men wbo are
responsible for the Puerto Rican. bill, to
give them recognition, and to give them
a show with some of the legislation that
their states want, in order to offset the
effect their votes have created "In their
districts. Whether Henderson will do
so or not Is hard to say. He Is Just as
obstinate as Reed when he gets started,
and there Is a decided Inclination among
many of his close advisors to prevent the
passage of the tree homes bill at this
session, although they recognize beyond
all question that It has a very large ma
jority In the House and will pass a
soon as it is caiiea up.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
The Democratic Senators in Kentucky
will not wear any Taylor-made togas.
Wa will not be able to call It a free-for-all
Presidential race till Pennoyer get
Into It.
McKInley took care that the only wit
nesses to his signing the Puerto Rico bill
were confidential friends.
The Silver Republicans didn't have any
row over choice of delegates to the Na
tional convention. They were all elected.
An Ohio woman dropped dead while
playing a cabinet organ. The mortality
In cases of this kind la usually confined to
the listeners.
Kansas City needn't be In such a hurry
about that convention hall. Bryan'a
chances will be Just as good If he ls.nom-
lnated In a tent.
The sword is not sufficiently effectlv
for the Empress Dowager of China, 6ho
needs a self-binding harvester to mow
down her victims.
Kipling will have to do better than ho
has done lately If he wants to get the
Job of writing campaign songs for tho
American parties this year.
An Eastern poet has Inherited a-fortune.
He will probably buy some of the maga
zines to which he has been trying to
contribute, and discharge the editors.
Tho huge sandstone nodule, weighing 600
pounds, which L. L. Hawkins lately placed
In the City Museum, Is not so lonesome
as it was. for there is now a baby nodule
there, which looka as much like the old
one as one pea looks like another.
Whether there will be any more or not
remains to be seen, but if tho little one is
to be raised and grow to the size of the
old one, some one will 'have to provide
a nursing bottle and a supply of sand,
or whatever food nodules live on.
Some of ex-Secrotary Bliss' most Inti
mate friends deny that ho seeks the Re
publican nomination for Vice-Presldeht,
His disinclination to accept such an honor
Is based on the same reasons which led
him to resign his seat in tho cabinet. Mr.
'Bliss Is well along in years, his wife Is
an Invalid and his daughter has no relish
for life at the National capital. Moreover.
his large business connections require that
he pass a great part of his time in New
York City.
It Is announced that James M. Arnold.
who served as a Colonel In the Confeder
ate Army. Is to be Initiated as an asso
ciate member of Noyes-McCoolc Post, G
A. R,, of Cincinnati. This Is a decided
Innovation. It has been many tlme3 ob
jected that so strict were the regulations
of the Grand Army that men who had
been conscripted Into the Confederate
service, escaped from it. Jo'ned the Union
Army and fousht faithfully, were refused
admission to the G. A. R. on account of
their involuntary Confederate servlc?. Tha
case of Colonel Arnold, who was a Con
federate soldier throuRhout. rliing from
a noncommissioned offlccr to a Colon-!,
shows a considerable relaxation of condi
tions, and all men who s'rvsd In tho
United States vo'unt'-e:s shou'd certainly
be admitted, even if they had at soma
period borne arms for the Confederacy.
Coranlaints are numerous in regard to
bicyclists riding on the sidewalks in the
evenings without lamps or bells. Some
pedestrians, however, say they would
rather take their chancea of beln run
over than be annoyed b the whistling
and ringing of bells by bicyclists coming
up behind them. Of course, the majority
of wheelmen are sensible persons, and
have some respect for thi rights ot oth
ers, but there are a few hoodlums and
messenger boys who appear to thmk that
they have the right of way on the side
walk, and that when they whistle or ring
a bell every one mut Jump to get out of
their way. One of these nuisances under
took the other day to crowd a Govern
ment official off a crossing, and was
promptly and properly knocked oft his
wheel. He was Inclined to assert his right
to the road, but. seeing that he was likely
to get a thumping, acknowledged that he
was In the wrong, and promised to do bet
ter for the future. All decent bicyclists
are as much delighted as pedestrians to
seo such Impudent hoodlums chastised.
The Irish to Their Qneen.
"An Irishman" in London Chronicle.
Och! Is it thruth tls-yTe tetlin usl Tho news
Is Roln' round.
That It's yourself wtll see again, yourself oa
Irish ground!
Long years ago we welcomed you. when Ul
was near the start
When health and strength wero la your step
an' Joy was In your hoart.
An' now hen years an" throuble lay their
load upon your hefed.
Think not there's ca.use to be afearrf your
welcome will be dead.
There's ne'er a wan would wish to lift a
linger to your hurt.
There's ne'er a wan would dlp.a quill toisplat-
ther you with dirt.
In this dMhressMl country, shore, the maa
was nlver seen
Would, vex a woman on In years, a. woman
an' a queen.
Had we hoult of that maao scut that ple-
thureC you with scorn.
It's proud we'd be to make him rue the day
that he was born.
He'd nher draw another slur, nor ate aaothez
frog.
He'd wake to find himself one day wea
drowned in a bog.
We thank you for the kind, soft worda toboys
beyond thr foam:
The craythurs will be plased to know we'rs
proud of them at home.
They'll sport the shamrock In their caps, by
order of the Queen.
An' proudly play on Pathrlck's day "The
Wearln' of the Green."
They bore the brunt, they tuk the front (thelt
mate an" drink a row).
But troth wo're feared that. If theyre.SFared.
consate will kill them now.
. i
The Ideal Xevrapaper.
London Punch.
(Mr. Charles 31. Sheldon was entrusted with
the editorship of the Topeka Dally Chronicle
for a week. He was to edit It entirely accord
Ins to his own Ideas. The experiment has
proved an unmitigated fiasco. Dally Paper.)
When I took the Press, as a mlddle-aced man.
(Said I to Ri) self said I.)
Til work on a new and original plan.
(Said I to myself said I.)
I'll cut out the columns ot crime and divorce,
I never will mention the name of a horse.
And the betting we'll stop as a matter of
course,
(Said I to myself said I!)
Then politics, too. are ephemeral things.
(Said I to myself said L)
And so are the doings of Qjeens and Klng3,
(Said I to myself said L)
And war Is so wicked that I will refuse
To print In my paper who win and who lose
In short. I'll abolish all manner of news,
(Said I to myselt-sald II)
But I'll till up my columns with temperance
facts,
(Said I to royself-ald I.)
And temperance meetings and temperance
tracts,
(Said I to myselt-sald L)
And, as for my leaders, no grave D. D.
Can write better sermons, as you will agree,
IVhlle In each little par. lot a text then
shall be,
(Said I to mystlf-eald It)
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