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THE MOBNING OREGONIAtf. THURSDAY, MAEGH 29, 1900.
MADE A POOR CASE
Congressional Investigation of
Macrum's Charges. '
STATEMENT OF THE EX-CONSUL
He Depended on Hearsay Evidence
Secretary Hay's Letter on the Ofll
clal Side of the Cane.
WASHINGTON, March 28. Charles E.
Macrum, of East Liverpool, O., the Amer
ican ex-Consul at Pretoria, appeared be
fore the House foreign affairs committee
today and told of the alleged, indignities
he suffered at the hands of the British
during his incumbency. When he gave
out his statement here some "weeks ago,
declaring that his official mail had been
opened by British officials. Representative
Wheeler, of Kentucky, introduced a reso
lution for an Investigation. -It was sub
sequently arranged that the foreign af
fairs committee should take the matter
up of its own motion without any direc
tion from the House, and Macrum was
summoned to Washington to testify.
There were many visitors in the committee-room
when Chairman Hltt called
the committee to order. Macrum was
asked by Chairman Hitt to make such
statement as he saw flt regarding the
opening of his mall by the British censor.
In opening, Mr. Macrum recalled the state
ment he had made some time ago to the
Associated Press. The statement, he said,
practically embodied all he had to say.
He explained that when he asked for
leave of absence, he desired to come home
for private business reasons, and also be
cause he' desired to place before the
United States Government certain facts
which he deemed it essential should be
known here. He understood, he said, that
the British had possession of the cable
cipher. He was not certain of this, but
he had since had Information which con
vinced him that his suspicions were cor
rect. He also desired information as to
Ills course when the settlement came at
the end of the war. Further, he had a pe
tition from some American residents in
the Transvaal asking that the United
States maintain absolute neutrality, which
he wanted to present to the State Depart
ment. The petition he read to the com
mittee. It was signed by Gordon, the Con
sular Agent at Johannesburg.
Asked as to when he was first satisfied
that his mail was being tampered with,
he said that war was declared October 12.
He did not receive any mail between that
date and the second week in November.
Ordinarily, he had a box of mail every
week.
"Did other people receive-mall during
that period?" asked Congressman "Will
iams. "Not that I know of," replied Macrum.
Pressed for specific Information as to
how he got the intimation that the Brit
ish were opening and delaying his mail,
he stated that when his mall did not come
he telegraphed our Consul at Lourenco
Marques, requesting him to inquire of
Cape Town why it was being delayed.
The Consul at Lourenco Marques replied
that he also had received no mall. Mr.
Macrum said the delay of his mall created
a conviction in his mind that the British
authorities were responsible. The first
actual evidence he had was the receipt
of two opened letters. He produced the
envelopes, which he said contained those
letters. One wag from a private citizen
addressed to the United States Consul at
Pretoria, and the other was to him by
name, from Consul Stowe, at Cape Town.
Congressman William Alden Smith In
terrogated the witness sharply on the
reasons for stating his belief that the
British authorities had possession of the
State Department's cipher code. Macrum
said he could not affirm that fact from
actual knowledge, but there were certain
facts which convinced him that such was
the case. He explained that November 6
he cabled the State Department in cipher,
asking for a leave of absence. That mes
sage had gone through Durban. The next
day, November 7, he said, he had been In
formed a newspaper at Durban printed
the fact that he had asked for leave of
absence.
Smith proceeded to interrogate Macrum
as to the character of the code used by
him In this dispatch, especially as to
whether he had used what was known as
the "Slater code," a common code pur
chaseable anywhere. Hitt thought it im
proper to touch the matter of the code
employed by the Government, but it was
finally agreed that no harm could come
from a direct reply, as to whether the
Slater code was used.
"The message," said Macrum, "was sent
in the State Department's cipher of the
Slater code."
"And you claim the substance of that
dispatch was made public?" asked Smith,
"I do."
"Where?"
"In Natal."
"Was it an accurate publication?"
"I do not know."
Macrum said he had never seen the pub
lication. He had only been informed that
the fact that he had asked leave of ab
sence had been printed. He affirmed that
no one knew of this fact save himself.
At this polrij, Congressman Howard In
terposed the utility of the examination of
Macrum. "It looks' to me," said he, "like
an effort to concoct a sensation out of
nothing." But the committee decided to
proceed, and in reply to some questions
from Burleson, Macrum stated that he had
been granted leave of absence by Secre
tary Hay, November 15.
He read to the committee a message
from the cable company saying a clphei
cable sent by him to the Secretary of State
November 14 had been held up by the mill
tary censor until December 2.
Asked If other Consuls nad suffered any
inconvenience in the matter of communi
cating with their-home governments, Ma
crum said they had. The Belgian and
German Consuls both told him that no
cipher telegrams were allowed to go
through.
"Did you report to the State Department
that your mall had been opened?" asked
Congressman Berry-
"I did not"
"Did you mention it upon your arrival
in "Washington?"
"I did not."
"Why?"
"I would prefer not to answer that ques
tion." This Teply raised a general laugh In the
committee-room.
Congressman Adams then proceeded to
cross-question Macrum rather severely
upon the duty of a Consul to remain at
his post during a complication.
Macrum described an alleged meeting
between President Steyn, of the Orange
Free State, and Consul Stowe, of Cape
Town, at which he was present. In which
he said Steyn was very anxious that
Stowe should do something to settle the
difficulty which was brewing. He said
that President Steyn suggested an appeal
to the President of the United States, and
that Mr. Stowe had replied that he would
be glad if some such thing could be done.
"And I have reason, to believe that the
question was submitted to the President
of the United States," added Macrum,
"and that he returned an unfavorable re
ply." "What makes you say that?" Inquired
Hitt.
"I was told so by Colonel Stowe."
"What that statement in writing?"
"It was."
"Have you the letter?"
"No. It Is in the files of the Pretoria
Consulate."
After further questioning, Macrum said
he might have a copy of the letter; ho
could not say positively. Subsequently
he said he thought he could produce It In
a short time.
Macrum went over the exchange of tele
grams with the State Department rela
tive to his leave, but as there were in the
cipher of the Department, the committee
did not call fcr them.
He stated that his reason for not making
a reoort to the State Department on the
conditions In South Africa was that when
he called on Secretary Hill, he said to
Mr. Hill he understood he had been re
lieved. Mr. Hill responded that this was
true. Under such circumstances, Macrum
said he had no report to make to the De
partment. He endeavored, however, to
see the Secretary of State, but was told
that Mr. Hay was out.
After hearing Mr. Macrum, the commit
tee went into executive session. Chair
man Hitt presented a letter from Secre
tary Hay, giving In detail the Depart
ment's view of the subject. The commit
tee took no action as to making a report.
and it was stated by members of the com
mittee there was nothing to be done ex
cept the taking of testimony.
Secretary Hay's letter.
Secretary Hay's letter, giving the of
ficial view of the case. Is as follows:
"Washington, D. C, March 24, 1900.
Hon. R. R. Hitt, Chairman Committee on
Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives
Sir: In response to your inquiry of
this morning, I have the honor to report
that up to this date, Mr. Macrum, the
Consul of the United States at Pretoria,
has made no representations to this De
partment in regard to the opening of his
mall by the British authorities. Al
though without any Information except
tho allegations of Mr. Macrum, to which
a reference was made in a resolution of
the House of Representatives, making cer
tain inquiries of this Department, I men
tioned the matter to the British Ambas
sador, who made Inquiry In regard to It
of tho British Government, and was In
formed in return that the British Govern
ment was not aware of any such Incident
having taken place, but if anything of the
sort had occurred, it was contrary to the
instructions of that Government.
"I received no further Information In
regard to the matter, unll the 21st of this
month, when this Government was in
formed by a dispatch from Mr. J. G.
Stowe. Consul of the United States at
Cape Town, that 'two letters from this
Consulate, one to Pretoria and one ta
Lourenco Marques, were opened by the
censor at Durban. Upon notice of this
I called upon the High Commissioner, who
wired Durban, and a very satisfactory
apology was returned.' inis is an me
information possessed by this Department
In regard to the Incident.
"In reference to certain allegations as
to our Consuls In South Africa having
been approached with suggestions of me
diation, I have the honor to reply that In
a dispatch of the 3d of October, received at
this Department on the 6th of November,
and the only one on our file relating to
this matter, Mr. Stowe reported as fol
lows: " 'Under date of September 26 I received
from the United States Consular Agent at
Bloemfonteln, O. F. S.. a letter, which
read as follows: "I saw President Steyn
this afternoon, by his request, and he
would like to have you find out If your
(my) Government will consent for you to
act as arbitrator, and if you can also
find out If the High Commissioner would
also consent. The President appears to
think whatever Is done should bo done at
once, and wishes to know It you can give
him this Information."
" 'I replied by wire as follows: "I will
reply by wire to your letter of the 26th
this afternoon." After giving the above
request careful consideration, I called up
on the High Commissioner the same date
and In the course of conservation, said:
"When I dined with you the other day
you stated your Government would never
consent to arbitration by outside powers
or representatives, and your published dis
patches so state. Are you of the same
opinion?" and he replied: "What I might
like to do I cannot do now, as my hands
are tied." Then I told him In substance
what I had been asked by the President
of the Orange Free State, and the High
r"Trm:fnnr mid? "Please state the fol
lowing as your reply," which he dictated,
and which appears in tne louowing copy
of my telegraphic dispatch to the United
States Consular Agent at Bloemfonteln, in
the words underlined to which I added the
first five words not underlined: "Cannot
ask Government myself. Seen party re
quested. Though personally favorable to
further negotiations, thinks he canno.
move on the line proposed."
" 'Believing it a courtesy due to United
States Consul Macrum, at Pretoria, I sent
the following dispatch, same date: "Was
asked by the Free State to ask if our
Government would consent for mo to arbi
trate and to see tho High Commissioner,
and replied:" (Here follows the above dis
patch.) Dispatches sent In code.
" 'I also deemed it right to post Con
sul Macrum as above, not only for the
reason that the Orange Free State 13 in
his jurisdiction, but for the further reason
that he had said In a communication to
me of the date, "Nothing can be done here
for peace unless matters settled your end.
Over 1000 men sent to border last night; If
anything done must be done quickly; the
High Commissioner should do something
for peace."
" 'It was a question In my mind If 1
ought to take any action at all on the
request of the Orange Free State Presi
dent, but the High Commissioner said to
me afterward that I had acted right and
hnt hi war cTfttftfnl at mv action.'
"As you also inquired what there waa
on file in regard to the departure of Mr.
Macrum from his post at Pretoria, I havo
ti hnnnr tft lnfnr-m vnn tTint rrt tYin
7th Mr. Macrum telegraphed requesting
lutely Imperative; private and official busi
ness. Americans fighting. Attlebury,
American, take charge. Cable quickly.'
To this I replied: 'Your presence Pretoria
utmost Importance to public interests.' Ho
then, on the 11th of November cabled:
'No reply. Department will approve leave
on explanation. Imperative. Cable Imme
diately.' The next day he cabled again:
'Cable received. Everything quiet. Attle
bury capable, experienced. My presence
home absolutely necessary.'
"On the 18th he cabled once more: 'Three
cables requesting leave unanswered. Sub
stitute sufficient here, but not at home.
Please cable acquiesce quick. Ship sailing
on the 20th of November.' I answered:
'Your pre-ence Pretoria important to pub'
lie'
"On the 1st of December. Mr. Macrum
once more cabled me: 'Department will
approve leave on explanation. Impera
tive. Cable Immediately,' and again, same
date: 'If can't leave without permission
Will forfeit DQSt if deDartmpnt Ann' nn-
prove on explanation. Please reply.'
"Upon this, inferring from thes-2 dis
patches that Mr. Macrum was In a state
of mind which would make his services in
Pretoria useless, I answered on the 2d of
December: 'Ypu may come home. Put
Attlebury temporarily in charge. Depart
ment will send .a man from here.
"Soon after this I received several news
paper articles and letters from responsible
persons asserting that Attlebury, whom
Macrum wished to place temporarily In
charge of the Consulate, was a person ol
disreputable character and a fugitive from
Justice. I, therefore, directed Mr. Hollls,
Consul at Lourenco Marques, to proceed
at once to Pretoria and take temporary
charge of the Consulate until the arrival
of Mr. A. S. Hay, who had been appointed
Consul. I am, sir, very truly your obe
dient servant, JOHN HAY."
A Temperance Exhibit at Paris.
Scottish American.
Tho World's Woman's Temperance
Union will have an interesting exhibit at
the Paris exhibition, showing the progress
made In tho cause of temperance by their
organization. There are 55 countries and
colonies affiliated with the Union, and
each is to send literature In its own lan
guage for free distribution. A temper
ance cafe will al6o be a feature of the
temperance pavilion which will be erected.
i a
When you suffer from sick headache,
dizziness, constipation, etc., remember
Carter's Little Liver Pills will relieve you.
One pill is a dose.
WHAT HE SAW IN GUAM
GENERAL WHEELER'S REPORT TO
THE IfAVY DEPARTMENT.
Products of the Inland, Its Fertility,
Climate and Drlnlclnic Water
Some Leprosy There.
WASHINGTON, March 2S. General
Wheeler has submitted to the Navy De
partment a report upon his observations
and impressions on the Island of Guam.
He. says the area of the Island Is about 15
square miles, of which one-half Is sus
ceptlblo of cultivation, although only
about 1 per cent Is now under cultiva
tion. The population Is fixed at about
9000 souls, nearly all of whom reside in
the towns.
The soil Is very fertile, and fruits and
staples are produced in quantity, the co
coanut trees especially having an ap
pearance of thrift and bearing power
superior to any seen In the tropics. The
dugdug and other bread fruit trees grow
to an enormous size In the. Island.
Deer and wild goats are found In
abundance. Flying foxes are numerous,
and form one of the principal staples of
food. Centipedes, wasps, large spiders
and a species of small scorpion are com
mon, but their bite or sting is not dan
gerous. There are no tarantulas and no
snakes.
The principal and, in fact, the only In
dustry of any consequence in Guam is
the production and exportation of copra,
the product in England selling for $75 a
ton.
The towns of the Island are very neat
and complete, a good portion of them be
ing built of stone and tho rest of nlpa
and bamboo. The roads, with few excep-,
tlona, become very had In the wet sea
con, but as all towns are on the coast,
sea travel Is always available. There la
very little money on the island and wages
aro low.
The temperature Is mild, and much
cooler than that of the Philippines, al
though the inhabitants declare the heat
in August and September is almost suffo
cating. The rainfall is very heavy and
dry days are few. Monsoons are felt
with violence for three months of the
year, but hurricanes are comparatively
rare. Earthquakes ar tolerably frequent.
It had been stated that in the south
western part of Guam leprosy was prev
alent, but there are few traces of this
dread disease now, although one or two
persons were encountered who had the
appearance of lepers.
The people are very friendly and as
a whole have regular features and erect
forms. ,
To the drinking water on the island is
attributed a great amount of sickness
among others than natives, and a plant
for distilling water has been erected at
Agana, the principal town. Agana has
about WOO Inhabitants, and is described
as being a clean, well-kept little city.
PHILIPPINE MISSIOXARY WORK.
Bishop Potter on Religions Situation
In the Islands.
NEW YORK, March 23. Writing In the
Churchman on "The Religious Situation
In the Philippines," Bishop Potter says:
"It may be asked: Is It worth while to
send missionaries to the Filipinos? Arc
they not largely, as we have been told,
a Christian people, with churches, schools,
ministers of religion and the like? Is It
worth while to Intrude upon them teach
ers and teachings which they have been
taught to regard as of the devil (some
of the recent pronunclamentos of tho
Archbishop of Manila are. In this connec
osltles), and so to begin the work of a
ositlcs) and so to begin the work of a
higher civilization by Inflaming religious
prejudices and by awakening violent re
ligious controversies?
"I confess It seems to me that this, will
be a question for the Filipinos as well
as American citizens to answer. If they
want such teachers, then, certainly, un
der our system of government, they are
entitled to have them, and no wise Ameri
can, under whatsoever pretext, will at
tempt to Interfere with their doing so.
Already there Is a remarkable Interest In
the work of the church, not only among
Filipinos, but among Chinese and others,
and the church has qualifications for mis
sion work In these Islands which other
Christian bodies have recognized. But be
yond what Is already under way, a de
nominational propaganda of various types
would at present bo only misleading and
confusing.
"The Filipinos must first understand
what Americanism mean6. They are at
present so largely In the dark as to our
Institutions and those great Ideas of po
lltlcal and religious freedom upon which
they rest, that the perfectly well meant,
but not always considerate, presentation
of the truth by those whose attltudels one
of strong antagonism to the teachings and
Institutions of Rome, would only be In
flammatory and unsettling, and might end
In a situation in which the Illusions of the
old faith had been destroyed without the
substitution of anything better.
"In the meantime it ought to be dis
tinctly understood that henceforth In the
Philippines any man may worship God
according to his own conscience, and If
he is so minded, to invite others to unite
in doing so with him."
Admiral "Watson Starts for Home.
MANILA, March 2S. Rear-Admiral
Watson, on board the Brooklyn, has de
parted for Hong Kong, where he is ex
pected to transfer his command to Rear
Admlral Remey.
The Snrarlcal Ant.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch.
The native Brazilian, far removed as
he usually Is from doctors and surgeons,
depends upon a little ant to sew up his
wounds when he is slashed or scratched.
This odd creature Is called the surgical
ant, from the use to which It Is put.
The ant has two strong nippers on his
head. They .are his weapons for battle or
foragej
When a Brazilian has cut himself, fcr
example, he picks up an ant, presses the
nippers against the wound, one on each
side, and then gives the bug a squeeze.
I The indignant Insect snaps his nippers to
! gether, piercing tho flesh and bringing
tne lacerated parts cicee togetner. xne
Brazilian at that moment gives the ant'a
body a Jerk and away It files, leaving the
nippers embedded In the flesh. To be sure.
that kills the ant, but Me has served his
, most useful purpose In life. The oper
ation is repeated until tne wound is sewed
up neatly and thoroughly.
a
American Mall Not Censored.
NEW YORK, March 28. A special to
the Herald from Washington says:
It is learned from excellent diplomatic
authority that the United States Is the only
nation whose official mail to and from
Pretoria Is not subject to the scrutiny
of the British censors In Cape Town and
Durban. On the other hand. Great Brit
ain recently notified the powers that. In
accordance with article S of the Paris Con
vention of 1877, she Intended to exercise
her discretion with referenceWo stopping
cable messages Intended for Pretoria.
It was this declaration which caused
Russia to ask the United States for an
expression of Its views, not for any use
at this time, but for the guidance of the
St. Petersburg Government In tho fu
ture. Mistakes of Authors.
Scottish American.
Dickens in "Nicholas Nlckleby" causes
one of the pupils of "Dotheboys Hall" to
weed the garden, the weather at the same
time being so cold that, the school well
had frozen. To this may "be added the
equally singular vagary of Rider Haggard,
who, in "King Solomon's Mines," describes
a total eclipse of the sun- as occurring at
a time when the moon was full, which,
of course. Is an astronomical Impossi
bility. Even Shakespeare was liable to
err, for he makes mention In "King
John" of cannon, which, needless to say,
were entirely unknown during the reign
of that faint-hearted monarch.
LINN COUNTY FOOTHILLS. ,
Texan. Writes of Their Value to
Stocksrrowcrs.
BROWNSVILLE. Or., March 24. (To
the Editor.) Some months ago I ad
dressed a communication to The Ore
gonlan and the consideration it received
from the editor and the public induces
me to write again. As some who did not
see my former communication may read
this, I will state again that I came here
from Texas about four years ago, and,
after taking ample time to look around
and Investigate, decided to locate on a
stock ranch In this section.. While the
statements made here may apply to other
foothill sections, they are Intended to ap
ply more particularly to the foothills east
of Brownsville, and b'etween Crawfords
ville and Waterloo. I also stated that a
part of this section Is quite elevated, and
considered distinctively a stock country,
but most cf the settlers have small farms
on cfnolc ranches combined. This state
ment elicited a numberof Inquiries, which
may be epitomized as follows: Is It neces
sary In your section to own the land
stock graze on? What Is the price of
land, and .Is It considered a good Invest
ment? Can cattle be raised on a large
scale In your locality, and how many
months In the year do they have to bo
fed? Is Western Oregon considered as
good a locality to raise cattle as east of
the Cascades, and how are cattle man
aged In timbered sections? Some of theso
questions I will answer pointedly, others
In a general way, from observation antf
experience.
There Is a good deal of outside range,
and some cattle run outside all the time,
but It Is necessary to raise hay to feed
cattle when the snow covers the ground,
which it seldom does more than a few
days at a time. There Is a period, how
ever, of from four to eight weeks in
the spring, that cattle need some feed and
care, especially calves and cows that
hrinr ralves. Often the number of cattle
a rancher can raise Is fixed by the amount
of hay his ranch will produce. I' consider
pasture land, or land that can be made
Into pasturo and meadow that Is, by
slashing and seeding a good Investment.
Where white oak Is an Indigenous growth,
as It Is here, the soil Is almost certain to
be adapted to grass. It has been con
sidered a drawback, however, that oak
forms a part of the second growth on
these lands, oak grubs being hard to ex
terminate; but the Angora goat has prac
tically solved that problem, and where
there are hundreds now there will be
thousands of them In a few years. That
goats will do all that Is claimed for them
Is hardly probable, and any statement to
the effect that when properly confined by
a fence 10 or more rails high, and made
to do their duty, they will tackle any kind
of a tree, regardless of its dimensions,
should be taken with allowance.
As to the price of land, there seems to
be no fixed price. A great deal of It was
taken up under the homestead laws by
those too old or poor to Improve their
claims, and who staid only long enough
V) prove up. Unimproved land Is from
$2 to $4; fenced and partly slashed, and In
grass, from $4 to $5. Ranches with good
barns, houses and orchards are a trlflo
above these prices, owing to location and
size of tract. With energy and the means
to put Into the business, as elsewhere,
cattle can be raised here on a large scale.
As to this being as good a locality In
which to ra'lse stock as Eastern Oregon,
judging from the reported crowded con
dition of the ranges there and the bitter
contentions of the stockmen, I would say
It Is. Moreover, the pastures are more
reliable here, and there Is less deep snow
and the winters are milder.
In the management of cattle the cows
are made to come up to their calves.
This keeps the herd gentle. Dry cows
and young cattle generally come up with
the herd or regularly to salt. A number
of bells are kept on the band, and they
are easily located In the timber. One or
two small shepherd dogs are kept by
stockmen and are trained to "heel" stock;
In fact. It is an Instlct with them, and
when a refractory animal takes out of the
herd the dogs are quick to note It, and
If necessary a few savage bites on the
heels bring them to time. A cow or steer
can make some resistance In open ground,
but In the brush they are simply at the
mercy of the dog. These dogs can be
trained to bring cattle up without help.
The writer had a young dog that got to
be too smart, and would bring up tho
cows at unusual hours. Trained dogs are
a necessary part of a Western Oregon
cowboy's outfit.
Timber Is not considered by any means
an unmitigated evil by stockmen. Besides
shelter, it affords tender browse and a
species of native moss (not the coarse
and fibrous Spanish moss of the South),
that all ruminating stock are fond of.
When snow or sleet sloughs off the tim
ber, large quantities of moss are brought
with it to the ground. To claim moss Is
a first-class forage, to be counted on,
might Invite ridicule; besides, I might be
aspersed as a mossback. However, cattle
like It, and what they like Is generally
good for them. A correspondent, writing
to The Oregoninn, claims that fern hay
Is a forage par excellence for goats. With
plenty of moss for the cattle, and fern
hay for the goats. In the parlance of tho
day. the foothill ranchers are strictly
In It.
Isolation Is not a drawback to stock
raising, and the cowboy has ever been the
vanguard of civilization. Next to free
grass, cheap grazing land has been tho
prime consideration of stockmen, and
the man who comes here to take advan
tage of green grass and cheap land must
expect to make some sacrifices In the
matter of good roads, fine churches, etc.
However, the district schoolhouse Is found
In every community, and the circuit rider
makes his regular rounds among the hills,
and earnestly, If not classically, points
the way of the straight and narrow trail
that leads to endless bliss. The Intelli
gent rancher and his family keep In touch
with the outside world by taking plenty
of reading matter, not only political and
local papers, but also the best periodicals
and current literature of the times. The
weekly mall Is looked forward to with
pleasure, and, rain or shine. Is brought
to the ranch every Saturday.
Within the territory described, many
ranches have been transferred the past
year at prices from a few hundred to
several thousand dollars. More land has
been brought Into pasturage, new fences
made, and the evidences of prosperity are
visible In all localities. Towns situated
like Lebanon, so as to control the trade
of foothill communities, have a bright
future and already feel the Impulse of
their growth. Taking Into consideration
the irregular surface of the country, the
large amount of land suitable for grazing
and agricultural purposes Is a remarkable
feature of the country, and as surely as
the tides of the ocean reach the Inlets of
the shore, as certainly will the rising tide
of population be carried Into these moun
tain districts.
No mention bf Oregon nowadays is
complete with regard to its present or
future without reference to important
events that have recently or will soon
transpire. The Alaskan migration, which
Is likely to continue Indefinitely; the an
nexing of the Pacific islands; the modern
izing of the Oriental nations, and our
Increasing trade with them, to be fol
lowed by the "completion of the Isthmian
canal, are all potent factors In the state's
development.
Turning from the practical to the sen
timental, this section is characterized by
romantic scenery the grand sweep of
the hills, wild and and precipitous moun
tains, streams that come hurrying down
by leaps and bounds from their lofty
sources to Join tho Willamette, moist and
lonely canyons hid In deep shade and a
labyrinth of undergrowth, and matchless
panoramic views of the adjacent vallevs.
WILLIAM PRESTON.
THETREATMENT
THAT CURES
HOW DR. COPELAND'S WONDERFUL MEDICATION DOES ITS BE
NEFICENT WORK f OR SUFFERING HUMANITY.
It Reaches, Soothes and Heals Every Part of the Mucous Membrane, Curing Invarl-
ably All Forms of Catarrhal Diseases of the Nose, Throat, Vocal Cords,
Bronchial Tubes, Lungs and Deafness Treatment and
Medicine Until Cured, $5.00 Per Month.
Dr. Copeland's Xeiv Treatment, that
has lifted the darkness and blight of
the word "Incurable" from hundreds
of thousands of these cases of dis
eases In the Throat, Bronchial Tubes
and Lungs, -works Its curative action
for two reasons.
(1) It reaches every sore spot, from
the orifice of the nose to the deepest
pnrt of the lnngs, to the Innermost
recesses of the middle ear.
(2) Instead of irritating inflaming
and feeding: the fires of the disease,
It soothes, quiets, heals and cures.
Wnat Is the treatment that cures these
conditions, once regarded Incurable? By
what process does It restore the diseased
mombrane, remove the poison and relieve
the soreness of disease? Let the experi
ence of persons cured and being cured
tell.
How It Cures Catarrh. '
Here is a patient taking treatment for
Catarrh of the Head. He breathes tho
soothing medication through his nostrils,
and the nasal channels open up, the
stuffed-up feeling In the head leaves and
he can breathe naturally through the nose
again. The dull pains across the front of
the head fade away, and the nasal mem
brane Is soothed until the inflammation
and soreness are all gone. The bad odor
of the breath passes away, and the lost
sense of smell returns. The dropping In
the throat Is checked, the nose does not
stop upitoward night any more, the sneez
ing and snuffing have ceased, the dis
charge from the nose grows less and less
and finally stops altogether. The disease
has been checked and eradicated from the
HOME TREATMENT No one deprived of the benefits of the Copeland Treatment because of living
at a distance from the city. If you cannot come to the office, write for Home Treatment Symptom
Blank and Book and be cured, at home.
CONSULTATION
THE COPELAND MEDICAL
THE
W. H. COFELAXD, M. D.
J. II. MONTGOMERY, M. D.
LATER ARRESTS MADE
WARRANT SAID TO BE OT7T FOR A
PROMINENT KENTUCKIAN.
Democrats Still Claim That Culton
Made a Confession Davis Has
N'ot" Secured Ball.
FRANKFORT, Ky., March 2S. There
were no developments In the assassination
case today, though the air was filled with
rumors of more arrests and other reports.
It was reported that a prominent man,
who was supposed to be at Winchester,
would be arrested, but dispatches from
Winchester eay that the suspected man Is
not there, and that no arrest has been
made at that point. It is claimed that the
statement made by W. H. Culton to the
attorneys for the prosecution Involved
this suspected man, he having been named
by Sergeant Golden in his testimony last
Saturday as one of the promoters of the
movement which resulted In bringing tho
mountaineers here. There was unusual ac
tivity among the local civil officers, but
If any new warrants of arrest have been
taken out, they havo been kept secret.
The visit of Culton to the attorneys for
the commonwealth at the Capitol Hotel
yesterday afternoon, has caused a great
deal of talking on both sides, and while
the Democrats claim that he made a con
fession, tho Republicans state that he told
nothing whatever about the tragedy, aa
he knew nothing to tell beyond the Im
portation of mountaineers to Frankfort.
The attorneys decline to divulge what
really was brought out at tne meeting,
beyond the fact that Culton was in con
ference with them for several hours.
Twice today, morning and afternoon,
Culton made short visits to the hotel to
see the attorneys, but nothing new in tho
case was announced.
H. E. Youtsey, who was arrested yes
terday, will be arraigned before Judge
Moore tomorrow.
Captain John Davis Is still In Jail, no
one having appeared today to execute a
new bond. Davis friends say he will be
released on bonds In the morning.
The President Will Not Interfere.
WASHINGTON. March 2S. The Presi
dent has Informed the Kentucky Republic
ans that while he cannot Interfere In the
Kentucky affair to the extent of disarm
ing the militia of either faction, ho Is
willing, so far as' ho can legitimately do
so, to recognize the Republican officials of
that state as the de facto officials. Ho
told them he would give directions that
mall addresesd to an official by title only,
as to "The Governor" or "Secretary of
State" should be delivered to Republicans
holding those offices, and not to the Dem
ocrats. The Uerolsm of the Boers.
Montagu White In Collier's Weekly.
There Is one feature about a great Boer
war which must be kept steadily In view,
and that Is the heroism, the fortitude and
the Influence of the women. The Instincts
of maternity and the devotion of tho
wives to their husbands are relegated to
a second place when the country is en
dangered. A Boer woman seldom con
cerns herself with politics; but during a
period of supreme National Importance,
like the present crisis, her voice is para
mount in urging her husband, her son ox
her brother to forget all else and do his
duty to his fatherland.
It Is necessary here to dwell upon the
fact that the Boers are not a warlike peo
ple. Their dislike -of military exercises
and reviews during times of peace, their
reluctance to go out on commando In or
der to punish a recalcitrant chief, have
been cited by Outlander experts as proof
that the Boers have degenerated and
would never face a conflict with Great
Britain; while the partial disappearance of
game from the high veldt has justified
the assumption on their part that tho
hands of the Boers had lost their cunnlnfl
with the rifle. Another strong factor in
the depreciation of the Boers Is that the
Outlanders were grouped together In one
I spot, where they see little or nothing of
system before it ever reaches the throat.
It has not been driven down into his
throat or Into hl3 lungs or Into his ears,
as is often done by other treatments.
How It Cures Diseases of the
Throat.
Here Is another patient who had Ca
tarrh In the Head. He caught cold after
cold, and the disease spread down Into
his throat. He breathes and drinks in the
disease-banishing medication. It bathes
the membranes of his head and throat.
The soreness of the head and throat bo
comes less, and the desire 'to hawk and
spit Is disappearing, the sense of taste Is
returning, and the voice again becomes
soft and melodious. There Is no more
gagging and vomiting In the morning. No
longer does every exposure to the weather
result In a stuffed-up throat that becomes
sore and Inflamed and no longer does he
find his throat and tongue dry as chips
when he wakes from refreshing sleep.
How It Cures Deafness.
Here Is another patient who for years
had been a sufferer. Every fresh cold
seemed to stay longer than former colds,
and he noticed that his ears got stopped
up and his hearing became duller and
duller, and there were ringing and buz
zing noises In his ears. The Catarrh had
passed upward -and backward from the
throat along the Eustachian tubes leading
from the throat into the ear. He had
visited Throat doctors and Ear aoutors
and Catarrh doctors, without relief. In
this condition we find him Inhaling the
I never-falling medication, and soon he no-
FREE. DR. CORELAND'S BOOK
DEKUH. THIRD AND WASHINGTON STREETS
OFFICE HOURS From O A. M. to 12 M.; from 1 to 5 P. M.
EVENINGS Tuesdays and Fridays. SUJfDAYS Froni 10 A. 3f. to 12 M
the Boers, who aro sparsely scattered over
the whole country. The Outlander, living
In a town of about 70,000 Inhabitants, be
came unduly impressed with his own Im
portance and regarded the Boer power as
a ridiculous myth. They entirely Ignored
the lessons of past history, viz., that the
Boers are capable of marvelous heroism,
endurance and Initiative when their feel
ings have been outraged by the massacre
of women and children, as In the case of
Dlngaan, or when their freedom, Indepen
dence and fatherland are menaced, as 3n
the present struggle. The British Colonial
Secretary has announced In his callous and
pitiless way that the tight is to be fought
to the death, and has foreshadowed what
the fate of the Republic is to be. More
bloodshed! More carnage! Endless suf
fering! A price Is to be paid which will
stagger humanity! Will no British states
man ever realize that the Transvaal and
Free State Dutch may be defeated, but
that they will never be conquered?
e
EXPLOITING A DEPENDENCY
Proposal-for Free Trade Into Puerto
Rico Is Very Suggestive.
Boston Herald.'
The trail of the serpent Is clearlj
marked In efforts that have been made
to bring the majority of the United State!
Senate to some form of agreement o
the Puerto Rico tariff bill. It Is proposed,
according to reports which come front
Washington, that no duty shall be lm
posed upon merchandise going from tha
United States when this arrives In Puerto
Rico, but that the products of Puerto
Rico, when these arrive In the United
States, shall pay a duty of 15 per cent of
the DIngley schedule charges, these du
ties In the gross to be remitted to Puerto
Rico to pay public expenses. Now, tha
obviously honest, straightforward way of
treating this matter would be to permit
Puerto RIcan goods to enter the United
States duty free, for -the reason that the
people of that Island are necessitous, and
are strongly solicitous of obtaining In tha
United States a good market for thelf
wares. Then a duty should be Imposed
In Puerto Rico upon goods from tha
United States that were sent there for
sale, and the revenue thus obtained should
go Into the Puerto Rico treasury. We
should, in this way. give to our wards on
the Island every benefit that free trade
would accord to them, and at the sama
time would enable them to establish n
revenue tariff to obtain the money they
so much need. This, we Insist, would be
the fair method of treatment, and would
differentiate Puerto Rico from the United
States just as completely as the Impost
t'on of a tariff tax at the other end. Bui
while those Republicans who represent
various protected Interests are entlrelj
willing to exploit Puerto Rico for the pui
ppse of obtaining a market, they are un
willing that the Puerto Ricans should
have an opportunity to freely send thelt
goods into our market. The boot Is put
on the wrong leg for no other reason than
to please certain protected Interests, but
it Is put on, as we have just said, to tha
disadvantage of Puerto Rico. Unless wa
can rid our minds of the notion that. Ilka
Spain and France, and England In the last
century, dependencies under our control
are to be exploited for the benefit of our
own people and this Is what this form. oK
tariff legislation means the sooner we rid
ourselves of theso dependencies, the bettef
it will be both for our National honor and
material well-being.
0
Gatncre ns a Gallant.
Chicago Times-Herald.
Of General Gatacre It Is said that ho
does not know what It Is to be tired. He
held an appointment at one time in one
of the big military departments at Simla,
and was a hard-working man. There was
eome little act of courtesy he had been
asked to perform for a lady leaving- Am
bala by a midnight train. The distance
Is well over 100 miles, and the road was
mostly over Himalayan paths. He was
not willing to shirk his day's work In his
department, so had telegraphed to have
relays of horses waiting along the road.
Five minutes after he had disposed '.of his
last "file" for the day, he was in the sad
dle, galloping at breakneck pace down
the hill road. He was at Ambala before
midnight, did whatever he had been asked
tlces a change. The noises in the ears stop,
there Is no more discharge, the hearing
gets better and finally the tubes of the
ears open up and something seems to give
way In the head. His heating has com"
pletely returned. No wonder he considers
the result a marvel.
How It Cures Bronchial Disease
Here is another patient who was always
sensitive to the weather. Ho contracted
Catarrh of the Head, and It passed to the
Throat, then down the Windpipe and Into
the Bronchial Tubes. He coughed at
night so that he could not sleep; there
was pain behind the breastbono and under
his shoulder-blades. When he coughed he
brought up a frothy, grayish material
streaked with blood. He lost appetlto and f J
strength. He tried cough syrups and dif
ferent medicines to no avail. He now
breathes In with full Inspiration the re
storing and soothing medicine. The sore
spots along the Bronchial Tubes heal, the
cough ceases, the pain leaves. The appe
tite and strength return. Ho 13 again
a well and happy man.
$5.00 AJVIONTH.
The public should understand, defi
nitely, that the total expense of
treatment at tho Copeland Institute,
The Delcum, is limited in all cases
and to office and mall patients alike,
whatever the ailment or infirmity, to
the nominal assessment of $5.00 a
month, medicines inclnded, until
cured.
FREE TO ALL
INSTITUTE
to do, and before the train was out of
the station made the dust curl up as he
galloped over the flat road that leads back
from Ambala to Kalka there was no
branch railway then.
The clerks In the office wondered next
day why General Gatacre was late, but
when he took his place at his desk at mid
day he showed no signs of having done a
record-breaking ride.
The Short Story.
E. C. Black, In The International Monthly
With few exceptions the world's great
novelists have been masters of the short
story. They "hammered at the short story
until they perfected it as a literary form
as distinct and self-contained as a son
net or a ballad. They found that the Ideal
short story, like the ideal lyric, can deal
with only one main emotion or experience
that the slightest Irrelevancy is fatal
that every detail must bo bound with liv
ing cords to tho heart that every word
must bear on the creature; every man,
bo he but a street scavenger, is a wholo
bundle of men, and every one of them of
varying moods. Where Is the chance to
paint a man In a short story? At best
there can be but a glimpse of ono passing
experience, one Isolated emotion. Imagine
"Tom Jones" In a single chapter, or "La
Pere Gorlot" In a conte! There have been
of late few strenuous and Interesting at
tempts at a cross between the novel and
the short story. The resulting hybrid has
been sufficiently alarming to prevent. It
is to be hoped, further experiments in this
direction. It is worth noting, however,
that the hysterical and emotional novel
ette is less painful to encounter than tho
amorphous and hydrocephalic short story.
In the matter of literary forms, the mix
ture of bloods and crossing of strains
seem les3 successful than biologists de
clare them to be In the animal world. '
e
Rev. Dr. Madison C. Peters, of New
York City, who has been noted for somo
years as a rather sensational preacher of
a very unseneational d'enomlnation, has
resigned his pastorate of the Blooming
dale Reformed Church, because he feela
compelled to join tho Baptists on account
of his belief in immersion.
ears
was the first maker of
sticks of soap for shav
ing. Pears Soap es
tablished over 100
years.
Mis3 El-
jsakok M. Tippeil, 3711 Powellton
Ave., Philadelphia, writes:
"I had inflammatory rheumatism,
which was for weeks so intense that
I was unable to walk. I was treated
by several prominent physicians,
and tried many patent medicines,
but without relief. I felt so much
better after taking two bottles' of
S. S. S., that I continued the reme
dy, and in two months I was cured
completely, and havo never since
had a touch of the disease."
CC for
wefes9fe
(Swift's. Specific) is tho only remedy
which reaches this painful disease, and
is guaranteed purely vegetable. Send
for valuable books mailed free by Swift
Spscific Company, Atlanta, Ga.
r
Rhaiinratism
TheJUIUU