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THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1900.
T -v
ft 0omatf
Entered at the Pcoleaie at Perttaafi. Oregon.
TELSPHGKBB.
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Puget Sound Bweaa Oaptato A. Thompson.
tfx at 1111 Pacific avenue. T&eoaa. Box 863,
T. iia poetofflce.
latere Business Oatae The TrHswie baitd
trg New York otty; "Tbe Boekery." Chleage;
tta 3. C Beckwlth special agency. New Yurie
r r aale In San Franctoeo by J. X. Cooper,
T4G Market street. Bear tbe Palace hotel, and
a Z dsmith Bros., 3M Setter street.
x t sale in CMeage by the P. O. Kews Co.,
1 " Dearborn street.
try It 5s highly gratifying that the
Courier-Journal, having "weathered
many storms," is weathering this lat
est one also. In the oircumstances It
la impossible to blame it for seeking
reconciliation with the democratic
party, even -under the direction of Goe
belism; for "he who stands upon a slip
pery place makes nice of no vile hold
to stay him up." The Courier-Journal
is published in a community unworthy
of It; and if It has been coerced, so
was Galileo. But, like Galileo, (lt
knows that truth remains truth, just
the same.
In another article the Courier-Journal
says It is "riding on a boom at pres
ent. Its circulation, large before, hav
ing, the last few weeks, actually dou
bled." It will do good- work yet, when
the stupidity, intolerance and fury that
surround It shell have exhausted their
foroes.
TODAY'S WEATMCR. Oeeeateeal rain, with
ao Vrly winds.
rORTLA-YP, -WBDMflgDAT, FEB. 21.
HAS AOHIBVKD ORKATXESS.
Ex-Consul Macrum. continues his ef
fort to induce the country to take him
et 1- s own valuation. His ooinion of
t 5 v.n importance is high. From his
statements it is apparent what part he
s light to play in South Africa, and
v.j.t part he now seeks to play in the
Tr ttd States. He desired to interest
cj.wn country In the war, and make
a -ning which would induce it to in-
tc-'.ene or mediate. Hence he wanted
t; Le ordered to the United States, at
the public expense. Hie desire, he
isijs was to "lay the information be-
-: the department as to the true
sa- ft affairs ta South Africa." But
" Jrpartmeut declined, and advised
i that Mb presence was deemed nec-
ccrary at Pretoria, for attention to the
Ir' T(sts of Americans, under the crit-1-.J
r nditions of war.
Ycair, -when the war broke out, and
tti British repreeentative had found
it re essary to depart from Pretoria,
C al Macrant was directed by hie
c crment to look after British inter-
!c 3in the Transvaal a proceeding al-
it r her usual among: nations in such
vn stances. JSritwh ministers and
si.i3 had done the same for us at
cixy Spanish city and port, during
r war with Spain. But this galled
C "nil Macrum sorely. He was thor-
-L1 1" a partisan of the Boer states;
1 h is not at all surprising, for when
- -eied Me appointment he certi
1 that he was a native of Holland,
J', lis legal residence was Pretoria,
zrl that he was a naturalized citizen
.1 V South African Republic. What
r r ally wanted was to enlist both
" i sympathy and the active effort of
." T'nited States on the side of the
II h Afrikanders, at least in the form
f - v Nation or Intervention. But the
w-tment of state at "Washington de-
" 2 t j call Mm to the United States
r is purpose, and put an end to his
nuiiity by relieving Mm of his
-'TC Deprived of opportunity to
- o and go at public expense, he has
2 n his own account; and he seekB
A : y by telling with what indig-
1 1 as the representative of the
1 d States, was treated by the Brit-
""i authorities in South Africa.
II o aswrts that hie letters were
, " 2. This no doubt witl be made a
t f inquiry. It is possibly true;
r 1 o Mas known by the British au-
r.Vs to be a strong partisan of
r . mmles, one of them in fact; and
I ul t he was regarded as a fool be-
s. Again, a nation engaged in a
us ar is likely to be arbitrary and
v t no precaution; so we should
: " i surprised to learn that the Brlt-
c nsrs Md open letters addressed
iTarum. Ve ma make this a
a'-t.e, if we will; we may even
t a cause of war upon Great
r n- But It is altogether probable
jr at Britain will explain or apol-
i- and may reprimand the offloialg
) li? it It is plain that we were
" r r ate In having a. consul w ho
i .n aoti'e partisan of one of the
r.nts. Macrum' s desire was not
i e the United States, bu to serve
- -Lountrymen, who are at war
i i In at Britain. Front his own
t - tuts it is clear that what he
. ' 1 to do was to entangle the
- 2 States m thta business. Yet it
3 1 9 first and Imperative duty, as
, -. ctntattve of the United States,
:3 .te the rules oc strict neutral-
.ut lit us have tMe whole buetoesa
i. 2 by congressional and diplo-
mquitT. Let us ascertain what
i ' '3 has been put upon us, and
...- at 'ion aceordlngiy. It may turn
-1 " at no letter addressed directly to
rul was opened, but only letters
" -s d to other persons, in his care.
? " " work mi' have been done by a
-vniceable omdal, for whose ac-
i i logy will be forthcoming. Or
' -, as high-handed action is not ua-
n in war, the British govern-
t ay answer that It considers the
finable in the drcumstaaoem
? (.nsul Macrum was their open
5 and known as an out-an-out
- - Tj of the Boer states. When we
at Britain's answer we shall
re light. Then, if we feel that
? t is expiable only through war.
- dvclare war with light hearts.
many letters from distinguished
published in The Oregoniat.
ih.- trouble between Boer aad
began prove that "we have s
, of cltlsens of resolute spirit
2 L'-lial prowess, who are just suf-
- ' : tn get a whack at this old and
" r at Ion, and pay oft old scores
" lth these decaying Suropean
s is but a Hght matter with -us.
- hat we did to Spain. We couM
or all of 'em up as eompletety
L-gantua devoured Ms pilgrims in
TUB REAL PDIT AT ISSUE.
By as much as the spirit of all law
transcends the letter, by so much is
our policy toward the new dependencies
to be determined by what is right and
necessary to be done rather than by any
microscopic Inspection of the constitu
tion, words and phrases of which, how
ever grandly conceived and admirably
contrived, were framed: for land clearly
territories and states in prospect, and
not for distant possessions of a world
empire the fathers did not foresee.
When the democrats in congress and
the republicans. In unison -with them,
rest their case in opposition to "pro
tective" tariffs against Puerto BIco
upon the letter of the constitution, they
are on very uncertain ground. But
when they appeal to Justice and con
siderations of high policy, there is no
shaking of their position.
We do not say that the constitution
imperatively demands free trade with
the dependencies because they are part
of the United States. It is open to ar
gument. Perhaps the weight of au
thority leans to the side of the repub
lican majority report. Mr. Anderson
and Mr. Carter both hold to that view,
and so does Senator Lindsay, one of the
ablest demonstrators of the constitu
tional right of expansion. But much is
to be said en the other side. It is, at
best, an obscure and complicated ques
tion, which most members of congress
will comprehend no better than the
masses of the people. That is to say,
tMs crisis will be met and passed, as
other supremo crises 4 are met and
passed, not through hair-splitting over
phrases and learned opinions, but
through appeal to great ethic and
moral principles. On these great ques
tions the conscience of the people will
speak and compel submission. Con
gress and supreme courts register their
will, whether through ordinary pro
cesses, or, in the last resort, through
revolutions like the civil war.
If the republican party elects to go
before the people as the champion of
protected interests whose largesses from
government favors have long outgrown
all reasonable bounds, it cannot suc
ceed. This hold-up of the dependencies
at the behest of these wealthy corpora
tions is only one incident in the wide
problem of special favors to those who
are abundantly able to take care of
themselves. There are other aspects of
the conflict. It has been proposed in
congress that protection to trust prod
ucts be withdrawn. The proposal Is
Just, but we hear, Instead of action,
only desire to get away from Washing
ton in vague fear of loss of partisan
prestige. The desire of Mr. Hanna and
Ms friends, If they have any desire re
garding one piece of legislation other
than the rest, seems to have been to
push through the subsidy scheme,
which has for Its sole object the en
richment of shipyards and steamship
companies that are already making
enormous profits. Now the plain man
date of justice toward the unhappy and
misgoverned spanisn islands is pro
posed to be set aside at the behest of
the Connecticut valley tobacco-growers,
who are It is an open secret only
serving as a stalking-horse for the
sugar trust, the tobacco trusts, and
all the protected trusts, which will re
sist in common any encroachment on
their tariff-created.privileges.
These are questions, this is an issue,
that the people can understand. They
will pierce to the core of the matter,
just as they responded to a true in
stinct in support of the gold standard.
The "infant Industries," that we were
wont to nurse and coddle, praying for
the day when they would stand alone,
have grown so great that their roots
entwine and their branching boughs
spread over the markets and empori
ums of the whole civilized world. We
sell our protected iron and steel, wool
ens and machinery, coal and copper,
locomotives and bridges, in every coun
try in Europe, Asia and Africa, in com
petition with resident factories on their
own ground. And yet not one iota of
their tariff protection must be with
drawn, and the paltry $15,000,000 ex
ported by little Puerto Rico annually
to all countries rouses this alliance of
tyranjts, who must wreak their venge
ance, even if it drags the party down
with them.
It is a time for prompt and fearless
action at Washington. Not by running
away from the issue or drifting in
vague hope of some lucky accident, is
the crisis to be met. If we do not have
action, and right action, on these mat
ters, it will go hard with the repub
lican party to elect Its candidate in
November.
lias been made may well be considered
satisfactory. The sick list, for exam
ple, Is, all things considered, surpris
ingly small, and the death list phenom
enally so, showing that sanitary regu
lations are being enforced, whether
sanitary principles have been instilled
into the minds of these people or not.
Practical people do not expect sudden
miracles, but will be content If the mir
acle of growth, working In and out
among these long-neglected children of
Spain, is able m two or three genera
tions to produce a clean, wholesome,
thrifty people in Puerto Rico, who have
solved the problems of self-support,
good roads and good health, with a
reasonable degree of accuracy. The
hurricane of last summer, Which
sowed desolation broadcast over many
provinces by compelling the attention
of tbe immediate government to Its
new province and people, gave an im
petus to growth along these lines which
otherwise would have been lacking. In
this view the storm may be regarded
as a blessing to the people, and in the
end an advantage to the government,
that hopes some time when the les
sons of civilization shall have been suf
ficiently learned to include them
among its citizens, whereas they are
now simply its untaught, stolid, hun
gry children.
this district, since all experience goes
to show that the spirit of mendicancy
and dishonesty is easily fostered by in
dulgence, and is exceedingly tenacious
of what it comes to consider the
"rights" of its possessor. It may be
admitted that eveYy child' in the com
monwealth has a right to free tuition
In Its public schools, but since for
convenience and fairness. the state is
districted for this purpose, it Is proper
for parents ani those having charge of
pupils to accept and abide by the con
ditions and send their children to the
district home school, or pay their way
elsewhere.
IiORD ROBERTS' TACTICAL TRIUMPH
K MSWSFAFMaVS "STORMS."
1 o LrmisvUle Courier-Journal prints
' -'utement about itself and Its busi-
c - lv it th Oaarini Joamao baa waaifc
anv storaae. la. Mat It laat baK Ma
neartr aH Ma weekly drodattaa, but
K the daily ctreaJatton with Mae ad
c two ar three yaare meeeedtag. aad It
t but auNtr, BeOtar back Ue wcy.
' r quite a rear tbe vohnae at Me bad
t been greater tbaa ever M wa badare.
i iwign af MM aaat tt at laaat a a,aariar
i a datura. Tat tt sttU Uvea, bad
- rmimm uor mtmm tb tasaer.
THE WORK IX PUERTO RICO.
The consolidated report of the board
of charities for Puerto Rico for the
week ending January 20, as attested
by the chief surgeon of the United
States army, shows the systematic
progress of relief measures adopted by
the government, the gradual diminution
of the disbursement, the triumph of
sanitary measures, and the extension
of the gospel of work (to the extent of
earning enough" to keep base life afoot)
among the able-bodied indigent of the
Island. Of the total of seventy munici
palities scheduled, but twenty-four, or
little more than one-third, are shown
as having received relief in the form of
rations issued by the government, dur
ing the month. There are in the sev
enty municipalities a total of 9S6.7J9
persons, of whom 78,124 are classed as
indigent. Of these, 48S6 were reported
as sick during the month, and there
were 24 deaths. There were 6S3.08S
rations issued, and S493 men were
claseed as "working for food."
The diligence with wMch the govern
ment has taken up and is working out
the problem, looking to the control of
these people and teaching them self
control is shown In these figures. Un
der all the circumstances of inherited
sloth, filth of surroundings, destitution
resulting from storms, and the Inborn
Lord Roberts turning movement be
gan on Monday, the 12th inst., by the
seizure of Dekil's JDrlft (ford), on the
Riet river, west of Jacobsdal, by Gen
eral French, commanding three brig
ades of regular cavalry and mounted
colonial contingents, with horse artil
lery. General French moved the next
day from Dekil's Drift to Klip Drift,
twenty-five miles distant, on the Mod
der river, with the main body of his
force. The sixth division of infantry
pushed forward in support, and was
on the north side of the Riet river the
night of the 13th, and the seventh di
vision crossed the next day. General
French, with his mounted force, dashed
forward and reached Klmberley the
afternoon of Thursday, the 15th. The
Riet river flows into the Modder at the
railway crossing on the way to Kim
berley. From Its junction it stretches
southeastward into the Orange Free
State, and it is about twenty-five miles
up the Riet river that French won a
"brilliant tactical victory over the
Boers. The object of this movement
was to gain possession of the direct
road from Jacobsdal to Klmberley, so
avoiding the strongly fortified Boer po
sitions on the direct line of march from
General Methuen's Modder River camp.
The distance of Klip Drift, where Gen
eral French crossed the Modder river,
to Klmberley, is about twenty miles.
The success of this movement lay in
its rapidity, and that It has been bril
liantly successful is seen in the fact
that Lord Roberts, with his main col
umn of invasion, Is already thirty
miles west of Jacobsdal. The Boers
that a week ago were holding the posi
tions between Modder River camp and
Klmberley were cut off entirely from
their communications with Jacobsdahl,
the late advance post of supplies, and
have been forced to rapidly retire
westward. Not only has Klmberley
and unquestionably Mafeking been re
lieved, but the railway has already
been restored so that through trains
are running from Cape Town to Klm
berley. General Cronje's force is re
ported to have been overtaken and
forced to accept battle at disadvantage
from the pursuing cavalry of French
moving from Klmberley, which it left
on Saturday last, and the advance of
the main infantry column of invasion
under Lords Roberts and Kitchener,
moving from Jacobsdal, Is already
reported thirty miles west of that
point. The British occupation of Dord
recht, on their extreme right, indi
cates that the Boers are losing their
grip on the Orange river line, and the
occupation' of Colenso by General Bul
ler, with the expulsion of the Boers
from the south side of the Tugela, indi
cates plainly that the effect of Lord
Roberts' victorious invasion of the Or
ange Free State is forcing the Boers
to let go of Natal.
Lord Roberts' double pursuit of the
retreating Boers by cavalry from Klm
berley and by infantry from Jacobsdal
recalls the famous pursuit of Lee's re
treating army by Grant and Sheridan
from April 3 to April 9, 1865. Sheridan,
with 12,000 cavalry and 15,000 Infantry,
turned Lee's right flank at Five Forks,
April 1. The next morning followed
the assault and breaking of Lee's in
trenched line before Petersburg. The
night of April 2, Lee began his retreat.
The next morning began the pursuit.
On April 5, Sheridan's cavalry reached
Jetersville, Ya., ahead of Lee, and by
4 o'clock in the afternoon there were
12,000 cavalry, with the Fifth and Sixth
corps (30,000 Infantry) planted across
Lee's path. Sheridan would have at
tacked, but Meade was too cautious
and Lee got away.
The next day, April G, Sheridan, with
his cavalry and the Second and Sixth
corps of the army of the Potomac,
crushed Lee's rearguard and captured
it, some 7000 strong, at Sailor's creek.
Tbe pursuit continued until by the af
ternoon of April 8 Sheridan, with his
cavalry, again outmarched Lee and in
tercepted his retreat at Appomattox.
In the night the Fifth corps and the
Twenty-fourth corps and one division
of the Twenty-fifth corps came up to
Sheridan's support, and, with the Sec
ond and Sixth corps in his rear, there
was nothing left for Lee but surren
der. But Grant's splendid cavalry and
well-equipped infantry were pursuing
the feeble remnant of a gallant army
that had been without full food or sleep
for a week, since the evacuation of Pe
tersburg. Its provision trains had been
captured and burned by our cavalry;
Its railway supply train had been inter
cepted and destroyed by Sheridan's
troopers at Appomattox station.
To overtake Lee's army was far less
difficult for Sheridan and Grant than
for Roberts and. Kitchener to overtake
Cronje, because Cronje's troops are all
mounted and had a day's start of Rob
erts' pursuit, while Roberts' whole
mounted force, with French, is not
over 7000 strong. If Roberts and
Kitchener have succeeded in overtak
ing Cronje and forcing him to fight at
disadvantage, they have been very en
ergetic or Cronje has been very dull.
If Cronje is in real danger, the Boers
must evacuate the line of the Orange
river and of the Tugela in Natal, and
go to his rescue.
We have precise information now of
the effect of the South African war
upon the gold production of the Rand,
the figures for the last three months
coming from the Transvaal govern
ment. The production for the first nine
months was 3,913,810 ounces, and for
the last three months only 155,356
ounces. But as the production in No
vember was more than three times that
of October, and the December produc
tion was a fifth rriore than the No
vember production, it would appear
that the Transvaal government was
beginning to push the production; and J
it may have increased rapidly since
December. The production for five
years is as follows:
Ounces Ounces.
1899 4,09.160 189G 2.2S1.8T4
1603 4,285.002.1805 2.2TT.G35
1697 3.034, 074
In spite of the war, the production
last year was a quarter more than it
was two years ago. Production is in
creasing in all other gold fields, and
European monetary centers are much
less nervous about the effect of the war
than they were at first.
States judge Of the sixth judicial circuit.
This rapid advancement to honors sel
dom bestowed upon young men is Indica
tive not only of precocity but of high
character and exceptional ability. It
family influence may have bad some share
In it, since the judge's father had been
a member of Grant's cabinet and min
ister to Austria and Russia, demonstrated
capacity was the best recommendation for
the successive promotipn3. We should
refer to the family rather for the purpose
of suggesting that the associations ana
antecedents of the new president of the
commission are such as to strengthen the
presumptions in his favor. The circum
stances of his life have all combined to
make him a representative of the best
American citizenship, aha we may be sure
that he will go to the Philippines with a
contempt for the low ideals of spoils poli
ticians and a desire to further the Inter
ests of the natives In every particular.
It is to the advantage of his oflice that
he still has the strength and energy of
youth, for he Is now only 43 years old,
while his judicial experience must pro-e
of the greatest value in the speolal work
that lies before him. Through this ex
perience he has acquired not only a firm
hold upon the principles of our govenv
men, but also a thorough Insight Into their
practical application, which study alone
could not give,
We must suppose, too, that when he re
signed that position cm the bench which
promised him honors, dignity and a com
petence for life, he was animated by a
zeal for the task he was about to under
take, and a laudable ambition to make the
most of a great opportunity. All things
considerSd. the country has reason to ex
pect that he will perform a splendid serv
ice for it la the Oriental Islands.
' B
OAFFEHY'S LOGIC.
tlves of discovery and adventure are fea
tures of the work. "Our Islands aad
Their People' is the most eoraprebeastve
and authentic work bearing on the former
Spanish possessions that has yet coma
from the press.
n
EXPORTS OF COAL.
"Unless stable government and free
trade with the United States are given
to Puerto Rico, there is grave danger
that the residents of the island will
peitltion for their recession to Spain."
Dr. Azel Ames, federal delegate from
Puerto Rico to Washington, makes this
statement, and Senor Tulio Larraniga,
his colleague, concurs In It. They add:
The people ol Puerto Rico cannot understand
why, if as now contended by administration
parties, the constitution does not, ex propria
vlgore, extend Itself to the Island, congress
should not at once extend Its provisions. Nor
can they see why, If Hawaii, which certainly
Is to be considered as much a precedent for
Cuba and the Philippines as Puerto Rico,
should be given both the constitutional exten
sion and territorial government with free trade,
and Puerto Rico not. Unless Puerto Rico can
speedily have fixed and stable government un
der the constitution, the power to negotiate a
territorial loan and free commerce with the
United States, there will not be enough left of
her to be worth anybody's consideration.
Orchardists are very well satisfied
with the result of the few days' freez
ing weather of last week. The fruit
buds received timely check, but no
damage, while it is hoped that the
ranks of the insect pests will be deci
mated to some extent by the frost. Be
this as it may, the setback to the buds
is beneficial, and an abundant fruit
crop, so far as damage by winter freez
ing is concerned, Is now assured. Late
cold rains are yet to be reckoned with,
but only the chronic pessimist croaks
at this distance of the possibility of
disaster from this cause.
Failure of the subsidy bill does not
seem to alarm the shipyards. At
Bucksport, Me., a shipyard closed since
1891 Is about to be opened with orders
for three large sailing vessels. One of
the Bath shipbuilding firms has been
organized as a joint stock company,
which is Understood to mean an exten
sion of Its facilities on account of the
growth of business, and there are re
newed and more definite reports of a
combination of steel companies to es
tablish a steel steamship plant near
New York city.
Allen has been unable to deliver the
goods. His appointment at Bryan's
behest, over the head of Hitchcock, re
quired as a quid pro quo 'that he should
hold the national populist committee
for Bryan and fusion. The committee
has broken up in a row. The country
is a gainer through the absence of Allen
from the senate for a few days. Prob
ably the net outcome will be another
presidential nominee. We had only five
in 1896. This year we may have six.
The Boers are so anxious for God
given freedom and liberty that they
are trying to break into the German
empire. It is well. The German Insti
tution of lese majeste is about all the
Transvaal needs, with Its persecution
of blacks and intolerance of Jews and
Catholics, to make it an ideal republic.
Naturally, therefore, it would flee from
Gladstonian despotism to Bismarckian
freedom.
Annexation sentiment inCuba -was
growing rapidly, till the proposal of
Injustice in dealing with Puerto Rico
was brought forward. That has killed
annexation sentiment In Cuba, Thus
we lose the key to the American isth
mus, to the Gulf of Mexico, and to the
passage between the two parts of the
Western hemisphere. Are we fit to be
only a petty and provincial nation?
Tongue of Oregon is among the re
publicans of the house reported to be In
opposition to the Puerto Rico tariff bill.
He honors himself and serves the coun
try by this course. The bigger ques
tion as to the Philippines, in which our
Pacific states are vitally interested, is
carried In this Puerto Rico bill.
There Is nothing strange in Senator
Turner's appearance as an accredited
member of the democratic national com
mittee "meeting. Gravitation thither
wards Is the natural thing in his case,
and it will only be accelerated Dy all
such phenomena as the present row at
Omaha,
A FINE APPOINTMENT.
have long been contented poachers
Id .he newspaper piopU of tix , ! Ijacapabitlty of ages, tbe progress that upon the bounty of the taxpayers of
The process of weeding out the non-"
resident pupils from the public schools
is, it is said, going to be quite a diffi
cult one. It s not strange, perhaps,
that the "get-something-for-nothing"
idea is firmly rooted among people who
Jndffc Tnft Will Make a Fine Head
of Philippine Commission.
Chicago Times-Herald.
Professor Schunnan having declined a
position at the head of the new Philip
pine commission, President McKlnley has
appointed Judge W. H. Taft, of Cincin
nati, to the place. The appointment can
not be to highly commended, because the
judge Is the very type of man we need to
inaugurate American civil rule In our
distant possessions.
He had to begin with great native abil
ity, which made him one of the most con
spicuous students of. his time at Tale.
His scholarship is attested by the fact that
he was graduated second In his class, and
he possessed besides an ascendency over
his classmates which was not to be won by
recitation marks alone. It was confi
dently predicted that he would attain to
more than ordinary success in life, and
his career soon justified the prediction.
At the age of 30 he was Judge of the su
perior court of Clnclnatl, at 33 he be
came solicitor-general or tne unitea
Will Involve Its Author in Some Cu
rious Dilemmas.
New York Tribune.
Senator Caff ery Is reported in our Wash
ington dispatches as declaring that "it Is
absolutely assured" In his mind that the
outlying possessions of the United States
the Philflplnes were particularly under
consideration "cannot be governed by the
caprice or the unrestricted volition of con
gress. They must be governed In accord
ance with the constitution, or congresa
will have to usurp powers of govern
ment." They may be governed by congress ac
cording to Its volition, restrained or unre
strained, and at the same time be gov
erned in accordance with the constitution,
and there need be no usurpation) in the
case. The constitution declares that "con
gress shall have power to make all need
ful rules and regulations respecting the
territory or other property belonging to
the United States." That Is the consti
tutional provision for tho government of
tho Philippines.
Senator Caffery Is also reported to have
said that "under our constitution and
Declaration of Independence we cannot
wage a war of conquest."
The United States Is not primarily a
conquest-seeking power. It 13 doubtless
repugnant to the genius of the nation to
seek military and territorial conquests for
tho mere sake of conquest. But we tan
perceive In neither the constitution nor
the Declaration of Independence any or
dinance of self-abnegation by which the
United States denies to itself any of the
powers of a sovereign nation. As a matter
of historical fact, this country has waged
more than one war of conquest. We are
by no means sure that the war of tho
Revolution itself did not to some extent
partake of that quality. There can be
no doubt that the Seminole war and va
rious other Indian wars did, and while
there are some who consider that wars
against red Indians "do not count," they
must admit that they count at least as
much as wars or other dealings with the
Tagals of Luzon. We are Inclined to think
that the sober judgment of the world
holds the Mexican war to have been
largely, if not entirely, a war of conquest,
yet we are told that Senator Caffery does
not think it was unconstitutional. And
since Senator Caffery urges that we should
cast the Philippines adrift to care for
themselves, we should like to know if It
would be any tho less conquest to take
the Islands forcibly from Spain and then
throw them away than thus to take them
and to keep them for our own.
Senator Caffery, finally, declares that
the people of the Philippines are citizens
of the United States, "entirely, complete
ly, absolutely." They do not have to
wait for any action of congress to make
them so. They are as fully citizens today
as the senator himself. They became so
automatically the moment the United
States flag was raised above the islands,
for "that flag carries Its citizenship wher
ever It floats."
If that be so, would It not be a shock
ing thing forcibly to deprive them of that
citizenship and to expatriate them whole
sale? What right have we to withdraw
citizenship, once conferred, arbitrarily and
without their consent, from millions of
our fellow-citizens? So much. If Senator
Caffery's view of the automatic extension
of citizenship be correct. But for our
selves we cannot for a moment concede
Its correctness. The flag of the United
States floats over many thousands of Chi
nese and Indians, but it does not confer
citizenship upon them. The 14th amend
ment to the constitution declares that "all
persons born or naturalized In the United
States, and subject to the jurisdicion
thereof, are citizens of the United States
and of the state wherein they reside."
But surely Senator Caffery will not dis
pute the right of the government to pre
scribe who may and who shall not be
naturalized. The people of the Philippines
were not born in the United States. They
have not been naturalized in the United
States. They do not even live in the
United States, for those Islands are not
yet a part of this Union. They are not
citizens of the United States.
It is of interest to recall that when
Louisiana was annexed by the United
States it was recognized that tho people
of that territory would not Ipso facto be
come citizens of the United States; where
fore it was expressly stipulated in the act
of cession that they should be admitted to
citizenship "as soon as possible, accord
ing to the principles of the federal con
stitution." Precisely the same thing was
done in the case of Florida. No one
thought, apparently, that the people of
those -territories would automatically be
come citizens of the United States tho
moment the flag of the United Sates was
raised above them. In the case of Cali
fornia it was stipulated that Mexican in
habitants who elected to become citizens
of the United States should be admitted to
such citizenship "at the proper time, to
be judged by the congres3 of the United
States."
Without going further afield for such
examples, we snouia nice to know on
what principle the people of the Philip
pines are to bo held superior and Invested
with superior rights to those of Louisiana,
Florida and California? If they have no
such superiority, they are not citizens of
the United States, and will never be un
less congress shall at some time make
them so by special act.
a
British Strikes Introduced Taea, ana
Now They Are Increasing:.
New York Journal of Commerce.
Coal is leaving Philadelphia at the rate
of 1000 tons a day for Mediterranean ports,
ostensibly for railway fuel, but It seems
to be suspected in Philadelphia that it Is
for warships, and Indicates preparations
for hostilities. The more peaceful explan
ation is entirely probable. Within a few
days It was noted that large araouRts of
American coal were going to France, but
entirely for railroad use, as the French
navy does not use our coal. The Freneh
navy, however, as has been noted la these
columns, has procured from its attache at
Washington a report on American coal,
which indicated that tt compared favor
ably with the best Welsh, not at every
point but on the whole, and It was than
intimated that the French navy was likely
to order coal from this country.
Last vear England exported 43,Mi.M8
tons of coal. Much of Europe depends al
most entirely on British coal, especially
Mediterranean countries, those to wnteti
Philadelphia Is now shipping so freely.
British exports are reported to be reduced
by the large purchases of the Admiralty
for current use, and the measures the gov
ernment is believed to be taxing to pre
vent large shipments of coal to possible
enemies. Wholly apart from the possibili
ties of war, a very slight decrease In Brit
ish exports would compel several European
countries to look for coal In this country.
What is a trifle of 30,000 tons a month in
the English exports of coal? A decrease
to this extent would scarcely attract at
tention, yet an increase of that amount in
the coal shipments of Philadelphia Is a
commercial event of some magnitude.
The price of coal has advanced very
much In England. The London Economist
thinks the impression that this Is due to
the iar is an error. It says the war has
diverted coal from certain points to others,
and while the admiralty has bought more
coal the steamship owners have bought
less. Bunkers, it says, cannot be filled at
less than 17s Gd to 20s in Wales and 17s Jn
north coast ports. It believes coal has
been forced up a great deal higher than
there is any warrant for In the industrial
situation. To these high prices It attrib
utes the checking of export demand and
the Increase of orders from. America. "The
appearance of a few cargoes of trans-Atlantic
coal," It says, "should have a chas
tening effect on our markets at present
elated and Inflated beyond all reason."
The British coal strike of a couple of
years ago led to considerable orders for
American coal from the Continent and
oven from England Itself. Thus Europeans
became acquainted with the quality of
our coal, and our coal operators learned
something of the foreign market. The
price of our coal was not quite low enough
to compete with the English at normal
prices at points distant from this country.
During the Welsh stnKe, however, we
were able to ship coal to the other side of
the world, and we have long had the bet
ter part of the West Indian market. The
Philadelphia Press mentions a large Brit
ish shlpownlng firm which has contracts
for coaling Its steamers at Gibraltar at $8
a ton, and at Philadelphia, put on board,
at $2 50 a ton. With coal at the latter
price on board In Philadelphia, there Is a
considerable area within which we can
ship coal at a profit. Our exports of coal
for each of the last threo years have
been as follows:
Tons. Tons.
1899 5,752.150 1897 ,3,868,981
1S93 4.503,405
Last year over 4,000,000 tons went to
British North America, but 35,000 tons
went to Europe, over FOO.OOO tons to Mex
ico, and over 500,000 tons to the West In
dies. I c 1
NOTE AKD COMMSXT.
No, ArethtMta, the early rose to not the.
national Sower of H'riasd.
The Cuban laborers wM so better to
say nothing and obey Wv.
) skat his.
Ketty-Keaay ay yet
name Is a eerrupttOB ol Xttfceasqr.
Uncle Sam's Nevr Possessions.
The N. D. Thompson Publishing Co.,
of St. Louis, is issuing a pictorial pre
sentation of the lands acquired as a re
sult of the Spanish war. The book, which
Is entitled "Our Islands and Their Peo
ple, as Seen With Camera and Pencil,"
will be In twenty-four parts, each con
taining thirty-two large quarto pages, with
extra inserts and colored maps, constitut
ing a volume of about 800 pages and
nearly 1200 superb illustrations made from
original photographs. The scope of the
work includes Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Isle
of Pines, and many of the smaller isl
ands constituting the Spanish group of
the West Indies; the Hawaiian group,
and the Philippine and Sulu archipela
goes. The views in the work are of
scenery, places, the people and their
homes and home life, historic localities,
famous battle-grounds, noted fortifica
tions, public buildings, cathedrals, coun
try villages, farms, mountains, valleys,
lakes, rivers and waterfalls. Well-writ-
Counter-Attraction.
Indianapolis Journal.
"Andrew Carnegie gave our town a pub
lic library."
"That was fine."
'You think eo? Well, we've asked him
now to give us a skating rink, so the
boys and girls will stop reading trashy
novels."
io
The Thorny Path of Fame.
Chicago Record.
"I've just bad a letter from our congressman."
"What does he want?
"He says ho can't make a hit in public
life unless some of us start a lot of politi
cal rumors for him to deny."
i 10
The Expert.
Judge.
"Let me see the letter," said KildurT.
"I am familiar with his handwriting."
"But this is typewritten," said Tenspot.
"I can tell that, too. I know his brand
of spelling."
o
Deserved It.
Philadelphia North American.
"I shall make no apology for speaking
to you thus at length," said Senator
Wordy.
"Well, why not?" demanded one of the
opposition.
o
Tonsorlal.
Boston Globe.
The Boers not only wear voluptuous
whiskers themselves, but they are Indicat
ing an ability to beard the British lion,
too.
o 1
His Own.
Chicago News.
Ostend (reading a book of poems) Pa,
when was the romance age?
Pa When I was 20, Ostend.
a
The Women of Britain.
By Mrs. Arthur Harter.
(The following poem Is being recited by Mrs.
Langtry In New York. It has made a great
"hit" In England:)
A word for the women of Britain,
Vfho bid their beloved good-bye,
The hueband3, the brothers, the sons who go
forth
To fight and to conquer or die.
A word for the women of Britain,
"Who part with the friend they love best.
And fighting their fears, smile up through their
tears,
When he, too, goes out with the rest.
'Tls hard for the women of Britain,
"Who stay when their warriors go,
The men who set forth are eager and mad
To measure their might with the foe.
For tbe men there's the passion of peril
That lightens the hardship they bear,
For what can't they standi with a comrade at
hand.
The death or the honor to share?
For them there's the strain of the battle.
And the Joy of the charge at Its height,
The cry of the clan, the shout of the man.
And tbe fury and throb or the fight;
In the clamor and clash of encounter
There Is valor and glory or death? .
"With the thought of the woman who loves them
To hallow their last dying breath.
But what for the women of Britain?
Ahl they need our pity the most!
In their desolate hemes they are waiting far
news
Of the dear one who dies at his pest.
For theirs Is the weariest trial.
Long vigils of pain day and night;
Sick at heart and alone, ttiey pray at God's
throne '
For the men whom they love la the fight.
And this Is the word for the women
Whose loved ones are far, far away.
That the work to be done for those who remain
None elese can accomplish but they;
And this Is the work of the wamen
Brave women of generous soul
To take eaoa her share of the sorrows the
bear.
And lighten the grief of the whale.
Tbe gentle are helping the slmp'e
Xxne and sympathy level all pride
And hearts find relief In the union of grief,
When the men fight and die side by side.
All the women of Britain are equal.
For the men share alike In tbe fray.
And tbe rich and the poor are just eSatcn k
The father ef ate usuntijr sever MM a
lie, which sftewti hew MN Hfece fc fct fce-
redlty.
It may be aeoassacy to upMlat a spwlali
census agest fs nut tfce gSTaesswt fat
Kentucky.
PetUgrew stains the aenatscn er eccaaa
sioa are constantly &rNa tto aaisla tufty.
He ought to saake that sMskv
The British have met with fair aweeoon
in surrottiHBRg aa eneionsl kopje but
thus far have ijet aem'wusaad sne Crete.
A burglar was ieteoted m Saleea by
means of a 9tM which he earrted. Ad
yet there are these who assy that it te a
good book.
Rev. Mr. Sfceldea has roJnod the priee ot
his paper. Bat he eaM he we sstng te
conduct It on a high ptose, as as ass
can object.
Now data the tMa-vataes noaiaiaoy t
Commit ta m ornery
A yarn about a bateaet
That haeked a efeecry tree.
An Eastern paper offers a vewocd ef 0
to a man who will name tb Btoasoot tow
in the country. Here te a ease where Ta
coma and Seattle may have a dhaaoa to
settle their differences m the eoects.
While the "Daly power" hi Xowaasa may
have been checked by the elciaMsn ef
Clark, the returns new eooitng h wewM
indicate that It required a good tmx?
checks to attain tbe doolred end.
A country, correspondent says a sirsag
man visited his town, hired a beat and
pulled up the river. He must have been
as successful as the man who went to
a tree, sawed it down and then sawed tti ue.
At least 29 per cent ef tbe persons who
call at the courthouse- for the purpeee ef
registration, walk through the maht hall
with the big sign, with three-foot letters
staring them in the faee, reading, "Voters,
register here," and ask, "Where is tho
registration office?" When the sign is
pointed out, they apologia- for hairing boon
so short sighted and stsoid, and pass en.
A parallel case is found m the experience
of old Policeman Hudson, a tow years
ago. He had juet donned a brand-new
uniform, and was leisurely patretitng Ms
beat, a bright silver star pinned conspic
uously on the breast of his coat, when a
man approached and saluted Mm "Hone,
Hudson, what are you doing no? Aye yen
still on the police force?"
Who now is to play "Pwdd'-nhond Wil
son?" Descent from aire to sen was na
tural, and Edwin Mayo made, at least, a
good substitute picture, though ho tacked
some of his father's dramatic gttte. Among
the well-known American eosMdtans and
character actors where can wa call to
mind one who can play tbe anoint Mis
souri lawyer without clients? Certniniy
not Sol Smith Russell, nor Nat GoooVin,
nor E. H. Sothern, nor W. H. Crane, nor
Frank Daniels, nor J. K. Stoadart, nor .
M. Holland, nor John Drew, nor half a
dozen others who have achieved auccoao.
Will the death of Edwin Mayo, reported
yesterday, end "Puddfnbead WHson Jnet
as "Lord Dundreary died wtth the eMer
Sothera? It should not be sot Tho thumb-
mark detective Is so orlstnal. so qnnlwf.
and, withal, so Interesting a character that
the stage can ill afford to lose Mnu For
tunately, "Pudd'nhead Wilson" earn not ae
removed from his place ta Americas, lit
erature. a
"The Absent-Minded BejeaT.w
(A contribution to the o&aea of aowWara feaa
IMes.) (Reprinted ay reqaest.)
When you've shouted "Rale BrManata," when
you've sung- "Gad 8tve the tfriooin"
When yeu've Soteaea ktmng Kraar wKa
your mouth.
Will you kindly drop a shHnag la ajr netia
tambourine
For a gentleman In Mutkl ereeretl poutfcg
He's an absent-minded beggar and Ma weak
nesses are great.
But we and Paal Baost take Mat-as wo ftnd
him;
He la out on aetlve servJee wiping eeetetMeg
off a. slate.
And he's left a let o' little things -eeMaai Mas.
Duke's son cook's so sea, e a fcaadred!
kings,
(Fifty thousand beree and feet getngr to
Table Bay),
Each of 'em doing- Ms eeaatay's wwric (and
who's to look after their thiagog)
Pass the hat for yew credit's safee aad
pay pay pay!
There are girls be married seoret, asktoer bo
permission te.
For he knows he wooWa't get it K he-atai
There Is gas and eoals and vittles, and Aa
house rent falling e.
And it's more the rather Wsarn.taeers a
kid. '
There are girls he walked wttt easest; they'll.
be sorry now he's gone,
For an absent-iBleeeo Beggar they wnt and
States, at 35 ho was appointed United ten historical articles and breezy narra-J in tbo hearts r the nation today,
him;
But it ain't the titae fer sensens with the win
ter eoralBg on
We must help the girl that Tamays left be
hind htm.
Cook's son duke's son -eon ec a honed atari.
Sen of Lamfeeta. pnMtasn-H'B a the
same today;
Bach oT era. deteg Ma aaantry's work (and
who's to look after the girl?)
Pass the hat ftw yew ereotrs sake and
pay pay pay I
There are famines by thwioanoo far tee preoa
te beg or speak,
And they'll put their sUaka and beantng no
therpout.
And they'll live an half a neMes pa '
punctual Bee a. weeit,
Cause the man that earaed the wae is er-
deredoat. v a
He's an absent-minaed bessar, hat he hears
his eeontry's eaM,
And his regiment sMn't ee a4 n
He chweked Ms and hV-aa the Job
before bs an w-.
Is te help the heme toot Tonnny'a Mfc beMna
him.
Duke's son cook's sen aaraene Mtaaneti
greera
Mews or palae or paaer-snaa tnterera
orxno U me aWf.
Kach of 'em doteg Ms eeBtoywOpSei ad
who's to look af- the mcm)
Pass, the hat yonr ereonfs aafce and
pay pay pay!
Let va manege so- aa hvter w een taafc Mn. is
the faae .
And tell him what he'd vety aaareer
That while he saed the eaiptae nnr easfHBnar
saved his pteae.
And bis mates (that's yo ana, we) tacked
out for her.
He's a ateest-Mlaae beggac and he mast
target it all; i-
3tit -we do not want Ma kosaaes to BSaMaa
him '
That we sent 'es ta the weckhooua whUe tnefif
daddy hammered Pawl,
So we'll help the heme that Teniwur'a left be
hind Mm.
he aw af a satM-
Coek's home duke's haaae-
Jena ire
(Fifty thauoand AWi and laat setae? ta
TaMeBay),
Beck of 'em dating Ma cannery week (and
what have yott got to aaaee?)
Pass the- hat tar yaw areola's sake and
pay pay part
(CopTriffbt, 1W. by tie Xo4en Dais Ma&Jl