THE MOBNING OREGOKIAtf, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1900.
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PORTUAXD, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 1C.
TBK RIGHT OP BXPAXSIOX.
Expansion- has ever been a principle
with every nation that has had op
rcrtunlty to expand. It has been es
pecially so with the United States of
America. Professor Albert Bushnell
Hart in Harper's Magazine shows that
the expansionists and antl-expansion-iBts
of this day are threshing over old
eta ; that the whole Held of annexa
ti m and colonial governments was cov
cr. d thoroughly by the founders of
the Union in the first thirty years of
t ar history, and that the constitution
makers of that day believed they had
settled all the territorial problems
w hich are now giving Senator Hoar and
his associate anti-expansionists so
much trouble.
Jefferson, whose notions of constltu
tiunal limitation Inclined him to side
with the opponents of expansion, nev
ertheless, under stress of circum
stances, became the most effectual- ex
pansionist in our history! Yet he shot
far below the mark when he said,
after the acquisition of the vast Louis
iana territory, that the country now
' had room enough for our descendants
to the thousandth and thousandth
generation." Only three generations
hae elapsed; yet much of the coun
try is Ailed, even so-called waste
places are being largely occupied, and
our people begin to want and need
room.
The main argument against expan
sion always has been distance. Lou
isiana was too far away. Oregon was
tuo far away. Now the Philippines are
too far away. But distance didn't
cc iint even when it took six months- to
reach Oregon and a large percentage
cf those who started perished on the
i urney. Is distance formidable now,
when you can reach the Philippine
Islands in thirty days, with no fa
tigue, danger or privation?
But, as to governing people without
their consent. This doctrine or dogma
of abstract liberty has never given our
people any trouble. They have gone
right ahead, always, regardless of It
Pri feasor Hart shows that our fore
fathers had strong convictions on the
subject of territorial conquest, and
acted upon them. The discussions in
c ngress and the newspaper and
pamphlet literature of the day show a
Trailing belief in the right of the
I nited States to purchase territory or
to take it by the sword and hold it un
ci r a colonial system. In short, they
assumed for the United States the right
t decide the status of ceded territory,
the relations of the government to the
ra.fie inhabitants, the suppression of
cis rder, the administration of the gov
ernment of dependencies, and all ques
ts ns hich our "aatT people now dls
Xl How far expansion may be ex
it ihnt may always be a question. But
I nation limits its own right of expan
Ei n It is, however, an essential con
u j r, to the right of expansion and the
I Tmanence of potver that the basis of
c try movement shall be justice and
- I'm. National expansion, so con-V-
i d and directed, is the great civil-
1-L
g force of the world.
A FBW BRYAXISMS.
Two weighty reasons are advanced
v 1 the United States should not now
c are for the gold standard.
1 The gold taaard would rata us, aad we
r n t think of It.
- e are on the sold standard now, eo the
iratlon is unaaooDoary.
lias would be awkward to a states
re n or a party with a sense of humor.
I t to Bryantem there is nothing in
t. pruous in the idea that we are on
1,1 e gold stanoard If you are broke, but
en the double standard if you have
r r,ty in your pocket. Four years
- ne learned from the Bryan crowd
t t the gold standard caused the low
I ' os and hard times, and now we
- u.'n from the same unruffled author
- ihat we have blmetaltem and must
c htw the gold standard.
Ar other disconcerting utterance is
' A of Teller, who assures us the bill
- needles, because there has "never
1 t, an hour since 187s. even la the
e vrest panics, when there was the
i litest doubt that greenbacks would
I it-deemed m gold." "What Teller
-ai have thought, or thought he
'; ucht. Is of course inscrutable; tut
V is certain that large numbers of
at smen who took thneelves very
pi rk usly nave been asserting that the
s, er dollar is Juet as much "coin'' as
th gold dollar, and quite as fair a
tr-1er to the country's creditors, -and
II dt the secretary of the treasury
El uld pay the government's notes in
E d or siHrar, at his pleasure. If Tel
I - is right, numbers of Bryanke agi-
rs have been wrong;, and many pro
f ed patriots have thought them
e es in doubt at a time when. Teller
" 5 there was no doubt at all. This
r ark of the senator's te rather a se-
e reflection on the intelligence of his
' t agitated and vociferous followers.
A hen Bryan accepted the nomination
' :sf6 in a speech delivered at Mad-
- Square garden, he said that free
age would Instantly raise the price
i er all over the world to $1 38 an
e The speech was printed next
r m ing in B the papers of the coun-
but this did not prevent Bryan's
t ' intetBUgent followers from deny-
ihat he ever made the assertion.
"" thought it was ridiculous, as it
.. md so they were assured he never
said it. "When they could no tenser
deny Its authenticity, they turned
around and said it was gospel truth.
Something- like this, It is- to be feared,
Is In store for the chastened: Bryan
ooraoy this year; for Oockrell, speak
ing In the senate to the reform bill,
said:
All the silver that could come to this country
.under a -free-coinage law would be easily ab
sorbed by the United States, and not the plight
eet difficulty would be experienced In maintain
ing the value of the diver dollar.
"We reproduce Mr. Oockrell's words
now, because we shall probably have
occasion to refer to them In June and
also in November. He states the free
sliver doctrine just as It stood in 1896.
If it is true, there is no reason why
Bryan shouldn't be elected president In
preference to McKinley. If it Is con
trary to all experience with money,
he will deserve election by the same
majority he got in 1S96.
SUGGESTIONS FROM SCHORMAN.
"We allowed Africa to be sliced up
by European powers," says President
Schurman, of Cornell, and "it Is our na
tional crime." This Is pretty strong
doctrine for a man who was accounted
an "anti-imperialist" when he became
the head of the Philippine commission,
about a year ago. The true anti is
fully persuaded now that the dismem
berment of Asia or Africa is no concern
of ours. "What are we to China or
China to us? Here is our owm dung
hill; let us sit here and crow.
But President Schurman says we
should have prevented the dismember
ment of Africa, Whatever he means to
say, his words are not lightly to be set
aside. He is a learned man and an
acute thinker. English loyalist by
birth, he took, first honors at London
university In Greek, English, logic,
philosophy and political economy at
the age of 23. He has learned pretty
much all that Paris, Edinburgh, Hei
delberg and Gottingen can teach. His
books are discursive and profound, on
philosophy, eyolution, agnosticism and
religion. He has studied European na
tions from Scotland to the Peloponne
sus at their seats of government, and
has studied Asia in Asia. And he says
we sinned against ourselves when we
permitted the dismemberment of Af
rica. What he says must have some
thing In It.
The context shows what Dr. Schur
man meant. He is speaking of the
threatened: dismemberment of China
and he conceives our duties to Asia
and Africa measurably identical. Why
have we a duty regarding China? On
two accounts China and ourselves.
Our national welfare is the first con"
slderatlon. When we suffer China to
be apportioned among the powers, es
pecially among powers of exclusive
trade policies Russia, Germany and
France we cut off markets for our
products. Selfishness should show us
that mistake. The partition of Africa
shows It. Except where England is
suzerain, in Egypt or at the Cape, Af
rica i9 fenced off by German, or
French, or Italian, or Portuguese, or
Dutch regulations. We can do no
business if they can retain it for them
selves. So it Is with Africa. So it
would be with Asia but for protests,
made pertinent by our presence at Ma
nila. Because we are an Asiatic power
we demand the open door in Chinese
ports, and. we get it.
But there is something else. Our
business in Asia is part for ourselves,
but part also for others. We shall
serve ourselves, but we shall also serve
the Asiatics. As Dr. Schurman views
it, the outcome is this:
Blgrht million people with immortal souls have
been redeemed from the tyranny of ages, and
our mission is to share with them our highest
American chillzatlon and liberty. They will
accept our flag, our education, and then our
mission will be accomplleshed. It will be their
flag and ours, their glory and ours, their prl3e
and ours, emblem of the Orient In Its highest
and noblest form.
This is a fitting sentiment to come
from a man who knows the history of
life upon this planet It recognizes
that In every organism from the sim
plest form almost Indistinguishable
from a globule of slimy ooze to the
complex body of modern society, are
to be found side by side the self-regarding
function and the other-regard
ing function. The most rudimentary
bit of protoplasm, without brain, or
gans or parts, puts by a store for
something else. The salmon that enters
the Columbia river from the ocean has
but one thought, to deposit and fertilize
his spawn far up the stream where
his children will have a fighting chance
for life; and in that almost Insane
flight he dashes out his life on the rocks
and shallows hundreds of miles from
the sea. The father-bird comforts his
mate upon the nest by singing to her
from the bough. The cat will go hun
gry that her young may feed, the dog
will give his life for his master, the
thoroughbred will land his rider first
under the wire though he feels that
every breath he breathes may be his
last. And man, in every nation whose
capacity to live has not been supplant
ed by the stamp of decay, will leave
his lands and treasures, his ambi
tions and his family, however dear, and
freely put his life in jeopardy when,
In the time of need, he hears his coun
try's mustering bugles blow.
So if a man thinks he llveth to him
self alone, he Is wrong. If a nation
thinks its only concern is its own ad
vancement, it will live long enough to
learn otherwise. When it Is serving
itself, It is serving humanity; and if
it is not fit to serve humanity, its work
is done and it will go down. Nature
gives strength .to those who can carry
on her work, and that work is prog
ress. She has not endowed this nation
with all Its resources and power, merely
for its own gratification. It has a work
to do in the world, and that work does
not consist of sitting in the ingle-nook
while storms of oppression and injus
tice are raging without over the heads
of the helpless and downtrodden. It
is important to be prosperous at home
and keep a clear conscience. But the
work by which we shall be judged is
rwbat we do for the world.
Ex-Consul Macrum is evidently a
bumpkin, suffering from vanity and
swell-head. He says that letters ad
dressed to him were stopped-at Cape
Town, and other letters were opened
by the official censor at Durban. Also,
he offers the insinuation that there Is
a secret treaty between the United
States and Great Britain. His "charges"
have been taken up in the house of rep
resentatives, and Secretary Hay is to
be called on for an answer. Undoubt
edly the secretary will give It. Of
course, the Insinuation, or virtual as
sertion, that there Is a secret treaty
between the United States and Great
Britain is without foundation. As to
steppage of letters by the British au
thorities, we shall learn about that,
on inquiry. The subject Is one that
affords very proper matter for invest!- I
gation. But it is evident that Macrum I
is a cheap fellow, hankering for no
toriety. This seems to explain his In
tense and persistent desire to leave his
post and come to the United States at
the public expense.
MOUXTED TROOPS "WIUC TURX THE
SOAIiE.
The movement of Lord Roberts in
force Into the Orange Free State gives
the color of truth to the assumption
that General Bullets third attack on
the Boer lines across the Tugela river
was intended as a demonstration to
keep the Boer force in Natal until it is
too late for the Boer commander-in-chief
to send reinforcements to Ma
gersfontein) in time to influence events
impending there. If Lord Roberts'
movement proves a success, it will
compel the Boers to withdraw both
from Kimberley and Natal to prevent
the occupation ,of the Orange Free
State. General Buller cannot carry the
Boer positions on the Tugela, but his
army Is strong enough not only to de
fend itself from attack, but to take in
stant advantage of any important
weakening of the Boer intrenched lines
on the Tugela.
The situation has been compared to
Grant's holding ee's attention so com
pletely before Richmond that Sherman
was able after the evacuation of At
lanta by Hood to march rapidly
through Georgia to Savannah and
through the Carolinas to Goldsboro, N.
C. The comparison is not a just one,
for Sherman, owing to Hood's "wild
goose" invasion of Tennessee, found no
enemy to oppose his march through
Georgia, and no enemy in the Carolinas
until he had almost reached Goldsboro.
Lord Roberts, on the contrary, will
be obliged to meet and beat a very
strong Boer army before he can ex
pect to break the Boer grip on Natal.
Nevertheless, to be able to transfer
the fighting with an adequate army
from such Impregnable fighting ground
as the Boer Intrenched line on the Tu
gela is a great tactical success, and
from the manner of its conduct thus
far Lord Roberts appears to appreci
ate the value of mounted troops.
If his mounted troops are numerous
enough, Ixrd Roberts ought to be able
to circumvent the Boers. Even as long
ago as our civil war the army of the
Potomac under Grant would probably
have failed in the great campaign from
the Rapidan to Petersburg, had it not
been for the 'skillful conduct of our
12,000 cavalry under Sheridan. Mc
Clellan despised cavalry in modern
war until "Jeb" Stuart rode around his
army and showed him the military
Weakness of his position, with White
House, on the Pamunkey, for a base.
Hooker, with all his faults, did appre
ciate the value of a fine force of
mounted men, and it was our cavalry
under Buford thatbegan the battle of
Gettysburg, and it was the, absence of
Stuart's cavalry on a wild goose ride
that lost Lee victory in this campaign,
for he lost the "eyes" of his army.
The breaking up of Stuart's cavalry
by Sheridan in Grant's campaign was
of the greatest possible service. Had
Forrest and Wheeler been launched
promptly against Sherman's communi
cations when he started1 from Dalton to
Atlanta, It Is quite probable he would
never have forced the evacuation. oy.sl&nlflcant glanceg were exchan&ed b;
itiiJ?t..jSio- PeopUVwhUe the president of
aiij, .L'iriicab auu nuclei uiutcu -iicis&
at least 15,000 splendid horsemen,
Forrest was allowed to fritter away
his strength defending Mississippi un
til it was too late to break up Sher
man's communications in Georgia, and
Stuart was too weak in Virginia to beat
off Sheridan's troopersv Sheridan owed
all his success in the Shenandoah val
ley to the superior numbers and qual
ity of his cavalry, or, rather, mounted
riflemen. If Lord Roberts has from
15,000 to 25,000 mounted riflemen, he
will whip the Boers, but without that
force he can hardly hope for success.
A CHARITABIiB VIEW.
Dr. McKechnle, of Seattle, Is out In a
newspaper of that city in a protest
against the prevailing style of trailing
skirts when worn upon the street. His
concern In the matter is based solely
upon the hygienic aspect of the filthy
custom, and, needless to say, Is well
based. Cajllng upon a New York bac
teriologist for an opinion established
upon investigation to support his own
in the premises, he received the follow
ing reply:
In the hem of a woman's skirt, which I have
just been examining, I found germs of pneu
monia, diphtheria, typhoid fever, ccarlet fever,
tuberculosis, and any one of which would be
enough. If inhaled, to cause a person to be af
flicted with one of the deadly diseases men
tioned. Thus fortified, Dr. McKechnle con
tinued his investigations, and has now
spoken as follows:
Half the women who walk down on a shop
ping tour go home with the germs of some
deadly disease In their skirts. I did not know
this could be so serious, or had not thought
much about It, rather, until I saw the result
of this analysis; but since then I have been
looking into the tiny germs, that are found on
the sidewalks, and, taking some observations
from one of the prominent corners, where
women pass whenever they come down town.
The trailing skirt upon the street is
sufficiently disgusting to look upon, as
It carries the sawdust from the floor of
the butcher shop, the cigar stumps
from the crossing and the mud from
the sidewalks, literally in Its train.
Neither is it a pleasant sight to see it
lap up the expectoration that stands in
pools at many corners, much as the
mopping process is needed in such
places. But all of this falls into insig
nificance when we read the story that
the microscope reveals of the findings
In the hem of a woman's skirt, just in
from sweeping the street. "Germs of
pneumonia, diphtheria, typhoid fever,
scarlet fever, tuberculosis." faugh!
The recital causes nausea, even as the
spectacle of the whiskings and sweep
ings of the trailing skirt on street pa
rade causes disgust. The only explana
tion of the recurrence of this fashion in
cycles is that periodically there must
be a decrease from unknown causes of
the gray matter in the female brain.
Not wishing to be unnecessarily severe
in our judgment, we advance this the
ory as a charitable view of the matter.
The only amendments adopted by the
senate to the original draft of the re
form bill are the concession to "inter
national bimetalism" and the provision
for national banks with 525,000 capital
in small towns, the minimum limit now
being $50,000. The bill defines the
standard of value to be the dollar of
26.8 grains of gold, and requires all
money and notes to be redeemed in
gold on demand. A reserve .fund of
5150,000,000 is established, to replenish
which the treasury may issue 3 per
cent bonds. Gold certificates are au
thorized, and the field of small paper
I currency is given wholly over to sliver
certificates. The chief difference be-
tween the senate and house bills Is the
senate's refunding scheme, which will
enable the government to replace Its 4
and 5 per cent bonds with 2 per cent
bonds payable In gold. The bill passed
by the house December 18, and this one
passed by the senate, are now expected
to go to conference, after formal non
concurrence by the house. It has been
impossible to gain any trustworthy In
dication as to the probable result of
the conference and the fate of the sen
ate's refunding scheme. Of the pass
age of a law affirming the gold stand
ard and Inaugurating the beginnings of
currency reform no doubt is enter
tained. It is scarcely less than appalling to
see the avidity with which new tax
levies are eaten up by officialism.
Within a few years, for example, the
state of New Tork has had In opera
tion an excise law, which greatly in
creases the income of the state treas
ury. There is also a franchise measure
which will add another large sum to
this income, yet the cry is "more,
more," and! to satisfy It it Is now pro
posed to tax mortgages and the depos
its In savings banks. The burden of
these levies will fall directly upon a
class of people who are not supposed to
be able to pay taxes, and whose thrift
it is the policy of wise lawgivers to en
courage. The opposition to the pro
posal Is therefor strong, but since of
ficialism says more money is needed,
and other classes of personal -property
is much more difficult to get at than
that mentioned, it is probable that the
effort will succeed. A stand will have
to be made against this blood-sucklng
power somewhere, and soon, but it is
doubtful whether it can be made suc
cessfully In New York, dominated as
that state is to the very core by cor
rupt officialism.
Neutralization of the canal will cer
tainly make it easier to enlist capital
in the enterprise, and with an interna
tional guarantee of neutrality the canal
company would collect tolls from the
warships of both belligerents, if they
should have occasion to use it, no one
would be likely to damage or obstruct
the canal, and, while the presence of
the warships of one belligerent in the
vicinity of It might deter the merchant
vessels of the other belligerent from
approaching It, there would probably
not be much interruption of the canal's
business from this source unless the
United States or one of the nations still
nearer the canal were one of the bel
ligerents. As an investment, the canal
would be far more attractive with an
international guarantee of neutrality
than without it. It may even be hoped
some way will now appear by which
government aid of the canal may be
reduced to a small figure.
Colonel Bryan made some remarks at
Carnegie hall, New Tork, on the 7th
Inst., that have been construed by
many as evidence of his willingness to
"hedge" on free silver. He said:
However positive, however emphatic I may bo
tonight in the expression of certain ideas, I rec
ognize the fallibility of the human intellect. I
recognize the fact that I may be wrong and
others may be right. I reserve the right to
speak and think differently .when I am con
vinced that I am wrong. "
As Bryan uttered these sentences.
a gold democratic club smiled broadly
and joined in the applause. But Bryan
is unwise to show signs of lukewarm
ness in his devotion to silver. New
.York Is not for him, and when he at
tempts to placate the Inhabitants of
"the enemy's country" he runs risk of
weakening himself in communities that
are still afflicted with the silver lunacy.
The money of thi3 country stands on
the gold basis, and has so stood for
more than sixty years. Yet there have
been great efforts during the past
twenty-five years to throw it off that
basis. Now at last congress has
reached the point of giving an em
phatic negative and rebuff to these ef
forts. It proposes to confirm the gold
standard and to palter no more with
the subject. This is the significance of
the action taken in the senate yester
day. The trust lacks a great deal of being
a new feature of business. Nearly 700
years ago the spice-dealers of London
organized a trading guild, or fraternity,
known as "The Pepperers," whose
members showed about as keen a de
gree of self-interest as our modern
combinations.
The recorder of The Dalles has in
quiries from nineteen different firms
who want to buy bonds to be Issued
by the town next month. Money is so
abundant and cheap that the Times
Mountaineer thinks It possible the
bonds may be taken at less than 4 per
cent. And this under the terrible gold
standard.
The contest in Kentucky, let it be not
forgotten, is to determine whether the
state shall have fair or fraudulent elec
tions. The people of the United States
know which of the political parties there
is seeking to overthrow the right of
majority rule.
A long session of congress will not be
an unmixed evil this year. The coun
try needs education, and the process
goes on to best advantage In. connec
tion with debates at Washington.
NOTE AXD COMMEKT.
Now Kentucky Is beginning to expe
rience the day-after feeling.
That Fenian raid into Canada seems to
havo gone the way of Pennoyer's boom
for president.
Perhaps, if this winter had not been
quite so wide open the cold wave couldn't
havo crawled in.
This Is the kind of a day when the pop
ular determination to lynch the author of
"Beautiful Snow" Is revived.
Bryan would have not dared to denounce
New Jersey in the summer time. They
would have sicked the mosquitoes on him.
On Wednesday the dry goods store win
dows were full of spring dimities. Yes
terday they were replaced by sanitary
underwear.
That apricot tree which has been bloom
ing across the river has no' doubt discov
ered that there Is such a thing as being
too previous.
??ow doth the- luckless urchin
Repose In bitter woe,
For ere he goes out coasting
He has to shovel enow.
Aguinajdo's faith In the ultimate triumph
J of the great democratic jfarry seems to-
bo so great that he has left the Philip
pines for it to take care of when the sala
triumph Is pulled off.
When William Jennings Bryan flrst went
to Nebraska, he was hired to take the
stump against Thayer, who was running
for governor, and said some hard" things
against the candidate. "Thayer was elect
ed," Bryan said. "After he took the gov
ernor's chair ho was called to be toast
master at a banquet at which I was set
down for a speech. I did not care to go to
that banquet. I did not wish to meet the
governor. I remembered all that I had
said of him, and I felt cheap. But I went,
and sat there through the early proceed
ings quite uncomfortable. Finally It came
time for the governor to call upon me.
He rose from his seat, with the pro
gramme before him, and slowly said: llr,
Bryan Bryan.' Then he slowly turned his
eyes upon me and addressed jne: 'Do you
speak or sing?' That is all I ever heard
from Governor Thayer as to what he
thought of my campaign speeches against
him."
TYTien the snow flies, gentle Annie,
And the walling- winter wind
Contradicts one Shakespeare's statement
That there's something more unkind;
When the cook la busy pounding
At the pipe which runneth not.
And apprentice plumbers saunter
For the tools the boss forgot;
"When the "warmer-weather" signal
To the breezes doth unfold,
"When the feet crunch on the pavement.
And the very stoves are coaled;
When the features of the Ice man
Wear a vivid Indigo,
And the beaming fuel dealer
Watches while his prices grow;
When the urchin with his bob sled
Courts the hillside's many charms
And la brought home on a stretcher
Wearing broken legs and arms;
When the merry sleigh belja Jingla
With a crystalline delight.
And a cutter can bo hired
For a hundred plunks a night;
When the column of quicksilver
Shrinks bejond the lowest notch.
Don't you think, O gentle Annie,
You could make me a hot-scotch?
Very old persons and very young persons
are apt to be great sticklers for etiquette.
Queen Victoria is an example of the one,
and Lord Beauchamp, the present British
governor of New South Wales, of the oth
er. Since the latter has occupied the gov
ernment house at Sydney he has been at
great pains to make official receptions as
Imposing and dignified as possible. With
this nd in view, he has ordained that
only guests of a certain rank should be
permitted to approach the presence
through designated doors. To these blue
tickets are awarded; to others, of Inferior
mold, white. At a recent function,
through some mismanagement, an impor
tant public man received a blue card,
while a white one was sent to his wife,
and when the pair reached the audience
chamber there was trouble. The 1idy de
clined to bo separated from her husband or
to abandon the aristocratic blue ranks. An
aide-de-camp endeavored to reason with
her, and explain the commotion that would
ensue if blue and white were suffered to
mingle together. But the fair one was
equal to the occasion. "Nonsense," said
she, as she pressed forward; "what do
you take us for? A seldlltz powder?" The
aide collapsed. And yet It is sometimes
said that women have no sense of humor.
a
FOUR YEARS TOO IATE.
Democrats Talltlns Novr of Running
a Man Thnt Could Have Been
Elected.
Chicago Times-Herald.
The lnterst.ng news comes from Indiana
that democrats of that state would prefer
Richard Olney to William J. Bryan for
their presidential candidate, and that they
are now working for the former's'nomlna
tion. Much might be said for their pref
erence, but they are just four years late.
The time to have worked for Olney or any
man of his stamp was during the four
or five months' preceding the egregious
blunders of 1896.
At that time, however, the then secre
tary of sf.ate was only mentioned casually
by a few of the more Intelligent members
of the party. He was thought of pri
marily, as were Governor Russell, of his
state, and one or two others, because he
was sound on the money question. It was
also said in his favor that he was a man
of strong character and iron will, and that
as premier of President Cleveland s cab
inet ho had shown himself to be an ag
gressive American. People remembered
his ringing declaration, "The United
States is sovereign on this continent
and its flat is law," and realized that he
was the author of a modern version of the
Monroe doctrine which had come to stay.
But It was enough for the crazy Chicago
convention that Olney was sane on the
money question. He and all who thought
as he did on that subject were taboo,
though the ablest leaders of the party
were found among them, and what a show
ing the very flrst ballot made. Here is
the list: Bryan, 119; Bland, 235; Pattlson,
95; Matthews, 37; Boies, 85; Blackburn, 83;
McLean, 54; Tillman, 17; Pennoyer, 8; Tel
ler, 8; Stevenson, 7; Russell, 2; Hill, 1;
Campbell, 1.
There were 178 delegates who refrained
from voting because they knew it would
be as sensible to take a ballot In Bedlam,
and the division above the name of Russell
tells the story. We find there one re
publican, one gold democrat who was in
no sense a national leader and who was
proposed as a compromise, and for the
rest the smallest lot of politicians that
were ever given such prominence. Read
against them the names of Cleveland.
Bayard, Thurman, Randall, McDonald,
Carlisle and Hendricks, which appeared
in the convention of 1884.
Truly, Mr. Olney would have been a
giant among such pygmies, and though
no democrat could have won in 1896, such
a democrat as he might have held his
party together in a compact, vigorous or
ganization ' which would have been with
out the deadly silver load today. But
the harm is done, and it is impossible to
rectify It four years after. If the Chi
cago platform should be reaffirmed a can
didate like Olney would be out of the
question. If it should be repudiated the
Instability of democratic principles would
incline the people to treat the party as a
Joke. Indiana's hindsight is good as such,
but it Is not helpful in the present
emergency.
6 i '
WISE RESERVE.
The President's Statesmanlike For
bearance Regarding Kentucky
New York Times, dem.
Events confirm the wisdom of the presi
dent In refusing to Intervene in the af
fairs of Kentucky.
For any such intervention there Is not
the slightest justification. The request
for it comes from Taylor, who has resorted
to very extreme and doubtful measures to
secure his control of the state. It is to
all intents a request for partisan aid, and
would not have been dreamed of if the ad
ministration had been opposed to him In
politics. It is a confession that he cannot
hope to attain his end through the action
of the state courts and the state legisla
ture, and that confession is fatal. The
settlement of. such disputes as have been
fomented in this case is among the things
for which the courts of the state exist.
It is a matter with which in its present
form the government of the United States
has no more to do than It has with the
divorce laws of the state or the sanitation
of Frankfort. The governor derives his
power solely from the state constitution,
which creates his office and defines the
way In which It shall be filled. The leg
islature and the courts derive their pow
ers from the same source. The whole
fabric of the state government Is the cre
ation of the people of the state for the
conduct of their own affairs, and it must
be left to them to manage unless Its very
existence is threatened and the United
States Is called on In the way prescribed
by law to protect it.
It Is alleged that the laws under which
Goebel was about to be declared gov
ernor were unjust and unfair, and that the
' processes by which the declaration was se-
cured were irregular and illegal. If. this
be so. the offense is not against the United
States, and the United States severBment
has no business to meddle with It. It
is exclusively the affair of the people of
Kentucky, who have courts competent to
deal with it. It Is asserted that the courts
are partisan, and will not do justice. That
may be true. Nevertheless, Kentucky
must abide by the action of its own courts
until they can be changed in due pro
cess of orderly election. It is neither the
duty nor the right of the federal govern
ment to decide what Is justice or legality
In Kentucky. The state must settle Its
own difficulties unless iney assume the.
definite farm contemplated by the provis
ions of the federal constitution and laws.
Of this there Is no sign, ,
a
IS IXTERNATIOXAI. IiAW.
The Canal Is Only Susceptible
Control Thronjrh Sea Power.
of
New York Tribune.
The Nicaragua canal will be mere Intl-
i mately associated with this country's
peace and comfort than tshe Suez canal is
with Great Britain's. It. will be a high
way between our two coasts and the only
waterway between them, while the Suez
canal Is only one of two routes between
Great Britain and some of her colonies.
Nevertheless, in International law the two
are theoretically the same, and the same
rules may logically be applied to both.
In brief, the rules provide that In both
peace and war all ships of all nations
shall be free to use the canal. If we were
at war with some nation we should have
no right to block the canal against Its
ships nor to attack them while they were
traversing' it. In it and in the waters for
three miles around its mouths belligerents
would be forbidden to attack each other.
But no belligerent ship would be allowed
to remain in the canal as in an asylum.
It would have to pass right through, and
as soon as it got outside of the neutral
waters It would be subject to attack. We
could not blockade the mouth of the canal
within a distance of three miles. But out
side of the three-mile line our navy .could
form a cordon or maintain a patrol that
would effectively bar the canal to the foe
It is scarcely supposable that many hos
tile ships would care to pass through a
canal under our Inspection and run the
risk of finding a squadron of ours waiting
for it three miles out from the other end.
Nor is it supposable that any power would
try the desperate expedient of seizing
the canal and holding it for its own
against us. That would be to Invoke
retribution at the hands of the other mari
time powers of the world, whose rights
would thus have been Invaded and out
raged. Of course, there is always the pos
sibility of some extreme action In the exer
cise of war powers which would override
all nullify all treaty stipulations. If it
came to that, he has a poor opinion of the
United States who supposes that, with its
advantage of position. It would bo caught
napping or would fail to come out ahead
In that game.
The question seems to be whether the
United, States is big enough and brave
enough and strong enough to open this
canal to the world and trust to Its own
ability to cope with whatever Improbable
emergencies may arise, or Is so given to
seeing ghosts that It must line the canal
with fortresses and sit up o nights to
watch lest some bad pirate enter It. To
that question it should not take long to
give on answer.
e
Two Funeral Orations by Senator
Blackburn.
By the irony of fate and the exigencies
of personal ambition, It became the duty
of the Hon. Joseph C. S. Blackburn to
pronounce the funeral oration at the coffin
of William Goebel. And of Goebel Sen
ator Blackburn said:
Build here over his grave a mighty towering
granite shaft that shall defy the corroding
touch of time. Inscribe upon It an epitaph that
shall be worthy of the man. He earned this at
our hands. In life and death, he was conse
crated to the people's cause. He lived an honest
life, and gave his life for your deliverance. Of
him no eulogy but truth may say: "Earth
never pillowed upon her bosom a truer sen,
nor heaven opened wide her portals to receive
a manlier spirit."
At Covington on Sunday, April 14. 1895.
a little less than five years ago, the eulo
gist of Goebel pronounced another funeral
oration. That time he stood by the coffin
of Colonel John L. Sanford, who like
Goebel had been shot down in the high
way. And of Sanford Senator Blackburn
sold:
John Sanford was to me like a brother. I
loved him. I hope God may spare me. and I
shall make it my life's mission, to avenge him
by burylne hla slayer in the depths of merited
public execration,
The slayer of John Sanford was William
Goebel.
Ho Hearsay Evidence.
Philadelphia Press.
'Yes," the witness declared, "I could
give further evidence against the priso
ner, but as Kipling says: 'That's an
other' "
"Never mind what Kip Ling says," in
terrupted the magistrate, "the Chinee can
testify for himself when his turn comes."
Association.
Chicago Tribune.
Miss DeMuir Papa, this 13 Mr. Galloper
no, I mean Mr. Pacer.
The Young Man I beg pardon, but my
name Is Trotter.
Miss DeMuir So stupid of me. I knew
It had something to do with horses,
though.
Failed as a. Reminder.
Philadelphia Record.
The absent-minded man paused and
gazed at a bit of string tied arounS his
finger. "My wife told me to do some
thing," he mused, "but I'm blessed If I
can remember whether it was to have
my picture taken or get a tooth pulled."
'
Sir Redvers.
Porter E. Brown In Boston Globe.
Sir Redvers Buller stood upon a kopje fair and
round.
And gazed at ladysmlth. across the veldt.
And wiped a tear from out his eye, and then, he
heaved a slffh,
Twould euro havo caused an- iceman's heart
to melt.
Around hlm stood hla gallant staff with, hy
phenated names,
And medals on ihelr chest full two feet deep.
Who wore white dressed kid gloves upon their
hands whene'er awake.
And undressed ones whene'er they went to
sleep.
Tho buttons which they had would make a
bellboy turn quite green;
Pink weather strips were wound around their
calves.
And most of them wore single-barreled glazess
In their eyes
(They will insist on doing things by halves).
Sir Redvers wiped a furtive tear front out hla
eagle eye,
And longingly he gazed at Ladysmlth.
Said he: ."Sometime we'll eat our Sunday din
ner In that place,
Believe me when I say that ain't no myth.
"It seems quite strange that we who each have
seven pairs of pants.
And titles whleh we carry round In vans,
And sixty feet of choice geld braid around our
manly chests.
And white kid gloves to wear upon eur ban's,
"Should have to duclc around and dodge a lot
of rustic Boers,
Whose whiskers look like hay, of years ago.
With only one suspender not" an ejregioaa la
the bunch.
It surely Is moat horrid, dontoberknow.
"We've often thought we'd eat ur Sunday din
ner there before.
But Oom Paul Kruger does net think K best.
And surely 'twould be very taspoHte, and very
rude.
If we did not aceede to bis request.
"Perhaps he'll realize bow unkind his aatleca
reaMy are.
And let us eat our Sunday dinner there;
Until he does, we'll wander round aad go and
shoot the chutes.
We'll now return to causa and ootab ota
hair."
GOSSIP OF TBI Jf&rWtt&E a$ITAl,
WASHINGTON, It. H. The senate
has recorded ttsolt m favor of tbe gold
standard, and H Is new nenwWaty known
that whatever else nay be 6mm at this
session, or whatever may b tbe final
wording of the bill when It comes out of
conference. gold-stadrr Vegtelation Is as
sured. Alt the ranting of the dsuMcrats
failed to disturb the majority. Two dem
ocrats and every republican, front even
the stiver states, were for tbe bill. Kyle,
Independent, did not vote, but would have
supported the bill hd Ms vote been neces
sary. Chandler, ever enrlons, even to be
ing erratic, voted with tho desMerate,
pepaltets, and silver reptibnoane. 3io one
attempts to explain bis position.
The democrats do not know what the
affect of the bill will be. TMhnan's com.
ment at the close of the session befog:
"They have passed a btn which wm bang
them In Ave years, or they have ittreted
the shackles on us democrats lor all ttme."
Puerto Riee TarlS Bill.
The president Is not soma; to change bis
position la tbe matter of free tr4 with
Puerto Rice, and while be is no going
to press his position against a large ma
jority at his party in congress, be baa
said that if congress should pass a bill
levying a tariff on Mand prodnets he
would not feel it bis duty to veto it. sim
ply because it did not meet his views,
but he thought that the majority m con
gress should rate in .important matters
Hke this. At the same time he la giving
encouragement, not of an insistent kind,
to members who desire to stand with him
and oppose the duty.
The present scheme to defeat the tariff
on Puerto Rtean goods is to vote down
the bill reported by tho committee on
ways and means, and to act upon tbe bill
which wilrbs reported from tbe committee
on insular affairs for the government of
Puerto Rico alone.
The point will be made in the senate
bill, if it should be sent to tbe bouso. that
the senate has net authority to Initiate
revenue legislation which is carried in the
bill reported by Toraker. Of course, this
requires a majority in the bouse, and the
belief is expressed that at least IS re
publicans win vote against taxing island
products, believing that when the Islands
were annexed to tbe United States, the
constitution extended over thorn. The fact
is that the president still adheres to his
declaration in the message, and has lent
considerable aid to those who are op
posing the Puerto Rlcan tariff.
The friends of the tariff in the hones are
very much troublsd over tbe situation.
There seems to be no doubt, however, that
there la a clear majority in tbe senate
to oppose the Poraker bill.
Oregon Pnblle BaHdings.
Senator Simon saw several members of
the house committee today )n reference
to the Salem public building bill, and also
in behalf of the Portland poatonfce bill.
While he received no assurance that any
thing was going to be dons, he believes
that there is a possibility of getting fa
vorable action. The Portland bill will
probably be added to tbe omnibus bill,
which will embrace all appropriations for
enlarging public buildings, bearing the
approval of the secretary of tbe treasury.
Influences Behind Macram.
There is a well-grounded suspicion that
the statement made by Macrum. is a part
of a scheme to force the United States
government to take an active stand
against Great Britain In the South African
war. No one knows what influences are
behind Macrum, but the statement seems
cunningly devised to encourage the wave
of sympathy that is going over the coun
try for the Boers, coupled with the im
pression that the present administration
favors Great Britain. Democrats are al
ready seeking to take advantage of Ma
crum's statement, but some of the most
pronounced Boer sympathisers in the re
publican ranks are handling it with care,
as It is believed to be a boomerang. Kven
some of the yellowest advocates of the
Boers are eompelled to acknowledge that
Macrum has" made an ass of himself.
Chances Growing; Slim.
Quay received a distinct knockout In
the senate today after the passage of the
financial bill. Chandler antagonized the
Hawaiian bill, with the object of having
the Quay case called up, but Chandler's
proposition was drowned in a large chor
us of "noes," and the senate afterward
took up the Hawaiian bill, which means
that the Quay case is shelved for some
time to come. It is also the Intention of
the senators to follow Hawaii with Puerto
Rico, and the chances for Quay are grow
ing beautifully less. There is no appar
ent great desire in the senate to eonslder
his case while other important legisla
tion 13 pending.
Alaska Legislation.
Senator Carter, of Montana, has been
pushing along legislation for Alaska and
endeavoring to have a civil code adopted
which will satisfy the people of that coun
try. Speaking of the proposed legislation,
the senator says that he sees no reason
why there should be a delegate in congress
from Alaska, or a legislature. There is
no particular objection to a delegate, save
that the election machinery necessary
makes it almost impossible to hold elec
tions in the territory. One objection to
elections is that people are not located
definitely anywhere, and whole mining
camps get up and move to some new loca
tion, on a few days' notice, even to some
remote part of the territory.
Alaska is an example of governing the
people without the consent of the gov
erned. It is said by Commissioner Her
mann that 100,000 people will go to Alaska
in addition to those that are already there.
Most of these will be American citiaens,
and they will be governed without their
consent, just the same as the natives of
Puerto Rico or the Philippines. And the
probabilities are that they will have as
good a government as Is possible under
the conditions existing, and probably a
better government than these people could
form themselves, because their interests
are not so much in a government as in
securing good mining claims.
Senator Shobb's Interest.
Senator Sboup, of Idaho, ebalrman of
the committee on territories, devotes a
great deal of time to all the Alaska peo
ple who eome here, and are seeking the
enactment of legislation or urging changes
in the laws that have been proposed. The
committee-room in tbe senate is filled
with Alaska people a great deal of the
time, and they make It their headquarters.
Although Senator Shoup Is not a lawyer,
he gives very close attention to tbe legis
lation, and from a practical business
standpoint, and his knowledge of raining
law generally, is able to give good advice
In all the legislation that is proposed.
He has also a good many friends hi the
senate who stand with htm on the work
he dees for Alaska legislation, and a
statement regarding Alaska, bills report
ed by his committee Is accepted by the
senate without question.
Cession of Fort Hitll Reservation.
Senator Sboup and Representative Wil
son, of Idaho, wm before tbe bouse com
mittee on Indian affairs today, urging ac
tion on the bill eedtng a part of tbe Fort
Hall reservation in Idaho. It is believed
that a favorable report will be made bj
the committee.
Reason Baeagh.
Henseboid Word.
An iBspeoter of schools has been giving
In the Humanitarian a setoaskm of tbe
leading "howlers" of Ms acquaintance.
The shrewdest of ail tbe answers cams
from a very small boy. who was asked to
give a text which forbade a man to marry
two wives. Without a moment's pause,
he replied: "No man can serve two masters."
Almost Hnman In Its Bsretlam.
Chicago Tribune.
"Curses on ray fatal gift of beauty'
muttered the alligator, moving briskly
toward the swamp to escape tho bun tort
who were after his hida,