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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 15, 1900)
THE MOENING OEEGONIAN, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1900. PROFIT IN DAIRYING An Industry Superior to Exclu sive Wheat Production. , LESSONS OF ALBANY MEETING Practical Qrg&nlsatieK and Iatellt- xrcBt Ma-BagomoHt Hsscatlal to Seee Groat Interest Shown. ALBANY, Or., Feb. 14. The annual meeting of the Oregos Dairymen's Asso ciation which ended last night, was the most suooeMCal gathering of dairymen ecr held la the state. The attendance of members and of persons, not members, who are engaged in dairy pursuits, was the largest on record and more inter est was manifested In the industry than eer before. The addresses and discus sions brought out Many instructive points which dairymen will be able to utilize with profit. Dairying, though fairly well established In Oregon, may be said to be, in the modern sense, a new factor in in dustrial enterprise in this Mate. Butter and choose making and milk production for the hone and for the local mar kets have been known since pioneer days, but the era of economy in raanuacture and large production for export is only beginning. Oregon may be said to be in the transition stage between the "shirt tail" butter, which, notwithstanding its shortcoming, people have preferred to much of the Imported stuff, and the butter of commerce which will have to be almost perfection Itself to get recognition in the markets. The one is passing off the stage and the other coming on. The association adopted a resolution favoring the creation or the office of state chemist who is to have his office with the dairy commissioner. The dairy com missioner now depends on the agricultural college for tests. As this institution has plenty of work of its own and is required to attend to it ahead of outside work, freqeuntly a month elapses before the dairy commis sioner can get a report on suspicious but ter sent for examination. In the mean time the entire supply of the butter from which the sample was taken could be dis posed of. Commissioner Bailey and Pro fessor G. W. Shaw, of the agricultural col. lege, favored the motion to create the of fice of state chemist. Both said the of fice Is necessary. Southern. Paoiflc Interested. Transportation will be an Important factor in all the stages of dairy develop ment. Mow that farmers have been taught that the good cow is the cheapest In the long run, that it costs no more to feed a good cow than a poor one, and that the milk of a good cow nets larger returns than that of a poor one, a large demand Is expected to spring up for the better grades of animals. Farmers will want these animals brought to Oregon at as low a rate as possible. They are also Interested in getting their milk to the creameries and the butter and cheese to market at low rates. For these rea sons the dairymen appreciated the co-operation of the Southern Pacific railroad which the attendance of C. H. Markham, general freight and passenger agent of the company's system in Oregon, prom ises. Mr. Markham paid a membership fee and is now & full-fledged member of the association. He was cordially re ceived when he arose to give the meeting a little practical talk on dairying and to pledge the support of the Southern Pacific to make eaUrytog a great industry in Ore gon. Mr. 4ferkiMin-Md: "People sometimes ask what Interest the railroads can have in the dairy business. If the railroads are not interested, I do not know who is. Our company has 660 miles of railroad in Oregon; 400 of which are in the Willamette vaiiey. The capi talisation of our Oregon system is $30,000, 000, and the annual interest calls for a large sum. The development of the Wil lamette valley has been so slow that in the 12 years we have been operating in Oregon there has been only one year in which we came within JS09.0W of paying the Interest of the bonds of our Oregon system. "I do not know of any line of business that will bring in better returns than dairying. This valley should do a larger business in cattle than it does. Not long ago a considerable shipment of cattle from Nevada passed through Portland en route to Seattle. The rate on this shipment was $M8 a oar. Tou people of the Wil lamette valley should supply this northern demand for cattle. If you were working the dairying' Industry as it should be worked you would be supplying the de mand. "I do not know precisely what the Southern Pacific can do to promote your Industry, hut we can assure you of our good wilt, and that Is why I am here. In the matter of shipments of milk from skimming stations to creameries we will make rates as low as any other railroad in the United States operating under sim ilar conditions. We have lately made & lumber rate which ought to Increase lumber shipments to California points. We stand ready to make a reasonable rate on the cows which you will Import to build up your herds. The Southern Pacific is doing all in its power to promote the de elopment of the valley and would glad ly see dairying become a great industry." Bnttor and Its Substitute. Professor O. W. Shaw's address on "Butter Substitutes" contained a vast amount of valuable Information. It was an object lesson of the very best char acter Two canvases stretched across the platform contained data illustrating the points brought out. One named the miterlals which the Eastern packing houses have after slaughter and showed tho disposition made of ever' bit of ma t -ll Another showed the composition of milk and the composition of butter in contrast with oleomargarine. The composition of mttk was given &s fol lows Per cent Jter ...... 87.50 1'at S.n nseln .... ...,... 8.15 Milk sugar M 4.M Ash Total M9.03 Butter and etaenaargartnc were con trasted hr those figures: Oteomar Buttor. serine. . pereeni. percent. TV-ater UJIt 11.8 Solids UMt m.TK Total ,TM.m Solid Insoluble fate H.m Soluble fats ?.Mt Casein a- Salt st lAft AAA AVvw Sl.lM I.SSS e.us Total u.m 86.7S7 Professor Shaw prefaced Ms remarks with a brief historical review of the rise of the manufacture of butter substitutes. He said the people are to blame for much of the adulterated food products that are on the market Taey have been de manding something cheap and the man ufacturer, responding to the demand, has emrked experienced chemists to study methods and make as good a substitute is possible for butter. A good quality of oleomargarine cannot be told without an slvsis from butter. Place a roll of oleo margarine and a roll of butter side by side and an expert cannot tell by looking at them which Is the oleomargarine and which the butter. It Is to the interest of the oleomargarine manufacturer to make h product look as much as possi ble like l'jtter. both In the manufacture and the packing. He seeks to give it rr attractive appearance. In fact, I ould prefer oleomargarine to much of the rointr butter that is sold in our stores " Professor Shaw here exhibited a box of process butter, which fetate Dairy Com missioner Bailey recently seized and sent to the agricultural college for examina tions. The stuff was not In good condi tion, as It had been in a room heated to .72 deg. lor three -weeks. Professor Shaw called attention to the neat box used by the oleomargarine manufacturer, and the j tasty manner In which the stuff had been packed to make it attractive. He ven tured the assertion that people who make good butter are not so careful in their methods. Explaining the manufacture of process butter, Professor Shaw said: ' "It is not oleomargarine but process butter that will give our farmers the hard est fight in the markets. Vast quanti ties of process butter have been manufac tured the past few years, and much of it has found its way into Oregon. It is made of rancid butter bought from grocers. They who make It buy the rancid butter from the grocers at soap-grease prices. The first step to purify the rancid butter is to melt It. Steam Is blown through It to remove the bad odors. Then the liquid butter is sprayed through ice water. The spraying suddenly cools the butter and returns it to the globular condition in which we find It in the churn. Then the stuff is rechurned In buttermilk to give it the flavor of butter. After this it is probably treated with saltpeter, which, however, is carefully washed out Pro cess butter Is one of the most dangerous products with which th farmer has to compete. It Is made very cheaply, is hard to distinguish from pure butter, and when put on the market in large quanti ties is sure to force prices down." Speaking of the healthfulness of butter products, Professor Shaw said that expert ments had shown that 08 per cent of nor mal butter is digestible, and 97 per cent of oleomargarine. The difference in the melt ing point between the two substances Is not sufficient to affect digestibility. The point which most concerns the farmers is that the oleomargarine is put on the market as butter and sold as such when It should be sold as oleomargar ne. Any person has a right to manufacture or buy oleomargarine, but the stuff should not be marketed labeled as genuine butter. Professor Shaw next referred to a butter fake that swindled a large number of Northwestern farmers not long ago. They bought a preparation called black pepsin which was guaranteed to make 100 pounds of butter if mixed in the proper propor tion with 50 pounds of butter and 50 pounds of milk. Answering a question by Dairy Commis sioner Bailey, Professor Shaw said that oleomargarine can be put on the market at a price not exceeding 7 cents a pound. It is sold as close as possible to the mar ket price of creamery butter, and just enough under the price so as not to make people suspicious of it Answering an other question, Professor Shaw said that when paraffin Is put into oleomargarine the question of indlgestibillty takes on a new phase. Paraffin Is indigestible. Dairying: Better Than Farming. Dr. James Wlthycombe covered the en tire field of dairying in an address on "Dairying and Its Relation to the Fertil ity of the Soil." He dwelt particularly upon the economic side of the question. He said that dairying progress In the Willamette valley will be so rapid hence forward that at this time one can have no idea what the production will be in 25 or 30 years. This is an age of organization and centralization of capital to reduce cost of production, and for other protec tion, and farmers should band together th same as other classes. The creamery is a step In the direction of organization. It is an organized effort to build up dairy ing. Dr. Wlthycombe ridiculed the idea that trusts are organized principally to rob people, but he desired it to be under stood that he was not defending the trusts. He said their main Idea was economy in production. This organization and concentration, extending to all lines of life, will in time throw thousands of men out of employment who muBt of neces sity drift back to the farms to make a living. The reaction from the city to the farm ought not to have a bad effect It should revive farming and cause it to make rapid strides. Farmers should not remain in the old rut while all other classes are organizing. They should or ganize to reduce cost of production, to bring about uniformity In size and quality of packages of products put on the mar ket to get the highest possible price for their products, and to reach better and larger markets. Dr. Wlthycombe said that the food products which are avail able In the Northwest give Oregon and Washington an immense advantage over the Middle West states In producing dairy products at low cost Dairymen should always aim to build up their herds. It is bad policy to sell good heifers because the demand for veal Is strong and prices high. Good heifers should be saved, as It will not be long before good cows will be worth ?50 and $60 in Oregon. Comparing exclusive wheat culture and dairying. Dr. Wlthycombe said that the farmer's stock in trade is the fertility of his soil. A ton of wheat takes ?7 47 worth of fertilizer from the soil on tho basis of present prices of commercial fertilizers, figuring phosphoric acid and potash each at 4 cents a pound, and nitrogen at an average of 15 cents. Every time a farmer ships a ton of wheat out of the country he sends $7 47 worth of soil with it Prac tically speaking, he is shipping his farm away. A ton of wheat at present market prices Is worth about ?15. On the other hand, a ton of butter worth $500 takes only 30 cents worth of fertilizer from the soil. It takes 1.33 pounds each of potash, nitrogen and phosphoric acid. Summing up, he said that $15 worth of wheat de mands $7 47 of soil and $500 worth of but. ter only 30 cents worth of the soil. The enormous difference is a strong argument in favor of dairying. Effect of Proper Feeding. Addressing the meeting on the "Effect of Feed on Butter Fat," Professor F. L. Kent said: "Probably no other phase of the dairy question has been the occasion for more difference of opinion than the effect of feed on the per cent of fat contained In the milk. It is generally conceded that different food materials affect the amount of milk, and consequently the total amount of fat, but it is not so generally admitted that the per cent of fat Is changed ma terially by a change in the feed. In fact, the results of the great majority of ex periments along this line seem to sub stantiate the statement that the per cent of fat Is susceptible to practically no changes with change of feed so long as the food is palatable and of sufficent quantity to meet the needs of the ani mal. "With the quality of the fat is some what different Certain feeds seem to produce a rather soft fat, while others pro duce a hard fat In general the feeding of substances rich in protein, as oats, peas, bran, cotton-seed meal, etc., pro duces a firmer, harder butter than those substances which are principally carbohy drates, such as corn, potatoes, etc. Espe cially is this true of cottonseed meal, which, when fed In large quantities, has raised the melting point of the resulting butter several degrees. Not only Is the hardness of the fat affected by various foods, but the flavor Is also affected. Cotton-seed meal, when fed in large quanti ties, produces a butter of an inferior flavor. Rye, when pastured, gives an un pleasant flavor to milk, not detected by all, but by many. Grass has a marked effect on the flavor of butter, detected by all In the spring, when the cows are first changed from dry feed to pasture. This flavor is soon unnoticed, but whether It really disappears or Is unobserved be cause of familiarity brought about by dally use, is an open question. Weedy flavors are often detected in the sprng, and also in the fall, when the pastures become scant The Intensity of flavors and odors in milk originating from certain feeds probably varies with different cows, the milk of some showing these faults In a more marked degree than others. Often, however odors and flavors in milk and b-jtter are charged to the cow and the feed which are due to contamination of the milk after it Is drawn, and while left In the stable or elsewhere. "It is pretty well known that the secre tion of milk is closely connected with the nervous system of the cow, both as re gards quantity and quality (25 per cent loss In quality and 35 per cent in quantity), f nd t Is possible that a cow that has long been poorly fed and Is in poor con dition will give milk abnormally low in fat, and that the milk will Increase in richness of fat with Increased feed supply and the approach of the body to normal conditions. Any abnormal condition of the cow affects the percentage of fat, else how can we account for the wide dally variation often amounting to more than 0.5 of 1 per cent with individual cows, when all conditions of feed, etc., are as nearly constant as possible. "The effect of feed on the percentage of fat In milk has been a matter of dis cussion for many years. In 1S64 Kuhn wrote: 'The system of feeding is one of secondary importance for milk production. It is not possible to attain a one-sided in crease in the fat or any other component in the mi'k by changes in the system of feeding. No such changes can, at any rate, be reached as are of practical importance. .Numerous Investigations, direct and Indi rect, on this point have been conducted at American stations. The most marked example of seeming change In composition through feed was by Patrick, at the Iowa station, where .58 per cent more fat was found In the milk of cows getting sugar meal than was found in the milk of the same cows when fed corn and cob meal. However, a later experiment by the same man with the same feeds showed only a very slight advantage in favor of the sugar meal, some of the cows even show ing a decrease In per cent of fat con tent We may conclude In this case, then, that these results were accidental, or rather that they were due to other than the assigned cause. "The Danish feeding experiments by the Copenhagen station furnish reliable data on this subject because of the large num ber of cows employed and the character of the feeds supplied. The station director, in treating of this subject, writes: 'In the comparative feeding trials with milch cows now conducted for several years by this station, in which 1639 cows have been in cluded (separated into 161 lots on 10 estates in different parts of the country), it has been repeatedly found that the changes made In the feed of the lots have practi cally had no Influence on the chemical composition of the milk. In these experi ments grain has been fed against roots, against oil cake, and against wheat, bran or shorts; grain and oil cake have been fed against roots, or roots have been fed as an additional food.' "In reporting results of experiments In 1897, the Scottish experiment station offi cials say: This work was a continuation of experiments made In 1895-96, which seemed to Indicate that two foods, viz., cottonseed cake and vetches, had some tendency to Increase the fat in the milk. while fresh young grass and grains had a tendency to decrease it These experi ments also plainly indicate that while many foods appeared to have a tendency to enrich or Impoverish the milk, still neither effect seemed permanent, the In clination after a time being for the milk to return to normal conditions. "Some Danish experiments were con ducted In the feeding of fat in the form of an emulsion. Unseed oil was emulsi fied in a machine constructed for the spe cial purpose, and the fat globules did not separate out on being kept in a closed vessel for several months. The oil emul sion was given as a drink In water, and varied in amount from 8 to 24 ounces by weight of oil. The results of the experi ments are, briefly stated, that the fat con tent of tho milk was Increased at first by feeding large quantities of oil in the form of an emulsion, but later on no increase took place. The milk, on the contrary, dropped to its previous normal fat con tent, depending on the Individuality of the cew. "The New York station added ordinary beef tallow to the usual grain ration of the cows, giving them, at first, four ounces per head, and increasing the amount grad ually until each cow was consuming two pounds dally, which amount wa3 fed for six or seven weeks. The results indicated 'no increase In the per cent of fat in the milk as a result of feeding tallow In ad dition to a liberal grain ration.' "A recent bulletin of the New York sta tion reviews the results of 44 experiments along the line of 'feeding fat into milk,' conducted In Europe and the United States. Ten of these 44 experiments showed an increase in the percentage of fat In the milk, four of the 10 being with rations rich in fat Of these four experiments, one reports so great a reduction in yield as to make such feeding unprofitable. Two others, In which oil in the form of an emul sion was fed, have been repeated several times, but never with the result of an increase In fat In the milk. Three others, In which there appeared to be an Increase In the fat content of the milk, were made with rations containing considerable quan tities of molasses preparations. These are rather abnormal foodstuffs, and are seldom used for milk-producing purposes. The protein foods, which increased the per cent of fat in the milk, were palm nut meal and sugar meal, substances sel dom used for the purpose. Hence the whole range of the experiments discussed do not show a single case where the ra tions were made up of materials com monly used In compounding rations for dairy cows, in which any increase in the percentage of fat In the milk could be attributed to the kind of food used. "It is well known that a change In feed may often affect the secretion of milk for a short time. This is most apparent In the fat content, which may either rise or fall, but is more apt to rise. How long the fluctuation may continue depends upon the ability of the cow to accustom herself to the new feed, which time may be only a few days or It may be weeks. And, when the cow has become accus tomed to the changed feed, her milk falls back to the average normal composition. Hence, if an experiment is concluded be fore this time, or If the feed Is again changed, then conclusions drawn there from must be more or less warped." Commissioner Bniley's Address. The subject assigned to J. W. Bailey, state food and dairy commissioner, was, "Stockraising, Dairying and Farming Pros perity." He said in substance: "No agricultural country can long sur vive the drain of wheat and cereal crop3 without flocks and herds. The times are changing each year, showing an Increas ing number of men who are changing from grain farming to the higher and more intelligent branch of agriculture the mak ing of high-grade butter and cheese. There is no more promising field for Intelligent Industry among tho productive callings of life, no surer guarantee of the future prosperity, progress and wealth of our state, than is found in the proper and sys tematic development of the livestock in dustry of Oregon, and among Its subdi visions or departments, dairying must be considered as deserving the pre-eminence when judged by any standard or from any point of view. By dairying, I do not mean the keeping of a few scrub cows, feeding them at the straw stack, housing them on the south s'de cf a barbed-wire fence, let ting thq calf get all of the richest milk and producing a stick, greasy product ri valing snow In Its whiteness and lard in Its flavor. "The production of wheat and other grain crops, including hay, cuts no figure In the permanent Improvement of a state, excepl in so far as they furnish the food that Is to feed the milch cows and fatten the beeves, mutton and swine. Export of hay and grain enriches not the farm nor tho farmer, because these products convey away the strength and fertility of the soil and serve to fatten only the broker and grain speculator. "We must have the best cows In order to develop this best Industry. In the first place, the cow for the dairy should be of a breed that is especially adapted to dairy ing purposes. The argument In favor cf the combination or general-purpose cow erows weaker, and Its advocates fewer In number as the years go by yet, under certain circumstances. It may be well to select a breed that Is good for beef as well as for milk. I especially desire to press the Importance of selecting and keeping in the dairy only the beet individual cows, Judged by the daily and annual product of butter or milk in proportion to the food consumed. This is apt to be the weak point hi the beginning of a dairy hus bandry. Most farmers will begin with the cows that they may have on band and such as they can pick up in the neighbor hood. This Is all very well for a begin ning, and until such time as each cow can be put to a critical test and opportunity offered to do better, but he should not wait for this opportunity to turn up of itself, but should go and hunt It up for himself. The Importance of good. Individ ual cows cannot easily be overestimated. In a creamery In one of the Western states, a report was made for two years to each patron of just what his cowd earned for the yar to one patron. The highest on the list was paid $65 15 per cow, In a herd of 19 cows, nine of which were 2-year-old heifers; to one of the lowest on the list, $35 was paid per cow, on an average herd of 20 cows. It does not ap pear that the difference In this case was due to the difference In the cost of food consumed by the two different herds. It was doubtless due partly to more scientific and skillful feeding, partly to better se lection of individuals, and partly to the breed. At the New Jersey experiment sta tion, every cow In the herd was carefully tested, and records kept for one yar, the results showing the great difference In opws fed on equal amounts of food. The best cows gave 8303 pounds of milk, and the poorest cow only 4413 pounds. The best cow produced fat equal to 405 pounds of butter, and the poorest cow less than half that quantity, or 202 pounds. Here Is a statement that will interest all dairy men. The value of the milk of the best cow, at 1 cent a pound, was $83 03, at 3 cents per quart, $114 26. The value of the milk of the poorest cow, at 1 cent a pound, was $44 13, at 3 cents a quart, $60 74. The cost of the feed of the best cow was $42 31; the cost -of the feed of the poor cow was $42 24. The difference in the value of the product of the best cow over that of the poorest cow was $54 42, and It cost just 7 cents more to feed the one than the other. Here Is a clear case of robber cow, and there are plenty like her. After the best cows have been selected they must, of course, have the best of care and the best of feed." Dr. McLean's paper, on "Milk-Fever and Its Causes," will be printed later. THE RUNNING RACES. Yesterday's Winners nt Tnnfornn and New Orleans. SAN FRANCISCO, Feb. 14. The weather at Tanforan was fine and the track fast The results were: Six furlongs Norford won, Silver Tall second, Racetto third; time, 1:14. Six furlongs Royal Prize won, Torslna second, Melvin Burnham third; time, 1:14. Five furlongs Afghan won, Mafada sec ond, Ricardo third; time, 1:02. Mile and a quarter Tempo won, Victoria second, Monita third; time, 2:09. Five furlongs St. Cassimlr won, Diomed second, Frank Duffy third; time, 1:01. Six furlongs, selling Schrelber won, Red Cherry second, Magbad third; time, 1:15. Races nt New Orleans. NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 14. The results were: One mile Parakeet won, Swordsman second, Judge Magee third; time, 1:49. Selling, four furlongs Wild Pirate won, Princess Mai second, Ben Magen third; time, 0:55. Selling, six furlongs Watercrest won, Dominls second, Postmaster Bailey third; time, 1:20. Selling, mile Prospero won, Cathedral second, Nilmah third; time, 1:55. Selling, seven furlongs Leaseman won, Martha Fox second, Viscount third; time. 1:36. Selling, six furlongs Frellnghuyeen won, London second, Loveable third; time, 1:20. o HOTEL ARRIVALS. THE PORTLAND. B N Johnson, Boston J "W Bartlett, Boston Mr and Mrs Julius Slegel, San Fran E Knoble, Tacoma B C Leyson and wife, "Whitehall. Mont lO T Gerllnger, city A I'euscn. Mew YorK H Summerfleld, S F J F Lighter, Astoria Geo J enk, San Fran O M Smith. San Fran G L Hagendberger "W 1 Bartlett, wife and Helena son, tiuue, Aiont "Wm Plgott, Seattle Tune Doyle, Tacoma C H Clarke. Seattle H E Lewie, San Fran I C Robinson, Denver Henry H. Schott, North Yakima Myrtle Frey, city H K Selby. city G Donald, No Yakima C A Baker, Chicago H Boyle, San Rafael A Ingerman, city Mr L Wllhelm. city Chaa Kohn. city Airs J t Anderson ana two children, Montana Allen Plerse, wife and son. Helena j B Hicks, Seattle F E Boyd, San Fran I A SDrimr. New York E R Spangler, St Loulsl v JJurjee, Chicago G R Armstrong, Mich H R LJpman, S F "W P Morgan, San Frn R F Allen. San Fran WAT Bushong, city Miss E Wilson, city IT O riilbourn, Chicago A Hose, AlaeKa Skookum Jim, Alaska Alex Cohn, San Fran S F Jud-a, San Fran THE PERKINS. R Russell, Silverton F Klrkwood, Hoperville R H Evans, Roseburg M T rfolan. The Dalles F M Smith. Prlnvllle Mrs F M Smith, do J F Beezley, Prinevllle Louis Olberton, Ky T Z Preston, Spokane K C Hunt, St Paul C S Reed, Seattle "W King, city M.ti W King, city S B Heath, Racine A H AVlllett, Bridal VI F Webster. Spokane D J Cooper, The DaJIw: a Misn, .sen Fran F II Kiddle, Island Ct,-Mra F S Car: vie, Baker Frank "Wood, Chicago J H Rinearson, Grass E J Davis, Walla V i Valley W H Smith, Tacoma IMrs J H RInearson, do R R Atmore, 8 F G W Phelps, Heppner ir a KOEssiKrans, uanoyj a iiean, Fendleton Mrs F A' Rosenkrana, John A Nacr, Detroit Canby, Or E H Carlton, Canby, Mrs E H Carlton, do J B Warner, San Fran O C Mueeer, San Fran M A Rothschild. S F J ii Miner, Milton A Dcfwnie, Baker City T Downle, Baker City J F Yates, Corvallis C Butler. Pt Townsend Claude Hanay. Kelso A A Honey. Omaha F B Walte, Roseburg F Cooke, Astoria 1C E Hawkins, Toledo M A Smith. Astoria iT H Whiting, Alaska W G Burgen, Goldendlej C F Smith, Ilwaco J A Mclntlre, Warentn Mrs J A Mclntlre, do F A Douty, Indepence Mrs F A Douty, do Arthur -Douty. do Marquette, Omaha H L Mumford, Oakland J Redford, Cressvllle. Mrs J Redford, do G Nelson, Silverton McKlnley Mitchell. Gorvala J W Ramage, Oakland W C Termohlen, Stone Lake, la E W Ross, Castle Rock I L Wilson, Attica Mrs I L Wilson, do J F Irvine, McMInn THE IMPERIAL. C. W. Knowles, Manager. B J McClanahan and G R Miller. Eugene boa. Eugene Mrs E Johnson, do Geo A Crux, city J E Ross, Pendleton E r Benson, Tacoma A C Chapman, Ovid R L Chapman, Ovid Alma Luce, John Day J F Burns, San Fran uanay, John iay Mrs J C Palms, Seattle L Bleakmore, S F C W McComas, Pen J Wlthycomb, Corvallla dleton C H Andrews, Dalles F,L Reld. Winston W H Burrage. 'Carson City. Colo M J LIddey, San Fran J E Ferguson, Astoria B Howard. Portland a ii coraiey, corvaliu Miss N Whitney, Lewlsvllle J C Cblyer, do Mr H Logan, Dalles Herriet Dennis, Co lumbus, O W H Norman, San Fr J gullivan, Portland t; l, smith, Eernldy C G Field. San Fran I J C Llndsey, Boise Dr W T Smith. Sherldn L Llvermore, Pendleton M Hlrschbaum, 3 F F W Martineau, N Y F W Spencer. McMInn Dr J F Calbreath, Salra I Smith, Monmouth Walter Lyon, Salem R S Booth, Grant's Ps W W Steiver, Fossil L Cohoon, Mich Mrs Cohoon, Mich F D Culver, Chicago THE ST. CHARLES. G D Goodham, Salem N Necpley, Kalama G Brown. Champoeg H A UenrietL LaCentev J V Fletcher. Dayton H S Wood, Warrenton F Burton, Cathlamet Geo Robinson, do R Engart, Deer Island. C Laller, Deer island S E Carroll, Lebanon U c5 Bryant, city R R Coleman, Seattle M J Johnson, city Mr and Mrs L R Hll- leary. The Dalles Mrs Andst, The Dalle3 E B Sanders, Vancouvr I B Geron, Vancouver J Howard, Heppner M McCoy and family. Castle Rock S M Parlton, Oetrander H G Wood, Warrenton L D Jackson, ao. W H Harrington, MarshfleW Mrs H Jones, do J H Doan. Rainier J Brown, Oregon City C Withers. do J N McDuffy. Or City B Whesler, Or City C E Hoppereeth, city E Johnson, city C McKay, city A c: Johnson, Eugene Mrs Burget, McMInn A D Phillips. Dallas J Holbrook, Kelso J E Jennings, Eugene a L Dagman, Ostrandr is a. windier, Cathlamt David Wllkle. city H C Watts, Beaverton Mrs Watts. Beaverton G W Lawrena, -do H Item. DIckison W J Patterson, Gardner ueorge urown do Jos .Bureau, Oliver Stlfer, do do IXotel Donnelly. Tacoma. Eurone.in plan; headquarters for com merclal men. ChllberKs restaurant in connection. Hotel Butler. Seattle. ' European. Booms with or without bath. Ladles and gents' grillrooms in connection. Kruse's Grill Room and Restaurant Stark street, opp. Chamber of Commerce. TSILTCOOS LAKE COUNTRY FER.Tn,B AUD PICTURESQUE SEC TION NEAR. UMPQUA COAST. A Sportsman's Paradise Good Fann ing? Country Being: Developed Schools and Roads. TSILTCOOS LAKE. Or., Feb. 13. (Spe cial correspondence.) Tsiltcoos lake is ona of the chain of lakes lying between tha Umpqua and Sluslaw rivers. All of the lakes are In Douglas county, and but two or three miles from the ocean. Tsiltcoos Is of considerable size, having, it Is said, a meander line of more than 90 miles. Its average depth at low water, late In Oc tober, Is about 14 feet The outline of the lake Is very Irregular, and the water Is very shallow on all Its shore line. The hills and forests surrounding the lake, with a few Islands dotting Its surface, make It a rarely beautiful sheet of water. To the boatman, sail or row, the lake offers many inducements to dip an oar or hoist a salL In season, the angler or gunner will And Its waters very alluring. The fish are the common cutthroat trout The variety of ducks Is certainly diversified enough to please the most exacting. The main tributaries of the lake are Maple creek and Tsiltcoos river. Both en ter the lake on the east side. The mouths of these water courses are four miles apart. Geographically, the lake is con sidered only as an enlargement of Tsilt coos river, as the same name is given to the stream that flows from the west side of the lake to the ocean. Along these two streams and on the south shore Is found the farming country adjacent to the lake. Both streams aro settled by hardy pioneers, the land being nearly all In the hands of the" original homesteaders. Some have quite a little land cleared, and in grass. The hay crop or pasturage Is consumed by the owners' stock. Some have been able to erect good buildings, but "shake" houses, with split puncheon floors, predominate. This is es pecially true of the settlement on Tsilt coos river, as the expense of getting lum ber to the ranch Is far greater than the original cost at the Sluslaw or Umpqua mills. j Tsiltcoos river, or Fiddle creek, has. It Is estimated, 1300 acres of choice bottom land. The adjacent hills are, when cleared of a light growth of alder and brush, all good grass lands. Any kind of grass will grow here, including white clover. In due time this will be a very much more im portant stockraising district and dairy re gion than now. The same may also be said of the Maple creek country. One inquirer writes to ask If we have schools. Certainly we have, and good ones too. Why, some of us have children who have gone from our local schools to the state normal schools and to the state uni versity. These same boys and girls carry first-grade certificates or state diplomas as teachers. The writer of this has the honor to live In a scnool district that annually votes a 10-mlll tax for school pur poses, and maintains a six months' school, with the distinct understanding that no teacher need apply who does not carry a first-grade certificate or a better paper. This rule was never broken but once, and that was a piece of school politics which we hope will not be again Inflicted upon us. As to population, we poll usually iO-oaa ballots in Lake precinct. Too many of these, however, come from old bachelors. We wish. these fellows would marry, or, falling in that, sell out to men of family. Prices of land vary as to location, kind of land, Improvements, etc., from $600 to $1503 for 160 acres. Market for all kinds of cattle, save horses, Is good. I use the term cattle In its broadest sense. Any vacant government land? Yes, a little, mostly bench and hill lands, with a little bottom land on each quarter sec tion. As to healthfulness, no part of Ore gon Is better. Roads are developing grad ually. When the fools are all dead or squelched by the indignation of an out raged people, we will have roads. The usual procedure here is to locate a road between two given points on the very worst ground to be found, work a year or two on the line, then abandon that and go somewhere else along the line and re peat the crime. There has been money and labor enough fooled away on the route between Gardiner and Sluslaw river, at Glenada, to now have a good road, on easy grades all the way. As a result, only halt the road is made, and much of that on grades ranging from 15 to 40 per cent. The Almighty so made this country that a good road can be laid out and on th shortest distance accommodating all tha various settlements. There Are Cattle for Sale. ROSEBURG, Feb. 13. (To the Editor.) I saw a statement in your paper quoting F. B. Walte, as saying there was no use for cattle-buyers coming in here this year, as stock had been sold off. Mr. Walte is certainly better informed than that I am not much of a stockman, but all of the ranchers I know anything about have a few cattle to sell, and some quite a lot R. B. Dixon has 400, and Mr. Hannon 400 or 500; and In regard to yearlings, I have not heard of any man offering $20 a head, outside of what Mr. Walte Is reported to have said. C. H. ODEN. Diphtheria at Vancouver. VANCOUVER, Wash., Feb. 14. Several new cases of diphtheria have been report ed here this week. The latest case re ported Is of a young child of Captain James Stevens, of the Vancouver ferry. Necessary precautions are being taken by Mayor Eastham and Health Officer Burt against the spread of the dreaded disease. Fortunately none of the late cases were among the children attending any of the city schools. Another Teacher- Employed. VANCOUVER, Wash., Feb. 14. The Vancouver school board at a recent meet ing decided to employ an additional teach er for the Harney school, east of Van couver barracks, Increasing the force at that building to three. Miss Susan Bee son, of this city, has been employed for the place. Deposited Scalps Worth. $280. LAKEVIEW, Feb. 10. H. W. Jones, whose home Is at Webfoot, Or., has ar rived from Warner valley. In this county, where he has "been trapping, with 114 coy ote scalps and 26 wildcat scalps, which he deposited with the county clerk. He was nearly four months nTaking the catch. Wctv Multnomah. County Postofllce. WASHINGTON, Feb. 14. Representa tive Moody, has secured the establish ment of a postofllce at Gage, Multnomah county. Or., and the appointment of Will iam M. Northway, postmaster. Snoiv at Amity. AMITT, Or., Feb. 14. Snow fell last night to the depth of one inch. The weather today Is clear and warm. F. B. Ferguson shipped a car of fine sheep to Portland yesterday. 1.1 ff lit SnoTvfnll nt Forest Grove. FOREST GROVE, Or., Feb. 14. A light snow fell here last night and during to day, but disappeared almost as fast as It felL First Snow of the Season. CHEHALIS, Wash., Feb. 14. About two Inches of snow fell last night m at Che halls, the first of the season. Snow Didn't Stay Lonp. DAYTON, Or., Feb. 14. About 1 Inches of snow fell here this morning, but it disappeared about noon. . National Biscuit Company, NEW YORK, Feb. 14. At the annual meeting- of the National Biscuit Com pany In Jersey Citv last nicht, the old ROWING OL one. There is little to fear, however, priiiliff looks carefully after one's health. Wkh tWs cowwrred, age comes on like a kindly winter and MeTs allotted span is lived out with pleasure. To those 6o and 70 years of age, and more, and who require a tonic to aid nature, there is nothtefT caa eMnl Warner's Safe Cure. It is a purely vegetable pcepwsa tion'and keeps the kidneys and liver in good rdwr, aiding the circulation of the Wood, especiatty Mcmwfy at this season of the year, and stopping the ca wWeh compels the arising at night and which to Many is a source of great discomfort Hundreds of testimonials can be given from men and women who bless the day their attention was Scat salted to Warner's Safe Cure. A single uiwoKoftodi testi monial is herewith appended. I take pleasure in testifying to the merits of Warner's Safe Care. I am now 76 years of age and have been a great sufferer from kidney and liver coiaplantt for a good many years. Tried a gret many things but received no benefit until I was advised by an old acqnalntaaeei ot mine who had been taking Safe Cnre Jor the same complaint to try it, waleh I iM. and after using- two bottles fetfc better and have taken altogether one half doaea bottles and feel like a new man. W. C. EDGAR, Notary Public and Conveyancer. Alanson, Mich. Medical advice free. Address N. T. Microscopical examination officers and directors wore re-elected. The regular quarterly dividend of 1 per cent on the preferred and 1 per cent on the common stock was declared. The sales for the 12 months ending January 31 were stated to be $35,651,890; profits, $3,302,155. CLOTHES FULL OF MONEY. Chicago Board, of Trade Operator Died in a Charity Hospital. CHICAGO, Feb. 14. It was learned to day that Sam Beswlck, an old and well known character on the Board of Trade, died Sunday afternoon, a charity patient In the Baptist hospital, and his death was attended by a queer discovery on the part of the hospital authorities. His old and tattered clothing was found literally lined with gold and silver coin, and sewed be hind an inner vest pocket, fifteen $100 bills were found. Among the bills was a slip of paper on which was scribbled, "Put In In 1S96." It was found after Beswlck's clothing was ripped to pieces in the hospital that the old man was worth $5000. Of this amount $2035 in currency was found hid den away in the linings of his coat and vest. Bonds and real estate mortgages, thought to be worth about $3000, were dis covered sewed Inside a leather pocket book that was stitched to the lining of his coat A long, narrow leather purse, containing about $200 in gold and silver, was ripped out of his coat collar. The money had been in there so long that the silver had become tarnished and the fric tion of the coins had worn the gold ones almost smooth. Then In various places In the lining and In the corners of the pocket single pieces of money were found hidden away. Beswlck was about 60 years of age. He came to the hospital three weeks ago suffering from stomach troubles. He was operated on last Wednesday, but on ac count of his age he failed to survive the shock. At a cheap hotel where Beswlck roomed he was known to nearly all the roomers, but none knew much of his history except that he was always to be found on the open board and that he was never known to spend a cent when he could avoid It o , The Xew Train Service. OMAHA, Feb. 14. While it Is settled that another dally train will be run over the Union Pacific, Short Line and O. R. & N the road to be used between Omaha and Chicago Is causing discussion and con siderable guessing. Some say the old Northwestern line will be used as at pres ent, but others aver that the Illinois Cen tral will bring the train from Chicago. If the latter be true, It may mean an en tire change in present Union Pacific-Northwestern arrangements. Men and Women Advised Free. Call or Write. Btx. packages for the Cor. Stockton, Ellis and Market Streets CONSULT FREE MANHOOD Die vitauzor.tbepreacripuonoiaiasioesFrencap&ysfeian.wiii qmeciy cure yoa 01 au nervous or diseases of the generative organs, suck aa Xoat DSaafewod, XaMunala, Pains In tbenadcScnilnsI T'.m!ilaiii. Nenesi Seblllty. FlalVles WmWtM ffijft V-VJK llaDlBfn to Marry, Kxaoaallaff Drain. Tarieeeel and CeaatlpnUea. ItstopsaHlossesbycjiyor 1 tgbu Prevents quickness of dteebarye, wMew If not checked leads to Bpermatorrhcea. and ail tho horrors of impoteney. CIJJPIJ1BXE cleanses the liver, thfi kidnpTH .inrt f hn nrlnnr-y nnrarut nf All Imtmrittmr CTITITK;E stremttbaBa and restores small wpafc organs. Thereaaon sufferers are not cared by Doctors is because SO per cent are troubled whh Prestltl. OUPIDEXE tho only known remedy to core without an operation. 3000 testimonials. A written euaronteejriven and moin-yrttnrnl if Choifs does cot effect a permaaeot cars. fue&boxforMe by man. Bend for ytiEW circular and testimonials. Address BAVOJt. MJbDXCIA JS CO- v. O. Oox 2M8, Saa Fraactoee. CaJ, For sale by Woodard. Oarka & Co.. Portland, Or. who have passed the saeritiia life the thought of grmmg oW i becoming- helpless is not a ptMMMrt Warner's Safe Care Co., BsokooUr. on applteatlen. "MW R. Ttf. Idol. "Winston. N. O.. writes: "Cancer is hereditary in our family, my father, sister, and aunt having died from this dreadful disease. I was thoroughly alarmed, therefore, when a malignant Can cer appeared on my side, and at once sought the treatment of the "best physicians. They were unable to do. any good, however, aa the Cancer continued to grow worse and spread. I then tried 8. S. S., wiiich forced the disease out, and curea me permanenwy. C C Cfor The 0& (Swift's Specific) is the only hope for Cancer; it cures the most malignant cases. Our treatise on Cancer sent free by the Swift Specific Co., Atlanta, Ga. MYON'S INHALER CURES CATARRH Colds, Coughs, Hay Fever, Bron chitis, Asthma and all Diseases ol the Throat and Lungs. Clouds of Medicated Vapor aro intaled through the mouth, and emitted from the nos trils, cleansing aad vaporising all the inflamed and diseased parts which cannot 60 reacbtd by medicine taken Into the stomach. Jt reaches the tore spots It heals the raw placesIt goes to the seat ofMseaaeIt acta as a balm and tonic to the whole system $1.00 at druggists or sent by mail. 1SOS ArchBt.,I'Mla. Health Free to 'Weak Idea. Burned-out nerves, treannmi 2TI51? C I bralB toree declining vital energy f K ,. I and 1 the coneeqeences of tbea TO ists. Course of treatment on trial and approval, and a marvelous de veloping appUaaeeseatfor the ask ing. We trust your honor if yc honor oar skill and follow direc tions. Priceless information FRSK. ERIE MEDICAL CO., BUFFALO. N.Y. Tired, languid, careworn, nervous, weary such Is the feelteg of these who are oft the verge of Nervous Prostration. Such a feeling indicates Nerve Weakness or Nervous exhaustion. Loss of appetite, sleeplessness, dtezy spells these are other indications of impending danger. HTJD YAN will save you. HUDYAN will re store you to perfect health. Have you headaches (Tig. 1), hollow eyes or dark circles under eyes (Fig 2), a pale or emaciated face (Fig. 3), coated tongue (Fig. 4), palpratto of heart (Fig. 5), impaired digestion (Fig. $)? If so, take HIIDYAN, by an eane. HUDYAN will restore to you the glow of health. HUDYAN wMl relieve any and all of the above symptoms. HUD YAN will make you strong. U1UUU 52" Activity, energy, cheerfulness, a good digeette all these be long to you. If your nerves are strong. HUDYAN will give you these, for HUDYAN strengthens the nerves and nerve centers. HUDYAN will create rosy cheeks and bright eyes. HUDYAN Is for men and women. It Is agreeable to take, agreeable in Its effect. HUDYAN possesses peculiar curativa properties that belong to no other remedy. HUDYAN Is for sale by dniggtetg. W cento a package, or ?2 50. If your druggist does not keep HUDTAW send direct to :E San Francisco, CaL Consult Free the Hadyaa Sector. Write to Them. RESTORED! "CUPIDEHE" TMa srreat VMreta.