THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1900.
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FORTLAMJ, MONDAY, FEBIUJARY 5
TSM PRSTBXT IN KENTUCKY.
It is alleged that there was just
ground for the determination of the
Qoebelttes la Kentucky to oust Taylor.
That ground was declared to be the
Intimidation of voters at Louisville by
troops at the polls. The plea is but a
pretext. If that one had not been
ready, some other would have been in
vented. At Louisville on election day, fear
ing riot, the governor had some com
panies of militia in readiness, but they
did not Interfere in the election, in any
M ay. They did not appear at the polls,
but remained at their quarters. For
proof that democratic voters were not
kept away from the polls by intimida
tion, it Is only necessary to point to
the fact that Taylor's majority in the
city over Ooebel was less than that of
Bradley, his republican predecessor,
over Hardin, the democratic candidate,
and far below the majority for McKln
ley.
Louisville is in Jefferson county, and
the city holds about the same relation
or proportion to the county of Jefferson
that Portland holds to the county of
Multnomah. Here is the vote of Jeffer
son county at the state election of 1895:
Bradley, rep., 18,628; Hardin, dem., 15,
790, Petltt, pop , 261. Total vote, 36,504.
In 1888 the vote of the county stood
thus: Taylor, rep., 18,445; Goebel, dem.,
15 028; Brown, anti-Goebel dem., 2672;
Blair, pop., 4. Total vote, 36,189. It
will be seen that notwithstanding all
this talk of intimidation by the mili
tary in 1888, the vote of the city and
county was greater than in the next
preceding general election, and, though
Goebel's vote fell a little short (637, to
be exact) of that cast for the demo
cratic candidate at the preceding elec
tion, yet the vote for Brown, the antl
Goebel democratic candidate, far more
than accounts for this loss. In 1896 Mc
Xlnley majority in the city and coun
ty reached the great total of 12,400
due to the fact that Louisville Is an im
portant commercial and industrial city,
and therefore greatly interested in
maintenance of the gold standard.
Examination and comparison of these
figures, particularly of those of the
last two state elections, completely dis
sipate the Goebel pretense that there
was "military intimidation" at Louis
ville, and that "thousands were pre
ented from voting." Yet this Is the
basis on which the democrats, led by
Goebel, have proceeded to set aside the
election. Every one sees that it is a
mere pretext, pretense, invention, sub
terfuge. Yet the laws give the legis
lature the authority and power; and
any party that chances to get a major
ity in the legislature may, on any pre
text that Ingenuity can invent, set
aside the result of an election. The
Goebelttss have sot intended that there
shall be any elections in Kentucky
hereafter. They have fixed up the
law 8 so as to have all the machinery in
their own hands; and whatever miss
may chance to be made by the election
boards or returning boards they fix up
through the legislature and through
the courts the latter also wholly in
their own hands. All this is the work
chiefly of William Goebel; and the con
dition of anarchy, bordering on civil
war, in which he has left the state of
Kentucky, is his title to fame.
Yet from the first The Oregonian has
not been able to see how this usurpa
tion could be successfully resisted. In
all its successive steps the usurpation
has followed the forms of law; it still
boasts of its adherence to perfectly
lawful proceedings, smiles cynically at
protest, and denounces resistance as
revolutionary. Yet as it has seemed to
us certain that opposition must fail,
we hare thought It better that the re
publicans should yield to the usurpa
tion rather than attempt to resist it
The key of the situation is the posses
sion of the legislature by the usurpers.
From the first it has been manifest that
this is an advantage that could not be
overcome
The Southern Pacific Company will
have two exhibits at Paris during the
exposition of the present year, one at
No 28 Boulevard des Italians, the other
at Trocadero Palace grounds in a sep
arate pavilion, erected by Itself. At
the former place the company will
maintain a bureau of Information, un
der the direction of Mr. W. H. Mills.
The exhibits will be generally repre
sentative of the resources and Indus
tries of our Pacific states. It Is the
desire of the Southern Pacific Company
to make the places of its exhibit at
Paris the headquarters of all persons
from the Pacific states and territories.
All letters of inquiry addressed to W.
H. Mills. No. 28 Boulevard des Itallens,
Parte, win be promptly answered.
A reduction of 76 per cent In customs
dues on imports from Puerto Rloo is
certainly on Us face a very material
advantage to the producers of that Is
land in their competition with other
West Indian and Central and South
American communities. It will not
satisfy the Interests there or the Amer
ican poUtlciane who have been de
manding free trade, and it is consid
erable enough to alarm sincere protec
tionists. How the scheme will work
thar is, unfortunately, no means of
knowing except through experiment,
because all the testimony so far sub
mitted is interested and ex parte.
AN EPOCHAL COMPROMISE.
The legal relation of Puerto Rico to
the United States appears to be set
tled so far as congress is concerned,
and there Is no reason to suppose the
inevitable appeal to the supreme court
will reverse the action of congress.
This adjudication may be regarded as
final, so far as a principle of action
relative to the new dependencies is con
cerned, and any changes subsequently
determined upon will be in the nature
of amendment and adjustment to new
conditions or new surroundings of old
conditions, and not In the nature of
correction or retreat. An epochal stage
in constitutional history has been
passed, and the arbiter is that momen
tous author of nearly the whole body
of American law, whose name is writ
ten across every great period of our
history COMPROMISE.
Puerto Rico, congress decides, is not
a part of the United States. Neither
are the Philippines. Whatever is to be
done In them Is to be decided on Its
merits, without regard to the mandates
or Inhibitions of the constitution.
This decision is paTtly right and part
ly wrong. It is worth a good deal to
have the truth recognized that the con
stitution is a living, adaptable instru
ment, and not a cast-iron code to be
taken only for its letter. We see here
the same lesson we had to learn when
the antls said there Is no warrant In
the constitution for conquest or pur
chase of foreign soil. The constitution
we learned then cannot successfully be
Invoked against the exercise of neces
sary functions of sovereignty. We
learned the same lesson, again, when
Roberts was excluded from congress.
There is no provision In the constitu
tion for exclusion of members duly
elected. But this action became neces
sary in the Roberts case in obedience
to the higher law of self-preservation.
Against what Is right and necessary to
be done, the constitution will be In
voked In vain. Perhaps one other il
lustration may safely be added, an&
that is the decision In the Corbett cas?
in the senate. Mr. Corbett was ex
cluded, not on constitutional grounds,
but on grounds of public policy; and
on that ground Quay will probably be
excluded also. So in this present case
congress sees that the thing to do is
what Is expedient and best; and along
with this discovery goes the realization
that the constitution was not devised
for such cases as Puerto Rico and the
Philippines. It was framed for the
original Union, and great and saga
oious though its framers were, they
had no more than human prescience.
They did not foresee the extension of
our domain to new and distant terri
tory, and they did not provide for that
emergency.
The Iniquity of the decision Is In the
purnoses that have dictated it The
compromise in the practical details
regarding "tariff is reached through
conflict of unworthy self-seeking de
signs. The democrats have insisted on
free trade with Puerto Rico and the
Philippines, not in the Interests of jus
tice, but In order to make expansion
as odious as possible. "Take the Phil
ippines and Puerto Rico, will you?"
they say, "then you shall be compelled
to make every savage warrior of these
mountain tribes a full-fledged Ameri
can citizen. Then you shall admit them
to congress, give their laborers untram
meled access to this country, let their
products In free of duty, and close the
door of trade at Manila." This is the
sort of expansion the antis sought to
foist upon the republicans, who de
clined to permit the antis to form their
course for them. On the other hand,
the republicans have yielded In their
decision to the clamor of certain pri
vate interests. They were afraid to
give Puerto Rico free trade, though the
president recommended it and Secreta
ry Root urged It, for fear of losing the
votes of protected interests like fruit,
wool, sugar and hides, and perhaps in
directly those of iron, copper and man
ufactures generally.
It was in the power of congress to
say: We have the right to give Puerto
Rico and the Philippines either tariff
or free trade; but we choose to give
them free trade. It has not done this,
but instead has compromised the wel
fare of the islands, and injured the
great trade prospective between Atlan
tic ports and Puerto Rico and between
our Pacific ports and the Philippines,
In order to placate protectionist senti
ment on the eve of a presidential elec
tion. Such a compromise will, of
course, thoroughly please neither Eide.
But it may serve its ends. Compro
mises are frequently as practicable n
operation as they are unworthy in pur
pose. ,
PORTLAND A aiIMG CENTER.
This year's development in the East
ern Oregon gold belt, Bohemia, Ochoco,
Santlam and Blue river districts, and
In the Southern, Southwestern and
Southeastern sections, will establish
Oregon's position as a great mineral
state. Every place where gold is found
is throbbing with new life. Perma
nence and value of ore have been defi
nitely established in every camp. The
pocket formation, theory of the South
ern Oregon ledges, so long adhered to,
has been proved a myth, and experi
ment has demonstrated that the East
ern Oregon ores gain and not lose value
with depth. Capitalists are eagerly
taking hold of all properties that have
been ;shown to be worthy of invest
ment. . Machinery is being set up as
fast as the work can be done. Two
years ago the Eastern Oregon gold belt
had but 100 stamps. Before summer it
will have between 330 and 350 stamps
and perhaps more. Last year Oregon's
gold output was $3,285,000. This year,
with the present Indications of enor
mous development, the yield will pass
$5,000,000.
As the mining center of a great min
ing state, Portland Is justly entitled to
an assay office. The forced objection
of the mint officials to Portland, on the
ground that there are already too
many assay offices in the Northwest,
falls fiat In the face of the facts that
the offices at Boise, Helena and Seat
tle now have all the work they can
handle, that If one were located at
Portland It would be busy fron the
start, and that the Portland office
would not Interfere with the .offices at
Helena. Boise or Seattle. With pros
pects for tremendous gold production
In the Northwest, there Is more than
enough business in sight for all the of
fices. Without an assay office at Portland,
Oregon cannot "hope to have its geld
yield reported at anything near the cor
rect figure. Try as the mint officials
.may, and it Is only fair to give them
credit for conscientious endeavor, they
seem unable to get at the right figures.
Last year they estimated Oregon's
yield at $1,550,387, about one-half the
actual total. Washington was put
down for $806,202. Oregon's gold yield
last year was fully three times that
of Washington Last year's estimate
for Oregon was made up by the Seattle
office. This is an Injustice to Oregon,
as Seattle is not the mining center of
Oregon or Washington. It has not the
direct rail lines to the mines of Eastern
Oregon, Eastern Washington and Idaho
that Portland has. It is- receiving only
a small percentage of the Washington
yield, and practically nothing from
Oregon and Idaho. It was established
to accommodate the returning Klon
dikers, but Is no accommodation to the
mining interests of the Northwest
proper.
Portland does not like to be put in
the position of opposing Baker City's
effort to get an assay office, but it is
only justice to say In behalf of Portland
that an office at Baker City would be
a local office, while one at Portland
would serve the entire Northwest. Ba
ker City's office would be of no service
to the miners of Western and South
ern Oregon, nor to those returning from
Alaska and the British possessions.
Again, it Is quite probable that Port
land will soon- have more direct rail
road connection with the rich mines
west of Baker City. Another point fa
vorable to Portland 1b that there is an
assay office at Boise, only 149 miles
from Baker City. Portland will soon
have an abundance of cheap coal for
smelting operations. Near proximity
to the mines, direct rail connection and
low rates make Portland the logical
and natural location of the smelter, the
assay office and the mint, if one should
be established.
Sooner or later Portland will be the
great mining city of the Northwest and
the headquarters of all mining inter
ests. To Portland the miner will come
to close his deals, to educate his chil
dren, to seek capital. Here will be lo
cated the mining exchange, and here
should be established the assay office.
It Is a down-grade haul to Portland
from every mining camp in Oregon,
Washington and Idaho, and here the
ores will be treated. Portland is as
truly the mining center of the North
west as San Francisco is of California,
and as Denver Is of Colorado. No mat
ter In what part of California the
mines are, north or south, near or far,
San Francisco Is the hub; so it is with
Denver in Colorado; so it will be in
the Northwest with Portland. And of
the mining industry it may be said
without exaggeration that the period
of great development is here, and that
they who are now in their teens will
not live to see the end of it.
THE POLITICAL CARD-SHARP.
William Allen White, In the current
number of Scribner's Magazine, draws
a powerful picture of what may be
called, for lack of a better name, a "po
litical card-sharp." Under the name
of Senator Wharton we have the re
pulsive portrait of a creature that
stands for the type of the "meat-ax"
politician in the United States; that is,
a man who ia not attracted to the field
of national politics because he has any
talent for the transaction of public
business, because he is possessed of po
litical learning or historical knowledge,
or because he has exceptional powers
of legitimate public speech either as
eloquent orator or Incisive debater.
The average "meat-ax" politician is
drawn into politics purely through the
hunger and thirst of sordid unright
eousness, Joined to the vulgar vanity
which enjoys being regarded and treat
ed as a man of "inflooence."
Senator Wharton reveals his salient
Intellectual quality when he tells the
reporter sent to interview him after his
election that "a boy from Harvard
sniffs at his country and tolerates his
universe;" that "if I had a boy come
home with that Harvard pickle on him
I'd put him into the chamberwork de
partment of a livery-stable till he got
so he could say his prayers and take
off his hat to the American flag." The
senator-elect does not wish this bit of
robust satire printed in the paper, as
"there's a little bunch of Harvard In
the senate, and I may need it in my
business." The new senator holds civil
service reform In contempt; thinks it
will only Increase political apathy "to
take away all the offices from the party
workers and put them in cold storage,"
and adds:
Tell 'em it's all right to holler about a public
office being a private snap, but ask how the
registration Is going to be kept up in the ward
if mansions In the skies are to be the only re
ward for the fellows who drive the hacks.
Wharton comes to the senate after
twelve years' service In the house,
which he entered with a good record
made in the state legislature. Before
he completes his third term in con
gress he accepts deals and jobs and sly
legalized official steals as matters of
fact Later he takes Indian supply
contracts. His strong hold as a con
gressman was in pensions; he framed
a pension law that made his name sa
cred at the G. A. R, campfires and an
nual encampments at the West In his
last congressional fight he was obliged
to spend $2500 in buying some refrac
tory delegations In the nominating con
vention. When Wharton reaches the
senate after his career in the house he
continues to forage in pensions. He
kept four clerks besides his private sec
retary busy answering letters from
those who could, would or should be
pensioners. He attended campfires and
before he had been a year in the sen
ate "the senate payroll became almost
a copy of Tom Wharton's company
roster." He edged Into the committee
of the District of Columbia, and
through this was able sometimes to
make propitious Investments In real
estate and electric railway stock. He
voted for expansive currency and de
nounced what he called "the money
power," and one day after denouncing
the railroads he returned all his passes
and told one of his visiting constituents
that "Tom Wharton was rich enough
to afford the luxury of being honest"
Then he began to employ a broker.
If a circuit judge in his state was ap
pointed receiver for a railroad Senator
Wharton Indirectly furnished the re
ceiver with supplies. His broker
bought Sugar felicitously and sold Sil
ver with unusual luck. He formed a
pool in New York city In the stock of
a Western railroad which Wharton
said ran "from hell to breakfast,, over
two streaks of rust, through a four
acre mortgage," and sold out the pool
and asked them If they "saw any hay
seed In his hair" Unfortunately Tom
Wharton was a warm-blooded man, al
though a cold-blooded scoundrel, and
bis dissolute habits began to undermine
his mental and bodily health. He was
ignored socially by men whom he cyn
lcally called "the good, the true, andjsome little interest ia fostering trade
the beautifuL" His speeches, however,
continued to demand, a tariff on butter
and hides or sounded an alarm against
the trusts. He became so notorious as
a lobby senator that he was satirically
described as "a thrifty fellow who bad
saved from a salary of $5000 a year a
fortune reaching into the millions, who
united to the strength of a mastodon
the manners of a cave man and the
morals of a hyena." Suddenly one day
his home political machine begins to
give signs through all Its works that
all is lost. To no purpose did Wharton,
hammer away at the money power and
scorch the trusts. As a last resort he
started to pound the people into plumb
by the promise of a service pension
law. Then Senator Wharton began to
dabble in wheat, when he was sixty
years of age, and dropped his fortune
in that bottomless pit He goes to the
treasurer's office of his own state, who
shuts his eyes long enough for Whar
ton to steal a valise full of school
bonds. He gambles away the proceeds
of this swag, makes a desperate effort,
to blackmail money enough out of an
electric railway company to redeem the
stolen bonds he had hypothecated;
falls into a trap laid by his enemies,
and finally dies at the card table in an
apoplectic fit
Of course, the story has little more
realistic accuracy in details or founda
tion of fact than Edward E. Hale's
beautiful parable of "A Man Without a
Country," and yet Senator Tom Whar
ton is in his salient moral characteris
tics and political practice a typical
senatorial tool of the lobby. They do
not all end as tragically, but their ul
timate drink is. the gall of humiliation;
their ultimate food is the "Dead Sea
apples'' of iniquity
Should Bryan be the democratic can
didate the populists of Oregon will cer
tainly stay with him and vote for him.
This cannot be said of any other man
who could' receive the democratic nom
ination. Bryan occupies a unique posi
tion. He can get the democratic vote
and the populist vote of" the West and
South, and no other man can. The
difficulty of the. situation for the repub
licans lies In the apparent probability
that many of the multitude of demo
crats who voted for McKlnley in 1896
may vote for Bryan this year. The
causes are numerous and somewhat
complex. Thay lie partly In the events
of the time and partly in the general
estimate of the character of McKlnley
and of his administration. But there
is no man who can unite the democrats
and populists of this state and of the
West as Bryan can, and it may prove
to be as hard a task to keep him from
carrying Oregon as It was four years
ago.
The people of Tillamook want rail
way connection with the outside world,
and they "want it bad." Practically
shut off from the rest of the world dur
ing the winter months; served by a
very limited coastwise commerce even
at the best, and shut off from market
by a mountain xange that in the winter
is impassable except to sturdy mail
carriers, the people of that otherwise
favored section chafe at their isolation.
It is not too much to say that, for its
area, Tillamook county is not surpassed
in natural resources by any other
county of the state. Of course, it is
only a question of time when a railroad
will tap a section rich in mineral depos
its, in timber and in grazing facilities.
The people, however, bide their time
Ill content.
There are those who believe that the
recommendation by the Philippine com
mission of government for the Philip
pine islands substantially on the basis
of our territorial governments in the
United States implies or requires in the
Filipinos a greater degree of civic ad
vancement or present capacity for par
ticipation in government than they will
be found to possess. Yet perhaps it is
deemed necessary to make this recom
mendation and to .follow It with trial
of the method it suggests, as a con
cession to those In our own country
who preach "consent of the governed,"
without reflection that the doctrine re
quires high capacity of self-government.
Persons owning summer cottages at
Newport have been taking their turn
with predatory prowlers, who visit sum
mer resorts in the winter seeking.
Cottagers at Seaside suffered from this
cause for several years, but their trou
bles were at length ended In the death
of the depredator, though at the cost
of two other lives, -one being that of the
sheriff of Clatsop county. Officers of
the law were more fortunate in the ar
rest of the thief at Newport, this being
accomplished without serious effort. He
awaits in jail the deliberate processes
of justice, which will, towards mid
summer, land him in the penitentiary.
General Ludlow, In a recent letter to
the New York Times, defends his ac
tion In suppressing certain Havana
newspapers as justified both by the
letter of the Spanish law then in force
In Cuba and by the peculiar exigencies
of the situation. Of the temperament
of the Cubans General Ludlow says;
The average citizen is excitable and amena
ble to transitory Influences. He reads his news
paper and for the moment bellees what he
reads. He is not, like the American, accus
tomed to open vilification of authority, and
Infers weakness rather than strength from an
Ignoring of attack.
The movements of General Buller In
dicate that he now has forces enough
to push a vigorous flank attack and at
the same time to make a heavy attack
in front. At the critical moment,
should there be any opportunity, the
garrison of Ladysmith may be expect
ed to attack the Boer positions between
itself and General Buller. The work
that will decide the fate of Ladysmith
may be expected within a few days.
The protectionists seem to have in
timidated the president and beaten him
out of his scheme of free trade with
the "colonies." Nevertheless, there are
many, very many, people, who dc not
think that cheaper sugar, cheaper cof
feei cheaper tobacco, cheaper rice,
cheaper tropical fruits to consumers
would be the very worst consequences
in the world.
If you haven't yet registered you
would better do It at once. The pres
sure will be great pretty soon. Not
more than one-fifth of the voters of
Multnomah county are yet registered.
If you would be ahead of the rush,
register now.
The decision In the Puerto Rico case
is bad for the Pacific coast Those wjio
control legislation at Washington hav.e
On the Atlantic; they have none as re
gards the Pacific. The same influences
that have hitherto defeated everything
that promised aid to this Pacific coast
will rally to make the tariff on imports
from the Philippines as burdensome as
possible. The far Western members
will doubtless divide on the question
and complete the mischief.
It is hard on McBride, who really
wants, through a "fellow feeling," to
vote for Quay, that he is shut out from
voting for Quay, by his vote against
Corbett These little time-servers and
devotees of personal politics have their
troubles.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Governors seem to be almost as plenty
In Kentucky as colonels.
The British ministers, it is said, have
awakened. Now let tho congregations fol
low suit
Love will find a way, perhaps, but not
into congress, as B. H. Roberts can tes
tify. The Spanish government ought to be
able to make the most accurate appraisal
of tho value of Dewey's captures.
A woman has been elected president of
a Massachusetts bank. She probably was
promoted on account of her efficiency as
teller.
A rich man may not bo able to Bet Into
the kingdom of heaven, but think what
a splendid chance he has to get into the
United States senate.
.V
Tobe eueceasful on the etump,
Bmploy this simple ruse:
"Whatever you may think yourself,
Expresa-your bearers views.
Emperor "vVlllIam is writing poetry again.
Perhaps if he will promise to devote him
self to-thafbranch of his universal knowl
edge, his grandmother will give him Aus
tin's job.
Tho following comes from far-off Vlr
ginlar '
"I havo personally and collectively about
$20,000 to $25,000 worth of accounts due
by some of the good citizens of this city.
In ..rder to settle these matters up with
out forcing them into tho expense of bank
ruptcy, I offer to take 5 per cent In full
settlement and donate it to the church to
which they belong, and if they do not be
long to any church, donate it to the pub
lic charities of this city. Good for SO
days.
"WALTER POCAHONTAS HUFF.
"Roanoke, Va."
Seafaring men report the weather along
tho coast of Oregon worse this winter
than lias been known for many years.
It has not been that the storms were
more severe than usual, but continuous
heavy Bouthwest winds have caused
shoaling in the mouths of most of the
harbors. At Coos bay the bar has shoaled
considerably, and the same condition pre
vails at Tillamook, at Nehalem and other
places. A good blow from the northwest
will probably effect a change for the bet
ter in most of these places, and the natu
ral wash of the current will tend to re
moyo a large part of the sand deposits
as soon as the southwest storms are over.
Persons thlnklnsr of taldtior nart In tho
Boer war would do well to take a course
of training In shooting at a local gallery
where many kinds of movable targets are
furnished. The student is furnished with
a repeating rifle, and an extensive menag
erie is provided for slaughtering. A hare
leaping over a rock is closely pursued by
a hound, and follow each other so rapidly
that there appears to be a whole flock
of hares and hounds. Pigeons and crows
wing their way across the field of vision,
a flock of ducks swim across, a fine fat
buck meanders across slowly, as if anx
ious to be shot, two men on a donkey and
a picnic party on an elephant offer tempt
ing shots, A man, however unskillful In
the use of a rifle, can scarcely fall to hit
something, however wild his shooting. If
he missed a pigeon he would hit a crow,
and if he failed to knock over an ele
phant, ho might kill a donkey. This
woum give mm connaence, ana alter a
while he could select his victims and
bring them down at will.
Comes now the rumor that the razor
clam must go. He Is hauled by the million
from his abiding place beneath the cool
sands of Clatsop beach, and sold at a
price so ridiculously low that his ancestors
would have blushed for shame to be bar
tered for it Two companies, it appears,
are digging for clams, and qach being de
termined to freeze out the other by glut
ting the market clams are as plentiful in
Portland as footpads. The duck has his
wings, the fish his fins and the deer his
legs to escape, but the clam has nothing
but his "boot," and stands no chance for
his white alley when pursued by relent
less pot-hunters. If the Portland public
desires to continue to delight their palates
with clam chowder, and it is reasonable
to suppose that they do, some kind of pro
tective legislation must ne provided for the
benefit of these bivalves, or rather, for
the benefit of those who would enjoy their
carcasses. Perhaps, Representative Young,
of Clatsop, was not so erratic as the
measures he advocated lead his scoffing
colleagues to suppose him.
The practice now in vogue at the high
school of not allowing the sweet girl
and other) graduates, to speak upon tho
public stage on the occasion of their long
farewell to all their schooldays, is, no
doubt, a good one; but it robs the gradu
ating exercises of all their old-time Inter
est. True, the. maiden who is leaving the
classic halls, for others perhaps, or more
likely for the cold, hard world, takes more
stock by several large blocks In her gown
than to her essay, but, nevertheless, the
parents who have been watching her edu
cation with eagerness all these years, feel,
and, of right ought tofeel, that on one
occasion at least they are entitled to have
their girl show off before the other par
ents. And she cannot show off to the very
best -advantage by sitting still and looking
pretty. Seldom, indeed, has a graduate
anything to say that will prostrate the
hearers with astonishment, but most of
them' can say a few things, and say them
well, and their doing so affords those who
are interested in them no end of pleasure.
Classes are not much larger than they
used o be, and while all cannot be heard
from, a graduation would be of greater
interest if It consisted more of efforts of
some kind by members of the class than,
as at present, the parading thereof, and
a fine view in the background of the august
forms of school directors and members of
the faculty.
i
Trusts of Farmers and Laborers.
, New York Evening Post
The decision rendered in the United
States circuit court at Chicago, declaring
the "anti-monopoly" act of Illinois uncon
stitutional, appears to rest on solid
grounds. That act, which was passed In
1S93, declared in terms that its provisions
did not extend to agricultural products or
livestock In the hands of the producer or
raiser. In other words. It assumed that
monopoly was wrong In the case of some
goods and some persons, and right in the
case of others. It seems pretty clear that
such an act Is properly described, a3
Judge Kohlsaat says, as both class and
special legislation, and therefore in con
travention of both the state and federal
constitutions. It was speciously urged
that the exception might be held void, and
the remainder of the act constitutional.
To this It was replied that such a decis
ion by the courts would make the act
binding on the very classes which the
legislature had deliberately excluded. That
would be judicial legislation of the most
flagrant character. The truth is gradually
emerging that, IX anti-monopoly laws ars
to stand the constitutional tests, they must
apply to farmers and to laborers a? watt
as other classes a truth which makes the
task of the legislator a very heavy one.
No class In the community is more dis
posed to form combinations for Indus
trial purposes than the farmers, and these
combinations are frequently necessary for
their protection against extremes in prices.
Many of the laborers are also firmly con
vinced that combination is necessary for
their prosperity, and yet the combinations
which they form savor of monopoly. On
the whole it seems that if there are te ha
anti-monopoly laws they must he Im
partial and universal a requirement whiah
would silence a large part of the outcry
for such legislation.
a
THES OCEAN OP THE FUTURE.
Pacific Development the Next Great
Drama of Civilization.
New York Journal of Commerce.
It Is no new thought that the great de
velopment of our commerce will be upon
and beyond the Pacific. Some statesmen
have recognized this. Not a few men of
business have laid the foundations for
this development Our retention of the
Philippines finds in this fact its main, if
not Its only, reason. And yet It is doubt
ful If any large part of the nation real
izes It for the majority of population Is
much nearer the Atlantic than the Pacific,
and the general attention Is more closely
fixed on the present than on the future.
The Pacific ocean is to the Atlantic
very much what our Western prairies are
to our Eastern states, or even to Eu
rope. It is the new field; it is the place
where new commercial forces can grow
without crowding ethers out It is pre
eminently our field. On its Eastern shore
our own country is the only one that
offers any probability of developing it
British Columbia can hardly hope to rival
our Pacific states; its natural resources
ara too meager, and there Is too little
promise in the country back of it, valu
able as much of it may be for wheat
raising. South of us there Is no country
that shows any disposition to enter the
commercial arena with us. On the othei
side, Japan is the only competitor, and
though she Is rapidly developing into an
Important manufacturing and commercial
nation, her population and resouroes are
far behind ours. Situated as she is, -she
promises to be rather a partner than a
rival.
On the Pacific, then, wo ara compara
tively without competition. On the At
lantic and en the shores east of it we
must encounter very sharp competition at
every point, and always. With us it is a
matter of expanding our business; with
the people of Europe it Is the question of
existence. Whether In the carrying trade
or in the selling of our goods, we muat en
counter powerful competition, with neces
sity and ample resources pressing it or
and sustaining it But on the Pacific the
highways of the deep are our own; they
lead to our ports; they are remote from
all maritime nations except Japan, and
we may safely say that there will be room
on tho Pacific for Japan and the United
States when they have driven their com
petitors to other seas. It Is on the Pacific
that our maritime development promises
to come. It is on the Pacific because we
havo the leading ports on this side of that
ocean, and because there is only one mari
time nation on the other side. Japan's
future upon the sea is still somewhat un
certain, and It will be so long before Aus
tralia is a great state that wo need not
reckon with her. It Is on .the Pacific be
cause the way stations of Honolulu and
Guam and Manila are ours, and as a dis
tributing point for Eastern Asia, Manila
has points of superiority over Hong
Kong. No matter what we do, the Atlan
tic must always be dominated by Europe,
for Europe Is already there, and caa go
nowhere else. No matter what we do,
the Pacific will be dominated by us be
cause wo have both position and re
sources. The commerce of the world is In Its in
fancy. The commercial value of the
western shore of the American continent
has hardly been Indicated yet, while Asia
will not always remain Asiatic, and per
sons who have observed the conquests of
civilization do not fear to arm Oriental
labor with Occidental Implements. Asia
may produce far more than she does now,
but It is equally certain that she will con
sume far more. This trade all the world
will share In, but we shall secure the
lion's share, not by using the lion's meth
ods, but by utilizing our own incompar
able opportunities.
So we shall complete the circuit of the
world by the great stream of trade flow
ing from the rising of the sun to the going
down thereof. Beginning In the far East
and moving westward, it now lies across
the Atlantic and our own country. Under
the American flag, and with American
capital and enterprise, that main stream
of commerce will cross the Pacific and
reach Its own source.
o
Too Little for the Husband.
Detroit Journal.
"She desires to be unhappy! She is a
foolish girl! Her papa allowed her $HK),09
for her wedding expenses, and what did
she do but spend $60,000 for a trousseau
and only $40,000 for a husband! Any sen
sible girl would have got along with a
trousseau costing $19,000 or less, and spent
at least $80,000 for a husband! If she is
unhappy, I have no sympathy for her!
She should have known better!"
Constance would be Just with her old
schoolgirl friend, even at the risk of seem
ing something harsh.
i
In Modern Times.
Heitere Welt
Lover (dining with his betrothed In the
restaurant) Oh, these dinners in restau
rants are horrible! How happy I shall
be when we are married!"
His Betrothed Ah, then you know how
to cook?"
me
A Narrative Poem.
James Foley, Jr., In Bismarek Tribune.
He wrote home: "Mather, dear, I have
A place that cannot fall,
I'm worklns for the aemtnonwealth."
(He was he was In. JalL)
"I board and lodge at my employer's
House," Ctwas true, ywi see),
"I have a private room the has
Been set apart fer me.
"My habits are quite regular,.
I do each bidden task.
My food" ('twa3 bread and water leae),
"lb all that 1 eaa ask.
"I'm. heW above tn fellow-men "
And my cempanfens here."
(He wa3 the only prisoner
Kept in the upper tier.)
"I de not think that I ean eerae
To see you Christmas day.
I hoped to, but I do net see
How I can get away.
"1 am to make a Journey soon."
(He waa condemned, yeu knew.
For murder), "but I eaanet say.
Yet, Jest whera I will go."
The sheriff wrote after 'twas dene:
"Tour son died suddenly.
'Twas Just this morning he dropped off,"
(The gallews; don't you see.)
"Tour eon stood high among as here."
(The gallows was quite tall).
"And hundreds gathered at the last,"
(They dd te eee Mb faM.)
The dear old lady heaved a sob,
And said, dryleg- her eyes
"Ah, welt! Since he aest be out down,
I'm glad he stool so high!"
GOSSIP OF THE pkB& CAPITAL
WASHINGTON, Fela 4W-&here seems to
be no doubt of the taloatlMt of the ad
mmietration to take care Barrett,
ex-minister to Shun, if he l not be a
member of the next lliMWflnit eeounis
slon, he will nrooably he a member of
the commission to visit CMua and Japan
to investigate trade tusiltttunn ca
such commission is natMilsrul by con
gress. Barrett has mate hsneetf very solid
with the adathuetration, an Me speeches
and lectures on expanstwt, osenntg from a
Cleveland democrat. ha teen regarded
a exceedingly helpful, luiinmsnlfrr in the
South. The Oregon delegation may be
consulted If the president wants to ap
point Barrett
There Is a gnat deal ot activity behind
the bttl for a commercial eommieston to
vtett the Orient, and the lejteesentatives
of the Asiatic governments here favor
the plan. The Chines muiuner, m an
Interview favoring It. indicates that such
a coBMataolon would accomplish moeh mere
geed K the presctdent wovld rescind the
order of General Otis exetedtng Chinese
from the PMllpptnes.
To Reimburse Three States.
Reerseentatlvc Kahn, of CaJWemia, has
introduced a bill which w&s tacked by
his predecessor, Hepresentaove Maguirs,
mtenoeev to reratDwrse the states ec Ore
gon, California and Nevada lor moneye
expended by-them m the sepaceseton of
the rebemon. The bill appropriates $,
188 for Orsgen, JMtt.MS for California, and
$&MM0 for Nevada, wh-ch are represented
as the amounts, principal and Interest
paid by the respective states for the
purpose Indicated. The bill provides that
the money shall be paid in four Install
ments, the first to be made upn the pas
sage of the bill, and the other three an
anally. Beginning July 1, IMa This hill
carries a good-omod appropriation, and
there sooms to be a mote or lees de
termined oppeeMoa te It, so that its
chances of final passage are set very
bright It has the further fact against
it that It has "been pending for a good
many yeas, and been eeattnuattj- turned
dews.
Alaska Ceast Survey.
A special report of the director of tho
eoast and geodetic survey, just sub
mitted to the senate committee en coast
and insular surveys, and by Senator Fos
ter, chairman of that conuattUe, trans
mitted to the senate, takes up briefly
the work of the survey along the Pacific
and Alaskan coasts during the past year,
and touches very lightly on the prospec
tive work in those regions, besides out
lining the work to be done in the Philip
pines and the other islands.
The report touches very lightly upon
the work that was done on the Pacifio
coast, that coast having been surveyed
previously. It is said that additional
work will be required on the Columbia
river, in the straits of Tuca, and on the
eastern shore of Paget sound.
With regard to Alaska, a mora extended
statement is made. The Alaska shore line,
36,609 miles in extent It Is said. Is marked,
by upwards of 1109 Islands. The south
eastern waters have already been charted
with sumclsnt accuracy for the purpose
ef present commerce, with the exception
of seme of the western shore line ot
some of the islands forming (he great
archipelago between Dixon entrance and
ley straits.
To the westward and northward of this
region no shore lines have been surveyed,
except around Yakttat bay. The mouth
of Copper river has "been developed, and
a beginning has been made en Prince
WHltam sound. The survey ef the delta,
of the Yukon, one of the greatest rivers
in the world, has just been completed.
The hydrograpMe development has been
made extending from this delta up to
Cape Nome.
Great Geld Developments.
This last-named section is now attract
ing widespread attention on account of the
extraordinary gold developments Gnd
appears to have been found along a regi n
extending for 2M miles from Cape Prince
of Wales eastward to Norton sound It 14
evident that a population of not less than
39,1)00 people will be gathered there n
the coming spring; and that they wilt
leek anattouety for a means of eommuni
eattoa wMh the eubsC wotMl It seem
desirable, therefore, to Investigate at on a
the possibillti& of some harbor along he
southern limits of this region, which wiu
remain open all the year round.
With the exception of the points enum
erated, and a few local surveys, the "hat ts
of the survey are but- reproductions of
early Russian and British surveys, whicix
are uncertain and inaccurate. A survey
of the passages of the Aleutian islands Is
urgently needed, and surveys of harbors
of refuge and of all harbors through which
commerce goes en Is called for. This is
true also of the region of Cook inlet, anl
wherever accessible coal beds have been
discovered.
The discovery of an aceeseiMe pathway
into the Interior of Alaska by way oft
Valdes emphaoiaes the necessity for ac
curate surveys m the region of Prince
William sound.
The work ef the survey in this region
te being puohod with all possible dispatch.
and during the past season five of the
survey's vessels were at work in Alaskan
waters, and a large amount of valuable
charting was completed. This work will
be continued as rapidly as the resources
of the survey will admit. Those charts
which have been made are now in progress
ef reproduction, and will be published at
an early day.
One ef the gentlemen now in Wash
ington in the interest of the Cape Noma
miners is Dr. J. S. McCue, ef Dawson
City, Alaska, and who, while hers, is also
looking te the general Interests of that
territory. In speaking of conditions up
there, he said:
Conditlens at Cape Kerne.
"The miners of Alaska, and especially
those of Cape Nome, believe that they
should have the power to regulate the
size of a claim and to say how much o
it shall be worked In order to hold It,
as they had the power in California in
the early '89s. They have been Impelled
to take this step en account of the at
tempts of the big corporations to take
possession of the entire Cape Nome dis
trict for themselves and a few friends, to
the exclusion of the actual working miners
ef the district There will be fully 99,009
miners in that region this year, and 109
feet of space on the beach and creeks la
aH that any one man should possess. Re
cently the miners took things Into their
ewn hands and secured possession of the
diggings. About 399 of them were arrest
ed, but the marshal wag powerless to do
anything, and called upon the captain
of the revenue cutter Bear for aid, but
the latter derided that he could not in
terfere, as the beach was not under ths
control of the mining lawn of the United
States. Immediately some 1899 men went
te work, and they realised some $20 to
$800 a day. It Is the richest district in
the world. I believe it Is within the power
ef any man who is sober and industrious
to ge there and make from $89 to $100 a
day by simply working a claim for him
self. The climate to, of course, cold In
winter, but in the summer It fe tne finest
m the world.
"We want the secretary of the Interior
te take action which wW prevent the
transportation companies fiem charging
such exorbitant passenger and freight
rates. These matters are within his juris
dtetle. We further befleve that thT9
should also be estamshed for Canadian
goods a free port of entry, and I shall
advocate it while I am here. I know it
wiB cause a sensation and a protests yet
It would nevertheless by the right thing
te kx Wlthhr the next two years Alaska
wilt have a population of at mast 140.000
people at nresawl we have oae-hird of
rhat number and why should they not
have a territorial leg stature and a dele
gate la congress?''
9
Why He Laughs.
Harlem SM.
"What awful rot ytinnmittTB fskes are."
"Well. I cannot say that I ant able to
detect any merit in them, but I notice that
ou laugh heartily at evry one'
"Laugh? I've got to jaughl w nasi
l$v