8
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, 'JAtfUAEY 20, 1900.
Railroads Said to Be Favoring
.Eastern Soapmakers.
'COAST INDUSTRY IS THREATENED
Discriminatory Rates Enable tho
Bast to Pnt Dp Strong: Competi
tion in a 2V'ortb.YFcat Field.
The soap manufacturing Industry of the
Pacific coast and of states between the
Rocky mountains and the Missouri river
Is threatened because of keen Eastern
competition. Coast manufacturers do not
hesitate to say that the East Is .enabled
to put up this competition through dis
criminating freight rates granted by the
transcontinental railroads. Five fac
tories have closed down at Denver. A
San Francisco factory, the largest on
the Pacific coast, has stopped work.
Some of the smaller factories In Oregon
and Washington may stop their ma
chinery before long.
The Denver News sounded the alarm
in an article wEich was reprinted in a
recent number of the American Soap
Journal and Perfume Gazette. An Oma
ha firm shipped 45 cars of soap to points
In Colorado and Utah. The consignment
consisted of 50,000 "boxes, containing 2,000,
000 bars enough to wash 150,000 persons
for one year. This is how Denver viewed
the Omaha Invasion, as reported by the
News:
Invasion of Denver's Territory.
"'Every bar of this soap will be sold
In the territory which rightly belongs to
Denver manufacturers, but which they
ore unable to hold because of the dis
crimination in freight Tates. In other
words, the soap manufacturers of Omaha
and other MIssourl-rlver points can make
soap and ship in to Denver and points
west of this city at such prices that the
home-manufactured product Is literally
driven out of the market.
"According to those interested, the
competition so disastrous to local manu
facturers is made possible by no other
condition than the freight-rate situation.
The large packing-house companies of
Missouri-river points have caused five
Denver soap factories to shut down, and
the two remaining plants are being op
erated only by the most strenuous ef
forts and consistent scheming of those In
charge.
"Only within the last three months
the Pueblo Soap Company was compelled
to shut down Its plant. The stockholders
of the company assigned the wrecking
of their business to no other cause than
the competition of the Eastern manufac
turers with the advantage of cheap rates.
That makes six dead factories in the cit
ies of Denver and Pueblo alone, and
loaves the soap-manufacturing industry
in such a condition as to be but the
pitiful remains of what was once a thriv
ing line of business.
""According to the tariff-sheets of the
railroads, the soap rate from the Mis
souri river to Denver is 35 cents, while
the rate from this city to the river is 50
cents. But a very insignificant advance
is made on shipments for points west of
this city. The rates are such that the
Missouri-river sap factories can sell their
product cheaper than the Denver-made
goods.
"In the particular instance of the Oma
ha shipment, the local manufacturers
say that .such an Immense single lot is
certainly carried at a rate far less than
"the regular tariff, and that this means
an additional cut in the prices and moc&
less to the home factories. What they
can do against such odds they do not
profess to know.
Discriminating Rates.
"It was about a year and a half ago
that the last of the Denver companies
to go under closed its plant. The four
others had preceded it but a short time.
As is generally the case, none of the
companies had been making any more
than expenses for months. The strug
gling Industry was crushed when those
who -wore interested realized that they
were putting thelir money into a bot
tomless pit.
"A peculiar condition of affairs has been
disclosed. The manager of one- of the
local soap plants was asked just what
discrimination against the local factories
amounted to. In reply he stated that he
did not know what it was: "There is no
use in our keeping track of it,' said the
soap man, 'it is bad enough. We know
that, and our keeping track of the rates
would not do us a particle of good.'
"This manager was very well aware
of the difference In prices asked for soap.
Such an astonishing difference as he said
he knew to exist could only be possible
through discriminating freight rates.
That such was the cause, the managei
stated In most emphatic terms. 'Our city
man reported that the Eastern-made
soap was being sold for 50, 60 and 70 cents
per box cheaper than that made In Den
ver, said the manager. 'But what can
we do about it? If we go much lower, we
will be selling our product at less than it
costs us to make it That will send us
the way the other five companies have
gone.'
Same Situation In Portland.
The Denver News article was shown
yesterday to local soap manufacturers
and afrey united in saying that the condi
tions complained of at Denver exist at
Portland and throughout the Northwest.
Favored by freight concessions, Eastern
manufactuiers have invaded the whole
field. They are enabled to put laundry
soap into this country for 3 cents a pound,
and local manufacturers have been com
pelled to cut prices from 5 to 15 per cen;
In order to hold their business. Not only
this, but the travelers for Eastern houses
drum up local business as well as whole
sale business. For example, a traveling
.man will sell 1XX boxes of soap to a Port
land wholesaler and guarantee the sale
of one-half of It To make the guarantee
good, he will canvass the territory tribu
tary to Portland for orders for 500 boxes.
When tho consignment reaches Portlana
the 500 boxes are shipped by the wholesal
er to t!he customers whom the traveling
man has obtained, and the wholesaler adds
the remaining 500 boxes to his stock or
goods and takes the usual chances on
tJheir disposal through the regular chan
nels of trade. Local manufacturers co
not complain of this method of working
up trade. They consider It legitimate com
petition. It is cited here simply to show
how keen has become the competition in
t&e soap business in the Northwest
Eastern manufacturers Favored.
Discussing the situation, C. F. We
gand, manager of the Portland Soap &
Chemical Company, said yesterday.
"Rates on soap from Missouri river ana
Mississippi river common points and from
Chicago, Cincinnati, Detroit Pittsburg,
Buffalo, New Tork and Boston and com
mon points to Pacific coast termlrals are
75 cents per 100 pounds In carload lots ana
SI In less than carloads. From Paclnc
coast terminals rates on east-bound soap
to the noints named are the same as on
west-hound shipments. We have the same
complaint against the railroads that the
Denver manufacturers make, viz., carry
ing soap into our territory for less than
rogular tariff rates. It is not the 33-cent
rate from Missouri river points that hurts
Denver, but the discount which the rail
roads grant the large shippers. As I
look at it a considerable concession must
be given to Eastern manufacturers In or
der to enable them to ship their soap Into
our territory and sell at a profit With
the railroads, the matter Is one of busi
ness. They want all the freight they can
not hold of and all the revenue that
freight-hauling will bring to them. In
favoring the Eastern manufacturer?, they
iigure that they get the rate from the
originating point to the objective point and
then the local rate from the objective
point to the points of consumption when
the consignment is distributed.
"'Any coast manufacturer can make eoap
and sell it In competition with the East
In this territory. It is not the Eastern
competition that we fear, but the undue
advantage which the railroads give East
ern manufacturers in the matter of. dis
criminatory rates. Eastern shippers could
not cell soap at a profit in this territory
if they were forced to pay the rates named
In tho west-bound tariffs. Eastern soap
sent Into this territory Is sold as fast as
received and at about cost If the East
ern manufacturers succeed In driving the
Pacific coast manufacturers out of busi
ness they -will advance prices and make
up In future sales for losses Incurred
while they were competing for the fiela.
It has been reported that Cudahy, of,
Omaha, has given it out that he will get
his soap into this country if the effort
costs him $1,000,000. We do not vouch for
this statement but give It as It has come
to us. j
"We feel tho Eastern competition every
where in the Northwest It is so sharp
that prices have been forced to a low limit
and the business situation Is not as sat
isfactory as it should be. Take the Lewra
ton country, which is naturally tributary
to Portland, for example. Lewlston is
not a Pacific coast terminal, but it is
hinted that the carload, terminal on soap,
which Is 75 cents per 100 pounds, has been
applied, to thatpoin.t Bad and all as
iMc Is we woujh.a.ye. a chance, as the
carload rate 5n .soap .from Portland to
Lewlston is 60 cents and In less than car
loads 92 cents. If these rates were main
tained, Portland would have an advantage
of 15 cents per 100 pounds. The Eastern
shippers manage to get behind the rates,
and therein is the- source- of all our com
plaint - '
The soap industry has attained fair pro.
portions and the- country would lose
If it should be forced to the wall by dis
criminatory tariffs. There are about a
dozen factories In the Northwest and their
output last year was not far from $500,000.
Eastern shippers should pay tariff rates
on consignments shipped into this terri
tory, hut how this Is to be accomplished, I
cannot say. If the present condition of
affairs continues, there is no telling what
will become of the soap Industry. We can
fight the Eastern manufacturer, but we
stand little show against the Eastern man
ufacturer and the railroads combined."
Sharp eastern Competition.
At the office of Iiuckel, King & Cake
Soap Company, Charles W. Cottel, the
secretary, made the following statement:
"A Northwestern manufacturer never
knows what he has until he engages In a
manufacturing enterprise. He naturally
supposes that the territory which is his
by geographical location will be his for
business, but the railroads will soon dis
pel the Illusion. He will learn that he
cannot count on the territory which geog
raphy has given him, but must, accept the
territory which the railroads elect to allot
to him. Just now the Indications are that
the railroads are favoring the Eastern eoap
manufacturers and enabling them to In
vade our field. We have no specific Infor
mation upon which to make a charge, but
when a carload of soap Is dropped into
-the Lewlston countrywe suspect that It
got there on the basis of jthe terminal rate
to Portland, which is 75 cents per 109
pounds. As Liewiston Is ' not a terminal,
the rate to that point should be the ter
minal from the East to Portland, plus the
local rate from Portland to Lewlston. This
would be 51 35 per 100 pounds. A concession
of CO cents per 100 pounds to the Eastern
manufacturer to which he is by ne means
entitled Is a serious discrimination against
Pacific coast Industry.
"Eastern competition never was so sharp
as it is now. In 1893, when times wero
hard, the East did not bother us so much,
but now it is grasping for every dollar's
worth of business in sight We could hold
our own but for the concessions which
the railroads are apparently granting to
the East So keen is the competition that
profits have been forced way down. Ours
are about one-half what they were In 1890.
Eastern salesmen are scouring the coun
try for orders. The shipments are made to
Portland in carload lots and consigned
to a transfer company. When the con
signment reaches Portland, the transfer
company breaks the cars and reshlps the
small orders to points In Portland's field.
"There Is only one remedy for the pres
ent discouraging state of affairs, and that
Is to make the Eastern shippers pay tho
rates named In westbound tariffs. As It
is, they have an unfair advantage, and
one that is destructive to Pacific coast in
terests." MATINEE TODAY.
The Neill Company in "A Bachelor's
Romance" at the Marqanm.
The Nelll company will be seen at tho
Marquam theater this afternoon In their
best production, "A Bachelor's Romance, '
tho best of their plays and the one m
which they gained the favor of Portland
amusement-lovers Monday night This
will give those who missed an opportunity
to see this splendid company in "A Bach
elor's Romance" Monday night a chance
to do so at reduced prices, and there is
every prospect that the house will be
crowded. The -play is a delightful comedy,
and will he remembered as one of tho
most famous of Sol Smith Russell's plays.
4 0
PERSONAL MENTION.
Will H. Parry, of Seattle, is registered
at the Portland.
J. H. Wlllett,- a merchant of tBrldal Veil,
Is at the Perkins.
Judge H. E. Benson, of Klamath Falls,
is at the Imperial.
E. C. Klrkpatrick, a hop dealer of Dal
las, Is at the Perkins.
Fred T. Merrill and family will arrlvo
today from California.
S. 5. Loeb and wife,- of Tacoma, are
guests of the Portland.
Rev. W. D. Ewing, of Hillsbora, Is reg
istered at the St. Charles.
Mrs. C. P. Hoguc, of Oak Point, Wash.,
is a guest of the Perkins.
William Warner, an Oakesdale, Wash.,
merchant is at the Portland.
William Speya-, a San Francisco Insur
ance man, is at the Portland.
Ex-Senator John B. Allen, of Seattle,
is registered -4it"4he Portland.
W. G. Howatson, a "Clatskanie logger,
Is registered at the St Charles.
D. W. Campbell, a Skamokawa logger,
Is registered at the St Charles.
State Senator T. Cameron, of Jackson
ville, is registered at the Imperial.
E. Stanton Isaacs, a Walla Walla flopr-ing-mlll
man arid "wheat dealer1, is at the
Imperial.
W. L. Robb, a prominent citizen of As
toria, is at the Imperial, accompanied by
his wife.
J. D. Kirk, a Umatilla county farmer,
is registered at the St Charles from
Pendleton.
J. S. Fish", proprietor of-'the Umatilla
house at The Dalles, Is registered at the
Perkins, with his wife and daughter.
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 19. Portland ar
rivals are registered at hotels here as fol
lows: George L. Hutchin, at the Grand;
J. C. Simmons, at the Cosmopolitan; H.
Eddlngs, F. M. Spartas, at the Golden
West; James J. Smith, J. Dockhan, S H.
Coster, A. Strong, F. A. Moyer, at the
New Western; Miss Caples, Miss Henlon,
F. Well, wife and children. D. L. Temple,
XL Hazer, at the International; F J
Roberts, J. S. KIdd, at the Brooklyn. "
i a
IV. C. T. V. Meeting:.
The regular monthly meeting of the
East Side W. C. T. U. was held
Thursday afternoon, at the home of Mrs.
Herbert Smith. Mrs. Sarah M. Kern, pres
ident of the union, preaide'd, and consid
erable business was transacted. Superin
tendents of the various departments are
pushing the work with commendablo zeal.
Mrs. Spangler, state evangelist and or
ganizer, will hold a series of gospel
temperance meetings under the auspices
of the union, Monday, Tuesday and
Wednesday evenings, at the hall on Powell
strsek A Loyal Temperance Legion has
been organized and will meet 6n Friday
afternoon at the hall. Mrs. Mercer Lamer
Is the superintendent
STEAMSHIP MOVEMENTS
LENNOX WILL CONTINCET IN THE
GOVERNMENT EMPLOY;.
Arab Will Not Return Interesting
Decision Regarding Pilots on Gov
ernment Ships Marine Notes.
Thex steamship. Lennox, which, made
such a good record in the transport' serv
ice, Is now en route to Portland ta inri
another cargo of forage and coal for !
Manila. The steamer sailed from Manila
for Portland by way of Otaru January 3,
and, while no advices have been received
of her departure from the Japanese poet !
she Is believed to be en route and well .
on her way across the Pacific. It was I
thought for awhile that the steamer I
would be turned back to Dodwell & Co.
at the conclusion of her present trip,
which would have made her' available i
for Portland business, but aViShe' is tp
continue in the-government service, an
other steamer 'twilUprobdbly be secured
to lnlcV hfr ntono TVTo iorJo1r?rf AiJ.
rived out at Yokohama Thursday" 'and
will make another trip to Portland, reach
ing her some time In February.
The steamship Arab, which will sail
from Flavel for the Orient today, will
npt-make another trip on the Portland
" GERMAN" SHIP1
PHOTO. DY UJtM&
- r 'AW ' " "r l .
A big force of men are at work repairing the damages to the German ship Margretha,
which was run down by the Magdalene, Tuesday. Wolff & Zwicker are doing the work, and
by tihe time she is ready for sea again she vill have cost the underwriters something like
$9000. The above cut shows the position of the vessel at the time ehe was struck, and the
damage wrought by the Magdalene.
line. She has heen chartered" To 'load
sugar and hemp at Manila, Ilo Ilo or
Cebu to one port In the United States,
Liverpool, London or Clyde. She Is to
receive SO shillings for sugar, or 60 shil
lings for hemp, and Is to load between
March 1 and 20. Her gross earnings
for the trip at the rate named will amount
to about $40,000.
GOVERNMENT PILOTS.
Important Decision k Regarding the
Jnrisdlcton of Inspectors.
The office of the local inspectors t of
steamboats for this district is in receipt
of a very important decision regarding
the jurisdiction of the government In
spectors over pilots employed on govern
ment vessels. It is generally supposed
that the employes of government vessels
were not amenable to the same laws as
those governing masters and pilots in
the merchant service. For alleged care
lessness in the management of the United
States army steamer General Thayer the,
license pf Captain Henry H. Stilllngs, was
suspended for 10 days. Stilllngs appealed
from the decision, claiming that the ves
sel he was piloting was exempt from the
provisions of steamboat-inspection laws.
The decision of the solicitor of the treas
ury was against the appellant, and in
part was as follows:
"It Is contended that while Captain
Stilllngs was acting on 'this occasion ho
was in the army service, a separate de
partment, with which the steamboat-inspection
service could not Interfere, and,
further, that he was not, In. fact, 'acting
under the authority of his license' when
the collision occurred, but was acting
under the control and orders of the war
department.
"Upon this state of facts my opinion
Is requested as to whether or not the
steamboat-Inspection service has jurisdic
tion over one of its licensed officers when
acting upon a vessel of the United States
in the capacity for which he was licensed
and was only employed as rfuch, because
of such license, though the vessel upon
which he was employed was not required
by law to employ a licensed Officer, at
tention being called to the fact that the
Investigation in the case was made upon
the request of the government officer In
whose employ said licensed officer was
at the time of the occurrence referred to
herein.
"The proceedings in this case were com
menced under section 4450, revised stat
utes, which provides that the local in
spectors shall investigate all acts of in
competency or misconduct committed by
licensed officers while acting under the
authority of his license, and describes
the mode in which said investigations
shall be conducted.
"It further provides that If an officer
shall bo found Incompetent or 'guilty of
misbehavior, negligence or unskillfulness,
or has endangered life, or has wilfully
-violated any provisions of this title
(Title 52 R. S., Regulations of Steam Ves.
sels), they shall immediately suspend or
revoke his license.'
"This statute was enacted to afford a
prompt and summary remedy, as exigen
cies might arise, for the care and pro
tection of human life, and, should there
fore be given a liberal interpretation, in
the interest of public safety. . ,
"Section 4439, revised -statutes, provided
that whenever any person' applies to be
licensed as master of any steam vessel
or sailing vessel of over 700 tons, the hr
spectors shall make diligent Inquiry as
to his character, and If, after careful In
quiry, they are satisfied that his capacity,
experience, habits of life and character
are such as -to warrant the belief that
he can be safely entrusted with the du
ties and responsibilities of master, they
shall grant him license for the term of
five years, but such license shall be sus
pended or revoked upon satisfactory
proof of bad conduct, Intemperate habits,
incapacity, inattention to his duties or
the willful violation of any of the pro
visions of the, title relating to the regu
lation of steam vessels. The purpose of
this provision is to prevent men of in
temperate habits, or who may be guilty
of other bad conduct, as well as men who
are wanting in experience, from acting
as master of vessels. A man may pos
sess all the requisite qualifications when,
licensed, and afterward become intemper
ate or be guilty of bad conduct Will It
be seriously urged that his license a
master cannot be suspended or revoked
because of his Intemperate habits or bad
conduct, unless he should be drunk, or
his conduct be bad, while he ..was on
board a vessel -and actually acting as
master?
"There can be no question that, if at
any time during the life of a license its
holder should cease to possess the quali
fications required by law, his license
may be suspended or revoked, even
though he may not be at the time acting
us master. If it should bo held that a
master's license could not be revoked
for any cause that did not transpire while
the holder was actually acting as master
on some vessel, It might often happen
that tho holder of a license would be ut
terly unfit to discharge the duties of mas-,
ter.
"Under section 4442, revised statutes,
trustworthy and faithful persons, pos
sessed of the .requisite knowledge andj
t i
skill, may be licensed as pilots, but such
licenses shall be suspended or revoked
upon satisfactory evidence of negligence,
unklllfuIBess,, inattention, to the duties of
his, station, ,pr Intemperance, or the will
ful violation of any provision of the title
in which said section is found,
"What I have said as to the right to
suspend or revoke the license of a mas
ter applies to a pilot
"Under section 4443, revised statutes.
Captain Stilllngs wob licensed in the
double capacity of master and pilot
"The Investigation in this, case was made
at the request of the government officer
who had employed him.
"While it Is a fact that Captain Stll
Jings was at the time in the service of
the quartermaster's department, and in
charge of an army steamer, and that he
could have been so employed even though
he was not a licensed master and pilot,
yet it is very certain that without such
license he would not have been employed.
Ko person should he permitted to hold
such credentials when for. any reason he
is not a proper person, in contemplation
of the law, to serve as master or pilot.
"If congress had intended that these
licensed officers should not be liable for
misbehavior, negligence or unskillfulness
while in- the -discharge of their official
"duties. - on "board a public vessel of the
printed "Staleslt jvould have expressed
Its hitep.fclqn.-v ,. "
"In my. opinion, such officers become
liable to the provision of section 4150, re
vised statutes, when in the discharge of
their official duties on board any steam
vessel, public or private, and navigating
any waters of the United States which
HA&b'RETtiA
are common highways of commerce or
open to general or competitive naviga
tion." TIME-SAVING DEVICE.
Novel Plan for Escaping Visits From
Bill Collectors, Etc.
There Is a certain overworked govern
ment official In this city who has devised
a plan for escaping Interviews with unde
sirable visitors. .This official has secluded
quarters, which are only reached after
passing an outer room, which is guarded
by his secretary. The captain, for that
is the title of the official, has rigged up
an elaborate switchboard, with wires run
ning from tho secretary's room to the in,
ner sanctum, and has arranged a code
of signals something like the following:
One loud ring, man who wants to col
lect a bill. Short ring, man who wants to
pay a bill. One long and one short ring,
party wants an engineer's license renewed.
Two short rings, ancient female book
agent. Three short rings, handsome young
female book agent etc. The captain ex
presses his desires regarding the visitor,
by a code of answers such as: "Call next
week," "Show him In In a hurry," "Out
of town," "Certainly, be pleased to see
her," etc.
The code, as originally rigged, was so
long that a number of embarrassing mis
takes were made, and on the first of the
month it becomes necessary to use only
the long-ring signal. The captain thinks
there Is a great future for invention In
electrical lines, and -as soon as the code
in the office becomes infallible, he will
turn his attention to perfecting an ap
paratus to be used in Inspecting steam
boats by telephone or telegraph.
THE FIRST CASE.
Vancouver, B. C, Has Established an
Admiralty Court.
VANCOUVER, B. C, Jan. 19. An ad
miralty court has been established In Van
couver, and the first case under this juris
diction was tried yesterday before Chief
Justice McColl. The action was brought
by Charles S. Dean, a seaman, against
F. R. McD. Russell, as registered owner,
and Charles E. Crockett, as master, of
the steamship City of Columbia.
The admitted facts showed that Dean
shipped on May 7 last under Captain
Crockett at $50 per month, and that he
was discharged at Queen Charlotte sound
on November 8. The defense claimed,
however, that Dean had deserted the ship
at Vancouver, in August, and had re
shipped at ?30 a month on September 7.
On cross-examination of Crockett, it ap
peared that Dean had been on the ship at
the time, and was working at the time
when Crockett claimed he had deserted.
The court gave judgment In favor of the
plaintiff for six months at $50 per month.
AMERICAN SHIP IN PORT.
Clarence S. Bement Will Pay Off Her
, Crew In Portland.
For the first time in many months
there Is an American ship in port. Tho
Clarence S, Bement arrived up from As
.torla yesterday, .morning- looking clean
and well groomed, as though she had
Just slid out of a drydock instead of
finishing a long trip across the stormy
Pacific. The Bement left New York last
summer for Shanghai, with a cargo of
case oil for Japan, and all of the crew
shipped In Gotham are still with her.
They will be, paid off in Portland today,
however, -and when the ship is ready for
sea she will ship a new set of hands.
The Bement is about 1G years old, and
when sho was first launched made many
trips to Portland. Recently she has been
diverted to other trades, and this is her
first visit here for five years. She Is In
comniahd, of Captain Fernauld, and Is
under charter to Epplnger & Co.
GRAIN SHIP LEAKING.
Clnckmnnnnnshirc Ha n Hole Below
the "Water Line.
ASTORIA, Jan. 19. Tho British bark
Clackmannanshire, that arrived down the
river yesterday was discovered to be leak
ing through her fore peak this morning.
The water was coming in quite fast
through a hole about two feet below tht
water line. The crew was put to work
at the pump3 and found no difficulty in
keeping her clear. From an examination
that has been made, it Is believed that a
floating log struck the anchor that was
hanging over her side and drove one of the
flukes through her hull as she was coming
down the river. Lloyd's surveyor at Poit
land has been telegraphed for and wllV
arrive in the morning to make an official
examination and decide what Is to be done.
It Is thought that her cargo forward can
be shifted so as to permit her bow to
come out of the water sufficiently to al
low repairs to be made.
. . . Notice to .Mariners.
Notice is hereby given that, pending
repairs to the fog signal machinery, the
first-class "steam siren at Farallon light
station. California, will not be sounded
-
during fog from Friday next, January 19,
1900r for a period of three or four days.
Due notice will be given as soon as the
repairs are completed.
By order of the lighthouse board.
U. SEBREE,
Inspector Twelfth Lighthouse District
One Tent "Was Enough.
PORT TOWNSEND. Jan. 19. According
to a decision of the United States attorney-general,
the internal revenue de
partment' has been charging an excessive
tax on export bills of lading and receipts
Issued by carriers from the United States
by rail to Canada and Mexico. Hereto
fore the department has required a 10-cent
stamp on such export bills of lading and
receipts, and the matter was taken before
the attorney-general, who, on the 13th
Inst, rendered an opinion that, accordfng
to the wording of the law a 1-cent stamp
on such bills and receipts was all that
was required.
Monmouthshire In Quarantine.
ASTORIA, Jan. 19. Dr. Hastings, local
quarantine officer, received a telegram
this afternoon" from Dr. A. T.-Watt. Brit
ish quarantine officer at Victoria, stating
that he would hold all the passengers on
the steamship -Monmouthshire in quaran
tine for several days, but the vessel would
be released as soon as she was disinfected,
which would probably be tomorrow. Un
der an arrangement between the marine
hospital service of the countries, tho
steamship will be passed at this port on
the certificate given her by Dr. Watt
provided no new cases break out after she
leaves Victoria.
Suliect to4 Legacy Tax.
PORT TOWNSEND, Jan. 19. According
to a ruling received today from the treas
ury department and made by the commis
sioner of internal revenue, a bequest of
moneyjto a priest for the purpose of say
ing masses for the repose of the tout Is
liable to legacy tax. The case came be
fore the commissioner from Illinois, where
a bequest had been made for that pur
pose. Wreck of the Helgoland.
ST. JOHN'S, N. F., Jan. 19. The tug
Ingraham has returned here from the
wreck of the Helgoland In St. Mary's bay.
A diver who went down yesterday after
noon found a shapeless mass of Iron,
sails and cordage. The only letters of her
name now remaining are "Hel." As yet
no bodies have been recovered.
Steamer Golden Gate Crippled.
SEATTLE, Jan. 19. The steamer Golden
Gate arrived here, this morning in a crip
pled condition after a perilous trip from
Alaska. December 20 she broke the coup
ling of her main shaft and was blown
TOO miles to sea.
Portland People Married In Astoria.
ASTORIA, Or., Jan. 19. John Edmund
son and Miss Alma Hurssel, both of Port
land, were married at the Congregational
church in this city this afternoon. They
left for Portland this evening.
Marine Notes.
The German bark Alsterkamp left down
yesterday morning, and tho German ship
Chile left up yesterday afternoon. The
Bement and the Colony arrived up In the
morning.
A merchants' exchange advice from
London reports that the steamer Energla,
which was sunk on the voyage from Ta
coma to Hong Kong, has been floated and
beached.
The French bark Louis Pasteur finished
loading last evening. As she has been in
the river but 17 days, her owners will
have na cause for complafntat the dis
patch which Is given vessels in this port.
The bark Jane Falkenberg is being over
hauled on Bullen's ways, Esqulmault, and
it has been found that she can easily be
plhced in first-class condition, her hull be
ing sound. She will probably sail for
Cape Nome In the spring with her cargo
of lumber.
The accident to the Elm Branch will
probably delay her arrival at Portland
until next month. By that time the steam
ships Guernsey and Inverness, both un
der charter to the Pacific Export Lumber
Company, will be loading, one at Hastings
mill, and the other on the Sound. This
will give the Portland firm three ships,
which will get away pretty close together,
and which combined will carry over 9,000,
000 feet of lumber.
Domestic and Foreign Ports.
ASTORIA, Jan. 19. Sailed Schooner W.
F. Jewett, barkentlne Tam O'Shanter,
for San Francisco; steamer W. H. Har
rison, for Tillamook. Left up at 2 P. M.
German ship Chile. Condition of bar at
5 P. M., moderate; weather, clear and
calm.
Yokohama. Arrived January 18 British
steamer Abergeldle, from Portland,
San Francisco, Jan. 19. Sailed Steamer
George W. Elder, for Portland. Arrived
Steamers Newburg end South Coast, from
Gray's harbor; steamer Alice Blanchard,
from Coos bay; ship Spartan, from Seat
tle; steamer Willamette, from Seattle;
steamer Wellington, from Departure bay.
Port Townsend, Jan. 19. Arrived Bark
B. P. Cheney, from Honolulu, for Tacoma.
Coos bay, Jan. 18. Barbound Steamer
Empire.
Tacoma. Arrived January 18 British
bark Dominion, from Port Townsend.
San Pedro. Arrived January 18 Bark
entlne Newsboy, from Tacoma,
Movllle, Jan. 19. Sailed Anchorla, from
Glasgow, for New York.
Victoria. Passed January 18 Steamer
Portland, from Unalaska, for Nanalmo.
Honolulu. Arrived January 10 Schooner
A. J. West, from Gray's harbor; Decem
ber 19, bark Topgallant, from Tacoma;
January H, bark Pactolus, from Depart
ure bay. Sailed January 12 Hawaiian ship
Star of France, from Port Townsend.
Havre, Jan. 19. Arrived La Cham
pagne, from New York.
Southampton, Jan. 19. Sailed Aller,
from Bremen, for New York.
Queenstownr Jan. 19. Arrived Lucanla,
from New York, for Liverpool, and pro
ceeded. Old Lnndnwrlf.
The old Centenary Methodist church
building, which stands on the corner of
East Sixth and East Oak streets, now
passes Into another period of Its long his
tory. It was erected about 34 years ago on
the corner of East Ninth and East Pine
streets, when the spot was surrounded by
timber. The foundation logs of the build
ing were hewed timbers. When Dr. J. W.
Bushong started construction on the pres
ent $75,000 stone edifice, the old church
was given to the Salvation Army people
to move away. By permission they moved
It to its present place over the slough,
where it has been their quarters until
they moved to East Washington street
and Union avenue. Now it becomes a fac
tory building.
i o
Archbishop Will Be Present.
The members of St. Francis' Catholic
church, on the corner of East Eleventh
and East Oak streets, have been making
preparations for the visit of Archbishop
Christie to the church tomorrow. As it
will be his first visit to that church, they
have been looking forward to the day
with unusual interest. He will participate
In the services of the forenoon, when the
edifice will receive his blessing and he will
deliver an appropriate sermon. Several
months ago the interior of ttie edifice was
renovated, handsomely decorated and fres
coed, while the outside received a coax
of paint. The visit of the archbishop will
be a great event for the church.
a
Tho rocking chair causes insanity, so
It -Is said. In fact, the physicians are
claiming that the rocking chairs are the
cause of most of the nervous troubles
from which women suffer, and are ad
vising their relegation to any place where
thoy will not be used. '
LYNCHING OF WHITE MAN
OCCURRED RECENTLY IN NEWPORT
JEWS, VA.
Charged With Criminal Assault Mob
Well Organized and Orderly Vic
tim Came of Good Family.
The first lynching In the history of New
port News, Va,, occurred early on the
morning of January 5, when W. W. Watts,
a white man, said to be a gambler from
Lynchburg, Va., was taken from, the station-house
to a point outside the city
limits, tied to an oak sapling, and shot to
death. Watts was charged with crimi
nally assaulting Mrs. Thomas M. Simp
son, the wife of a shipjolner.
The work of the mob showed a deter
mination and organization that was re
markable. Only seven men went to the
station after the prisoner. They found
the authorities totally unprepared, and
their task was comparatively easy. After
securing their prey, the men quickly left
the station, and joined the mob which
was awaiting them. Watts was then car
ried to the house of his victim, Mr3. Simp
son, who identified him as the right man.
The crowd then hustled him across the
Chesapeake & Ohio railway tracks, Into
the woods, where the tragedy was en
acted. The Execution.
The victim's hands were tied together
and fastened to a small tree, and the men
gathered around and emptied the contents
of a number of revolvers Into his body.
One large bullet comDletely penetrated his
head, and a score or more wounds were
discovered In various parts of his body.
The rope with which the victim was
bound was cut up and distributed among
the onlookers.
The coroner who held the inquest over
the remains said that his examination
showed no signs of mutilation besides the
pistol bullets.
The crowd quietly dispersed, and very
few residents of the city were aware
of the fact that a tragedy was enacted.
While the citizens of Newport News did
not sympathize with the man, still they
deplored the action of the mob, holding
that the law would have taken its course
In a satisfactory manner.
All the members of the mob were thor
oughly masked, and none were Identified,
although the police made strong efforts to
run down the ringleaders.
Made a- Full Confession.
There seems to be little doubt of the
guilt of the unfortunate gambler. House
Sergeant Booker declaring that the man
made a full confession to him.
When confronted by Mrs. Simpson,
Watts did not deny the serious charge
against him. contenting himself with re
marking that "love and jealousy would
make a man do anything."
It seems that Watts came to Newport
News weeks before, ostensibly looking for
work. He was dressed as a "hobo," and
applied to Mrs. Simpson for aid. She gave
him something to eat on one or two occa
sions. According to her story he returned
one day neatly dressed and told her he
was going to Lynchburg, and had come to
say good-by and thank her for her kind
ness to him. He followed her Into the
house and made an Indecent proposal,
-whereupon she screamed. Seizing her by
her throat, Watts forced Mrs. Simpson
Into a room and accomplished his purpose.
The alarm was given and the man was ar
rested en the Chesapeake & Ohio train.
He had on his person a first-class ticket
to Lynchburg.
Parents Would Not Receive H1h Body
The father of Watts came to Newport
New3 from Lynchburg, where he is a mem
ber of the police force. The grief-stricken
man, after learning o the nature of the
crime of which his son was guilty, refused
to bring the body tQ his home In Lynch
burg. Before his return to Lynchburg he ar
ranged with an undertaker to give his son
a decent burial.
Mr. Watts told of the waywardness of his
son, and of the many offers he had made
him If he would only return to Lynchburg
and lead a sober and. Industrious life. The
father said that In the last conversation
he had with his son he warned him against
the life he was leading, and told him that
If he did not change his course the worst
would certainly occur. Young Watts Is
eaid to have been wayward from early
youth. He was of an excellent Virginia
family.
REVISED NEW TESTAMENT.
It Shows Only Unimportant Differ
encesCredibility and Inspiration.
EUGENE, Jan. 17. (To the Editor.)
With your grace I should like to set forth
my understanding of the corrected text
of the revised New Testament out of the
data in the hands of tho scholarship that
worked upon It.
Everything has been liberally given to
the reader of the English Bible in the
labors of these men. Some have noticed
changes In the textual readings of the
King James translation, and this revised
New Testament, and, like the little boy
and the cats, have been alarmed or de
lighted unduly as they believe or disbe
lieve. The little boy alluded to ran into the
house exclaiming to his mother that "50
cats were in their back yard." The
mother expostulated as to the statement
of her boy, when he reduced the num
ber to 25. After further discussion he de
clared, "Well, there's our old cat and an
other!" And so the old cat? of un
belief and Ignorance have a scrap on
hand at every new translation of the
sacred oracles.
The best scholarship of the world en
tered Into the work of the revision. The
fruits of the labor give us these factst
Seven-eighths of the MSS are identical as
to the text; the variations in the re
maining one-eighth are accounted for in
orthography, transposition of words, er
rors in grammar and some Interpolations.
When the mistakes in orthography are
corrected there remains one-sixtieth of the
text of the MSS showing variations; when
the transpositions of words and unimpor
tant differences are regulated there Is left
but one-one-thousandth part that In any
way affects the thought of the text, and
when these variations are considered there
Is not a new doctrine included or lost
The teaching of the book is in no senso
affected by these remaining variations.
I have before me an ordinary Oxford
Teachers' Bible, that shows 237 pages;
and a Revised New Testament, that shows
283 pages. One-one-thousandth of these
books would be from one-quarter to one
third of a page of the book that is Inter
polation or of such variation as to affect
the thought or sentences, but in no sense
to change the doctrine of the book. Those
working on the revision have seen fit to
leave In the text two or three portions
about which there Is not agreement, with
a note such as "Not found In the oldest
MSS." The MSS were largely personal
property, and many of them show, as our
printed Bibles Interjected notes, interlinear
writing and marginal reading. These are
no more to be considered than one's notes
In his own Bible of our day. But we
can understand how copyists, who would
depend on memory, a companion a reading
and the tedious work, would make varia
tions. We can also comprehend how Im
mense the work of the revising commit
tee to compare all MSS and translations
available to correct the text of the New
Testament and the whole Bible.
The first writings were made on paper
and also on parchment. None of these are
extant. - The MSS were written In uncial
and cursive character. B'ghty-three of
the former are now known to Biblical crit
ics. Of these, few of them contained all
the New Testament. Only one does now.
But they variously contain parts of tb&
book. The four gospels are found In a
fair degree of completeness In four of
Vao uncialSi tho Acts in five of them,
Paul's writings In nine, the other epistles
In seven, and the Revelation In five.
There are 1997 cursive MSS. Thirty of
these contain all the New Testament The
remainder contain copies of a book or sev
eral books; and many of these MSS are
fragmentary. Besides these MSS there
were In use In the churches sets of read
ing lessons called Lectlonarles, dividing
the New Testament into 52 lessons for
Sunday readings. There are still preserved
about 540 of these.
There are four uncials of great antiquity:
(1) The Codex Slnaltlcus; (2) Codez Alex
andrlnus; (3) Codex Vaticanus; (4) Codes
Ephraeml. There are also ancient ver
sions, translations from Greek into other
languages, that are considered of great
value: a) The Peshito Syriac; (3) the old
Latin; (3) the Latin Vulgate; (4" tha
Coptic versions; (5) the Ethiopic; (G) tho
Gothic: (7) the Armenian. These, and fac
simile copies of them, are retained in
public libraries and museums of Europe,
Asia and America. Other data are gath
ered In quotations in books of authors.
It may appear strange to some that th
first writings autographs are not found,
and from this feel inclined to admit doubts
as to the genuineness of this corrected
text But possibly it Is better a3 It is,
when justly considered.
Let us suppose a case: (S8 plus 1997 equals
20S0. the number of MSS extant, besides
versions and quotations). The president
Issues a proclamation to the citizens of
this country; It Is printed in the papers;
later some wish to refer to this procla
mation; the original cannot be found; ac
cess is had to tne flies of the newspaper
offices; 2080 are selected; some are soiled,
others fragmentary, some contain all the
text, but the typesetting has been faulty;
letters are omitted, words are supplied,
lines are omitted: there are upper and
lower-case type used out of place; the
whole presents wide variations; none aro
absolutely correct But is it not highly
probable that by diligent comparison ono
copy may be deduced that gives a much
satisfaction to cit'zens as if the original
had been at hand, against which lone
document forgery might be urged? But
when time had elapsed and a great number
of copies were available and deduced Into
one corrected text, the result would bo
a correct copy. Scholarship working upon
It would correct the orthography, arrange
all Irregularities Into grammatical con
struction, where omissions occurred in
some copies from others they supply, so
that the entire thought would be restored
as In the original.
Ancient MSS and versions with later
copies have been gathered up, being pro
ductions from the middle of the second
century on down to the art of printing.
The Bible was the first book printed, since
wmen aevout students have labored muco
as Individuals and In co-operation to
give us a perfect text. Erasmus pub
"'shed a Greek New Testament In 1315, m
1522 there was published the Compluten
tlan Polyglott testament; in 1546 Rdbert
Stephen brought out an edition In Paris;
between that date and 1551 three others
were published. The 1611 English version
was made largely from his third edition,
which had become a received text in Eng
land. In 1633 Elzevir Bros, published at
Lcyden a Greek New Testament, which
was received on the Continent. John Mill,
of Oxford. In 1707, brought out a Greek
New Testament and noted the various
readings. At this publication infldel3
shouted "50 cats In our yard." But tho
discussions following reduced the num
ber to "one old cat and another." In
1734 John Albert Bengel. of Tublnger uni
versity, brought out a critical text; in. 1733
Wetstein, of Amsterdam, published a text
from 102 MSS of his own collation. It
was published In two volumes. Grf&nbach
was the next critical scholar to foijow
Wetstein, and published a. New Testament
In 1806. Scholz. of the university of
Bonn, worked from 616 MSS and produced
a defective text In 1830. In 1831 Charles
Lachman published a Greek testament
He brought his work out from ancient
MSS only, endeavoring to give, about
1850, a text nearly Identical with that of
the fourth century. Tischendorf published
eight editions of the Greek New Testament
from 1S41-1872. He discovered the Sinaltlc
Ms, which he presented to the czar of
Russia, who had 30Q facsimile copies
printed and distributed to libraries and
universities In Europe and America.
Tregelles, laboring from 1844-1S70, using
ancient MSS and allowing ancient ver
sions to have a voice, brought out a Greek
New Testament. Wescott and Hart la
bored 23 years together and in 18S1 brought
out a. Greek New Testament
The scholarship that worked upon tho
revised version have given to us In beau
tiful English dress the ripe fruits of Bib
lical criticism. It Is a great satisfaction
to the believer to know that this book
come3 to him through the fire of adverse
criticism and devout Christian learning;
that from the beginning there were trans
lations of the holy scripture made in
all languages; that this labor has been
perpetuated throughout the generations
to the present, when tho text Is published
in more than 300 tongues. This wonderful
book has been the cause of widespread
church building in Europe, Asia, Africa,
and America, all having been accom
plished out of love and unfeigned faith. It
has laid the foundation of monasteries
schools colleges and universities in all
lands. The author said nineteen centuries
aco: "My word shall never pass away.
b J. B. LISTER.
DAILY METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
rORTTiAIfD. Jan. 19. S P. M. Maximum
temperature. 53; minimum temperature. 44;
river reading at 11 A. M.. 14.S fet: change la
the last 24 hours. 1.2 fset; total precipitation,
S F. M. to 8 P. M., 0.01 inch; total precipita
tion from Sept. 1. 1600, 2X77 Inches, normal
precipitation from Sept. I. 1880. 23.83 inches;
deficiency, 1.0G leches; total sunshine Jan. 13,
0.00; possible sunehlne Jn. 18, 0.10.
WEATHER SYNOPSIS.
No rain has fallen in. the paat 12 hours in
Oretron, "Washington, or Idaho, except a traco
at Seattle. The weather has been clear at
the majority of the stations on the Pacific
slope, and In the coast and Sound region, the
temperature has fallen sMsrhtly. These condi
tions result from an area, of high pressure
which was first observed on the "Washington
const Friday momlnff, and has since remained
nearly stationary. It Is expected to mov& east
ward, bring lower temprraturea to the dis
tricts east of the Cascade and. to Southern
Idaho. Fine weather la expected to continue
during the prevalence of the high.
WEATHER SYNOPSIS.
Forecasts made at Portland, for toe 28 houra
ending at mldnlsht Saturday. Jan. 20-
"Western Oregon and. "Western Washington
Fair: west to south winds.
Eastern Oregon Fair; cooler; winds west to
southwest.
Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho
Fair; cooler; west to south winds.
Southern Idaho Fair; cooler; winds nortivwest
to southwest.
Portland and vicinity Fair; winds west to
""Uth G N. SALISBURY,
leaves the lungs weak and
opens the door for the germs
of Consumption. Don't
wait until they get in, and
you begin to cough. Close
the door at once by healing
the inflammation.
makes the lungs germ
proof; it heals the inflam
mation and closes the doors.
It builds up and strengthens
the entire system with
wonderful rapidity.
50c and $1.00, all druggists,
SCOTT & BOWNE Chemists. New Y5.