THE MORNtNQ; CQ"RB&OtfIAN, WEOTESDAT JANpART 4 1900.
RAND RONDE AWAKE
Will Peed the Rich Mining Coun
try Tributary.
ALSO REACHING OUT FOR TIMBER
Projected Railroad Enterprise Ha
Stronc Men BeUInd It and Will
Be Carried to Completion.
LA GRANDE, Or., Jan. 16. The effect of.
the mining development of Eastern Ore
gon is beginning to T felt in the agri
cultural districts. An agrarian popula
tion is slow to take up new lines of in
dustry. Remaining for years in one place
and settllnir Into fixed habits of action,
varied only with the seasons, fanners
and interior merchants do not readily
adapt themselves to changing conditions.
Revolutions in agricultural systems often
are delayed until imposed by immigrants
who infuse fresh blood and foreign ideas
into the community. Thoughtful experi
ment and moderate speculation bring
about development.
The Grand Ronde valley, the richest
and most extensive valley of Eastern
Oregon, is waking up to wonderful oppor
tunities. It finds itself the agricultural
center of a mineral zone which is attract
ing and giving support to thousands of
people. The Cornucopia and Snake river
mines, GO miles east, and the Baker City,
Sumpter and Granite mines, within the
same distance south and southeast, are
tributary to the fields, meadows, gardens
and orchards of the Grand Ronde. And
now that the mining camps are making
frequent and heavy demands upon this
land of plenty, residents begin to have an
appreciation of their holdings. So many
of them have nad their cupidity aroused
by touching the- gold and silver which is
flowing in from the mining camps that
organization is under way to get more o
the precious stuff. It is agreed that
Grand Ronde should place herself in po-.
sitlon to traffic directly with all the pro
ducing mining centers. The Hilgara,
Granite & Southwestern Railroad Com
pany Is an effort in that direction.
The project of a railroad up the Grand
Ronde canyon and over the summit of the
Blue mountains and down a fork of the
John Day river to Granite Is not a result
of mining enterprise only. It Is a neces
sity for timber and sawmill operators.
But the farmers of the Grand Ronde val
ley look upon it with great favor because
it will put them in quick and close com
munication with the best market which a
tanner may hops for a mining camp.
Interest In the Railroad.
As the preliminaries of building from
Hilgard to Granite go forwaTd, interest
in the project naturally Increases. The
citizens of L.a Grande and vicinity begin
to talk futures with great assurance.
Engineer W. T. Chalk and ills assist
ants have advanced a number of miles
Tip the Grand Ronde canyon. Their ob
servations and line of stakes Indicate easy
grades and inexpensive construction. The
surveyors and locators follow a wagon
road for the entire distance of 60 miles
from Hilgard to Granite. This track has
been used by prospectors and freighters,
since the early '60s. It is much traveled
every summer. It follows the water grades
of the Grand Ronde and John Day rivers,
crossing a low divide between them. It
renders the preliminary survey of the
railroad aneasy undertaking, and will be
a convenience to the graders and con
struction gangs which will make their way
through the canyons in the summer.
One of the Steels, who had the contract
for building the mountainous division of
the O. H. & N. from Huntington to TJma
taia, expresses- the opinion that the route
up the Grand Rondo' a.nd down, the John
Day offers no great difficulties to either
construction or operation of a rallroaa.
Backed up with a knowledge of every mile
of the proposed route, he says that con
struction of a permanent way for rails
will not be expensive. The rock forma
tion in this region Is soft. The surface Is
-decomposed and works down readily. Cuts
and grades can be made cheaply.
Lumber by the Bullions.
In its own good time the Hilgard, Gran
ite & Southwestern railroad would have
been built if there had not been bags of
gold ore hung up at Granite as an in
ducement. For several years a railroad
tip the Grand Ronde canyon has been in
the minds of the sawmill men who oper
ate large plants near La Grande. These
mills have consumed the best timber in
their immediate vicinity. One of the mills
has been cuttlnglogsfrom the banks of the
Grand Ronde river for a distance of 30
miles above the mill dam and using the
current of the stream as a transport. The
banks, of the Grand Ronde have yielded
this one mill 75.000.009 feet of logs. In the
coming spring freshet 1S,000.000 feet more
will come down the Grand Ronde for the
same factory. To supply this drive exten
sive logging is going on this winter In
the mountains above Xa Grande. Other
mills in the group west of this city are
sledding into their yards 9,000,090 feet of
logs, so that for sawmills within five
miles of La Grande contracts have already
been let for 27,CCO.CO0 feet of logs for the
run of 1900. The mills near Elgin, Im
bler, the Cove and Catherine creek are
setting their machinery for 5,500,000 feet of
logs this year. The total cut of the
Grand Ronde valley for the coming 12
months will certainly reach 32,500,003 feet.
There seems no danger of overdoing the
sawmill Industry in Eastern Oregon. The
mills have sold down so close that a run
of six months is requisite for stocking up
the yards. There is no probability that
the market for Eastern Oregon lumber
will be glutted. There are Indications, on
the other hand, that the requirements of
the mining regions of Oregon, Idaho, Utah
and Colorado, where this product is mar
keted, will be greater than ever before.
The average return for the lumber pro
duced In this region is ?lo 50 per 1000 f. o. b.
cars. High grades bring far more than
those figures; low grades some less, but the
average is $10 50. On the estimated export
of 1903, 22,503.000 feet, the sum of $341,250
will be realized. Mlllmen declare that
sales will exceed $550,000. The returns for
the lumber -export th'a year will cover
one-third the; cost of the projected Tail
way through 60 miles' of forest and mining
country.
The fact that the Grand Ronde Lumber
Company, of Perry, is advancing the mest
ol e money lor the preliminary work en
the new raHroad is favorable for early
completion of the line. Within the last
uLyeaTs thia company has sawed up iS,- '
K,OO0 feet cf logs. It has demonstrated -the
possibility and practicability of driving
logs In the swift mountain streams of .'
asiem uregon. For years other mlllmen
in Eastern Oregon have claimed that the
streams were too turbulent to be used.
Lumbermen and the Railroad.
L. C. Stanley, who owns a controlling
interest is the-Grand Ronde Lumber Com
pany, lives at Chippewa Falls. Wis. He is
in a position, on account 'of h's standing
in the financial world, to secure the co
operation cf other Eastern capitalists In
the present railroad project. If assistance
Is desired. E. W. Bartiett, register of the
La Grande land office, and his father of
Eu Claire, Wis., are stockholders in 'the
lumber company and enthusiastic pro
moters ef the railroad. Robert Smith,
president of the La Grande Nat onal back
and also interested in lumbering, is a prime
mover in the railroad scheme. J. m.
Church, mayor of La Grande, a banker
and capitalist, says that the new railroad
will be the realization of a dream which
occupied his mind as far back as 1S70. Mr.
Church is a pioneer of this region. He
was one of the iirst quartz miners in the
Granite district, Ms operations in that pur
suit dating as early as 1S68.
Rail Transportation Cheapest.
It Is established In the business of log-cJw-
and rawing- that by fall is the cheap
est way to get timber from the forest
to the yard of the factory. A few years
ago it was thought that nothing could
compete with driving Iocs down streams
and rivers. Sawmill men have changed
front on this question. Even In Western
Washington, where watercourses and armn
of the sea indent the land" everywhere,
the railroad Is recognized as the most eco
nomical transport" This is In the face of
the fact that construction la very expen
sive and difficult through the dense forests
west of the Cascade mountains. The mills
at Klamathon, In Northern- California,
which have long used the Klamath river
as a driveway, are preparing to substitute
steam for current power. The Klamathon
logging road will run along the bank of
the river for 30 miles as a positive and
striking demonstration of the superiority
ot the rail over the river for logging. Ten
years ago mlllmen might have ridiculed
this departure at Klamathon.' Now it will
be Indorsed by any progressive logger.
At Coos bay, the large sawmills depend
more and more upon the- railroad, which
penetrates the interior country. In past
years the Cooa and Coquille rivers were
sufficient for all logging purposes.
A few years ago the Sumpter Valley
railway was built for hauling sawlogs into
Baker City from the forests of which
Sumpter was the center. For the simple
purpose of logging it proved a paying in
vestment. But it has done more than was
originally intended for it. Offering cheap
transportation, it stimulated development
of the mines near Sumpter, and a great
industry and large population have re
sulted. The 33 miles of narrow-gauge
track, besides performing all that was in
tended for It, now carry thousands o
tons of merchandise and thousands of peo
ple to settle a once uninhabited country.
The road has built up the country, as rail
ioad do nowadays. Besides what it
makes from freights and logging, the
Sumpter Valley road only 33 miles In
length reaps a harvest of nearly 100 a
day from passenger fares.
The people of the Grand Ronde valley
hope for as great results and benefits from
the line 'between Hilgard and Granite aa
have come to the Baker City district.
WILBUR FISK BROCK.
CATHOLICISM AMONG BOERS
Claim Hade Tbnt They Aire Free
From Rellffions Intolerance.
PORTLAND. Jan. 16. (To the Editor.)
In view of tbe fact that several articles
bearing on the question of Boer bigotry
have appeared in the columns of The Ore
gonian and were allowed so far to pass
unchallenged. I deem it my duty for jus
tice's sake to a race struggling for the
priceless crown of God-given liberty to
contradict the falsestatements which have
issued from, the pen of such thoughtless
writers as Sidney O'Brien, of Washing
ton. We are led to believe by strong Eng
lish sympathizers that the Boer Is very
much of the same stripe as. the A. P. A.
in his palmiest days. We are told that
the Boer is such a bloodthirsty bigot that
he will look down with a merciless eye
upon the dying Irishman who in the name
of God and humanity calls for a Catholic
priest, and that the heart of the Boer is
so hardened against the Catholic church
that he will not allow the minister of God
to approach the dying sinner and console
his sou! In that critical moment of life.
If these statements were true, the- Boer,
I say, would be worthy to meet with the
wrath of God and that of nations, and the
sooner he and his race were swept off
the face of the earth the better it would
be for liberty and civilization. But I
challenge the truth, of such statements.
We call for facts based upon the testi
mony of impartial eye-witnesses. I am
not prejudiced against the English peo
ple, but I am not ready to accept all the
falsehoods which are published with some
political motive in view to arouse the pre
judice of the English-speaking masses"
against the Boer and favor indirectly a
certain class of political wirepullers.
I am not by any means one of those
who should wish to see the downfall of
the British empire -because I realize full
well that in such a case the cause of prog
ress and civilization would be checked to
a very great extent throughout the world;
but let us give the Boer full justice where
justice belongs. Allow me to state that
the Catholic church has had nothing to
fear from the so-called prejudice of the
Boer government It is a noted fact,
based upon the testimony of Catholic
church authorities such as the Oblate
Fathers in South Africa, that the church
has enjoyed great freedom and has made
great strides of progress since she began
to establish her missions, some 40 years
ago, in. the Transvaal and the Orange
Free State. The Transvaal is under the
ecclesiastical jurisdiction of a prefect
apostolic who Is a priest having episco
pal jurisdiction. The Orange Free State
was also made a prefecture apostolic
about the same time as the Transvaal
republic For 48 years the Oblate Fathers
of Mary Immaculate have labored with
-extraordinary zeal and have reaped abun
dant success in both republics. In 1851
there were only a few priests in the field,
but now there are SO Oblate Fathers and
five vicariates, a very flourishing monas
tery of Trappist Fathers, Christian and
Marist Brothers, Holy Family, Augustin
lans, Dominican, Nazareth, Mercy, Ursu
line and Kermaria nuns.
At Johannesburg there Is the largest and
best equipped hospital in South Africa, a
large boarding school for young ladies,
under the direction of the Sisters of the
Holy Family; near by a home for old
men and women and an orphanage, under
the charge of the Sisters of Nazareth.
Besides these the TJrsullne nuns and the
Marist Brothers teach more than 500 chil
dren In their schools. The same thing
can be said of the Sisters of the Holy
Family at Bloemfonteln and Kimberley,
of the Sisters of Mercy at Mafeking. and
of the Sisters of Kermaria at Taungs.
We find the Oblate Fathers in both
armies, because in both there are Catho
lic soldiers. Rev. Father Ogle. O. M. I.,
Is with the British at Mafeking; Rev!
Father Morley, with the British at Kim
berley; Rev. Father William Murray and
Rev. Father James Saby perform the same
duties at Ladysmith. Rev. Father Leon
Marchal, of Johannesburg, Is chaplain to
a regiment of 2000 Irishmen, who have
taken the part of the Boers, itev. Father
Stephen Hammer, of the same city, Is
chaplain to a corps of 3000 German vol
unteers. These authorities are all to be
found in the "Petltes Annales"' of the
Oblates of Mary Immaculate for Decem
ber, 1E99.
Now, I ask, how do these facts compare
with the gratuitous statements of Sidney
O'Brien, as quoted in Monday's Oregon
Ian? If the Boers were so bigoted as pic
tured by such writers would the Catholic
church have made the progress and en
joy the freedom of action which she does
all over the Transvaal and the Orange
Free State? L. P. DESMARA1S.
JO"
Only Two Days Left.
Charles L. Young, manager for Emma
Nevada, telegraphed Manager Heilig, of
the Marquam Grand theater, yesterday,
inquiring If the guarantee had been raised
and giving Mr. Heilig two days In which
to make the arrangements. The sub
scription list will remain open today and
Thursday. By tomorrow night it will be
known whether the great singer will visit
Portland. t
' B
Fifty Cliiclrens Were Stolen.
J. A. Braden, who lives at Glencoe sta
tion, had 50 chickens stolen Monday night.
He reported the matter to the Portland
police, and it Is hoped the thieves will
be caught if they bring their booty to this
city for disposal.
c
The Lord Cairns Spolien.
ASTORIA, Jan. 16 The British ship
Lord Cairns, which sailed from San Fran
cisco for Cork December 16, was spoken
by the British ship Colony, December 24,
In latitude 15:30, longitude 123:30.
J-C n
The French peasants who live near the sew
age farms of Paris hare entered a protest be
cause of the contamination pf their wejte,
A BRIEF FOR THE BOERS
REV. KRUEGER PROTESTS AGAIXST
BRITISH INTERFERENCE.
Ultlanders Tiot Entitled to Represen
tation, as. They Arc Only Tenipo
ranily in tlte Country.
HUNTSVTLLE, Wash., Jan. 14. (To the
Editor.) The population of South Africa
today is a mixture of classes. Heie we
find the white race- south of the Yambesl
river almost as large as the population' of
Chicago. Half of these are of Boer .r
Dutch origin, whJe the others are Afri
kanders and Ultlanders. The Afrikanders
are those who were born in the country,
but of European descent while the Ult
landers, Dutch, Germans and English, are
for the mo3t part only temporary or tran
sient settlers. The negro claea baa a
population of about 6,000,000, ' divided Into
many tribes, and spattered over thou
sands of miles of territory. All blacks
make a common cause against the whites.
Unlike Americans,, the people of South
Africa are always mor.e or less In strife,
and most of this is caused by political
ambition and jealousy. The enemy of the
Boer Is the Uitlander. The Cape Colonist
Is at enmity with the Natallans; yet the
Cape Colonists and Natalians make com
mon cause against the Boer. Thus strife
and enmity are the lot of this country,
and a union Is not to be thought of; as
lo-V Jf ...
- && ?!
- ?'Vl5&.v &
riXi'.'ksJ
r.uifK v -3?.'y.. "v i
icistli
- 9UKV-JS: 3- -X . -,' '
Rev. P. Krnegcr, HuntsvHle, Waj.li,,
long as these conditions prevail. Thus the
growth and development of this part of
God's heritage Is retarded, and all must
suffer. When we consider that the first
settlement of South Africa was made
about the time America was settled, It
seems rather startling, this diversity of
paths.
Africa, with Its tropical clime, its water
less desert, its fertile plains,, its wilder
ness of mountains, has less than 1,003,000
people who have, found the country agree
able enough to become permanent citi
zens. All along the coast, and for -hundreds
of miles Inland, the country can
yield as much, as any country in the
world: the climate Is pleasant, and homes
would be most agreeable. Hundreds, of
miles inland, far beyond the great Kar-
row desert, are the. plains ,of the ivim
berley region, the Orange Free State and
the Transvaal. Here we find, during &e,
drv season, the earth, covered with, a- dry
grass. Vegetation seems to have died, out
entirely. The rays of the sun beat down
upon the ground, and very often great
clouds of dust hide the horizon from
view. Here the traveler finds neither jjtrees
nor bushes for hundreds of miles; the riv
ers are waterless, and once in- a white
one will see a lone Boer looking after his
thirsty flock. Upon this seemingly bar
ren region the copious rains descend and
the scene becomes changed. Instead of
barren land, we behold animated scenes,
for the plain becomes a tropical garden,
and strangers will realize that there are
some uses for that part of God's heritage.
The Transvaal is the most uninhabitable
oart of South Africa. Its only redeeming
feature ''is Its underground wealth.-6 TheV
Boer's only reason for settling here was
his desire to be left In peace. Leaving out
the underground wealth, no one but the
Boer would have gone there The Orange
Free State, the ally of the Transvaal,
forms with the Transvaal the only non
English possessions in South Africa. It
also lies on the veldt, which. ist of no
commercial value whatever. Ab'out 35
years ago the Orange Free State was con
fronted by the same condition with Eng
land as the Transvaal is today, but it
aid not have the courage of the Trans
vaal to demand its rights from Britain.
It was at that time, that the Kimberley
diamond mines were discovered in Free
State territory. England, seeing the ad
vantage, grasped It by buying a native
chief's olaims and pushing them as its
own. The Orange Free State, being weak,
agreed to sell ita claims for $50,000. The
mines aro now owned by a large company,
of which I believe Cecil J. Rhodes is the
head, and they have brought forth the
magnificent sum of $500,000,000 worth of
diamonds. Thus la exhibited the grasping
policy of England. Be It remembered that
England would not own the diamond fields
today, had it not been that she forced the
Orange Free State into the agreement.
Before the diamond fields and gold mines
were discovered, South Africa was worth
less in the eyes of the commercial world.
It produced no more than was needed for
homo consumption. The discovery of dia
monds and gold has made the country
wealthy, and it has gone to the front by
leaps- and bounds. By consolidation and
the formation of a syndicate. Beers ended
all this by monopolizing the diamond In
dustry and starving out the miners. The
country .wco about to lupse into its for
mer condition when the Transvaal gold
mines were discovered. This marked the
beginning of all the troubles of the Trans
vaal. The English syndicate, In trying to
monopolize the industry, as was done at !
other places, found in the Boers a people j
who resisted every effort to defraud them .
out of their country. Standing by this j
principle, they soon became a strong
power, and have held it ever since. It !
seems to me. and it ought to all who
know anything about this country, that '
tho hand of God led the Boers to th's j
land, censidering that these peoole, being !
purely pastoral ehould settle In a part of ,
the earth where there is the richest de- i
posit of mineral in the world. When we ,
reflect that these rich mines were found ,
at places which were the gi-azing-grounds ,
of the flocks of the Boera. it would seem '
as if the mighty hand of God had direct
ed the Boers to the land they claim ns
their own, and that the Boers are fully
justified in protecting their homes- against
insidious, insincere and ever-grasping na
tions of the world.
In order that we may understand more
about the Boers, we must go back a little
to their early history. I shall briefly
record their history, as space probably
would not permit of a long recital. There
is practically no difference between the
Boers and the Pilgrim Fathers of cur
own country, when we consider the com
parison, but the conditions are different
Both the Boers and the Pilgrims left their
homes to seek freedom and liberty at the
same tlme namely, in the 17th century.
The Dutch and the Huguenot refugees
frQm France departed from Holland to
seek a now home. The Pilgrims landed on
Plymouth rock and cried out: "Oh, God,
jive us here a country without a king, anS
ff. -.-m-sv-; xjnm
lfrrA3
iimiKiifKBBLytSiiigl,mitt' 1 "I HnlitoiM n i ii mjifaiijjimiMHi
a church without a bianop!" The Boers
took up the echo, and their prayer was
F the prayer of the Pilgrim Fathers. Th.a
was the experience of both, though they
were widely separated. The Pilgrims had
the Indians to contend with, and the
Boers the Hottentots. Yet bath peoples
reached a reasonable state of prosperity.
Religious freedom was extended to all.
The little South African settlement coon
became known abroad, and Immigrants
from Holland, Germany and other coun
tries found; homes among the Boers. The
very first trouble that arose was with the
Dutch East India Company, who tried to
enforce a law in which they attempted to
stop expansion or enlargement of the
boundary. They failed entirely, and the
settlers did as they pleased.
It was at this time that history claims,
and no doubt truly, that right here was
a favorable time for the establishment of
an Afrikander nation. All that was need
ed was a leader, but he was not forth
coming. It was'at the tlm that Napoleon
Bonaparte-'s pause resulted so disastrously
for France that he was compelled to cede;
to England France's South African pos
sessions. The settlers believed that Uie.r
hqur of freedom had come, and they hailed
with joy the coming of the Briton. They
believed that the Briton would treat thent
fairly. In this they were mistaken. Brit
ish soldiers occupied Cape Town, and the
Boers soon learned that they had jumped
from the frying-pan into the fire. England
found a friendly people ready to become
British subjects, but by exercising undue
authority she made them desperate, ene
mies of English rule.
Tho result of this form of government
was that the Boers, who had opinions ot
'their own, became bitter enemies of Brit
ish rule. One of the very first causes of
the uprising of the Boers was the slav
ery question. In October, 1815, a Boer
farmer was summoned before a local mag
istrate to answer to a charge of abusing
a native. He refused to attend, and a lieu
tenant and 20 soldiers found the Boer in
a cave and asked, him to surrender. The
farmer refused, and was almost killed.
This news stirred the others to action,
find, being greatly aroussd, they armed
themselves and determined fo expel, the
English tyrants from the country. It "was
a singular failure. The Britons took five
of their leaders and hanged them March
5, 1816. This story is impressed upon the
mind of the Dutch .schoolboy as indelibly
as the Boston Tea Party Is upon the mind
of the American bey.
At this period we find the Boer leaving
Cape Colony because of the ill-treatment
he received at the hands of the Britons.
And here let me say tp those who say so
much regarding the slaves of- South Af
rica that the Boers emancipated all their
slaves in 1S?0. and the British government
promised to compensate them, This prom
ise never materialized, and many Boers
became bankrupt. Not long after the
slaves had been set free they began to
sweep across the country in gr-eat num
bers, spreading destruction everywhere,
and in a few months they Inflicted great
losses upon the Boers. Arson ran wild.
Something like 500 farmhouses were de
stroyed by fire Between 5000 and 6000
horses, about 115,000 cattlo and about 14!),
00Q sheep were stolen. This great loss
footed up to almost $2,000,000. To cap the
climax, after the Boers had pursued the
-robbers and got back their property, the
British government would not allow them
to keep It, but compelled them to yield It
up to the government. After such an out
rage upon these people by a so-called
Christian government, Is it any wonder
that these people were ready to leave?
Beallzlng that they could hop for no
redress from such a government, they
once more bid farewell -to their fruitful
farms and turned their faces to a coun
try of which they knew nothing. With
a firm reliance upon a just and loving
God, whom they always feared, they set
out, and the first trekking party started
tor and settled in the Orange Free State.
This settlement asked, for the protection
of the British, flag. It was granted, but
withdrawn again in 1854. Tbe British flag
ceased to protect these people, and they
were compelled to form a government- o
f their own. They -will yield their lives
first before hauling down their flag.
The second trekkers started from Cape
Colony in 1835, with no idea where their
destination was to be. They were deter
mined to settle eomewhero beyond Brit
ish rule, and many were their fights and
struggles against the savages and their
severe trials of every description. Even
In their new homo they had the Britons
to contend with. In a battle with Cap
tain Smith, commanding the British, they
completely routed him. After the rein
forcement of the British, Pretorlus, tho
leading commandant of the Boers, had to
withdraw. Here again we see England's
grasping hand. Having cleared the coun
try of savages and made Jt habitable,
and then compelled to give it up by those
vwJio ought to have been th,elr friends, is
it, any. wonder that these sturdy farmers
hate tbe English? Disheartened and worn
out, but not discouraged, these noble peo
ple again began their weary tramp to a
desirable country wherein they might set
tle. We now find tho Boer settling in the
Vaal, or Transvaal,, and getting down to
the formation of a government. Mar
thinus Wessel Pretorius was chosen presi
dent of tho republic In 1S64, and Paul
Kruger commandant-general of the army.
About one year after the organization a
savage tribe rebelled, as well as a lawless
European element, against the govern
ment. Owing to lack of ammunition, the
Boers could not subjugate the rebels, and
they were compelled to give up some of
the territory they had occupied. The
Boershad been, free up to this time from,
English Interference, but this disturbance
led to the formation of a court of arbitra
tion, In which the English government fig
ured as its head. The result was that
the savages received the territory from
the hands of the British.
The result to the Boer republic was the
resigpatlon of President Pretorius and
the election of Rev. Thomas F, Burger, a
just man. Believing the republic destined
to become a power in tbe world, he went
to Holland to get teachers and money, In
order that he might bring home to his
people the chances for a good education.
But here again man proposes and God
disposes. On his return he found the sav
age Bapedl tribe murdering and pillaging
his people and country. Burger led his
army against the tribe and captured their
stronghold, but was afterward, defeated.
A treaty of peace was made and the Boer
republic again settled down to a normal
condition, when England's grasping hand
demanded the possession of the country
under a flimsy pretext. Burger- resigned
under protest, and the Transvaal was de
clared an English possession April 12, 1877.
The Boers did not like foreign interference,
and sent a deputation to England to have
the government returned to their own
hands, but England refused to haul her
flag down. In 1S79 Sir Owen Lanyon suc
ceeded, Shepstone as governor of tho
Transvaal. Being a hater of the Boers,
he soon succeeded In arousing their anger.
A rebellion was averted only by Mr. Glad
stone's election as prne minister of Eng
land. He being friendly to the Boers, they
expected from him tneJr Independence.
Upon his refusal to interfere in the af
fairs of the Transvaal, the Boers elected
Paul Kruger, M. W. Pretorius and Peter
J. Joubert a triumvirate to run the gov
ernment. The Boera took a vow to shad
their last drop of blood for their beloved
country, and annually they renew thlc;
vow. The flag of the Boer republic, was
raised, and" a manifesto sent to the Eng
lish governor. Ha cursed the' Boers and
straightway ordered his soldiers to shoot
them. A pitched battle took place, in
which the British were, defeated. Lan
yon ordered the entire garrison of 264 men,
under Colonel Anstruther, to capture Pre-r
loria, but at -Bronkhorst spruit ho was
met by a Boer force, defeated and com
pelled to surrender. Reinforcements were
sent to Lanyon, and under the command
of Sir George Colley 100Q trained and vol
unteer soldiers met the Boer forces, under
General Peter Joubert, in battle at Laing's
Nek, January 28, 1SS1. Colley was defeat
ed, hiB entire command almost cut up.
and he had to retreat. During the night
of RVvhrjinrv oa riprmrnl Pnllflv drvp.rmini'd
to defeat -the Boers, fortified himself on ,
Majuba bill with m Britons, and Ivtfked
A
down one Sunday morning into the camp
or laager of the Boers. So- positive were
the English of success that It is said they
counted how many Boers would be left
to tell the storv of the battle. The Boers
soon discovered the enemy and began a
march to the base of the hill. One hun
dred and fifty Boers climbed the hill. The
British felt rather nervous and hegan
'firing upon the Boers, but the latter dodged
and only one of their number was kl.lsd.
Suffice it to say General Colley was Wlltd
the British were beaten and the terms of
peace were drawn up between Sir Evelyn
Wood and the government of the Boers.
The Boers had gained their Independence.
We have seen throughout this narrative
the, spirit of the English ever grasping,.
never satisnett - Tne present war wan
brought on by the greed for gold. Th
Ultlanders. over whom there seems to be
so much trouble in this present war, went
to the Transvaal for a certain purpose,
and that to make all they can, little car
ing for law or order. Why, I ask, should
the Transvaal give-these people represen
tation, when their only object is to .get
.-!rh in stnv -nrolvthlv four or five veara.
I and theri. leave never to return? In our
f country we forbid the Chinese to become
.naturalized citizens; yet the" United States
is supposed, to be a harbor of refuge for
the oppressed. Will England go to war
witb us, or any other nation? No. And
why? We are strong, powerful; but the
Uttle South African Republic, whcs-2 peo
ple have the same love for home, the i lae
spirit of independence, who love l.berty
and freedom, as much as we, must bo
harassed by a nation which all the world
knows Is nothing more nor less than a
monster in the shape of human form.
Poor Tommy Atkins must give hio l'fe for
a flag that Is a disgrace to every Christian
nation. He who rules the destinies of the.
nations will, even In this hour of peril foe
the republic of the Ttansvaal, stand by
it, and the patriotism that won the Inde
pendence of "this country will also voice
freedom for the Transvaal. The question.
Is, Have the Boers tbe right to govern
themselves as they wish, and to use their
own customs and language In a country
that they themselves have made what it
Is, or shall the English have the right to
Interfere witb the government of thii re
public, the Independence of which they
themselves have acknowledged?
Much more might be said, and I may
taka.up tho subject under a different head
ing. In conclusion, let me define true pa
triotlsm, as s.een and lived by the Boerc-
a genuine, noble spirit, which raised the
life of the naton to the level of Its privi
leges, reduced to actual acts the Idea of
its institutions, deepened knowledge Into
wisdom, and made the love of country per
fect In the love of man. I appeal to my
countrymen of this great United State-
not to forget the spirit in which our fore
fathers fought'. Hav.e we forgotten, amid
the; rush and bustle fcr power, the placa
t wo once held? Must I say with S. L May:
"Genius of America! Sp'.rlt cf our free in
stitutions! Where art thou? How art
thou fallen, O Lucifer, son of the morn
ing, bow art thou fallen from heaven!
Hell from beneath is moved for thee to.
meet thee at thy coming! The kings of
the earth cry out. Aha! Aha! Art thou
become like unto us?"
Truth forevw oa tbe, scaffold.
"Wrong forever oa the tfcrorw):
Tet that ecaffoM sways the futurev
Afcd behind the dim unknown
Standeth Gc4 within, the shadow.
Keeping watch above Bia own.
James Russell Lowell.
REV. P. KRUEGER,
Financial Agent Washington Seminary.
FLED FROM DAWSOU CITY.
Pined for Cojntcmpt of Court BJsr
Fire in. tbe Klondike City.
SEATTLE, Jan. 16. D. W. Semple, a
Dawson editor, who, in December last.
was fined $1000 for contempt of court on
account of an article appearing in his
.paper, and who fled the city on learning
a second warrant on a similar charge
had been issued by the -court,, arrayed
bere today. He eluded the -police by cir
culating' a report that ho had gone in a
westerly direction. He left tonight for
Victoria, B. C, where he will lay tho
matter before the court of appeals and
ask a revision of the territorial court's
proceedings.
At Skagway, on January 10, a dispatch
was roceived from Dawson stating that a
l firo Was In progress, but was under con
trol. The wires -were working badly, and
no particulars could be obtained. Semple
is of the opinion It was on the main
street, where many buildings are with
out chimney protection. Tho weather
when ho left on December 2G was 62 de
grees below and fierce stoye fires were
kept burning continuously.
Mny Change Alaska Cuatom-Honse.
-SEATTLE, Jan. 16. The treasury de
partment is considering the advisability of
removing the' United States custdm-houso
from Mary Island. Alaska, to Ketchikan,
In compliance with recommendations made
last September by Special Agent LJnek,
Such a change. It Is contended, will meet
with tho approval of many if not all of the
steamship companies operating between
Puget sound ports and Alaska.
A transfer of tbe offlee to Ketchikan Is
recommended by the treasury's special
agent upon the ground chiefly of the tit
ter absence of wharf facilities at Mary Isl
and. It is further contended that Ketchi
kan, which has long been a regular port
of call for Alaska vessels, is. more acces
sible. Railroad Open Linemen Lost.
VICTORIA, B. C, Jan. 16. Passengers
from Skagway on the steamer Danube
report the, blockade raised on the White
Pass & Yukon Railway, and traveling
from Dawson very good.
It la feared that F. H. Clayson and Ol
sen, TJcminlon telegraph linemen, have
been murdered on the trail. Tbey left
Dawson on Decemeber 17 with $4000, and
have not been heard of since December
21. when they were at Minto, a wayside
station. Men who left a week later have
arrived here.
Loss Estimated nt 8500,000.
SEATTLE, Wash., Jan. 16. The steamer
Danube, has arrived at Victoria from Skag
way. She brings the ncw3 that a large
part of tbe business portion of Dawson
was wiped out by firo last Wednesday
night. The loss is estimated at over $300,
000. The Skagway operator says, great suf
fering wculd undoubtedly follow the fire,
ac-the temperature at Dawson, was 4(1 deg.
below zer6, with the wind, blowing. The
city is entirely without the regular water
supply.
WHAT
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PARALYSIS. f
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Dr. H. Sanche & Co.
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self one. He says it raved his life. Yours truly, MAKY BLOT.
Send for Free Bocklet and other testimonials. R. C. VANDERFORD. sole dealer In Oregon
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isfied with the Oxydonor after two or three wceJa' trial can return the instrument and money
will be refunded, except the charge of 51 per week for uoa of. same..
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For sale by "Woodard, CSarfce & Co,, Portland, Or.
ON A TURKESTAN STEPPE
SCENES IN RUSSIA'S ASIATIC" -PQS-
." SESSIONS.
PatlMvny Followed by Ancient Ar
mies A General Storo on Wheels
Cottle Industry.
TASHKEND, Russian Turkestan, July
IS. For a few tefles after leaving Samar'
kacd. eaptbound tra-ns pass througn the
high.y cultivated and rich valley of thu
Zaraishan river, with little villages scat
tered among the groves and orchards. I
could see Industrious Sart farmers digging
vat their Irrisailn ditches, boys guarding
tho sheep, and sometimes through an opn
gate in a garaen wan s.gna as. corae&t.c
life and the women themselves would be-
come visible. Next wa entered a country
that would be called a verv fol.fr jr nrairie'
ot home, the hills &ometlmei evn t;ui.e
broken in contour and cf cocsldetaole i
height Here the vegetation was grass,
which reminded me of the buffalo giass
of Southwestern Karxos. Thtn even taij
became exhausted, and wo came Into a
rougher and more barren distr.ct, showing
a good deal of bare rock in the hills, with
dry water-couraes like the atroycti of oar
Western states.
At last,, some 60 miles from Samarkand,
the train turned into a rocky defile which,
offered another of tht historical sight;
which are so iriequ&nt in this region,. The
pass through a law mountain range Is
the pathway followed by more, tban cne.
am-e in i ainV nr rtr in for.trn!
.utin ovo.t t tw ,.-, ,.!, ..
.... T. .
called Djeian-UU pass. At the narrowest
part, where the railway Is hersmed be
tween two cliff waLs, are two. well-preserved
tablets. The inscriptions are cut
In the rock face of the cl.ffs. In Persian
and Arabic text. One commemorates a
decisive and bloody victory gamed by Ab
dullah Khan in tho year 979 In his cam
paign agarcst the Khjchaks, a Jfocgol
tribo from Western Chinese Turkestan.
The other relates the return of Ulug Beg,
grandson of Tam&rlarae, 500 years; later,
fr&m his expedition to the lands of the
' Mongols and the "Djety." The Russians
I aro taktog steps, to preserve from de-
facoment these Interesting memorials.
They are seen plainly from the wlndcwa
of the railway trains, and with the arched
bridge of Sbadman-ilallk form the mest
notable sight along the way.
Tbe only place on the line between Sa
markand and Tashkend that had a rx.ae
before the railway came, is DJlrak, now a
little town that is by no means pretty
even according to the standards of Rur
cian villages. The train reaches it a few
minutes after the pass Is lsft behind.
During the years of Russian occupation of
Turkestan, before Transcaspln and Turko
manla were annexed, when access to these
provinces was by way of Orenburg and the
north, Djlzalc was a posting station on the
road from Tashkend to Samarkand, and
one of my commercial fellow-travelers had
driven over that road many times. But
that is recent history. For hundreds of
years prior to that period the place was,
a post of importance as the gateway to
the pass through which armies marchea,
and so has had Its fame In ancient his
tory. Now It; Is only a dinner station on
the Transcaaplan railway.
Once beyond Djlzak the country along
the line becomes almost a solitude, except
at the stations, these from IS to 20 miles i
apart Th.'s is the southern limit of tne
ateppea which come down from Siberia into
Central Asta, where they -pass sometimes
by an almost imperceptible transition Into
tho desert But just here it is not desert.
The grasses are rich and plentiful, except
In times of prolonged drought, and aaeep,
cattlo, horses and camels thrive on the
pasturage.
. AH over this part of, Asia are found tu
muli which Invite excavation, though ittt
effort has been made to discover what
records of the pa?t they may' concea'. One
pf the most striking of these stands near
tho railway, just to the south of tbe track,
a verst or two trom the station of Obru
chevo. Tbe mound must cover several
acres, and rises to a height of at least ltd
feet. It is symmetrical In form, and ap
parently has not been disturbed since tbe
day it was'left to desolation by whatever
tnbe of Mongols labored fo construct It,
Built fo tbe Future.
Obruchevo Is a type qf the newest of
railway stations in the stepp2, bul t before
the traffic comes that may come some
day, and So ready for any emergency.
Far to the southeastward the mounta n
ranges are in plain view, capped with
porpetual snow, the first I have sesn since
crossing the Caucasus. These are th?
outlying ranges of the Pamirs, ''the rocf
of the world," for I am getting ihto the
shadow of that mighty tableland which
has played such an important part in the
history of Asiatic conquest and pollt C3,
and is to play that part again when Eng
land and Russia begin to fight across
Afghanistan for the wealth of India.
It ia at Chemayevo. 125 miles east of
Samarkand, that the eastern extension of
the railway branches, one stem extending
north to Tashkend, the capital of all
Russian Turkestan, and the other east
to Andijan, capital of the- province of
Ferghana. The lines diverge at an exact
right angle, and trains may be seen for
miles over the absolute level of the
steppe. The Russians have provided for
an Important town at the place they have
named Chernayevo. They have built an
excellent station. Behind the station, or.
rather, in front of It, from, tbe point of
view of the town Itself, are the outlines
of a little park, with raws of Infant trees
and shrubbery that will no doubt help to
make it a beauty spot some day. The
railway sheds, shops and roundhouses are
ample, and I counted more than 20 locomo
tives. The town Is growing rapidly, thanks to
the railway. Dozens Qf houses have been
built or arc now under construction, for
the accommodation of the ra-'lway offlc'a's
and employes. Everything is of masonry,
sometimes brick and sometimes stone, cov
ered with plaster.
Chernayevo 13 the headquarters of an
interesting commercial enterprise. It ia a
general store on wheels. An ordinary box
car has been fitted with sbelves and a
counter and stocked with a supply of
simple dry goods and groceries. The
shelving runs all the way across one side
of the car, the door In the other side b:lng
the only entrance. Step3 make it acces
nible on that side, and customers make
their purchases without difficulty. Tha
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One Oxydonor will serve an entire
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HEART TROUBLE.
Canyon City, Colo.. Jan. 5. 1S0O.
ies, Spermatorrhoea insomnia, Pains
Marry kosa at ir-crSTJ! Rnnnin. VarTeoclo.
iiuecti aro Jrameaate. BiASLa lmpaitTrojr icd potency w
& cats Is at hand. frTMrM R:or-3 u!l. u-i.Wi-tir-H
car Is not carried on the through, trains.
but on local freight and aeeeKixHMfation,
trains, which stop sfieae tfaa at aAtt
station. People hav ample opportunity
to d,o their marketing, and I am to a that
the-istore io proving an exceedingly profit
able venture, besides being cf great ssrvlce
to railway gangs along tb lin whtra
I ther& is no other pla.ee ot any sort for thai
purchase of necessities.
I saw the first Mongols at Chtrnayevo.
Of course, the inhabitaiis f these seppe
f regions are all Mongols, aa are many of
the pople of the othar prt3 of Central
ASfa'l have visited, bst ibey have laade
themselves into a new race by their naw
environment and conditions of ilf?, ao that
they are no longer lilte those hordes tnac
overran, tea Western worid trader Chingh.3
Khan and his successors. Th-s Mongols of
CbemayevQ have drUted ther? by the routa
of the railway since It was extended east
to. Andljan. They com from the eastern
provinces of Chinese Turkestan, and re
' toot their native jaongouan
dress and
m?iT'TftrT TTif vntrn.t tvfetwMB Iftem ana
their relatives who came "Jfle years ago fc
a striking one.
f -From the junetten to Tashksnd .'a 95
miles; and for soma 75 miles of that dis-
r tance there is not an Inhabitant alonjj
the lira except tbe station agsn'a and
the trackmen. Tkr are but few sta-
tions on the way and at nope of tbem is
there any 3 gn ef a vklage except the Jew
bouses used by the eesk.ove& ef th rcaJ.
There Is one stretch of track that extends
without a curv for 3S miles, and then
after a sHght bend It reaehes away for
nearly 20 miles more without another
curve. It is the o$en stepoe. Ralway
buildlnc In such a ceunwy U as ilmpla
as it Is on tae Nebraska prairirs. Tbe
gangs need sly to d.g a Utile drainage
ditch on either side o the line, teap tha
f earth. btwen tfce two- and lay tee track
ii-ifTfce embankment on which the rails lie
M. W....&1.. vt-A lCYft tWA AV flhAUA
la raraly mor tban two feet
above, tha
general level of th stepje.
Coming; Cattle Com try.
Witb tbe dsvel.-vniat of us wa great
West as a hlstotieal parage. I am con
vinced itl soraje tay. perhaps not fax in.
the- future, this w.U fce a e oa to be
I reckoned with m tbe cuttle marKets of the
world. Tfco plates seem bousdlesB, tbe
grass is plentiful axd rich, tbe cllsaate is
'favorable. 1h:re may Ice- j.olm .o so-va
In regard to gttig tJe product to lEuro
peen markets. bt beyond doubt tb catt-8
can be produced.
The station of CoIony Steppe, warb
would be irajsslated HuEgry Prairie and
sounds almost Amerean, Is the place
which marks tbe flrt eCort to make some
thing out of this Eegion other tban a mii-
t tary utpest It Is tha station on me
enorsaous estate cf the Grand Iuke Niche
as, covsln of the-' late eaaneww, wfeo la
beginning a great Irrigation, enterprise,
hoping "to so utl'tee tW wats at Ika
Sir Darki, the Jaxatt of tho ancients.
that a model rlantattow Kay W created.
The works are now under way, but ar3
not yet suffle'e'itly advance to give a
good :dea of wnat tho result will be.
By the time we bad re: bed tb part
of tbe lir.e nlsht wa fallss and tbe rst
of the run to Tashkend was m&de In dark
ness. The ngbt vra clear, hawever, anl
the moon and star3 brlUKm. so tbat In
the rare and pure- atoosphsre f tbe
strppes it was poMjbte- to study J char
acter! :lc features of tbe landscape with
out difficulty. There are tutn'ul:' aon?
th s part of tbe line, lookhigr particularly
Impressive by night against fe 'horizon
after the long ride over an. a'asohitsiy un
broken stere. I have not been able to
learn whether they were ecce Mongo1
burial mounds, fortifications or bttended
for sctr.e unknown puypcae.
The Kir Darkt te the second great river
of Central Asa. A few weeks- as a new
Iron brldre was opened for the railway
wtfb pte.enticu ccrtmocte5, which
browght mest of the officials ef the jwov
'.nce to share tbe glory. Tbe river is b
no means as wide as the Oxua a Amiv
Darla station, but it is a big stream and
has its awn Httla fiotllla for mU'ary
purposes. I judge tbe bridge to be m
thing leas tStan ose-fourtb of a mi'e 'n
length. The wootfcn bridge wblcb acrvM
before' Iti compietlo Ikw been abandoned,
but the structure is stilt standing a f w
hundred yards below tbe new one. Thli
river crossing is 50 miles from Taanker.d.
We passed over the bridge about a o'clock
and at midn'gbt descended a tie new
railway s-iation. In th city of Tfckand.
TRUMBULL. WHITE.
NO PAIN! NO GAS!
A FULL SET, $5.00
Set of Teetb ?5.0O
Gold Fminsr , 91-00
Gold Crown ,...,.... ..$3.00
Silver FlllinET SO
rii JM3 rep Of teeta te a Jeatura
r A I 111 lS of our work In tho
I rtI!llI.Jv7 teBda ot a specialist
EXTRACTIONS ESS
moralnff until night every day m tbe year at
this or.e branch, simply becauw hte fame in
th a line bas gone abroad tu such an extent tnat
people from far and nar crowd the oiHce to
have their teeth extracted at the only placo
where It Is done absolutely without pain.
His reputation, comes Xrosa. years of successful
practice. . . . . .
None are so successful ae those that are best
prepared and who devote their ontlr Uje to a
given work; henc the succeaJ c the w-knwn
and Justly world-rer-awned New York. Dentlste.
iMO PLATES
Kyy
BRIDGES
Of gold which takat
the place pf plates aio
handled la our offlca
by specialists who have had y&aro of spertne
la all prominent cities; antj who are without
equals anywhere in the world. These nven nuus
the most beautiful work known In this line ot
work, rot only beautiful, but natural, durable,
anl moreover, meet comfortable t woar.
Pleased and rrateful peepks are loud in tfce'r
pralse of their work aud every day flnda new
-patients in our parlors, rent tlwv by former
patient?, who feel that tney awe it a duty to
tr-elr frienrU to sand them to. the very be-t
place to have their work Kne where they -will
receive tbe beet work and most courteous treat
inert. All wirk Irwured for 10 years with a Btotect
Ive guarantee.
New York Dentists
N E. Cor. Fourth ani Jhrrs3i Sto:!s
Lady always In attendance.
Hours. 5 to 8. Sundays. 10 to L
fHTAgfr
kJfa
15lK, 1 j t t ijv
. DR. SIMM'S SPECIFIC
FOR WHOOPING COUGH
A cerJaln rcHef and cure.
SO cents at nil druggists.
Woodard, Clarke & Co., Chm:sts
.Agents, Portland, Or.