titr MOTOTCNG- OKEGONIAN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 18, 1900.
Site (Steggomott
'Entered at the FestoSBce at Portland, Oregon, as
second-class matter.
TXEPHONK3.
Editorial Booms 1GSJ Business Office GST
REVISED SCBSCRrPTTOif BATES.
By Mail (postage prepaid). In Advance
DeSiy, with Sunday, per month ..fg S3
Dally. Sunday excepted, per ear T SO
Dally, with Sunday, per year 9 OS
Sunday, per year .. 2 09
The Weekly, per year..... 1 "
The Weekly, 8 months .. 50
To City Subscribers
Dally, per week, deliiered, Sundays exetjied.l3o
Dally, pe- week, delivered, Sundays included.20e
Xexs or discussion Intended for publication In
nfc Oregonlan should be- addressed invariably
"Edkor The Oregonlan." not to trja name of
any individual, letters relating to advertising,
aibacriptians or to -any business matter should
be addressed simply "The Oregonlan."
The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories
from individuals, and cannot undertake to re
turn any manuscripts sent to It without solldta
tioa. To stamps ehonld be- inclosed for this pur
pose. Paget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson,
aSce at fm Pacific avenue, Taeoma. Box S55.
Tacoma postofllce.
Eastern Business Office The Tribune building.
2Jsr York city; "The Rookery," Chicago? the
& C Beck with speelal agency. .New Tork.
For sale in San TranclEco by X. K. Cooper. 716
liarkefc street, near the Palace hotel, and at
Goldsmith Bros,, 238 Sutter street.
Fez sale in Chicago by the P. O. News Co.,
217 Dearborn street.
TODAY'S WEATHER. Hate; fresh to brisk
3utherir winds.
PORTLA2TO, TUESDAY, JAXTJART 10.
RULE OR QUIT.
Senator Hoar, of Massachusetts, is
soon to deliver in the senate a "set"
speech on the Philippine islands. It
will be highly rhetoricalr it Trill contain
much praise of freedom and much de
nunciation of oppressiqn as if anybody
proposed to stifle freedom and estab
lish oppression in the Philippines. It
"will proceed on the assumption that
Aguinaldo ana his fellow Tagals can.
establish a better liberty, a better gov
ernment and a better civilization than
the United States can; and yet it will
propose that "we keep our army and
navy there to stand guard over these
superior beings, so they may not fall to
rapine and murder, or commit outrages
that will bring: other nations down
upon them.
As the chief spokesman of the
"antis," Senator Hoar has several times
outlined the policy he and they would
pursue. "We may take this outline,
therefore, as authoritative. The great
speech that he has in his incubator will
add nothing but rhetorical flourishes to
what he has already delivered. He has
said that he would, send Admiral
Dewey, General "Wood or General Miles
to Luzon, with instructions to gather
"'the best men of the Filipinos around
him"; that he would have a local gov- 1
-eminent established under his direc
tion; that he would lend the aid of the
army of the United States only to keep
order; that he would make a treaty en
gaging to protect Filipinos against
the interference of other nations if
needful, make them a loan of a mod
erate sum to establish their treasury,
and then by degrees withdraw the su
pervision and authority of the United
States.
This may be taken as the "anti" pro
gramme. It -will be pressed by Senator
Hoar with his customary fervor; but
we think there will be no other sena
tor of real ability to support it. It is
a policy to which the country cannot
afford to commit itself. The United
Slates must require submission to Its
authority on the part of those for whom
it is responsible. It can consent to no
division of its sovereignty. We can re
main In the islands, or we can quit
them. But this nation cannot go into
any partnership of sovereignty with
the Tagals. Fox whom is the army,
under Senator Hoar's plan, to be used?
Plainly, lor Aguinaldo, and against
those who may dispute his authority.
"We are to guard Aguinaldo's "republic"
against the natives who may be dis
satisfied with it, and to protect it
against the intrusion or attack of other
powers. It is preposterous. We will
not use our army and-navy and spend
our money and our blood for such pur
poses. We will stay in the islands and
govern them, or quit the islands and
leave the various tribes to "have it out"
among themselves.
That is to say, the United States win
pursue a simple policy, the simplest
possible, toward the Philippine islands.
It will rule, or quit
But we shall -not quit, for we cannot.
Yet, of course, when order shall be re
stored and the sovereignty of the
United States shall no longer be dis
puted, local self-government will be
.granted, say .rather Invited, to the full
extent compatible with peaco and or
der, with justice and regulated Hberty,
and with the interests and welfare of
all concerned.
THE PROPOSE! IKTHjSTRIAI SCTTOOL
The question of the establishment of
an Industrial school is one of the most
important that has been presented to
this community for years. To the ex
tent that prevention is, both from eco
nomic and humane considerations, bet
ter than remedy In dealing with the
question "What shall we do with our
boys and girls?" the industrial school
is of far greater importance than the
reform school. It Is always possible to
form in children habits of industry; it
is-not always possible to reform habits
of idleness and idee after these have
been thoroughly established. In the
one case they have only to learn; in the
other they must first unlearn a doubt
ful task and always a difficult and
doubly expensive one.
Hand training along lines of intelli
gence and skill is -more absolutely nec
essary to the youth of this country now
than ever before. Labor must keep
pace with invention. The day of the
jack-leg carpenter, the wood butcher,
who "took -up his trade," is past. Mod
em architecture demands skilled labor
in the working cut of its plans, and
the same is true la all other mechan
ical lines. Work has become a science,
and, except in its most primitive sense,
it can only be performed profitably and
satisfactorily to all concerned by per
sons who know how to adapt modern
materials to modern ideas.
This is as true in the domestic realm
as in the not -wider or more important
realm of mechanics. The difficulty ex
perienced in procuring competent
housekeepers, cooks and workers of all
grades in domestic life sufficiently at
tests the truth of this statement. The
root of the trouble no doubt lies in the
fact that modern homes demand mod
ern housekeeping, and the workers of
fering in the domestic realm have not
been trained for the duties required.
There has been development in cookery
CelBQ modem hygiene is a myth), with
which the domestic working element
has not kept pace. And so all along the
line of domestic- service. It is clear,
therefore, that girls as well as boys
need instruction in the lines of labor
which they expect to follow whleh
they must follow if they would perform
their part as self-respecting, self-sustaining
members of the body politic,
and that a training school which limits
Its benefits to boys alone will perform
but half its mission in the community.
The old theory that a woman, simply
beeause she was a woman, is therefore
an adept in housekeeping has been
thoroughly exploded in practical life.
Reasonable people are coming to the
knowledge that housekeepers, in a gen
eral sense, are made, not born, and that
unless they are made we do not have
them, except in the most superficial,
blundering sense. No one thought of
blaming the soldier boys who literally
"made a mess of it" when suddenly in
stalled as company cooks; or marveled
that they did not know "that heaps' re
quired more boiling thanpotatdes or
coffee. It was simply and justly said
that the boys had never been taught "to
cook, consequently did sot know how.
The same Is true in a lesser but still a
large degree in the case of a majority
of girls who go out to domestic service,
and it will continue to be. true until
there are some means whereby domes
tic science becomes S,part of. the edu
cation of girls.
Not that in making provision for girls
when an industrial school is estab
lished here, their opportunities should
be strictly confined to instruction in
this science. The widening field of
woman's endeavor forbids this. The
whole subjeot may be comprehensively
stated In the proposition: Give the
boys and girls an opportunity equal but
not necessarily along the same lines, to
fit themselves to discharge their duties
in life as capable and responsible work
ingmen and working-women. A train
ing school established upon this basis,
competently conducted and carefully
supervised, cannot fail to advance the
standard of labor and of wages In the
community of which it Is a part, and to
give a new significance to the stock
declaration that "Labor, all labor, is
noble."
A DUTY "WELL APPREHENDED.
By his address on educatlonar prob
lems of the hpur, and more especially
by its Incidental application to local
problems. President Strong steps at
once into the first rank of' those
upon whom rests the destiny of
Ultimate Oregon. He is not the
first, and it is to be hoped not the
last, man of insight and scholarship
whose entrance here upon an unknown
field has Incited observation and reflec
tion denied to those to the manner
born, or thoi,e -whose early arrival ex
cludes the philosophical point of view.
He has identified himself with this
community in a remarkable way, and
after reading his address the natural
impulse is to make a personal applica
tion of its argument. The full meas
ure of achievement Oregon's future
should realize can only be obtained
through men with that breadth of view
and equipment of scholarship President
Strong has so forcibly depicted. Twen
tieth century campaigns, if they are
won, must be planned and executed by
men who know history and science.
Without these "we shall be at the mercy
of rocks and .shoals on which other
enterprises have made shipwreck. This
address should be read and pondered
by every man in Oregon who pretends
to patriotism and intelligence.
The finest thought President Strong
brings us is that higher education is
the "anti-toxin" for socialism. This
will be startling enough to any who
have considered the question only in its
apparent phases, for it is with the ex
ponents of our higher education that
we come across the evidences of so
cialism's great strength. These are of
two classes Its advocates, and believ
ers in Individualism who are dismayed
at the socialistic tendencies of the time.
Some teach socialism, others deprecate
it; but nearly all agree in viewing its
spread as irresistible. Ground of such
conclusions is, unfortunately, ample.
We look at Continental Europe as the
hotbed of paternalistic theory and
practice of government; but we need
only to 'look at the extensive national
isation and municipalization of Indus
trial functions in Great Britain to see
that the tendency Is confined to no race
or clime. In this country we have
among the educated the tenets of so
cialism In its different forms and
among the unlearned the idea that gov
ernment, owes every man happiness and
an income. Among the rich vfe see the
trust movement, where individual re
sponsibility gives place to a form of
laey communism, and among the poor
the demand for pensions, charities and
free public utilities of every conceiva
ble form, seems to be on the Increase.
What -can overthrow these alarming
tendencies? The answer is, as Presi
dent Strong Intimates, sterling man
hood enlightened in the learning his
tory affords of the experience of man,
and science affords of his constitution
and powers. This is a condition that
can be created only by education of the
highest type. It is not only that gram
mar grades and academies stop short
of the necessary information. The
main thing is that the individual him
self is unfitted to understand life till
he has reached maturity. There are
exceptional geniuses, but for the mass
of men history is a closed book till they
are- SO, and philosophy Is at ao time
more than mistrusted, and the laws of
life in individual and nation never even
dreamed of. These things are neces
sary to comprehension of society. They
must be correctly understood by the
men who form the minds of 6ncoming
generations, unless the whole frame
work of society is to perish through
blind guides or perfidious leaders.
For many men there" Is a stage in
education where more culture is bane
ful. It unfits them for the only labor
they are competent to do. Theirs Is
a worse estate than "the man with the
hoe," for they are not only without a
hoe, but without even the stomach for
hard work. But there is another class
of men to whom at that same stage of
education lack of further . culture is
death. It is the half-educated states- i
men, preachers and teachers of the
time that are, leading us astray. In
stead of rebuking the errors of enfee
bled individuality, they encourage it
with Imperfect knowledge and ill-digested
facts. A little learning is in
deed a dangerous thing a saying
whose truth: was never better. 'attested
than in the present life-and-death
struggle with socialism.
The remedy for decline in ambition
and initiative is provided, but It must
be seized and applied. The master
minds in medern .Investigation have
made it plain when they point; out the j
danger. Forewarned is forearmed. In
Mr. Herbert Spencer's latest book ha
looks at the socialistic tendency riotous
on every hand and he is inclined to
give It up in despair. He forgets the
work he and his co-laborers are doing
in the field of discovery. He ignores
the infljience that must beielt through
out all " civilization from the rugged
philosophy inculcated by Darwinian
research and Spencerian thought.
There Is a latent force in humanity
that is only awaiting enlightenment
and arousal to double on its tracks
away from dependence back to self
support That a man like President
Strong sees this and buckles on Jiis
harness for the task, is in itself an
earnest of success in the field where his
lot has been cast. No community could
be rendered a more signal service.
OTJR MILITARY FUTURE.
It Is fortunate that the impending
discussion of, armyV-ef orm by congress
wttt takfe place at a time when the
"memory' of our lucky escape from mili
tary humiliation when we attacked a
moribund nation is fresh with the peo
ple, and when we see the pride of Great
Britain brought low through an obso
lete military system, because through
these tremendous object-lessons of the
consequences of utter unpreparedness
for serious .war we may be persuaded
to enact some of the admirable recom
mendations of the secretary of war,
whieh will inspire this most important
debate of the future. Mr. Hoot's rec
ommendations are sound; they are re
alized in Continental Europe, but they
are an impracticable ideal in America.
They set forth briefly exactly how
Moltke created the Prussian army that
won Sadowa in 1866; that prepared the
German army for war with France by
fairly organizing victory before Grave
lotte was won, or h& surrender at Se
dan accomplished. Emperor William,
"Von Boon, Bismarck and Moltke, who
organized victory and made It march
at the charging step in 1S66 and 1870,
are all in their graves, but that vast
military machine they devised still ex
ists, and is as formidable and efficient
today as when Paris fell. Every year
this vast German military machine exe
cutes great marches in its maneuvers
under circumstances of severe hard
ship. Last year some of the German
regiments marched for five days run
ning thirty-five miles a day, from 2 A.
M. until 8 P. M., through burning sun
shine and incessant rain. The usual
distance in the German army for a
mixed column is from fourteen to
twenty miles daily, with a whole day's
rest every fourth day, but during
forced-marches they must cover forty
miles 'in tweny-eight hours, Including
five hours' rest, the infantry soldier
carrying a load of sixty pounds, includ
ing rifle and ammunition.
Now, such a military machine as
Moltke created and Germany continues
to maintain is out of the question in
the United States or in Great Britain,
for it Is utterly foreign to the tradi
tions of the people to sustain In prime
working condition a large standing
army, nor is it necessary for the United
States to sustain a regular army of
more than 100,000 men, allowing for the
necessity of keeping a force of 30,000
men in the Philippines for ten years
to come. But because a large standing
army is not necessary nor desirable is
no good reason why we do not need to
put our vcountry Jn that state of ex
cellent defense in peace which Is timely
preparation for war. Never again in
the historyof this country should any
war of appreciable consequence find
our regulars alone armed with modern
rifles and ammunition, while congress
refuses to provide improved rifles for
the organized militia, the National
Guard or the volunteers. In the Span
ish war all the real fighting was done
by the regulars, while our volunteer
army of 200,000 men was armed with
rifles using black powder, which was
as obsolete at that time as a flintlock
musket was during the civil var. Sup
pose there had been 20,000 Spanish
mounted riflemen, armed with Mau
sers, and supported by ample modern
field artillery, behind the defenses of
Santiago; does anybody suppose our in
fantry could have successfully stormed
San Juan Hill and Ei Caney? Ill-pru-pared
as were the Spaniards, we found
Santiago a very hard nut to crack. Had
the 100,000 Spanish soldiers in Cuba
been as splendidly armed as the Boers
and as completely isolated' from naval
attack and blockade, we could not have
conquered Cuba and Puerto Rico with
less than 250,000 men armed with the
best modern rifles and cannon. The
military and naval decrepitude of the
Spaniards made Cuba an easy mark,
but had it been our fate to quarrel with
a nation with a long purse and strong
sword, what a wretched figure we
would have made with only 25,000 reg
ulars armed with modern rifles and
200,000 volunteers armed with obsolete
guns. Of course, we would have had
"a lodge of sorrow" for a number of
months, until we were able to arm our
soldiers with modern rifles.
To illustrate our situation, let us sup
pose that the United States owned
Cape Colony and Natal, and were at
war with the South African republics
today. We are a people 73,000,000 strong;
we are a warlike and a wealthy peo
ple, and yet with all our resources of
men and money, we should find the
Boers a very hard nut to crack. We
should perhaps crack the Boer nut
more quickly than the British, because
we are more practical. We should not
send 50,000 infantry against an army of
30,000 mounted riflemen, and yet, if we
had gone to war with the Boers in Oc
tober last and had not been crippled
by our Philippine complications, we
could notunder our military Gystem
as it existed before the Spanish war
have sent 50,000 mounted men, armed
with modern rifles, against the Boers.
We had the horses, we had the men,
but we did not have the modern rifles,
nor the modern cannon. It is easy to
laugh at Great Britain, with nearly
40,000,000, stalled by the Boers, but the
Boers In April, 1898, w ith our utter lack
of military preparation, could quite as
successfully have defied the 72,000,000
of the United States. The only army
reform possible for us is to make our
regular army and our organized state
militia identical in arms, drill, tactics
and equipment; to keep ample supplies
of modern war material on hand; build
and maintain a great navy; build and
maintain the most complete system of
seacoast defenses, and garrison those
defenses thoroughly. Congress will
spend money for a large navy and am
ple seacoast defenses when it will not
maintain a decent standing army. The
magazine rifle and the quick-firing
modern cannon, in the hands of a war
like people, who maintain a powerful
navy and powerful seacoast fortifica
tions, would make qur country practi
cally impregnable, "but we must have
the powerful navy, the seacoast de
fenses and1 the up-to-date rifles and
field artillery.
Ex-Governor Hoard, of Wisconsin, is
one of the greatest dairymen in the
country, and his testimony regarding
the cheese exports of the United States
is entitled, to respectful consideration,
and ltcannot oe read without a sense
of mortification. It Is. that we have
destroyed a large trade In cheese by
exporting a. fraudulent cheese filled
cheese, It is called. Efforts are now be
ing made to stop the filled cheese in
dustry, but the trade has been lost;
Canada was quick to see her opportu
nity, and she has the trade. We have
done much the same thing with oleo
margarine? Butter made from one part
of the animal is not necessarily more
unwholesome than butter made from
another part Oleomargarine Is a le
gitimate article of commerce. But there
Is a commercial fraud in- selling oleo
margarine as dairy butter, and thiB has
been done tllf jur -butter has come' un
der serious suspicion in foreign markets
and our trade has been injured. The
efforts oi the department of agriculture,
supplemented by a portion of the trade,
is overcoming this, and our butter
ought to recover its reputation, but a
great deal of damage has been done by
the dishonesty of a few persons. The
condition in which our cotton Is mar
keted has been, too often a discredit to
American farmers. Our own woolen
manufacturers have complained for
some time that domestic wool was? be
coming dirtier and dirtier, the sheep
owners apparently cherishing tho delu
sion that the price of wool can be got
for grease and sand;,and when Europe
comes to this continent for hay there
Is a decided preference for Canadian
hay, because it is so much cleaner than
the American. The New York Jour
nal of Commerce tartly suggests that if
the American farmer is to be acquitted
of cunning he will have to be convicted
of shiftlessness in the preparation of
his products for market.
The public land situation in Alaska
is of peculiar anomaly and distress.
Under the act of May 14, 1898, home
steads may be taken and held by the
person making the actual settlement
and the Improvements, but the land
cannot be entered and patented until
public surveys are made. As was
pointed out by the secretary of the in
terior in his report to congress last
month, there are no surveyed lands,
nor has any system of surveying been
provided, and "It Is next to impossible
for a poor settler to acquire a home
stead." Persons who have lived in
Alaska for over, thirty years are unable
to secure title to the lands they occupy.
Even If they have their lands surveyed,
there is no assurance that the govern
ment will accept the surveys. Even
the miners who are at Cape Nome can
not acquire legal title to their mines.
The gold is found In the beach sands
between the lines of low ' and high
water, on land which the government
Is holding in trust for any states which
may in the future be carved out of the
district of Alaska.
The Pennsylvania Audubon Society
at its recent annual meeting in Phila
delphia was obliged to admit that its
efforts, to persuade women not to wear
feathers upon their hats had, been un
successful. While disappointed, the so
ciety wili not abandon lis work. It gives
up, sorrowfully, however, the pres
ent generation of those who decorate
their headgear with the plumage, heads
and bodies of birds, as beyond recla
mation. What it now proposes to do
is to inspire a love for birds in the
minds of those young people who have
not yet reached the time of life when
they buy hats of their own choosing.
This may he the only effective plan, but
the delay ivolved will be the death
knell to several species of birds of bril
liant plumage, specimens of which are
even now exmrdlngly rare.
The good record made by a Salem
Grand Army post In declaring against
the scheme of pensions for deserters is
matched by the action of Joe Hooker
pos't, of Chehalis, whieh took the same
position by a unanimous rising vote.
Such expressions of moral sense, if
they could become general, would go
far toward removing from the Grand
Army of the republic as an organiza
tion the odium of supporting all elaims
for pensions, regardless of merit.
There are statesmen who ought to
get together and compare notes. The
Kansa City Star says:
Mr. Bryan's opinion that the ESIHplnos are too
savage to become citizens jf tho United States,
should relieve the distress of Senator Hoar be
cause of the determination of this country to
overturn a. gen-He civilisation in the Asiatic
archipelago. On tfta other hand, Senator Hoar's
conception of the culture and refinement of the
Filipinos ought to ameliorate the misgivings of
Mr. Bryan-, who a danger in assimilating
the barbarous population in Luzon and its
neigberine islands.
In military evolution defense has evi
dently outrun attack. The Boers hold
their own against British onset, but
the beleaguered garrisons seem equally
safe, and as soon as Me,thuen and Gat
acre In the west and Buller in the east
,have'tlme to Intrench, they are immov
able. The burden is on the Inventors
to perfect more efficient field pieces and
deadlier explosives with which to re
duce defenses.
Tammany's ostentatious advance
surrender to Bryan is a striking evi
dence of the failure of opposition to
him. Heretofore "he has had to make
his speech to break up the adverse
combination. Now they confess judg
ment as soon as his- face Is turned their
way.
The Transvaal Mines.
John Hays Hammond, the well-known
mining engineer and mineowner, "In the
January number of the Engineering Mag
azine, expresses the opinion that no ma
terial damage will be done to the Rand
mines by, the Boers during the war,
though unfortunately this cannot be
guaranteed. He thinks that destruction
of equipment will not receive official sanc
tion. Ownership in the mines is mainly
Continental, and the British conceit in
them 1b a minority Interest, though the
generally received opinion is contrary to
that statement. The majority of the snares
are held In France, Germany and other
European countries. These Interests being
those of neutrals, the Boer government
will naturally ba deterred from sanction
ing or ordering destruaton of equipment.
The recklessness and lawlessness of some
of tho lower elements of the community
may work injury to the property, but
wholesale destruction he does not antici
pate. This would seem to be logical, for
the Boers will not wish at the conclu
sion of the war to be called to account
by strong European powers for acts of
vandalism. Indeed, It would seem that
hey would rather set to work themselves
In the mines to supply their need for
money. If so, they will naturally select
the richest mine3 and those best equipped,
and hence tho more valuable properties
are likely to receive their direct protec
tion. SENATOR, BEVBRIDGE'S SPEECH.
"It Has Contributed to a. Clearer Un
derstanding? of a Great Case."
One of the best articles on Senator Bev-
erldge's speech that we have seen Is an
editorial in the Brooklyn Eagle,- a great,
well-known and able democratic, but not
a Bryan, journal. The Eagle says that
Beverldge so strongly supported his reso
lution that tho Philippine Islands belong
to this country, and that It Is the Inten
tion to keep them, that there Is little doubt
about its passage. Then the Eagle pro
cjfeds to say:
The Philippines have been called an empire.
They belong- to this country. The title to them
was vested in the United States by Spain,
which owned them until title passed. There
was disorder in the archipelago before it was
added to the possessions of .the United States
and there Is some disorder there now. The
disorderly are being disposed of. Because there
were certain obstacles to overcome at the outset
It was suggested that the United States wash
their hands of the whole affair, retreat from the
far East and leave the lsrands to their fate.
That suggestion was supplemented by vapor
lngs about island patriotism and inalienable
righta. The patriotism has been purchased and
is etlll of the purchasable pattern, and the righta
have raver been respected. One result of the
change of title will be respect for rights.
Of that portion of Beverlflge's speech in
which was discussed the capacity, or In
capacity, of the Filipinos for national In
dependence, and self-government, the
Eagle says:
It was completely satisfying. It shattered the
Atkinson case into fragments. "In the entire
archipelago," said Bcverlage. "it la barely pos
sible that 10CO men are capable of government
In the Anglo-Saxon sense." His own belief, he
added, was that 10O Filipinos comprehended
what self-government meant. And this belief
is based on personal observittlona from San Fer
nando, in Luzon-, to the interior of Sum. The
Atkinson proposition is that we ehaJI permit
the Filipinos to govern themselves. The answer
to the proposition is that they do not know
What self-government men; It WiU scarcely
be disputed that the senator was right in ear
ing that they have not yet mastered the al
phabet of freedom; that savage blood, Oriental
bicod and Spanish example are not the ele
ments of self-government. Unrestrained they
are the elements- of discord. . . . There are
excellent reasons why we should keep the "em
pire." There may be excellent reasons for
transferrmg our title, but they are difficult of
discovery. Indeed, none worthy of serious de
bate ha,"e bean presented. As a matter of fact,
there is no phase of the problem, tlncludinE that
of the Idealist, which does not prompt reten
tion. For nothing worse could happen than so
called freedom for the Fillptocrt It would
mean freedom for some Malaya to do just what
they pleased with other Malays. Or, it would
mean freedom for some more resolute nation
to go into the China eea and eet up a, branch
empire, with liberty to discriminate against
American manufacturers and corresponding: lib
erty to favor Its own producers. Fortunately,
there is not the least danger that anything of.
the sort will come to pass. Virtually, all the
kejs to the commerce of the Pacifle are in
American hands. The door is to remain open.
That presses the button and American energy
and enterprise will do the rest The rest will
be done all the more effectively because we own
the archipelago. Among the statements made
in the senate yesterday was one to the effect
that in the time of men now living, Manila
as a port of call and exchange would surpass
tiverpool. It may. Not in the time of men-'
now living will it pass out pf American hands
it will be "relinquished whetii about everything
else worth 'keeping "has slipped through Amer
ican fingers. And Beveridge has contributed to
a dearer understanding of a great case.
1 ' o P '
Haw a Boer Si ens Bis Name.
Ijondon Mail.
"When the average Boer has to attach
his name to a document an air of Im
portance pervade? his dwelling for sev
eral hours. The children are constantly
chlded,- the patient "vnrouw" has a pre
occupied look, and the husband himself
puffs even more vigorously than usual at
his pipe.
Eventually a corner of the table Is
cleared and carefully wiped. The family
Blbfe is placed in position, and the sheet
of paper requiring tho signature placed
upon It.' An expectant silence falls upon
the company.
"Stilte!" cries the wife. "Stilte, kin
detjes, papa gaat sein naam teken,"
("Hush, children, father is about to sign
his name.")
The family stands round open-mouthed,
and all eyes gaze expectantly upon the
paper. With arms bared for the fray,
and with pen carefully poised, the Boer
bends to his task. The pen is gripped
firmly between his horny fingers.
In thick, ungainly scratches, and with
slow and painful motion, the pen begins
to work, and at the end of it, It may bo
four minutes, the deed is accomplished.
Points of Difference.
Boston Journal.
The New York Evening Post, .with char
acteristic assurance, asks:
If there is soon to be a campaign of sym
pathy with the Transvaal, how can we distin
guish between our own war against tho Fil
ipinos and, that of Great Britain against the
Boers? "What is the distinguishing excellence of
our attitude toward a people fighting- for lib
erty In a distant island as contrasted with that
of Great Britain In South Africa?
As to thp Boers, they have not governed
the Transvaal to the satisfaction of the
mine speculators of the Hand, nor even In
accordance with the most enlightened
Anglo-Saxon-Ideas, but they have governed
it. Their Intelligence, their patriotism,
their love of liberty, their ability to man
age their own affairs, no one disputes.
When a paper of the reputation of the
Evening Post professes ltsetr Incapable of
perceiving any difference between such
people as those who have defeated Eng
land's picked troops and most brilliant
generals. In their struggle for liberty, ant
the wily, treacherous and half-dviUzed
Tagalos, it simply proclaims Its own Insin
cerity. I a 9 '
From Senator Beverldse's Speech.
"We smiled at Intolerable Insult and
Insolence until tho Ilps of every native
In Manila were curling In ridicule for the
cowardly Americans. We refrained from
all violence until their armed bravos
crossed the lines In violation of agree
ment. Then our sentry shot the offender,
and he should have been court-martialed
had he failed to shoot. That shot was
the most fortunate of the war, for Agu n
aldo had planned the attack upon us for
two nights later; our sentry's shot
brought this attack prematurely on. He
had arranged for an uprising In Manila
to massacre all Americans, the plans for
which, In Sandlco's handwriting, are In
our possession; this shot made that awful
scheme Impossible."
"Washed the Soldier's Face Seven
Times in One Hour.
London Letter.
A story Is told of a very handsome
wounded young British officer brought to
tho hospital in the Transvaal, who, on
account of his unusual good looks, was
very carefully tended by the nurses. One
of these, coming to him, said: "Do let
me wash your face for you."
"Well, If you like," he replied lan
guidly, "but It's the seventh time within
an hour."
Strange JUIsnse of "Words.
Kansas City Journal.
Senator Hoar say3 It has been estab
lished beyond reasonable doubt that
"Aguinaldo Is an honest, patriotic and
brave man." All of which Is true except
that the evidence all goes to show that
Aguinaldo Is not honest, not patriotic
and not brave.
THE OREGOXIAN'S ANNUAL.
A Wonderful Country.
Terre Haute Express.
The holiday number of The Oregonlan,
Portland, which has 24 pages, of pictures,
is a very comprehensive exhibit of a
wonderful state and city. We cannot
think of any other region which can
present so much of Interest In natural
scenery, commerce, agriculture and archi
tecture as Is presented by these pictures.
There are the harbor In front and glo
rious Mount Hood towering above all, the
splendid buildings of thl3 newest of great
cities and the ships which carry Ore
gon's wheat, flour and salmon -to the
Eastern states, Europe, Asia and Africa,
These pictured ships are a revelation.
Every one does not know what immense
sailing vessels are In the ocean trade
there are great four-masters under moun
tains of canvas, of 2000 to 5000 tons reg
ister, capable of carrying 150,000 bushels
of wheat and other cargo that load at
Portland. Most of them are British, with
some German and American. The peo
ple of Portland have spent JTOO.COO In deep
ening the channel by which the ships
and steamers reach the immense wheat
docks. A fleet of the largest and fast
est stern-wheel steamers in the world
plies on th$ Columbia river to and from
Portland. Thirty years ago one foreign
vessel loaded at Portland, but now 130
i ships and steamers are engaged in the
business out of Portland. In agriculture
operations are on a large scale, wheat is
piled In heaps of 113.000 bushels, troops
of horses haul wagons laden with wheat,
and a great heading and threshing ma
chine Is drawn by 32 horses. Strings of
oxen long enough to show considerable
perspective haul the logs. Rafts of logs,
like floating Islands, are floated down the
river and over tho sea to San Francisco.
Pages of pictures aro needed to show the
picturesque and Interesting details of lum
bering and salmon fishing, and other
pages to present the mountaina, water
falls' and natural' wonders of the mighty
Northwest state, not far from Portland.
And it was a simple missionary, whose
expanded Ideas, realising the' magnificence
of the Pacific territory and that expansion
was his country's destiny, that revealed
Oregon's treasures to the country and
led the first emigrant train Into Oregon.
A Realistic Visit.
Council Bluffs Nonpareil.
The Oregonlan, of Portland, Or., puts
forth a special edition of 60 pages giving
a fine showing of every Industry of the
Pacific Northwest and by Its Illustrations
giving tho reader a very realistic visit
to that wonderful city and region with
out the necessity of getting out of hla
chair. The supplement contains over 500
illustrations, forming an artistic portfolio
of Interesting views.
A Wonderful Epitome.
NashvUle American.
The Morning Oregonlan, Portland's
great newspaper. Issued a 60-page annual,
with Illustrated supplement, on January
1. The 60 pages are filled with stories of
Oregon's and Portland's great growth
and remarkable resources, and this alone
stamps it as a wonderful epitome of one
of the most wonderful of American states.
There are over 600 fine Illustrations In the
annual.
Comparisons Are Odious.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The Portland Oregonlan, which enjoys
the distinction of being the only dally
newspaper of general circulation In a pop
ulation of over 1,000,000, has Issued an an
nual number of exceptional Interest and
elegance. The illustrations, 500 In num
ber, and printed on fine enameled paper,
embrace all the noted scenic attractions
of the Pacific Northwest.
From Michigan.
Bay City Tribune.
The Tribune Is In receipt of the annual
number of The Portland Oregonlan. It
consists of 36 pages of regular newspaper
and a half-tone supplement showing the
beauties of Oregon and vicinity, together
with some fine Illustrations of the busi
ness portion of the city.
Front Old Genesee County.
Batavla (New Tork) News.
The Oregonlan of Portland exploited the
attractions and resources of Oregon In
splendid shape in Its special edition of
January 1, which consisted of 60 pages.
An Illustrated supplement contains over
600 pictures, covering every Industry of
the Pacific Northwest.
For a Great Street in Lonilon.
The Spectator.
Sir J. Wolfe Barry beheves that the "re
tardation" of business traffic between east
and west, more especially ooal traffic, costs
the trade Interests of London 300.000 a
year, the owners of vehicles 1,180,000, and
pedestrians 63,000, or a total of -2.150,OCO
a year. This he would correct by cutting
a Blnsle mighty street, 125 feet wide and
fivo and ono-half miles long, from west
to east, and this, with its subsidiary con
nections, would cost 6,120,000. This had
been ridiculed when originally proposed,
but when the losa was fully understood
It would be found that the saving fairly
repaid the cost. The arterial street la,
we fear, a brilliant dream for the pres
ent, but If London advances for 20 years
as it has done for the past 20, something
very like it will have to ba constructed.
We wonder If It would be quite imposs ble
on the great lines to construct under
ground lines, confining their use to the
conveyance of goods. That would enable
us to pass a law which would relieve
London more than any new openings
namely, a law Insisting that all vch'clea
in motion shall travel at an equal speed.
Wo always speak of the "stream" of
London traffic, but It Is the absence of
otreamlnesB which produces the fretting
delays that take a year from the life ol
every active man.
' ' o
The Exaltation of the Holxenzollerns
Professor Delbruck In tha North Ameri
can Review;
Germany leaves the direction of her for
eign affairs to the emperor and trusts
that the sovereign will do the best he
can, choose the most able counsellors he
can find, and that he will be prompt as
well as prudent. Since a.11 he does for the
nation he does also for himself, for his
own greatness and glory, for the splendor
of his family, and for the future of his
children and posterity, all bis Interests
depend upon and are included in the suc
cess of German policy and the welfare of
Germany. The house of Hohenzollcrn
never can be separated from the fortunes
of the nation. Therefore, the nation may
safely confide its fortunes to the house
of Hohenzollern; and even now, when
public opinion has evidently taken quite
a different view of things from that of
the emperor, or at least from that which
he seems to hold, no public organ would
propose, nor would the relchstag Itself
wish, to alter the German constitution
with regard to this particular point.
flifr iii
A BoBton Lullaby.
New Tork World.
The Boston baby has a new edition of
an old nursery rhyme. Do you recognize
It?
Scintillate, scintillate, globule viviae;
"Wonderlngly contemplated by men scientific;
Elevated and poised in the ether capaclouo,
Resembling a coruscant gem carbonaceous.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Evidently Jupiter Pluvius was short on
Ice when he manufactured the present
season.
Put the average ofnee-soeker m a bal
ance and he is always found waating-r-everythlng
he can get
The censor must have- been taking a
day off when those sohUsra' lettera were
sent out of South Africa,
Bryan's little difficulty with the Texas
panther has not caused any hard feeling
between him and the New York tiger.
Whisky Is scarce In South Afirica, and
yet there ought to be plenty of hot
Scotch among the Gordon Highlanders.
Mayor Harrison does not care to ba
governor of Illinois just yet. The office is
a little too strong of Attgeld and Tanner.
Quay is said to have been using tho
telegraph wires heavily. These however,
are not the only wires ha has called to
his assistance.
Bryan can afford something better than
a dollar dinner this year. Uke the rest
of the people, he has profited by repub
lican prosperity.
The boy who got on Christmas
A brightly painted slsd.
Now weeps and weeps and weeps
snow.
And won't be comforted.
for
The fact that some of the Boers hava
gone down to the sea is of course evi
dence that they are looking for supplies.
No one would suspect them of going
down there to bathe.
The cigar-band fad Is becoming a nui
sance, and It Is about time it was at an
end. The cigar-band Itself Is a nuisance,
as It is almost Impossible to remove it
without making a hele in the wrapper,
but when one's lady friends request htm
to save his cigar-bands for them, and
when one Is requested by lady acquaint
ances to take the band off his cigar and
give It to her, and when boys stop people
on the street and ask for cigar-bands. It
is time to call a hak. The tobacco-jars,
clocks, umbrella stands, and water tanks
ornamented with these bands may look
pretty to the "artist" who makes them,
but they look cheap and nasty to persons
who have any eye for the beautiful, and
It 13 safe to say that these ornaments
will become distasteful to the owners In
a short time and be consigned to the dust
bin or rubbish heap. The sight of the
bands from the Christmas box o cigars
presented to him by his wife, pasted on
his tobacco-jar, will give any smoker a
pain, and aa long a3 kept In sight may
have a tendency to cause him to think of
forswearing the use of tobacco, and that
Is all the good such tawdry works of art
are likely to accomplish.
The registration of letters by carriers
In the residence portion of the city went
lnto effect yesterday. There were but few
letters, about half a dozen, registered by
the carriers, as the people have not be
come accustomed to the new style, and
many aire not even aware, that It la In
vogue. The arrangement does not meet
with the hearty approval of the carriers,
who complain of the unnecessarily largo
books of blanks furnished them, which
they say are not convenient for carrying
in their pockets. They are nt likely tot
call the attention of citizens to the new
style of registering letters. Probably tho
fact that this (registration of lertters will
occupy some of their time and add slight
ly to thedr work and responsibility ha3
something to do with the carriers ob
jections to It. For the present the sys
tem will be confined to the purely resi
dential districts of the city, excluding
business houses and persons who will aa
a rule have many letters to register at
one time. Carriers are required to en
courage the registration of valuable let
ters, and warned not to spend more tlmo
In the registration of letters than Is nec
essary, but they are not to register let
ters which are not properly prepared f jr
registration, and they are poskively for
bidden to engage In discussion. Citizens
wishing to take advantage of the new
scheme for registering letters will, there
fore, take care to see that letters are la
proper shape, so a3 not to keep the car
rier waiting.
The next legislature will have to tako
some steps to provide cast-iron lay fig
ures for the board of barber commission
ers, on which they can have applicants
for admission to their honorable craft try
their 'prentice hands. The commissioners
at first offered their sacred persons to be
scraped, but a few experiences satisfied
them ar rather gave them enough. Then
they Induced the barbers employed In
their shops to allow themselves to bo
experimented upon, tlir they all looked as
It they had been victims of poison oak,
and then they rebelled. Next when some
tramp barber came along and wished to
be examined, a man was sent out on tho
street to hunt up some hobo who stood
In dire need of a shave and a hair-cut.
and coax him In to allow the neophyte
to experiment on his corpure vtll, and
while occasionally some lucky fellow drew
a. prize and got a clean shave and a
good hair-cut, as a general thing tho
hobos were glad to escape with their
lives, and nothing could Induce one of
them to undergo a second experience.
In this condition of things the chairman
of the board foil back on his customers,
and a few days ago wrung In a novlco
on an old friend who had a beard Ilka
wire. The new man, who had practiced
in logging camps and brickyards and who
smelled strong enough of whisky to stup
efy a mule, threw his coat under tho
stove and pounced on his victim and
gave him a 3have which he accounts tha
"closest shave" he ever had. Ha was
afraid to move or say a word till the
fellow got through, and then the re
marks he made to the chairman of the
board were terse and to the point. If not
fit for publication. It looked for a tima
as If there would be razors in the air,
but the trouble was smoothed over by
the chairman of the board giving tha
victim one of his best shavas, and pour
ing oil on his head till It flowed down
his beard, as the ointment did down tha
whiskers of the patriarch Aaron. Now
there Is nothing to be done but to pro
vide some kind of dummies for bad bar
bers to experiment on.
tot
On the Pronunciation of 'rWater.'
Notes and Queries.
Mr. Clerk was pleading In a Scotch ap
peal before the house of lords. The ques
tion at Issue was In regard to a right of
water. Mr. Clerk, more Scottco, proounced
the word watter. "Pray, Mr. Clerk." said
one of the law peers, "do you spell water
with two ts In Scotland?" "No, my
lord," was the dignified and scorching an
swer of the great lawyer, "but we spell
manners with' two ns."
r