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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 16, 1900)
10 THE MORNING OREQONIAN, TUESDAY, JANUARY 1G, 1900. ENGLAND'S GREAT (Copyright, 1S09. THE OREGONIAN'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE: THE WORLD'S GREAT ARTISTS Contributors to this course: Dr. John C Van Djke, Dr. Russell Sturgla. Dr. A. I. Frothlng tiaxn, jr., Arthur Hoeber, Frank Fowler and others. JXII. SIR, EDWUf fcAXDSEER. BT JOHN JEEENEZER BRYANT. M. A. Edwin Henry Xrandseer, known to fame as Edwin Landseer, or Sir Edwin Land eeer, lor he was knighted In 1S50, was born In London in 1802, and lived until he was in his 72d year. But his last years were mentally clouded. His was the ar tistic temperament and he was constitu tionally prone to attacks of nervous de pression. These became more frequent And Increased in Intensity as he grew m age; and In theend they darkened his mind almost wholly. Dying In 1873. he was buried In St. Paul's cathedral, with the fullest honors. Jandseer was of a family of artists. His father was an eminent engraver and etcher and a well-known writer upon art. j His brother was an H. A., and for many years was keeper of the Hoyal academy. His brother was one of the most eminent engravers England has ever had. An uncle of his, for whom he was named, was also an artist of considerable reputa tion. And other members of his family were artists. His mother was a beautiful woman, and In her maiden days had sat as a subject for Sir Joshua Reynolds in some of his allegorical pictures. "When Landseer was a youth facilities for the study of art were few. Land eear, however, needed such facilities but little. His instinct and genius for art were dominant and unmistakable from tho first. Landseer was perhaps as precocious an artist as ever lived. When scarcely more than -an infant he drew animals from life. At 5 years of age ho drew ani mals from life well. At S years of age he drew them so well that Iris drawings -were encraved and etched, and are now de scribed in the catalogues of his works. At 12 years of age he was an exhibitor In the Soyal academy, the youngest exhibitor that Institution has ever had. At 13 years of age he drew pictures whldh oven his maturist powers scarcely surpassed, One of these pictures, a. dog, "Old Brutus," it was called, in 1S74 sold, for 630 ($3150). At 16 years of age a work of his was sold so weU and to such an eminent connois seur, of the time, that at once he became famous. His paintings exhibited In that year (1818) were critically examined by tho most eminent artists of the day and criti cally described by the most eminent art writers. He became the fashion; almost the rage. At 22 he was awarded a prem ium of 150 (J750) by 4he British institu tion for the encouragement of artists. At 24 he was an A. JR. A., and at 25 an JR. A., the very earliest dates, we believe, that no could be admitted to tiiese honors. Landseer's astonishing success was not due to instinct and genfcis alone. In his early years, especially, he was such a conscientious and painstaking student as few artists have been. His one great source of instruction was nature. His studio "was the open fields, jthe paddocks, the parks, the stables, the courtyarfls, where horses, cattle, sheep, donkeys, dogs and other animals were besc to be founa. He faithfully modeled upon and copied na ture in everything he did. Every pose he gave to an animal, every expression of passion or of action, every detail of hide and fur, of skin, hair ani wool, of eyes and teeth, of hoof and daw was care fully studied from the life. Actlnjr upon the suggestion of the arUst Haydon, he also studied anatomy and dissected. Act ing also upon the suggestion and advice of Haydon, he made a special study of the Elgin marbles, those woiderful relics of the sculptured life of Greece, when the great Phidias was In his prime. Landseer thus became, with the exception of Ho garth, the lirst English artist of outdoor life who based his art upon fidelity to reality. And he realized this fidelity by study at first hand. As Ruskln said: "It was not by the study of Raphael that Landseer attained his eminent success, but by a healthy love of Scotch terriers." Sir Edwir Landseer's name is so inti mately associated with the portraiture of animals that it is scarcely necessary to say that he was the most eminent painter of animal life that England has known, and one of the most famous the whole world has known. There are some Tea sons for this pre-eminence apart from the artist's surpassing fidelity to nature. Liandseer, like JHorarth, was a humorist. XJke Hogarth, also, he was a story-teller, a dramatist in art. His pictures, almost all. except his very earliest ones, always had some sentiment to express, some Inci dent of humor or pathos, to narrate. Like Hogarth, too, but in a very minor degree, Landseer was a natirist. It thus happens that liRndseer's pictures appeal to the pop ular taste. The public can appreciate them CDsxt from their merit as works of art. His dogs, his horses, his deer, his sheep, his donkeys, his monkeys, are almost hu man in their dramatic characterization and expressiveness. He thus read Into their portraitures the proclivities and preju dices, tho humors and passions, of every day humanity. And the artist intends that we shall do this, and by his inimit able art enables us to do so. There is another element in the parallel ism of Hogarth and Landseer, Landseer, like Hogarth, was largely assisted in his fame by tho fact that the great public had opportunity of learning of his art from en gravings and etchings. His father, as we have said, was an eminent engraver; his brother, Thomas, was one of the most emi nent engravers and etchers of his age. .Both of these notable artists spent much of their time in etching and engraving for the public copies of their famous relative's works. Other engravers and etchers or great reputation were also proud to bear a part in the reproduction of his pictures. It thus turned out that of all the great artists of his day, Landseer was the one whom people laiew "most about, and were most able to appreciate and enjoy. And as a consequence of his popularity, Land seer was prosperous. His pictures sold well, and in addition, he received hand some royalties from the sale of the etch ing and engravings made of them. At his oeath his estate was that of a man of ample fortune. Landseer's life was wholly that of an artist. He was not a man of business, or of interest in anything besides his art. "When a boy and young man his father looked after all his affairs. Although he earned handsome sums of money from the time he was 16, it was not until he was 23 years of age that he relieved his father of his care of him. Even after he set up an establishment on his own account, his pecuniary affairs were managed for him by others. In all his life Landseer lived in only two houses. The first was that of his father. The other was his own. In St. John's Wood road, where he resided nearly 50 years. Such was the hospitality, the bon homie, the entertaining and enjoyable character of its owner, this St. John's "Wood house became the most famous cen ter of art and artists and artlovers in Englaitd. Landseer's ability was very great apart from -his special genius as an artist He perhaps of all artists in his time was un excelled for his manual dexterity his fa cility of execution. He was 'without doubt the most rapid craftsman in art of his age. He turned out finished pic tures in the same space of time that other artists would have taken for merely sketching them. He accomplished wltn slncle strokes of a broad brush effects of detail which other artists would have had laboriously to work in, as it were, in pen cil strokes. Nor was there. In this facil ity of execution, which Increased with his years, that deterioration of exactness in drawing and accuracy in finish which might have been expected, although there was some deterioration. Besides ho nos- gessed ope faculty which was absolutely 1 ANIMAL PAINTER by Seymour Eaton.) DIRECTED BY PROF. SEYMOUR EATON unique. He could draw two different pic tures, with his right -aird left .hands, at orjee, not altering the strokes, but making them with each, hand, naturally in order, as If the hands belonged to different per song. This faculty, so far as we know, h-is never been equaled. In social life Landseer was a great fa vorite. He was always the lion of the prtrty he happened to be in. His powers oil mimicry were very great and nothing ever gave an assembled company more amusement than when Landseer could ba got to imitate the voice and gestures of scene brother artist. Landseer was not ambitious in the ordl-nta-y sense of the word. Once when beggea by his fellow-artists to stand for the pres idttney of the Royal academy, the high est honor in his profession, he declined acceptance fcf the dignity, although hJs election would have been certain. But he was without doubt the most popular and the most famous British artist of hl3 day, and at the Paris exposition of 1855 was honored by a jury of experts with the great gold medal of the exposition, being the only British artist that was so hon ored. Landseer has been galled the artist dis coverer of the Scottish highlands. A very Silt EDWIN great many of his themes are founded on Scottish Incidents and scenes. "When he was a young man. Sir Walter Scott was one of his most ardent admlrerfa, and it no doubt Is due to Scott that Landseer's interest In Scottish life and character was first awakened. In 1824, when he was In his 22d year, Scott carried him off to Ab botsford, where, as the painter Leslie haa told us. "he made himself very popular, both with the master and mistress, by painting their doggies for them." After ward' Scott sent him off -with Leslie on a tour of the Highlands, and from that time forward the Highlands were Landseer's favorite recreation ground and field of work. Unlike Scolt, however, Landseer was not a sportsman. This seemed very strange to those who knew Landseer only from his works, for a veTy great many of his pictures are concerned with sport ing themes. His interest in the life of the moors and mountains was wholly that of an artist Once when a fine stag came bounding his -nay, he astonished his gillies by excitedly handing them his gun and saying: "Here, take this quick!" Insteau of killing the noble animal, he made a sketch o it. It was just this dominant passion or his aTt that made Landseer the great artist he was. Toronto, Canada. DR. BLACKBURN AGAIN. He Attempts to Explain "What He aieant and "What He Didn't Mciin. PORTLAND, Jan. 15. (To the Editor.) I cannot let pass your editorial notice of my humble communication on the subject of pensions without a personal expla nation. I made no charge that the "man who suppl'ed the government with money for the prosecution of the war was a robber." He took as his right what the law of the land gave him. My conten tion is that the man who gave his life is not to be called a "fraud" for doing the same thing. The little pension I draw is under the old law that was on the statute books when I enlisted, and was as much a part' of the contract of en listment as the promise to pay the bonds was a part of the contract with the man who furnished the money. There Is no 1 more charity In receiving the one than the other. We" take young men from their homes and educate them at West Point and Anroipolis, then provide them with lucrative positions the rest of their lives, or until 63 years old, then we put them on the "retired (pension) list" with two-thirds' pay. We do not ask them whether they have a competence or not. It is simply a matter of public justice. This is my whole contention, and for j this I stand with thousands of comrades and tens of thousands more good Amer ican citizens, who are not comrades, but have a snse of patriotic righteousness that Is as deep as their pockets The In sinuation in the words "professes to have been a soldier." "uncovers moral naked ness," "unscrupulous persons," "de bauched moral sense," etc., are simply unworthy tho supposed dignity of a great newspaper. The whole question of pen sions, as treated by the United States, is one on which we may honestly differ. But so long as the vast majority of the people believe it to be right, and the laws of the land declare it to be right I submit that those who abide by the law are entitled to decent treatment. As to the remark In my letter- that the "money paid for pensions Is a benefit," nobody could possibly read Into that any thing more than the mention of an Inci dental benefit. I certa'nly did not give that as a reason for granting pensions. I stand for granting pensions according to the letter and spirit of tho law, nothing more, nothing less. Again you charge "abuses that are very great" I will sentf to the pension office In Washington the report of any abuse that The Oregonlan will point out, and will guarantee that the cose will be promptly Investigated by an agent of the government, who will be both thorough and impartial. Yea more, In the name of thousands of men whose wounds and sicknesses hurt more than any pension can heal, of widows whose tears the years have not dried, and of orphans whose fathers' have succumbed to. the old in- Muyf- juries, i demand that you either present tho cases Of fraud or cease your charges which scandalize those whose sacrificed preserved the integrity of the American Union. 'Sours truly, ALEXANDER BLACKBURN Th6 Oregonlan has not expected Dr. Blackburn to see, still less to acknowl edge, the distinctions, presented by it be tween those who ought to have pensions and thede who ought not to have them. Ho takes ho note of the violation of the spirit and plain Intent of the law by many Who plead Inability to support themselves by "manual labor," yet have Incomes without manual labor; he talks of "wid ows whoso tears the years have not drled" but has nothing to say of the thousands of widows born since tho war, to -nhem the country owes nothing, yet who re ceive pensions. There are widows on the pension roll not 25, or even 20, years of age widows of soldiers of the civil war, which ended 35 years ago; and rhl3 "young widow" abuse is Increasing every, year. He denies that he called the man who supplied the government with money for prosecution of the war a Tobber; yet that was the whole tendency of his remarks and the necessary inference from them. This part of his letter was precisely the same in substance and quality as the regulation populist political speech. He says: "As to the remark in my let- IiAXDSEER. ter that 'the money paid for pensions Is a benefit,' nobody could possibly read into that anything more than the merftlon of an Incidental benefit." This Is disin genuous. Here Is what he wrote: TIm irorey paid every three months for pen sion's 1q scattered over the whole land, and no body feels It except ns a benefit. Our financiers say that one of the evils from uhlch we Are mifferlrg- Is the heaping up of money In the United States trcceury. I know of no more honest and practical way of getting it out than la the payment of Just and liberal pensions. Here Is a lamentably erroneous econom ic view. We are not suffering from the heaping up of money In the treasury to an extent that prevents steady Increase of the national debt. As to getting rid of the money in the treasury, there are pen sions which Dr. Blackburn might not deem "liberal," but It is not conceivable there could be one which he would not regard as "Just" It Is not necessary to read anything Into the remark that "no body feels It except as a benefit.1 TJne sense of it Is that the money In the treas ury .costs nobody anything, and the great er the expenditures the greater the bene fits. The regrettable thing in Dr. Blackburn's remarks is his inability or refusal to see moral distinctions In this business. The statements in his original letter might pass for a compound of the arguments of Thwackum, the divine, and Square, the philosopher. In speaking of the "abuses" cf the pension system, The Oregonlan does not aesert, nor does it suppose, that any considerable number of pensioners could be found who cannot plead the letter of the law. It Is the practice of forcing the letter of the law that The Oregonlan has criticised, and It was Dr. Blackburn's failure to discriminate that caused it to tay that he takes an Immoral view of the subject a o PICTURE WILL SUFFICE. One Man Who Will Use a Fhoto grnplilc Christmas Tree Hereafter. "No more fir Christmas trees in my house; we'll just content ourselves with hanging up a photograph of one on Christmas eve, hereafter," said George L Thompson, the genial chief clerk of the Hotel Perkins yesterday. It was his first appearance In public since his battle with a Christmas tree fire at his residence in Irvlngton, and he has started a set of Lord Dundreary whiskers because his face was too badly burned to permit the ap plication of a razor, while, his hands are both done up In bandages, and have to be dressed twice a day, by a physician. Mr. Thompson was in the basement of his dwelling,, showing a visitor the mod ern system of. heating, when his wife ocrfamed, and a huge fir tree In the pairlor was found to be blazing with all the enthusiasm of which Its resln-cov-ercd branches were capable. He instant ly set about ejecting the tree, while the rest of the household carried water and extinguished the blazing curtains, and al though the house was saved, George was laid up for nearly three weeks. A loss of $350 on tho furniture and 5150 on tho house, were promptly adjusted, but, as he had forgotten to take out an accident pol icy for himself, he will have to bear tho doctor's bill alone. Lighted candles In the tree had caused all the trouble. o Specific evidence Wanted. PORTLAND, Jan. 15. (To the Editor.) In Monday's issue of your paper is a report of a sermon by the Rev. W. S. Gilbert, preached at the Calvary Pres byterian church, on Sunday last, In which the reverend gentleman, speaking of Christ, Is reported to have said: "He teaches us of Immortality; Socrates only guessed at It." . , I do not know of a ?ingle statement mr the teachings of Christ, nor even in the New Testament, which gives so clear an Idea of the doctrine of Immortality ag now taught by the orthodox Christians as that found In the teachings of Socrates four centuries before Christ If Mr. Gilbert can point out any such statement, even In the Christian Bible, I, with many others, should like toliavehlrt) do so. IN FRONT OF THE LINES HEROIC AMERICAN GENERALS WHO t KEVER SHIRKED DANGER. 'Commanders ' of Regiments, Bri gades, Divisions, Corps and Arm ies Who "Were Killed or Hurt. By Major. J. A. Watrous, TJ. S. A "Why, I supposed the generals and oth er officers always remained at a safe dis tance, in the background, and pushed the private soldiers into the places of dan ger." This remark was made upon the receipt of the news that Major-General Henry W. Lawton had bean killed while in advance of his troops at Sau Mateo, and by one ot that shallow, envious or ignorant class which over finds pleasure in sneering at and ridiculing officers, and all others. In every walk of life, who are above them, and have distanced them in life's suc cesses. Not so much to reply to the fellow and his kind as from a desire to condense some facts of history, do I write." May the facts given refresh the memories of the old, and at the same time rightly Impress the minds of the young, so that they will be les3 liable to deception by the shallow, envious, Ignorant, or "smart" class referred to. Now, let us .see how the generals and other officers do not avoid danger In bat tle, confining the survey to the later American wars. Fifty-seven officers, of various ranks, including Major-General H. W. Lawton, Colonels Wykoff, Egbert and Smith, Majors Howard and Logan, Captains Eld redge, Warwick, McGrath, and Lieuten ants Smith, Boutelle, Ledyard and Taylor, have been killed in battle since the fir3t of June, 189S, not to mention the wounding of more than 100. Thousands of officers, from second lieu tenants to lieutenant-generals, on both sides, were killed or wounded In the civil war. At the battle of Wilson's Creek, Mo., In 1S61, the Union army lost a general who gave promise of great usefulness Na thaniel P. Lyon who fellNwhlle heroically rallying and leading his troops In tho hottest part of the line. Lyon was a captain of regulars in charge of a few soldiers at St Louis, In April, 1861. His duties included the guarding of the ar senal. At Camp Jackson there had as sembled a body of Missouri militia. Gov ernor Claib Jackson wanted his militia, in tho Interest of the Confederacy, to seize the arsenal. Captain Lyon lost no time In making the best possible dispo sition of his troops, and telegraphed the secretary of war asking for Instructions and Immediate reinforcements. The lines were down between Harrlsburg and Washington, hence his dispatch did not reach its destination. Fortunately, a rep resentative of the adjutant-general's of fice, Captain Fltzjohn Porter, was at Har rlsburg. Porter was shown Lyon's tele gram. Realizing the gravity of the situ ation, Porter assumed to speak Tor the secretary of war and directed Lyon to hold the arsenal at all hazards. Knowing that he could not do so with the small force, he called In a large number of Union men and armed them. Seeing the many men ready for a fight, the Camp Jackson militia abandoned their plan to capture the arsenal. At the battle of Shlloh, when there was Imminent danger of disaster to his army, General Albert Sidney Johnson, chief in command of the Confederate forces, rode to the front to lead one of. his divisions in a charge, and was mortally wounded. Major-General John F. Reynolds, a Lawton of the army in those days, was killed at Gettysburg, on the skirmish lino, while gathering Information as to tho position and strength of the Confederates information which, without doubt, mado possible the Union victory at Gettysburg. Reynolds was commanding the right wing of the Army of the Potomac at that time. On the same day, Major-General Frank Barlow, commanding a division In tho Eleventh corps, was frightfully wounded and left on tho field for dead. But for the care given him by the Confederate general, John B. Gordon, of Georgia, later governor ana senator. General Barlow would doubtless have died. On July 2, In the same great battle, Major-General Daniel E. Sickles, a corps commander, while on the firing line, was wounded, losing a leg. On Round Top, that day. General Weed, Colonel O'Rourke and Lieutenant Hazlett were killed when the fighting was hand to hand. In Pickett's never - to - be - forgotten charge, on the third day of the contest, nearly all of his brigade and regimental commanders were killed or wounded, not to mention half of the other officers. It was the gallant General Armist'ead, of the old army, who broke through the Union line and fell mortally wounded. In that charge two Union army corps command ers, Major-Generals W. S. Hancock and Abner Doubleday, were wounded, Han cock seriously. General John Gibbon, a division commander, was also badly wounded. Senator E. D. Baker, of Oregon, one of the most brilliant men of the Pacific coast, while fighting as a colonel at Ball's Bluff, Ta.. was killed. General Zolllcoffer, the Nashville editor, a gallant Confed erate, was killed In one of General Thom as' battles, early In 1862. Generals Isaac I. Stevens and Phil Kear ney, both division commanders, were In trusted with the task of protecting the left "flank of the Army of the Potomac after the second Bull Run disaster. So zealous were they at Chantllly, that they lost their lives, Stevens on the firing line, and Kearney In advance of the skirmish ers, in search of all-Important informa tion. Both had served in the Mexican war. Lieut,enant-General John B. Gordon.-Con-federate, was wounded six or seven times while In command of a regiment, brigade, division, or corps. Major-General Reno was killed at the battle of South Mountain, while right up with his troops, and at about the same time that Lieutenant-Colonel Rutherfdrd B, Hayes, late president, was wounded. The venerable, white-haired, Major-General Mansfield, while placing his command In line of battle at Antletam, was killed. Colonel Samuel Mansfield, chief of engi neers, department of California, is his son. In tho same battle Major-General Joe Hooker, "Fighting Joe" Hooker, was bad ly wounded. General Richardson, a divi sion commander, was mortally wounded at Antietarr. Hundreds of commissioned officersr ranking- from lieutenant to malor peneral, were- killed or wounded on that, the "bloodiest day" of the entire war, as General Longstreet calls it. Major-General McPherson. commander of the Army of the Tennessee, was killed In front of Atlanta, while looking for the best possible point at which to form hl3 troops for the impending battle. In the battlp of Bald Hill, near Atlanta, Major-General Walker, while loading his Confederate division, was killed. It was in this fight that Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Reynolds of n Wisconsin regi ment, was shot. The surgeons were ready to amputate tho brave old Irishman's leg. Said Colonel Tom. "Docthor. yez mustn't cut that off." "Why not. colonel?" "Be cause It Is an Imported lee." The "Im ported" leg wns saved. The colonel of the samp regiment, Cassius Fairchild, brother of-thflfie governor and ex-mjn-j istex to Sp'ain,. Genprn I Lucius Fnlrchl'd.'l wa-s so badly woundea that he never re covered. At the battle of Baton Rouge. whfre ex-Vlcc-President Jphn C. Brefkinridgp cmmandPd the Confederates and General Thomos Williams thf Union forces. Gon eral William? wns killed. One of his sons is thp Episcopal bishop of the Mar- quotte (Mich-. diocese, and another Jsj Captain John R. Williams, of the Sev enth United States artillery. General Lucius Fairchild lost an arm while advancing with his troops the first day at Gettysburg; the lieutenant-colonel of his regiment. George Stevens, was killed, and the major, J H- Mansfield, later lieutenant-governor of California, was seriously wounded. Major Mansfield was fastidious in the matter of dress. Tho surgeon placed a mirror before him when the wound had been dressed. The major saw his wilted collar and blood stained cuffs, and cried out, "For heav en's sake, doctor, get me some clean cuffs and a collar." a General W. R. Sill, of Illinois, was rid ing along his brigade line of battle at Stone river, setting a needed example, when he was killed. General W. H. Lytle, of Ohio, author of "I'm Dying, Egypt, Dying," while trying to rally his brigade at Chlckamauga, was slain. Major-General James A Garfield, later president, dashed through a Confederate line to reach General Thomas with the In formation that the safety of the army de pended upon his holding his position, and dear old "Pap" Thomas held it, thus winning the title, "The Rock of Chlcka mauga," At Laurel Hill, near Spottsylvanla, Va., soon after Grant began the campaign in the Wilderness, which ended at Appo mattox, Major-General John Sedgwick was killed while examining the ground in front of the Sixth corps, of which he was the commander. The second day In the Wjlderness, May 6, 1864, General James Wadsworth, the famous Genessee (N. T.) farmer, after his line had broken, gathered a few offi cers and men about him and charged right Into the victorious Confederate line and was shot from his horse. As In the case of General Kearney at Chantllly, the Con federates conveyed the body of General Wadsworth to the Union line, under flag of truce, with a message expressing sor row that so brave a man should have fallen. In that same day's fight Lleuten- ant-General James Longstreet. the present United States railroad commissioner, Gen eral Lee's "Bad Old Man," was so seri ously wounded that he retired for six months. A colonel on his staff was killed at about the same time. The Confederate army suffered its great est loss in officers when Stonewall Jack son was mortally wounded at Chancellors ville. That wonderfully successful com mander of men and fighter of battles, had, a few hours before, struck the Union army a blow which compelled It to get back across the Rappahannock river, and after dark went out In search of a good position from which to attack Hooker's army the next morning. He went be tween the two armies and was shot at by both sides, receiving the fatal wound from his own men. I well remember that both armies mourned when Stonewall Jackson died. There was but one Stonewall Jack son, as there was but one Washington, one Wellington, one Napoleon, one Grant, one Robert E. Lee, one Sheridan, one Jeb Stuart, one Uncle Billy Sherman. At the battle of Franklin, Tenn., 13 Con federate generals were killed or wounded. Among them was that gallant Irishman, Major-General Pat Cleburne, the South's rhil Sheridan: Lleutenant-General J. B. Hood, who commanded tho Confederates at Franklin, had lo3t a leg In one of the Eastern battles. When General Hood died of yellow fever at New Orleans, over 20 years ago, millions, North and South, mourned. He left a number of young children without - resources. The South and North joined In doing for the Hoed children what the nation has done for General Lawton's widow and children, placed them beyond want One of Gen eral Hood's sons Was colonel of a regi ment which went to Cuba last year, and he acquitted himself as we might expect a son of so gallant a soldier to do. General David A. Russell, who led the memorable charge at Rappahannock Sta tion. Va., the fall of 1863, was killed while leading one of Sheridan's divisions in a Shenandoah valley battle. Major-General Joseph J. Reynolds, who died at Washington last winter, lost a leg in one of the Western battles. General Halbert E. Paine, while leading tho charge bn Port Hudson, lost a leg, and Colonel C. S. Bean, of the Fourth Wis consin, who wrote a note to his brother just before he led his regiment in the at tack, saying, "Geod-bye, Dick. I shall die today." was, within 20 minutes, shot from his horse and died. The South received another great shock In May, 1864, when Sheridan and Lleuten ant-General J. E. B. Stuart, the Confed eracy's greatest cavalry leader, clashed, near Richmond. At a desperate point In the battle, General Stuart headed a charge at Sheridan's force and was killed. Sheridan said, "God knows I wanted to whip Jeb Stuart, but I didn't want to kill him." He fell as the Confederate General Bee did. at first Bull Run, making a des perate effort for his cause. General G. R. Paul received a wound at Gettysburg which caused his death, and General A. E. Ride, while at an outpost, close to the enemy, at Laurel Hill, fell mortally wounded. General Hays was killed a few days later, also with the front line. The wounding of Lleutenant-General Joo Johnston, In the McClellan campaign be fore Richmond, resulted in placing Gen eral Robert E. Lee in command of the Army of Northern Virginia, which he held until April 9, 1865. Though I have mentioned only a few of the officers killed or wounded In the civil, Spanish and Philippine wars, I have named a sufficient number to make any genuine American blush whenever he hears an Ignorant, "smart." or envious person speak as the one did whose senti ment is quoted. A, certain class of ex-soldlers never weary of telling how the officers stay out of danger, when the battle rages. I have heard a good many such fellows tell such stories, but I never found a real soldier in the entire collection. Invariably they were either substitutes who did not leave their states, drafted men who had to be lifted into a fight by a free use of bayo nets In the hands of the file-closers, or chronic coffeo-coolers. Tho highest compliment that can be paid bravo American soldiers of the rank and file Is to say that they are as good sol diers and fighters as their officers: and, too. the highest compliment that can bo paid brave American officers Is to say that they are as brave and heroic as the poldlers who go into battle with them. lviany cmidren can t stand cold weather. The sharp winds pierce them, and the keen air hurts them. They have cold after cold, lose flesh, and spring-time finds them thin and delicate. will make such Boys and girls hearty and strong. The body -is better nourished, and they are better pro tected. The blood becomes richer, and that makes them warmer. 50c and $r.oo, all drusrglsts. ' SC9TT-A POWiNE, Chemists, New Yor f "I feel as if I should fty to pieces." How often those words are on a woman's lips. They express to the uttermost the nerve racked condition of the body, which makes life a daily martrydom. If this condition had come suddenly it would have been -unbearable. But the transition was grad ual. A little more strain each day on the nerves. A little more drain each day of the vitality. Any woman would be glad to be rid of such a condition. Every woman tries to be rid of it. Thousands of such women have been cured by Dr. Pierce's treatment with his "Favorite Prescription" when local doctors had entirely failed to cure. Sick women suffering from unpleasant drains, irregularities, bearing down pains, inflammation and ulceration are invited to consult Dr. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y., by letter free of charge. Every letter is guarded as a sacred confidence. All let ters are promptly answered and mailed in private envelopes without printing of any kind upon them. " Favorite Prescription " is in the full est sense a temperance medicine, con taining neither alcohol nor opium or other narcotic in any form. Accept no substitute. Mrs. Rena Hensel. of Masslllon, Stark Co., Ohio, writes: " I had been troubled with chronic, constipation and female weakness and doctored with different physrctan9,none of whom seemed to help me. I saw one of your advertisements, aad I thought I would try yous medicine1?. I did so and with pood result. Took one bottle of Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription, and two of his ' Golden Medical Discovery.' and I can say I am cured of ray troubles, thanks to Dr Fierce and his medicines. They do a world of good to those who give them a good trial." Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets are, a pcr 'fect cure for constipation. JNI NO GAS! A FULL SET, $5.00 Set o Teeth. 95.00 Gold FilHns ?1.00 Gold Crown 3.00 Silver Filling CO g"ft A WW WCC OC teeth la a featura rAim fSS cr our no m the EXTRACTIONS &S3&& mornluff until night eery day in th year at this one branch, simply because his fame In th!o Una has Bor.e abroad tt such on extent that people from far and near crowd the office to have their Uth extracted at the only place where It is done absolutely without pain. His reputation cornea from j ears of successful practice. None are oa successful an those that are best prepared and who deote their entire lleo to a given work: hence the success cf the well-known and Justly w orld-renowned New York Dentists. piO PLATES BRIDGES Of gold tvhlch take the place of plates arc handled In our office by srpeclallsts who have had years of experience In all prominent cities, and who are without equals an j where In the wortd. TOese men make the most beautiful work Known In this line of work, not only beautiful, but natural, durable, and, moreover, most comfortable to wear. Pleased and Grateful people are loud In their praises of their work, and every day finds new patients In our parlors, rent there by former patients, who feel that tney owe It a duty to their frienda to send them to the very best place to have- their work done where they will receive the best work and most courteous treat ment. All work Insured for 10 years with a protect ive guarantee. New York Dentists H. I. Cor. fourth and Morrioi Streets Lady always In attendance. Hours, & to 8. Sundays. 10 to 4. GRATEFUL COMPORTING Distinguished Everywhere For Delicacy of Flavor. Superiority In Quality. Grateful and Comforting to the Nervous or Dyspeptic. Nutritive QualHIes Unrivalled. Your Grocer and Storekeeper. Sell It. (n Half-Potnd Tins only. prepared by JAMES EFP5 5 CO., Ul Homoeopathic Chemists. London, England. BREAKFAST SUPPER WRIGHT'S INDIAN VEGETABLE PILLS Are acknowledge by thousand of peasons who have used them for over forty yeaw to cure a SICK HEADACHE; GIDOIXES3. CONSTIPA- TTrtV TVM T.Ivrat TC'rtfi L- CfAnt'irtK DlmnUa 1 pnd purify th? blooU M IT jflLliSS 0$MM ,p for health, p aPtfi Batho In the mineral mud F3$p IsgHrfi and sulphur plunge. Drink P5S' SdSfi the sparkling soda water. Hmw eHW;!5 Rest in perfeot comfort and Pjr' ?SJJ3 regain health and strength. LebfeaU WZffi Write for booklet. eS &M? OTTO E. NEVER, Prop. ygt& U& Paso Robles, Cal. Yg$$ KgrdT Pullman cars at tho door. $$) THE PALATIAL EM- BUILDING Xot n dnrte ofilcc In the lnllHsi absolutely reiroo; electric llrliti and artesian ivatcrr perfect sanita tion aad thorojtgrh ventilation. Ele ators run day and iilsut Rooms AERAMS. W H.. Cashier Mulual Ufa...... 4 ANDERSON'. GUSTW. Attsmey-at-Law. ..2 ASSOCIATED PRESS. JR. L. Powell. Mgt . St i UnXKr.RS LIFE 3SOCIATIOJN. ot Des Holnes. la.; C. A. McCargar. State Aceiu JJJ BEHXICE. H. W.. rrn. Ternln Shorthand School .211 EEi.'JAMIX K- W.. Dnttt. '...'."'. .".".V.V.St UIXSWAN'GEK. DR O S . Phvs. & Sur -111 -1.3 JBRUERE. DR. G. E.. Phvsictan... .-il2-3-r V BUSTEED. RICHARD. Pius Tobacco... 602 UU CAUKIJN. G. E.. District Asnt Traveler Insurance Co...... ............ .,.... 713 CArajwELU dr. j. b '"son CLARK. HAROLD, Dentist . 3'i. CLEil. E. A. & LO . Mining Properties.. 013 3. i COLUolBiA TELEPHONE COMPANY 6l-OS-0O-0O7 GI3 Gil G i CORNELIUS. C. W.. Phja. anil Surgeon 204 COVER. P. c.. Cashier Equltafete Life ... U COLLIER. I- F.. PuhHshor: S. P. McGuIre Jlunager ............................ . 4:" j;j DAY. J. G . I. N 313 DAVIS. NAPOLEON. President Columb a Telephone- Co .... .... . COT DICKSON. DR. J. R. PhjV.ctan TU 7il DRAKE. DR. H B. Physlctea 3!2i;; EDITORIAL ROOMS Eru Lr EQmTAPLE LIFS ASSURANCE SOcU TY. L. Samuel. Manager. F. C Cove- Ca e- 3C9 EVENING TELEGRAM 323 A.Jor scree: FALLOWS. MRS. M. A.. Manager Women's Dept. Mutual Reserve Fund Life, ot New York eCJ FEXTON. J. D., Physletan and Surgeon 309 3 3 FENJON. DR. HICKS C. Eye and Ear ZA FENTON, MATTHEW K. Dentist Cu FIDELITY MUTUAL LtFE ASS'N. E. C. Stark. Manaprt- 3p; FOREST. MRS. E. R . Purchasing Agent ..717 FRENCH SCHOOL (by conversation). Dr. A. Muzzarstll. Manager . 700 GALVANI. W. H..- Engineer and Draushts man -...................... .. Gti GEARY. DR. EDWARD P . PhyslcJan'and Surseoa .212 213 GIE3Y. A. J. Physician and Surgeon. ...7 J 7. CODDARD. E. C. &. CO . Footwear, ground floor , 128 Six h s-r: GOLDMAN. WILLIAM. Manager Manhattan Life Insurance Co.. of New York ... ..2u0 2 " - 1 I.RVVK S. Attorney-at-Law .. ...C 7 GRENIER. MISS BEATRICX. Dentist 7 1 HAMMOND. A. R . 3:3 HEIDINGER. GEO. A. & CO.. Pianos aid Ors-w 131 i, 1 S- HOLLISTER, DR. O C. Ph?. & Surg- . 3U 3 J JtQLEMAN C. M.. AtJorney-at-La w . 41b IT 13 KADJS. .MARK. TJ Manager PaeMe North west Mutual Reserve Fund Life Asaa. 6y4-BfcS LAMONT. JOHN. Vlc9pPrejMe.nl and Gen eral Manager Columbia Telephone Co ... On LITTLEFIELD, H. R.. Enys. ami Surgeon .2 1 MACRUM. W. S.. Sec. Oregon Camera Clu " V MACKAY. DR. A, E.. Phys. and Surg... .711 " MAXWELL. DR. W. E . Phys. Surg 7 '1 3 McCARGVR. C. A.. State Agent Banker Ufa Association .......Oi """t McQOY. NEWTON. Attorae.y-at-LawV.".". .1,715 McFVDEN. MISK IDA E.. Stenographer... '"H McGINN. HENRY E.. Attorny-a:-Laiv..sn 313 McKELL. T. J.. Manufacturers Representa tive 20 MILLER COLLECTION AGENCY..,...."." 303. MILLER. DR. HERBERT C. Dentist an! Oral Surgeon ...eKS-OOS- MOPMAN. DR. E. P.. Dentist S12 513 3.4. MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. of New York. W. Goldman. Manager ....2 D 21 McELROY. DR. J. a.. Phys. & Surg701-7i.i2 7uJ: McFARLAND. E. B., Secretory Columb a Telephone Co 608 . McGUIRE. S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier. Publisher ........413 41U MeKIM. MAURICE. Atterney-al-Law 300 MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.. of New York; Wm. S. Pond. State Mprr . . .404-105-408 MUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASS'N. M. T. ICady, Mgr. Paclflc Northwest.... flO-1 (J03 NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Attorney-at Law .711 NILES. M. L.. Cashier Mniihailntt Life In surance Co.. of New York .209 OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY. Dr. L. B. Smith. Osteopath.. .40S-40T. OREGON CAMERA CLUB . ..21 1-215-21 0-211-PERNIN SHORTHAND SCHOOL; H. W Behnke. Prln ...................si? TOND. WM. S. Slate Manager Mutual Life Ins. Co. of New York 401-405-4CB PORTLAND El'E AND EAR INFIRMARY ... .. .Ground floor. 133 Sixth sire-- PORTLAND rRKSS CLUB 718 PROTZMAN EUGENE C. Superintendent Agencies Mutual Reserve Fund Lira, of New York ....004 PITTN'AM'S SONS. G. P.. Publtehprs ...... 81 QUIMBY. L. P. W. Game and Forestry Warden ,.718-T REED & MALCOLM. Opticians.. 133 Sixth strer REED. F. C. FUh Commissioner. ...... ...40 SAMUEL. L., Manager Equitable Life ......30C SANDFORD. A. C. & CO.. Publishers' Agts SIS SCRIBVER"S SONS. CHAS.. Publisher: Jesse Hobson. Manager.. ......... .313-51C-31T SHERWOOD. J W.. Deputy Supreme Com mander. K. O. T. if 3i SMITH. DR. L B . Osteopath 408-409 ?ONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 5 u STARK. E. C. Executive Special. Fidelity Mutual Life Association of Phlla.. Pa. ......301 STARR & COLE. Pyrography 403: STUART. DELL. Attorney-at-Law. ..013-810 6'" STOLTB. DR. CHAS. E.. Dentist . . 704-70 STRONG. F. H i G M.. General Agents Union Central Life In. Co 402-403 SURGEON OF THE 3. P. RY. AND N. P TERMINAL CO. .....70 STROWBRIDGE. THOS H . Executive Spe cial Agent Mutual Life, of New Yorlc. .... 408 rUPERINTENDENT"S OFFICE I. . TUCKER. DR GEO. F. Dentist 01D C." UNION CENTRAL. LIFE INS. COt; F H & G. M Strong- Agent-.. .402-P IT. S. WEATHER r.UREAIT JH1G-007 90S a 3 U. S LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS 13TH DIST., Captain W. a Langfitt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A gcj U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE. RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS. Captain W. C. Langfltt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A 315" WALKER. WILL. H.. President Oregrn Camera Club ....214-213-210 217 WEATHERRED. MRS ED2TH. Grand Sec retary Native Daughters ............ TICTIT WHITE. MISS L. E.. Ass't Sec Oregon Cam era Club ............ 21 WItSON. DR. EDWARD N . Phy. & Sur :H' WILSON. DR. GEO F.. Phys. & Surg. .70f 7 WILSON. DR. HOLT a. Phys. & Surg 3 7 5 WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician 412 41-41 WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELE PH. CO.....CI1 A fe-nr more cleprnnt office mny Ijp Untl ly apply lug; to Portland Trust Company ot Oregon. 180 Third at., o to the rent cleric In the bultdlujr. MEN NO CURE, NO ZZ-i a r lit jjjm -a PAY THE MUl 11 v 'ffiT'ini , ,""- APPLIANCE A pes iflll iuii'mi '-away to perfect man1- J Everything else falls. The VACUUM TREAT MENT CURES ou w'thout medicine v.!" all nervous or diseases of the generative orsaas. such as lost manhood, exhausting drains var cele. Impotency. etc. Men are quickly restored ta perfect health and strength. Write for circulars Correspondence confid(,n tlaL THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO . room 47 iS Sato Deposit bulldUa. Seattle. Wab.