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THE MORNIHG OREGOfflAK, WEDHESBA3;, JANUARY 10, 1900.
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of many practices hitherto counte
nanced was unmistakable. The new
administration, representing the con
science of the community, mad&a. radi
cal moveat the beginning, and refused
to license variety halls. This -was too
great a step, and subsequently it -was
found advisable to license these houses
under regulations Insuring their con
trol. Then the evil of all-night saloons
was talcen up, and an ordinance was
passed requiring liquor houses to be
closed between the hours of midnight
and 5: SO A. M. Great difficulty has
been experienced in enforcing this law;
in fact, the opposition is so great that
a modification of the ordinance has
been agreed upon, requiring closing of
saloons at 2 A. It Instead of midnight.
The liquor interests .combined to fight
the enforcement of the midnight clos
on this question, juBt as it also has
completely reversed itself on the sub'
ject of national eatpansions.
TODAY'S -tTCATHEK.-OccasIonal rain, with
brisk southerly winds.
PORTItAyp, WEPMSSETAY, JAN. 10
SEXATOR. BEVERIDGETS SPEECH.
An open, manly, noble and patriotic
speech -was delivered vesterdav in the
senate by Mr. Beveridge, the new sena-1
tar jxam xnaiaha. It -was based on a
resolution on, the Philippine Islands, so
drawn as to defeat ambiguity and sub
terfuge. He spoke to tlte resolution,
"That the Philippine islands are terri
tory belonging to the United States;
that it is the intention oE the United
States to retain them as such, and to
establish and maintain - such govern
mental control throughout the archi
pelago as the situation may-demand."
In these days of equivocaff&$Tand po
litical cowardice, it is as refreshing as
the shadow of a great rock in a
'weary land to find a man who
lays ddwn a plain nronosiKnn nn
a great matter and talks about It in
language that has no dnnhV Tnonnir..-
We owe it topr country, we owe It to
our soldiers, we owe it to the island
ers, we owe it to the world, to adopt a
plain statement of our intention and
purpose, one way or another,; -as to
theserislands, and then to act promptly
and In strict accord, with our declara
tion. Senator Beveridge has visited the
islands; he has seen the conditions; he
Is not retailing second-hand informa
tion. Though this is his first appear
ance before the country, we have in
8 euort the most important speech
delivered in congress within these
dozen years.
The appeal to the senate for the reso
lution was most eloquent and impres
sive. "Adopt the resolution," said the
senator, "that peace may quickly come-,
and that we may begin our saving, re
generating and uplifting worlc Adopt
it, and this bloodshed will cease when
these deluded children of our islands
learn that this is the final action of
representatives of the American people
in congress assembled. Heject it, and
the world, history and the American
people will look here to forever fix the
awful responsibility for the conse
quences that wlH surely follow such
failure to do our manifest duty. How
aare we delay when our soldiers' blood
is flowing?"
"We did not "make war upon allies' in
the Philippine islands. The insurgents,
In arms against Spain, turned their
arms upon us. TVe had beatfen Spain,
and, while the terms of peace were
pending, the insurgents, who had long
been maintaining a threatening atti
tude, attacked our troops. It was noth
ing that the first shot was fired by one
Of our sentinels. It was his duty to
fire, when he could not halt men who
were trying to push through ihe lines.
Immediately the fire began along the
whole Insurgent front, showing that
the attack was fully planned and pre
pared. It was treacherous dealing, vile
ingrautuae; and the attack was made
when we were under the obligations
of a truce with Spain. Yet, of course,
we must expect there wii- be men in
the congress of the United States to
take the part of the public enemy
Sentimental perverts like Senator
Hoar, and scurvy politicians like Sen
ator Pettlgrew, find their opportunity
on such occasions. But the men who
Btandfortheir country have always tri
umphed over those who have declared
against it. Gladstone's "magnanimity"
in 1881 entailed upon his country its
present terrible undertaking. Hoar's
oeneyoience" now would brings similar
consequences upon our country Jn fu
ture years. Such is the sure result of
sentimental, namby-pamby statesman
ship. As to the Philippine islands, there
is one of two things -for us to do, and
no thirdi Either we must have sub
mission to our national authority, or we
must quit the islands. Everything out
side these two propositions is babble
whether uttered hy 'one n Dr an.
other i . '
effmhTnn.Mnw Ik Vio S2K.ftflfl narrmnfem
fund to defeat the -present -administration.
It may be doubted that Spokane is
ripe for severely moral regulation, but
most communities recognize the just
ness and necessity of such measures as
are now objected to there for the con
trol -of the liquor business and -the
haunts df vice. So far as has been
made known, protest against the new
regulations come from the saloon-keepers
and gamblers; the other elements
of society, barring the usual extrem
ists, appear satisfied with the course of
the authorities. The threat of the
Hquor interests to put sufficient money
into the next campaign to defeat the
administration that has incurred their
displeasure is, however, of too long
range to be effective now. The mayor
will hold office for a year and a half
yet, and five councilmen that will sup
port him have already been chosen, but
are yet to take their seatB. The "wide
open" interests have much the worst
of this contention, because they are
opposing what is generally regarded as
wholesome regulation and because they
also appear to be in hopeless minority
in the city.
A STtJDT CT MX7XICIPAI, MORAX.S.
"With the announcement that a $25,000
campaign fund has been raised by the
liquor Interests of Spokane to defeat
the present mayer for re-election, the
municipal fight in that city assumes an
Interesting phase. The size of the purse
raised does not argue great popular
support of the saloon position, nor does
it leave much need of imagination to
picture the methods to be employed in
uverturcnng tne present polloy. It
ought to have the effect of arraying on
the side of the mayor and his support
ers in the council all who are opposed
to those methods.
Spokane has never been charged with
prudery. It being the seat of a large
mining trade, and much frequented by
rough ana bluff men from the mining
camps, customs were tolerated there
that would have brought trouble to
most other communities. But the city
has grown apace, and has from time to
time cast off features of primitive
rudeness and kept the standards of civ
ilization as set In hustling Western
towns. At times the submerged tenth,
or that part of the city life that ought
to be submerged, has risen ominously
to power. At no time has it been sub
jected to oppressive regulation. For
some months the- city authorities have
been s&ugglgjg &vith the question of
placing limits on &raor sefflne and
gambling, in the interest of good order
and
DEMOCRACY ABTD GREENBACKS.
The democratic parry seems, resolved
to follow its populfst allies 'in support
of the demand that there shall be no
bank notes, but that all paper cur
rency shall be Issued directly from the
treasury. Bank notes, of course, are
not legal tender, but perform the func
tion of money without question so
long as it Is known that they will be
redeemed on demand. Treasury notes
are, however, legal tender, and by
many are miscalled money. The demo
popnllst orators declare that "all
money should be issued by the govern
ment" forgetting that neither treas
ury notes nor bank notes nor paper in
any form can ever be money, or any
thing more than a promise to pay
money. The democratic party once
held clearer and sounder views. Till
it became corrupted with the virus of
populism, it held that issue and circu
lation of treasury paper, as legal tender
on debts and contracts, was without
warrant in the constitution. Of this,
as a historical fact, there can be no
doubt.
Prior to the adoption of the federal
constitution there was a general rage
among large classes for "paper money."
Several of the states authorised its
issue. The wiser men and great lead
ers of the day, however, greatly depre
cated such action. There can be no
question that the founders believed
they had drafted a federal constitution
that made the evils of fiat paper Im
possible; for, after expressly prohibit
ing the states from emitting bills of
credit or making anything but gold and
silver coin a legal tender in payment of
debts, they proceeded to strike out
from the first draft of the constitution
a clause that gave congress the power
to emit bills of eredtt. The motion to
strike out this clause was carried by a
vote of nine states to two, the states
voting in the negative being New Jer
sey and Maryland. Mr. Mad!? n-
pended to the record he made of the
proceedings the following note:
This rote In the affirmative by Virginia -was
occasioned by the acquiescence of Mr. Madison,
-who became eatlsfled that striking out the
words trould not disable the government from
the use of public notes, as far as they could be
mu. pauper; ana -wouia only cut off the
pretext for a paper currency, and particular
for making: the tollto a. legal tender, either for
public or private debta.
When in the stress pf the civil war,
the government, then under the direc
tion of the republican party, issued
public notes and made them legal ten
der, the act was resisted by the whole
democratic party, on both constitu
tional and economic grounds. In1868
thfe question of the constitutionality of
the act came before the supreme court
ot ine united states, in the celebrated
case of Hepburn vs. Griswold. There
were then but eight judges upon the
bench, four of whom had been appoint
ed as aemperatB andfour as reoubii-
cans. The decision -of the court in that.
case, .which declared the act unconsti
tutional, was- rendered by five judges,
with three dlssentingr. Chief Justice
Chase, who, as secretary of the treas
ury during the civil war, had executed
the law, joined with his four demo
cratic brethrenNelson of New York.
who had been appointed by President
Tyler; Grier of Pennsylvania, who had
been appointed by Polk; Clifford of
Maine, who had been appointed by Bu
chanan and Field of California, who
had been appointed by Lincoln. The
democratic party hailed this decision as
so.und and good; and such it was.
But in 1S70 the minority on the su
preme bench was reinforced by two
new Judges, aoDointed hv. Proeffient
Grant Justice Strong of Pennsylvania
uewis apporatea in the place of Justice
Grier, who retired, and Justice Bradley
of New Jersey. The question decided
in Hepburnvs. Griswold was ordered
by the equjjtglhus composed to be re
argued in what are known as the egal
tender caseifand the result was the
decision in those cases overruled or re
versed the former decision. The former
majority of five was reduced to a mi
nority of four by the substitution of
Justice Strong for Justice Grier and the
appointment of Justice Bradley.
The democratic lawyers of every state
declared that the Urst decision was in
accord with the constitution, an a
democratic party men everywhere de
nounced the second decision as an out
rageous result obtained hy packing the
supreme court By many persons of
either political party, indeed, President
Grant was severely censured; for it
was believed that in the new appoint
ments -undue means had been employed
to procure a reversal of the most im
portant Jsase that ever came before our
highest-tribunal. Iieavltig that matter
out of view, however, it Is none the
less true that the democratic party lat
THE IiESgOJV FROBI CHICAGO.
In the construction of the enormous
drainage canal which was completed at
Chicago lost week the people of that
wonderful city have laid broad plans
for the future. The advantages to
llfe and health given by this canal
in 'replacing the slimy, polluted wat-
ers of the Chicago river with the"
clear, healthful waters of the lake
I are of inestimable value- This was the
end sought by the Chicago drainage
board, but in achieving it they inclr
dentally mode a preliminary opening to
commerce of. what is undoubtedly des
tined to be one of the greatest artificial
waterways on the planet.
In the early days of the metropolis
"of the prairies, the mjatter of obtaining
a supply of pure water was not diffi-'
cult. Nature had placed at Chicago's
doors an inexhaustible reservoir of per
fect purity. The city In Its infant
stages was so small that the pollution
of the lake water by Bewage was not
great and danger to health from this'
-cause was averted - by - tunneling out
into the lake beyond the area polluted
by the sewage going out of the Chicago
river. As the city increased In popula
tion, It was necessary to increase the
length of the tunnels, until It finally
was securing, at enormous expense, a
water supply from a point nearly four
miles out in the lake. Even at this dis
tance the sewage began making its
presence felt, and aa a last resort the
enormous undertaking which Has just
been completed was commenced solely
for the purpose of giving the city a
supply of pure water.
The remarkable possibilities of the
future were recognized, and regulations
were provided by law, requiring, the
construction to be on lines of sufficient
magnitude to meet the demands of a
century hence, and for this reason the
Chicago canal project developed from a
mere drainage ditch Into what is des
tined to be one of the sreat marine
highways of the country. By the con
struction of this canal the natural
course of the Chicago river is reversed.
The canal proper starts "at the south
orancn of this river, near Roby street,
and thence in a purely artificial chan
nel "flows for a distance of forty miles
to liockport, where it enters- the Des
plalnes river, and from that stream to
the Illinois river, and on to the Missis
sippi. By thte route a highway Is opened
from the Great Lakes to the. Gulf of
sufficient capacity to carry the com
merce of a nation. The Chicas?ft drain
age board, of cqurse, have aohieved the
object for which they were 'striving,
and the matter of improving the river
connections of the canal will be left to
the government. The width of the
canal for the entire forty miles of Its
length is 198 feet for the earth sec
tions, and 160 feet for the rock'sectlons,
with a depth of 38 feet. These dimen
sions will carry such an enormous vol
ume of water that, when it is joined
with that which is already carried sea
ward by the rivers into which It emp
ties, but little difficulty will be encoun
tered in maintaining a channel which
will float vessels of more than ten times
the size and carrying: capacity of those
now in use on the Erie canal. Excava
tion for the canal included 12..innnn
cubic yards of rock and 28,500,000 cubic
yards of earth, indicating that nearly
one-third of the canal is of such a na
ture that there is no possibility of any
further expense in the way of repairs.
This feature, together with the almost
prodigal generosity of the builders in
anticipating the demands of the future,
has practically placed the matter of
further expense in connection With the
waterway beyond the necessity for con
sideration by the present generation.
In this respect there may be a lesson
for the builders of a thirty-foot channel
from Portland to Astoria. The perma
nent character of this work should not
be subordinated to a temporary econ
omy in construction. Sand and niud
should not be pumped out of one part
oi tne channel and dumped on the
shores unaonfined, so that it will seep
back into the river to form another
shoal farther down stream. The com
merce that floats seaward on the Co
lumbia and Willamette rivers at the
present time is Insignificant compared
with that whloh win be handled in the
future. Chicago's big canal anticipated
the needs of the future by 100 years,
and the improvements to Portland's
waterway to the sea should be of a
character more lasting than from sea
son to season.
direction of, congress 19 the proper
thing for the Hawaiian islands. So
with the Philippines. The Boston. Her
aid is clearly right fn its emphatic
statement that "it is useless- to think
of Amerieanising these distant Islands
in a sense that shall make them a
component governing part of the
United States:
At a recent Besslon of the American
Historical Af?SGcltf&h in Boston,
Charles Francis Adams read & ad
dress, in- "which he asserted that the
ttruisn conduct of the batffle of New
Orleans was "the direct result, the logi
cal sequence, of the battle of Bladens
Tbvxg. At Bladeneburg the British had
simply walked over the Ill-defended
American lines?, and they had concluded
that there was an. exroU-n v
their being able to repeat the operation
at New Orleans. They got themselves
slaughtered In consequence. In the
meanwhile, had they pursued a correct
system of strategy and tactics, con
trolling, as they did, the Mississippi,
they-couia have easily outflanked Jack
son and compelled him to retreat, cap
turing the city of New Orleans without
!5RS?4Ke'" & the-same address Mr.
Adams from recent personal examina
tion pronounced the ascent from the
river to the heights of Abraham at
Quehec a by no means difficult opera
tion under the circumstances, while the
subsequent battle, in which both Wolfe
and Montcalm were killed, he declared
a most serious and fatal strategic blun
der on the part -of the latter, a blunder
which prohably saved Wolfe's array
from destruction-. Mr. Adams also cited
the battles of Bunker Hill and Long
Island as marked by very grave strate
gic and tactical errors.
The vigorous attempt to legislate
oleomargarine out of existence, as
shown by prohibitive laws in thirty
three states of the Union, can scarcely
be said to have scored a success. For
the fiscal year ending June SO, 1809, a
total of 85,141,800 pounds, an increase of
25,634,445 pounds, of a product the very
name of which is supposed to nauseate
the well-regulated American stomach
was manufaotured,In the United-States.
Either the public has not a vary dis
criminating taste when It comes to but
tering its rolls, or it does not object to
"btill butter." It Is reasonably plain
that the dairy Interest, rather than a
squeamish people, is the protectant in
this instance. . In other words, the con
troversy Is between two manufacturing
enterprises, one of which accuses the
other of fraud to its detriment. To the
extent that this contention is true, the
grievance of the dairymen Is a real one,
but It seems that they have 'thus far
been unable to secure redress' through
legislation.
Hawaiian health authorities are ex
emplifying the doctrine of purification
by fire in dealing with ihe plague at
Honolulu. A portion of the infected
district was condemned and burned to
the ground on New Year's day, indi
cating the future polioy of stamping
out the scourge. Much Individual loss
and hardship will doubtless be entailed
by'this plan, but with the experience
of Asiatic ports as a warning, the most
radical measures will be pursued, in
order to prevent this most oerslstent of
all filth diseases from becoming fas
tened upon any city under American
jurisdiction.
given us an example of stand to the
credit of the state, for the pride of its
citizenship, and the enterprise and publle
spirit of the publishers who eoncelvca
the Idea and realized it, in the form before
us. It is. a pleasure io commend such flno
journalistic work.
is aim. time irowr
If Engrland Loses Hep Primacy Shall
It Fall to Us qr JluaalaX
Chicago Inter-Ocean.
Events in South Africa are slowly weak
ening England's prestige among the world
powers. The stake, at battle when the
war began was simply the control of Soutn
Africa Blx weeks after the opening of
the COttflfct EnKllshmen sav fhn he. To-tnlo
empire Is at hazard. England's best
troops and her ablest fienerals have been
beaten and baffled by the Imteh farmers.
The disastrous facts cannot be concealed,
and from Cape Town to St. Peteraburg,
frbm Paris to Peking, tbe name of Eng
land cannot but lose In weight. .
Tho oain-nafefn In RnuKh A-fr-tn fc.-oi
at every important point. The losses ot
the Boers in battle have been more than
replaced by recruits from the dlsaffeeted
rhitoh residents of tlio tihmc xnimiio.
Tho British generals know that they most
wait ror weeaa until fresh troops can be
sent, and then must begin the war all over
again. England may -win. She probably
will. But her reverses in the field mean
time cannot but curtail her power through
out the semi-civilized world.
Every nation of -continental Europe looks
with greedy eyes upon the dazed coIobsus
and hungers for a share of the spoils m
case the colossus weakens. The voice ot
Russia has been for five years more po
tent In China than that of England. Oro
day Russia Is not idle. NOt an effort is
epiired on the Neva Just now to realize
that situation where the czar's little fin
ger will hare more weight to Peking than
England's fist. If the Boers keep Eng
land In cheek for but a few months more
ner noia upon China is likely to be broken
forever. England may conquer the Boers,
put wnue &ne is conquering them the con
tinental powers of Europe will be Busy
rootinir OUt her Inflnenno frrm fha nhnU
continent of Asia, except In India. Tne
mantle of primacy which England has
worn for more than a century will then
begin to fall from her shoulders, to be
striven for by Russia and the Uniteti
States.
Even If England conquers the Boere in
six months it Is doubtful if she will d&
quick enough to save China. TPhen she
ceases to be paramount In Asia, she win
cease to be- paramount elsewhere.
The British empire will not go to plecea
all at once, for the fahrie is too vast, bu
failure to crush the Boers speedily will
destrov tha nroaHira oYnnn. . ,, .
barbarous races upon which England has
so long relied for her empire's extension.
Aiuenca nas me power to seize eventu
ally and to hold tha nrtnrmi.tr rrf fT. ..t.
which even today may be slipping from
England's grasp. If England's day ra
passing, if England can no longer hold
the first place in the world, if that place,
Is to be taken by any other power, whoso
shall the inheritance be? Russia's or
America.-a f xne alternative Is not yet
in sight, but it is possible that six months
or a year may open it to full view.
That will be America's opportunity.
asked him how she was to exorcise the
spirit. The wise man told her to hang a
great bowl of fresh nillk high up in the
chimney, a3 then the fairy would come
-to drink the milk. .nrt Ttrrmia v. on !
gusted at finding Itself all over soot that f
it woam never return again. The farmer's
wife did so, and kept watch on the chim
ney. Shortly afterwara she heard a great
noise over the fireplace, to her great con
tent, but she nearly died of terror when
suddently an awful figure as big as a
man came down the chimney. It was jet
black all over, except its head and shom
derB, which were white. It turned out to
be the &weeo. who had bsen nw ,
-husband to sweep the chimney, and had
iinocKea tne dowi or milk all over his
head. But the spell was broken, for the
wise man said that the fairy had been so
acnalled at the anDear&ncp nf tho c-r.
i that it had left the farm and would not
return to torment tne cow. In the "Welsh
mountains the Wise Woman still gives
advice on cowa possessed by fairies, but
the spells used are lesa eccentric, if not
less efficacious, They, however, equally
end to prove that fairies must be very
simple-mmded and easily taken In.
do?'
Cecil Rhodes' Hymn.
"Geonrle." in Chleaco Tknes-Heraifl.
"Who Is Cecil Rhodes and what did ho
NO MEDIATION PROBABlE.
The largest cargo of breadstuffs ever
cleared .for tne Orient starts seaward
from Portland this morning. The ves
sel carrying it is nearly 400 feet long,
and goes down the river drawing over
twenty-four feet of watef4 with nearly
6000 tons dead weight on. board. The
incident makes recent hesitancy of the
government about sending to Portland
300-foot transports drawing twenty-one
feet of water seem all the more indefensible.
Yesterday's mall accounts of Gen
eral Buller's repulse at the fords
of the Tugela river confirm the antici
pations of The Oregonlan that he failed
through lack of thorough scouting and
reconnoitering, a work that can only
be efficiently done by cavalry. The
London, press, correspondents say that
General Hart's brigade missed its way,'
an Impossible thing if .he and his staff
had ordered the line of march exam
ined and traversed before moving to
the front. Lord Dundonald appears to
have been incompetent for his work.
General Barton nut his brigade "in a
hole," while General Long, through his
ardor, outpaced the escort of his guns
and lost them at the first fire. The
whole story is proof that a" man wlh
22,000 infantry and 3000 cavalry is no
match ror 20,000 mounted infantry, in
trenched, as well armed as to small
arms and cannon as their assailants.
The lack of a very large force of well
armed mounted men has been the
dreary want of the British campaign.
Without' such a forcGenerai Buller
cannot hope to do more than hold his
own, because without a large force of
mounted men he cannot mask his o"wn
operations, scout thoroughly or equal
the enemy in mobility.
Pension reform in the. senate to date
consists in throwing down the bars to
widows, regardless of their needs. This
is strictly in line with the prevailing
doctrine as to pensions, which Is that
the"y are not aid to the deserving needy,
but plunder for those who can reach it.
The effect of this influence upon the
civic ideals of the people is not diffi
cult to determine. ,
With the assistance of plague and
famine, self-government would destroy
the native population of India in two
years. Russia would fare little better.
The native Hawailans would die of lep
rosy, just as the Algonquins were dying
of disease and starvation. Pleas for
self-government for such peoples are
motions for annihilation.
Tjt Li., ii.- i. .J ?brt
isiusiciT uses iii ine Estate ,iq CvcJ
inarrc inai m country nas gone lartner
In dishonor than any other nation ever
went. This is a good deal to say. but
Pettlgrew is a very conscientious man.
.He does this to reform his country.
Besides, his term is about out, and he
must not appear inactive.
The use of self-government Is not to
enjoy its blessings, but to do its work.
And capacity to do that work is its
indispensable condition:
Not enjoyment and hbt Borrow
t Ia our destined end or way;
But to act.
It Is difficult to see any sound objec
tion to the Dalzell resolution. If the
president has been appointing polyga
mlsts to office, the country has the
right to know it.
According to recent returns, the pop
ulation of the. Hawaiian islands Is made
up as follows:
Japanese 40.000
ChlnesH M cnn.
Hawaiian aborigines -..""..!! SlJoOO J
iwmsucoo t.... . . 10.1UO
P&rt Hawaiian and part foreign blood.... MOO
American 3.000
British 2.200
German ?..,.... 1,400
Frtncn and Norwegian ...". 470
An other nationalities .......i.... 1,035
econoinv. Flie tnwn mfl htwn
wide ODen" bevond th RHe-fr- ltm?f .?. .,. .. - .- , . .." I
- -- - "-"j uriiteu into a position or ai- 1
The sentiment In favor of a reform J rect antagonism to its historic position j
Total 't, .,.., 124.&4
It is not likely that the American
people will ever decide that a state can
be made on the basis of such a popula
tion as this. It would be too small a
population for a state, if all the inhabi
tants were fit for the exercise of noilt-
ieal duties; and the population, small I
as it is, is not likely to be much larger.
But the great objection is that such a
population, nine-tenths nf It imfit fnr
the responsibilities of self-government,
could not be trusted with state func
tions. Territorial government, under
California Recogmftion.
Sacramento Record'-Union.
The Portland Oregonlan, on the 1st
inst., Issued a holiday number of 38 pages
Of its nsual form, with 24 pages of half
royal quarto, in the form of a supplement,
on heavy and surfaced paper, given up
wholly to superb half-tone engravings ot
scenery, towns, cities, riveTs, mountains,
harbors, places of business, manufac
tories, falls, woods, shipping, stock, prod
ucts, institutions of Portland and vicin
ity and of Salem and ef some other
places. The whole makeB a superb num
ber of one of the most valuable journals
of the countrv. The 26 readlnc- naces are
given up, after presentation of the usual
news and local features, to matter' exposl
torv of tha mdufetries: nroductlona. manu
factures, educatlbnal Interests and busi
ness of the state of Oregon. There is In
air this no garish pictorial effort, no be
wildering array of statistical tables, no
single effort looking to sensationalism or
exaggeration. It Is a calm, clear, eon
clse and incisive review of industrial, bus
iness and other interests of our sister
state, In what Is said to have been the
most nroswarous vear of her hlstorv 1&99.
The facts are admirably marshaled, the
treatment Is conservative but strong, the
conclusions reached sound &n& frrfiftibt-
blo. Such papers as The Oregonlan has thus
Brief Statement of Some of ihe Rea
sons Why.
Kansas CAUr atnv
The alleeed position of the United States
government, that It cannot Intervene as
a mediator In tho difficulty between Great
Britain and the Transvaal Republic until
both parties join in the suggestion, seems
reasonable and proper. To offer, when
two men are fighting, io intervene in be
half or at the request of one of them
might justly be deemed by the other a
queer sort of Impartiality. When both
parties aro so tired of fighting that each
looks about-for some decent way to quit
it IS time for A. fhlrrt nartn -. i
-and offer to arrange matters.
it is difficult to see how Great Britain
which at present Js the attacked party!
whose territory has boMi invarjc . i
still held by the enemy and which has got
the worst of the fighting so far, can talk
of arbitration without confessing herself
the weaker and defonJ-ori -nn-r-K. si. ?.t
Great Britain, hbweVe?, under such cir
cumstances, join with the victorious Boers
in asking the United States to suggest a
plan of peaceful settlement, there could
be no objection to compliance with the
joint request.
It 1b not at all certain, however, that
taking the original controversy into con
sideration, the United States could be an
entirely impartial arbiter on behalf of
the Boers. The original ground of trou
ble Was a rfiaue.tt or dnmnn? -K-.. n-4.
Britain that certain privileges should be
granted the Ultlanders. Would the United
States be In a -condition to deny the justice
of these demands In aid of the Ultlanders,
many of whom are Americans? If the
United States takes the part of the Ult
landers, It sides against the Boers. The
United States can hardly appear in the
role of peacemaker in the absence of an
unaerstandlng all around to that effect,
and there is no present probability of any
such agreement.
The Boers have the honors in the game
of war as It has been so far played. The
British have been beaten and humiliated.
Any withdrawal from the conflict with
out at least one substantial victory as an
offset would be the depth of degradation.
..wo cuuieai iur me control or south Afri
ca has'begun and It must be'fought out.
The Boers began the fight, after the best
preparation they could make with the con
fident purpose of driving the British from
the southern point of Arrrca. They must
achieve that purpose or fall In It. There
will be no arbitration which will leave the
parties In a condition to light again.
-o
Britain's Military Strength.
England's military strength Is not quite
exhausted by the armies she has now in
the field. In 1S09, according to the Gor
man Die Heere und Flotten Gegenwart,
her actual war strength was as follows,
the population at that time being 15,000.
000: Infantry, cavalry and regular mili
tia t 285.398
Local militia. k 198.634
Artillery and pioneers , 14,261
European troops of the East India
Company 4 051
Volunteers, Great Britain 114.066
Volunteers, Ireland 75 340
Marines... 31400
Tars 9si600
Them was the words maw Burled at nan
when he was Eafcn Breckfust yistady
morn en.
"Well," paw says, "I'll tell You. I al
wals Like to lncurrldge people what ast
about It when they Don't no things. That's
the trubble with so menny Folks. They
set around and Don't cat becoz they ara
afrade they mite Git Looked Down on,
and so they Go thru life without Frndln
out Lots they wlsht they new and that
they ot to no."
"Did you ever ast ennybuddy enny
thing?" little albert saj-s.
Paw looked over the Top of his glasses
at him fer about a mlnlt, but little albert
give the best Intmtlttnhpn nf ntnnn.
sunt lam I ever seen and Bit off anuther
J-.1DK or SOSSldKe. &0 naw went nnr
"What was that you ast me about? Oh,
yes, Cecil Rhodes. He's the richest man
in South Afrlcky; but he wouldn't bo if it
wasn't fer one thing."
"What's that?" maw ast.
"He can't git out," paw says. "They
got Him surrounded. They say he owns
a Bushel of diamonds, anc when the na
bers chickens git to scratchen In His
garden he throws gold ntoggeta at them
If they ain't ennything Else handy. Pee
ple offen wunder why a Purson with all
His munnv want to lAvet a-wnv nvT rhar
around the corner ffum the world's back
door, when He could Return to his native
Land and mingle with the Rltchest brew
ers In England if he wanted to. But you
see If he would do that him and J. Peer-
pont Morgan would be on the same side of
the erth. and they wouldn't be ennything
to keep it from tlppln up."
"I read somewhare the other day," maw
says, "that he Is a preacher's son."
"Yes," paw anserd, "and that only goes
to Sho they are a zoort dal nf ntVi nnt
the old sayln that preachers has the worst
Boys on erth. I offen think I was cut out
for a preacher if my fambly are enny
sine. Cecil oretenda to b nfrnl nla o nnfl
I has a Faverite him, but mebby that's'only
ucuu. an me graio men luce idncom ana
Gladstone had faverite hlms. So every
Sunday after he gets a clean shave and
Explanes to the visiters that the rite way
to pronounce his fruut name Is Sessel, he
smgs:
Rock of Ages, cleft tor me.
If there's enny gold about
X must look around and see
How to crowd the others ouL
Let the water and the blood
Flow In rivers it they must:
England fltes th battles while
I kep heapin' up the dust.
1 n 0 . 1 -
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Another coming champion.
George Dixon also fought
The motto of the Astortan ought to bar
"You're another."
'
With the assistance of the calendars we
know that thl3 is wmter.
Considering his opportunities. General
"White is doing nicely, thank you.
Of the samples of weather furnished
yesterday, the choice of the public Id
undoubtedly the first.
Just what a burglar expected to get In
the Falrvlew depot Is not clear, unle33
he hoped to take a train.
It is not surprising that the grocers re
fuse to pay that liquor license. Grocers
are never lacking In sand.
Couldn't this man Brown be given back
to the Filipinos? Civilized methods of
punishment seem inadequate for his case.
He who fights and quits the rinp.
Anions the sports may b a. kins;
But he who keeps it up too Ion?
Gees up against It. good, and strong.
"When Agulnaldo shall learn that he is
not a Buccess as a general, what a suc
cess he will be la the rapid-transit, busi
ness. There Is nothlnsr small ahnnfr rwnn
A city which requires the Mississippi for
a sewer can make good on its pretensions
to be a sizeable town.
Possibly the loeal democrats refrained
from calling themselves the Jackson club
to save the relatives of tne dead president
the expense of digging him up and turn
ing him back again.
A woman 63 years old has got a Judg
ment for breach of promise In a San Fran
cisco court. After waiting that long and
then missing an opportunity, sho ought to
be entitled to something.
The passing of tha bicycle as a vehicle
for pleasure only will likely be an ac
complished fact before the beginning ot
me zuxn century. Although the bicycle
has come to stay, as a rod it Is rapidly
going out. Those who buy bicycles now
buy them because they need them for
convenience or exercise, not because their
neighbors have them. There Is no longer
tho yearning to ride only the '00 wheel,
discarding the '99 although It may be
practically as good as new. In fact,
wheels made years ago are purchased by
sensible people and rlddoa without a
blush. There may bo no decrease In tha
sale of bicycles, for moro and more are
people learning that they are a great con
venience, but they are out of fashion as
a plaything, and will probably never come
in again.
Actual war strength, 1B09
Today, with a population of 41
her war strength Is approximately
lows:
Army at home and abroad
Reserves
Militia reserves
Militia
Yeomanry
Volunteers
Imperial native army of India (ex
cluding native states)
European volunteers in India and
elsewhere..... ,
Imperial service troops ',"
Canadian militia .
Canadian militia reserve ""
Cape Colony volunteers, mounted
rffloo off
South Australian forces
New South Wales forces '
Victorian forces it '"
S Forces of other Australian colonies
ew Zealand forces ,.... ,
ther colpnles, etc "
831.650
,000.600,
as fol-
238.172
78.7a
20,000
98,000
S.SOO
230,000
150,000
30,000
20.000
S5.GO0
200,000
7,400
3.000
10,600
7,000
7,000
12,000
Actual war strength of empire-.... 1,163,170
" ' '' U fl 1
Fairies Still in Europe.
London Globe.
It Is eurious how the belief In fairies
exists even now in the out-of-the-way
cornera of Europe. In splta of the ad
vance" of free thought and all the rest of
it the primitive Idea of small supernat
ural oeings -wno pass their hves in play
ing practical jokes on mankind still sur
vives. A Berlin paper publishes a story
of a 'fanner's wife in Silesia, whose cow
was- tormented by a fairy. She therefore
went to the wise man of the district and
Extant of Onr New Obligation.
New York Commercial Advertiser.
We have not to deal alone with a situ
ation that has arisen since the insurrec
tion, the treaty of peace, the capture of
Manila bay or the early Insurrection
against Spain; wo have to deal with a sit
uation that is older than history. The
Spaniards never undertook to civilize tho
islands, and the natives know nothing of
orderly and honest rule. They were held
by garrisons in the larger towns and feu
dal monasteries In the fertile districts,
and for the rest were left tn ttiTn.
selves. Corruption reeked in these towns
and anarchy ruled in the Interior,. The
robber bands our troops are contending
with In various Islands are an old story,
only no one heard of them In Spain's
time. Many of these joined Agulnaldo's
army and will return to their original
trade now that It Is broken up. With
out the Insurrection it would be the work
of many years to reduce the disorder
Spain fostered and left in the Islands.
That worsened the caso by giving tho
turbulent classes arms and sharpening
their appetite for loot. Agulnaldo and his
war anart. ws Tia.va tn rfeHme rtr&f o-nA
train for civilization millions that have
lived m unchecked anarchy and untaught
barbarism as their ancestors had lived
before them for centuries. We have to
teach the common decencies of honest
administration to a town population sat
urated with the corruption of Spain, and
tn pftrrv nn ti nrrlfnartr flsrn1 nnontHrvna
of government among a people that never
has learned to see In them anything but
Invitation to bribery and opportunity for
dishonest gain.
o
Alert to Prevent It.
Washington Star.
"The great danger." aald the grave citi
zen, "Is that we will drift into a pater
nal form of government."
"Yes," answered Mr. Meekton, with a
sigh; "Henriette seems worried about
that every time I speak to the children."
1 ' m 1
Explains His Position.
Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
Mr. Dukane William Jennings' Bryan
declares that he stand3 where he stood
in 1890.
Mr, Gaswell 1 always maintained that
he was, whipped to a standstill In that
campaign.
Footllsrht Paradox.
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
"Actor Sol Smith Russell is such a
paradox."
"How so?"
"His homely awkwardness Is his chief
grace."
" ' 1 0 ' '
The Corkscrew Boat.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
A so-called corkscrew boat running 50
miles an hour is a recent Invention. It
will naturally put an end to the bottling-
up process m navy wont.
q " '
A Slippery Hold.
Chicago Record.
If Portugal can afford to let go of Dela-
goa bay for a minute, this would be a good
time for her to rub a Utile powdered resin
on her hands.
18 8'
Wind and Sen.
Bayard Taylor.
The sea la a Jovial comrade;
Ho laughs wherever he goes;
His merriment shines In the dimpling' lines
That wrinkle hi hale repose;
He lays himself down at the feet of the sun.
And shakes all over with site.
And the broad-hacked billows fall faint on the
ehore
In the mirth of the mighty seal
Gut tha wind 1e sad and restless
And cursed with an inward pain;
You may hark at will, by valley or hill.
But you hearhim still complain.
He walls on tho barren mountains
And ohrlekB on the wintry sea;
He soba In the cedar and moans in the pine,
And ebudders all over the aspen tree.
"Welcome, aro both their voices,
And I know not which Is best
Tho laughter that slips from ocean's lips
Or the comfortless wind's unrest.
There's a pane In au rejolelns,
A Joy In the heart-of -pain,
And the wind that saddens, the sea that glad
dens. Are eingins the eelf-samo strain.
Prize-fighters are like the American rev
olutionists. They never know when to
quit. Such tawdry glory as is won In the
ring always turns the heads of those upon
whom it falls. They fight one too many
battles, and go into the "also-ran" elna,.
There Is a good deal of poetic justice la
this. Your ring baron Is an oppresssor
of his associates, a swaggering. Intoler
ant, vainglorious tyrant, who delights to
lord it over his humblo worshipers, make
things unpleasant for all those so unfor
tunate as to come into contact with him.
and bMly and browbeat his wife, if he
has one. Once whipped., he I3 a cringing
supplicant for toleration, which he doesn't
get. He suffers as much as such a crea
ture can suffer to see the homage that
once was his go to his conqueror. And ho
goes rapidly down the line, a has-been, a
thing of the past, an object of contempt,
till he begins to realize what Are and
brimstone preachers mean when they talk
about hell.
Another Recrnit.
Sunset (Tex.) Signal (Dem.).
The renublleana will twim n orr.
bill declaring the establishment of the
gold standard. The Signal was a firm be
liever In the double standard, and It was
with a fear that a policy detrimental to
the people of tha country had been inau
gurated that it saw silver set aside aa a
standard money metal. Todn.v -wa nra nnf
so sure about the matter. Perhaps it has
been from a happy combination of causes,
but under the gold standard the business
of tha country has wonderfully Increased,
and, taking the whole country over. It
is probably tru& that never were the peo
ple so prosperous. As the gold standard
Is the policy of our government and
cannot be changed within another admin
istration, even should Mr. Bryan be elect
ed, doubtless It is the part of wisdom to
enact tha law proposed by tha republi
cans. '
The "More Cnntlons" Simon.
New York Evening Post.
In response to the complaint of tha
Portland, Or., Chamber of Commerce,
that the reduction of the tariff on prunes
contemplated In tho reciprocity treaty
with France would ruin an Oregon indus
try. Senator McBride of that state wrote
that ho would endeavor "to have the
treaty so amended as to leave the pres
ent tariff on prunes In full effect." The
more cautious Senator Simon said that
he would give the matter "careful consid
eration." O 11
The Farmer's Lot.
E. B. Smith in Minneapolis Journal.
Th farmer la a happy man or should be. don't
you know.
Ha doeta't have a thins to do but plow and
reap and bow.
Ha eleep3 till 4 o'clock each morn, then goe
about his tasks.
Gota three square meals each working1 day, and
that Is all he asks.
He hires a man to do his work, when ho can
raise the prlc.
Feeds him on pork and johnnycake, potatoes,
mush and rice.
"When autumn gilds the towering: hlllat ha
cornea to town and votes.
And settles up hia winter's bills by Issuing: his
notes.
He always has one suit of clothes, and often ha
han two;
For footwear he prefers a boot and never wears
a shoe;
And when summer comes he sheds h!a duds to
'scape the heat.
And doesn't have to don his coat whea he slta
down to eat.
He keeps a wagon and a span, with which to
drive to town;
Hie wife was never knows to bo without a
gingham gown;
His children, tec are fat and stout tfeev'ra
not brought up on cake.
And never cry all night because their little
stomachs ache.
He needs rio money in his purse, his credit's al
ways good;
H takes the weekly paper atd he pays for it In
wood.
The merchants furnish him dry eoodsi and xro
eerles as well.
Because they know seme day he'll have some
pork or wheat to sell.
Ah, happy Is th man who dwells upon fha
farm, apart
From noisy cities, crowded towns and com
merce's hticv TTiin--
j Serena he IWes, nor elves cue thought to hcard-
"i6 V"V3 os peic.
3Iy dearest hope is that come day I'll have a
farm myself.