THE MOENING OREGOjSTIAS, WEDNESDAY, JAHUAEY 3, 1900.
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PORTLAND, WEDXESDAY, JAX. 3
&HXIXS EXTRAVAGA2VZA.
Announcements continue to be made
that the report -of the proposed Fenian
raid into .Canada is too preposterous for
notice. It ought to be true always that
a Fenian xaid on Canada is a prepos
terous assumption, but Fenian raids
have twice taken place in this country
Blnce 1866, with lamentable results, and
may take place again, because nobody
can ever tell what a number of "wild
Irishmen" will do whose ignorant, sen
timental "patriotism," so-called, is
stimulated by the anarchists, enthusi
asts and cheap demagogues that infest
the ranks of the Clan-na-Gael and kin
dred Irish societies in America. To il
lustrate what we mean by the absurd
Irish-American, -we print the following
extract from the call for the recent big
pro-Boer mass meeting in New York
city, at which "Judge James Fitzger
ald" presided.
The hour of England's doom has been struck.
The dial lrabajnarked. hejerip,d of her
de3trucU0JtIBTfiIr ffiTfflchUr,iSffTWig- "wished
tor haa at last arrived. Ireland's "opportunity"
is fat. $mt. gney gaiter at'lriBif dlperty will
arise, like" a phBe&ic oS ihe ashes tf England's
desolation. The cup of misery she has for cen
turies pressed to Ireland's lips she will herself
ie made to drain to the dregs.
The tragedy of Da id and Goliath Is re-enacted.
The Boers ofihe Transvaal "have con
quered the afenles & Great Britain." Let the
lovers of "liberty rejoice and b? glad. Emmet's
epitaph will be Inscribed in our day and gener
ation. Outside of France It would be diffi
cult to find any intelligent brains In
sympathy with this kind of rhe
torical extravaganza. To an intelli
gent American the passage we have
quoted is supremely silly, but with
a .certain type of Irish-Americans
this kind oiJ, stuff passes' fbr-ioquence,
ami thfe typeof men who. really, think
that they have full right to fight the
battles of Ireland's ancient wrongs
from England over again in America at
every opportunity ha-e not hesitated In
the past to provertbgmselves bad citi
eens of their adopter gauntry by pirati
cal raids upon Canada There are those
of us who can remiber as eye-witnesses
the miserable fiasco of the Fen
Ian raid on Canada In 1S66, and the sec
ond attempt, that followed It at a later
date. There were laughable incidents
connected,. "ith the first Fenian raid
AitrLthe 'second attempts said there were
some dismal incidents. "
The miserable thrasonical Irishmen
who organized and directed this irrup
tion of pirates upon the soil of a friend
ly power were some of them arrested
by the officers of our government,
placed on trial and sentenced to a term
f imprisonment. One of them, "Gen
eral" John O'Neill, through his counsel
asked for a merciful, sentence from
United States DistricFjugge "Woodruff,
on the plea DfThls services in the Union
army in Missouri from 1862 to 1865.
Judge Woodruff sternly refused to con
sider his request, saying: "The fact
that you once fought to: uphold the
laws of Ujipuggermne nt does not abate
the ori'-rfAUr offense in delib
erately conspiring "to"violate its laws."
u1?tbjsi.f4j -Rjipsed.Tvlth a
Jewiyears ofipxisbnrneiriltar.e' not the
real martyrs of the Fenian piratical ex
peditions against Canada. The real
martyrs were the gallant, ingenuous,
impulsive, Ignorant Irish, youths from
08 to 20 years of age who ignorantly be
lieved they were really striking a de
cisive blow for the freedom of Ireland
by assaulting the English colony of
Canada. Some of these gallant Irish
youth fought like heroes and were shot
down by the Canadian militia, and a
number were taken prisoners and sen
tenced to Kingston penitentiary for a
long term of years. No blame could be
imputed to the Canadian authorities,
for these misguided young men were
land pirates and were legally liable to
the death penalty. Butthe real mar
tyrs "in these miserable Fenian raids
"were the gallant, ingenuous Irish
youths from the country towns in the
border states, who had learned by the
heart the story of the -horrors of 1798
cand had. .seen the play of Hobert Em
met enacted. These "ignorant Irish
boys, af number of-whom -iefc widowed
mothers behind them, were the real
martyrs of the Fenian raids of 1866 and
of subsequent date.
The Clan-na-Gael type of Irish
JJinerlcan "has been a very great curse
to this country. If he is sincere, he is
a. most pestiferous anarchist;"ahd if he
Is insincere, he is a most destructive
demagogue. In other words, he not
only is not a good citizen, but he is
emphatically and positively a very bad
citizen. He treats with contempt the
laws of his adopted country, and loses
?io opportunity -embroil the United
States, in difficulty with Great Britain
simply because he has an Imported,
hereditaxy.fcierleranoe'tti against that
country. Of course if every European
who sought our shores carried with
him an imp&jed grievance against one
of tk& powans of Europefctnd simply
used his residence in America as a kind
of refuge frifiOUd0ch5bCbr'ganize and
execute plots against frjeiidly powers,
the United States would be compelled
in self-preservation to" exclude immi
grants from its shores. .The -Clan-na-Gael
type of Irish-American is for this
reason a very bad and unwelcome cit
i?ft9v He, seems to think that all the
unltea states was made for is for a J
bomb-proof and asyium for. Irish po
litical incendiaries, and that the aver
age Amejp3ougJSt to feegprpud that l
his country s lawsjare violated, and his
kss
peaceful relations with his friendly
neighbors are seriously interrupted in
i order to "make "a great day 'for Ireland."
THE UN'ITED STATES AND THE
.BOER "WAR. -
Keasons for American sympathy with
the Transvaal are not far to seek. "We
are all drawn from Europe at a period
more or less remote, and the inheri
tance of European predilection we
brought with us will not be ignored. A
j real or fancied Interest of Germany in
.British humiliation attects tierman
Americans, and the obvious antago
nism to England resident in Russia and
France influences those whose hered
itary thought is derived from those
countries. Descendants of the Dutch
cannot forget that there is the Trans
vaal are the remains of the fierce con
flict that once raged between England
and Holland for supremacy. The sor
rows of unhappy Erin are remembered
by every virile Irishman, whose antip
athy to England inevitably inclines him
to sympathize with the Boer.
If denial of home rule to Ireland be
Britain's fault, grievously must Britain
answer for it. This and all other an
tipathies to her are natural results of
the influences we have enumerated,
and they belong among those Intense
national or race feelings that are in
eradicable. They are not to be rea
soned away, because they spring not
from reason but from feeling.-. Tliey
are not even to be despised, "becattsS
they are marks of the vigorouVand the
constant mind. But they are not the
prime element in the considerations
that the United States as a nation
nwijjhiidetermming its attitude
toward .the .contending forced in "South
Africa. li'-Ul: S- .X:x ft.
The question for us Is.no,t.one of sym
pathy, for upon that we are divided.
perhaps almost equally; nor yet one of
intellectual apprehension of the ethnic
meaning of this fierce and momentous
struggle; for with all the increased ap
preciation of' Great Britain's difficult
task we have gained in our own, and
with our better understanding of the
apparent destiny of English-speaking
peoplesin civilization, this" mlghtuall
bpuandStpur inter-gsjEs 4i?satfist.e
triunVpn. "ot "Great Britain's armsin
South Africa, once we were antago
nistic, to her. It has beeiu so In two
wars it waW-so- in the Venezuela -episode,
it may be so again. "The influ
ences that have thrown us together
now are the product of certain specific
occurrences, and other certain specific
Influences might cause our interests
again to diverge. It is a question, then,
of policy and not of sentiment.
Is it better or worse for us that the
only power in Europe that stood by us
in,our,wtar with Spain. should be weak-ehe'd-ln
the councils nf Europe? Is "it
belter oi worse for us that the weight
of power in Asia should be lost to
the nation that stands for fair trade
and delivered over to 'those that will
treat "spheres of Influence" as trade
preserves? Is it better for us that
South Africa should be a hive of in
dustry buying our products or an ex
clusive community, where Catholicism
and Judaism are crimes, and a black
man has the social status of "a brute?
Is it better for uV or worse that the
country where we sell the bulk of our
foodstuffs should be driven in upon it
self and incapacitated for its present
enormous consumption? Shall Asia,
Africa and:.Squth America be governed
by the Merciers, Bismarcks, Metter
nichs'and Alexanders- of mankind; or
by its Burkes and Brights, Its Glad
stones "and its Peels? And, finally, is
it better or worse for us that our secur
ity at home and trade footholds abroad
shall be left to the tender mercies of
our Continental rivals', whose antipa
thies, are concealed under the yery thin
disguises?
These are questions that ought to be.
decided in a matter-of-fact way, with
out appeal to prejudice or passion.
Sympathy with the weak or hatred of
the strong need not blind us to the
truth as to our own interests.
. THE FUTILITY OE SUBSIDIES.
The French barks Xpuis Pasteur and
Jules Verne arrived in at Astoria from.
Europe yesterday, after a voyage of
about 17,000 -miles 4n ballast ..They are
under charter to load wheat at Port
land for the United Xingdom. Seven
teen thousand miles is a long distance
for a ship to come, in ballast, and the
voyage the Pasteur has just completed
has interesting bearing on the shipping
subsidy question. These vessels were
built in France, to, take advantage of
the French bounty law, the main feat
ures jdZ which are embodied in the
Payne-Hahna bill, which is now before
the-American people. The bounties al
lowed by the French government are
about the same as those asked for
American-built ships. The Payne
Hanna bill provides for a bonus of V
cents per ton per hundred, miles up to
1500 miles, and 1 cent per ton for over
1500 miles. The bounty secured, by the
Louis Pasteur and Jules Verne is
slightly higher than these 'figures, but,
admitting the rate the same, and the
two French vessels receive from 'the
government aboutTQOO for the voyage
out frxini Europe-in, "ballast
If the American ship bounty is to
benefit the producer and theTpeople as
a whole, the French bountyV -operating
on exactly the::sam&4fnes, undoubtedly
accomplishes the' same ends? Such be-I
itlg the case, it would be in. order for
the promoters of the subsidy-scheme to
explain wherein the French 'people
profit by subsidizing a ship to sail half
way around the world in ballast, to
carry wheat for the Oregon farmer.
The impossibility of the French pro
ducer,, the American producer, or the
people of any other nation, receiving
any benefits In the way of lower
freights is strikingly illustrated in the
case of the Louis Pasteur. Shortly
after the departure of this vessel from
Limerick she was chartered to load
wheat at Portland at 35 shillings. She
was subsequently rechartered at 36s 3d,
and on her arrival in the river yester
day she could have received 40 shil
lings. The liberal subsidy paid her
owners has not resulted in reducing
the freight rates in the slightest, for
wheat tonnage in port at Portland to
day is worth 40 shillings, no matter
what flag it is sailing under. The law
of supply and' demand regulates
freights, just as it does every other
commodity which Is handled by the
commercial -world, and the wheat
grower or the producer of any other
article which is carried on the high
seas has no interest in the flag under
which his- product is moved, providing
the work is done at a satisfactory rate-4y
The -American ship Clarence S. Be
ment, an iron vessel built at an Amer-'
1caii''yard,ls due"" at Portland underi
Charter to load wheat at 40 shillings
per ton. Her owners receive this 40
shillings out of the wheat which they
will carry. The owners of the Louis
Pasteur receive 35 shillings from the
cargo and another 5 shillings from thje
French government, so that her owners,
secure the same rate as the American
owners oT the Bement, and if their
yessel was on th'e free list today, she
would be chartered at 40 shillings and
the government would, still be forsad to
pay the bounty. Glittering generalities
of subsidy advocates do not show Up
very well when scrutinized in the cold
light of facts.
FIRST AND SECOIJD.
We take it for granted that every live
man in the state of Oregon celebrated
the New Year with a resolve to take a
fresh hitch on the load that has fallen
to him as a member of the community,
and see if he can't help the state to a
higher position by the time another
New Tear comes around. For every
such man ther,e are two things to think
of and strive after.
"We are inclined sometimes ta think
that the making of us will be foreign
trade. An open river, at deep harbor,
low railroad rates and favoring tariffs,
we are apt to think, is all we need.
Take a gun and go out and cpmpel
everybody to do business here or
through here, and the thing is done.
There is prodigious activity of this
school of thought at Astoria, and tod
much of it at Portland. Commerce is
'air right, but-it is not the first thing";
and it cannoVbe had in a really benefi
cial way unless It ls'preceded by some
thing else.
That something else that is the first
thing is home development. Foreign
trade is a mere bagatelle compared
with domestic , trade. Imports and ex
ports passing through a port to other
points, as great quantities do at Ta
coma every month in the year, have a
certain but limited service for a city.
The trade that amounts to something
is the influx that is consumed right
here, and the outgo that is produced
right here. "We need people. We need
manufactures. We need people that
will raise crops and work up lumber
and dig in mines. Especially we need
Industry that will produce rawi-mate-rial
"from the earth and then' turn it
Into finished product ready for xetail.
If a man would come here to Portland
and start a bank with ?2,000,000 capital,
he would be of less real use than half
a dozen farmers with a bare suffi
ciency, who would start up dairying
and stockraising on a small scale and
stand by their product till they saw it
made into the best butter and. cured
meats. Give Oregon a busy agricul
tural and industrial population, getting
all that can be got out of the soil and
making it up into woolens, linens,
cordage, hams, bacon,- beef, shoes,
hides, doors, furniture, flour, and the
problem of foreign trade will take care
of itself.
Second Side by side with this inter
nal development we must facilitate our
means of exchange with the rest of the
world. Business will go where it en
counters least obstruction. The free
port of Hamburg is the wonder of com
mercial Europe. Everyudqllar saved to
ships; that', visit the Columbia river is
two dollars in the pockeVof the farmer
or laborer here, because it gives him
more profit on his wheat or more days
of employment in the year, and also
assures him a future. Everything that
makes trade easier at Portland is of the
highest importance to workers here in
every department of industry. J We
have a direct interest, then, in Im
provement of the river, in the Nica
ragua canal, in easy entrance for goods
from Asiatic ports, in increased rail
road facilities from the great interior.
Efforts to bring transports here, to se
cure, favorable freight rates by rail, to
establish arydock' and smelter, aj" e Of
as vital interest to farmer and day la
borer as they are to capitalists and
professional men.
What makes communities great, after
all, is not prodigality of nature, but
foresight and energy of men. The fu
ture of Portland is in the hands of its
citizens. In the path of steady, united,
wise effort Is success; in the way of
neglect, indifference qr disputation is
failure. It will be no" consolation for
us in the day of inferiority to have it
said that Portland had every ad
vantage over its competitors by posi
tion, age, wealth and surrounding re
sources, and was only deficient in pluck
and enterprise.
It Is not probable that the Boers will
ever make an attack on a British po
sition. And it is most probable that If
they ever do they will meet a repulse.
The advantage of the Boers Is in de
fense, and they are wise in using It to
the utmost. But the time will come
when they will be compelled to attack
or retreat Such, finally, was the posi
tion of the Confederate army under
Hood at Atlanta. It attacked, and was
almost destroyed. The British will, in
time, bring the Boers Into this position.
The Boers, not so aggressive soldiers
as the Confederates, probably will -not
attack. Then the retreat of the Boers
will begin, and, as they are pressed
back, the war will be carriedJnto their
own country. It may be predicted with
great certainty that the Boers never
will meet the British soldiery on an
equal .field. Should they do so, they,
.wpuld be swept away. It noy remains
to be seen whether the British army
. make any more front attacks and
fill into the traps the Boers have pre
pared for them.
At a criminal trial, last week, in Vi
enna, 111., a witness was testifying as
to the leadership of a mob, and at the
proper time was asked by the prosecu
tion to point out the mob's leader.
Promptly he picked out the attorney
for the defense, and persisted in his
statement that "He's the man," tQ the
great amusement of the crowd in the
courtroom. Apparently he selected bet
ter than he knew. Too often the real
leaders in mob violence are character
less lawyers of oratorical bent, who
give advice that lands the taker in jail.
Labor organizations know no more
dangerous rnan than the shyster who
incites them to disrespect of authority.
The transport Pennsylvania, which
was dispatched from this port for Ma
nila about two months ago, Is reported
as again en route to this port for an
other trip in the government servicer
The Lennox, which was fitted out as a
transport at Portland, has sailed for
San Franclscc At the time Portland
was making such vigorous efforts to
secure a share of the transport budl
ness, objections were raised to sending
transports to this, city which had made
previous trips from other ports. It was
contended that when a transport was
to make more than one trip in the
service, the best interests of the gov
ernment would be served by having her
returned- to the port where she first
loaded. This being the case, it would
seem eminently proper "for the Lennox
to be sent to Portland again. Every
thing that Portland has had in this
line was fought for In order to secure
it, and it may be necessary to continue
the fight if we are to receive the recog
nition to which we are entitled.
The attempt of an aged pastor to
retain his hold upon a charge to which
he has ministered for a long series of
years, but whose' best efforts are, ac
cording to the modern reckoning, "not
good enough," is pathetic. On the other
hand, the pastor who, recognizing the
fact that "age is not strength, but
weakness," and further that to be a
successful minister of a growing
church a man must be and keep
abreast the times, and conform his
work to their changes, insist upon giv
ing place to a younger man, presents
an example of an ability to grow old
without useless protest that compels
admiration. A recent example of the
latter type is Rev. S. H. Virgin, for
twenty-eight years pastor of the Pil
grim Congregational church, of New
York, who has resigned his charge In
the face of protest emphasizing, in so
doing, his conviction that it was time
to begin a new plan of W;Qrk; that what
x$$s needed under the changing condi
tions was a large "institutional" work,
such as a younger and more vigorous
man ought to help lay out if he were
going to engage in it There is a dig
nity in such a voluntary retirement
that cannot fail to impress thoughtful
men as eminently becoming to age.
The "pig-sticking" stories, said to
emanate from British soldiers in South
Africa and printed in local English pa
pers, are yery like the stories written
to home papers by some of our sol
diers in the Philippine islands, shortly
after the Filipino outbreak. Authors
of stories of this sort like to draw the
long bow. It will be remembered that
the volunteers from some of our states
wrote home telling awful stories about
"pot-hunting," "slaughter of niggers,"
and even killing prisoners. They want-,
ed to tell frightful stories for home
consumption. But. when the letters
were published and inquiry was made,
it was, found that the romancer had
been at work; and the writers of the
letters admitted It. Men of the Second
Oregon, however, did no work of this
kind. But the stories of "pig-sticking"
that come from South Africa are evi
dently of similar quality.
The enormous sum of ?6,500,000, paid
to the Northern Pacific for timber
lands, in Washington, is a present
made by the United States to specu
lators who have done nothing to earn
It There is no use to complain about
it now; but the policy was the greatest
of all possible mistakes. It was not
necessary to waste the public domain
in this way in order to get a railroad.
The Great Northern was built without
any subsidy. The government's largess,
in the case of every railroad that re
ceived it, went to greedy speculators
who gambled on it, and neither gave
nor did anything for it.
Promotion of the anti-trust confer
ence abqut to meet Is bordering on the
hysterical. Fervid appeals to "save
the country" may easily overshoot the
mark. The trusts must be rigorously
dealt with,' "there is no" doubt about
that. Yet the country is managing' to
worry along temporarily without serif
ous inconvenience, and will attend to
the trust problem in proper time. But
calamity howls of too poignant agony
will only make the howlers the object
of derision and -weariness
The railroad argument against the
Nicaragua canal now is, of course, that
the canal is eminently desirable, but
we must proceed cautiously, carefully,
deliberately and with circumspection.
Let us look deeply and at length into
the. Panama project. Let us wait as
long as possible for the new commis
sion to examine and report. This posi
tion is defended, with zeaij apd all pos
sible plausibility by the Seattle Post
Intelligencer. A correspondent wants to know "for
what reason and for why" Great Brit
ain is fighting the South African re
publics. We cannot possibly enter into
the whole question, and all the partic
ulars of the' dispute many of which
are in dispute. But for short answer
we will say that the British seem to be
fighting the Boers for the reason that
the Boers declared war on the British.
Burns reports the formation of a big
republican club, "among the nie'fcpL
Ship being several of the most promi
nent democrats of the county." Parti
sans shout "Imperialism" and ''mili
tarism," but farmers know these issues
are as hollow as the free-silver cry.
Steamship companies that disobey
the immigration acts should be brought
up with a round turn. Let us not have
one law for the friendless immigrant
nd another for the powerful corpora
tion. . mm ,
"TOM PliATT HE DONE IT."
He's te Man Who Made tho Gold
Platform.
New York Pi ess.
What In the world, has come over the
gentlemen who are disputing among them
selves as to who it was that made the
gold plank which was nailed into me re
publican platform of 1SSG? Senator Fora
ker says he is the man who did it. The
ex-Secretary of war says it isn't so. It was
the Hon. Russell A. Alger. H. H. Kohl
saat is more modest. He declares that he
Jiad a lot to do with it, but he admits that
there were others. It was done by a
party of friends of Major McKlnley. Be
sides Mr. Kohlsaat there were Mark A.
Hanna, Henry C. Payne, Senator Proctor,
Myron T. Herrick, ex-Governor Merrlam
and M. E. Stone. They were assisted and
supported by Joseph H. Manley, of Maine,
and W. Murray Crane and Senator Lodge,
of Massachusetts.
Come, come, gentlemen. Why this at
tempt to steal honors from a meek and
'modest citizen in New York? It was the
Hon. Thomas C. Piatt who did it. He was
the only man at the convention who want
ed the gold plank. He -whittled It out all
by himfeelf with his own little jackknife,
and then, with the plank under one arm,
a hammer in bis hand and his mouth full
ok nails, he climbed up on the platform,
with all the other delegates trying to pull
him down, and there, in the teeth of the
united opposition of the entire convention,
he nailed It. down nailed It so full of nails
that it looked like the steel plate of a battle-ship.
We know this is so. Mr. Piatt himself
say so. He has told about it a thousand
times. He has a hundred columns written
about it in his favorite newspaper. When
ever he, loses a republican assembly dis
trict of scalps a republican, congressman!
In New York he shouts out victoriously,
"I wrote the gold plank and I made the
convention take It against its will!" And
his favorite newspaper says, "Yes, he did."
What do the republican leaders of the
United States mean by Ignoring the claims
of the republican leader of the Mazet com
mittee? A FLEXIBLE TERM.
Contraband Means Different Thinjrs
at Different Times.
Philadelphia Press.
No goods are, in and by themselves,
free from seizure as "contraband," be
cause the essence of "contraband" Is not
cieated by the goods but by the condi
tion of war which makes possible the
hostile use, and It is hostile use which
makes contraband. For weapons, and
this extends to stretchers, saddles, belts
and all appliances of military use, in
cluding mealcnes and food so put up that
it is plainly an army ration, the presump
tion of a future hostile use is immediate
and Instant! No one questions seizure
and forfeiture m this case, though a neu
tral Hag" and a neutral port as the ap
parent destination intervene to screen the
real purpose and intent o the neutral
shipper and owner.
For other articles, the circumstances
must dec.de. Stationery is not contra
band, but the English shipowner who car
ried r stationery with a Confederate im
print put' on" In London found that such
paper was contraband. Medicine is not
contraband, but large quantities of qui
nine at a time the Confederacy was be
ing shaken worse by the ague than by
our armies was contraband. When the
Peterhoff during the CIvlJ War was seized
on Its way to Matamoras, a neutral port
which supplied the Confederacy much as
Delagoa bay Is, supplying the Boers, our
courts held that the arms on board, some
with U. S. A. on, were contraband be
cause their destination was clear, but the
food and the vessel were not contraba,! d
because the destination of the food was
not established.
The British vessels now seized are un
der British law and British control. If
they are seized by British ships while
Great Britain is at war, the neutral cargo
has a claim to damages, no more. The
Dutch vessel and its cargo are different.
Search is permissible, for war exists.
Seizure and forfeiture only come If proof
exists of the specific destination of the
flour on board to aid the hostile forces of
the Boers. A mere chance .s not suffi
cient. In one case Judge Story held that
the probability of use by a hostile popu
lation Is not enough. It must be still
more. The food must be dea ined for a
hostile fprce. Even in the cheeses con
demned by an English judge. Sir William
Scott, Lord Stowell, there was evide ce
to show that Brest, whither the cargo
was bound, had no need for cheese and
that the French navy had.
The United States has therefore a clear
duty. It has a right to insist that no
American cargo shall be forfeited un'eas
a reasonable probability exists that the
cargo, food, or other merchandise, not
munitions of war, is on its way to aid
Boer hostilities as Its final destination.
If this can be shown, forfeited such
goods must be, though under a neutral
flag and bound for a neutral port.
c
'ENGLAND IN ADVERSITY-
The LisHt 'Thrown by Adversity on
National Character.
The Outlook, Dec. 23.
Many Americans believe that the war
In South Africa is without moral justifi
cation; many more that, although Eng
lish rule In South Africa is to be desired
from every point of view; the present war
Is unnecessary; but It Is to be hoped that
no American has seen the spirit- In which
England rha,s take,n.hfetjalam.l.tle,? without,
a thrill of admiration. One of the chief
uses of great national experiences Is the
searchlight they throw on national Ideals
and character. A profound Individual
experience always brings character out In
clear and Individual lines. A man is often
lost In the rush of activity, but when
there comes some tremendous event in his
life" thd'activItlesTceaseTor a moment, and
theiman stands revealed to himself and his
fellows. In like manner, a great nation
carrying on world-wide activities sudden
ly shows its heart when a great calamity
strikes home. The CSntinental press, as
a rule, has reported with undisguised de
light the story of British disaster, treat
ing the English precisely as It treated us
at the beginning of the war with Spain,
and for precisely the same reasons: I&
norance.of our motives instinctive antag
onism between institutions which diverge
at fundamental points, and instinctive
fear of commercial competition.
The English will look to their own col
onies and"to their kin beyond the sea for
insight into their motives. They will ex
pect, as they have received, sharp criti
cism; but they will also expect, and they
will receive, recognition of the essential
qualltlesfof character which Inspire all
their enterprises: The secret of English
greatness lri adversity has perhaps never
been better expressed than by an Ameri
can. Speaking at a dinner at Manchester
62 years ago, Ralph Waldo Emerson said:
Is it not true, sir, that the wise ancients did
not praise the ship parting with flying colors
from the port, but only that brae sailer which
came back with torn sheets and battered sides,
strlpt of her banners, but ha lng ridden out the
storm? And so, gentlemen, I feel In regard to
this aged England, with the possessions, honora
and trophies, and also with the Infirmities, of a
thousand jearg gathering around her, irro
trleably committed as she now Is to many old
customs which cannot be suddenly changed:
press-ed upon by the transitions of trade and
new and all Incalculable modes, fabrics, arts,
machines and competing populations I see her
not dispirited, not weak, but -well remembering
that she has seen dark days before Indeed, with
a kind of Instinct that she peea a little better
In a cloudy day, and that In storm of battle
and calamity she has a secret vigor and a pulse
like a cannon. I see her in her old age, not
decrepit, but joung and still daring to bellee
In her power of endurance and expansion.
Expnnslon Sentiment in the South.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
In the South the tide for expansion
grows dally stronger. The latest" demo
cratic leader to pronounce against the
policy which would commit the demo
cratic party to opposition of our national
destiny Is Chief Justice Snodgrass, of
Tennessee, who, in proclaiming his can
didacy for the United States senate, says:
We have acquired the Philippines-, and I do
believe In pushing the war to a speedy end, in
establishing American authority over them and
maintaining It forever. We owe these people
protection from themselves, as well as from
despotic powers which would absorb them upon
our abandonment. From a small strip on the
Atlantic coast we have expanded. It has been
our boast that it was democratic extension.
Lately the republicans have joined In the work
and are disposed to claim credit for It as their
own policy. 1 deny it. I deny their claim and
right to put us In antagonism with our great
est policy and grandest history. They cannot
take It from us, and we cannot deny our noblest
work, and It ghes me pride to stand 3a this
platform.
Judge Snodgrass Is right The policy
of expansion is the old democratic poli
cy, which the republicans have been
shrewd enough to take up, and which
some democratic leaders are trylner to
get democrats to antagonize simply be
cause the republicans have taken It up.
Judge Snodgrass does not believe in such
short-sighted folly, nor does he believe
the democrats of Tennessee can be led
into it
- in "
Boers Are All Fighting Men Nott.
New York Press.
Under American decisions the owners of
the cargo have said good-by to it. In the
Commercen case the supreme court has
held that the formal neutrality of a port
to which .foodstuff is consigned will not
avail to prevent its capture it the cargo is
clearly Intended for the use of the cap
tor's enemy. So this Swedish vessel, bound
with a cargo of grain to the neutral port
of Bllboa, Spain, where lay a British
fleet, was adjudged lawful prize of a Yan
kee privatepr in the war of 1812. The
British fleet In front of Bllboa was not
more plainly in evidence than the Boer
army behind Lorenzo Marquez. This port
Is a broken-down Portuguese settlement
which, for its own requirements, would
not consume a cargo of American flour In
a generation. Under our own law, then,
chances for a profitable trade with the
Transvaal are complicated by a risk which
I no marine underwriters would be likely
to take. Given the destination of the
flour to the Transvaal, its contraband
character is certain. Foodstuffs become
contraband when meant to feed fighting
men, and every man in the Transvaal Is
now a fighting man.
i o '
A Phrase In History.
The celebrated dying injunction of Law
rence, "Don't give up the shlpl" has gone
into history and become fixed there as one
of the heroic utterances of patriotic com
manders. Yet we find Its authenticity ques
tioned at this late day. An aged corre
spondent, writing to the Hartford Courant
from Waterbury in Connecticut, gives this
account of Its origin. He says:
Somewhat more than 50 years ago it hap
pened to me to meet at the house of a mutual
friend a daughter of, the late Xfajor Peniamln
Russell, for many jeara editor of the Boston
J Centlnel. She was a bright. Interesting woman,
and a, brilliant raconteur, and she tcld me a
number of anecdotes of her father, who wa3 a
strongly individualized and notable character
! for a good many jeara In Boston. Among
them was the following:
The battle between the Chesapeake and the
Shannon took place just off the Massachusetts
coast, and a sailor In some way got ashore
and hurried to Boston with the news. It was
In the night, and he went straight to the Cen
tlnel office, where he found Major Russell, tc
whom lie told the story. Including the death
of Lawrence. "What were his last words?"
said the major. "Don't know," said the man.
, "Didn't he say 'Don't give up the ship' I"
"Don't know,' eald the man. "Oh, he did,"
said the major. "I'll make him say it" and he
did so much for history.
i o
Senator Stewart on Expansion.
A dispatch from Washington to the Chi
cago Inter Ocean, December 2?, says:
Senator Stewart gave expression to his
' views on territorial questions today, and
, Intimated that he would have conslder-
able to say on the subject when it Is
brought up in the senate for consldera
, tlon.
I "The less we depart from the old terri
torial system in governing our new pos
sessions," the senator said, "the les3 inno
vation we make in that system, the bet
ter we will be able to manage what wq
have acquired. That system has proved
satisfactory for years in handling all the
new territory we have secured. It ought
to be good enough for the latest acquisi
tions. "My policy Is to take all the land we
can get, and treat the people who come
with it as our children. We cannot afford
to treat some of them as stepchildren.
When we begin that we may have discord
in the family circle. I believe in ex
pansion, as already stated, and believe
that It was necessary to the good of the
country. A country which does not grow
Is like a tree which has attained Us full
growth begins to decay."
o i
Political Traffic in the "Blood of Our
Soldiers.
Salt Lake Tribune.
Two officers just returned. Major Noble
and Captain Dunning, say that all Agum
aldo and his cutthroats are waiting foi
ls to be bribed, but the same encourage
ment continues to be extended to them
from this country. The navy and army
of the United States broke the fettei3
that had been welded upon them ana
their ancestors for 300 years, and they
Were tendered the same5 freedom that
the men of the United States enjoy. But
they wanted to loot the city of Manila,
and when this was denied them they
planned a wholesale massacre of all the
white people In Manila. And they have
ever since had the warm sympathy or
Edward Atkinson, Senator Hoar and the
Salt Lake Herald. According- to the tes
timony of General Wheeler, . General
Lawton and many other officers of tne
army and navy, this sympathy has kept
them fighting and killing our soldiers.
And the meanest feature of It all Is that
the outcry is simply Intended to affect
the election of next year.
i IBP "
It Is Here to Stay.
Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser, dem.
Or course Mr. Bryan and all hfs fol
lowers will object to any law which
will insure a stable currency for this
country, but they may as well admit the
fact that such will be the law. Congress
is only doing what all civilized nations
have already done, as well as some not
altogether civilized. The gold standard la
bound to prevail throughout the financial
world, and the. United States cannot af
ford to lag behind the procession, nor
will It.
o ti
Generous Man.
Philadelphia Press.
Mrs. Youngwed You know Uncle P.'nch
er said he was going to send us some
thing that would help us save our coal
bills this year? Well, It came.
Mr. Youngwed Really? A stock of
coal?
Mrs. Youngwed No. A little arrange
ment for filing bills.
o
Revised Version.
New York World.
"Well, that's enough to try the patience
of Job," exclaimed the village minister,
as he threw aside the local paper. "Last
Sunday I preached from the text, 'Be
ye therefore steadfast,' " said the good
man; "but the printer makes it read, 'Be
ye there for breakfast' "
Hit
That Depends.
Chicago Post.
"What is the difference between a sharp
man and a smooth rascal?''
"Frequently there Is no difference. The
term depends upon whether you profit or
lose by the operations of the man in
question."
Rime o the Ancient Arffner.
Xew York Sun.
It is an ancient arguer.
And he stoppeth a college youth.
"By thy long, gray beard and glittering eye
What's up thy sleeve, forsooth?"
"The fact Is this," the ancient said.
"I want your company
Next week, old man. to celebrate
The twentieth century."
The youth, he grasped the skinny hand,
"You're rushing things," quoth he,
"You've got to wait another year
For the twentieth century."
The ancient's eye gleamed still more bright
His head was full of thought;
"Look here, my friend, let me explain,
Jan. 1, first year, was naught."
The youth, he sat with stolid face.
He could not choose but hear
The plaintive tale of centuries
And that poor long-lost year.
At last he made a break and saldr
The ancient's tale was done v
"Your argument was logical.
But I'll put up the mon.' "
Then quoth the ancient arguer
(A rlsht game sport waa he),
"And yet I hate to take you up
Upon a certainty."
Alas, alack, the Wellesiey style
He did not well divine,
The word came back: "The century ends
With 1899."
"By his gray beard and glittering eyel"
Nc-wswore the ancient's friend.
"He sets no thousand out of me,
I'll have some slight amend."
And be argued thus:
"If naught was the first year A. D.,
Then, naught was the first century;
And the century closing with this year
la the eighteenth. Money's mine, you hearJ"
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Let us he thankful that the Boer war
has not yet devastated the columns of
the magazines.
,
The bear that talks like a lamb is again
crying peace; hut he doesn't turn his voice
in the direction of Japan.
People whose New Year's resolutions
still remain unbroken can take hope. They
are ahead of the average.
Food Commissioner Bailey must remem
ber that In his campaign against bad but
ter he has a strong antagonist
In the faculty of viewing with alarm.
Aguinaldo ought by this time to be weil
fitted for a seat In the United States sen
ate. This man Wolfsohn must have an envi
able reautation for veracity when his
statement that he is not dead is discred
ited. South Africa may be the graveyard for
English generals' reputations, but thar
Is going to be a day of resurrection down
there before long.
No more reservation Indians will be al
lowed in wild West shows. Perhaps now
we shall see the real savage in the arena.
Instead of his tamed and civilized descend
ant An Austrian zookeeper who tried to run
a bluff on a den of lions was torn to
pieces. If there 13 anything in this story
that will be of benefit to Oom Paul, he is
welcome to It
One of the greatest needs of this last
year of the century Is cheap and good
champagne. There Is, of course, plenty
of cheap champagne, but it 13 not good:
on the contrary, it is very bad. There is
a laige and rapidly growing class in this
country who have or are developing cham
pagne appetites and who have only beer
Incomes, and the man who can discover
some way of furnishing good champagne
at the price of beer, will be a benefactor
to a large class of people, even if he does
not make much money out of his discov
ery. Apropos of the recent death In buttle
of General Henry W. Lawton and the
enthusiasm of the people In raising a fund
for his family Is told a civil war story of
the then Captain Lawton. While on a
short furlough In New York, he attended
the performanceof the opera "Maritana. '
The martial spirit of Don Caesar de Bazan
completely won him. The tenor was a
good one, and the young captain wa3 taken
with the solo beginning:
"Yes, let me like a, soldier fall
Upon some open field."
Captain Lawton remarked to frlend3 that
the song expressed hia sentiments exactly.
Upon his return to the field he had the
bandmaster procuro the music and arrange
it into a march, which became one 01
the favorite pieces of the regiment Tin
piece of music Is still known among the
general's friends as "Lawton's song."
All the dies used In manufacturing
United States coin3 during the year U9
from the penny to the double eagle, hav
been sent from the mlnt3 of Carson Cltj.
San Francisco and New Orleans to th
United States mint in Philadelphia, to be
destroyed as required by law. This work
was to be done yesterday, January 2. Th
work Is done under the immediate dlrec
tlon of the superintendent of the mint.
who la assisted by the assayer and chie
coiner. These officers gather In a littl.
room in the basement in which thaxe- aiv
a number, of furnaces, which are usti
only for the purpose of destroying die
Each die is thrown into a xed-hot furnac
and kept there until it Is white hot It Is
then taken out with a huge pair of tons'
and placed upon a forge, where a grea.
sledge hammer crushes It Into a mass of
steel, hearing no resemblance to its former
condition. This process Is carried on until
every die Is destroyed. It is believed that
the number of 1S99 dies to be destroyed will
exceed 1000.
Belgian hares are no new thing in the
Portland market, considerable numbers of
them having been received during the
past two years from a. man who is breed
ing them In Marlon county. Southern
California is now excited over the Bel
gian hare industry, and pure-blooded buck
hares are quoted at from 5200 to J6G0 each,
and people Imagine there is millions in
the business. The value of the hare for
food is very highly esteemed. It is said
to be free from the heavy, oily substances
found in ducks, chickens and turkeys,
and the flesh, while very nourishing, may
be taken with relish and profit by any
invalid. The hares are said to be good
to dress a pound for every month of their
age, up to six or seven months, and they
Will sell for 20 cents per pound, which is
the regular market price for turkeys. A
Los Angeles paper grows so enthusiastic
on this subject that it advocates a rab
bltry in the rear of every city lot to pro
vide food and pin money for the family,
and states that from a buck and five does
300 hares can be raised per year, and the
original stock yet remain! The Belgian
hare, as seen in the markets here, looks
as If it might be good eating for those
who like such things, but it will be a
long time before the public will prefer
them to chickens, ducks, or turkeys. They
may fill a long-felt want In countries
where game Is scarce, as In Belgium and
the region about Los Angeles, but by the
time every family In that town raises 300
bares per year In their back yards, the
hares will become as great a nuisance
as the jackrabbits, which are now In
many places on the coast collected by
being driven Into pens and slaughtered
by the thousand, to rid the country of
them.
T 1
A Sons ov the Parting Year.
S. E. Klaer In Chicago Tribune.
Good-bye. old year, good bye'.
You have not brought me wealth;
You hae not raised me high.
But you have left me healtli
Good-bye. old year, and as you go
My praises go with thee:
You leave me tolling up the hill,
I see you passing on, but still
Hope lingers here with met
Good-bye, good-bye, old year!
Tou have not made me great;
Beyond, new task3 appear.
And I must work and. wait
Good-bye, old year, but as you go
Still bear my praise away, "
Since I may toll, and, tolling, holdt
Within my breast the faith. o old.
That sights a coming day.
Good-bye, old year, good tyel '
"3Tou ba.ve not brought me (am;
You leave no honors I
Slay proudly rush to claim
Good-bye, old year yet as you leave,
O taks my praise along.
Since I may still through hopeful eyes
Perceive far-distant glorias rise
And sing a hopefuL oong.
Good-bye, good-bye. old yeart
The way Is rough before.
And strewn along the rear
Are dreams I'll dream no moret
Good-byev old year, and let me sing
Thy praise as be3t I can.
Since I am loved and still may lovo.
And elnce thou hast not robbed me o
A fair man's faith, in raaal