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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 2, 1900)
10 THE JVIOBNING OEEGONrAH, TUESDAY, . JANUARY 2, " 1900. arc: FAMOOSLANDSCAPE (Copyright. 1S89. by THE OREGONIAN'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE W.QPD'S GREAT ARTISTS Contributors to this course: Dr. John C. Van! Dkje,-r. Russell Sturgls. jr. a. X.. Frotning toam.,.$r!, -Arthur Hoetoer, Trank Fowler and other.. ' X. JOHX CONSTABUS. BY ARTHUR HOEBER. So little has the Frenchman In common with Great Britain In the matter of art it seems strange that an Englishman was more or less responsible for the great change that came over the French land scape work early In this century and made ppsslble the "Barbizon painters," as lb calleof the great school of landscape meii who started into life about the year 1E30 and which completely revolutionized the manner of work and of looking at nature then prevalent in France; but It is safe to say that had It not been for John Con stable we should have -Raited some time for such men as Rousseau, Gorot, Dau bigny, Bupre and the coterie of hrllliant Frenchmen who today are so popular and who are referred to as the "men of thirty." John Constable, who was born June 11. 1776, in East Bergholt, Suffolk county. England, was .the json of a. well-to-do mil ler, a man with plenty of intelligence and common, sense, but with little notion of the line arts. He had hoped to have his son enter the church; falling In that, ho desired him to succeed him in tnt management of the mill, and so consci entious was his child that for a year ne tried to content .himself at the trade of the father. It was not to be, however, for -the boy spent more time watching the heavens and studying cloud forma than lie did'in looking after the business, though his knowledge of -wind and storm, of weather possibilities and the like servea him in a way, it was all rather with a view of putting his observations down or canvas than of utilizing them for the turning of the great sails to produce power for the grinding 0f grain. Atier awhile he received a half-hearted permis sion to follow his artistic inclinations, ana he filled many sketch books. Throusn the assistance of some friends who were interested in him, he secured some paint ings to copy, for in those days most of the students spent considerable time In making careful transcripts of the work of other men. Drawing also the figure, he made & number of portraits, but his work in this direction was not destined to make him famous, and that which remains Is only of the most mediocre character, nor for a moment comparable with his lane scapes. It was, however, the only sort of work that paid him anything, and his people urged him to continue. Overcoming all home obstacles, how ever, he finally went to London Just at thts close of the last century, when he was 23 years of age, and he began a serious course of study In the life classes at the Boyal academy, of which the American, Benjamin "West, was president Consta ble continued meanwhile at his landscape work, and from the first saw nature In a larger, grander way than the men about hlzz. He had no patience with the pre vailing manner of painting, for most of the men were working in a niggly, highl -finished manner, giving little Impression of nature and securing almost none of her great truths. Theirs was the manner of Claude and Poussln, securing all of the faults of these masters with few of their virtues, and the pictures were composed on -conventional lines, worked out, as it were, by recipe, according to certain laws. The public liked this, or at least had been so accustomed to it that it resented any departures, hut It Is needless to say that great art is not so evolved. Early in his career Constable liad had his pictures rejected by the hanging com mittee of the Boyal academy. He felt the injustice hitterly. and on one occa sion he took a desnised canvas to the president of the institution asking him frankly if he could to tell the reason of the refusal and to give him advice as- to what to do. West received him cordially and examined the work carefully; at length he said: "Don't be discouraged, young man; we shall hear of you again: vou must have loved nature very much before you could have painted this." Constable was much encouraged by this, naturally, but for many years, although he had hotter luck with the hanging committees, his pictures came regularly back to him unsold, and had It not been for a few private patrons, particularly one stanch supporter. Archbishop Fisher, he would have had a sorry time. As it was, to make both ends meet he made copies of portraits for rich people who desired duplicates, and occasionally lie received a commission for an original portrait. Constable was tall, of fine fig ure and possessed of great strength. About the country he was known as "the handsome miller," a name that has clung to him even now, these many years after lils death. He excelled in feats of strengtn and was generally of the fine, physical, manly type of Englishman. There came, however, into his life an affair that was to cause him great anxiety and for a time to impair this splendid health and power. It was the old story, and the "woman in the case was a Miss Blcknell; she event ually became his wife, but the course of true love in this case was unusually rough. Her father, and In particular a rich uncle, violently opposed the union, for, and with justice, they thought such a match at that time quite Imprudent It was the occasion of many a heartburn, and -Constable's mother was most inter ested In her son's love affairs. Many let ters passed between the sweethearts, for mal,, idienlfied epistles, written in stately language, as was the manner then. They seem, it must be confessed, as we look at things tdday, hopelessly stiff and like ex amples from the ready letter-writer. These continued, however, many years, and fi nally love triumphed, for the pair eloped. All was soon forgiven, even the rich uncle relenting and leaving them at his death a substantial sum. Constable presently lest his father and mother, and receiving from the estate an ample sum of money, which put him bo--y.ond the neofrpot-bolling, he was ena bled henceforth to paint that which inter ested him. In 1S19 he was elected an as sociate of the Boyal academy, thoush up to that time It is doubtful If he had sold a. dozen pictures from the exhibitions. To the exhibition of 1S22 at the Britisn galleries he sent what is now considered his masterpiece, and known as "The Hay wain." It was called then "Landscape I"oon," and it came back to his studio at the close of the show unsold. Later a Frenchman bought this and two other works for the modest sum of 270, and tne owner sent It to the exhibition at Paris, then being held in the Louvre. It at onct created a sensation, being hung in the sa loon of honor, receiving a gold medal from the king. The French government of fered to buy It, but the owner refused to sell It without the other two, and the negotiations fell through. Tears after ward it came into the possession of an Englishman named Henry "Vaughan. Then there was no lack of admirers for the wort-, and he was offered for it the sum of 10,000. To Ills credit, be It said, that the offer was refused, and in 1S86 he pre sented it to the nation. It now hangs in the National gallery in London. The Frenchmen went wild over his woriiffipp-wer that is, a certain portion of "trie' public, for there were many dis cussions regarding the remarkable de parture in the landscapes of this daring Englishman. The contentions had little effect on him, however, and he continued on his way, -undisturbed either by praise or blame. He was prolific and was con stantly at work, making studies out of doors, for he had discovered how much of 'the beauty -of the landscape depended on light. While the other men of his lime, were working in their studios almost entirely and getting pictures In low keys, far away from the real thing in the open sir. he secured the scintillation of atmos PAINTER OF ENGLAND Seymour Eaton.) DIRECTED BY PROF. SEYMOUR EATON phere, the light and shade of nature, with the result that his pictures fairly shone. His greena were not the dirty, opaque tones .that were then the fashion; they had the sparkle of summer, the light of dew and the reflection of the sky. All this seems obvious and easy now; but then it v, as a different matter, and it took the public a long while to accept It. Constable paid little attention, to the les ser, unimportant details of nature. He believed in giving the big aspects of the picture. Sometimes a trifle brutal, there was nevertheless always a rugged force about his work that was impressive. He realized, too, that he was in advance of his time, but he had faith In himself. and it was his boast that posterity would recognize Ills ability. How true were his works In the field Is trie Rev. Dr. Cone's prophetic visions may be known when it "Gospel Criticism and 'Historical Chris Is seen how the picture-collecting public tlanlty." This Christian scholar, . quoting THE VALLEY FARM, (In the National struggles to get his work In these days, for his canvases bring enormous sums. During his lifetime Constable, was never In any sense a popular painter. His themes were possibly too simple to suit t the English public, accustomed to arti ficially composed pictures; or they were too artistically conceived to appeal to an all-around clientele. He was fond of de picting great masses of sky forms over simple stretches of quiet country, and he loved to paint the river Stour, which flowed past his old home. Windmills he introduced frequently into the landscape, and one peculiarity of his work was that he invariably made his preliminary study out of doors much larger than the com pleted picture, which he finished In his studio, thus reversing the usual custom of the artist Two such large studies may be seen in the Metropolitan museum of art,' in New York city: - They are called respectively, "A Lbck on the Stour" and "Valley Farm," and though they have lost some of their color In the years, they are fine, sturdy works. He used a palette knife quite freely In painting, and sometimes he kept a canvas a long while In his studio before he let It go out Into the world. It Is said that he had his famous picture. "Waterloo Bridge," some 13 years under consideration before he finally pronounced It: complete. Two of his works, "The 'Rainbow" and "Wey mouth Bridge," were presented to the Louvre. In Paris, In 1873, by a Mr. Wil son, and there are many of his pictures In the South Kensington museum and the National gallery of London. He died March SO, 1837, In London. New York City. MR. SARGENT AGAIN. Returns to tlie Chnra-e Upon Imper fections in the Scriptures. PORTLAND. Jan. 1. (To the "Editor.) I have carefully read Mr. Arthur L. Vea zle's letter in last Saturday's issue in which my letter, "Anent the Supernatu ral," Is criticised. After reading the re cent controversies carried on in your pa per between sundry divines, the courte ous tone of Mr. Veazie's letter is refresh ing. It will be remembered that my letter was an attempt to give some of the ob jections advanced by those who doubt the "supernatural in Christianity"; and; In the first place, not to show that "the gospel story is not true," but to show that there Is no other record than the gospels, I pointed out that not one of the numerous writers of the Augustan age, the age in which, according to tradition, Jesus lived, has left us a scrap of con temporary -history which records any of the wonderful things given In the gospels. Hence, we must look to the gospels alone; "but these we find full of contradictions and Inconsistencies, and, therefore, not competent to prove supernatural events. Mr. Veazie says: "The first argument is that the gospel stoiy is not true, be cause Christ is not mentioned In Cicero, Sallust, Virgil and Horace, every one of whom died before Christ was born." Waiving objection to what may be a mis understanding of my position, I freely admit that these men died before our era; but I do not know that they died before Christ was born. No living man can say with certainty when Christ was born. This is one of the greatest mys teries surrounding the whole subject. The Rev. Dr. Giles, la his very learned work, "Hebrew and Christian Records," after showing that we cannot know for cer tain the place of his birth, says: "Con cerning the time of Christ's birth there are even greater doubts than about the place; for, though the four evangelists have noticed several contemporary facts, which would seem to settle this point, yet on comparing these dates with the general history of the period, we meet with serious discrepancies, which involve the subject In the greatest uncertainty." (Vol. IL p. 189.) And again: "We have no clue to either the day or the time of the year, or even the year itself, in which Christ was born." (P. 194.) Bunsen, on the authority of Irenaeus (A. D. 190), attempts to show that Jesus was born somB 20 years before our era; and, according to Basnage, the Jews place his birth near 100 years earlier, and oth ers have placed the event as early as the third century B. C, founding their be lief on a passage in the "Book of Wis dom" wilch they say refers to "Christ Jesus, and none other," and was written yfitL about 250 B. C. It would be" Interesting to know Mr. Veazle's authority for his assertion. As to the .spurious mentions' in Josephus I and Tacitus, they are entirely immaterial SecJiSffiff'stetntS ta?he I pels, nor attempt to prove 'any supernat ural event. My critic devotes much space in at tempting to answer what he is pleased to call "Mr. Sargent's alleged contradic tions." But they were not "my contra dictions." Every one of them, and many more, are pointed out and conclusively established in the works of Bible schol ars of world-wide reputation; men who have compared the old Greek and He brew and oher texts, and in a reverent but honest spirit have discovered and published truths which have done Chris tianity Inestimable service in sweeping away the useless rubbish with which It has been befogged. To some of these let us turn. One. of , the most lucid and judicial of recent BY CONSTABLE. Gallery.) approvingly from Dr. Wescott, tells us that the New Testament shows too many marks of human frailty to( admit o& the pious sentiment wlnci accepts tne early texts as the immediate work ofv Prov" dence "The text Itself," he continues, "contains palpable and admitted errors. . . . The conclusion is obvious, and It Is superstition rather than reverence which refuses to apply to the service of Scripture the laws which have restored so much of their native beauty to other ancient writings." (P. 22.) Another reverent and honest work is ''The New Bible and Its New Uses," by the Rev. Joseph Henry Crooker. An emi nent authority, speaking of this writer, says he possesses "good sense and criti cal judgment combined with genuine rev erence and piety." Referring; to the so called "resurrection," Mr. Crboker says:. "The ortly' element common to all the gos pels Is the statement that the sepulcher was found empty. In all other respects there are either differences or positive contradictions." And again: "In the midst of so much Indeflnlteness, confusion and contradiction, It is Impossible to tell what really occurred." (See appendix.) My critic would attempt with one fell swoop, to destroy all the results of mod ern historic and literary, criticism. BuU the good work has gone too far. Many devout persons have, cpme to feel thaf the ethical teachings of their Master are made a thousand times more beautiful by rescuing them from the myth and le gend with which credulity and pious fraud have surrounded them. With the great mass of intellectual Christendom, the su- pernatural is dead and gone forever. One of America's greatest historians and edu cators, Andrew D. White, now our am bassador at Berlin, in his late history, says that "all Bible scholars of any standing" have come to admit that the gospels were a legendary growth, Inherit ing "ideas and even narratives from older religions," and that "to this growth process are due certain contradictions which cannot otherwise be explained." Hundreds of other Christian scholars might be cited to the same effect. How can any man of common sense and honest mind look these facts in the face, and say there are no contradictions in the gospels? I submit that to do so re quires the blind and unstaggerlng faith of the late Rev. Mr. Moody, who de clared that "if the Bible had said that Jonah swallowed the whale, he would be lieve every word of it!-' But as there are many without this, blind; and unstaggerlng faith, who clearly see the Irreconcilable contradictions, to them the question pre sents itself with irresistible force, kWhat is their value as evidence when they re cord the supernatural? Since they can not all be true, the answer Is obvious, "A witness false In one part of his testi mony is to be distrusted In others." (See Greenleaf on "Evidence") v Mr. Veazie concludes his very Interest ing letter as follows: - w , "Finally, If any one is troubled by the argument that the biblical account of cre ation is a rehash of the old Babylonian account the best thing for him to do is to read the latter, given In Professor Sayce's book, 'The Higher Criticism and the" Monuments' which can be found in the Portland library compare It with the Bible account, and then dismiss his fears." I am Indeed delighted that my friend recognizes in the Rev. Professor Bayce an authority on this question and surely there is none higher but has he not made that most disastrous mistake of calling to the stand his opponent's best witness? I have the work before me. Hero is a long chapter entitled "The Babylonian Element in Genesis," and at page 24 this renowned archaeologist says: "We are just beginning to realize that the fragments of Hebrew literature con tained in the Old Testament are the wrecks of a vast literature which extend ed over the ancient Oriental world," S'nce, then, on the authority selected by Mr. Veazie, the Bible account of cre ation Is a part of the "wrecks" of the literature of tha ancient Oriental world and there can be no doubt of it there fore, if Mr. Veazie is attempting to "dish up" the Bible account In any other re spect than as an ancient myth, it Irre sistibly follows that U is" a "rehash" if not of the old Babylonian account, at least of the old account of the- ancient Oriental world. What, then, Is. it worth as a matter of "revelation"? H.. K. SARGENT. B f "Good nature pays." You can be in good humor and good health If you take Hood's Sarsaparllla. NEW ENTERPRISES STARTED Olf ' THE COUNTY LAST YEAR, , Trade of Southwestern Oreson Goes to San Francdsco Chance for Portland Enterprise. Curry cdunty shared last year the gen eral revival of business manifest In all channels of trade. New -enterprises were inaugurated. Large numbers of families have .come to make their homes in the county. Many large tracts of wild. land have been cleared and seeded to tame grasses for grazing or made ready for the plow. Stock and dairy ranches have been greatly enhanced In value by the growing demand for livestock and dairy produce. Products of every kind find a ready mar ket at remunerative prices. Business- has advanced In every line. Dairying Increased remarkably last year .throughout the entire length and breadth of the county. The sections where dairy ing is carried on most extensively are Chetco.-in the extreme southern part of the county; and that portion of the county lying near the coast north of Port Orford. Four creameries aren operation in North ern Curry. In the dairying season teams: are kept on the road almost constantly, conveying the product of creameries and dairies to the shipping points from which places steamers make regular trips to Han Francisco. The increase in the output last yeai was about 25 per cent. .Two new creamer.es will be built in 1900, one near Port Orford and the other near Langlols, the center of the dairying dis trict Three cooper shops supply the local demand for butter barrels and boxes. Dairymen who have come here from Hum boldt county, Cal., say that the future of this county for dairying Is bright. They say that the quality of the Curry county product Is as good as that of California, and that it can be shipped from Port Or ford to San Francisco 25 cents less per box than from Eureka, Cal. Large Sales o Livestock. The livestock Industry In 1899 was bet ter than for many years past. Cattle and sheep have been bought up by out side dealers, and driven out of the country. In consequence the number of cattle and sheep has greatly decreased. These Im mense droves of stocks have been pur chased principally for Eastern markets by speculators who paid fair prices. Several shipments of swine have also been made, buyers taking almost the entire surplus droves, which they disposed of in San Francisco. The investment was found a paying one, and this year will show a marked Increase In the Industry. The ex ports of livestock from the county for the year are estimated, at 4000 head of cattle, 6000 sheep and 1500 head of swine. The salmon pack of R, D. Hume's can nery at Rosue river this year was le33 than for marfy years past The spring and fall runs of salmon were very small. Mr. Hume attributes this to the fact that salmon hatcheries have-not been kept in operation on the river In recent years. He has made arrangements to overcome this scarcity of fish, and has constructed a hatchery which -will run out from 6,000, 000 to 8,000,000 young salmon por year. This new hatchery Is said to be (he only one owned and operated by private capi tal. Mr. Hume recently shipped 1,000,000 salmon eggs from Upper Rogue river to his propagating station In this county, by way of San Francisco. With two hatch eries on the river, one at "Wedderburn, in this county, and the other on the upper river, Mr. Hume is of the opinion that in a few years the salmon will be as num. eroua as In the days previous to the ad vent of the salmon industry on this South ern Oregon stream. The Bell Telephone Company recently constructed a line Into this county, con necting Wedderburn, Port Orford and other points with Bandon, In Coos county, and also placing us in communication with the outside world. Curry county now has over 57 miles of telephone line, and there is a probab'llty that the line will be ex tended to California this year. Opportunities for Portland Enter prise. Our commercial relations, like those ol Coos county, are almost entirely with Cal ifornia. Our produce is shipped to San Francisco, and we" receive our groceries and dry goods from that source. About three-fourths of the flour consumed in Curry county comes from the mills of California, and the remainder from Port land and Benton mills,, coming to us by way of Coos bay. The Copper Queen, a gasoline boat of several tons burden, own ed by E. B. Burns, of Rogue river, has been put on the local coasting trade. She made her first voyage last fall. She will make regular trlpa from Coos bay to Rogue river, calling at Coquille and Port Orford. Some enterprising Portland firm would undoubtedly find It a paying Invest ment to put on a coasting steamer, which would extend Its trips as far south as Port Orford, competing w th California merchants and shipping companies for the growing trade of these coast counties. The production of butter, cheese, livestock, wool, fruit and many other necessaries of life Is growing .n importance year after year, and is worthy of the attention of Oregon merchants. Theymlght turn this vast trade to Portland, where it rpally belongs, instead.of its being controlled en tirely by the merchants of San Francisco. " Perhaps one of the greatest resources of Curry county Js- the vast quantity of mer chantable timber. It is estimated that there are no less than 400 square miles of the best quality of timber in the county. The largest body is on Sixes river, be ginning about 12 miles from Port Orford and extending in an almost unbroken for est to the boundary line between this county and Coos It consists principally of Oregon pine, with extensive groves of Port Orford cedar, which are about the only large bodies of this kind of timber now available, the mills of Coos having almost exhausted the once magnificent groves of cedar In the Coquille and Coos bay districts. As this valuable timber ex ists only In Coos and Curry counties, and the demand for it Is rapidly increasing, the virgin forests of the Sixes country must soon succumb to the sharp ax of the lumberman. Beach Mining;. Black-sand deposits, bearing fine beach gold, are found along almost the entiro seacoast of the county, and many are found inland, a distance of 10 or 12 miles from the beach. These Inland mines are evidently deposits left by the receding ocean in ages long past. Some of them are found at an elevation of over 1000 feet above the sea level. In early days beach mining was carried on extensive ly, but of late years only a few mines remain that can be worked to advantage, although there are many places where a man could make wages in winter, when the heavy seas strip the driftwood and white sand from the beach, leaving littlo but black sand, and gold. Placer mining oa river bars is carried on quite exten sively on Sixes. Rosue river and their tributaries, and every winter large num bers of men who have no other employ ment during the rainy season make their living with pick, shovel and pan, working over the old bars along these streams, although they have been worked and re worked for oyer 40 years. A rough esti mate of the annual output of gold from Curry county would place it at no less than $60,000. JLar&e Area of Timber. One of the leading undeveloped re sources of Curry county Is a- gigantic vein of coal, 107 feet thick, situated, on Sixes river, about 25 miles from Port Or ford. Coal was 'knowrt to exist in that vicinity 30 years ago, but it was supposed to be of poor quality; Tunnels and cross cuts, have been run during the past year jiJ,orerr to 'ascertain the extent of the vein, and., the results ore, to say the east, flattering. A government geologist who visited that section last year pro nounced the coal of superior-quality. The natural and only outlet for this coal to a shipping-point is by railroad, which could be constructed on an easy grade to Port Orford "harbor, a distance of 25 .miles, at which place It could be loaded from bunkers Into the ships. Port Orford, Or. W-. H. WILSON. A PLEASED READER. "Whose Reflections May' Set Others to Thinking. The Oregonian prints so many letters of unfriendly criticism that it Is Inclined to make room for one of, another sort It is from a reader at Seattle, who writes spe cifically "not for publication"; but his re marks on the subject! treated are such that they may do some good with thought ful readers. Our Seattle reader says: "I want to state distinctly that this com munication Is not for publication, but Is called forth by four lending editorials in The Oregonian of December 30, viz.: "For the Higher Morality," "Necessity Knows No Law," "English vs. American Law" and a "Sound Conclusion," each and every one of which merit the undivided support of all thinking intelligent men. - "I believe that an Intelligent, untram meled press, free from bigotry, Is the greatest blessing of the 19th century, and It Is. refreshing to see an editorial that states facts and draws conclusions there from unbiased by prejudice and dictated by reason and justice. We are, unfor tunately, forced to listen at times to so called orators and leading (?) men whose talk would disgrace the intelligence of an orang-outang, and who apparently have a following, for instance, those "Who say we should withdraw and leave the Philip pines to their fate, and those who wish for the downfall of. Great Britain. "It seems Incredible In this day of public education, free libraries, and the general intelligence of the masses, that such doc trines would even be countenanced let alone be followed. England has been the leader In civilization the world over, and while she has made some mistakes (what government has not?) whtrever her flag files It has been a. blesslng, and to her we owe a large measure of our prosperity and intelligence. It Is well to remember that the English-speaking people are lov ers of liberty (not license) and In a large measure our Independenco was secured by Englishmen who were openly In sym pathy with the colonies, and that since that date her policy toward colonies has radically changed, and today they are bound to her only by ties of affection and are as free In every material respect as ourselves. "So will It be In course of time with the Philippines, when- they have reached the point when they will be capable of self-government Until then, the voice of con science, justice and reason demands that our authority be unquestioned, and that it be maintained at any cost, and rfs long as the rich red blood of America's manhood courses in the veins of her young men just so long will that authority be up held and the party who opposes go down In defeat "Keep the good work up, and may all tho blessings of the new year be with you In the good work your views bravely expressed and In line with the best thought of our country give encouragement to those of us who believe In the Greater United States." c . WILL BUILD MANY BOATS. Great Activity Shorrn In East Side ' Boat Yards. Within a few days there will be great activity at the boat yatds of Joseph Sup-, pie and J. S. Johnston, on the East Sldo. At the Supple yard two crafts will be set up at onpe. One will be a tug for Frlez Bros. It will be 60 feet long. For this craft the knees have already been cut out, and are of oak. The frame will be set up in the south side of the yard, so that there will be room for the new propeller Mr. Supplo will build for The Dalles, Portland & Astoria Navigation Company, for which he has just secured the contract The new propeller will be a beauty, and will combine both speed and convenience. It will be 140 feet long. 19 feet breadth. 6 feet 6 Inches deep, and will bo fully 20 feet longer and one foot wider than the Flyer. Mr. Supple has a minia ture model of the boat In his office, and the difference from that of the Flyer Is apparent, in that the stern will extend over the water, while the screw will be well un der. A Case wheel will be- used. The engines of the Flyer will be used, but larger boilers will be put In. Tho cabin and deck appointments are elegant and attractive. Mr. Supple says that he will soon have a large force of men at work on bath these craft, and for sev eral months the yards w.ll be full of ac tivity. At "the Johnston yard the flno tug for the Columbia mills, at Knappton, is fin ished and ready for the machinery, which has been slow in coming. Part has ar rived and will be put in the tug, when she will be launched. Mr. Johnston has two large stern-wheel steamers to build at once. One 'will take the place of the Go ernor Newell and the other one Is for the Hosford Bros. For the first one, which will be 130 feet "long, the frames hao been cut out and are ready to be set up at once in the yard. For the Hosford boat the frames for the hull, which will be 130 feet long, are nearly all ready. 1I Johnston will cut away most of the dock that takes up the north side of his yard to make room for these new steamers. Ho also has another steamer in prospect, but does not count on it until he has the con tract. Mr. Johnston, who is an old-time Portland boat builder, says that the out look for activity In that line Is very en couraging. He has enough work now in sight to keep his yard full and busy for several months to come. t e ' Metal for the Medals. PORTLAND. Dec. 31. (To the Editor.) The "Volunteer" from Oregon City, who is somewhat critical as to the source from which the material for the proposed med als is to be obtained. Is not well informed as to the facts. Suppose, for instance, one member of the regiment should not only offer, but insist, on furnishing from his own numerous trophies from the Phil ippines sufficient material for the medals would this be "like a man's wife asking him for $10 with which to buy him a pres ent"? The members of the Second Oregon will not be asked to "contribute their trinkets to the melting-pot." Only those who have cheerfully offered .to do so will be thus favored. Several members have, I understand, generously offered three times as mucn material as will be required, and medals made from the bronze actually captured and brought home by the regiment Itselr should be regarded as of more value by Its members than if obtained from any other source. As the medals will be absolutely free to the volunteers, It should not worry the Oregon City volunteer to any great ex tent, since he will not be asked to "con tribute his trinkets to the melting-pot." In other words, his wife will buy hl3 Christmas present and pay for It out of her own funds, without calling on him for a single "trinket." PORTLAND VOLUNTEER. 3 o t Practical Charity-" Philadelphia Record. A home for destitute children has been opened by tho W. C. T. U. at Port Eliza beth. Efforts are being made to make the lives of the little ones as natural and home-like as possible., The home has been built chiefly ouCofj the profits from tho' sale of temperance drinks at sports and agricultural shows, where the W. C. T. U. booth Is very popular, NEW - COMMONWEALTH ANOTHER ANGLO-SAXON NATION TO BE BORN IN THE PACIFIC. Trvo-Thlrds of the Colonies of Aus. trhlirt and Tasmania. Have A1 m ready Agreed on Union. It is now reasonably certain that the last year of the century will see the pollt cal birth of another new Anglo-Saxon nation In the Pacific, says Hugh H. Lusk In the Forum. After an agitation which has gone on for the last eight years with various fortunes, but on the whqle with steadily Increasing Intensity, the party of union haa. finally triumphed In four out of tha six colonies occupying the island continent of Australia, and Its adjacent Island of Tasmania. As yet. It Is true, ihe two large colonies of Queensland and West Australia, Which occupy the extreme ends of the great island, have not given in the'r adhesion to the new arrange ment; but this will-not delay the comple tion of the federation, to wlilch will be given legal recognition as soon as the imperial parliament meets In its next ses sion at Westminster. It Is rather more than probable that before the act can be passed the people of Queensland will have dee'ded, by referendum vote, that they also will join as partners In the new Aus tralian commonwealth; and it is possible. though at present less probable that West Australia will do likewise. In any case It can hardly be, more -than a ques tion of a few years until both these colonies take advantage of the provision made in the commonwealth act for their subsequent inclusion. Should Queensland take part In the original federation, tho commonwealth will start with nineteen twent eths of the Inhabitants of Australia; should both West Australia and Queens land for the present stand aloof, nearly six-sevenths of the people of the Pacific continent will be included under tne new government It is scarcely an exaggeration to say that the close of the century will wlt- f ness no more Important political event than that of the establishment of the i new federation. The event will. It Is true. present norte of the more startling, and therefore attractive, features we are ac customed to look for In events generally esteemed of leading Importance in tho political history of the world; and to be fully appreciated. It may, for that reason require a closer scrutiny than many people are in the habit of giving to such mat ters. We are apt to connect the birth of nations with revolutionary wars and dec larations of Independence; and there 13 an old Idea which connects with the roar of cannon and the clash of arms all polit ical events of far-reaching importance. The federal union of the Anglo-Saxon col onies of Australia has none of these at tractions to offer. It has not even the. distinction of being tho formal inaugura tion of a new sovereign state of adding one mbre to the recognized governments of the world. There will be no severanco ofj, the ties that bind Australia to Great Brit ain; no formal change In the relations of the governments; and yet, In reality, the establishment of the Pacific common wealth -will mean vastly more both to Eng land and to the rest of the world than any political event that has occurred for sev eral decades. Glass Houses, Etc. INDEPENDENCE, Or., Dec. 29. (To the Editor.) The remarks made by Congress man Tongue . recently in relation to the currency bill, as published In The Ore gonian of the. 17th Inst, are very gratify ing to all sound-money men of all parties and somewhat amusing to gold-standard democrats. It is gratifying to know that Oregon has at last a congressman who has the abil ity and courage to advocate the gold standard publicly. It Is also gratifying to see the perfidy and dishonor of a laTge portion of tne democratic party during President Cleve land's last administration and on dowi to the present time exposed to public gaze. But that Mr. Tongue should do it, makes it amusing. Now let us stir up Mr. Tongue's record on the money question with a long stick and see how that looks. Did Mr. Tongue ever advocate the Idiotic idea of coining tho home product of si:- Iver? Oh, no! of course not Did Mr. Tongue, as chairman of a committee on platform and resolutions in the republican state convention of 1S9G, draw up and present a report excluding a gold plank? Oh, no! of course not. Did Mr. Tongue vote in said convention against a minor ity report, which did include a gold standard plank? Oh, no! of course not Now, when Mr. Tongue was throwing everything he could In the way of the gold standard, was he egreglously Ignorant on the money question, or was he advocat ing a vicious policy knowingly? i M. A. BAKER. Those little kernels in the neck I Has your child ever had them? You know some times they swell, become painful, soften, and end in a scar. Give such a child just as soon as the kernels appear. The little swell ings will grow less and less and soon will disappear alto gether. Continue the Emul sion until the child has good flesh and a healthy color. 50c. and Sr.oo, alldrugs'ts SCOTT & BOW.NE, Chemists, Ner York. Gupo Indigestion, Stele Hcadacha 10 cents and 2? cents, at all drner stores. agiTTi.-acTCT'CTrjCTCTni.'.i..ji.Tii1 "'VyTHn,'n"nT7,S WRIGHT'S INDIAN VEGETABLE PILLS Are acknowledge by thousands of peasons who have used them tor over forty yeara to care a SICK .HEADACHE. GIDOINES3. CONSTIPA TION. Torpid LKer, Weak Stomach. Pimple AW ?urtfy tfys bjqod,, 3 The California Missions were tounded in fej I the healthiest parts of th State. San Ml- S; e ruel MIton was locitei fn the beautiful g gj Salinas Valley, not far fro-n Paso Robles g Hot Sprn:;s. The climrte Is drv. warm g Fj nrd Invigorating- Hot Mineral Mud ard g R Sulphur Springs, bubble up in abundance to p HI heal the sick to keep the healthyalway so E E Pullman cars td door. Write for booklet. E OTTO E. NEVER, Pro. Paso Robles, Cat. Fsagggsy ijusm;' !f..",w,?w, jssssszszsxxa THE PALATIAL OREGONIAN Wl Wot a dnrls office in the bailtlliisi absolutely fireproof: electric llht i and. artesian xvatcr; perfect sanita tion and thorough ventilation. Ele vators run- day and nlsutt Rooms. ABRAMS, W. R.. Cashier Mutual Ufa, 400 ANDERSON". GUSTAV. Attorney-at-Laflr....SI ASSOCIATED PRESS; E. L. Powell. Mgt ...SOU BANKERS LIFE ASSOCIATION, of Dos Moines. la.; C. A. AlcCargar. Stats' Asenc.302 3 .BEHNICE. H. W.. Prtn. Pernio Shorthand School ... .................... 211 BENJAMIN. R. W.. Dentiat.. 314 BINSWANGER, DR. O. S.. Phys. & Sur..ll-4U BRUERE. DR. G. E.. Pnyalclaa.... .412-413-414 BfrSTEED. RICHARD. Plug Tobacco Bai aW CAUKIN. G. E.. District Agent Travelers Insurance Co ..,.. .....713 CARDWELL. DR. J. B... Z0(l CLARK. HAROLD. Dentist 3U CLEM, E. A. &. CO.. Minlne Propertles...515 5. J COLUMBLV TELEPHONE COMPANT 604-605-606-007-013-614 013 CORNELIUS, a W.. Phys. and Surgeon 20J COVER. P. C. Ca3hler Equitable Life 3011 COLLIER. P. P.. Publisher; S. P. McGulre. Manager ...... ........ ...415-11 3 DAY. J. G &L N 313 DAVIS. NAPOLEON, President Columbia Telephone Co.... COT DICKSON. DR. J. F.. Physician 713-TH DRAKE. DR. H. B.. Physician ...012-513 5.4 EDITORLVL ROOMS.... Eighth t'jor EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETT. L. Samuel. Manager; F. C Cover. Cashie- 3M EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Alder street FALLOWS. MRS. M. A., Manager Women's Dept. Mutual Reserve Fund Life, of New Yorlc .. ..603 FENTON. J. D., Physician and Surgeon.,509 310 FENTON. DR. HICKS C. Eye and Ear.. ....311 FENTON. MATTHEW F.. Dentist. 303 FIDELITY MUTUAL LIFE ASSN: E. C. Stark. Manager ..............301 FOREST. MRS. E. R Purchasing Agent... .71. FRENCH SCHOOL (by conversation); Dr. A. Muzzarellt, Manager ............ .........700 GALVANL W. H., Engineer and. Draughts man. ...........600 GEARY. DR. EDWARD P.. Physician and Surgeon ..212-213 GIESY. A. J.. Physician, and Surgedn....709 7.J GODDARD, E. C. i CO . Footwear, ground floor ..129 Sixta s.r2e. GOLDMAN. WILLLVM. Manager Manhatta- Llfe Insurance Co.. of New York.... ..203 21 1 C i RANK S.. Attorney-at-Law..,....caT GRENIER. MISS BEATRICE, Dentist 7 HAMMOND. A. B. ....31J HEIDLNGER. GEO. A. &. CO.. Pianos and Organ 131 Six 1 C HOLLISTER. DR. O. C. Phys. & Surg.. .504 5u3 KADY, MARK T.. Manager Pacific North west Mutual Reserve Fund Ltfo Asaa .604-603 LAMONT. JOHN. Vice-President and Gen eral Manager Columbia. Telephone Co..... 603 UTTLEFIELD, H. R., Phys. and Surgeon. 2t)J MACRUM. W. S.. Sec Oregon Camera Club .21 1 MACKAY, DR. A. E., Phys, and Surg... .711 71 J MAXWELL. DR. W. E.. Phys. & Surg.. 701 2 ., McCARGAR. C A.. State Agent Bankers' Life Association 502 Z":Z McCOY, NEWTON. Attorney-at-Law 715 McFADEN. MISS IDA E.. Stenographer 2W McGINN, HENRY E.. Attorney-a:-Law .311 -U McKELL. T. J.. Manufacturers' Representa tive ... .....................301 MILLER COLLECTION AGENCY 3E. MILLER. DR. HERBERT C. Dentist an.. Oral Surgeon ............ ....008 CC0 MOSPMAN. DR. E. P.. Dentist 312 313 5 l MANHATTAN LIFE mSURANCE CO. o New York, W. Goldman, Manager... ...2u2 2Z: McELROY, DR. J. G . Phys. Surg 701-7U2 705 McFARLAND, E. B., Secretary Columbia Telephone Co.... ............C : McGUIRE. S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier. Publisher 413 J.t McKIM. MAURICE. Attorney-at-Law Z MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO . of New York: Wm. S. Pond, State Mgr.....404-tu3-40t MUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASS'N M. T. Kadyi Mgr. Pacific Northwest.... C04 OCu NICHOLAS. HORACE B . Attorney-at-Law. .713 NILE3. M. L.. Cashier Manhattan Life In surance Co.. of New York................ 200 OREGON LNFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATH?, DrL. B. Smith. Osteopath 409-4UO OREGON CAMERA CLUB ..4 ..214-215-2Ii-2aT PERNIN SHORTHAND SCHOOL: H. W Behnke, Prhi .....211 POND. WM. S , State Manager Mutual Life Ins. Co. of New York 404-403-400 PORTLAND E5TE AND EAR INFIRMARY.. Ground floor. 133 Sixth. sree PORTLAND PRESS CLUB ...71J PROTZMAN EUGENE C. Superintendent Agencies Mutual Reserve Fund Life, of New York CH PUTNAM'S SONS. G. P.. Publishers 313 QUIMBY. L. P. W.. Game and Forestry Warden ....... 716-717 REED & MALCOLM. Opticians. .133 Sixth street REED. F. C. FU1! Commissioner... ....407 SAMUEL. L.. Manager Equitable LIfo......,3oa SANDFORD. A. C. & CO.. Publishers' Agts. 313 SCRIBNER'S SONS. CHAS.. Publishers; Jesse Hobson. Manager...... 313-316-517 SHERWOOD. J. W.. Deputy Supreme Com mander. K. O. T. M nir SMITH. DR. L B.. Osteopath .....40S-40D SONS OF THE AMERrCAN REVOLUTION .500 STARK. E. C. Executive Special. Fidelity Mutual Life Association of Phila.. Pa..,.,. 30! STARR & COLE. Pyrography 402 STUART. DELL. Attorney-at-Law... 615-616 G. STOLTE. DR. CHAS, E.. Dentist.. 704-703 STRONG. F. H. & G. M.. General Agents Union. Central Life Ins. Co 40C-403 SURGEON OF THE 3. P. RY. AND N. P TERMINAL, CO 700 STROWBRIDGE. THOS H.. Executive Spe clat Agent Mutual Life, of New York. ... 409 SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE . 201 TUCKER. DR GEO. F.. Dentist 010 611 UNION CENTRAL LIFE INS. CO.; F H & G. M. Strong Agents 402-401 II. S. WEATHER EUREATJ.... 006-007-003-OC3 U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS. 13TH DIST.. Captain W. C. Langfltt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A... ...r .303 U S ENGINEER OFFICE. RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS. Captala W. C Langfltt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A....s:o WALKER. WILL H.. President Oregon Camera. Club 214-215-2.6 217 WEATHERRED. MRS. EUYTH. Grand" Sec retary Native Daughters 716-717 WHITE. MISS L. E.. Ass't Sec Oregon Cam era Club 2' WILSON. DR. EDWARD N.. Phys. & Sur 304 3 WILSON. DR. GEO F.. Phys. & Surg ..706 7.7 WILSON. DR. HOLT C Phys. & Surg . 307 31 WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician 412-41-4.1 WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELEPH. CO 613 A fe-tv more decant ofRces may b bad by applying: to Portland Trust Company ol drecon, 100 Third at., as to tlae rent clerk in tbe bnlldlnar. .MEN NO CURE, NO PAY THE MuuEk. APPLIANCE A posit ay to perfect tnanrj,.d. Eiery thing else fails. The VACUUM TREAT MENT CURES you without medic ne ct all nervous or diseases of the generative orgars. such as lost manhood, exhausting drains ar ;: ceje, Impnteney. etc. Men are quickly restored to pertect health and strength Write for circulars. Correspondence confiden tial. THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO , room 47-43 Sara Deposit building, Seattle, W4r