THE MOKNINO- OBEG03SfIA2f, TUESDAY, tfEBKUAlHe 19, 18&5
Sattred at the Postofflce at Portlaad, Oregon,
as second-class matter.
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DAILT METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
PORTLAND. Feb. 18. 8 P. 31. Mirtanm
temperature, SS: malmnm temperature. 47;
height ol river at 11 A. M.. 3.0; change in the
past 24 hours. 0 4; precipitation today. 0.0;
precipitation from September 1. 1894 (wet sea
son), to date 19.97; average. 3L14: deficiency.
11 17. number hours o sunefelne Monday, 0:05;
possible number, 10:31.
WEATHER SYNOPSIS.
A slight but general fall In the barometer has
taken place over alll the Pacific coast states
since this morning; while east of the Roeky
mountains the barometer has risen, indicating
the passage eastward of the area of low pres
sure, which was central over the Dakotas 12
hours ago. The highest pressure continues over
Xevada, Utah and Idaho. While there are no
wcll-deflned storm conditions present tonight.
yet, owing to the fact that the barometer !s
lower over Wabblngton than over Oregon, light
rains may be looked for in Washington and In
the Uorthwestern portion of Oregon tomorrow.
WEATHER FORECASTS.
Porecats made at Portland for the 24 hours
ending at midnight February 19:
Ft Oregon Light rain and stationary temper
ntnre in wwRcrn portion, except cooler at Rose
burg, and fair, with stationary temperature, in
ci'tf rn portions; southerly winds, brisk to high
en the coast.
Fir Washington Light rain and stationary
tf ropefcature in the western portions, and cooler
In the eastern portions, with fresh to brisk
toutherly windii and moderate gales on the
coast.
For Idaho Fair weather and stationary tem
perature, with light to fresh westerly winds.
F' r Po-tland and vicinity Light rain and sta
ti nary temperature, with fresh to brisk south
erly winds.
B. S. PAGUE. Local Forecast OfllciaU
PORTLAAD. TUESDAY, FEB. 10.
GEORGE H. "WILLIAMS.
The Oregonian would be delighted to
see Judge "Williams elected to the sen
ate. He is one of the truest men in the
world. He is a man of great ability,
of excellent judgment, and of sound
Principles. On all points he is in accord
with the essential principles of the rc
jublican party. He believes in main
taining the best standard of money; he
is a man of too much breadth, judg
ment and knowledge of affairs to toler
ate for ono moment the Idea of com
mitting the United States to independ
ent free coinage of silver, or to any of
the absurdities of fiat money; he is a
believer in the doctrine of a judicious
protective tariff, and he has rare and
exceptional ability to maintain the
principles that his judgment approves.
Judge Williams is a statesman.
He is a republican of republicans. It
is known that he is not seeking the
eenatorship, but if he were elected we
think he would not decline it.
Circumstances have made Mr. Dolph
the republican candidate at this time.
But this is not a personal matter. The
opinions and principles of Judge' "Willi
iams and .of Mr. Dolph on all import
ant matters very closely agree. It
would be impossible, perhaps, to find
two men whose views as to subjects of
present Importance more nearly coin
cide. Any one who has long intimately
known them both might say, indeed,
that Mr. Dolph is a political disciple of
Judge Williams. From no other man
has Mr. Dolph learned so much of the
true principles of politics, finance and
government. Judge Williams has been
an oracle and model for him, as well
as for many others, including the edi
tor of The Oregonian, these many
years.
Judge Williams is a man of generous
nature and firm friendships, but he has
as little effusiveness as Mr. Dolph. By
those who do not know him, he is
thought cold, distant and austere, but
this character is really as foreign to
him as the like character is to Mr.
Dolph. The two men as closely resem
ble each other at all points as disciple
and master possibly could. Not be
cause of this close resemblance and
similarity, which, however, is really
remarkable to those who know the
two men, but because The Oregonian
knows that Judge Williams is right and
Brand on all important questions, and
especially on subjects of money and
firanc?, this journal would be delighted
tj see him elected to tne senate. Be
sides, he is a man that no clique or
fartion could use; and they who should
ote for him under the impression that
there would be "something in it" for
themselves in the distribution of of
fices, or otherwise, would surely be mis
taken. The Oregonian not enly would
Put be disobliged by the election of
Judge Williams, but, contrary, would
rejoice to witness it For Judge Will
iams is a man of national reputation;
he is sound on money and finance, and
sound on tariff, and sound on the pol
icy of Internal improvements and com
mercial development. But The Orego
nian fears that those who are voting
f jt him are not voting with sincer
ity. It would, however, like to see
them put to the test. Then we should
either have a good man for senator, or
unmask a cheap hypocrisy.
Rev. John X. Denison, of this city,
preached a practical sermon Sunday on
"Crime and Its Penalty," in which he
took th unusual position in the pulpit
that the age has grown altogether too
humane in its methods of dealing with
criminals and too gentle in the admin
istration of penalty. He declared that
punishment should be penal, rather
than reformat ory. and, warming with
his subject, added: "I have no hesi
tancy at all in advocating the whipping
post, the treadmill and the stocks for
certain crimes that are growing com
rion among us." When an orthodox
minister -drops the subject of punish
ment after death for deeds done in the
bodj- stops urging vicarious atonement as
a. means of escape, and advocates strict
person&J accountability and its attend
ant pefaalty for wrong-doing in this life,
he niay be said to be on the high road
cf progress. Perhaps, in assuming this
new position. Mr. Denison has spoken
too strongly, hut it cannot be denied
that he had great provocation in the
recent ucts of Bev. J, C. Read and Dr.
Gaff, one of whom disgraced a high
calling by essaying the role of bank
robber, and the other of whom prosti
tuted a noble profession to base uses.
The old method of clerical procedure in
such cases was to exhort such bold and
indecent sinners to repent, that they
might have an Inheritance with the an
gels; the new is to hold them strictly
accountable, that society may be pro
tected from their rapaclousness, and
common decency be vindicated. All of
which may well justify the statement,
with all the fervor that characterizes a
new discovery, of the fact that "the
world moves."
A LOOK AHEAD.
The Oregonian has from the first felt
and expressed as much interest in the
reduction of taxation through the pres
ent legislature as in the election of sen
ator. But the election of senator has en
grossed the attention of the legislature,
and, through the opposition of faction,
centered upon an effort to prevent the
result the people supposed had been
decreed by the election last June, meas
ures of economical reform have been ob
structed at every point. Nothing has
yet been accomplished in the direction
of economy that the people had a right
to expect, while in many ways the
profligacy of the legislature has never
been exceeded.
It has missed no one's attention that
this profligacy -has grown chiefly out
of the log-rolling methods employed to
defeat the caucus majority in the elec
tion of senator. "Anything to beat
Dolph" has been the source of jobs and
combinations, which, thus far, on the
one hand have carried improper meas
ures forward, and on the other- have
obstructed proper measures for lopping
off expenditures and reducing1 public ex
travagance. Every species of profli
gacy has made common cause with this
factional effort to prevent the result in
the election of senator that the whole
people expected, the result likewise that
has been called for by the common
usage of party and good faith among
men.
This session of the legislature has de
veloped the fact that there are in the
republican party of Oregon men in
clined to populistic ideas. Authorita
tively, indeed, no set of men have as
yet spoken representatively for any con
siderable part of the republican party
and attempted to ally it with populism.
But what is the tendency of the action
of these members of the minority?
If they carry their opposition to
Mr. Dolph, which rests chiefly on
populist ideas, to the extent of
defeating an election, are they not,
in their high places as representatives
of party, earning their following into
other party alliance? And, if so, where
can they go but to the populists? These
are questions to be addressed to men's
candor and intelligence. The republi
can party of the country will pursue
its regular and orderly course, and re
publicans of Oregon will not be swayed
fnom that course to the embrace of
any of "the populist doctrines that are
urged to prevent Mr. Dolph's election.
But adjournment now without an
election will portend a struggle in the
party in 1896, which every one who has
the Interests of the party at heart
would wish to avert The division
would probably be irremediable. It
would be envenomed by the remem
brances of this contest, as well as by
new causes of antagonism. And the re
publican party would be at an immense
disadvantage before the people because
of its failure to carry out its pledges
of retrenchment and economy. It may
be regarded as extremely doubtful
whether the people will want another
republican legislature if this one so
completely fails them. Besides, the fac
tional opposition developed among the
present members would render it al
most certain that there would be two
republican tickets in every county. If
the rivalries of the present session
shall be carried into the contest for the
next legislature, it is not possible to see
how the republican party in any county
can hold together on a single ticket,
nor how there can be common support
of candidates for congress. The situa
tion foreshadows a crisis in the republi
can party of Oregon, and it appeals to
the reasonable men of the minority to
recede from the position they have
taken.
WHY NOT WAIT A LITTLE?
Now that the decisive action of the
president in buying gold abroad, under
his general authority to support the
public credit, seems to have stopped the
drains upon the treasury reserve and
made an extraordinary session of con
gress unnecessary, there "will be oppor
tunity to test the theory of those who
insist that the revenues will increase
under operation of the new tariff and
internal revenue law, so that danger of
exhaustion of the treasury reserve soon
will pass away.
This is only a theory, it is true only
a future contingency. It never would
do to rely upon it while gold was run
ning out of the treasury at the rate of
$1,000,000 a day, and the nation was
slipping to the silver basis with exhaus
tion of its power to redeem its obliga
tions in the money of the world. But
the president has arrested that peril
and it may not recur for months. The
moral effect of his action has accom
plished more than the bare sum of
gold coin he has procured. He has
demonstrated that he can procure gold
from abroad whenever needed and in
whatever amount, without reliance
upon the New York banks. He has
stopped the export of gold and probably
has stopped the drain upon the treasury-
True, the New York banks can
drain out the gold just gained with
notes, just as they drained out what
they themselves put in. But they hard
ly will defy public opinion by doing
this without the pretest of an export
demand. When $1,000,080 was required
for export, they drew $2,000,000 and
hoarded the other. But they will not
venture to drain the treasury purely
for hoarding purposes.
If the treasury can have rest for a
while from these piratical razzias, we
soon shall see whether increase of the
revenues is goins to put an end to our
financial difficulties for the present. If
the income tax and the whisky tax
shall yield enough money to turn the
deficiency into a surplus, it will notjtion to it that the mayor of Portland
be difficult to remove the excess of
credit currency by which speculators
drain gold out of the treasury, by let
ting it accumulate there till congress
shall gain sense enough to order its
retirement. The summer will determine
this question one way or the other, and
both the president and congress will be
wiser when the session shall open next
December. If the president shall be
disappointed in his expectations of rev
enue, he -will be ready then to consent
to a higher tariff and increase of the
tax on beer. If increase of revenue
shall give ease to the treasury, con
gress will be able to reform the jur
rency at leisure.
But it is wise to give the president
power to meet any unforeseen emer
gency, by authorizing him to meet rev
enue deficiencies in some less danger
ous way than by paying out the gold
reserve. This is undertaken by the
amendment to the sundry civil appro
priation bill, reported by the senate
finance committee yesterday, authoriz
ing the issue of $100,000,000 in two-year
3 per cent certificates of Indebtedness,
to be used for no other purpose than
to meet revenue deficiencies. These are
exactly like the British exchequer bills,
and every government ought to have
power to employ them in emergencies.
This plan has been approved by Sher
man and Reed, and the republicans
probably will support it in both houses.
It ought to be adopted. It would tide
over the summer at any rate.
NEGRO EMIGRATION.
The scheme of Bishop Turner, of the
African Methodist Episcopal church, to
stimulate a jgreat migration of negroes
from America to Africa, where he ex
pects them to be able to govern them
selves in accordance with the principles
of government they have in a greater
or less degree learned in this country,
being free from inherited race prejudice
and domination by a superior race, has
been pushed by him with sincere zeal
and has certainly taken a strong hold
upon his fellow-citizens of African de
scent. This is proved by the fact that
it has been made the means of defraud
ing a large number of the residents of
the black belt of Mississippi and Ala
bama. Taking advantage of the sentiment
created in favor of a home in Africa
among the thousands of negroes who
feel that their lot in this country is
made needlessly hard by race prejudice,
an association has been formed to reap
a golden harvest from It With head
quarters at Birmingham, this associa
tion has advertised to carry negroes to
Africa for $40 each, the applicants to
pay $1 a month until the full sum has
been paid in, when they become full
members of the colonization associa
tion. It is alleged that the agents of
the society have gone through the coun
try districts, offering to discount mem
bership certificates and Issue them upon
a cash payment of from $4 to $7. As
the certificate entitles the holder to
transportation and an allotment of
land, the success of the agents, faith in
the colonization scheme having first
been established, has been very great
To one at all familiar with the condi
tions, this scheme is transparently
fraudulent, but to the ignorant blacks,
anxious to better their condition, it
might easily be a rainbow of promise.
It is reported that thousands have sold
their possessions tx Invest intKese,,cer
tificates. , '
Possibly it is better for these deluded
negroes to be robbed in America than
to be actually dumped as helpless colo
nists on the strange shore of Africa.
The swindlers may be kinder to them
than the good bishop. African colo
nization by a lot of penniless, ignorant
negroes, without resourcefulness and
independence of character, is a vision
ary scheme. Under the most favorable
conditions colonizing means unaccus
tomed hardships and years' of struggle,
and demands energy, adaptability and
self-reliance of the highest degree for
success. These qualities the negroes do
not possess. There is no disposition to
prevent negroes from migrating to Af
rica, or South America, or any other
land where they think their condition
might be improved, but intelligent men
know in advance what would be the
outcome and -do not look for settlement
of the race problem in America in that
manner.
THE NATIONAL GUARD.
Undoubtedly the attack of Senator
"Vanderburg upon the administration
and quality of the national guard grows,
out of the populist demand for the
abolition of the national guard as an
institution, rather than a mere desire
for economy in expenditures. Its viru
lence, the spirit of intense hostility dis
played and the ignorance of the details
of the system attacked are ample proof
of this. The populist demand for the
abolition of organized militia comes
from two sources, widely divergent The
rural populists cannot comprehend why
soldiers are necessary for the state. No
mob ever has attacked their farms.
They seem to think that state money
is expended solely for the purpose of
enabling a few hundred young men to
have a good social time, ignorant of
the fact that not a dollar of public
money is used for that purpose. They
therefore are opposed to the mainte
nance of an organized body of drilled
troops by the state. On the other hand,
the city populists oppose the national
guard because it stands between them
and their frequent violations of law
and order. No mob can hold the civil
authorities powerless and commit out
rages upon property and the rights of
individuals while the civil authorities
have a body of effective troops at their
command For these reasons, the popu
lists have no use for the national guard,
one faction because it thinks it useless,
and the other because it thinks it too
useful. With neither of these does the
conservative element of the state, the
element that insists upon law and or
der and the protection of life and prop
erty and individual rights at all time,
agree. This element happily in a ma
jority, while insisting upon proper econ
omy and conscientious care in handling
the state's money, favors the mainte
nance of an effective body of state
troops, of sufficient numbers to guar
antee the peace of the state at all
times.
As to the merits of the charges
of extravagance and mismanagement
made in so public a way, a committee
of the legislature is investigating as
fully as its limited time and Its partial
absorption in other duties will permit
However, it Is not necessary to depend
upon a hasty examination every two
years by the legislature. The gov
ernor has the power to make private
inquiry into the conduct of the military
establlshment at any and all times, and
this no doubt has been done to his
satisfaction. He bears the same rela-
bears to the cltv ra&kw force. He au-
points five members of the military
board, the governing-body of the mili
tia, and can remove Xour cf them at
any time. This makes him wholly re
sponsible for the management of the
military establishment as, being the
commander-in-chief, he should be. With
a military board composed of men who
have shown zeal and capacity, and
gained practical experience of the needs
of the service by years of duty in it,
supplemented "by the careful supervis
ion a commander-in-chief should give,
there can be little extravagance not
soon detected and stopped. It would
seem that if any reforms are necessary
in the national guard, it lies within the
power of the governor to effect them,
and the tone of his inaugural address
would indicate an intention on his part
to do so if he found they were needed.
By making the provision for $100,000,
000 two-year certificates of indebted
ness an appropriation, and adding it
to the sundry civil bill as an amend
ment, the senate probably can insure its
passage through the house. The
amendment ought to pass the senate
without trouble, since it is reported by
the democratic finance committee and
is approved by leading republicans like
Sherman and Allison. Both republicans
and administration democrats believe
that increase of revenues will remove
our most serious difficulties, though
republicans doubt whether the revenues
can be increased without levying more
taxes. They are willing to wait until
the next session, however, to .give the
present tariff and - revenue law a
chance, if the treasury can be protected
In the meantime. Democrats believe
that, if the treasury is protected this
summer, the revenuejj will be adequate
afterwards. Therefore this plan of
short-time certificates f indebtedness,
like city or state warrants, is satisfac
tory to both. This is the plan which
every civilized government adopts in
a financial emergency, without requir
ing special legislative 'authorization as
often as the emergency occurs.
There is possibility of more delay in
Chinese peace negotiations in the de
mand of China that the Japanese en
voys come to Port Arthur to meet her
own, for the convenience of Li Hung
Chang. The Japanese government is
not likely to concern, itself much about
the convenience of Li Hung -Chang, it
Is more ftkely to order him to wait up
on the emperor at Hiroshima. These
Chinamen do not understand that the
beaten party must no expect to make
terms. While this great truth is being
impressed upon them, the Japanese
probably will take more cities. It is
especially noticeable that these enter
prising invaders do not stop making
war to make peace.
Henry Watterson tells the New York
Commercial Advertiser that in his
opinion the long-expected break
up in the South has come, and come to
stay. Indeed, he thinks it only a part
of a general break-up, that is soon to
compel a revision of party maps. Henry
Clay's influence, he says, is still potent
in Western North Carolina, northwest
ern Georgia, Eastern. Tennessee and
Southern Kentucky. Besides, a good
many young Southerners of the new
generation want fo"g$jinto manufactur
ing and make moneyton a big scale
the Northern scale: -tt '
It is amazing that the legislature of
Oregon will not let the people of Mult
nomah manage their oWn business. By
what right does the state make a pen
sion of $20,000 per year to Mr. Hume a
charge upon the taxpayers of Multno
mah county? That is the exact mean
ing of the defeat of McGinn's
county salary bill yesterday. More
over, members of the legislature seem
disposed to show like generosity, at cost
of taxpayers, to the officials of the city
of Portland. This is sheer confiscation.
It did not need the vote in the senate
yesterday to prove that a majority of
that body favors free coinage of silver.
For many years the senate has been
less trusty on all subjects, especial
ly upon subjects relating- to money,
than the house. This is because
of the disproportionate representation
in it of small states, with scanty popu
lation, little property and less general
intelligence and knowledge of private
business and public affairs.
There is a somewhat amusing Incon
gruity in the lamentation that Dolph
has been here during a month past
when the state needs him so badly at
Washington, and he could be so useful
there, followed by the stout assertion
that he would be useless to the state
if sent back for another term.
Mr. Gresham takes the trouble to
deny that he has made special interven
tion in the case of one of the royalist
conspirators in Hawaii. Perhaps it is
beginning to dawn upon Mr. Gresham
that he has meddled jtoo much in Ha
waiian affairs already.
The new bonds sell at 3V& cents pre
mium in London already, before they
are printed. This is the usury we pay
for a financial policy that breeds dis
trust of our credit
The appearance of a commission in
gold transactions in New York is omi
nous. Commission, it is well under
stood, is only an euphemism for pre
mium. PERSONS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT.
Rear Admiral Samuel R. Franklin,
United States navy, served 46 years in the
navy, and was retired In 1SS7. He was the
naval representative demanding the sur
render of Mobile in 1S63. He became com
modore in 1SS1 and rear admiral in 1SS5.
Prince Chowta Maha Vajiravdh, the
eldest son of the second queen of Siam
and of King Chulalong Korn, who, in
consequence of the recent death of the
son of the first nieen, has been pro
claimed crown prince of Siam, is a boy
of 15, now at Eton college.
Charles A. Collier, president and director-general
of the cotton exposition to he
opened at Atlanta, Ga., next fall, Is a
successful business man of 47. He is
the son of one of the Atlanta pioneers,
and had experience in the conduct of the
Piedmont exposition in 1SS7.
Ex-Governor Waite, of Colorado, ex
pects to make money out of his notoriety.
He carries -with him lithographs showing
his own and Lincoln's portraits in relief
shadow, the one labeled "The Great
Emancipator of the Black," the other
"The Coming Emancipator of the "White."
The widowed Empress Frederick, of Ger
many, is said to be a talented artist in
sculpture and painting. A most lifelike
portrait of her husband, a piece of bronze,
was modeled by her, and the two castles
she occupies at different periods of the
year contain many creditable sketches
by her in clay and on canvas and pa
per. Hans Christian Andersen, the Danish
story writer, was fond of the stage from
J a boy, and studied singing and dancing to
prepare for a theatrical career. Once his
name was printed on a programme in the
part of a spirit In a ballet, but the talent
he showed in writing a play secured him
opportunities for a literary education and
he abandoned acting.
William S. Tipton, -who has been the
personal campaign manager of Governor
Evans, of Tennessee, is the proprietor of
the Cleveland Tenn.) Herald. He -was one
of the famous "20S" -who voted for Gen
eral Grant in the national republican
convention of 1SS0, and was United States
marshal for east Tennessee in the Har
rison administration.
Senator J. C. Pritchard, of North Caro
lina, says that his father was a Union
man, but was drafted into the Confederate
army. Senator Pritchard's last recollec
tion of him is seeing him mounted on a
horse, his feet and hands bound, on the
way to the front, where he died, an un
willing conscript in a cause In which his
sympathies were not enlisted.
Senator Murphy is making a reputation
in Washington as a hospitable and suc
cessful entertainer. He has a very inter
esting family, and a daughter who has
become famous for her beauty. The sen
ator's dinners are exceptionally good, and
the one he gave last week was well spoken
of by Senator Hill, who was one of the
guests. It will be remembered that Hill
is something of a connoisseur in Wash
ington dinners.
IMPORTS, EXPORTS AND riIIGRA
TION. The complete figures showing the ex
ports and imports of merchandise of the
United States for the calendar year 1S31
are now furnished by the treasury de
partment bureau of statistics. The im
ports Tor 1S33 and 1894 aggregate as fol
lows: 1823. IS94.
Free of duty $417,W.l74 $3S3,373!3o2
Dutiable 555,804,750 292,93S,742
Total imports $776,215,750 $676,312,104
Percentange free from
duty 53.76 56.69
Below are the entire exports of mer
chandise, from the United States for the
years 1S93 and 1834:
1S93. 1S94.
Domestic merch'dise.?S54,729,454 $S07.312,933
Foreign merchandise. 24,379,327 17,790,132
Total $S76,10S,781 $325,103,0S5
The decrease of imports in 1894, as com
pared with the average of the five pre
ceding years, was $131,571,993, and as xjm
pared With 1S93 it was $99,936,820. The
total exports of domestic merchandise for
1834 showed a decrease of $71,77S,010, as
compared with the average for the preced
ing five years, and $47,416,501 as compared
with 1893. The following shows the specie
movement during the calendar years 1893
and 1894:
Imports 1893. 1894.
Gold $72,762,SS9 $20,607,561
Silver 18,274,804 9,821,408
Exports
Gold 79.775,820 101,819.924
Silver 46,288,721 47,044,205
There was a remarkable falling off in
Immigration last year. The following
table gives the totals by countries for the
12 months of 1893 and 1891:
Countries. 1893,
Austria-Hungary
Bohemia , 4,627
Hungary 26,219
Other Austria (ex. Poland) 35.022
Belgium 3,323
Denmark 8,474
France 5,242
Germany 89,603
Greece 1,446
Italy , 70,331
Netherlands 7,757
Poland 6,122
Portugal 3,953
Roumania 997
Russia (except Poland). . 45.173
Finland 6.46S
Spain 940
1S94.
1,600
9.0U0
12,365
1,365
4.390 5
3,443
40.43S
1,141
39,821
2,262
1.0SS
686
468
26,830
1,272
997
19.4CS-
2.6S0
213
Sweden and Norway! 51.723
uniuniauu ...i.. ....... i l.ovi
Turkey 514
United Kingdom
England 44,252
Scotland 11,845
Ireland 50,061
West Indies 430
Syria 1,410
China 3,047
Japan 661
Australasia 1,085
Hawaiian Islands 1,100
Other countries 2,094
29,185
5.6(5
36,421
832
1,562
2,933
724
473
267
1,464
Total 4S8,776 218,983
ENGLISH OPINION.
Doe It Tend Toward International
Biinetallsm?
PORTLAND, Feb. 18. (To the Editor.)
In Sunday's Oregonian a gentleman (C.
S.) denies that the Forfarshire and Brigg
elections for parliament were influenced
by bimetalism, and says: "I doubt very
much whether bimetalism was ever men
tioned at either of these eleotions."
Now, in reply to "C. S.," I will say that
both these districts were canvassed by
the silver advocates, headed by Right
Hon. Henry Chaplin; that the liberal can
didates declared in favor of a single gold
standard, and the tory candidates pledged
themselves as blmetalists; and these two
former liberal districts were carried by
the conservative-tory party by large ma
jorities. I read this in a cable to the
New York papers, after those elections.
And this is further confirmed by Pro
fessor H. S. Foxwell, who says "all mem
bers of parliament elected this year 1894
are pledged to do all in their power to
forward an international agreement."
Again, "C. S." thinks it very improbable
that the conservative party will make bi
metalism a part of their programme,
and he declares that "Right Hon. Arthur
James Balfour has merely spoken aca
demically in favor of some form af bi
metalism that he did so about IS months
ago at some agricultural meetings."
The truth appears to me that the writer
is not well informed. He speaks if an
Englishman like one who has been long
absent from home. Mr. Balfour made
three years ago before the Manchester
chamber of commerce not "some agri
cultural meetings" one of the ablest
speeches that has ever been delivered
on the currency question In favor of
bimetalism. Again, nine months ago he
spoke in the city of London, on the 2d
of May last in the presence of an illus
trious gathering of dukes, earls, knights
and gentlemen representing the agricul
tural, banking and textile interests of
Great Britain. In that speech he dis
cussed: First Is bimetalism, is a double stand
ard, possible?
Second Is it just and equitable?
Third Is it expedient to adopt it?
On the first point he said, tn part: "The
general consensus of scientific economic
opinion has for many years been thrown
with an overwhelming balance of opinion
into the scale of the double standard.
(Loud applause.) Any man who.
In the face of that opinion, now quotes
any of the old tags about demand and
supply making it impossible to fix a
ratio between the two metals, or such
doctrines as that the interference of the
state fixing prices, must necessarily fail
any man who now relies upon arguments
of that kind to show that the double
standard Is an impossible expedient, does
nothing else than write himself down as
an individual ignorant of the latest scien
tific development of political economy.
A man who should say that a
double standard is beyond the power of
international agreement will show him
self to be entirely outside the general
balance and body of educational opinion,
and will make it clear to all who care
to form an opinion upon his authority
upon such matters that he is still help
lessly and hopelessly groping among an
cient and forgotten fallacies. Mr.
Goschen, than whom no greater financial
authority exists in this country, has pub
licly expressed his own dissent from the
fallacious views I have just been criti
cising." Under the second heading. "Is it just
and equitable?" he also said in part:
"I quite grant that it is almost Impos
sible to pass any legislation" with regard
fo the monetary standard which shall not
have some effect upon the relations be
tween debtor and creditor, public or pri
vate; but who on that account has ever
thought It wrong for a state to rectify a
debased currency, or for a state to sub
stitute hard coin (I think that is an
American expression) for an inconvert
ible paper currency? Such operations,
of course, have some effect upon the re
lations between debtor and creditor, but
so far from thinking them blameworthy,
the conscience of civilized mankind has
always been of opinion, has always
thought that there is no object more
worthy of the efforts of a great financier
than the placing of the currency of this
country upon a permanent and stable
basis, and the regulating it as far as he
could for all time, so that these mone
tary obligations shall be governed by a
fixed and stable measure of exchange.
(Loud applause). But it may be
worth while my reminding you that
whether or not bimetalism leads to this in
terference with the legal standard, yet un
questionably monometalism does lead to
it, and that in the most aggravated form."
(Applause).
Then Mr. Balfour proceeds to discuss
the third point, and I would have "C. S."
to mark this is no "academic discussion":
"Now, having disposed of my first two
questions, namely, the possibility and the
morality of adopting the double system,
there remains only the third question,
whether it be expedient to do so.
I think I am not wrong in saying there
are indications of an important change
in feeling among those who lead financial
opinion in this great commercial com
munity (London), before some of the lead
ing members of which I have the honor
of speaking at the present moment
It does not require much argument upon
the platform from which I am
now addressing you to convince
you that many persons, who look
ed with either active dislike or
with suspicion or doubt upon these
schemes, have now come to the double
conclusion that we are menaced at the
present time by a grave public danger
and that the way to meet that public dan
ger is again to rehabilitate silver as one of
the great instruments of monetary trans
actions in the world. There is no name
which commands greater respect In the
city of London than that of Mr. Lldder
dale the ex-governor of the Bank of Eng
land, who did so much to steer us through
one of the most fearful crises that has oc
curred within the memory of living men
and I believe I am not wrong (he is pres
ent and will contradict me if I am wrong)
in expressing it as his opinion that it is
absolutely necessary that the monetary
function of silver should be restored if
the commerce of the world is to be car
ried on under healthy conditions and upon
a solid and permanent basis. .
I am most strongly of opinion that if
there be a question in this world which
Is by its character fit to be dealt with by
international agreement, and which ought
to be dealt with by International
agreement, that question is the character
of the currency by which international
commercial business Is carried on."
This speech was one of many delivered
delivered in the presence of five members
of the Marquis of Salisbury's late cabinet
Balfour, Chaplin. Mathews, Courtney,
Houldsworth betides Sir Samuel Mon
tague, and some 300 representatives of the
bankers, spinners and agriculturists of
Great Britain.
I think our English cousin for I feel
sure he is a native of the tight little Island
has not kept posted on the great change
In public opinion in England, which is
partly shown by the late elections of ad
vocates of silver to parliament Of course
I grant that should the Gladstone-Rose-bery
combine carry the next parliament
soon to be elected bimetalism would re
ceive a severe blow. But from the com
plexion of the bye-elections, it looks as if
Balfour and his party 'would again take
charge of affairs.
There are two classes of people in this
country who oppose, remarkable as I
think, the on)y practicable bimetalism.
These are the men who own gold bonds
and mortgages, and the free silverites, so
called, who believe in plunging this coun
try into the terrible experiment of solitary
and alone undertaking the gigantic task
of putting silver up to 129 cents an ounce,
or a parity of 1 to 16. No country can do
it alone not England, not France and the
Latin Union, nor can the United States
of America, is the humble opinion of yours
faithfully, J. B. M.
A MARKET PLACE.
One Thinjy Which Is Very Badly
Needed by Portland.
PORTLAND, Feb. 18. (To the Editor.)
In Sunday's issue, an article appeared in
the locals headed "Woodsellers Must
Move." The question is: Where shall they
move? My interests do not lie with the
woodsellers, but with sellers of fruit
and produce. What the city needs is a
market square, with a market-master in
charge. Every farmer coming to the city
should be compelled to go with his load
to the market, no matter whether it is
pumpkins, wood, apples, hay, butter or
what not and stay there until his load is
sold. As it is now, he comes to town and
begins by offering his goods to the house
wives. He finds this slow work. Then he
tries the grocers. If he can't sell cut to
them, he finally comes down Front street
with three sacks of potatoes, or two boxes
of apples, or two roosters, etc., etc
By having a market square he can go
there and sell his wares just as quickly,
possibly more quickly, and by conferring
with others, will realize all his goods are
worth. As it is now, he comes in, with
out being posted as to market values, and
sells his produce for less to consumers
than he could realize from dealers. There
ought to be a public scale at the market
so that straight loads of any commodity
could be weighed. A small daily toll could
be charged for space, and the place be
made self-supporting. L am not looking
out for the commissionmen's interest en
tirely, but think every retail grocer and
fruitdealer will concur with me. Let us
have a market square, and soon.
JAC. FISHEL.
Let Us Have Free Coinage.
PORTLAND, Feb. IS. (To the Editors
Having become quite recently a convert
to free coinage, I respectfully ask room
to present the argument that so strongly
impressed my own mind as a short cut to
bimetalism and prosperity. Why not
commence a new era of coinage? First,
com all the gold and silver in the treasury
in the old shape, and then adopt new de
vices, so they can easily be identified, giv
ing the new coin the same weight as the
old, but giving neither gold nor silver
of the new manufacture the legal tender
quality simply coin each and let them go
for what they are worth. That will at
least be honest money, and in the most
effective way be free coinage. If the gold
and silver are only fictitious without the
dollar mark of the government and its
guarantee, is it honest money in any
truthful sense? Can any one ask more
than that they pass for all they are
worth? Cannot we In this way satisfy
all parties and make money plenty? Most
especially If the government will do the
coinage free? I am an unqualified cham
pion of free silver. If this will do for
gold, why not do for silver? S. A. C.
An Unvarying Law.
St Louis Globe-Democrat
Sir Thomas Gresham performed a great
public service and made a permanent
place for himself in the records when
he pointed out to Queen Elizabeth that
the poorest money will always chase the
best out of a country. The United States
might add a few words to Gresham's law
to the effect that even the threat of bad
money gives wings to good money and
disturbs business in general to a most
damaging extent
Here Ik a Fact.
Pendleton Tribune.
No such a convocation of cranks as
compose the silverites in the present leg
islature will ever have the honor of nam
ing a senator for Oregon.
NEWS OF THE KOMBW3EST.
QresoH. ' "
Freeman Hughesr a veteran of the civil
war, died at Myrtle Point last Thursday.
O. B. Harshbarger says lie will put In
electric lights at Klamath if the town will
take 50 lights and give him the franchise.
Larkin Carr. of Clear lake, is feeding
4000 cattle this -winter in Clear lake val
ley, and has plenty of feed for the great
herd.
A number of prospectors are expected in
Salmon mountains this spring. Mr. Green,
of Deer Park farm, near the mountains,
is making preparations to erect a quarts
mill.
Judge Fee has appointed Walrer Allen
to act as receiver of the World's Fair
store at La Grande. The trouble at the
store now is over the validity of a trus
tee's sale.
Last Friday news was brought to Baker
City from the Scorpion mine, that, at the
bottom of a 9-foot shaft a fine 3-foot
ledge was struck, which gave a wonder
ful prospect of free gold.
Mr. Richard C Lawrence, of Baker
City, has closed a contract with the man
agement of the Tittells and will go with
the company to Boise City, where he will
make his debut as a professional.
A. W. Bond, of Irving, lays claim to
the blue ribbon for the finest hog. A few
days ago he killed a Berkshire hog two
years old which tipped the scales at 491
pounds, dressed. The hog had been fat
tened on Oregon corn.
The successful ticket at the Myrtle
Point city election last week was: E.
Bender, recorder; N. G. W. Perkins, treas
urer; Joseph F. Foyes, marshal; council
men, M. R. Lee, C. T. Riley. W. T. Lehn
nerr, L. A. Roberts and K A. Leep.
Sir. A. McCallen. of Lakeview, has re
ceived a letter from Dr. Watts, ex-register
of the land office at Lakeview, but who
is now residing at Albany, In which he
states that "the Oregon Pacific railroad
will go ahead over the mountains as soon
as the weather and preparations will per
mif W. B. Honeyman, of the Portland Lin
seed Oil Works, has made contracts with
Linn county farmers for 2000 acres of flax
seed for which he has contracted to pay
$180 per hundred. This will bring to the
growers something upwards of $20,000. Mr.
Honeyman furnishes the seed to sow the
2000 acres.
On January 21 Arthur Hilliard started
from his home at Robinson springs, on
the mountain between Bly and Barnes
valley, to go to the latter place. He lost
his way and did not reach his destina
tion for about 18 hours, consequently his
feet were frozen so badly that they had
to be amputated at the ankles.
Captain Bert Hatch, of the government
snag boat, In charge of the revetment
work at Corvallis, fell from the wharf
Friday, striking upon his head and arm.
His left wrist was dislocated and other
injuries Inflicted, but he stopped only long
enough to have his injuries dressed by a
physician ahd continued his work. He
fell about 10 feet from the -deck of the
snag boat
"Washington.
A co-operative house, or market for the
exchange of products. Is said to be among
the probabilities at Spokane.
Rev. Wallace Nutting, of the Plymouth
Congregational church, of Seattle, will re
sign to take charge of a church in the
East
Victor H. Beekman says that the first
sawmill in the state of Washington was
erected at Walla Walla by Dr. Marcus
"V hitman, the noted missionary, in 1845.
By order of the court, the stock of
Jacoby, Ash & Co., of Tacoma, will be
sold in a lump sum March 5, the pro
ceeds to be applied to payment of $57,985 63
due On mortgages.
A diamond drill Is boring for coal at
the Dry creek mill, near Port Angeles.
It Is down 87 feet, and small pieces of coal
have been found embedded in the-sarid-stone
in which the drill Is working.
P. J. "Malloy narrowly escaped a serious
accident recently. While riding from Nu
gent's bridge to Goshen, the saddle came
loose and turned, throwing him off. The
horse kicked him on the back of the
head, laying the scalp open.
A wheat pool Is being formed at Colfax,
and SO cents a bushel, clear of warehouse
charges, is expected to be realized. The
recent cold weather in that locality did
little damage to fall-sown wheat In re
ality, it is thought the ground was bene
fited. The old soldiers of RItzville met Sat
urday and installed their officers for the
ensuing term, as follows: Commander,
L. Root; senior vice, S. T. Wilburn; junior
vice, W. P. McCoilom; adjutant, H. Zim
merman; treasurer, J. T. Gilbreath; O. D.,
C. R. Bardwell; chaplain, J. M. Harris.
A large steam elevator, equipped With
cleaning machinery, will be built at Gar
field in the spring. The main building, or
elevator proper, will be 30x100 feet, with
an addition of a warehouse room of about
the same size, and will contain a first
class chop mill, where grain can be
chopped without any extra handling
charges.
Mr. McKay and his son-in-law started
out from Oakesdale Friday morning with
a load of hay, going In the direction of
Saltese. A short distance out of town the
wagon was upset and caught Mr. McKay
underneath the lead, dragging him some
distance. He died in about three hours.
Mr. McKay was about 50 years old, and
left a family of grown children, one
daughter being the principal of the Oakes
dale public school.
o
PARAGRAPHERS PLEASANTRIES.
"Binks has got one of those talking
machines." "A phonograph?" "No; a
wife." Life.
He (a humorist) I'll send you one of my
jokes for a valentine. She But I want a
comic valentine. Detroit Free Press.
"Do you go to church to hear the ser
mon or the music, Maude?" "I go for
the hims," said Maude." Harper's Bazar.
Figgs They say that Badwun is quite
ill. Do his friends have grave fears about
him? Fogg I think their fears extenl
beyond the grave. Boston Transcript
"There's a good deal that's swell about
Cholly Cadkins," said one girl. "Yes,"
replied the other: "the only trouble is
that most of it has gone to his head."
Washington Star.
Mr. Baldy: "Am I to apply this hair re
storer every day?" Barber: "For heav-"
en's sake, no. Do you want to look like
the wild man from Borneo inside of a
week?" Texas Sittings.
Henpeckt I wish to heaven I knew
some way to stop your tongue, madam.
Mrs. Henpeckt I suppose you think that
is a joke, sir? Henpeckt Oh, no, merely
a sort of gag, my dear. Town Topics.
"Mamma," said Willie, "do you pay
Jennie $15 a month for looking after me?"
"No, $16," said mamma. "She is a good
nurse and deserves it" "Well, I say, ma,
I'll look after myself for $10. You'li save
$6 by it" Harper's Ycung People.
Mr. Penner My new story commences:
"About the end of the last century, among
the hills of Westchester county " Miss
Ferris Then the scene is laid in the revo
lutionary period. Mr. Penner No, the
scene is the present time; but I expect
to sell this story to a magazine for future
publication. Brooklyn Life
He: Absence but makes, they say,
The heart yet fonder grow;
Were I ten thousands miles away,
I still should love you so!
She: 'Tis distance lends, they say.
Enchantment to the view;
Were you ten thousand miles away
I might think well of you!
Truth.
"Me. my lord? Me? Are you joking?"
"Joking! I love you with all my heart,
and it is my dearest wish to make you
the countess of Corkney. Will you con
sent?" "Pardon my manner, I was nat
urally Incredulous. Why, I am not an
American heiress, and I was never on the
stage in my life, and so I I never never
I hoped ." New York Recorder.
k