THE arOBNTBTG- OBEGOm&N, TCTIBSPAX; JA3nTUAB' 10, S5.
9
HEW OflllTER BEAD!
CO-XSIDEREB BY THE OXHHinVDKED
AT A SPECIAL MEETIXG.
3Ir. Joseph Simon. Did Sot Appear
With. His Proposed Cliarter Im
portant Proviislons Discussed.
A special meeting of the Committee of
One Hundred, held yesterday afternoon,
was presumably for the purpose of con
sidering the new incorporation of the city
as prepared by Senator Joseph Simon,
and; also, such amendments to the pro
posed new charter, gotten up by the com
mittee, as had been recommended by the
executive committee. The effort was only
hall fulfilled, as neither Mr. Simon nor his
chartor were visible, and it was under
stood that they would not be. There
were SI members of the committee pres
ent, and, after they had been called to
order. Chairman Corbett stated that Mr.
Simon had not had the time to prepare
a copy of the charter he proposed to
present to the legislature. Even if he had
a. copy, he was not disposed to submit
it to the Committee of One Hundred after
the remarks made at the meeting on
Saturday, evidently for the purpose of
forestalling public opinion. Mr. Simon
was willing to present his charter to any
body of fair-minded men, but, after some
of the committee had seen fit to attack
him as they had, he did not feel willing
to submit the proposed charter to them for
consideration.
"The main difference in the two char
ters," continued Mr. Corbett, "is a sec
tion providing for a board of public works.
In the charter proposed by the Commit
tee of One Hundred the executive com
mittee had also amendments to present
regarding the police, department. Such
amendment would provide for one police
man for every 250 of the voting popula
tion of the city, and one detective for
every 5000 of the voting population, which
would give 58 patrolmen and three detec
tives. The vote cast at the last city elec
tion (14,500) forms a basis. Under such
provision the police force could not be
increased, except by an increase of popu
lation. "Another amendment is in respect to
lighting the city at the rate of $4 per
capita of the voting population, the lights
to be distributed in the various wards
according to the vote of each ward. This
would make the expense about $33,000 per
annum for lighting purposes, instead of
553,000, as now prevails. Of course, the
central part of the city would
have to pay the greater portion of such
expenses. These changes had been made
in the proposed charter, and would be
submitted for consideration, after having
been agreed upon by the executive com
mittee since the proposed charter had
been turned over to it."
An attempt was made to have the entire
charter read and considered by sections,
which would have consumed several
hours, but it was voted down. Mr. Henry
thought it would be well to consider the
Simon charter, which Mr. Simon seemed
not willing to submit. "If he wished to
avoid the criticism that was made con
cerning the passage of the charter amend
ments at the last session, it would only
be fair to let the people know fully what
his proposed charter really is. I question
if any amendments put up In a star cham
ber way will prove acceptable, and they
should be given the fullest publicity."
Mr. Foley "If Joe Simon Is getting up
a charter, it will be passed. That is a
foregone conclusion, and ours will never
see daylight. It would be right to ap
point a committee to wait on Joe Simon,
go over his charter, and report to us
next Saturday. If he refuses, it will be
a denial of the right of every taxpayer
to know what he intends to do."
D. V. Thompson "It will be a very dlf
floult and a slow means to do anything
with nothing to work upon. I would,
thorefore. move that the charter now be--fore
us be taken up, section by section,
as reported by the executive committee,
and confine ourselves to it."
Mr. Henry wanted the entire charter
read, as there were many present who
had not heard its provisions, but his mo
'tlon was lost, and that of Mr. Thomp
son's prevailed.
THE POLICE FORCE.
The first amendment by the executive
committee was regarding the police force,
and read as follows:
"Section 75. The police force of the city
of Portland shall be appointed and organ
ized by the chief of police to be appointed
by the mayor, and who shall hold office at
the pleasure of the mayor, who shall ex
ercise the powers, duties and authority
hereinafter enumerated. The number of
policemen in the employ or service of the
city, shall not at any time exceed one po
liceman to even' 250 votes polled in the
city at the general city election next pre
codlng the time when such policemen are
appointed. The number of detectives In
the employ or service of the city shall
not at any time exceed one such detective
to every 5000 votes or fraction thereof
polled In the city at the general city elec
tion noxt preceding the time such detec
tives are appointed, in addition to the
pollcomen and detectives herein provided
for, there shall be one chief of police and
not to exceed five captain sof police. In
determining the number of policemen and
detectives to be employed, the highest
number of votes cast for the candidates
' for any city office aggregating the highest
number of votes cast for any such office
at any said election, shall be used as a
basis of calculation. No captain of po
lice, policeman or detective, or other per
son having the authority of a peace of
floer appointed by the chief of police or
other authority of the city, shall be al
lowed to receive any compensation from
.any one whatever, except the salary in
this act provided for. And if any such
captain of police, policeman or detective,
shall receive any compensation or pay
from any person except sis herein provid
ed, it shall be the duty of the chief of
police to at once dismiss him from the
sarvice. No special or other policeman,
officer or detective or other person, shall
be given or Invested with the authority of
a poilcoman, except those herein provided
..for and who receive the compensation
herein named. The chief of police shall
-hve full control over captains, detectives,
clerks and ail police, and shall see that the
city ordinances and the rules, orders and
regulations for the government of the po
lice force are observed and enforced. All
existing rules, orders and regulations shall
continue In force until revoked or changed
by said chief, who may also at any time
make or adopt new rules, orders and reg
ulations, but such revocations, changes
and new rules, orders and regulations,
shall not be operative until submitted to
the mayor and approved by him. The
chief shall have power to appoint a clerk,
who shall receive a salary to be fixed by
said chief, not exceeding 573 per month.
Such clerk shall take the oath required of
, other city officers, and said clerk is au
thorised to administer any oath author
ized or required to be taken by any law
of the state of Oregon. The chief of po
lioe has power and it is his duty wilhln
the said city of Portland, to organize, gov
" orn and conduct a police force within the
Hmits aforesaid.
The section provoked considerable dis
cussion. Captain Kern thinking that there
was not proper provision made in case of
a riot, when extra policemen might be
needed. Ex-Chief of Police Spencer want
fed something done so as to relieve the
city of the expense of collecting delin
quent taxes by the police department, but
It was finally adopted with the under
standing that the executive committee
could revise, making provision for the
employment of patrol drivers, jailers, etc,
and report the same on Saturday.
A PURCHASING AGENT.
The next amendment adopted was as fol
lows: "Section 46Ji. All supplies and materials
of whatever kind or description required
by the city of Portland, or any department
thereof, shall be bought by the mayor,
who shall be the purchasing agent of the
city. Said purchasing agent shall give no
tice in writing to at least five, If there be
that many firms or persons dealing in the
article required, if less than five then to
as many as are known to deal in the
article required. Whenever practicable
additional notice by advertisement in the
official paper of the city shall be given
for not less than six consecutive days. The
bids roust be received in sealed envelopes
properly addressed to the mayor, and
must be opened by him in the presence
of the bidders if they shall be present
All bidders shall be given ample notice
of the time and place when and where
said bids will be opened. The mayor shall
cause to be kept a record of all such bids
handed in in each Instance with each bid
der's name making the same. The said
record Ehall be at all times open to pub
lic inspection. The award must be made
to the lowest responsible bidder."
DAMAGES BY VIEWERS.
The next subject for consideration wa3
in regard to appropriations to be made
for damages, contained in an amendment
as follows, which was adopted:
"Section 8. If no further view be or
dered, the council shall, at the expiration
or the time hereinafter limited for ap
peal, if no appeal be taken, or Immedi
ately after judgment is rendered, if an
appeal be taken, make an appropriation
for the amount of damage, or damages
and costs, as the case may be, assessed
By such viewers or by the jury on appeal
against the city, and shall order war
rants drawn on the treasury, payable out
of the fund to be provided for that pur
pose, for the amount of damage or dam
ages and casts, assessed to the owner or
owners, or other parties Interested in each
lot or part thereof, or of the improvements
thereon, in favor of the owner or own
ers, or of other persons in interest, and
as soon thereafter as the full amount of
such appropriation shall be in the city
treasury subject to such warrants, and
the warrants therefor drawn ready for de
livery tc the parties entitled to the same,
such property shall be deemed appropri
ated for the purpose of such street or al
ley, and not otherwise; provided, that no
process of any court shall issue to com
pel any appropriation for damages or the
issuing of warrants for the same. And
that unless such appropriation shall be
made, and said warrants so drawn and
ready for delivery, and the full amount
of such appropriation shall be in the city
treasury subject to the payment of such
warrants within six months after the ter
mination of the time limited for appeal,
or the rendition of final judgment or de
cree on appeal, and within one year from
the time of adoption of the report of the
viewers or within three months after the'
passage of this act, all acts and proceed
ings under such survey and view shall be
null and void; provided, that when any
appeal is taken from the report of view
ers, or when any proceedings are reviewed
or enjoined by any court, the said six
months shall not commence to run until
the date of the expiration of the time al
lowed by statute for an appeal to the su
preme court, or from the date of the final
determination of the matter In the su
preme court if any such appeal shall be
taken."
STREET IMPROVEMENTS.
The most Important amendment was
one regarding moneys collected for street
improvements, and reads as follows:
"Section 121. All money paid or col
lected upon assessments for the improve
ment of streets shall be kept as a sep
arate fund, and In nowise used for any
other purpose whatever. If, upon the
completion of any street improvement,
elevated roadway or repair of any street
when the cost thereof is declared by the
council to be a charge upon the adjacent
property, in front of or abutting upon
any property, or the construction of any
sewer or drain, any assessment or assess
ments levied to defray the cost thereof
are found or adjudged to be invalid
through any reason, whether because of
any defects jurisdictional or otherwise,
or any insufficiency, irregularity or infor
mality whatever in the original petition
therefor, if any, or in any stage in the
proceedings, the city shall have power
to bring actions in the circuit court of
the state for Multnomah county against
the owner or owners of the various lots
and blocks and parcels of land upon '
which the cost of such improvement, re
pair, elevated roadway, sewer or drain
might or could be charged and imposed
under the terms of this act, and recover
the proportion of the cost of such im
provement, repair, sewer or drain or ele
vated roadway properly chargeable un
der this act to such lots or blocks or
parcels of land. In any such 'action so
instituted all persons whose property is
or would bo so liable for the payment of
any such proportion of such assessment
may be joined as parties defendant in
one action, and the judgment rendered
therein shall be a several judgment
against each of said defendants for his
fair and just proportion of said assess
ment and costs and disbursements, and
shall constitute a personal judgment
against each of said defendants for his
said proportion of said assessment as well
as Hen upon the premises liable or as
sessed for such improvement. The gener
al laws of the state governing actions
at law, service of summons and other
process shall apply In any such action.
In the event that any assessment here
tofore made or levied by the city for any
street improvement, repair of a street
when the cost thereof is declared by the
council to be a charge upon the adjacent
property, or elevated roadway, or the con
struction of any sewer or drain shall
have been or shall hereafter be found, de
clared or adjudged to be invalid or uncol
lectible for any reason, whether because
of any defect, jurisdictional or otherwise,
or any Insufficiency, Irregularity or infor
mality whatever in the original petition
therefor, if any, or in any stage In the
proceedings the city shall have power
to bring actions in the circuit court of
the state for Multnomah county against
the owner or owners of the various lots
and blocks or parcels of land upon which
the cost of such improvement, repair, ele
vated roadway, sewer or drain might or
could be charged and imposed under the
terms of this act and recover the pro
portion of the cost of such improvemnt,
repair, sewer or drain or elevated road
way properly chargeable under this act
to such lots or blocks or parcels of land.
In any such actions all of the provisions
contained in this section relative to the
method of procedure, joinder of parties.
trial, judgment, and other matters for
the collection of assessments shall apply."
Mr. F. V. Holman thought such an
amendment would be too sweeping a
change, and he doubted Its constitution
ality and the power of the legislature to
say that proceedings is invalid in cases
involving jurisdiction. This amendment
would allow the council to improve any
street in any manner, and then collect
the expense from the property-owners.
"There ought to be some provision in the
charter," said Mr. Holman, "that money
for street Improvement be collected be
fore the contract is let. So sureas such
a law as this is passed, the public will
want it changed inside of two years.
It is too radical, and. if not unconstitu
tional, I still doubt its expediency. With
all due respect to the executive commit
tee, I think it a very dangerous proposi
tion." The motion to adopt was lost by a vote
of S to 9. and 12 members did not vote.
The amendment was then referred back
to the committee for further considera
tion to report on Saturday.
The discussion then drifted back- to Mr.
Joseph Simon and his charter. Mr. T. N.
Strong expressing the view that the pub
lic had a right to the chance of investi
gating any charter that was to be sub
mitted, and he did not think Mr. Simon
should refuse to let the committee have
a glance at his charter on account of
what had been said against him. "A
man has to be hit on the head here,"
said Mr. Strong. "I have banged Mr.
Corbett and nearly every member of the
committee. A public servant ought to be
willing to present these things for public
inspection, and I would move that Mr.
Corbett be appointed to see Mr. Simon
and ask him to present his charter to us
or the executive committee for consider
ation." Mr. Corbett Mr. Simon has not seen
our charter, and I would like to give him
a copy of It. If he is satisfied with It,
then the only difference will be in re
gard to a board of public works. Would
it not then be proper for you now here
to express your views that it is more
desirable to have a board of public works
or that such power be concentrated in the
mayor?
Mr. F. V. Holman thought it undigni
fied on the part of the committee to
take any such action. It had once decid
ed against a board of public works and
favored placing all responsibility on the
mayor.
Captain Kern was disappointed that a
copy of Mr. Simon's charter was not at
hand. A board of public works was his
pet hobby, but he would agree that the
greatest danger would be as to who
might be appointed as members of the
board. He wanted to know what the
duties of the board would be, and the
government of the city should be non
political, and, in the selection of the pro
posed board, whether it was to be di
vorced or wedded to politics.
Then followed an aimless discussion on
Mr. Simon, led off by James Foley. Mr.
Albert Smith spoke in defense of Mr.
Simon, saying he had a large majority of
the people at his back, and the support
of many of the Committee of One Hun
dred. He knew Mr. Simon as an honest,
energetic man, and one a good deal better
than some members of the committee.
Mr. J. W. Cook also spoke In defense of
Mr. Simon. The motion to have Mr. Cor
bett confer with Mr. Simon was finally
passed, but the question of a board of
public works was not acted upon as re
quested. The committee then adjourned,
to meet on Saturday.
PERSONAL MENTION.
Mr. J". R. Beege, a journalist of St. Hel
en's, is in the city.
Mr. John P. McManus, of tire Pendleton
Tribune, is in the city.
Mr. H. T. McCleallen, a hotel man of
Roseburg, is in the city.
Mr. James Cowan, a prominent demo
cratic politician of Albany, is in the city.
Dr. Sullivan, of Chehalls, Wash., was
among the visitors in Portland yesterday.
Mr. W. H. Leads, of Salem, the state
printer, registered yesterday at the Es
mond. Mr. S. Normlle, the contractor, of As
toria, is stopping with his family at the
Esmond.
Mr. R. W. Emmons, a well-known at
torney of Seattle, is in Portland on a
business trip.
Mr. M. H. Flint and Mr. Harry Lewis,
pestoffice inspectors, from San Francisco,
are at the Imperial.
Mr. J. J. Brumbach, the well-known
lawyer of Ilwaco, Wash., registered yes
terday at one of the hotels.
Mr. Frank J. Sullivan, of Seattle, su
perintendent of agencies of the Post-In-telllgencer,
was in the city yesterday.
Mr. Thomas R. Cornelius, of Washing
ton county, republican candidate for gov
ernor in 1SS6, and a well-known pioneer, is
at the St. Charles.
Mr. James D. Hoge, jr., business man
ager of the Post-Intelligencer, of Seattle,
was in the city yesterday. He returned
to Seattle last night.
Mr. J. F. McNaught, of Seattle, was In
town yesterday. He was enthusiastic o"er
the Seattle canal project. He said that
the canal from Lake Washington to the
Elliot bay tide fiats would be undoubted
ly pushed through within the next CO
days.
Dr. Jay Guy Lewis is back from his
trip to Southern Oregon, in the interests
of the pomological display(to be made at
aacramento, ana is now mamng prepara
tions for shipping an exhibit of apples
which he flatters himself will open the
eyes of the American Pomological So
ciety. Major Post, United States engineers,
has gone up to Corvallls, where the sur
vey party sent out last fall to map the
river is now encamped. He will make a
personal inspection of the river between
Corvallls and this city, to see what im
provements are necessary or advisable,
and arrive at an approximate estimate of
the cost.
Mr. William B. Turner, of McMInnville,
who is a candidate for the position of as
sistant clerk of the legislature, is in the
city. He filled that rosltion during the
last session. As there are only three of
the old members re-elected to this legis
lature, Mr. Turner thinks they will need
some of the old clerks In the house to
get them started right.
Senator B. F. Alley, of Florence, Lane
county, is at the Perkins, and expects to
leave for Salem today. Two years ago
his town constituents presented him with
a fine silk hat, with the understanding
that he should wear it while attending to
senatorial duties. He wore it all during
the last session, but this time it hangs up
at home, and he is content to travel with
a derby headgear. His constituents pro
pose that he fulfills the bond, and will
Insist that the plug hat go to Salem dur
ing the present session.
Mr. J. A. Rupert, a former resident of
Portland, but now engaged in the mer
chandising business at Bandon, Coos
county, is a guest at the Holton. Mr.
Rupert started for Portland January 1,
from home, on the steamer Bandorille,
being the only passenger on the vessel.
During the trip the steamer lost its rud
der, and for six days drifted helplessly on
the ocean,, but finally was able to make
Newport, Taqulna bay. Mr. Rupert had
a rough experience, but is glad enough to
be alive and again on dry land.
AMUSEMENTS.
Owing to the late success and demand
for comic opera from Portland theater
goers. Manager Cordray has decided to
have the favorite Pyke opera company
present the tuneful opera "Tar and Tar
tar," in his theater in Portland, com
mencing Monday night, January 14, for
one week. The "Tar and Tartar," "which
will be rendered under the excellent
leadership of Mr. Richard Stahl, has all
the elements of tuneful music, rich cos
tumes, clever libretto and humorous sit
uations to make it a success, and in the
hands of such competent artists as Laura
Millard, Louise Manfred, Al Leach, W. H.
West. F. Glllard and C. M. Pyke. it can
not help but please, while the chorus
gives more than acceptable support. All
theater-goers are pleased to hear of the
return of the favorite opera company to
Cordray's next Monday night.
o
Staging? in the Snow.
Dave Rogers, who drives the Prineville
stage between Trout creek and Bakeoven,
says the Prineville Review, had one of
those experiences one night this week that
illustrates some of the hardships of winter
stage-driving that are all but pleasant.
He was northbound, having discarded the
thoroughbrace at Trout creek and sub
stituted a sleigh. A heavy snow set in as
soon as the top of Cow canyon hill was
reached, and continued all the way across
the 15-mlle plateau from there to Bake
oven. Just before Cottonwood he could
follow the road no lenger, and struck out
for his destination without any guide. In
due time night came on, and nothing In
sight but one vast expanse of snow in
every direction, and not a stick of wood
nearer than the Cascade mountains. After
wandering around in the dark for a time,
he brought his team to a standstill, un
hitched, took a hatchet from the jockey
box, chopped his sleigh into firewood, built
a fire and sat by it until morning. As
soon as day came, he began to look about
him to find "where he was at," and found
he was near Ochoco gulch, and had just
broken camp and started in, when a re-
llief party came in sight.
JACKSON" AKD BANKS
GOVERJfO PEXXOYER'S POLITICAL
KXOWXEDGB QUESTIONED.
to "
Jackson 'Hesponsihle for Wildcat
Banks', aid Did "ot "Defy Them
la. tlie'Interesi ot the People."
OREGQXjCITY, Jan. 7. (To the Editor.)
Governor ,Pennoyer, in his Christmas
letter to President Cleveland, says: "Sixty
years ago .the democratic party had a
president! who defied the banks in the in
terest of, the people." The statement
shows an ignorance of what occurred 60
pears ago, unworthy the governor of a
great state. Andrew Jackson was presi
dent 60 years ago, and I propose to show
that Instead of defying the banks in the
manner stated, he made war upon one
bank only, and recommended the issu
ance of the notes of Innumerable state
and "wild-cat" banks directly against the
interests of the people. He caused the re
moval of the public money from the Bank
of the United States, where it was safe,
as had "been declared by a large majority
of a democratic congress, and where it
was drawing a premium in favor of the
people, and had it deposited In various
state banks, where it drew no premium
for the people, and where it was not safe,
as subsequent events fully proved. Hav
ing accomplished this, President Jackson
advised these state lanks to "issue freely"
their notes in order to supply the defici
ency in the currency, which would neces
sarily occur by the withdrawal of United
States bank notes from circulation in
winding up its affairs
The fact that President Jackson was in
favor of state banks is as susceptible of
proof as is the fact that he vetoed the
bill for rechartering the United States
bank. I make this statement on the au
thority of Mr. Duane, the secretary of the
treasury who was expelled from Jackson's
cabinet because he would not remove the
government deposits from the bank. It
had been determined to crush the bank.
Congress, at its session of 1S31-32, had been
appealed to for this purpose; but that
body, by a vote of more than two to one,
resolved that the public moneys were
safe In the Bank of the United States
and ought to remain there. What was to
be done? The bank must be crushed, aud
a democratic congress had refused to be
come Its executioner. Two or three
months prior to the meeting of the con
gress in December, 1833. Secretary Duane
was required to remove the. public moneys
to the state banks. He declined, and of
fered as his reasons the vote of the last
congress, and the near approach of the
meeting of the next congress; that the
question properly belonged to congrcss.d
and to that body it ought to be submitted.
I give the president's reply, as furnished
in the words of Mr. Duane's letter:
"If the last congress had remained a
week longer in session two-thirds would
have been secured to the bank by cor
rupt means; and a like result might be
apprehended at the next congress that
such a state- bank agency must be put
in operation before the meeting of con
gress as would show that the United
States bank was not necessary; and thus
some members would have no excuse for
voting for It."
From this it will be seen that President
Jackson not only favored state banks as
agents for the fiscal affairs of the gen
eral government, but that he put forward
the probable corruptibility of congress as
an excuse for usurping the powers and
duties of that body. A claimed purity of
motive in the president would apologize
for a revolution of the government. Per
haps the great shepherd of the demo
cratic sheepfold well understood the na
ture and character of his flock; but It is
doubtful If they were ever thus deserv
ing of the charge of corruption until af
ter he had taught them by example the
full Import of the declaration of Governor
Marcy that "to the victors belong the
spoils of the vanquished."
While the United States bank was con
tinued as the fiscal agent of the govern
ment, state banks were comparatively few
and far between. They were generally
distrusted, and were considered useful
only In the Immediate vicinity of their
respective locations. But under the in
spiration of President Jackson's policy, in
16 of the then 24 states, the amount of
bank capital incorporated between 1S32
and April, 1S34, was $42,909,000. This I have
from a table before me compiled and
printed at that date. In a speech made by
Thomas Corwln In the house, April, 1S34,
he drew attention to this fact, and pre
dicted that in less than five years, with
out a United States bank, the country
would see twice the number of state banks
then In existence. "Their notes." said he,
"will be flying everywhere thick as the
leaves of the forest In an autumnal hur
ricane, and about as valuable." His pre
diction as to the number of banks and the
value of their notes was fulfilled to the
letter. Four hundred and fifty banks ex
isted In the 24 states at one time. Every
citizen who was a lad in his teens at that
time and is now on the stage of action,
can well remember the ruin and distress
created by the failure of these banks
banks created at the instigation, we might
almost say, by the fiat, of that democratic
president, whom Governor Pennoyer says
"defied the banks in the interest of the
people."
In no period of our history has there
been such a shrinkage of values such
an utter prostration of all business such
a complete bankruptcy ampng-all classes
(if we may except the brokers who fat
tened on the distresses of the people) as
existed during the six or eight years be
ginning in Jackson's second term, and
covering all of and somewhat beyond Van
Buren's term. These Jackson banks had
in circulation seven paper dollars (so de
nominated) to one in specie in tljelr vaults.
No one but a fool in finance could expect
any other result than that such notes
would ultimately become nearly or entire
ly worthless.
Enough has been said to show the
falsity of the text quoted; but I venture,
with The Oregonian's leave, to go further,
and say 'that President Jackson was not
even opposed to a United States bank,
had he been called on or premltted to
dictate its charter. Hear him in his veto
message of July, 1832. I quote:
"A bank of the United States is, In
many respects, convenient to the govern
ment, and useful to the people. Enter
taining this opinion, and deeply impressed
with the belief that some of the powers
and privileges possessed by the existing
bank arg unauthorized by the constitu
tion," etc. "I felt it my duty, at an early
period o iny administration, to call the
attention of congress to the practicabil
ity of organizing an institution combin
lngall its advantages, and obviating these
objections. That a bank of the
United States, competent to all the duties
which may be required by the govern
ment, might be so organized as not to
infringe on our own delegated powers, or
the reserved rights of the states, I do not
entertain a doubt. Had the executive
been called on to furnish the project of
such an Institution, the duty would have
been cheerfully performed."
Here t will be seen that President
Jackson did not array himself in opposi
tion to any bank of the United States.
On the contrary, he declared that he did
not entertain a doubt that a bank might
be constitutionally organized. His words
even imply a rebuke to congress for not
calling onJiim to furnish a project of a
bank which he would have cheerfully
supplied.
In talking with democrats of the pres
ent day, they invariably claim that Jack
son was p-eyelected because of his opposi
tion to $31 Banks, and especially a national
bank. Plenty of facts can be adduced to
prove there is no warrant for such a
claim. In, ho canvass which ensued after
his vetonmessage it was boldly asserted
by the partisans of the president that he
was nofioimosed to a bank of the United
1 States, r; to the then existing bank, if
CUT THIS OUT
75ND
-
James Dagap. of Salem, Mass., died in June, 1893, with policies of insurance
upon his life aggregating 325,000. He had failed in business and suicide was suspected.
Here is a list of his policies and this is the way his insurance insured:
NAME OF COMPANY
Equitable Life Assurance Society
Northwestern Mutual Life Ins. Co
Mutual Benefit Life Ins. Co.
National Life Ins. Co. of Vermont
.Etna Life Ins. Co.
Mutual Life Insurance Co
State Mutual Life Assurance Co.
Massachusetts Mutual Life Ins. Co.
John Hancock Mutual Life Ins. Co.
Home Life Insurance Co
New England Mutual Life Ins. Co.
Berkshire Life Ins. Co.
The Manhattan Life Insurance
Insurance Tlisit
208m209210
Oiregonian Building
its charter were properly amended. They
had Jackson's own words for their au
thority. They maintained, at least wher
ever those friendly to a national bank
were In a majority, that his re-election
would bo followed by a recharter of the
bank, with proper amendments, such as
he would suggest. The people were every
where told that General Jackson vetoed
the bank bill because It was brought be
fore him too soon for electioneering pur
poses, and because he disapproved cer
tain modifications of the charter, and be
cause foreigners were permitted to and
did own stock in the bank; but that he
would, after his election, give his appro
bation to a national bank, properly guard
ed. Though but a lad at my trade at the
time, I can well remember this fact much
better than I can remember occurrences
of a later date. But I have the printed '
testimony of such eminent democrats as
Calhoun, McDuffle and W. IC Clowney of
South Carolina, Mr. Clayton of Georgia,
and Henry A. Wise of Virginia. These
men, with the exception perhaps of Wise,
belonged to the extreme states'-rlghts
wing of the democratic party. They were
opposed to a national bank in any form,
and gave as a reason, though not the
chief reason, for their opposition to Jack
son's re-election his being In favor of a
national bank. They spoke and voted,
however, for a restoration of the deposits
to the bank. They believed in the gov
ernment keeping inviolate its contract
with the bank so long as that Institution
complied with the conditions Imposed on
it in the terms of its charter, which they
testified It had done. Theirs was the falth
keeplng principle toward the bank so long
as It had a legal right to existence. In
this they were consistent and honest,
however pernicious may have been their
nullification ideas.
In addition to the testimony of the men
mentioned above, may be given the testi
mony of such eminent whlgs as Clay,
Webster, Thomas Ewlng, Horace Bin
ney, Thomas Corwln, Tristram Burges,
J. Q. Adams and George M. Bibb and
Chilton Allan, of Kentucky, all of whom
testify that Jackson was professedly a
bank man, and some of them show that
he was electioneered for on that ground,
where there was a strong sentiment in
favor of the bank. It is not claimed,
however, that Jackson would have been
defeated had his declarations been un
equivocally in opposition to any and all
banks. His overshadowing popularity
was such that he could have been elected
on any side of any question. No matter
what the Issue before the country the
finances, tariff, constitutional liberty, the
execution of the laws, the removal of the
deposits by an illegal process, or the de
struction of a bank there was one argu
ment that was always ready, one that
was equally applicable to all subjects, one
that eaually proved, the truth of all prop
ositions, and answered all objections, one
that was equally potent to overthrow all
that was established, and to uphold all the
innovations that were projected. This
magical wonder-working argument was,
"General Jackson licked the British at
the battle of New Orleans!" "Hurrah for
Jackson, bank or no bank!" was a cry
that echoed In the ears of old whigs long
after "Old Hickory" had ceased to vex
the land with its stormy and vengeful
nature.
Here a thought I have several times
read in The Oregonian and elsewhere
forces itself to the mind. It is that the
democratic party is not now, and never
was, capable of legislating successfully
on any question Involving public Interests.
It has no constructive ability. Its early
leaders were patriotic; they abhorred
tyranny, and could give voice and pen, if
not their blood, to destroy it. But they
knew not how to build a political fabric
on which liberty might firmly stand. As
one writer puts it, "they could not even
construct a political chicken coop." And
so it has been in every vicissitude through
which the country has passed. Its in
stincts and Inherent powers are destruc
tive. Being so constituted, it Is but
natural that we should find it today with
out even the element of patriotism in its
veins. No tyranny to war against, It
must e'en war upon the vitals of its own
country. we may safely challenge its
ablest writers and speakers to point out
a single democratic party measure that
ever lnurned to the benefit of tne people.
We may as safely challenge them to point
to a. measure that party ever enactcu. that
did not bring evil in its train.
The democratic Idea prevailed In estab
lishing the Confederacy that grew out of
the revolution. Financial distress and
ruin followed. There was no cohesive
power, and the Confederacy became but
little better than a rope of sand. The
Hamlltonlan policy prevailed In the for
mation of the federal constitution. Under
the plastic hand of Hamilton, a system
of finance was constructed that gradu
ally lifted the country out of its distress.
Commerce revived; the husbandman found
a market for his produce, and' the people
were happy under their growing pros
perity until the year 1511, when the first
PASTE IT IJl
AMOUNT
OF POLICY
$50,000
25,000
25,000
l. 15,000
- 10,000 125,000-J
$85,000
30,000
20,000 '
20,000
15,000
10,000
10,000 190,000
Company 10,000
Insures
Sold by
S. E. MULFORDI
Manager
NORTHJsTSST PKC1PIC DEPKRTWBNT
JVIsmhattati Irife Insut? smee Co.
national bank charter expired, and a. dem
ocratic president vetoed the bill for its
renewal. Then followed a period of panic,
disaster and ruin until 1816, when congress
passed a bill for a new bank charter, and
Madison, under the pressure of public
opinion, was Induced to sign it. This gave
us the bank upon which Jackson, 16
years later, made such savage warfare.
During Its continuance, the country grad
ually grew into a condition of prosperity.
The reader is already familiar with what
fololwed the manner of its taking off.
And we may here conclude with saying
that from that day to thjs, In no instance,
has a democratic administration legislated
upon a question of finance or tariff with
out bringing on the country a financial
panic, accompanied by ruin and distress
to a greater or less degree. Not an in
stance. Let who can show to the con
trary. . E. WARNER.
THE ELDER FLOATED.
The Steamer Released Prom Her Un
pleasant Position.
The steamer George W. Elder, which
ran aground at the foot of Swan island
Monday, was floated yesterday afternoon
and brought up to the coal bunkers. A
part of her cargo was lightered and the
vessel slid off without assistance from the
tugs. Captain Rathbone, of the Oregon
Railway & Navigation Company, says
the steamer was not damaged by being
run aground in seven feet of water. The
Elder had a cargo of coal and salmon
from the Sound, and was in charge of
Pilot Phil Johnson. The pilot says that
the steamer took a sheer in rounding the
point, and before she could be brought
to time was hard and fast In the mud. It
is also claimed that the tiller ropes were
new and would not work easily. The
Elder is steered by hand and not by
steam, like the other steamers, but this
does not alter the pilot's responsibility.
There is considerable unfavorable com
ment in regard to the grounding of the
steamer. It Is understood that the cost
of removing cargo and getting the
steamer off was not less than $1500, and
that it will be a case of general average.
As for the vessel having been given a
"sheer" by the current, it is claimed that
a pilot is employed to guard against such
accidents and that he ought to be able
to figure on the strength of the current
and take precautions to prevent it from
running him ashore. As a shipper re
marked yesterday, Mr. Johnson is an old
and experienced pilot, but he is getting
too old for the work.
Tells a. Tnle of SMmvreck.
FORT TOWNSEND, Wash., Jan. 9.
The stanchion found by the tug Pioneer
last week, 90 miles southwest of Cape
Flattery, was examined today by ex
Flrst Officer Crockett, late of the Mont
serrat, who says positively it did not
come from that vessel, but belonged to
the Collier Keweenaw. Shipping men unite
In the opinion that the stanchion belonged
to some large steamer, and are positive
it did not come from a sailing vessel.
In the vicinity where it was found, the
Pioneer saw hundreds of big logs adrift
It is supposed they came from tne rait
lost off the Oregon coast some time agV.
Some shipmasters advance the theory
that one of the colliers became disabled
and was in tow of the other, when both
vessels got in among the drifting log3
and were wrecked and sent to the bot
tom. If this theory Is correct, It probably
accounts for the stanchion not drifting
to the north on Vancouver Island.
Cargo Ship Leakine.
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 9. A dispatch
to the Merchants' Exchange this morning
from New York says that the ship James
Nesmlth, from New York for San Fran
cisco, has put into Bermuda, leaky, and
her cargo has shifted.
A Gasoline Schooner.
The first gasoline schooner to visit Puget
sound Is the Maro, of San Francisco, now
under charter, having a cargo of general
merchandise for Sound cities. The Maro
is a new vessel, and is going north to
Take no substitute for
Cleveland's Baking Powder.
It is pure and sure.
The best that money can buy.
YOU$ H&T
WHAT THE
COMPANIES DID
CCJfiTESTIfiG
THE
CLtHIJW.
SETTIiED
THE
BY
"CO$ap$0iIISE."
Paid the Claim in Full
i-
enter into competition with the schoonera
Ellwood, formerly the government sur
vey vessel Yukon, and the St. Lawrence,
which, for the past year, have been driv
ing a flourishing trade in halibut.
The Lncni Still Afloat.
The brig T. W. Lucas, which was aban
doned October 24 off Umpqua bay, is still
afloat. Captain Bottger, master of the
schooner Lily, which arrived at San Fran
cisco January 2, reported sighting the
derelict vessel one mile off Umpqua. Her
stern post was well up, and occasional
heavy seas were breaking over her. The
captain considered the wreck a danger
to navigation. The derelict was in nearly
the same place where she was first sighted
after her abandonment. Since the crew
left her, she has drifted back and forth)
a distance of nearly 100 miles.
Marine Notes.
The. Standard discharged coal at tho
bunkers yesterday.
The Breidablik left down the river yes
terday, with a full cargo of wheat.
The Clackmannanshire, which arrive
up Tuesday, was docked at Shafer's yes
terday.
The Wray Castle, with grain from Port
land for Cork, was spoken, November 27,
in 21 south, 126 west.
The Masters' and Pilots' Association wiU
hold a meeting Saturday evening for tha
purpose of installing the new officers.
All the grain ships in the harbor were
working yesterday, except the Glenlin,
Donna Franclsca, Marion Balantyne, Moel
Tryvan and Bracadale.
The "naturalized" bark Archer, nowi
loading coal in British Columbia, for
Honolulu, will go on a permanent run
between San Francisco and the Islands.
Domestic anil Foreign Ports.
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 9. Freights
Bundaleer, 912 tons, lumber, from Hast
ings mill for Santa Rosalia; H. C. Wright,
276 tons, coal from Departure bay for
Honolulu; John C. Potter, 1182 tons, coal
from Departure bay for this port; W. G.
Irwin, 331 tons, assorted cargo, for Hono
lulu. SYDNEY, N. S. W., Jan. 9. Steamship
Warrimoo arrived here Tuesday, January
8, all well.
HOQUIAM, Wash., Jan 8. Arrived
Steamer Point Loma, from San Francisco.
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 9. Departed
State of California, for Astoria and Port
land; ship Dashing Wave, for Tacoma;
schooner Maid of Orleans, for Wlllapa
bay; schooner Jennie Ward, for Tacoma:
schooner General Banning, for Clallam
bay; Arago, for Coos bay.
NEW YORK, Jan. 9. Arrived Teu
tonic, from Liverpool; Noordland, from
Antwerp; Maasdam, from Rotterdam,
Furnesia, from Glasgow. Sailed Adriatic,
for Liverpool; Obdam, for Rotterdam;
Westernland, for Antwerp; Neckar, for
Naples. Arrived out New York, at South
ampton; Circassian, at Moville; Peruvian,
at Glasgow. Sailed for New York Au
gusta iVctorla, from Southampton; Thing
valla, from Christiana. Sighted Werk
endam, New York for Rotterdam, passed
the Lizard.
HOTEL ARRIVALS.
THE PORTLAND.
A A Crocker, S F
Wm Mackle. S F
C S Fuller, brig
New York
B J Smith. S F
J M Maxwell, Ib-;
diananolls
J L Fuller, S F
H Levy, N Y
J W Hewitt, Omaha
J F McNaught, Se
m-ea srancn, N i
A B Calder, Tacoma
J H Shunk, Chicago
Mrs J D Radford &
daughter, Bozeman
G W Rorman, St PI.
H A Bowers, Boston
W D Haynes and wf.
attle
R W Emmons, Se
attle James D Hoge, jr,
Seattle
E W Marvin, Troy,
N Y
E E Stoddard, Chi
eeuiuu
cago j
Rainier Grand Hotel, Seattle.
Opened October 29. American plan rates
$3 to $5. De L. Hnrbaugh, Prop.
Occidental hotel. Seattle, removed to
Thlrdand Cherry st3. A. A. Seagrave. prop.