Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 1, 1895)
A GOVERNMENT POST azicou.irer, "WasliirLgtori, a, Prosper ... ous Trade Center. M OLDrESTABLISHED Located on the Columbia Eiver Xear Fortlarxcl, Connected "With. tlie J3iz City Both toy an Electric Eailway and. by- Steamboat Lines. giv r 4XCOUVER, "Washington, Is often confounded in the minds of Eastern people with Vancouver, British Columbia, The latter point is the' terminus of the Canadian Pacific rail way, and through the ex tensive advertising done toy the railroad company throughout the Eastern and Middle states Its mer its are as fully appreciated In the country bordering on the Atlantic seaboard as they are In Portland, Oregon, only a few hun dred miles to the south. Vancouver, "Wash- Ington, on the other hand, while a trad ing center of considerable prominence and the seat of one of the most important mil itary posts of the West, has not yet been favored with transcontinental railroad connection, and as a result it has never been the recipient of the favors bestowed on important railroad points of the West toy the advertising bureaus of the leading transcontinental lines. Vancouver demands notice in the pres ent issue of The Oregonian for the reason that, while it Is a Washington city, it is within such close proximity to Portland that its interests and those of the big city on the Willamette are identical. Vancou ver can hardly be termed a suburb of Portland, ye't the close arrangements for traffic between the two cities are such that any man can do business in the latter Dlace and live in Vancouver with the fiame easy advantages for reaching his Lome after his day's work Is done as he might have In reaching any of the outside districts of the city on the Willamette. In addition to the suburban line of elec tric railway which makes frequent trips during the day and night between Port land and a point on the Columbia river opposite Vancouver, where connection is made witli a commodious steam ferry, aiumerous lines of river boats ply on the Willamette and Columbia rivers between the two cities. Vancouver, across the well-built part of Portland known as the peninsula, is only seven miles distant from the business center of the latter city, and from that part of Portland bordering on the northern limits the distance to the point of ferry connection on the Columbia river does not exceed two miles. Vancouver is a place of more than usual historical interest in the annals of the 2'aciflc Xorthwest. Many of the promi nent figures in the civil war spent their earlier years in the service of the army at Vancouver barracks, and during the In dian disturbances of the first settlement of the Pacific Northwest Vancouver was the principal rendezvous for troops and supplies for the entire section now em braced within the limits of Oregon, Wash inton and Idaho. The Columbia river, on which Vancou ver is located, is the principal watercourse of the coast. It was first discovered in 1792 by Captain Gray in the ship Columbia, from which the stream wa's named. A few years later Captain George Vancou ver, an intrepid English explorer, sailed up this river to the site of the present citv whlch bears his name. Vancouver is a. little more than 100 miles inland from the ocean. With the exception of a short bar immediately below the city, this noint reached by vessels of the deepest draft mat irequont tne river, and. as this bar can be easily removed at a small expense, "Vancouver is assured of all the advan tage of a deep-water port as soon as the conditions of the city will allow the place to avail ltstf of these advantages. The first settlement of note made in the Pacittc Xorthwest was at Astoria in 1S1. In 1SSS the Hudson's Bay Company estab lished an Important trading post at Van couver, and next to Astoria this is the oldest town in Oregon and Washington today. At that time the entire territory lying between Alaska and the northern tooundary line of California was miti Oregon, and It was held jointly by the United States and En Cland. under th nrn. ! ,.1-1...... r . ... - -, :-"- ' .... ui . ircsiy e&eciuea in isis. The central station of the Hudson's Bay Com panj' was at Vancouver, and it was from this point that the immense business of the companj- was princlpallj- handled. In 3S2S. when the treatj- for the joint occupation of the territorj- north of Cali fornia by the United States and England toad expired, the Hudson's Bay Company was practically In possession of Oregon. It was the groat commercial body of the territorj. the entire trade of which passed through its hands, and the enforcement of the few laws that existed was practi cally in its hands. In that year, however, the two governments agreed that the joint occupation should continue until notice of the proposed termination of this agree ment should be given by one of the parties to tho contract. At that time St. Louis was the outpost of civilization in the East and it was the great center of the fur trade of the West. As settlement crowd d westward beyond St. Louis, however HUDSON'S BAY CO.'S POST Red river country. This was done to reports of the rich agricultural lands and the promise of the mines of Oregon terri tory -were carried across the plains over the summits of the Rocky mountains. These reports enlisted interest in the minds of Eastern people regarding Ore gon, and immigration prepared to turn its steps westward toward the shores of the Columbia river. In 1S3S Dr. Marcus Whit man set out for Oregon at the head of a party of missionaries. Immediately after Dr. "Whitman's arrival, the Hudson's Bay Company began a systematic effort for the colonization of Oregon, settlers for this purpose having been brought from the PROMINENT BUILDINGS. VANC UYER. strengthen the claim of England to all of Oregon as a colony occupied principally by her own people. Mr. Whitman, who was Intensely loyal to the interests of his own country, started for Washington in October, 1S42, for the express purpose of thwarting the plans of England for ob taining possession of Oregon. On his ar rival in Washington he was chagrined to learn that the treaty settling the boundary line on the Pacific coast between England and the United States had been signed, but that the territory of Oregon had been left out of the consideration altogether. Dr. Whitman at once set himself to the performance of the self-imposed task of properly informing the administration of the true value of Oregon, and, with the object in view of a thorough colonization of this territory by immigrants from the United States, he undertook to organize companies of immigrants for settlement in the far West. So successful were these efforts that at the close of 1SU there were upward of SOW Americans settled in the territory of Oregon. In 1S4G, England, real izing the claims of the United States to this territory owing to the early discov eries of Lewis and Clarke and the later occupancy of Oregon by its people, signed a treaty, and all that part of the country west of the Rocky mountains and south of the 49th parallel of latitude was ceded to the United States. The early immigrants to Oregon settled In the western part of the territory, in what is today known as the Willamette valley. The control of Vancouver and the territory north of the Columbia river by the Hudson's Bay Companj', a British or ganization which favored British occu pancy of this country, was a factor con sidered by immigrants from the United States In locating south of the line of the great river. It was this choice of Ameri can settlers which led to the location of Portland, at its present site in 1S10, and it was this same early occupancy of the lands of Oregon south of the Columbia river that prevented Vancouver from at taining any early Importance as a trading point. Until the Hudson's Bay Company withdrew from Vancouver, the latter IKJint retained its early prominence as a trading post, but it was without prestige as a commercial center. Vancouver today is a prosperous center of trade, with a population of from 5000 to WW. It has numerous public buildings, handsome business blocks, and all the modern conveniences of electric lishts. electric street railways, etc. Clarke coun ty, of which the city is the judicial seat, is a rich fanning and timber district, the trade from which alone would easily sup port a trading center of considerable im portance. Some of the finest prune or chards in the Pacific Xorthwest are lo cated in Clarke county, and it is one of the most thickly settled parts of the state. The forests of this county contain large supplies of the finest timber, and the saw ing of this supports four well-equipped saw mills at Vancouver. In addition to farm products, Clarke county raises con siderable livestock, and the sale of this stock affords a large revenue to the farm ers here. The establishment of a modern creamery plant at Vancouver about one year ago has encouraged dairying on a large scale on the rich bottom lands of the county, and keeping milch cows is to- dav nni of th ranct nmfitiihlL nc,.w.. - . - . ... --.w.w jm.ou.u. ..i ancouver's trlbutarj- territorj-. Extend ed and detailed description of this cream ery will be found in a well-written article immediately following the descriptive mat ter on Vancouver. The moat important Industrj- of Clarke countj- at the present time is fruit cul ture. Special attention has been given here bj the fruitgrower to prune orchards. The soils of all of these lands seem especially- adapted to the most successful growing- of prunes, and the large prune orchards in the immediate vicinitj of Van couver are among the best-kept orchards of the coast- The Italian prunes of Clarke county have attained an enviable reputa tion, and the sales of this fruit furnish a most important source of revenue to the countj-. The site of Vancouver is an attractive one. It occupies a gently sloping plot on the north side of the Columbia river a site that commands a superb view of the Cascade range of mountains and of the THE lOBXPsa intervening stretch or country lying be tween the river and Portland. It is the seat of a number of prominent state in stitutions. Among these are the school for defective youth and the school for the feeble-minded. The buildings of thesS schools occupy commanding sites beyond the military barracks, an elevation which overlooks the Columbia river for a num ber of miles along Its course. The Clarke county courthouse is an imposing and modem structure, completed about two years ago at a cost of $75,000. Other nota ble buildings here-are the fine Catholic cathedral, handsome public schools, a Catholic academy for girls and. a school of the same denomination for boys. These buildings have all been erected with a view to the architectural appearance of the city, and they are as Imposing In ap pearance as many of the public structures of the large Eastern centers. VANCOUVER. BARRACKS. Moit Attractive Military Tost la the "West. XE of the most attractive army posts in the "United States is that of Vancouver barracks. This post occupies a site ad joining the city limits of Van couver on the east. The his tory of the post Is replete with interest, and It occupies one of the most important places in the annals of "Western litera ture. Vancouver was first oc cupied by the government in 1S43, and for nearly half a cen tury it has been one of the most import ant military posts of the country. The site covers one square mile, and It occu pies a plat gently sloping toward the Columbia that commands the same effect ive view as does the site on which the business part of the adjoining city is built. The first troops to occupy the barracks here were two companies of artillery un der the command of Major Hathaway. These troops first stacked their arms on the present site of the post in May, 1SU. Subsequently, Captain Rufus Ingalls, af terward General Ingalls, arrived at Van couver, and it was under his immediate direction that quarters were erected for the accommodation of the officers and men at the post. Vancouver barracks soon became the military post of the Pacific Xorthwest. As the population of Oregon and-Washington increased, outlying posts at remote stations v. ere established, but Vancouver still remained the base of sup plies, and the general orders were issued from this latter station by the command ing officer who made this his head quarters. The first important engagement partici pated in by troops from Vancouver was m the Rogue River Indian war of 1S51. The famous general. Phil Kearny, then in command of a number of companies, was en route to San Francisco from Vancou ver overland. On reaching the Rogue river in Southern Oregon he found an In dian war was being waged on the settlers there. The intrepid Kearny at once or dered his men to attack the savages who had congregated in the valley in large numbers, and in the memorable conflict of Table Rock he defeated and almost annihilated the Indiirs. In the early 50s, U. S. Grant was stationed at Vancouver as regimental quartermaster. Among the officers who afterward gained great dis tinction in the army at Vancouver were Wool. Harnej". Gtcrge Wright, Crook. Davis. Rosseau, Canbj-. Howard, Miles, Gibbon. Kautz. MiCIellan, Bonneville. Morris. Granger, Sully. Morrow. Augur, Ord. Ingalls. Loring. Pickett and Sher idan. The many Indian uprisings in the Xorth west, the last of which occurred In 1S77, were promptlj quelled bj- troops under command of officers sent from Vancouver barracks. The post, as before stated, has plaj-ed a most important part in the his tory of the Xorthwest. and it is one of the historic spots of interest on the coast. Vancouver post is now the headauartcrs f I, " -" """ "" "w- " -c MAWUFftcTUR,NG ROOM. 'Tj;ii;jlayL U Qs!kNLj ;( mkSCsi :rl?CS5s CHURNROOM. ioULDING ROOM 'Zl OREGOKIAS TUESDAY, of the department of the Columbia. It is garrisoned by several' companies of in fantry, and by. one company of cavalry. It is in command of Colonel Thomas M. Anderson, of the Fourteenth United States infantry. Including enlisted officers, men of the post and families of officers there are today stationed here i early 1000 persons. The department grounds arc handsomely laid out, and they are well kept. The residences and barracks for the men are all modern structures. The regular routine cf army life is closely fol lowed here. This includes drills, guard mounts, band concerts, and the parade grounds of the post furnish a most at tractive rendezvous for both the people of Vancouver and residents of Portland. The establishment of this post here is of considerable importance to the com mercial Interests of Vancouver. The store keepers reap a considerable revenue from the large amounts of money regularly paid out at the post, and the steady pros perity cf the city, even during the greneral business depression of the past year, has been due somewhat to the trade which the post has created for Vancouver's business men. TRANSPORTATION LIXES. Vancouver Is Reached toy Bouts and Cars. 1 the winding course of the Willamette and Columbia riv ers Vancouver is 18 miles dis tant from Portland. Across the peninsula separating the two cities, however, as he fore stated, the distance be tween Portland and Vancou ver is but seven miles. Sev eral lines of fast river steam ers ply between the two points, the regular faro each way being 25 cents. The crreat artery of travel be tween Vancouver and Portland is the finely equipped electric line which runs Into the latter city over the magnificent new Burnside-street bridge, and which connects with the fast steam ferry at a point on the Columbia river immediately opposite Vancouver. Regular trips at in tervals of 40 minutes throughout the day are made over this line, and the time oc cupied by the entire journey between the southern terminus of the road and the landing of the ferry at Vancouver is less than one hour. A short line of railroad, 14 miles in length, runs from Vancouver In a northerly direction into a rich agri cultural and timber belt of country. There is an excellent prospect of extending this line to a possible connection with the Xorthern Pacific at or near Xorth Yak ima. In 1S90 work was commenced on the construction of a bridge across the Colum bia at Vancouver for the Union Pacific Railroad Company, which at that time was constructng a line north from Port land to Seattle on Puget sound. The road at that time was in charge of Charles Francis Adams as president. When the Gould interests obtained possession of the Union Pacific all work on the partially constructed extension to Seattle was stopped, and since that time the com pany's affairs have not been in such shape that work could be resumed on what promised to be one of the most important extensions of the Union Pacific in the West. SPARS AND PILING. Larjrest Company in This Iiiuc on the Coast 'Los) Cedar Poles and TIea. XE of the greatest industries of Van couver is gettlngout piling, logs, cedar poles, ship spars, etc., from the heavy timber belt back of that city. This timber- belt Is reached by the railroad of "the V., K. & Y. R. R. Co., the length of the line being 12 miles. Tnls is one of the best-paying pieces of railroad property on the coast, and an evi dence of the extent the business of spars and piling has at tained in Vancouver can be appreciated from the statement that the principal traffic of the road is received from this source. The firm engaged in this industry Is that of Messrs. P. C. MccFarlanc & Son, com posed of P. C. and Charles E. MacFar lane. This firm recently supplied the pil ing for the new dock of the O. R. & X. Co., at Portland, built to replace the old dock destroyed by fire in September last, and the government jetty at the mouth of the Columbia, and they are constantly shipping cargoes of piling and spars to the San Francisco market. The firm makes a specialty of ship spars and extra long logs and piling, and they can quote delivery prices to any part of the coast. One ad vantage they offer patrons is that they cut everything to order. An order re ceived today by the firm is in the hands of the loggers tomorrow, when the actual work of cutting commences and the work of filling the order proceeds at the rate oi, SQ0O linear feet a day until completed. I Tne address of this hrm is Vancouver, I Washington, and all orders received by them will receive the most prompt atten tion. Poivder-Uox Ont of Date. Xew York World. If you aspire to be fashionable you must scorn the powder-box. The powder bowl-j in repousse stiver has taken its place, j This bowl is gold-lined and a gonieous i addition to milad's dressing-table. It is ! of generous size, to accommodate the ! fashionable puff, which is a great ball of i ! down, resplendent with a long silver handle. When the other toilet articles 02 the dress! lg-table are mounted In Dresden china, the puff ball has a long Dresden china handle to match. Another noveltj- for milady's dressing table is the silver case for holding dental floss. The case is shaped like a large sli ver spool, and the monogram on the top Indicates the extent to which this craze has gone. JA2JTUA2IT 1, iS9o. THE STAR BREWERY OXE OP THE GREAT BREWING PLANTS OP "WASHINGTON. An. Important Industry at Vancoaver HIkH Quality- of the Product, and the Field It Sells la. OMPETITIOX in the production of Amer ica's most popular beverage, beer, has been so sharp the past few years that it has resulted in the production generally In this country of a higher grade of the foamy thirst-quenching beverage than is produced elsewhere in the world excepting Germany. Brew eries that do not turn out a first-class article cannot survive. It is due entirely to the very superior character of its products that the Star brewery of Vancouver has since it became the property of the I. Gerlinger Company acquired such a distinguished and well merited reputation. The brewery has been in existence for a number of years, and until its change of ownership never had much more than a local trade and reputa tion. About six months ago the place was purchased by the present proprietors, and immediately extensive alterations were commenced. Modern machinery was introduced, different departments were enlarged, and the result is a thoroughly equipped modern plant, with an annual capacity of 12,000 barrels. But, while it is desirable, and, for that matter, essential, to have a first-class mechanical equip ment for the operation of a brewery, it is at the same time an absolute necessity to have men to conduct the brewery who are competent and experienced, otherwise it would be impossible to produce a high grade oC beer. The Star brewery in this particular is exceedingly fortunate. Mr. L. Gerlinger has had a practical experience of 15 years in the brewing business in .....- v...ww. ......? uv.., utuihc j.. uci- Itoser, , an experienced practical and theoretical brewer, having graduated with honors from the American brewing acad emy of Chicago. Mr. Adam Mueller, the superintendent of the brewery, has had many years experience as a brewer. He is a graduate of the Munich brewing acad emy, and acquired his practical knowledge of the brewing business in that great cen ter of the beer trade in Germany. It will thus be seen that the new propri etors combine between them a rare degree of knowledge and experience, and it is, therefore, not surprising that when the first products of the brewery under Its new management were placed upon the market they found many eager purchas ers. It has been, and will always be. their aim to furnish the public with a grade of beer that is with out a superior on the Pacific coast. They use only the very best hops and malt, and in addition they are extremely fortunate in the possession of an unlim ited supply of the best water that could possibly be found for brewing purposes. Xo one but a practical brewer appreciates fully what this means. It is often the case that where precisely the same grade of material is used, the same process fol lowed, and the mechanical appliances are the same, there will be a marked differ ence in the quality of the beer produced. The difference is in such cases all due to the water, and, as previously stated, the Star brewery is extremely fortunate in 1 having an unlimited supply of water of a character necessary to secure the best re- I suits in brewing. The water is obtained THE MyiCOTJVEH CSEHJWEHV. from an artesian well that is nearly 200 feet deep. Within the limited period that the brew ery has been in the hands of the present proprietors, thej- have succeeded, purely through merit and the excellence of their products, in placing their beer in two-score or more places in Portland, besides secur ing a considerable trade at manv tiIhpp?: up and down the river. To have accom dished so much in cHnrf n tm0 o,i .. .i. a . . . uu iue iu recora a sieaaj- increase in tne demand for the products of the brewery, is the best compliment that could be paid to the character of the Star brewcrj' beer. On the 1st of December the company started a bottling department, and they have alreadj- secured a trade of consider able proportions for their beer put up in this stj-le. For bottling purposes a select ed malt and a peculiar combination of do mestic and foreign hops is used, and the result is a grade of beer that for purity, flavor, and all other good qualities so much desired in this beverage the Star brewery's bottled goods will rank with the best and most famous products of any ot the great American breweries. For bottling purposes they will use the new bottle seal, which is the neatest, cleanest, tightest and handiest stopper in. the world. It combines all the good qual ities of corks and patent stoppers, and has none of their objectionable ones. It meets instant favor with both dealer and cus tomer. Carbonated or fermented bever ages put up in seal bottles never get flat, for the reason that every particle of gas is retained, something that cannot be ac complished perfectly by the use of either corks or patent stoppers. The use of seal bottles, therefore, assures good drinks. The ease and rapidity with which seal bottles can be opened is astonishing. If a regular opener is not at hand, ap pointed device will answer instead, such as an ice-pick, a button-hook, etc. The seal has a pure tasteless facing inside that avoids the rubber taint, so common in patent stoppers. It is used but once, so that every bottle has a fresh, clean stop per. As the seal is the only patent stop per in the world that, like a cork, is used but once, it can readily be seen that the seal system is the best in the world for sealing bottles. Every proprietor of a saloon and every dispenser of drinks who desires to keep abreast of the times and get the best should .order Star brewery beer, put up in patent seal bottles. Everything in all departments is now in thorough running order, and the company is prepared to fill orders for either keg or bottled beer, in any quantities. Vancou ver Is indeed fortunate in having added to her population such a combination of enterprislrg gentlemen as those who com prise the L. Gerlinger Company. It is the acquisition of such enterprising citizens, and the establishing and pushing of indus trial enterprises like this one is, that helps build up a thriving and prosperous com- Umunity. But combined with enterprise in the brewing business it is absolutely .nec essary, as before stated, to have experi ence and to employ none but the best in gredients in the manufacture of beer, and as all these requirements are happily com bined in this institution it does not re quire any great degree of foresight to pre dict for the L. Gerlinger Company a long uiill inirniv rirnsnprnua rniraai 'rrin vyt ana nigmy prosperous career. The Port- I land branch and coHsede-pTrtment of the brewery is located at 525 Union avenue. TALMAGE ON HEREDITY. Blood Is Sure to Tell in Physical and Moral Qualities. Xow, the longer I live, the more I be lieve in blood good blood, bad blood, proud bldod, humble blood, honest blood, thieving blood, heroic blood, cowardly blood, writes the Rev. T. DeWitt Tal mage in the Ladies Home Journal. The tendency may skip a generation or two, but it is sure to come out, as in a little child you sometimes see a similarity to a great-grandfather whose picture hangs on the wall. That the physical and men tal and moral qualities are inheritable is patent to any one who keeps his eyes open. The similarity is so striking sometimes as to be amusing. Great families, regal or literary, are apt to have the characteristics all down through the generations, and what is more perceptible in such families may be seen in a smaller scale in all families. A thousand years have no power to ob literate the difference. The large lip of the house of Austria is seen in all the descendants, and is called the Ilapsburg lip. The house of Stuart always means, in all generations, cruelty and bigotry and sensuality. Witness Queen of Scots. Witness Charles I. and Charles II. Wlt- ness James I. and James II., and all the others of that imperial line. Scotch blood means persistence. Dutch blood means cleanliness and good breed ing. English blood means reverence for the ancient. Welch blood means religios-itj-. Danish blood means fondness for the sea. Indian blood means roaming dispo sition. Celtic blood means ferviditj-. Reman blood means conquest. The Hebrew facultj- for accumulation j-ou may trace clear back to Abraham, of whom the Bible saj-s, "He was rich in silver and gold and cattle," and to Isaac and Jacob, who had some familj- char acteristics. -, Force of Projectiles. One of the new rifles used by the Italian soldiers sends a ball with force enough to go through five Inches of solid oak at a distance 01 Vf feet. STAR BREWERY, VANCOUVER. From a sketch by The Vregonian 'artist. BOTTER AND CHEESE THE COMPLETE CREAStERY rLAXT AT VANCOUVER. An Object Lson tor the Farmers o the Northwest An Incrensln;; So - maud for the Best Batter. HE Vancouver creamery, al though a young and compara tively new enterprise, is never theless one of the most flour ishing and important industries of Clarke county. The lands of this section have long been noted for their desirability for grazing purposes, and it only required the- establishment of a creamery and cheese factory such as this one is in order to give a proper impetus to the dairying Interests or this portion of Wash ington. That this long-neglected industry is prof itable to farmers is demonstrated by the success of the Vancouver Creamery Com pany. This company was organized some thing like IS months ago. Operations wero at once begun on the constniction of the plant, and on October 21. 1S93. the first butter was churned. The accompanying illustration Is a sectional view of the inte rior of the building, and gives an excel lent idea of the very practical arrange ment of the different departments. A brief description of the manner of operat ing the creamery will in this connection prove instructive. The milk when it arrives is received and weighed, and is then emptied into large vats in the milk-receiving room. From thence it is conveyed by a pipe to the Dc Laval separators, which are located in a corner of the manufacturing room. For the enlightenment of those who have not kept themselves informed of the progress made in the machinery and appliances pertaining to the dairying business, it may be stated that these separators since their introduction in this country, about 12 years ago. have effected a revolution in the methods of manufacturing both butter i .i i ti ... I iTr ,hc mim : (orTS&c SS. f of time for the cream to rise to the top. alter which the latter was skimmed off The- separators do" away with this old fashioned process of obtaining the cream, and make it possible to separate the cream or butter fats immediately after the milk is taken from the cow. The milk, is fed to the separators at the top. There is a bowl like compartment into which the milk flows that revolves rapidly, the average revolutions per minute being G500. The rapid centrifugal motion forces the cream (which is of less specific gravity) to the top of the bowl, or receiver, from whence it escapes by a pipe to vats for Its recep tion. The "skimmed milk" by the same law of gravity, being heavier than the cream, falls to the bottom, and flows through pipes to the vats in the manufac turing room, which are shown in the ac companying illustration. These separators, furthermore, serve another very Important purpose, which makes their use an essential feature from a sanitary standpoint in the manufacture of butter and cheese. Although milk may be strained any number of times, it is im possible thereby to clarify it of germs apd animal matter, with which it is impreg nated when it comes from the cow. The separators are so constructed that they extract all this deleterious matter while separating the cream from the milk, and in a hollow receptacle in the center of the separator all such matter finds lodgment during the process of separation. After running a batch of milk through the sepa rator, the latter is taken apart and thor- oughlj- cleansed of all this refuse. To give an idea of the quantity- of impurities of this character milk contains, it may be stated that on one occasion a few months ago a total of 18 pounds was extracted from 45,000 pounds of milk. This refuse when placed under a microscope appears literallj- alive with bacteria, and it does not require anj- very extensive knowledge of the germ theory of the transmission of diseases to realize, after an inspection of this refuse, that the statement so often made, that milk kills more people than whisky, rests upon substantial founda tion. The Importance of the use of these sep arators in the manufacture of butter and cheese is clearly obvious, and all who feel an interest in their individual welfare can at once see why Vancouver creamery but ter and cheese are vastlj- better and Infi- j nitely more healthful than dairy butter r-vV'fti i