The Oregon statesman., August 01, 1864, Page 1, Image 1

T
X
i I
THE 0 R E Q 0 N STAT ESM AN
u runi.mmt Kvxitr MoynAr shuinino.
Tha Oregon Printing and PuMlahlng Company.
PKOIMIIKTO KS.
OH0I1I Paper of the ltala
.' TKUM.S-I'orj-mir.t'.l.OII-, Si moiitlia.l
tf As abiiv iirt prion in twin. I.rgat Trmltr notat
mill ns'int-smatf tt heirmrrttU rtilttn.
Rralt.taiii miy lit. ms'lii Ity mall at till- rllk of tha pub.
I, burs, 11 mallvtt In tha nrnMlico f a poatmaklal-.
I'CKLIC CKKDIT TIIK TRiR BAHI8 OF A
801KU PAl'KU tlKUKMV.
Sonic otherwise sensible people cuiimit con
ceive how a paper currency which it nut at
onco. convertible into cuiti, can he long main
tained in circulation. Their idea of A paper
currency seems lo bo confined to one, every
dollar of which ia represented by a gold or sil
ver dollar in eomo convenient vault, which can
to demanded in exchange fur llio paper itt tho
option or tho bolder.' But suoli a pupcr cur
rency ia a mere ohimera of the brain, It hover
existed and never will. If the paper currency
can only bo oqiitil In amount to the specie1 In
the specie of the country, there ia do object In
ubatituting tho former for tho latter. The pur
(loaca of exchange can lie as wujl accomplished
i: .1
1-
by bills of exohunge. A paper enrrenoy wir-
thy of tho iiaino i baaed upon public credit.
While thia endure, it matters little whether
it can command gold in exchange or uot the
paper la equally available lor all the purposes
of money. Wheiielie credit ii gono, the value
of the currency la gone withjit. A paper cur
rency issued by private corporation, and which
ia not munty, in the full aenae of the word, wit
being a legal tender, depends for ita circulation
ou all the oiroututtauove which go to make op
the oredit of the corporation, or the want of it.
No one supposes that it could redeem ita notes in
gold at oiKie, but each one uppotiiig that ita
amount could borcdcemed.rests easy.tbe credit
of the ooruoratloo Teumtiian ud iUa notea circu
late.
.. When thia paper currency emanates from
the government, or ia directly ander ita control
and ia made money iu tho full aenae of (he
word, by beiug a legal tender fur all debt, it
. depends nminly fur ita circulation upon the cred
it of tlie govermneut. And, again, the credit
of tho government will depend not ao much
upon ita material resources aa upon ita power,
prospective durability, and the wisdom and aa
(' gaoity it manifeata iu tho management of thia
delioute question. Although uot probable,one
"; can imngine bow a rapid increase of gold, far
i- beyond the iuoreaae of the produota or the
"'wants of the buiineaa of the country, would
make thia now precious, luetul a drug. Then
"" it would be utterly unfit fur uae aa money, or a
ti measure of valye. Actual barter would be
"; come preferable. So It la with a government
i t. paper currency; A certain amount may be
properly used aa a meusure of voluea, depend
ing upon the amount of the produota and the
". business of the country, , While the oountry ia
! luaiutained at thia poiut, it hua all the cliarac
,'. ter and value of money. Push it beyond, aud
1' to that extent it heooinoa a drug, and even by
ita onu oxcesa iiupaira the credit of the govern
- tuont that authorieca it. Contracted within thia
point and to tho sumo extent, enterprise diea
4 out, property diminishes iu value, and buaiuese
falls off. Faith In the go'velsrrrnent currency ia
irv. j"'t baaed noon the expectation that it will be
Jf -. redeemed in gold to morrow, next year, or at
- any particular time, but upon the belief that it
will uot be repudiated, cheapened by improper
V issues, or perielt by tho destruction of the gov-
' eminent. '
The period of Englund'a greateat prosperity
and grandest power, woa during tho time of the
Continental ware with Napoleon. Early in the
contest, in February, 1797, Parliament direct
', cd the suspension of specie payments by the
' Bank of England, for eix months. Kcfore tho
expiratiou of thia period, the suspension was
continued for aix mouths more, and ao on until
it waa finally provided by etatute that the sus
pension should continue until six months after
tho general peace. Peaco came in 1815, but
tho resumption of cash payments did not take
. piece until 18l!).a period of 22 yearn. During
all thia time, it waa an offense punishable with
fine and imprisonment, to buy or sell a guinea
for more than 21 ahillinga in paper, aud the
bank paper waa a Ugal tender, la the spring
of 1797 the circnlntiou of the bank, counted aa
five dollars to tho pouud sterling, waa $55,000,
000. In 1810 it had risen to $105.000,000,aml
iu 1815, to $135,000,000. All the specie went
lo the continent to aupport the contest against
Nnpolcon. In the year 1810 alone there went
iu gidd, mostly to the Peninsula, the enormous
earn of t-i5.2ltO.O0O. The premium on gold
rose aa high aa 75 per cent about the fime
lime, and yet with this long and gigantic war
upon her bauds with tins constant drain npnn
all the specie ahe could command England
did business within her own dominions exclu
sively opon an irredeemable paper eurreucy,
and protptrtd at ihe never did before. Why I
Because there waa faith ia the credit of the gov
ernmenl, and that faith grew oat of the general
confidence in ita durability and wisdom.
The currency of the United Statet can only
depreciate from a want of faith in thecreditof the
government. There ia a point beyond which
the circulating medium, whether it he gold, sil
ver or papcr.cannnl be inorcased without cheap
ening and depreciating it. If the government
would preserve ita credit, it most keep within
that bound, and, inslead of filling up ita ex
chequer by increasing the volume of the cur
rency, it must resort lo unrelenting taxation
and loans. No nation can exist nnd maintain
a first or even aecond rank In commerce, man
ufactures, and all theeleinenta which constitute
' modern civilization,, upon a mere specie our
I rciicy. 8nch may do in a senil-bnrbarons coun
try liko Mexico.but not elsewhere. If our gov
ernment baa uot the wisdom and power to reg
ulate thia aubject an aa to maintain a paper cur
rency above donbt and depreciation, it ia une
qual to the position it oocupiea, particularly in
time of war, and must either go to wreck, or
be strengthened and improved.
A ColttciDKSCt In the deciaiun of Judge
Pratt iipnu the "Specific Contract Law"-of Cali
fornia, to which we referred on Fridajr last, the
following paragraph occura t
Limitations upon tha power of State Lfffiala
' tton are found only in what ia fnkihtiM, while on
the other hand the measure of power in Congrraa
to lefrialate on any given subject ia found in what
ia itlmlti r wtrmillrl. Br the resnrctire tlieor-
iea of I lie Stale and federal Uorerumeots, where
the constitutionality of laws pajuuvl by either ia
to bo determiued, the inquiry, if a State law ia in
volved, ia waa ha paasair praAttaeaf, aud if that
of a Federal law, waa i. ftrmutej.
Many old Orejoniani will be reminded of the
. similarity of the language used by the aaoia
. ' Judge many years ago, ia ouuuuiuing hia por
tion upon the famoea "location qneetitin," which
agitated thia Territory in 151 and
Porritr.STa). We have received copiee of tha
Congressional Gtobe aud other valuable public
documeuta ander the frank of Senator Neamilh.
He will p'eaae accept ear thanke for Ueiame
and aend aa aomo "mora of the we aort.
VOL. 14 --NO. 22.
OIK LAWN,
Under this caption, tho Corvallia Gazette of
last woek urges the membera lately eleoted to
the Legislative Assembly, to study beforehand
the statutes uow iu- force in this State, and oon
ault such other auuroea of information aa are
within their reaoli, iu order to determine what
legislation ia neocaaary, and not let the presi of
other eniplnyiuenta persuade them to defer in
vestigation until after the Legislature meets.
Thia ia aenaible advioe, though we doubt not
that to most of the members elect it la super
fluous. They have probably turned their
thoughts to these subjects already, nnd have
considered what their action will bo upon the
questiona which will come up. ,"' " ' i
The Gazette thus indicates th points upon
which,, iri its opiuion , legislation it neuded:
"The Code of civil prooedure is certainly su
perfluously voluminous, and the opinion of
many of our best lawyers is that it ia much In
ferior to the old statutes. The law requiring ft
jury to be summoned to attend upon every
term of the Comity C'on;t, ia not ouly a use
less, but a very expensive one, coating the peo
ple of this Benton county, aa we are in
formed, near one thousand dollars a year i and
at more than half the terms of thia court there
are no causes to try, and even if there were,
it Is ust as well to pick up ft jury forthwith if
needed, us was formerly done, and mnko liti
gants pay these jurors for their services. If
men must go to law, they, and not the masa of
the people who never nave any buaineaa iu
court, should foot the bill. This ia a useless,
expensive provision, and should be repealed.
The prohnte system la InUehuite and contra
diotoryj not 9fMJP g0i tt.S tbe old law. The
road law needa revising. ' The estray" fd ia
defective; and many others could be mimed
that are palpably erroneous, but it ia not our
purpvao to enter into detail, or particularly
specify the objectionable features in our luwa ;
at present we wish only to call attention to the
general aubject of revision.".
We do not now express any opinion aa to
whether change iu any or all these laws ia do
mau'ded by the interests of the country, but we
do hope that whatever alteratioua are made
will bo well considered, and not require revia-
ion or repeal at tho oext session. It hia been
fashionable for nearly every Legislature to
euaot an estray law, a road law, a school law,
ice., and the result baa been that by tho tiuio
the people begin to understand tho meaning
and workings of an not, it ia repealed, and a
now one bus to be luarued. Thia vaacilluting
legislation Is not only vexatious and inconve
nient to the people, but It ia unnecessarily ex
pensive to the Statu. . The increased coat of
printing alone ia an important consideration, to
say nothing of tho pay and expenses of the
Legislature itself. Let the laws be revised in
a thorough, systematic tuuiiuer, if they need it,
and adapted to our wants, and. then let them
remain upon the statute book until our circum
stances undergo audi change as to imperative
ly require further legislative action.
Nkw Koute to Fort Klamath W.
W. Fowler writes to the Sentinel that the pro
posed route aoroas the Cusoade mountains, con
necting Fort Klamath with Rogue river valley,
by puasing to the north of Mt. Pitt, ia not only
feasible, hut is -better than the old one. He
soys of it:
There are not S00 ynrda of rocky road or
more than 700 yards of grading in tho whole
distance between the Hogue River road and
Fort Klamath. Thro ia about 22 miles of
road to .muke.whicli will probably coat $30 per
mile, bat by means of fire thia amount tuny be
materially lessened. It ia not more than Jit)
miles from the Kogtio river this place. Water
and grass are -not quite an plenty on this route
na nu the old one, but I think teams can make
(he trip from two to three daya sooner than by
the old one.
Ho thinks there is no longer any danger of
Indian war in Southern Oregon. We infer that
he refers only to the Klamath, Modoc.aud oth
er tribea who live about the Lakes, and not to
the predatory bands further east, of which Col.
Drew is now in pursuit. On the I2th iust.,
the expedition was at Goose Lake office re aud
men all in fine health and spirits.
TltE PltESIDEST AND AN OltKOON 'LFAtHi'R.'
Some time since, at the instance of Senator
Nesniilh. the President appointed James V.
Drew, of Oregon, an an Assistant Paymaster
of Volunteers, which appointment an Oregon
Union Lengne d nomiccd on the ground that
the appointee was disloyal, nnd when tho del
egates to the Baltimore Union Convention
came on here a copy of their resolutions asking
Drew's removal wua eent on by one of them,
T. 11. Peartie, whn was advised to confer with
the delegation before asking the removal. The
League Minister Plenipotentiary however pre
ferred standing on bia own dignity, and in due
time the resolutiona were referred to tho Hon.
J. K. M'lliide, anil upon his statement that
the Paymaster complained of was aa loyal aa
N cumuli himself, the War Department and the
President decided that that was good enough,
and the League diction was tabled, much to the
disgust of the envoy referred to. Washington
Cor. Uae. I'nioau
Indian Treaties is Oreoo,. Congress
has finally pasoed a bill, primarily introduced
in the House by Mr. M'Hride, appropriating
$3,000 for the purpiwe of enabling the Presi
dent to negotiate with the oonfedemteo tribea
of Indiana of middle Oregon for the relinquish
ment of their right to fish, hunt, gathor mote
and berries, aud to pasture stock outside of
their reservations. The object of thia treaty ia
to have the Indians nioro atriclly confined to
their reservation, in consequence of the de-
moralitution which attends their leaving tlieir
own bordera.
From tub Militar Expeoitios. George
TiunJclI. truide to Cant. Drake's comma ad, arrived
at the Malle yesterday, bavins; left camp on the
19th inat. He report the whole expedition that
is the commands of Drake and Curry aa camped
on Crooked Kiver. A portion of tho command
had been on the head of Bridge Creek, where
they surprised a band of Snakes, believed to be a
part of tha gang that hare ben depredating on
the Canyon City road. The lodiaua retreated
and were followed until it was ascertained that
they were making for the Harney Lake country,
when the pursuit was given over. The expedi
tion willoi-cnpy the balance of the season in
scouting; the Snako country. The baunla of the
Indiana are pretty "ell known now, and Captains
Drake and Curry hope by activity and aeal to
make up for the mistakes and ahort-eominga that
characterised the opening of the campaign.
Jfueiifeiaerr.
Appoihtkksts. Hon. Geo. E. Cole writes
to the Walla Walla Statetman. that Mr. Wa
terman, of Wisconsin, has been appointed Su
perintendent of ludian affairs for Washington
Territory, and left New York on the steamer of
the 13th instant. Father Wilbsr," he adds,
haa been prevailed upon, by Senator Neamith
and himself, to accept the post of Agent at the
Yakima reservation. Mr, C. speaka in' high
terms of Mr. Willtor, and ears ha acorpted the
position with great reluctance.
tT The pnatal aervies) for California costs
about f do0.ll per annum, and it yields a rsv
ens of some $.270,000. Less to tha tievtro
roent, aay $50,000 a year.
SALEM,
OIR SCHOOL LAW.
Thero nro many complaints from different
quarters in relation to our present School Law,
It ia said by superintendents and teachers
those who should know whut ita practical work
ings are, that it Is linperfcci in many respeota.
In What particulars it la Imperfect we do not
propose to discuss. It ia likely that the matter
will be taken up and acted upon by the coming
Legislature, and in fact we bulievo It to be true
aa a matter of history that nearly every legis
lature that haa met aince the organization of
our Territorial government has passed some
ameudutory or revisory ant in refereuoe(to the
School Law, .;,The reitBon of Ibis js, that the
question has never had a thorough oosideration
and no aot haa ever been pasted containing all
the miuulira of a well, .regulated school law.
Until thia is dune wo Rood lint expect the en
actment of u law upon the auhjeot that will last
any longer than from the adjournment of ono
Legislature to tho convening of another.; In
order to obviate such ahangee iu the future, and
inaugurate some settled policy, we think that
competent peraona in all parts' of tha State,
Whether Legislators or not, should unite their
influence to bring about tho passaged uring the ;
oouiiog session, of an aot sn complete and well
boiaidered that It may meet the wants of the
future as: well aa the present, and. provide lor
tho establishment and regulation, of ft practical
ooujmon school system.. By rending and com
paring the school laws of some of the Eastern
and Western States, ft law might be compiled
Kith A email ntnountjjf Juoc that would ttieot
all our present wants and form a Case dp'.oj
which to build aa educational aystetavfor tho
future. Under our present law, it Cannot be
said that wo have any well-defiucd system.
We have schools in some neighborhoods w here,
by force of circumstances, we are almost com
pelled to, but we have not a well-dell tied school
system, regulated aud suetaiucd by law, aa
nearly all the States of tho Union have, and aa
wo must huvo before we can do justice by the
rising generation.- ,' ' ;
Tho importance of the subject need not be
urged. High schools uiid cullegea are neces
sary for the accommodation of those who desire
liberal education; but the common school is
tho friend of the poor man, nnd that which is tu
make tho bone and sinew of our oountry supe-1
riur to any otbor. Sohodl-teauhing, as a pro
fession, should lie encouraged and elevated
with even more care thuu auy other branch of
business, and everythiug pertaining to our edu
cational system should bo looked to by the law
making power with the same care that the pa
rent exercises In training his child and provid
ing for its futuru welfare. . , , ., '
Santiah. The following is translated from
the California Demokrut, a German paper of
large circulation published in San Francisco :
"The Pntosi lead, situated on the north fork
of, the Santiatn river, has produoed the richest
silver quartz, and dilferent assays give a result
varying from $200 to $000 per ton. This
quartz Is similar to that in tho Gonld nnd Cur
ry mine, and so closely reaernbles it that
W'tishoe miners cannot distinguish the differ
ence. Thia lend has been traced one and a
half to two miles in length, and is about forty-
two inches in width at the surface, and on sink-'
ing in about fifteen feet It is brand to widen to
seven to nine feet. The lead cresses a creek
which affords water sufficient tn rnn severnl
mills. The owners of the lead ore so well sat
isfied of ita extraordinary richness they will
not sell any atnek in it without a good price.
On the south fork of the Santiam, aro located
the lends of tho Union. Santiam, Eureka and
Pigseye Companies. From the Union Com
pany's claims snmo rich specimens of gold
qnartx have been takeu, variously valued at
Uom $100 to $1,500.
Some veins of gold In the quartz are a finger
thick, and veins of gold can be seen all through
the quartz. The shares of the Union compa
ny have been sold for $100 and upwnrds. The
Suutiaiu company has not been so well pros
pected yet, but is situated ou the same lead,
e o Every body here is satisfied that
with money and labor a second Washoe will
be developed in the Santiam mountains.
- ttT A correspondent of the Mountaineer,
writing from liuliy City.. July 13, says that on
the morning of July 0. a band of Indians made
a raid on Jordon'a liunch. killing one man and
driving oil' 40 horses. The next morning, 13
men, under the leadership ot Mike Juidou,
started on thu Indian trail, and the next day
they were reiulorced liy a party ol eijrlit men.
They ufterwurda citmu up with the Indians,
about 200, iu a cnuynu. Jnrdou immediately
commenced the attack, and after lighting fur
some time, waa shot through the heart by an
Indian; two other uieu were wounded, and the
party fell back for want of sufficient force.'
I'kesiikt IX Colorado. A terrible freshet
haa visited Colorado Territory. Cherry creek,
which runs through Denver city, haa been nearly
dry for about five years, bnt on the night of the
lUih of May, it auddeuly ovnrAuwed Its banks,
aubmerging a large part of the town, drowning
fifteen or twenty persona, aweeping off about fifty
buildings, and doing immense damage. All the
bridgea on Cberry crcok and Platte river were
awept away , aud farms for miles along the streams
with their growing crops, overflowed and destroy
ed. The damage ia estimated at ever a million of
dollars.
Tub Dkouth in Calikouma. All accounts
from our aiater Statu represent the drouth as
very destructive, Russian river and Eel river
regions are pasturing 200.000' head of sheep,
driven thero fur feed. One Grin, starting from
Santa Barbara for the Owen's river country,
with 2,000 head of oattle, last nearly all.
Not Uebionbd. There was no foundation
for the report that Lieut. D. C. Underwood
had resigned. He is an efficient aud capable
officer, and we are glad to learn that he is to
remain in tho service. The statement that
Lieut. Col. Drew had been displaced from
oommand was equally without foundation.
tV The Jacksonville Sentinel anya that Rev.
T. IT. Penrne was in Maryaville, Cal., on the
21at inat., on hie return by the stare line to
Oregon. He was to deliver a political address
In Jacksonville to-day (Monday).
(7 Ad altercation took plaoe at tho mouth
of Cuddy's Glit-b two miles alwve Boise, on
the 10th inat., in which one Wash. Smith waa
killed by pistol shot from the hand of W, E.
ScboGeld. The quarrel originated about a
lantern.
Telrurapii Hetw eex Au add Tin L'k iteo
States The Hem's has passed a Lill granting
to a company who design beilding a telegraph
line, to connect. Roaaiaa . Aaia and the United
8tatee, forty acres of land for each fiftesa miles of
line built, and the aas of one of lb United States
vessels for surveying purposes.
Cf The yong lady who look the gentle,
ansa's fancy, has returned it with (hacks. '
OREGON, MONDAY, AUGUST 1,1864.
A STATE GKOMHilST.
Sinoe the year 1824, a series of geological
survoya of moat of the United States haa been
made ander the authority of tho State Legis
latures. Tho object of these surveys has been
to develope the agricultural Interests of the
States, and to select the beat routes for rail
roads, &o. ' That this has been of great bene
fit to those States, will hardly be denied. Why
then should not tho same plan be adopted jn
this State 7 Surely Oregon is as well adapted
to tho purposes of agrloulturo as any 'other'
State In tho Union, and In addition to this she
has withiti bor bosom Inexhaustible, mines of
gold, silver aud other Valuable metals, ' These
mines are not cou lined to any particular local
ity, but are found iu 'almost every part of the
State that has been explored. Now, If a, sur
vey of the State were made by a skillful geo
logist or mineralogist. It ia highly probable not
only that many new mines would be discovered,
but also that much Valuable information would
bo obtained, concerning tboso that have al
ready been discovered. , When tho mines were
found at Gold Hill, in the southern part of the
State, eomo years ago, they were discovered to
be very rich, but were soon exhausted, and we
are informed that the gold was fouud In a kind
of "bed," and that it seemed tn have been
drifted there from some other locality, by some
agency in the post. Now, if nn examination
of this spot and of tho surrounding country
had been made by some one skilled iu the bus
iness, tho character of the rooks associated
with the gold, might have led to the discovery
of loNiur.oc from whhjliojbjyPJ waa de
rived. , I lie Bauliaui muuutaiua might liiUT
been developed many years ago, and their min
eral wealth put in circulation, by the expendi
ture of a very small sum by the State. Quite
recently, too, many indications of gold and sil
ver have been found in the Const Mountains,
and along the coast from tho mouth of Salmon
River to the California line. 1 Very few deposits
have yet been fonnd rich enough to pay for
working with tho rude appliances which pros,
peotore havo at hand, but tho fact that the pre.
oinos metals aro found scattered over so largo
a distriot, renders it almost certain that there
are somewhere in that region, localities whioh
will some day attrnot crowds of miners. These
plaoers may remain undiscovered for ninny
years, or by a little energy rpent In soientih'0
examination, they may be developed immedi
ately. Would it not then bo to the interest of
the State to have thia locality examined I
In additiou to this, it will soon be neoes ary
to choose routes for railways and to rclect
building sites for iulnnd cities, in various parts
of Oregon. Tho State ought, in view of this
necessity, to make arrangements nt nn early
day for a geological survey. ... . . . 1
For these reasona, we hope that our legisla
ture will talto this matter under grave consid
eration at its next session, reflecting that the
reiulti will, in all probability; ba a rich renin
Deration for Ibo tronble and expense. ! We
shall probably refer to this matter ogain. . I
Quart)! Crusiirr. Parties whn arrived
from San Francisco nn tho Inst steamer brniiebt
Willi them a quartz crusher, which they intend
to locate in tho .San tin m miues Tho owner
left yesterday for that Incnlitr to select a place
of location. It is reported that the Union and
Santiam companies havo purchased an interest
in the mill. Orrgonian. ''
The Directors nf the Santium and Union
companies didu'l know anything about the pur
chase until they read tho above in the Orego-
nian.
J. A. Simms, and J. Hanvny ore the propri
etors of the mill nlluded as arriving on the last
steamer, They left hero yesterday for the San
tiam mines tn look for a location for it conveni
ent to one of Ibo leads of tho Eureka Silver
Mining company. This company have exten
sive water power opon tlieir groniida.whioh will
give them an advantage over the conipnuics
which are compelled to use steam.
We believe a steam mill is nnw in course of
construction at Portland, for the Union. Santiam
and Oregon companies. It is designed to havo
it in operation this fnl.
iy In the new Post Road bill, which passed
thu House, and doubtless passed the Seuate
also, the follow iug Dew mnil routes ore ordered
in Oregon t
From Portland, via Taylor's Fr rry and Che
halem Gap, lo alayette ; from Lafayette to
Tillamook ralh-r ; from Dalles Cltv, via Can
yon City and Independence, lo Boise City.
Several new routes in tho Territories are as
follows:
From Boise City, via Bannock City, Center
ville, Pioneer City, and Placerville, to Lewis
ton ; from Placervillo to Fayelleville j from
Boise City to Emeraldo, in Al uras county;
flora Boise City, via Owyhee, to Homboldt, in
Nevada Territory from Denver (Colorado),
along the eastern base of tho Rocky Moun
tains, to East Banuock ; from Fort Bridger
via Richvillr, Soda Sptings, tho upper crossing
of Snake river and Virginia City, tn Hell Oate,
io Idaho t from Fort Bridger, via Boise City
aud Graude Koode valley, to Walla Walla.
Disposal or Gr.n. Lkr's Lands. A hap
py thought has occurred to the Secretary of
War which it gives us pleasure to record :
pint. He ordered Col. Greene to nrgnuize
the Freedtnnn's Village, for the prelection of
the black man and bis family, npnn the Arling
ton estate, belonging to the rebel Gen. Lee.
That village ia a aucoeea. ,
Srrond'.y. He has himself recently selected
a site upon the same estate for a national ceme
mrj for the bo rial nf loyal soldiers who died in
Virginia from wounds inflicted by Lee's orders.
Gen. Meigs has been directed to supervise
the laying out of the grounds. How appropri
ate that lec's landa ahoald be dedicated to two
each noble parpost-s the free living black man
whom Lee would enslave, and the Codies nf the
dead soldiers whom Ie had killed in a wicked
cause. Let this record stand to the everlasting
credit of Secretary Stanton, Wo cheerfully
award it H'aihiigton Jirpublican.
PORUtXD riKK DKPABTMEXT.
From tbe annual report of the Portland Fire
Department, (in the Ortgniaa of July Siith) ws
lesrn the following facta I
There are four Engiaoa and one Hook and Lad
der Company.
Total expense for the year ending July 1st,
$5,607.
Lata by fire during laat aix months, Uttkmidni
sua Jfl eViurs.
There are within the city twenty-five eiaienia
capable of holding four hundred and aaven thou
sand gallona.
We think there is aoiaefbod for thought for lha
ptople of 8alu, iu the above ileina. Two ban
drtd and fifty dollara, has by tire in ao large a
pines aa Portland .in ail nontha, ia a email aimiant
compared to lha ter. or Iwaltr thousand that we
have lost iu the aaoia time.
t7 Yellow feter ia raging at lUiaua.
A ItObl'K EXPOSED.
About tho Urat of January Inst, a man call
ing himself J, Cnllnnan arrived in thia Stnti
from the Knar. Protending to be a secret
financial agent nf tho Government, aud clothed
with authority to examine Into the affairs of
Jiebtirslng agents upon this coast, ho visited
varioue military poets and Indian.' ogenoiea in
Oregon and Washington Territory, and sought
or rathef demanded a sight of the accounts
keptnt those plaocs. Exhibiting' no written
authority for his proceeding!', he was at some
places denied access to wlmt lie desired, hat
some officers, deceived by his effrontery, and
his familiarity with tlieir business with the de
partments, permitted him to inspect : their af
fairs, and listened to his suggestions as to how
tho business of their , departments should be
Donduottid. Altera little time, it was adver
tised in tho Orevroniari that Mr. J. Cullanari
Would purchase Qregon war claims, military or
Indian department vouchers, . and it soon be
oamo apparent that the purchase of these old
claimc, at a large discount, was his chief oh-
Jeot.' His adroit impudence' was used to got
information Irom tno olticers as to who ueiu
theso claims, and whether they were legitimate
and regular, and In addition to what ho Itina
learned, ho had evidently somehow loomed
much about them at Washington. .' How many
ho purchased, no do no!, know tho Amount
In this vicinity was qnite small bnt. wo have
been told that in Washington Territory and nt
Portland nnd tho Dnllca ho obtained a good
many. . 1 ,
After his operations had developed them
selves, li.flr, wcro-'eMre- nur lcl,'Btioo at
rt'Soi'iiigton with such information of-rr!? fja,ls"
actions as could be obtained.
. The matter was referred to the proper de
partment by Senator Nesmith. Tho corres
pondence below between the Senator and the
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, explains it
self: .. .- - .- : i i
o Washington D.C.. Juno 8. I8H4. i
Hon. Wm. P. Dolb. Com. Lid. Affairn
Sir : I have information from Oregon, which I
deem reliable, that a Mr. Cullanan has for
some time been traveling about in Oregon aud
Washington Territory, representing himself as
ru agent or the Indian Department sent out
from this city, and that he is engaged In pur
chasing the vouchors, or claims, against the
Indian Department, in Oregon and Wneiimg.
ton, at a great discount.
I am informed that Mr. Callanan exhibits
letters ot Introduction Irom a person In your
oluce, and Ihut lie tins a lull una complete in
struct, obtained from the files of your ollice, of
all the outstanding liabilities in Oregon and
Washington. It is represented Ihut by reason
of liia olDoial position, nr Ilia pretence of hav
ing it, that be ia enabled to induce pnrtiea to
aell tlieir claims at a fearful sacrifice The re
sult of this conduct on the part of the person
representing himself tu ho vour agent, is lo de
stroy what little oredit the Indian Department
has in Oregon and Washington, nnj. at the
same time, tn delraud honest claimant.
I have to request that you will In nnn mo
whether the said Callauau is noting by your
authority, nr with the sanction of your ulliue
aud also whether the abstract of outstanding
liabilities in Oregon and Washington were fur
nished by your authority, and 1 hnve further lo
request Unit 1 lie liolllied When Sir. Ciillnnaii
presents lna vouchors lor payment nt Ibo IJe
parlment. 1 I am, very respectfully, your ob't
servant, J. W. Nksmitm.
The Commissioner replied ns follows :
; Dkpartmfnt op tiih Intkimor,
Oitick Indian Akfaiiih,
' June 15th, 111.
Sir i I have the honor to acknowledge the
receint of vour communication of thu '.ii in.
slant, in which you state Mint yoo hare infor
mation trotu Oregon, which you deem rcmime,
that n Mr. Cnllnnan haa lor some time been
traveling about in Oregon and Washington
Territory representing himself as on agent of
the Indian Department, rent out fnmi this city,
and that lie ia engaged In pnrohnsing the
vouclicr. nr claims against the Indian Depart
ment in Oregon aud Washington, ut a greut
discoun', '
Also thut Mr. Cullnmin exhibits letters of
introduction fiom a person In this office, and
has n complete uhslrnct, obtained from the
filea of this office, of all the outstanding liabil
itiea in Oregon and Washington. Also request
ing that I will inform you whether llm said
Callanan ia acting by my authority or with the
sanction of thia office, and whether tho ab
stract of outstanding liabilities in Oregon and
Washington was furnished by my authority.
Iu reply 1 have tn state that I hare no
knowledge of Mr. Callahan whatever, that he
is not acting by my authority or with tho anno
tiou of this office, and that the abstract nf out
standing liabilities referred to, was not fur
uished by my authority.
Von shall ho notified when Mr. Callauau
presents hia vouchers for payment.
1 shall write tn the Superintendenta ill Or
rgnn nnd Washington, on thia auhjeot, at once,
that further imposition may be avoided.
Very respecllully, your ob't eerv'l,
W. P. Dui.k, Coiumiwiiiner.
Hon. J. W. Neumitii, U. S. Senate.
We understand further that the Secretary of
the Interior remarked that if the statements of
the fraud, duplicity, and misrepresentations to
which Callanan resorted in order to obtain the
vouchers at a price far below their value, prov
ed to be true, that " uot one cent of llicm
should be paid lo him."
Callanan had not mado his appenranco at
Washington at last ncconnts. We imagine
that he may (I 'd In the eud that hie adventure
to Oregon and Washington waa not a Very
profitable one. '
Ota BEUTIOXS WITH FRAME.
" Mnlakoff," tbe well Informed I'srie corres
pondent of tbe New York Timrt. writing from
Pane, May Ii), ears thatao Important discus
sion took place nn the Pjlb in the French cham
bers, at which tho following points Were brought
out bv the Minister of Slate:
1. That there is nn thought of Intervention in
America.
2 That the whole House applauded tbe Min
ister, when he declared that it was the deaire of
France to see the United Statu government re
sume again its position of graitueur and pros
perity. 3. That the two governments understand each
other ou the subject of Mexico, and that sock
was the fraternal feeling which had always ex
isted between the pmp'e of Frano and the
people of lb United States that be hoped al
ways to arrange by atmcoiMe diplnmeey all ilif.
ficnlties that might arise about Mexico.
4. That the Frvucb government bad received
from the American government a dispatch no
the subject of tbe Housa reeoluiion which waa
tierfrctfr antisfaetory.
5. That the French government had sent lo
all its diplomatic representatives a dispatch an
noouciug this fact, and giving explanatwina re
bitinr thereto.
(i. That the French government has given a
peremptory oruer wiiuin in laat work, not In
allow either of Ibe eooledcrate ahipa lately built
at Bordeaux and Nantes to leave port.
XV The centenary of American Methodism
will occnr ia 1800. Mrasnrre are being token
for the proper observance of this moat iinjiur
tant event.
mm
WHOLE NO. 698.
CAN VYK PAY OIR NATIOSAl BKUTf
Tho noiiiilnllou of the' United. Kingdom Is
about the snmo tta that of the United Stntea.
Tho national debt of (J rent Britain It about
four thousand millions, ivikI ours about one
thousand seveu hundred millions, , Can we
support oordebt without rninnna taxation? Can
we near, Hint ts In shj. ninell less man nan ni
wat Kngllshrneu hear without suffering? Sup.
nosing thut the oircumstnnoea of the two nations
were alike, no American nf spirit would donbt
mat wo can support ns Heavy a harden as our
English cousins let alone ntie fhr lighter. But
nur clronmstnnoet am not aliket1 they have a
oountry thickly settled, A soil exhanaWd to a
great extent of its fertility, a syatem ol land ten;
ure extremely wasteful, an organization of aoci
ety which renrose. f instead of enconrncrintf in-'
dividual energy and enterprise; 'We have a
virgin Bun, ineotuaustiiiie mineral weann, a sys
tem of land (etiuro, nt least in the Free Stiitns,
which conduces to the highest prosperity to the
greatest number, and a condition of society iu
which Individual enterprise is encouraged nnd
fostered, With these nnd other advantages we
must grow in wealth muoh moro raphllv than
tho English, and thu meusure of National
wealth is the measure of strength to support the
burden of a National debt. , ,, ., .... . I
Robert J. Walltor sets this question iu a clear
light by some statistics which he has lately nun
lished iq Loudon. Ho shows that our National
wealth was Increased in thu ten rears from
1830 tn 18G0 over 120 ror cent., while that of
England, from' 1851 to 18GI, iuoreasrd but 37
per cent, lie shows, trom the census uiDies,
that the ratio of lucronse of nur National wealth
has been constant, and always in excess of tbe
Increase or the population, inns, irons jb.u
to 1830 our wealth Inoreaaed 41 percent.; from
ISitO to 1840, 42 per cent.; from 1840 tn 1850,
64 per cent., and from 1850 to 1800 120.45 per
cent, ir we go on nt tho ramo rate for another
decade the result will he, in 1870, an Iuoreaae
of over 250 per cent. But, he adds, if the pro
duct per hend of the population In the Slave
States had heeu tho same iu 1851) that it was in
-rlX Free States, that would have added to the
N ntiiii rTPW'' 1 n" noiiitinnal value produced
1.53LWI,(K)0; accorllinglo "iiiiilil VW re
turns. Now, the way to uiuke tho Southed
States as rich and productive aa the Northern,
and even more ao, ua James Brooks Justly ob
served more than thirty years ago, during a
journey in the South, Is to abolish slavery,
aotialituto skillin'i Intelligent, interested tree
labor for uhskilled, ignorant, uninterested slave
labor, nnd, ns he remarked, Sooth Carolina
would be tho wealthiest State in the Union.- i
Now, we are going to havo the assistance of
tins soiled and hitherto undeveloped wealth to
pay not only the interest but the priuoipnl nf
our National debt. With " small farina and
divided labor Inking tho place of the feudal
system," na Brooks says, nil of tho iiuuienso
undeveloped natural rceourcee of the Sonile-ro
Stntea will vastly increase our National wealth
and prosperity. ' With slavery abolished, free
workiiigmon will pour in by hundreds and thou,
sands from nil parts of Europe Into a region to
whioh a mild climate, a spnrso pnpnl iljon nnd
high rewards for labor will tempt them, but
from which ihey hnve been hitherto excluded
by l he fatal compoiitioii of unpaid slnvu Inlmr
against those whn must have "a fair day'e pay
lor a lair day's work." Kmlirrnlioii, su aston
ishingly greut din ing the lust tin eu years in the
midst of war, w ill increase still more vhcn the
urea opened to free wurkitigtlien is more than
doubled j and Walker dues not overshoot the
mark wheu ho esliinati'l,he Increase in our
National wealth, from Ibo-substitution nf fiee
for aluvo labor In the' South, In tell years, at
the great sum ol over seventeen thousand mil
Nona of dollars,, nearly ten limes nur present
Nulinnul debt. Thus tho mere addition we
shall tniilto in ten years In nur National wealth,
by nbolishing the "iuslitiilion" which has been
so long a ourso nnd n source of dissension tn us,
would iniiny tunes pay our National debt.
lint to show in nnotlter way what nro our
prospects. Walker compares the future wealth
of Great Britain and the United States, sup
nosing that each Increases fu the same ratio ns
during the ten years for which in each case we
have the latest census returns. It will ho re
membered that the Increase In the United
States from 1850 to 1800 waa 120.45 percent.,
and iu Onut Britain from 1851 to 1801, 37 per
cent. Assuinang these ratios which, however,
are unfair toward ns tho result would be as
follows: ii,..
Wealth of the United Ring1otn-l8(!l, $31.
5110.000.000; 1871, $-13,155,000,000; 1881,
$59,122,350,000; 1891, $0.9!)7,19,5O0; 1001.
$110,!fi6.8;l7.715. .'"
Of the United Stnlos-IBOO. lf).l.TO,CI6,.
008; IH70, $.!.5!).1. 150.585;' 1880. $82. 805.-
9W.8-W; 1800, $187,314,353,225; 1900, $423,
330,438,281). "Thus it appears by the censnsof each tin
lion," safe Walker, "that each increasing in
the snmo ratio respectively as for the last de
cade, the wealth nl llio United States iu 1880
wiiulrl exceed that ol the United Kingdom
$23,743,518,840; that in 1890 it wnuid be much
morn lliau double, and in 1000 approaching
quadruple that of tho United Kingdom, When
we reflect that buglnud Increases In wealth
much more rapidly than any other country of
Europe, the value of these elutistios may be es
timuteil.ua proving how readily nnr National
debt cau be extinguished without nppreaaivw
tnxa'ion," Let us uot forget that our nation is
yet In its ratlirst youth; that If We take care tn
ealablisli liberty nnd intelligence within all nur
boundaries, wo may expect the United Stntea
to endure as long ut least ns the English nation
baa lusted; that wo havo but scratched the
ground villi n hoe, while In Europe it has been
already trenched and manured; thai nnr great
est so .rces t.f wealth aro untomhed; and that
while n aiu free we ihnll enjoy in t only our
natural increase, but the enormous ndditiou of
population and wealth which conies to ua from
the fuct that we drain orer-populutvd Europe
o Ita tailoring classes. .-y. y, f,:mng I'ott.
Had Him Turns!. The Washing ton correa
pnndent of the Cincinnati Commercial gets off
the (ol lowing rood ono t
In one of llio hospitals In this city a day or
two ngn, a wounded Virginia reliel and a woun
ded Pennsylrnninn. occupying adjoining beds,
had a good-hrtmorrd verbal lilt, as follows:
Union "Say, rob, where are yon from f "
Heoesh "I'm from Virginia, Ihe best State
in America."
Union Thai's where old Floyd came from
the old thief."
Secosh "Where are Joil from, Yank T"
Union "Pin Irom Pennsylvania."
Kecesh "Well, you needu't talk nbont old
Floyd oominiig from Virginia, as long as old
ISucliauan came irom 1'ennsyivnma. Uou I
yotl wish yoo hadn't said anything. Yauk I"
TiihUrbki, Dr.Aii at ltiuiimisi). Holy
wood ia becoming thickly populated with tbe
dead ol our gallant soldiers expiring in Iticli
iiinud hospitals. Cornsva nrrtvn at Ihe oeine
trry faster than they enn be Interred by Ibe
limited fore allowed fur that purple, aud as
Uigll as twenty-uve green ptne couiua, lasvoeu
with only una nail Iu each end.have lately been
even them warped open by lists sau, exposing
tbe putrescent bodies lo full view.etniltiiig sick
ening odors and attracting swarms of llies.
Hichmaml 1'aper. .
Tim Growth of Orkoon. The total vole
milled at the Into State election was 14.755.
Iu Ihe Slain elrotiou of 1802, Ihe aumlier of
votes polled was 10.480, showing an increase
ol 4.275. In proiMirliun to the voting popula
tion there wen more votes polled two years
ago thau this year, and it is safe lo plica the
argrrgaln Vote of Oregon at Ihe Presidential
elect ioo this fall at near 1G.000 providing the
copperheads work as bard as they did for their
Congressman. urtgitnian. ,
VT Oe. Conner has given la the Sanitary
Find In !tif kton two Iota in that city, valued
at aimul 5 v. - - i i t ,
book Aiijon riihrivtj
Of oroty'lM-'rliitliin KRATI.Y ami rilllMI'T I. V exsciittS
RATFSof AllVKIirislNO; "
t,")al a-lvertllsmeut, S 110 par s,,itllr,-, flr.t Inssrtlull
$1,1)0 nrh siitM..ri-nl liMprllon.
lrfKalan.l ailtritrislf-nt .vlvf.-rltrmf!!tinetit Iff prtpatd la
lliflurt Insertion.
AUinliiUtrKtor.'notlet'i, anil all ailTsrttvments sslatlns ts
thnasuts of il-(-easfil yrrsiM, TV!-! Irs pri-im!:!, Ui:fr-.a or
J(trtl published by tha count) itulCf,am! ruarnntsi-'l 19 ba
pniii ly hlin.
A Irorthlnr uilts lot naltl vitbin una yrnr front lha time
ohencottlraateU. will Iwllwraassuilrerily-fivspr ent.eerli
y-a- payment i, tn-.gli.oti.il ttnrf 'aftf r.
... TElKGEAPillC SEWS. .-.
Special Dlapatefiea to Oregnn'Stateantsn.
Sherman Moving Forward In Georgln.
Rebel Peace Proportion. -
I'orreupuiidunce with UcTlekl Commit
r sluiiers, wncernlns Peaces
Capture of Atlnntw by Bhr-riuanv
' .' Wanhino-Tos, July Utr. Tho latest infor
mation from Sherman i that the enemy was
taken completely by surprise in creasing- the
Chatta.hooe.hie. . , . ' ' "
Cavalry was nt once-sent to operate on-tail-rsad
east of Decatur, and cut oil' communica
tion between Atlanta and Augusta, thus pre
senting the ronrtVu) of stores tu tho latter
plaoe, and i-eltiforceiiit'iils of. Johnston.'
' Our limin army Is wi'hln ten or twelve miles
of Atlanta t all operations progressing favor
ably.; , ,,r,;,., r,r,ri!'.;, !;,, ',: -4
Gen. Urngg arrived at Atlanta, and would,
' (t was supposed, exercise personal superviaion
over tho movements of the rehal army. I"
It ia believed that Sherman has, by this lime
diaputohed a large body nf cavalry to Mnonn
to release numerous Union officers confined
there. , . .... , ,- -p-'
HAlitlirlBuim, jnfy i0. Dispatches receive' -t
here, last bight, indicate that our' forces con-V
tinne pnrsuit of the rebels who recently rav- '
aged Maryland, and that they aro recapturing
large amounts of plunder. , . .'. v ,. .,
Crook, nn Monday Inst overtook a portion nf
the ciioiny At Snicker's Gap, where a sharp en-
Sagethcnt took placet the rebels fooght With
espcratinii, but Crook succeeded In whipping
. them thoroughly, capturing over 300 wagons,
heavily laden with grain, be also took num
ber nf prisons rs ; the enemy left the dead and - -wounded
nn the field. - .tn . ' ' '"
St. Joseph, Mo., Jbly 20,-Cen, Fisk.
commanding the Distriot Northern Missouri,
I , H ., i . i .. L
issuru nn appeal lor nve mousanu men, eaon
with horse, and inch aims and' ammunition as
he may hnve, tn for protection, and to exter
miuaie buokwh.k'kers generally In Northwes
tern Missouri, lie says the emergency is, so
great ho can't wait until the oall made by the
State authority, or United States troops are
transferred from other distriet ; ..-Th": -Tul
oitlxln Rrebeing rnorde "f
given tu tiW'L1'. fl(IUIM''.Vii the weak airim. the
are lo tho in i I i'tR r-f'f "iV ' " f," "
i . . , . tfthe relcbniM twleava
Ing tn wnato, and httnrfk Hml, (l,tbl ke.
pleading at hia heaitqnnru; Rum.
which he is unable lo give ii. 1 ',
the limited force under bis ooruiIK..
for rendezvous for this purpose haven iMikuosa
tnbllshed at St. Joseph and Chillioothe. -eta,'. j
1 - Nnw York. July 21. A dispatoh frntiVs-,
agara Falls says au interview had taken plac-
between Mesi.ra.Cluy, Thompson and llolcomb, -
who claim tn be Commissioners from the rebel
government to seek terms nf peaco, and Mr.
Greeley is authorized by Linooln tn act in tha
matter. The Cmnmlasinnore proposed a ros-
toratiou nf the Union npnn the following basjs i
1st. Alf uegroea much- have been actually
freed by war to be secured in such freedom.
2d. All negroes at present held as slaves tn
remain so. j- ; .: . .1.' ..
3d. Tho war debt of bitth parties, I be) paid
by the United Suites., ., , ,.,
4th.' State rights to' lie recognized in the re
construction of tho Union.
This proposition win laid bcfo Hlr. Lincoln
by Mr. Greeley, -i '1'lie FeslJeni'l niioa) tcle-
f;raphed to Mr. Greeley the terms upon which
le would propose a settlement nnd recotistroc-
lion, to wit: '' ' ' " "
' Full mid complete restoration nf llio Union
in ull its territorial lutegritj, nnd nbandiinmsut
of tlavcry by seceded States, under conditions
which should, while respecting the property nnd
rights nf all loyal thou, afford ample security
against auoihcr'wnr iu the interest of slavery.
. After uousiderablu correspondence betwoen
the parlies, it was cnucluiled to- refer whole
tnnlter buck to the twu governments for recoil
sidernliou. ''."''".
' Tho Herald' t Niagara Fulls dispatoh sari
Greeley, accompanied by Mr. liny, private
Secretary tit Mr. Lincoln, had nn interview
with George Sunders, and others, claiming to
be commissioners from the rebel government,
who wauled nn interview with tho authorities
at Washington, nnd receiving statement of the
terms npou which such visit might, bo piade,
they wero accepted. . . ..
A dispatch says the statement nf proposition
published in the papers ol Tuesday is repudi
ated. .(: - -. ..' : . - i ;. .
. ltun'Aun, July 21. A correspondence be
tween llolcomb aud Greeley, nt Niagara Falls,
has been published. Tha first letter from them
ihe rebel commissioners tn Greeley asks for
. protection, from the President or Secretary of
War, in order that they luav visit Washington.
Greeley replies, under date of the 17th, as
follows !
Gentlemen: I am informed that yon are d sly
accredited from liichmond as hearers cf propo
sitions balking to the re-e atablialimenl of pcaee.
and that you deaire to visit Washington in ful
fillment of your iniaaiou. If uiy inhumation
be eitbatniit.ally correct, I am aolhorired by
the Prt-eidcutto tender you hia aafe conduct on
the journey, and 1 will accompany you at your
earliest convenience. -
These facta being materially different from
thoae onderstood to exist. Greeley thought it
advisable to refer to the President for fresh in
struoiions. .which were furnished from the Ex
ecutive Mansiuu, July 18, 111 1 ,
To whom it may cunckhni Pise. Any prop
osition embracing a restoration of peace aod
the iulegritv of the whole Union, and tbe aban
donment of slavery, which coibes by and with
, the authority that controls the army now at
war against the United States, will bo received
by tho Executive Government ol the United
States, and will be met by libera) terms on
substantial and collateral points, and tbe bear
er or bearers thereof shall havt safe conduct
both ways. , (Signed) A. Lincoln.
They reply ss follows, ander dale of July 18t
Though the safe conduct of the President has
been tendered aa, we regret to any thnt it is
under a mlsnppreheosiuu of facts. Wo have
not hern sent lo him from liichmond as bearer
of propositions looking to the establishment of
pence. We are here in the eoaSdentinl em-
filoy of our government, and are entirely farail
ar with lis wishes and opinions on the subject,
nnd we need tn lie authorized to declare that
If tho circumstances disclosed in this corres
pondence were ciiiiininniente4 to liichmond,
wu would be iuveited with the authority tu
which your teller refers, or other gentlemen
cluthed with full powers would immediately be
sent to Washington with a view of bnatening
the consummation sa much desired and a ter- -initiation
at the earliest possible moment nf tho
calumnies of war.
New York, July 23. We have a well an.
Ihenticntcd report that the rebels hare evacu
ated Atlanta. '
lrixvil.l.K, July m.r-Yrstcrdny't Nash
ville f.'a ion says Atlanta ' was taken by nur
forces nu tbe Itjth, thus cutting off all comma
niratbin with the southwest, except by way of
HI aeon. Uesertcrs come into oar met in great
numbers since wt crossed tho Cbalahouohro.
LnRNKttOl Our Army. The hweeenf eor
army during tbe rainpnigu of UsiionU Urant
have been greatly exaggerated. Wa hear,
upon the beat official authority that the number
of Ihe killed, from the lime Ihe army crossed,
the Knpldan anttl it reached Ihe Jaiiies river,
did not exceed 4,000 men. The wounded
numbered something over 4O,000,and Inoluditig
CAtuattie of every description less than 50.
UOU i while the deaths uf thsse Wnonded men
ara so far not niach in io ss of 2,000, or from
four to Ave per cent. 'J'ks iujurjes of the
wounded men in the majority of cases are very
slight. The permanent loas to oar army for
the tisa mrntwsed may be twelve to fifteen
thousand BM it. or ot iu any eastH more than
twenty IhtHisaiid, and lha bait uf lift.', ia hhku
ivae.-X Y. l'oil,Junt2iik. ... 4