' sjoainlished its object: atssl there is no longer any
ngdmm to apcrvhcmdl a eoHUion between the
threes of the two co tries daring the pendency of
the esnnnfaeconaQons. , .
I regret to Inform roe that there ha bea no
Improrenent ! the anaira of Mexico since my list
-annual neuara. aad 1 an obliged to ask the ear
nest attention of Congress to the anhitrpy condi
tion of that republic. The constitutional conress
f Mexico, which adjonmej on the ITthof Fworu
mry, 1867, adopted a confutation, and provided
-for a popular election. This took place in the fol
lowing Jety, 1A57, and Gen. Comunfort was cho
sen President almost without opposition. At the
name election, a new congress was chosen, whose
first session commenced on the 16th of September
lroJV By the constitution of lr57 the presidential
term 'Was to begin on the la of Use. and Continue
Tor four rears. On that day Uen. Comonfort ap
peared before the asaewtbled congress in the city
. of Mexico, took oath to sapp-m the new constitu
tion and was inasgnratcd. Wit bin a mouth after
"he had been drirea from tho capital and a nnlit.i
Ty revolution hsd assigned the gorerntnentto the
" -nresident of the snprerae coort, and this fnnction-
'ry,(Gen. Jauvres) procreded to form, at Gaanaju
jkin. a eosstirntional rovernutent. Before this
was officially known, however, at the capital, the
government of Znloaga had been recoenised ly
. the entiew diplomatic corps, including the minis
ter of tho U. 3., as the d facto government of
t Mexico Juarez, maintained hit position wuh
' firmness, and was soon established with hi cabi
net at Vera Crux. Meanwhile the government
of Znloapa was earnetly miMed in many parts
of the repnblic, and even in the capital, a portion
of tho army having pronounce! aeainst it, its
- rnaetiowa were declared terminated, and an as
sembly of citizens was invited for the choice of
a new president, ibis assembly circled leueral
- Miramon, bat that officer repudiated the plsn.uii
der which he was chosen, and Zuliisga was tints
: restored to hi previous psJtitinti. Ha assumed it
however to withdraw from it. aud Mirautott bar
ing become by his appointment prexidt-ut substi-
. tnte, eon ti ones with that title, at the bead uf the
insolvent nartr.
In my last messxee I communicated to Congress
"the cirenrastauces under which the Into uiiuiMer
-of the U.S. snspended bts omcial relations wuh
' the Central Government and withdrew from the
- country. It was impossible to maintain Iricnulv
intercourse with a government like that at the
capital, under whose usurped authority wrong
were constantly committed, but never redressed
Had this been an established government, with
its power extending by the consent of the people,
-over the whole of Mexico, a reaturt to h. ilities
stgainstit would have been suite justifiable, aud
. indeed necessary. But the country wxs a party
-to civil war, and it was hoped that the success ot
the constitutional president tuiptit lead to a rvn
. . ditioa of things le.-s injurious to the IS. S. Thi.
success became so probable that in January but 1
-employed a reliable agent to visit Mexico and re
port to me the actual condition and prospect of
the contending parties. In consequence of his
report I felt justified in appoiouue new uiiuis
ter to Mexico who aught embrace the earliest sui
table opportunity of restoring our diplomatic rela
tions with that republic. Fur this a distinguish
ed citizen of Maryland was selected, w ho procee
ded on his mission on the Hth of March last, ith
discretionary authority to recognise the govern
ment of president Juarez, if be should find it en-
titled to such recognition, according to the estab
lished practice of the V. 8
On the 7th of April following Mr. McLane pre
sented his credentials to president Juarez, having
no hesitation in pronouncing the government ot
Juares tbi only existing government of the re-
. public lie was cordially received by the autlior-
- - . . j.i i .
lues at t era V im. anu mey iistc ever since man
ifested the most friendly disposition towards the
V. S. Unhappily however the constitutional go
verment has not been well able to establish its
power over the whole republic. It is supported
by a large majority of the people and the "states
bat there are important parts uf ths country in
w hich it can enforce no obedience, tien. Mirain
on maiutaiua himself at the capital, aud in some
. of the distant provinces there are mili ary gover
nors who pay little respect to the dcc.x-e uf either
govern merl
in the meantime, the excesses which always at
tend upon civil war. especially in Mexico, are
constantly recurring'. Outrages of the wurst des
cription are committed both upon persons and up
on property. There is scarcely any form of inju
ry which has not been suffered by our citizeus in
: Mexico during the last few years. We have been
nominally at peace with that republic: but so far
as the interests of our roinmercour ot our citizens
who have visited the country as merchants, ship
masters, or in other capacities, are concerned, we
.might as well have been at war. Life has been
insecure-; property unprotected, and trade impos
sible except at a risk of loss prudent men cannot
be expected to incur. Important contracts invol-
tral government have been set at defiance by the
local governments. Peaceful American residents
occupying their rightful possessions, have been
suddenly -Xe!ied from the country in defiance of
treaties, aud by the mere force of arbitrary power.
ven the course id" justice has not been sate from
control, and a recent decree of Miramon permits
the intervention of the government in all suits
where either party is a foreigner. Vessels of the
, U. S. have been seized witm-nt law. and a cousu
; lar officer who protested against such seizure has
been fined and imprisoned for disrespect to the
authorities. Military contributions hare been le
vied in violence ot every principle of righr; and
the American who resisted the lawless deniaud,
has had his property forcibly taken away, aud has
himself been banished. Krora a conflict of autho
rity in different parts of the country tariff du;i.-s
which have been paid in one place, have been ex
acted over again in another place. Large num
bers of our citizens have been arrested and im
prisoned, without any form of examination or any
-opportunity for a hearing, and even when releas
ed, have only obtained their liberty after much
suffering ami injury, aud Without any hope of re
press. Tho wholesale massacre of Crabbe and his as
sociates without trial, in Sunora. as well as th
eiauro and murder of four sick Americans, who
ktad taken belter in the house of an American, on
the soil of tho U. 8., was communicated to Con
gress at its last session. Murders of a still more
Atrocious character have been com mil ted in the
very heart of Mexico, under the authority of Mir
amon's frovernaneut during the pr-rfcnt year.
Some of these were only worthy of a baroarons
age, aad if they bad not been cleariy proven w, u'U
have seemed impossible in a country which claims
to be civilized. Of this Oesctipliou was the bru
tal massacre, in April last, by order of Marques
of three American physicians, who were seized in
the hospital of Tacubaya. w, hile attending the sick
jtad dying of both parties, and who. without trial
were hurried away to speedy execution.
Little less shocking was the recent fate of Or
snond Chase, who was shot in Tepic on the 7th
-of August last by order of the saino Mexican
. Gem-rat. not only wiibout trial, but without any
-conjectnre by bis friends of the cause of his ar
rest. He is represented as a young man of good
character and intelligence, who had numerous
j'riends in Tepic, by the courage aud humanity
which he had displayed on several trying occa
sions, and his death was as unexpected as it was
anocking to the whole community.
Other outrages might be illustrated, but these
.axe sufficient to illustrate the wretched slate of
the country and the unprotected condition of the
. persons aud property of our citizens iu Mexico.
In all these cases, our minis urs have been con
taut and faitliful iu their demands for redress,
but both they and this Government, which they
have successively represented, have been holiy
powerless to make their demands effect
ive. Tbr testimony, in this respect, and iu ret
erence to the only remedy, which iu their judg
ments would meet the exigency has been both
aniform aud emphatic. otbiug but a manifes
tation of the Government of the I'uitetl States."
wrote our late Minister in 1 .", and of its pur
nose to punish tbeae wrongs will avail. 1 assure
you that Ike anirersal belief is, that there is noth
ing to be apprehended from the Government of
toe lu. o., and that local Mexican racials can
commit these outrages Uon American citizens
with absolute impunity." 1 hope the I'resi--dent."
wrote or present Minister in August last,
will feci authorized to ask from Congress the
power to enter Mexico with military forces of the
U. 8., at the call of the constitutional authorities,
in order to protect the citizens and the treaty
rights of the LT. S. Unless such a power is cnu
- f erred upon him, neither the one nor the other
will be respected in the existing state of anarchy
aad disorder, and the on i rages already perpetra
ted will uerer be chastised; and as 1 assured you
iu my o. &(, all these evils must increase until
every arestigesd order and government disappears
from Ike country,"' I have been reluctantly )d
to the same opinion ; and in justice to my coun
trymen who hare suffered wrongs from Mexico,
An& who may stiU suffer them, I loci bound to an
nounce this conclusion to Congress. The case
presented, however, is not merely a ease of iudi-
. widual claims, although our just claims agaiast
'Mexico have reached a very large amount. Kor
is it merely the ease of protection to the lives and
property ot the few Americans who may still re
piain in Mexico, although the life and property of
.every American citizen ought to be sacredly pro
tected in every quarter ot the world: but it is a
question w-faich relates to the future as well as to
: the present and the past; and which involves,
indirectly, at least, the wboiesubject of our duty
, to Mexico as a neighboring State. The exercise
iof the power of the U. 8. in that country to re-
- dresa the wrongs and protect the right. f our
gwp riagons, ie artaa) jes tto be desired b.
canse efficient and necessary aid may thus be
rendered at the same tuno to restore peace and or
der to Mexico itself. In the accomplishment of
this result the people of the U. 8. must necssarily
feel a doe interest. Mexico ought to be a rich,
prosperous and powerful Bepnbuc. She possess
es an extensive territory, a fcrtale soil, and an in
calculable Store of mineral wealth. .She occupies
an important position between the Oulf aad the
Oeean, for transit routes and for commerce. Is
it possible that such a country as this can be giv
en up to anarchy and ruin, without an effort, from
any quarter, for its rescue and its safety f Will
the commercial nations of the world, which have
so many interests connected with it, remain whol
ly indifferent to such t result T
Can the U. S. especially, which ought to share
most largely In its commercial intercourse, allow
their immediate neighbor thus to destroy itself and
injure them I Yet, without support from some
quarter, it is impossible to perceive how Mexico
can resume her position among nations, and enter
tipon a career which promises any good results.
The aid which she requires, and which the inter
ests of all commercial countries require that she
should have, it belongs to this government to ren
der, not onlv by virtue of our neighborhood to
Mexico, along whose territory we have a continu
ous troutier of nearly J.ikkj miles, but by virtue
also of our established policy, a hich is inconsistent
with the intervention of any European power in
the concerns of that republic.
The wrong which we have suffered (Trom Mexi
co are before the world, and must deeply impress
every American citizen. A government which is
either unable or unwilling to redress such roups
is uerolict to its tncnest duties. 1 he ditncnliy
consists in selectine and enforcing the remedy.
We may in vain apply to the constitutional gov
ernment at era Crux although it is well di-nnsi-d
trt do ns justice for adequate redress.
Whilst Its authority is aoknouleded in all the
important ports and throughout the sf a rents of
the repiinuc. Its power om-s not exteno to tne int
of Mexico, and to states in its vt-inity where near
ly all the recent outrages have been coiumitird
nnon American citizens. - -
We must penetrate into the interior b. fore we
can reach the offenders ; and this can ouly be done
by passing through the territory in the occupation
of the constitutional government, ltie must c
ceDtable and least difficult mode of accomplishing
the object, will be to act in concert with that gov
ernment. Their consent and their aid might, 1
tn-Iieve, be obtnined : but, if not. our obligation to
protect our own citizens m their just rights, se
cured by treaty, would not be the less imperative.
For ihe.-erens-nis I rocmnmend to Congress to pass
a law autliunzit-g the 1 resident, under such con
ditions as they may deem cspe-li'-nl, to employ a
snthcient military force to enter Mexico tor l lie
nnrnose of .b:ninine indemnity for the pist and
swnriry for the future." I purp-ely refrain from
any suggestion as to whether ibis force shall con
sist of regular troops, or volunteers, or both. This
qnestiott may be most appropriately left to the de
cision of Congress. 1 would merely observe that,
should volunteers be selected, such a force could
be easily raised in this country, among those who
sympathize with the sufferings of our unfortunate
fellow-citizens in Mexico, and with the unhappy
condition of that republic. Such an accession to
the forces of the constitutional government would
enable it soon to reach the City of Mexico, and ex
tend its power over the w hole republic. In that
event, tht re is no reason to do nut that the just
claims of uttt citizens would be satisfied, and ade
quate redress obtained for the injuries indicted ou
them. The constitutional government have ever
evinced a stiong desire to uphold just ie ; and this
might be secured iu advance by a preliminary
treaty.
It may be said that these measures will, at least
indirectly, be inconsistent with our wise and set
tied policy not to interfere in the domestic con
cerns of foreign nations. But does not I he pres
ent rase fairly constitute an exception f Au ad
joining republic is in a state of anarchy and con
fusion, from which she has proved wholly unabl-.-to
extricate herself ; she is entirely destitute of the
forces to maintain pence upon her borders, or to
prevent the incursions of banditti into our terri
tory .
in her fate and her fortune, and her power to
establish and maintain a settled government, we
have a far deeper interest socially, commercial ly
aud politically, than any other nation. S-lie is now
a wreck upon the ocenn, drifting about as she is
impelled by different factions. As good neighbors,
aha I we not exrend to b -r a helping hand, to save
her? If we do not it would not be surprising should
some other nation undertake the task, aud thus
force ns to interfere at last, under circumstances
uf increased difficulty, for the maintenance of our
established policy.
I repeat the recommeudation contained in my
last annual message, that authority may be giveu
to the President to establish one or more tempora
ry military posts across the Mexican line in Souora
protect the lives of American and Mexican citizens
against the inenrsiotia and depredation of the Iu
diaus, as well as law less rovers in that remote re
gion. The establishment of oue such mist at a
loint called Arrisbe, iu Snmora, in a country now
almost depopulated by the hostile inroads uf tbe
Indians from our side of the line, would, it is be
lieved, have prevented much injury and maiivcru-
cities during the past season. A state of lawless
ness and violence prevailed in that distant fron
tier. Life and property are there wholly insecure.
The population ot Arizona.uow numbering more
than 3.WuO souls, are practically destitute of laws.
of government, and any reiru.ar administration ol
justice. Murder, rapine and o;ln-r ciimesaro com
muted with impunity. I thereltire again call tin-
attention of Congress to the necessity for estab
lishing a Territorial government over Arizona.
I he treaty with icnragu of the lu h leb.,
iS'ni, to which 1 referred iu mv last annual mes
sage, failed to receive the ratification of the gov
eruni-ut of that republic far reasons I need not
enumerate. A similar treaty has been since con
cluded between the parties, bearing date ou the
10th March, J Soil, which hat already been ran tied
by the Nicaragaan Congress. This will be iiiime-
diatelv submitted lo tbe benafc for their ratifica
tion. Its provisions cannot, 1 think. fail to Unac
ceptable to the eople of both eot?jlrie.
Unr claims against the governments f Costa
Kica aud itcarag4a remain nnredi-ss I, though
they are pressed in an earnest manner, and not
wituuut hope of Biu-cr.
1 deem ii to be my duty, once more, earnestly
to recommend to Congress the passage of a law
.-lUthuriziug the President to i-mplov the naval
forces at his command, for ihe purpose of protect
ing tbe lives and property uf Am.-rican citizens
passing in transit across the Panama, Nicaragua,
and Teh-jHUtepec routes, against sudden and law
less outbreaks and depredations. 1 shall not re
peal tbe arguments employed in former messages
in support of this measure, sjuthce it to say, that
the lives of many of our people, and the security
of vast amounts of treasure passing and repassing
over one or more of these routes between the At
lantic an-l Pacific. -may lc deeply involved iu the
action of Congress on ibis subject.
1 wvuid also recommend '-onpress that author
ity be given to the President to employ the naval
force to protect Americau merchant vessels, their
crews aud cargoes, against violent and lawless
seizure and coofiealioii in the ports of Mexico
and the Spanish American Slates, when these
countries may be in disturbed and revolutionary
condition. The mere knowledge that sin h author
ity had been conferred, as I have already stated,
would uf itself, in a great degree, prevent the evil;
neither would this require any addiiiotial appro
priation for the naval service.
The objection urged against the grant 'of this
am hority is, that Congress, ly conferring it. would
violate the Constitution I hat it would be a trans
fer of the w ir-makiu, or, stri fly spe ik n, of the
war-declaring power to the Kxeciitive. If this
were well-founded, it would, of conrsc.be conclu
sive. A very brief examination, however, will
place tbe objection at rest. Congress mss4ses
the sole and exclusive power, nuder the Constitu
tion, to declare war. They aloue can raise aud
support armies, and provide and maintaiu a navy.
After Congress shall have declared war pro
vided the force necessary to carry it on the Pres
ident, as commander-in-chief of :he army and na
vy, can alone employ this force in marching
against aa enemy. This is tbe plain language;
and history proves that it was the kuomu inten
tion of the tranters of tne Constitution. It will
not be denied that general power lo declare war
is without limitation, aud embraces within itself
not only what writers on the law of nations term
a public or perfect war, but also au imperfect war;
in short, every species of hostility, however con
fined or limited. Without the authority of Con
gresa.the President cannot firea hostile gun in any
case, except to repel the attack of an enemy. It
will nut be doubted that under this power Congress
could, if they thought proper, authorize the Pres
ident to employ the force at bis command to seize
a vessel belonging to an Americau citizen, who
had been illegally and unjustly captured iu a for
eign port, and restore it to its owner. But can
C ngress only act after tbe fact, long after the uiis-chi-f
has been done f Have they no power to
confer upon the President the authority, iu ad
vance, to furnish instant redress, should such a
case afterward occur f Must they wait unnl the
mischief has been done! Cau they apple the rem
edy only when it is too late f
To confer this authority to meet future cases,
uuder cite unbalances to be strictly specified, is as
clearly within the war-declaration power as such
an aulhoriry conferred nptui the President by act
uf Congress after the deed had been dune. In the
progress of a great nation many exigencies must
arise, iniperatively requiriugtluit Congress should
authoriaw lhe President ta act promptly on eertaiu
condition") which mutg or m&f-UQl ajturwarfh arise.
Our hi-tory has already presented a number of
such cases. I sball refer only to the latest, nudt-r
the resolution of June 2d, Uio8, for the adjustment
' of difficulties with ths republic of Paruaay. The
President is authorised In adopt such measure
and use such force as In his judgment may be no-
. ressary and advisable in the event of a refusal of
just satisfaction by the government of Paraguay.
Haiisfliction for w'hatf For t ha attack upon the
IT. S. steamer H'mtrr R ttra. and other matters re
ferred In in the annual message of ihe President.
Here the power is expressly granted, upnn th
condition that Psragnav shall refuse to render this
just satisfaction. In this aud nth'-r similar cases.
Congress have conferred upon the President power
in advance, to employ the army and navy npon
; the happ -niag of contingent future events ; and
this most certainly is embraced within th power
to declare war. Now, if this additional contingent
"power count ho constitutionally conferred npnu
tho President in the case of Paraguay, why may
it not bis conferred for tho purpose of protecting
the lives and property of American citizens, in tho
event that thev may hi violently and unlawfully
attacked, in passing over the transit routes tn and
from CalifiH-uia. or assailed by the si-isnre of their
- vessels in f.uvlgn ports t To d-ny this power is
to render the navy in a great degree useless for
tho protection of American citiz -ns, in countries
where neither protection nor redress can be other
wise obtained.
Thit 155th Congress terminated on the 3d of
M.-m-h, leSii. without having passed thn art unik-
tnsr appropriations fr the service id the 1'ost Ot-
ticn Department during the fiscal year ending the
' 3thh June, Id 0. This act also contained an ap
propriation to supply deficiencies in the INist Ot-
tirtr Department tor m yeareuuing uin oi jiint.
IrCtil. 1 iw-lieve this is lb. i first instance siuco lb
origin ot the Federal Government, now more than
70 years ng o, when any Congress went nut of ex
istence wi liont having passed me general appro
priation bills necessary to carry nit the Govt-rn
ueiit until the regular period for the meeting of a
new Congress. This event imposed on the Kx
ecuiive n grave responsibility. It presented a
choi co nr evils Had !hs omission ot duty oc
curred at the first session of the lt Congress
tin- remedy would line b -en plain. I uiiglit tli.-n
have instantly r--call--d them lo comp.eiu their
du v, anil 'his without expense to the Govern
ment. Hut ou the 4th of March last there were
fifcet-n of the lhirtv-thre Stales whit h hud not
elected any Representatives to the present Con
gress. Had Congress been called together im
mediately, these States would have been virtually
disfranchised. If an intt-ruiediate period had
b.-eti s-lected. sevi-ml uf Ihe Stales would have
boeii compelled to hold an extra session of I heir
Legislatures, at great inconvenience and ex p. use,
lo provide for election at an earlier day limn
that pr-vions!y fixed by law. In the regular
course, t-n of these States would not elect till
after the beginning of August, and five of these
ten not tilt OctolK-r and Nuvcmb r. On the o:her
hand, when 1 came to examine closelv the condi
tion of ihe Post Otliee 1 . par: uii-tit, I did not meet
so many or great ditlietilties ns I had apprcli. -tid
ed . H id tint bill which failed been confined to
appropriations for the fiscal year ending on 30:h
June next, there wonld have been r-asou of pres.
ing importance for the call of au extra session.
Ko.hiug would become due on contracts ihot
with railroad companies only ex -epled for car
rtiug the mail for ifae first quarter of the pre sen
fiscal year, commencing the first of July, until
the first of li c-mber less than one week before
the uieeling of the present Congress. The rea
son is. that mail contractors for this, tl.ecurreu.
year, did not complete tln-ir first tiuarter's srr
vice until the tth of Septeaib-r; aud ly the terms
of their contracts, sixtv days more are allowed foi
ihe set Dement of their accounts before ihe De
partment conid be called upon for payment. The
great difficulty and the gr. at hardships const .toil
in tbe failure to provide for tbe payment of the
dt'fiticiu-ies iu the fiscal year ending ik'ih J line,
I -i-l. Th j Department had entered iuio con
tracts, iu obi-dieuee to the existing laus for tln
aervics! of tb.-.t fiscal year, and I ha contractors
were fairly emitted to their compensation as ii
became due The deficiency, as stated in the bill,
amounted to,n?:t,iJ,Ji ; but after a can-ful set
t lenient of all these ae;-oitnt, it bts b.vn ascer
tained that it amounted to $ M.lkJj With the
scanty means at his command, the Postmaster
Geiitrial has managed to pay that portion of the
d fieieiicy which occurred in the first two qn ir
t-.-rs id" the pist fiscal year ending on th .lis.
December last. In the meantime. the contractors
thenn.-lves have behaved in a maimer worthy ot
a.l commendation. They ha I one resource in ihe
midst of thMr emlinrrassmept. After the amonn
due to each of them had Ik-oii ascertained and
finally settled according to law, this became a
special debt of record .-(gainst the L S., hich
enabled them to borrow money. On this ques
tionable security, still they were obliged to pay
interest; and in coiiscqttcuee of the default of
- i
ought to receive inter st from the liovernuieiit
This interest should roimueiie t from the date
wh-n a warrant would have issued for tbe pay-im-nt
of the principal, had an appropriation bei-n
made for the purpose. Calculated up to Jt Dec.,
it ilt not exceed $.l(,ro" a sum not to be taken
into account hen contrasted "iili the dirticulnes
and embarrassments f a public aud private char
acter, both to the people and the Sta.es, which
would have resulted from convening and holding
a special session of Congress. Por these reasons,
1 recommend tho pasnge of a bill at an early
day ns uiay be practicable, to provide for ihe pay
ment of the amount. ilii interest due, to those
mentioned contractors, as well as lo make tin
tiecess.nry appropriation for the service of the
Post OrfiVc D -partiueiit for the current fi-cal year.
The taiiitro to pas the Post Oihee Bill necessa
rily gives birth to serious reflections. Congress,
by r -fitsing to pass thegeiieial appropiiaiioit bills
necessary in carry on the Gnveriimeur. may not
ouly art est its actint,. but might even destroy its
exij-tence. Tile Army, t lie Nvy. the Judiciary
iu short, every department of ihu Uov.-rniil.-ni
cm no ioiigi-r pcifoiui l heir functions, if Congress
relu.es the money necessary tor their siippoi-r.
If this fai.ure should teach the country the ne
cessity of electing a full Congress in snmViciit
time to enable thtf President to convene them in
any emergency, even immediately after the old
Congress has expired, it will have been productive
of great good in time of sii'ldeu and alarming de
sign foreign ir domestic, which all na:im must
ex-ect lo encounter in their progress. Tim very
saivaion of our instir nti.us may be staked upon
ihe assembling .f Congress without delay. It
under such rircumstAnoK, the President should
find himself iu the condition in which he wns
ptarcd at Ihe close of the last Congress with uear
ty halt the .states of the Union destitute uf Ki',1
reaeutatives, the cousequeiices might be disas
trous. I therefore revommeud to Congress to
carry in.n effect Ihe provisions of the Constitution
on ibis subject, to pass a law appointing some day
previous to the 1 lluf M trch in each year of odd
niiiitlivr, for lint election of representatives
throughout all the Stales. They have already
appointed a day for tho election of eleetirs for
President and Vice President ; and this measure
has been approved by ihecHiutry.
I would again express a most decided opinion
in favor uf th construction of a Pacific Railroad,
for ihe reasons staled in my two last annual mes
sages. When I reflect upon what would be the
defenseless condition of our States and Territo
ries of the Koeky Mountains iu case uf a war
with a naval power sufficiently strong to inter
rupt all intercourse with tln-ni by boats across the
Isthmus, I am sti.l more convinced than ever uf
the vast imtoriauce of this Railroad. 1 have
never doubted tho constitutional competency of
Congress to provide for its construction, bnt this
exclusively under the war-making power. Be
sides, the Constitution expressly requires, as an
imperative duty, that the I. S. sImII protect each
of ihe States against invasion. I am at a loss to
conceive how this protection can lie afforded to
California ami Oregon against such a naval pow
er, by any aaber means. 1 repeat the opinion con
tained iu my last Annual Mcsare, that it would
be inexpedient fol ihe Government to undertake
this great work by agents of its uwu appoiu tmeiit.
aud under its direct control. This wouid increase
the patronage of the Kxecntive to a dangerous
extent, aud would foster a system of jobbing and
corruption, which no vigilance on the part uf
Federal otfi.-ials could prevent. The construction
of this road ought, thercforo, to be ent rutted to
incorporated companies, or other agencies, who
would exercise that active aud vigilant supervi
sion over it which can be supplied alone by a
sense of corporate and individual interest. I
venture to assert that the additional cost of trans
porting troops, munitions uf war. and necessary
supplies for the army, across the vast intervening
plains, to our ussessions on the Pacific, would
be greater in such a war than the whole amount
required to construct the road ; and yet, this re
sort would after all be inadequate for their de
fense and protection.
We have yet scarcely recovered from the habits of
extravagant expenditure produced by an overflowing
treasury, during several years prior to the commence
ment of my Ailmiuistnttiou. The htiam-uil reverses
which we liave since experienced, ouht to teach ua
all to scrut.mze our expvuditurea with Hie greatest vig
ilance, aud reduce them to tlto lowest possible puint.
Tbe Lxectitive Departments of the Government have
devoted themselves to the accomplishment of this ob
ject, with considerable success, aa will appear from
their ditl'ercut reports and estimate. T tuuse I invite
tlie scrutiny of v ongress, tor lite purpose of reducing
them Mill lower, if this be practicably consistent wiui
the great public interests ot the country. "
lu aid of the policy of retrenchment, I pledge my
self to examine closely the bills appropriating laud or
uiouey, so that if auy of these should inudverteully
pass both Houses, as must sometimes lie tho case, I
. it mv sUiord ttieiu tho opHrSunity for ToeousidenMiou.
At'tba same nuts we ally lit) never ) farget tru
public economy consists iu not withholding the mean
necessary to accomplish important national objects
cjnllricd'to ua by the Constitution, but iu taking cure
that the money appropriated for these purposes shuli
be fuitlifiiilv aud li-ugally expended. - - '
it will appear from the report of the eeretary of
the Treasury that it is extremely doubtful, to su. the
least, m-hetlier tve shall be able to paae through tbe
present and the next fiscal year, without presiding ad
ditional revenue. Tuis ran ouly bo accomplished by
strictly ciiiitiiiing the appropriation within the estl
umtes'of the different Departments, without making
an allowance for any additional expenditures which
Congress may think proier iu their discretion lo au
thorize, without providing for the redemption of auy
portion of the twenty million dollars of Trvusury notes
which have been already issued, in the event or a de
ficiency, which I consider probable. Tuis ought never
to bo supplied bra resort id additional loans It would
be a ruinous ja-uctioe, in tbe days of ttce mid pros
perity, to go ou increasing the national debt to meet
the ordinary expenses of Oovenuueut. . This policy
would cripple our resources, and imiwir our credit in
case the existence of warsbouht reuderil necessary to
borrow money". Should such a deficiency occur, as
apprehended. I would recomuieud that the necesrary
revemie be raised by an increase of present duties on
imports. 1 need not repeat the opinions expressed in
my hist Aumial Message as to ths best mode mid man
ner of accomplishing tuis object, tuid shall uow merely
observe that these hare since undergone no change.
The n-nort ol the Secretary of the Treasury will
explain iu detail the operations of that Department of
tlie uovenuueut. 1 tie receipts lino me J reasory irora
all sources during the fiscal year ending :tOth June.
!', iuc hiding the loun authorised by the Act of Nth
January, It&i, and tlie issue of Treasury notes author
ized by existing laws, were$1l,nliVfn 01. which sum,
witu (lie balance of $),3.e,Ulo 10 reiiiaiuing in the
Treasury ut the commencement uf this liscul year,
make uu ugrt gMe fur service for the year of $-W,iO0,-11.
. Tbe pnblie expend Inre tlorinit the Hsrul year coding
si. t. J.ua, ifVKi, amounted ts tSl,lJill tt.K
uf this sum $i; .-blj.'s) ll were applied to the pay
ment of interest on the public debt mid the redemption
of tne issues of Treasury notes. Tlicexciiillliires for
all other branches of the public service during that tts
rul vear wero. therefore. ..Jid ititi lit.
Tne ludunee reiuuiuing iuSlie Treasury on the 1st of
jhiv, im.i, iM-uig tlie coimnem-eiueui oi we present
uscal vear, wa JJsl.A'." at.
Toe' receipts Inio tbe Tnaisiiry during the first quar
ter of tbe present Usual year, coouneuciug July 1st,
ixxj, were ea.',ii.7.siu rv.
IK tins amount ( J,!il,300 was received on account
it the loan and tbe issue ol Treasurv notes, thcwiuount
of Stli,, H ,ouo 83 having been received during tbe
liiiu'iei- trotu the ordiuury sources ot punav revenue.
Toe ertiui.ited receipts lor the i-ein.iiiiuig three quar
ters of tne present nscul year, to Juth Juiie, Hlrl, arc
tj.fM,1M. of this amviuit, it is estimated that t.
i iiMviuu will be receipted for by Tre.uoiry notes which
ai.iv be re issued under tlie Mu suction ol the act of 3d
M.trcii hist; mid (t.irj.tssj on account of the loan au
loomed bv the uct of June Ittii, liiiS minting f-i,-
.r.b.uu from these extruordinary sources, and $ isJ.ioU,-
uUU from tue ordiiuu-y sources ot the public revenue ;
uakuig au aggregate, with tlie balance iu tlie Treiuu
rv ou tst Julv, 1'. of t. 5.3.-v4.5ll 8tf for the estimat
ed means of the present liscat year, ending 30th June,
loo t. .
T.ie expenditures dnriiig the first quarter of tbe rres
cut Dscal year Were y-1,0 r,i.4 2b. $ i,ls1.3ob .6 ot
this sum was applied to the payment ot interest uu the
public deM, and tbe reinaiouLr. f lo.fc.f , teas u
plict to the ordiuary exienditures of the quarter.
Tbe estinialed expenditures dunug t.ie reiuaininx
llircc ipiiincrf, to June itoth, Inou, are f Ii Jo,ois c3
j1 win !i eii.n $.,-M.tj.l 34 are etiiuuu-d tor tbe iu
crest on tlie public dett.
Tjo aseerta netl aud estimated expenditures for tbe
fiscal year vuuiug Un4u Juuc, iMm. on accoum tif tlie
public ueitt, are, accordingly, f ,'-t3 lu; and tot
...e ordiuury exK.-nditnre ot'tiie goveminent, $kl,tSI,
641 SJ iukiii an aggregate of Sul,U0x:,3v ud, leav
ing au esiiintited twlai.ee in the Treasury ou tbe 3-tb
J.i e, i v. i, of 1 l,:i--n .StsS 40.
Tae estimuieu receipts durinir the next fiscal year
eiiumg 3ottt June, 14tiu, are tMj.-io.uou, which, with tue
.dance estiimtted, as before staled, as rrmai.iing iu the
T.vaoiii v i 3oUi J line, Irii ', will make an aggregate
lor the service of the next hscal y enrol ( u,1I4i.imi.9 4iI.
T.ie oliouiied expeiidilutes da.injr the next fiscal
year ending .s-th June. l-ril, a e oo.rtt.;Ka ,M. ti
litis amount 1 t,Ji.fc:l 34 will be rcpiired to p ic the
urn-rest ou Ins public debt, leaving tue stun ot oJ3-.Jv
! to f r tne estimated ordinary expeiise dunug the
iisc.il year ending June 3Utti, latil. Upon these esti
mates, a balance will be left in the Treasury on June
J ah. Intil, of $ 1),S-I,h;;i . But this fKilance, as
well as that estimated lo remain iu the Treasury ou tbe
1st July, lii'i. will be re ItH-ed by such appropViations
as shall Im; made by law to carry into effect certain In
dian treaties during the present fiscal year, at-fced tor
by the Secretary of the Interior, lo tbe umoiint uf
$3.i,3); aud. ufsiu tbe estiumlcs of tlie Postmaster
general, lor the nervice ot' his demrtmetit during the
last Um-uI year, ending 'tth Jane. 18o, aiitountiug to
$ t.-Ni.is". together with the further estimate of that
ottioer tor ttte service of the present fiscal year, eliding
3-a ii .lime, being $j.a-o,3'J uiakiug au aggregate of
f ld,:kii,ts:t.
8tnvuld these appropriations he made as reijue etcd by
the proper Depaitinenls, t;'.e b.thmce in tlte Treasury
ou ttte 3Hth June, lsisl, will not, it is esti ina'ed, exceed
tl.Ai-J.UHi Id.
1 transmit herewith the ltept rt of the Secretaries of
Wa-, of the Navy, of t. e lnu-rior, and of the Post
master 1 Seneml. T.tey each rotituin valnable informa
liou and important rerouimctidatimis, well worthy of
tue serious consideration of Congress.
It will appear, from the Iteport of the Secretary of
s nr. tiii trii' Tm niliuui'M Liivn Ii ' t- -
ly rediK-ed. by a system or rigid economy, which, in
uia opinion, oilers every guaranlee that the reduction
will tie permanent Tne estimates of the Depatmeut
for the next year have been reduced nearly f-'.O-U.Ueti
below the estimates for the piesent hsral year, and
.mM.ISHI below ne Mtnotntt granted for this year, at
ute last session ,f Cougrcsi-.
T.kj expeuditures of the Post Oliice Department
luring the past lis.-al year, ending 3Uth June, lit:. ex
clusive of payments for mail service ypectaKy provided
by (Nt-irers out id" the IK-nenil Treasurv," ainoiinted
io$i i.st.ijj uu i its ttit;p. to ;.; -pjl I.?
s.iowi-i a deliciency 10 be supplied from the Treasury
of -.J.si vii, against io.-lii 0. 7 1 j for the vear
enditt- 3-th June, isi1.
1 mi increased cost of transportations growing out of
the exausioii of lite H-n tee retiiire,l by Congress,
expl.iins t;-is rapid angmeutalitiu of the expenditures.
Ii is gratifying, however, to observe au iuereuseof receipt-
ft tne year ending 3-tti June, equal to
t.sb;iii rouipaied wit it those if tne vear ending
J.iue Jl, Inj-i. It is eti united f at tne deiiciem-y lor
tile current lixil year will be ..li 04 but that,
for tlie year ending 3 th J n:e. It 61, it will w-i ex-eed
St, 3 ti,i. 3 tJ, should Ctuces ail gc the nieusitres ot
reform propaed aud nrjeU by tne I'osttuaster lletieraL
Mtu,e t ie month uf Marca, retrettciimeitts have been
ma le ill expeuditures, a uouiiltii lo yiSo,l 1 aniiuully,
iia-h, however, did ti n laae e:fect till utter the coui
iiieiiceiueiit ol the present liseal year. Tue Jieriod
seems to have arrived for dtserntiiiiug tile question
vbetoer Ibis deiairtiueut shall Itec-oine a neruianent
and ever ittcvasiuif elutre npo ihe Treasury, or be
penuiiieu (u resttnte Kite seii-sunfaiumg ptmey- ivnten
Inis so long eontrtdled its adiumisiratioii. The course
of legi-brii n reroni mended by the Postmaster fteu-
eral lor the lelief of t- e IK-wrtiuetil from its present
eiubarrusstnciits, and for resiormg it to iis original iu
defieudetne, is deserx'ing of your early and earnest
cotirtileraiiiiu.
lu eotMjlttsiou. I would asam eotumend to tbe jitet
liberulity of Congress, tie 1n-1 interests ot the I iis
trtt t of uluiitbia. Sun I.-, the citv bearing the niiiite
of Wiuliiiigton. anil destined, I iiu-t. for ;;e lu he the
Cipital of our united, free ami r ispcroiis confedera
cy, has stroug claiuis ou our favorable regard.
rfAir. lll.Vlld.lA.1.
She (Oregon JWcsmatu
TCTB3DA.Y, J-A-IST. 31., I860.
rF The Message ctwils out "St. rierrr.
nin t-iilrctii-lii s iijmiii our eJitnriul sjiaei'. We
are suqiriseil that the message dtu-s not recotti-
tin-iid the payment of the Oregon war debt.
Owing to Geit. Lnne confidential and cost re
lations to Mr. Hiiclianiin.wecoiifitk'iitly eJM-cted
Laue would gvt that littlo matter endorsed liy
the President. We have tint smoe for a re
view of the tiii-ssnge. Hend it, nnd make roar
own coiutticiits. .
t& Cmigress had not organized. The tm-s-
cae was Bent in. notw ithstaiiding. Tbe dates
are tu Dec. 27. The speaker controversy oou
timicd abmit ns Itcfnre. The republicans were
till snpNirting Sherman. Most of the demo
crats Yi;t-d for Scott, of California. The gcucral
expectation was that Sherman would ultimate
ly succeed. No CnngTessiotial news. Geu.
Lane had introduced a bill to raise Judge Dea-
tiy s salary, ami cliango tue pinco ot holding
his court from Salciu to Portland.
The McRrtEix ix Polk Co. It appears that
"Monntaiu Uubinsnii's" name was E. M. Robson,
altlioiigh he was usually called Hobinson. The
Irislininn charged with the crime is named Thos.
Iangan. Kubsnn was shot in the left shoulder,
the bull passing through the lungs. His jaw
was broken and his face brutally mangled by
lieating with a board three or four feet long.
L illian denies killing him, aud charged it on
some etntngcr, " probably a Califoruiun," who,
he says, was there when he left. lie is com
mitted and will prolmbly be tried at the same
special term of court with Moss. '
The XoRTiiEttx Mines We hare made
arrangements for intelligent and accurate cor
respoudeuce from the Dalles and northern
mines. . ,
ty The Dr. Davis, whose name is mention
ed on our first page in co inection with quartz
discoveries, u , citizen of Lane Cot -
Peraeual. 8ome s-eeks sine a psnurrsiih was puMistM
In tlie Sl4ittMa by wsy of retort upon the tfWtfsnd TtaMS,
tatlngt It was rumored that the present editor of tost paper,
Son sftt-r bis arrival In Oregon Inst summer r rail, mads
overtures to lodge Williams to pises hlin (the editor) hi ths
7?nMs oliice, with the assurance that the Tint woulJ sup
port Mat (the la lite) tor U. 8- Senator. The paMleatloa wss
made on what was retarded rood aathorlly, aa4 believed to
be trie. On Sands tarnlng following, the editors of the
5attsiam ware la.trmed by s passenger by the boat of that
morning that a Dr. Loryea, of Portland, requested hlta to in
form them that he had come up as far as Chsmpoeg upon the
b tat, and had got off there to perform a rite of the Hebrew
church, but would come to Sateta that day ; that he (Loryea)
was the .accredited " friend " of Mr. KtuseU.of tbe Ttme, and
ha 1 sb'jwa him (tbe passenger) a bundle of written instruc
ttsos of the editor, corr impendence, ae., and requested him
to Inform the editors of his coming, snd the nature of his mis
sion. , Loryea dldnt come, and the next we heard of him, he
was reported at Oregon City, (tweely miles on the back tract)
giving as a reason tbr not coming ap fVo-a Chsmpoeg the ex
pense sf land travel, reading bit budget to th faithful there,
snd expressing great Impatience ta get a passage to gsjem.
When a boat came, Thursday morning, llw Statttnta a editors
were Informed by a second pssscnger thst Loryes hsd re
quested him to u tell Mr. Bosh thai he should be up ta the
boat Mr. Bash would know what It meant." Another
passenger slated that Loryes, while walkiug along the princi
pal street of Oregon City, suddenly pulled out a pistol and
flred In the air! saying that he did'nt know but his powder
wss damp.' If b hsrdly necesssry to ssy tlie next host didn't
bring Loryes ; but H brought the Time containing two or
three bullying, threatening articles, mid an evident appear
snee of surprise thst the Stttman had not retracted " ns
statement. Tbe articles, taken ahogx.-iher, forced ths coaclu
sioa that It had fceea anticipated that tbe messenger demos
stra km was going to frighten somebody, ami be tticonfinmt
ly f dlowe I by a retraction-" And it was farther concluded
thai it had not been the talent Ion of L rjta to visit Salem,
but that It wss fancied um hostile " nussatcei by passenKers
would do the business.
Tbe next Dtltiaonitfn contained a letter from Portland,
representing that tbe senior edHor of the Slitetak had been
advised of Ihe hcisMe preparations, and hat k-ft Portland tn
conseqaence of theui ; thst the editor of the Times wonldnt
stand a wrong, kc Till same L wyes hn been reported to
be this correspond nt. Possibly that s a mistake. The next
TTtase instead of correcting Utls utter falsehood of Ddusions
c jrrespondence, prefaced a two coliimn article devoted to
Judge WJtlams, with the fU tw.n.:
"It is proper to remark that before address
ing Judge Williaius on the subject, we made an
unsuccessful (-Hurt to coiiiiiiutiivntc with the etl
itnr of the Statetmafu. who was in this citv when
his paper containing the assault reached here.
Failing to reach him with a coititnatiication, the
matter took the following turn."
The fact ! that the senior of the Stattmmt met the editor
d the 7Tmee in Portland, sfter tbe receipt thereof the State.
mtf a referred to, and exchanged with him the usual dota
tions, taring at the same t-me a copy of said Stattmmj be
fore Id a; he remained at Portland unt 1 19 o'clock the next
day, w.k a be too the b st for Salem ; he heard no intimation
f say co.n o jnlcation, snd is informed no one tL); hvl.
A card fr.tm Ja tee Wdlisms, upon this subject, will be
.oawl apon our first nate. It is due the Jadge to say that
tlie mention of the fact by him was not for ths paposeof bar
ing it pob'stied. but, so lar as we are informed, wss made m
cidet lady , and la re.ly to speculations ss to who Lad aided
Mr. ft jsseU to get Into the Tmsss, and whose fwaatorial prj
tensioiis it would favor. -
Jj tge W.IUams more than sus'aios the allrgatioa of the
Statmt; and ws assure the Times that the people of Orc
g i.i, wno know the Jj tge, attach full credit to his statements.
At the time wbea Loryea's approach to Salem was an
nouuceil, Mr. Begxs, ass xriate eltt.r of the SUitetman, and
the writer of the paragraph deemed mi offensive tu the nice
honor of the editor of tlie Times, (the senior editor had been
istset al.-nt at Ptrtlaad anj Tsncouver.) hsd In coa
ts jptation a vsi.t to Portland, for rehixxtion ; bjt learning of
Ljryea's m ssion, asralted his arrival in lem. After wait
a; tea days, and being satisfied that Loryea would not come,
Mr. tl.-srri started for Portland, s here he a rived at o a noon.
About hair o'clock, P. M-, of the same day, be was waked on
at the M tropols hotel by Lsryea. The following is substan
tially Use coDversslion which occurred i ;
Loryvl. Mr. Begss, I wish to speak with you.
Begg. I don't know that you have aay business with me.
sir.
t- I have business of importance.
B What is your business
Z. I bsre a letter for you.
Jf. Deliver it, then.
' L. 1 want to have some conversation with yoa about lt-
B I donl want lo have any conversation with yoa about
that, or anything else.
L ( rtf A an istfnrtd BlV I wish to meet you ss a gentle
man in this business. M-. Beggx.
Jf. Too wiU not meet me at other than a gentleman, sir.
Z. When can I see you?
Jt. I am visible at all times, sir.
L. It is now my dinner hour. Where wiU yoa be after
dainerf
JS- 1 will be here, or m the neighborhood.
willwMfll , 1 1 itis ae inwr, 'WntZ Sdm
entty with oat affront at the undisguised and unmistakable
contempt and scorn which Mr. Biggs diaycd towards him
both in languaee and manser.
On coming out from the dining-room of the Mctr.'-polis, Mr.
Beggs saw Lorrea sitting la the bar-room. He look a seat,
when Loryea approached, and again commenced :
L. I want to sneak with you. Mr. Begss.
B. What Is your business with me, su ? -
i.. Is ant a private interview Ith you.
B. Tou hare no right to demand a p -irate interview with
me. and you eau't have it.
Loryea left.
About hir an hour aft-nranis. while Mr. Bcecswas sitting
In the efHce of l.-srs. Will-ams A fiibKs. he was railed upon
by W. W. Paee, Eq . who asSed him if he would consent to
met L-iryes at hi? tPageV) nmce, and receive a letter from
Jf' .'awwef .- aud alter reading Ihe b-tter, inform L-ryea
h-llHrr he ouli grant him a private inter lew. Mr. B.-gvs
replied that Loryea had called upo him twice, but had nei
tlir handed the iettr. nor tel-1 him from whom it was; that
Ltryea was a tmpfty, with whom he could hold no Interview,
private or pulilic. ami whom hr would md permit to annoy
him further ; thai if M. Russell wished co:n-imnicale with
him B?ees.) lie must do s throuirh a respeet.-tble an-l respon
sible cttixru. I l which case his coutinw-lcatHKl woof I be con
S'Oeresi '! herw s it would not. M . B.-gi was subsequent
ly Infortned by Mr. Pace that lie had acqu timvd Lseyea a ith
their coorersMti-t: ; and Uurttr Ihe week that Mr. B. remain
ed In P.irtland. he was not train aptir-Mkche! oa the subject.
One word to the rdit'r of the Sfmee We soucht no oi -troversr
with hi ., sod avoided one. till forced into ft ht St-I -defensr.
T'iMt p-tjier's quotations of ami representations
concerning Ihe 2ttitfmtit were habitually awry. We have
tdni wtff m ssmsI less eandor. In the very nunibr eontafn
tnr the l-lusrerin siecnaiH:" for a rWrvtef urn or' v xftrteMteitt
rt'A oae f Me moe rentafJ etfieeive of' ttregiHt w,w
oSV.-m sit tewe. are eoKlaine.1 several willml pervers VMt
nnr lanewage. 0:e illustralion will sumcc. In the State.
m-ra, of the week previous, we said :
"III llii country, obscenity, indecent alliieinns,
nil I the ineiitiiui of private individuals who
-k no public notoriety, are not tolerated.
Tlie TTm r, presented this as folio s :
" The statesman gives notice that all aspi
rant to political honors must rrpect to be
nrerwhelmed with olisceiiify nnd indecent nl -lusioiis,
no matter what their intellectual or
moral characters may lie."
It Is n I aeccs try to p-Mnl oat the alter misrepresentation
of Ihe Time. Ths is a staile of a numerous progeny.
I.i ccnintcttting npon the above quoted misrepresentation,
the Timet proceed :
" Such i- the delilierdte, defiant, and timely
wnrniiiof a pulilic journal elniiuing ton-present
the moral wtitiineiits of the pe-ople nnd iress of
Orefron. If the Statesman lives loop, it will
Mseertain that men can aspire tn anil fill places
of public trust and honor, and nt the same time
protect their names and reputations from " ob
scure and indecent attacks.
Tfie 7tmee tditor is understood by some tn be an aspirant
to Congressional honors, stiittitlated hy Mr. Stait's success.
If the e njeclure Is true, this laeeilf tuny hve b. en intended
lo deter discussion roncernins him. 11 so a will oil of i s pur
pose. The editor of the Time may have been also deceived
into the opinion that here in Oregon he could itspresent and
malign opponents and coteniporariea, and deter, by bluster
and its concomitants, aay retort. If so be hss round and will
find himself mistaken.
Tbe editor of tbe Time pronounced tbe allegation of tbe
Statesman Infamously false," calurorlous." an in ori
riows and slanderou assau'l upon his personal . haracter,"Ac,
and a threatening demand was made for retraction. The re
sult is t ie "explicitly denied," "infamous," ' calumnious "
averment proreH. by Ihe letter of Judge Williams, io this
issue. Mart, Jii'Ue Williams plainly intimates that tlte re is
o-Tiethitig unpublished "AamtnlfiMff " to the Time editor.
Mosul.. When charged with what can be proved, don't
maae a pompous display of outraged virtue, or warlike de
mand of " retraction." It is very likely to result in the pro
duction of the t stituony. Msny s gun
" Though well simed at duck or plover.
Bears wide and kicks its owner over."
ry Ex-Senator Joues, of Tennessee, is dead.
The papers say he died iu the faith of tbe
Democratic gospel according to Douglas. Iu
his last hours his great concern was lor Doup
las, who was his iutiinate personal frieud, ami
whenever he felt a moiueiit's relief froiu tbe al
most ceaseless pain which attcuded his illness,
he would cause oue of his nttcudauts to read
from the papers everything affecting the Illinois
Scuutor. Indeed, Ins intense coiiceru ou this
point aggravated his case and hastened him to
the grave.
' ty We are indebted to lion. Lansing Stout
fur documents.
Esc arc or Couriers Four piieuuers escaped from
the peuitentiury xtaxetduy uioruiujr. T.ieir names,
terms of imprisonment crimes, and leniii of time
served, lire us follows: Joint AMulili, lim years, steal
ing, serted 16 mouths; Win. lltuwell, ten yeata, hijch
wuy robbery, sered twoyeare; .NatUuinel v ronch.uve
years, tleultiiKi served Ihmouius; liutles Clayton, 3
years, stealing, eer ed six uioutus. luaddiuou lo tliese
a prisoner named Wueuu, who is iu lor lo years for
ttcaluiff, got oil wuii Uic test, but was stoppeu toy ilr.
1'cuiluuu, who nred tunas snots at luiu, wuu bis usual
success. I'oriltiMd Aews, zjitk Jam. -
(jjp Col. John Mc rakeu bus been uppoiuted Ti-eds-urvr
of At ulutomaii coimiy. SuuisUurv , i..e abscoi.uing
dctaulier. inuuaged to gel' on board tu'u steumer 1uhU
tma, aud sailed to Mut r'raucisco.
" 8l-BIL-Kl-aJl. By the boat of Sunday morning we receiv
ed a Kuer trout a O tilcs correspondent giemglatwacws man
Mm swuvs aUBxa, He sail fuwom it neat seas.
TUE STOl'KUI.DI!RS ! VCLl'aiO!(8
rHKSS.
r' The fidlowing list was scat aa by one of tbe stock
holders: ; Delason Smith, 6 sliurcs. (hufu't paid and nsver will),
f3ii; JtnnrtKl l'rie , 1. ju; J. M Mt Conarfl, 2, $!,;
Vinceut .Vataou, 8r. I, $.. ; ri. i. liufey. 1, $.; J. H.
C'rawford.w, $ttO; J. . I..uea, 1, i:" IV '. Ckap-maa-U,
tli; Jeremiah lnK,, $jU; Joel KutcU
v urn, 1, $; Josep Lnne, 5, ii; junil Henry Muiitb,
Of Lllayette, 1?, fldd; John Aduir, t, (iif: '.
Geary, 1, $i0; thsha Orifflth, t, $a: It. L. Brown,
1,$60: Hugh Fields, 1, $M; J. It. Preston, 1. 5A.
W. J. Laiiville, I, $; A. Uasaett, ,
$50; fuul Clover, 1, $U; It. U. VVillonifhby, I, aap.,
William 1'orter. l,A.1i; Amerirns fcatvane, f, T.
Alf.,nl. 1. aVdl: J. A. I'orter. I. 0: J. T. Crooks. 1.
W; N. II. rai or. I, $ SJ; W. O. Haley, 1, Lwis
Fleiechuer. 1. f,; J- II. Uwutlnt, i, 11. at.
Brown, I, fid; Martin Payne, I,J; George t aunty,
1.
There are' seveml democrats on the above Bat who
have no sympathy with Delusion's " medium of self
defense," but simply took a share to get rid of bis im
portunity. 8oine of tlietu are offering: to sell out for
fire cents upon the dollar. Query : Did Delusion re
i ciprocate by takiug a couple of "shares" inthap
nutn's medium," to be started at Encent f And do
Lune and liiB office Judders "comedown" to all tbe
little organs in the same amounts T
Laxe's Visuictivesess and Malioxitt.
1 In the last letter of Lane's Mose$-Yulee
blowers at Washington, published in the Cor
vallis Beef-Eater, occurs the follow ing :
. I have become acquainted with your Representa
tive, Stout, and find him a frank, nolile gentleman- I
think von have made a good duuige in taking? htm in
place of O rover. Tbe latter was a clever sort of a
man, but of too narrow aud contracted a mind. The
ruliiiif trait io Grover s character as it appears to us,
is concealment, which amoug tneo of honor is consid
ered a tiuniuiiig blemish."
These letters undoubtedly pass under Lane's
eye before they are mailed. They are written
by Lane's paid serrapts. and they are as much
Lane's as though he wrote them himself. We
would institute no invidious comparisons be
tween Messrs. Stout and Grocer. But, wc can
not avoid remarking what an insult is here of
fered by Gen. Laue to the people of Oregon,
whose weighty interests in tue matter of their
heavy war debt, were recklessly disregarded by
the tricksters who plotted Grocer's defeat, in
the name of Geu. Lane, and for Lane's vin
dication. to use his own words.
Lane imposes upon his hireling press very
contemptible service.
try For the benefit of thd Senatorial aspi
rants, we publish the following from tbe Senate
proceedings of Doc. 15, 130!). that they, iche i
electee!, mar avoid a similar fauz pai :
; Mr. Foot 'moved that the Senate proceed to
' carry out the order of the Senate for the elec
tion of chaplain.
Mr. Litre. I nominate Rer. Mr. Ball for
that office.
Mr. Font. 1 icnuld inform the Senator that
it is iot customary in the Senate to nominate
candidates for any office.
The Vice President then directed Senators
tn prt-pure their ballots; and. after balloting,
the result was announced as follows :
For Rer. P. D. Gurler, -.24
Her. IXihney Ball 9
Iter. Byrou Snnderhutd. ..15
Mr. Gurlev was elected on second ballot.
ly One of tbe most worthy democrats north
of here appends the following postscript to a
letter: ' "
I am glad to see you demolishing Delason.
After his publication of his "-bones of their grand
mothers ' letter, I never bad any confidence
iu or respect for him. 1 felt then that you
were fatally deceived w hen yon Supported him
for anything.
lie (the hue John P. Raines) used tosay that the Re
publican d K-trine was that of Henry Clay, and he be
uiir a Clay Witig, could uf coarse be nothing else but
a Republican. Jrywj.
James B. Clay, son of Henry Clay, says the
republican doctrine is diametrically opposed to
that of his father, and that being a Clay whig,
be can lie nothing else than a democrat. Hen
ry Clay otiee said in the Senate, that if the
whiff party ever detrenerated into a contempti
ble abolitiou party he should cease to be of it."
It? Z.X. Stansbury. treasurer of Mnltnomah
Co., proves to be a defaulter to the amount of
6.090. It is conjectured that this defalcation
will delay the payment of the county S.ate tax.
Moltuomah id likewise $1,200 in arrears on her
Territorial tax of last year.
Mirxrco. Mr. Buchanan, in his message,
treats tlie Juarez government as the established
one iu Mexico. News received since the
writing of the message, places the. Miramon
party on tlie road to undisputed dominion.
Miramon's forces had achieved a series of suc
cesses, aud were expected soon to attack Vera
Cruz, while the Juarez party was being weak
ened by local treasons. If we may trust the
accounts, the constitutional government was at
its last gai p,. ami tlie church and its govern
ment was about to take possession of the whole
country; ' . ,
"Will tie st.fevat-f a point out tlte difference between
tlietu lOouglas aud Josvplt) ou tiiat point ? Brf
Enter. Yes; D.mglas understands what he talks
about, aud JW'ili don't. That is the leading
difference."
, , - . . , - -
ue expccfc to iu.ia.i- our ii pr.tcilui
uelore tnese judges. ueluston.
If your "practice "is proportioned to joar
legal attainments aud skill, your " liviug " will
bv a dreadful ptntr one.
EjF The Aeu- says there is to be an oppo
sition steamer built upon the upper Willam
ette this season, by some gentleman whose
name we have forgotten.
The OREOtix War Debt. The Third Au
ditor of the Treasury his prepared a report on
the Oregon war debt, which will soon lie pub
lished. It will recommend a heavy deduction
on the aiiwiuut allowed by the commissioners
appoiutcd to audit it- A. O. Delta,
ry Toombs, of Georgia, was the Senator
who made the niotiou to restore Judge Douglas
. to the Chairmanship of the Committer on Ter
ritories. Tbe motion was strongly supported
by Senator Grcevi, of Missouri, but did not pre
vail. , ... -
Oregox Statesman. We are in receipt
as an exchange of the Oregon Statesman pub
lished by Asahel Bush Esa., who has filled his
present position for several years and who we
believe will hold ont a good editor and Demo
crat for another gem-ration. The Statesman
occupies the popular sovereignty ground and
has 1 tattled for it against Lane and Smith, who
have tamed their fierce wrath against Bash,
- thinking to see him melt aw ay before them, bnt
the result will more likely be that Lane and
Smith will lose their pefetitinns and influence
with the termination of the present aditrinistra
tion. We wish Mr. Bash success, ami can as
sure him that the Democracy of Iowa think
popular sovereignty no humbug, bmt could not
say as much of Delazon Smith. The " little
giant" is onr first choice for next President
and Jo. Iane is not the second choice. Inde
pendence ( Iowa) Civilian.-
The provisional government of Pike's Peak,
called Jefferson territory, went into power on
the 7th of November, aud tlie papers exulting
ly announce that Kansas is banished. Kob
ert W. Steele is governor, Henry Allen presi
dent of the Council, and J. A. Gray speaker
of the House. Elections were held at Auraria
and Denver citv tin the 8th. however, to take
part iu the choice of a delegate to Congress
from Kansas, but only a few votes were polled,
owing to the unpopularity of the movement.
Pike's Peak having already declared herself
independent of that territory.
The Islands. King Kamehnmeha had re
signed his throne tn his son. the Prince of Ha
waii. The abdication took place on the 3d of
October. " - t -t
tdf It uT undeniable that Mr. Breckinridcre
has a fair cliMce of receiving the Charleston
nomb ation. - The corresnotident of tbe Cincin-
IHttt Commercial, writing from Frankfort, Ky.,
rm Dec. 8th, ou the subject of tbe plots and
counterplots of the friends of Breckinridge and
Gntlrrie, aays :
HThilsi all this rrmfenf irm rnmmcnii, ash.
He attention, there is an under current not
voluntary working Douglas-ward. Many Ken-
lUCKlalls irgaiu -"-"Sj uciiaajTH
1 - 1 I T t I . . 1. t.-u-. g
Ml tlte L. IlllnJ sihi limi fcs3 gosapa " m imuw lOV
the Presidency, and the Kentucky delegation
atXharleston w ill rote for hit nomination aa
soon as they arc persnaded that their first
choice cannot succeed, but they will swallow
the Little Giant only as the last hope." - -
EafAn important auti-Mormon movement
has been made iu Carson Valley, western Utah.
The grand jury have presented the whole Mor
mon population as gnilty of trampling npon the
laws, committiug murders and the highest
crimes in defiance aud contempt of the govern
ment, as prostituting their own females and de
bauching helpless American women, and in
citing the Indians to deeds of robbery and
blood. They call for congressional interven
tion to remedy these notorious and long contin
ued abuses, and declare that it is itupoasible
for American citizens to lite in peace with the
Mormons. It is evident that this ugly and dif
ficult matter must very soon be dealt with in
some more decided and radical manner than
heretofore. -
The New York Times' Washington cor
respondent says :
" Southern Democrats declare their purpose
to give Douglas hearty support if he should re
ceive the nomination of the Charleston Conven
tion for the Presidency.
TVT A HRIED.
- Ia Clackaasu Co., en the ISfh Inst., hy Rev. Geo. H. Brown.
Mr. Walter L. ilolcoDtb and Miss Diana McCnbtrin- Mob
month (III.) papers please copy "
In milas, Folk Co., Jan. 22, by Bnj. Haydra, Co. Jadge,
Mr. P. M. Oodee and Miss Wealthy P.t. both sf Poik Co.
In Beafa-n Co., 16th hist-, at the residence of the bride's
father, by Wm. Barclay, J. P., Mr. Jason Owens, of Eufene
C:ty, and Miss Ann, dsohter of CoL James Kinney, of B o
tou count r.
Oa the 15th hut- in Lane coanty, hy J- M. La In. Esq.. Mr.
Isaac N. Eaily . aged 19 years, and Miss Sarah Catharine Mar
ray, aged 12 years sod S mouths.
In Donylas Coanty, on the lh January. 1S0, Mary, in
fant datnrfaier of H n. t. P. and Lucy A. Dcarfy. aeU two
weeks and one day.
N r Easene City, on the 9th inst-, Louisa Kmd!ne, infant
daughter of Wm. T. Waiker.
THE PaOOUCE M&SKETS.
BAtsnc, January SO, 1560.
Apples. Fan, IJf cts. per fb. Winter, Slot.
P.itatoes, SS to 40 cts. per tsshe .
Turnips, &
Onions, fi 00 -Cabbaev,
10 to 15 cts. per head- f
Chickens, ti 56 and $3 M per dos.n.
Turkeys, tliW -Cheese,
cts per lb.
Batter, from 25 to Sd cts. per lb.
EzS, S5 cts- per dux.
Bacon, Sides, 13 cts. Shoulders, 10 cts. Haass, 15 ess
Lard, U to 15 cts. per lb.
Oregon brie I Apples, 15 cts. per th.
White Besns, 3 per hna4.
- Btsek wheat Soar. $5 o per 10S Has. Cjiwetltew.
Ilm-s, 6 cts per lb. .
Wheat. 73 cts. per bosh.
Oata, 75 eta. per bush.
Hay, Timothy, (IS per to-i.
Powti-ass, Jan. 23, 1560.
Apples,5cts.
F onr, per barrel, (I H 5
' Wheat, srhite, SO cts.r red, SS cts per beahel.
Oats. SO per hoalK-1-
Potatoes, 6S cts. per ba. Onions, f 1 50.
Bwon. sides it shoal lers 19 jams 17. Lard. IS cts.
Batter, a 85 cts. KoD in kegs. S5. Cheese, 1 a 29.
Chickens. $-1 5 per dos. Ers, SO cts.
OwBoaar Crrr, Jan. 21, 1SS8
Whewt. SO a 91 SO. Flowr. 5 a S eta. ,A
P-tatoes. SO cts. per bo- Oats, 75 cts. per ba.
Batter, SO cts. Bacon. 12 a IS eta. Exjss, 33 -ta. per dos.
. Ai- XT, Jan. 24, 1S60-
Wbeat, white. 75c.; red, 65r- Fbrar, fS per bbl. Oata, 75c.
Apples, 2'sf a Potatoes. ST.vfc Onions. f2 00.
Better, in fcees. c Chickens, 4 a t2 50. Egs, 9c
B ico n. siiles. 12afc hams, lc; abowMers. lSc
Pork, H a c. per B; Urd, li)fc- Beef, est foot, 4 a Xc-
E rente Crrr, Jan. 21, 1S60-
Wheat, 75c a ft 00: Oats. 73c: Potatoes. 50c
Onions, per ba. $2 00. Beans. SS SO- Aprdes, $2 OS,
Chickens, per dnz-, S3 50 a SS OS. Sja, iSj.
Pork, freso, 4 a S cts. Butter, 25 eta,
Jacmosth-ls. Jan. 21, 1359.
Wheat, per bu. $2 50 s 3 60. Oats, SI 50 a S2 00.
Floor, in sacks, per fb. SV a 7c. Corn meal. S a 7c
Bacon, sides. SOc. hams, SOe. shoaklen, 22 a 25c
Beef, S a 7c ; Pork, 10c ; Matton. 12c
Lard. leaf, in tin. SiV. C?iee?e. S3 a 40c.
Batter, fresh dairy. 62 a 73e. Batter. oM. In kees. 40 a SOc
Chickens, per dot. 5 0V a SS v. Etcs, fresh. S23 a 73c
Pi tatoes, per 111-. 4 a 5c Onions. S a 7c Tararps, 4c
Green Apples, IS s 25c Beans, IS a 14c
SPECIAL NCyXXCTBS.
tapy- Eyeeial aaeftins mt the Jstockhoklers of the Willamette
Wooies Maanfactnring Company on TUESDAY, Febraary 7.
1SS0, at 1 o'clock, p. M. Important hosiBess to be transact
ed. By order of the President.
47sr2 J- G- WILSON, Sec'y-
Bfrewiar.
1ft have a small fount of brevier type, atmomt mete, which
we will sen cheap. 46tf STATESMAN.
To aTiisrjBWSS SCsnk The regntsr edition of Taw Oaav
Cfnt 5TSTS5WA3I is over 2.200 copies; near ft twice that of tne
next highest in this State, and three, fonr and fire limes the
circulation of other Oregon papers. Its readers wasnber a
stiH iarcer proportion. Our ailvertisinr rates are low, snd
ns advertiserne I is eonfmued longer than ordered. 4Srf
AfRTit sit Porlantt. Mr. Wm. McMillen awtnoeiaed
o act as aeent for tne StATcsa&x, and to receive as3 receipa
for SBbscriptions and adteniSLBicnts for tbe same. SS
Ths Msdleal aad SargicaJ Inatitata
Of Pr. L. j. CZAPKAT, is already secured in a position
which places it, as weU as its proprtttor, far above the as
saults of envy aad professional maKee. In tbe schools of
France, the highest prizes are often aaaioed to practitioners
in this department of Medical science, and they occupy witb
ot .ers, an equally lofty position in the profession. Ricord
is an illustrious example, s shining light mon the phttas.-ph-ical
stars of his ae in E-trope, and Dr. Caapkay has fatly
equalled him m this eowntry, as a proof of wh'ch. the Phila
delphia CoUeee of Medicine caeophSeented him wslb a B-iplo-saa.
and the how eeaiy svf ewsdVaa degree. Selectmg this as
bis fieM of operation, altboogh qoaliCed as a graduate of the
VaiversiTy of Pcsth, and late Chief Surgeon of the Hunga
rian Revolutionary army, for more axfended labors. Dr. L.
J. Caapkay has bent bis earnest attention to the enre of
chronic and private diseases, ia which be has become so great
an expert that be is now regarded as the uuswjt in this
branch of his profession throughout the United States, and
his portrait and biography are published as matter of inter
est to their readers in the most exclusive joarnats. The Doc
tor offices are at his Medical and Surgical Institute, ot Sac
ramento street, cot net of Letdesdorff, nearly opposite tae
baihlraes of tbe Pacific Mail Steamship Company.
JJ" We ask particular attention of oar readers to the
worn certificates of remarkable cares, in another column of
this paper. - - 4om3
" tt Dr. Wwa. Hair's Bialaaia. tor tn Lwanrw.
For the core of Cowomprion, Decline. Asthma. Bronchitis.
W'asshnr of the Flesh. Night Sweats, Sp"rtine of Blood. Diffi
culty in Breathing, Whooping Coagh, Colds, Cooghs, InSuen
xa. Pain in the Side, and all D-seases of the Lwngs.
10jMX IS OFFERED FOR A BETTER RECEIPT.
contains nr Opium. Calomel, or Mineral Poison, and is
sc srr Um most delicate child.
Tssfimtmy of m kigkjy repeetabt Dnfrgui.
Cnswocros. Ohio, July SSs la
Mssssav Os R. Baaaa a Co. Gents: Tour metUciws, Dr.
IlaH's Bslsam, is doing wood ers here, and I might get many
certificates of important cures, but I thins It not necessary ;
th Balsam will stand span its own merits. It has given more
aatisfactioa in Lone compiaiats than any other medicine that
has ever been sold. Out of all the large number of bottles
that I have sold, there has I eea about one bottle returned,
altnough I have always sold a with the privilege of returning
tt if entire satisfaction wss not given (according ta your in
structions). I have knows it to core, in twenty-fbar hours,
some of the most severe attacks of Lung diseases. Ia some
cases, the patients experienced an almost alarming smother
ing or suffocating sensation about the Langs; but almost in
stantaneous relief waa given by the use of your Balsam. The
sale of the Balsam with me, as you are aware, has been quite
extensive, so much so, that I have sold but little of any other
kind, although I have a supiy of almost all the popular aaed
ictnes used for Long diseases.
Respectfully jours, O- R. COXWELL.
Dr. Wss. Ban's Balsam for the Iamgs is sold by all ths
principal Druggists.
W. K. SMITH a CO., Agents, Salem, Ogn.
PARK WHITE.
Wholesale Agents, Saa rnncisco.
ry Diu'i SASsaraanxs, Yd-low Docs, a vd Ioema or
Potass, is prepared from the finest Red Jamaica Sarsapmriua
and English Iodide of Potass. Admirable aa a restorative
and purifier of the blood, it cleanses tbe system of all morbid
and impure matter, removes pimples, boils, and eruptlona
fvom the skin ; cures rheamatiam and pains of aU kinds. AU
whs can afford should use it, as it tends to give strength and
pr alone Ufa. Sold by Druggists gedeVally-, at (.1 per beRte.
.. . a- HALL A CO., Proprietors,
Wlwiesalt Druggists, 143 and 143 Ci ty St-
Baa traarisga,