OREGON STATESMAN
TUESDAY, JUNES, 1851; -
The editor of The Statest-n US
gone to Pnget'a Sound, with the Euperia
tendent of Indian Affaire, and will be absent
for several weeks.
We publish to-day a letter from the
Comptroller of tbe Treasury, which furnishes
important information of special Interest
at thts!me to the people or Oregon.
!A" few months since the editor of thU pa
per, at the solicitation oT several members of
the last legislative Assembly, wrote to the
Comptroller to know whether the "pen
f ihw Constitutional Convention ealUd by
the poopl. of Oregon, prior to any action of SwSIS
rli9tBMum'( mX Ar- ! W.I
tkant Beat, SaI. o
rw Tit u-rar is roar tettet cf L-J
Febaary last, rating that the pccple of
Orr-oa are abocl to take btmm to as
semble a Coarention, for the purpose Of
adopting a constitution, upon which to ap
ply for admission Into the union as a State,
Md asking whether the printing of the da
bates and other proceedings of sach coavea
tion will be paid for by the general govern
ment, I hare to inform yon that search has
been made through the. laws of Congress,
and no instance can be found where nay each
expenses, er say a-Wr ararast annrtted witA
r grvwing mU mol Cswarafwas, bare
been assumed by tha General GeierusaenK
Aad to be tha better aaeared anon tha sub
ject, referenee baa been mad to the appro
Driation tedsert krot la this oOee. wberiU
fart
f fiats, 2isy 14, 1851.
Ca. Eartuaj Sbr t To a reCaCve mind
ho running It M to contemplate k procU
codas ttrdieoc, la all their gushing Joy and
exnberxat delit, at any of our popular
little - theatres" nod "Rows" what a
stndy for the aeturaKst. These exhibitions
we look npon as essential to the happiness
of all that portion of onr population who
bare a taste for the histrionic art, and can
raise a dollar to "go in." Of course like
the German boy In the fable, there are . in
stances when after the performance la con
eluded, some discontented wretch may ex
press wish to " as verbis dollar back," bat it
is perhaps needless to say it don't return.
happily there are few each persons among
as. bv far tha meter number beta com Do
sed of people of more .-enlightened under
standing, who are willing to appreciate
Cmaress providing for the holding of sach
convention, wonld be paid by the United
State. ; '
It appears from the reply of Mr. Whittle
mt. that the" expenses of such conTentions
heretofore held in Territories, hare never
bee assumed by the general government.
If this be true, then no precedent can be
cited to sustain the people of Oregon In ask
ing the United States to pay the expenses of
the conVention which will meet at this place
Aural, and for eacat wa see,
favorably any kind of a " show that don't
are entered ail the dril aporopriatkxM made I c&arre mora than a dollar for a front seat
for sack object has We maintain that the
been discovered.
Yours, respectfully,'
ELISUA wnrrTLKSET,
Coaaptr!ert
Akmrbt Ckkkx, : i 1
S.'oT.J
of
be paid
in
hrzhly probable that all tha
our constitutional convention will
by this Territory.. .
Bnt admitting this position to be correct,
we cannot see that it should influence our
action at this thne.
Our chances of obtaining an appropriation
to pay these expenses, are as favorable now
as they will be at any future time, aad we
before the coming congress will be as kindly
disposed toward Oregon, as any future con
gress is likely to be. The members of the
coarention which meets this summer, are as
likely to be paid by the United States, as are
those of a similar convention held lire years
hence.1'
: Oregon, at this time, has a larger number
of . legal voters in proportion to her popula
tion, than any congressional district la the
com try, California excepted. Indeed this
Territory east a larger vote, two years ago,
than is given in many of the congressional
districts of the old States.
- "Vermont hasxhree representatives ia con
gress with vote not exceeding 85,000, or
an average of less than twelve thousand in
eacli "congressional, district. :
Delaware, with her 14,000 votes, has one
member of congress, and Florida with
10,000 rotes, has the same representation
white Arkansas, with less than 15,000, has
two members of the House.
Oregon, at the election two years since,
. cast more rotes than Florida, at her con
gressional ' election of the same' year, and
Arkansas that year, elected ivo members of
congress, although the election returns show
her vote to be only about 4000 larger than
that of Oregon.
The rote of Alabama never exceeds 80,
000, while she has seven members of the 1
House.
Louisiana, usually casts less than 50,000
votes and has four members. Bnt it is un
necessary to cite other States. If Florida,
with no more legal voters than Oregon has
had her Senators and Bepresentativein con
gress for the last twelve years, we know no
reason why our people should not at this late
hour be allowed the same rights and privi
leges. If 14,000 voters in Arkansas, are
represented by two members of congress
ought not 10,000 voters ia Oregon to see to
it that they have one member to guard their
interests?
And while the vote of Oregon Is quite as
large as that of many congressional districts
in the old States, the resources and wealth
of this Territory in proportion to its pops
latioa are far greater than in Florida, Ar
kansas, or Delaware.
We believe the time is not far distant
when Oregon, in spite of every obstacle will
gain admittance into the American Union.
To-day (Monday) our annual election is
held. We predict that the Convention
will receive an almost unanimous vote
that a large majority of the delegates elec
ted to frame a State constitution, as also a
" large majority of the members of the Legis-
Iative Assembly will be democrats who en
dorse the action of the late Territorial Con
. veatioa.
- Lawson. the democrat who received and
accepted an office under Franklin Pierce
will receive the entire Black Republican
vote while the Marion of the Mexican war
the faithfal servant of the people for the
last six years will receive the entire demo
ocratic vote, as also the support of the old
line ' sensible whigs.
Gen. Lane's majority will not be less than
4000.
. Clacsmus Cocvty, May 18,
Eft Srstcstu Dear &rj As some re
marks made by Gen.- Lovejoy . m oar last
county convention has led to emvulry respect
ing my former political course, I wish to say
through your paper that my political predi
lections are aad ever bar been with the de
mocracy. It will be perceived, however,
that I am not a very rank politietaa when I
say that I have attended but one precinct
meeting in the Territory, during a rasidence
of nine years, which was two years ago,
when Jodge Pratt and Gen. Lane were in
the field for the nomination of Delegate to
Congress. The said precinct meeting was to
elect delegates to meet ia convention to
nominate a county ticket, and also to elect
delegates to the Territorial Convention. ; I
arrived at the court-house of my county,
where the convention was holding, a few
minutes before the votes were given. Mr.
Guthrie proposed to offer some resolutions ;
objections to this were made the vote call
ed for, aad the tickets were produced, which
seemed to have been written ont before com
ing into convention. There were two tick
ets, with six names on each. Prefering to
throw ay vote for Lane delegates, I saw on
one of those tickets a name which I knew
to be in favor of Gen. I aim for Congress,
and presuming that the other names were
alike for the General, I voted that ticket.
The vote was east, and the " hat turned" in
what I called double-quick time. After the
hat was turned, Mark Hattea (who was on
hand before the meeting, but had delayed a
few minutes on some errand after the others
had gone to the court-house) came running
in with his ticket, but he was too late. The
vote was soon declared in favor of the Pratt
delegates, when Gen. Lovejoy toarished his
cane and sung out, " Democracy is trium
phant," from whieh one might infer that
they had some opponent other than the dem
ocratic party to contend with. I began to
get my eyes open by this time, aad to see
what the great harry was, aad why the bal
lots were all prepared before hand for a pre
ejnet meeting. Directly they left the house ;
three other voters came, aad inquired after
the meeting. I told them that it was all
over. They were surprised, and expressed
some doubts about it being past the hour at
which the meeting; waa appointed. Tha af
fect on me waa that I did not go to the
Sills to vote the county ticket. 1 1 voted for
en. Lane, aad left the Oregon City pre-
eiarVe ' triumphant democracy " to take
care of their own. Not that I objected to
the nominees. To the most of them 1 could
bars givea my hearty support ; aad had I
feared for their election, should have done
so. Gen. Lovejoy was the one I most want
ed to Uke the bait. He swallowed it. The
result has laia hard upon his stomach, until
oar last county convention, when be belched
it up by proclaiming that I did not act with
the democracy. I frankly acknowledge the
corn that ia '55 I bolted the Oregon City
precinct's " triumphant democracy.'' I had
a talk with the Gen. after the Convention,
aad ha seamed to be easier, and we called it
inSaenca ef these
itinerant exhibitions Jut twnien and. gain tar y
they teach the human mind to be pleased
at trifles ; to sfprsclats acutely tha stalest
wit, and to comprehend readily tM broad
est, coarsest joke. ' '""-
To very young persons, and others of
small experience, a premature knowledge of
maav thins Is acauired wnicn tnev Wonld
Jiot otherwise imbibe for years alas t per
haps aerer.
. With what satisfaction have we gased
apoa a mixed assemblage, daring some in
tensely fanny play, and observed the vari
ous emotions of exquisite happiness portray
ed ia their open countenance ; to hear them
laagh such joyous peals ; to bear them sbont
" hooray," " good lick" " angkor" with many
other signs evincing hnge delight. All this
and more we hare witnessed with quiet sat
isfaction almost inexpressible. Often have
a a -a a a a .
we neara tne duck seais crnsn ; me, sop
pressed bowl of pain when weighty persons
were let dowa suddenly to a lev&l with to
bacco juice, to see them arise looking serious
swearing playfully a moment afterwards
as if nothing had occurred to disturb their
equanimity, but what was set down in the
hills how beautifully illustrative of the
recuperative nenries of mankind.
With teal anguish we have learned of the
defeat, and consequent failare of our friend
I'aul, the French artiste. Paul was indefati
gable, so also, was Paul's " parient" bnt it
was of no use, to use a figurative expression
he succumbed to the taJ-tide pressure in
vain be played his fiddle in the Church for
charitable objects in vain he essayed to
teach " Pike" and others the art Terpsicho-
rean; it wouldn t do. Tne sovereigns could
not be induced to go und see his " show"
which consisted of first and second fiddle by
Paul and " parient." Pan! is gone now,
like a tale that is told we believe he went
away on the boat with his violin on his arm
and maledictions on bis lips.
Uur aureus hare a respite, tbere is no
" theatre" here now. we are left as it were
to our reflections, that is, reflections on each
other. We learn boa ever, that " old Eph"
alias " Dan" is about to be resuscitated bu
them " nigger shows" hare been over done,
slightly, as also we might say of the legiti
mate drama, w e netd repose tbej hare
been, to mm a surgical expression, too
hefty" and we hope they wou't crowd us.
Ia conclusion we wonld reiterate our con
victions that itinerant mountebanks are ben
eficial to society they spend their money
rreely never- carrying any away if they
get druak its their owe business. Their ex
ample to the rising generation i unquestion
able, what more can we say ? .
. UaanOa (rm.
I do not go the Standard doctrine of bolt
ing, bat I hold that when, advantages are
sowrht to keep a man's rots out of the nom
inating eoaventioa, be may stay at home, if
he b'kaa, oa election day, and still be a dem
ocrat.
The General it now a candidate for the
eoastitatioaal convention, and I intend to
rots for him, for he was one of the " Immor
tal seveoteen," and the wisdom of his coun
cil will certainly be needed in that conven
tioa. CHARLES WALKER,
S9 We have received several communi
cations from Jackson county, too late for in
sertion this week.
We trast all the nominees of our party in
that county will stand upon the platform
'adopted at the late Democratic Territorial
Convention. Men who do not endorse the
entire proceedings of that Convention, are
not entitled to the votes of good democrats.
leV. We leant that a party will leave
Howell Prairie, on the 5th inst., to go on an
extended hunting excursion into the Cascade
mountains. All who wish to join the party
are requested to meet at the bouse of Mr.
John Kays, on Friday next. , -
Alexander S. Abernetby, of Cowlitx
county, has been nominated by the Black
- Republicans of Washington, as a candidate
for delegate to congress, to be supported in
opposition to Gov. Stevens. '.
'. 8F" Hon. W. M. Walker, of Polk county,
has laid npon onr table some fine large
apples of the Gloria Mandi variety which
appear to have retained their flavor undimin
ished. No country prodaoca finer apples
t'uan Oregon. '
llamt
Mb. Bona Aa considerable attention Is
being givea to the culture of the currant in
oar Territory, I offer you some rales to be
observed ia making a proper use of them.
Take the currants, when ripe, and cleaaae
them by putting them into a tub full of
water; stir them well with tha hand, bat
not so as to injure the berry; turn off the
water, so as to carry away all leaves, blos
soms, Ac, that may nave been with the car
rants : then take them out of the vessel with
something that will separate them from the
water. When you have a quantity cleaned,
pat them in a barrel, and mash them wfth a
pMtia On the absence of rollers) then strain
them through a cullender or wheat screen.
weicb the jaice, aad add aa many pounds of
crashed sugar, and the same number wf
pounds 6f clear, soft water, (China suber
will do, if first dissolved in water and skim
med off,) into an open barrel, and stir it
well, so that the sugar may dissolve. About
the second day the pulp will raise to the tor.
and should be skimmed off, which, by ad
ding a little more sugar, makes an excellent
sauce. The dregs, Ac, will settla to the
bottofj. Pour the wine off carefully, and
pat it into clean, tight kegs, and set them
into a cool place to foment, leaving out the
bong. Enough wine should be reserved to
keep your keg full to the brim, until it has
thrown off the froth. . After this you may
fasten op your vessel tight, pat it in your
cellar, and it ia fit for use, the older the bet
ter. , J. F.
Marion County, May 87, 1857. .
Robbery. The store of J. D. Boon, Esq
in North Salem, was broken Into on Satur
day night last, and a quantity of clothing,
and about $30 in money stolen. From the
appearances, there were three persons enga
ged. Tbey pulled down nearly all the cloth
ing in the store. No cine has as yet been
obtained of there where boats.
O" The Lane county Agricultural Soci
ety will hold its annual meeting on the
6th inst., at Engene City.
' ry Dr. Belt has arrived from San Fran
cisco with a fine assortment of drugs. See
advertisement.- " '
y It is stated that, so soon as gram is sufid-
andy adtaaeed to sustain hones, 1000 troops will
ask taa fields aaaiaas the Wavaja Iadiaas of Wow
afasieo, aad chastise them lor antnferinc Henry
L. Dodge, U- 8.'afeat, aad son of s-8eaator
Dodge, of Wisooosta.
Since our last issue we have received four
days later dates from California.
The Alta of the 20th nit., reports the ex
citement throughout the 8tate consequent
apoa the reception of the news from Sonora,
had been intense, and a very general feeling
of revenge seems to actuate the minds of the
masses. The press of the State have almost
unanimously condemned the course pursued
by the Mexicans in invading American ter
ritory, aad hurrying to an untimely end ig
nominious death citizens of our own coun
try, who had never set foot on their soil, or
violated, in the slightest degree the Isw of
nationa.
It is the universally received opinion here,
that our government should demand imme
diate reparation for this outrageous and in
excusable act.
The intelligence of the desperate condi
tion ia which the army of Walker are re
ported to be in, and the breaking np of
Lock ridge's expedition, have added to the
Sneral excitement, and produced a pro
ind sensation, inasmuch as the General and
most of his adherents have been long identi-
nea wits tne interests or California.
Still another indictment has been found
against Dr. Bates, the defaultins; Bute
Treasurer, now under arrest in Sacramento
It is alleged that he has embeielled $41,000
of the State monies, which is over and above
the missing 9184,000. In default of bail
ia the sum of $50,000, be was ordered into
custody. He is said to be very ill so much
so as to be anable to leave his bed. An oflv
eer constantly guards his room.
The trial of Ned McGowan takes place
at Napa., on the Sid inst. The prevailing
impression is tnat ne wm, this time, get
clear or the gallows.
August and Charles Loftier, whose rays
terioaa disappearance from their usual place
of business iad created considerable excite
ment some weeks since, have turned no in
Portland Oregon, all safe.
- Frequent showers throughout the State
have been of immense benefit to the grow
ing crops, ana aiinougD tne yield tbis year
will be far below the average, still they are
by no means rained, . as was feared they
would be a few weeks ago. Fruits and veg
etables have suffered little from the drouarht.
Onr markets arc supplied With an abundance
or strawberries, raspbernea, and cherries, all
ot wnicn may now be. obtained at reasona
ble prices. ''':
By the arrival of the Archer from Hong
K.ong we nave received eleven days later in
telligence from China than that brought by
tne K.ate tiooper. xne uruisn war vessels
had made several successful cruises after the
piratical janks that infest the Chinese wa
ters. ADusiei on ooara iwoiie snips are
becoming more and more frequent, nud sev
eral or a terrible character are reported.
t7Tho Maryinlle Inqairer, of May 11th,
ia allading to the absconding telegraph operators
from Stockton, resoancK
If oar memory serres as, Johnson paid Ifarys
ville a visit some months since, for the purpose, as
he claimed, of stretching a telegraph wire to Oro
Tille. He spent two or thee weeks here, bat how
much his efforts contributed to the enterprise re-
terrea so w udw. umiiuw aim stay nere,
he appeared to be in great mental distress, and on
one occasion, it was thought, he attempted to take
his own hi. He was found in his room at the St.
Charles Hotel eorerad with Mood, aad very weak,
aad apoa examiaatsoa aa incision, mada with a
common penknife, was found in his arm. . In a
conversation, be stated bat ho felt that a little
bleeding would do him good, aad that he took it
open auaself t perfoini the operation. He finally
recovered and left for Baa Ftaaeiaeo, since which
time wa hare not heard from him aatiLwesaw the
above acepont. Johnson, we believe, has a wife
and one or two children, and has up to this event
borne aa anMeadahed reputation.
Pursssat to notice by the eentral com
TZ a Csmocratie county convention was
held at Jacksonville on Saturday, Hay
1837. ,
Oa motion, Thomas Pyle was called to
taa chair, and H. H. Brown and D. linn
appointed secretaries.
On motion of Mr. Kilgore, a committee
of one from each precinct present, was ap-
oointed bv tbacbair. to drait rnies lor tne
government of the convention," consisting
of Messrs. Kilgore, Brown, Miller, Hoxie,
Neweomb and Ambrose, who soonmiea tne
following for adoption.-'
Rate 1st. It shall be the duty of this
convention to ascertain who are entitled to
seats."' r..
Rale Sd. No voting by proxy shall be
allowed.
Hale 3d. All voting for. the candidates,
shall be done " viva voce.". , .
Rule 4th. All names of candidates for
nomination thai! be presented, with the
oOee for which they are candidates, to the
chair. .-
Rule 5th. All candidates for nomination,
shall be required either personally or by
reliable democratic friends to 'endorse the
platform of onr late Territorial Convention,
and also abide the special instructions from
tbU convention. . .. , ..
Rule 6th. It shall be the duty of this
Convention to elect a. county central com
mittee.'-- -.. - .,
Rale 7th. .The parliamentary usasres of
our Legislature as far as applicable shall
be applied to ibis convention.
Un motion, the convention proceeded to
adopt each rule separately, with-the excep
tion ot Knle Sd, wnicn was stricken out.
Oa motion, the convention ahamimonsly
adopted the platform of the Territorial con
vention.
On motion, the Jackson county conven
tion gave to Josephine county the selection
of joint Representative.
Un motion, the convention proceeded to
vote viva voce for the nominations of candi
dates.
The chair announced the result of the
vote as follows : '
For delegates to the conVention Messrs.
D. Newcomb, J. L. C. Duncan, P. P. Prim
and J. U. Reed.
For Council no majority.
For Representative. Messrs. H. H.
Brown and W. Hughes.
For County Commissioner Dr. U. Js.
Davidson.
Probate Judge Dr. A. B. Orerbeck.
. Treasurer D.Linn.
Auditor Wm. Hoffman.
Assessor no majority.
Coroner Thomas Arundel.
On motion, the convention proceeded to
a second ballot for councilman and assessor.
On motion of Dr. Ambrose, his name was
withdrawn from the canvass. On motion,
A. M. Berry was nominated by acclamation
as the democratic candidate for the council.
The chair announced the result of the
second ballot to be in favor of C. Riley for
assessor.
On motion, the following resolutions were
adopted :
Resolved, That we tender to Gen. Jo
seph Lane and to the Hon Delazon Smith
an invitation to address the people of Jack
son eonnty, previous to the J one election.
Resolved, That this convention is in favor
of a Constitution prohibiting the immigra
tion or frrt neirroes or mnlattoes to tbis
Territory, - - .
Resolved, Thst we tender the hand of
fellowship to all "Old Line Whigs" who en
dot te the Platform and proceedings of tbis
Con rent lor.
On motion the Convention proceeded to
elect a County Central Committee for the
ensuing year.
The following gentlemen were elected by
acclamation : Messrs. P. Dunn, J. N. T.
Milter, Thoe. Pyle, Jas. Kilgore and T. Bell.
On1 motion of Dr. Ambrose, Jas. Kilgore
of the Central Committee, was required
to pledge his support to the nominees of
the Convention, which was refused.
On motion of Dr. Ambrose after a pro
tracted and warm discussion, the name of
Jas. Kilgore was erased and that of Wm.
Hughes substituted.
On motion, it was resolved, That the Sec
retaries of this Convention be instructed to
tender a copy of proceedings for publication
to the Statesman and oentiuel, and on motion,
the Convention adjourned tine die.
- TIIOS. PYLE, Ch'n.
H. H. Brows, 1 ....
V V r
X. JUIHB,
we I
We copy the following items from the
TaUaRock Sentinel : -
H. Noble, who was in jail on a charge of
burglary, for breaking into Minns Walker's
house oa the night of the STth of April, on
Tuesday last broke jail, and when but heard
of was riding in the direction of Treks, car
rying a rile no doubt the one taken from
Walkers house.
Our citizens have been on the search of
the murderers of old man Lane, bnt thns far
have not been able to learn anything that
will fasten the guilt on any person.
, On Monday next Tubbs, who attempted
to rob and murder Wasmnth will be tried.
Sheriff Pvle and bis deputies are on the
alert scouring the country in search of the
many desperadoes who infest this region.
Thus far they have not been able to grab
any of the leaders, but occasionally they
tracer oV.some who are strongly suspected
as eapptjs' or those villains who only
appear in the dark.
Oa Thursday last Justice Hoffman com
mitted Eli J add, oa a charge of perjury
committed oa the examination of Nobje.
J odd was committed lor want or Dan.
Mr. Arundel was called npon, the 5th
inst to bold aa inquest upon the body of
one of our most respectable citizens, Nathan
B. Lane, who was round murdered in nis
house, with his bands bound behind him.
The following is the verdict of the Coro
ner's Jury called in the case :
We find that the deceased, N. B. Lane,
came to bis death on or about the tnd Or Sd
day of May, 1851, from a blow inflicted oa
the head with an axe by some unknown per
sons. J. B. 8IFERS, Foreman.
The coroner, sheriff, and deputies, have
used their utmost endeavors to discover the
assassin, but as yet have not been able to
fasten suspicion on any one.
J
CestHtr
J Dam.es, May 16, 185T.
Pursuant to notice the delegated county
convention for Wasco county, met at the
office of R. R. Thompson, Saturday, May
18. The meeting was organised by calling
James McCaulif to the chair, and choosing
J. P. Booth, secretary.
On ballot, the following persons were
nominated, subject to the coming election.
For joint councilman, Orlando Humeson;
delegate to constitational convention, C. R.
Meggs ; representative, J, a. uates ;
sheriff. A. 8humway ; county commissioner,
John Crooks ; assessor, L. P. Linsay ; cor
oner, James McCaulir.
On motion, a central committe was ap
pointed as follows; C. R. Meggs, R. R.
Thompson, John Crooks.
N. H. Gates presented the following reso
lutions which were unanimously adopted :
Whereas a difference has arisen between
persons elaintiug to be . democrats in this
Territory, in relation to party usages, cal
culated to destroy the harmony, and to de
feat the objects for which the party has been
so long and so honorably united to accom
plish, therefore be it
Resolved, by the democrats of Wasco
county,' That we recognise the true demo
cratic principles and usages as laid down by
our last Territorial Convention held at Sa
lem, on the thirteenth day of April last, and
that we will use all honorable means to se
cure the the triumph of said principles.
Resolved further. That in the acceptance
of said platform by the nominee of said
Territorial Convention, he is entitled to
the undivided support of the, whole demo
cratic party.
On motion, the secretary was instructed
to send a copy of the proceedings of this
meeting to the'Statesman and Times.
JAMES McCAULIF, Ch'n.
J. P. Booth, Sec'y.
Thb New Tariff. The following are the
principal features of the amended Tariff bill pass-
oy ine l nirty-r oortn uon
J. A large extension 01
mereon many arti
ed in this countrr.
2. A redaction of the present rates of doty or
Iron, Cottrn and Woolen fabrics, Hemp, Sugar,
Wool, to twenty-five per cent. -.
3. Wool costing less than twenty cents per
pound will henceforth be free.
4. Distilled Spirits, Liquors, Ac, hitherto
charged one hundred per cent., are reduced to
seventy-fire per cent
5. Wines, Cut Glass, Meats, Baisina, Snuff, Ci
gars, and all forms of manufactured Tobacco, all
manufactures of Rosewood, Mahogany, ice.,
8weetawai.Pnmes,.&c., reduced from forty per
cent, to thirty. - -
6. A feaaral reduction of twenty per cent, on
all articles not carried to the Free List or reduced
either to four or eight per cent. -
wtearagaa Sews.
On the 25th of March the expedition,
commanded by Col. Lockridge, consisting of
400 and odd men. arrived at the Machuca
rapids in the Steamers J. N. Scott and
Rescue. Here the men were , landed and
marched round the rapids, whilst next day
the Rescue ' was forced over them, and the
Scott anchored below as a reserve. By the
28th they had advanced within three miles
of Castillo rapids, and spent the night on
the banks of the river, opposite an island
and in view of the fort. On Sunday, 29th,
a further advance of a mile and a half was
made, and early on Monday mofning,
the whole force was again in march, the
Texan Company, which was under the
command of Colonel Lockridge, in ad
vance, the intention being'to occupy a po
sition called Nelson Hill, and to attack the
Tort at Castillo. About two o clock in the
afternoon they had advanced to within pis
tol shot of the Costa Rican outposts where
they could distinctly see the men cutting
down the trees for the purpose of erecting
barricades, and clearing away the under
wood. The enemy did not appear to be aware
of their presence, the men laughing and
shouting as they worked, and the sentries
not manifesting any particular vigilance at
their posts. About an hoar before sundown
a conncil of war was held, consisting of Col.
Lockridge, Gen. .Wheat,, Col. Anderson,
Maj. Capers, Maj. Monday, Captain Walker
and others, at which it was discussed wheth
er the fort should be attacked. This coun
cil lasted for some time, but our informant
was not able to furuish the particulars, far
ther than the fact that many of the mem
bers insisted on Col. Lockridge giving the
first vote ; whether this was done or not,
he could not state, but shortly afterwards
he was dispatched with others to Col. Doub
leday, who commanded the rear guard to
take up the line of march aad retreat to
the camp.
On the morning of the 31st, the main
body of the army started back, and at the
Machuca rapias, Lockridge made an appeal
to t-e men, asking for volunteers to join
him in an attempt to force his way by land
to Walker, or to make a diversioo in his
favor by ascending the Seripique, and car
rying the war into Costa Rica. About one
hundred men responded to this call, and
they embarked on board the Scott, (together
with the sick and wounded, and one lady,)
intending to land at Seripique Point, and
then send on the Scott to Greytown.
On the 2d of April, about nine o'clock in
the morning, when about two miles above
Serapique, and whilst the ScUl was bead
ing up the stream on a small island, just as
her bow touched the shore, and before more
than a few men had jumped on shore, the
steamers boiler burst, with a terrific ex
plosion, shattering the boat to pieces, and
blowing many of the men for a considerable
distance into the water. The following is a
list or the killed : .
Maj. W. Morris, Captains Slate and Con-
klin, Lieut. V loger, N. Jf. Beidleman. J.
Burrington, C. York, J. L,Fewel, Joe Mar-
lSTjr
There It no country In the world where it
hi B0 ClScult to be a great man as in . the
United States, and perhaps no country
where it is so easy to be a successful second
or third rate man. In the old Monarchies
of EuroDe. individuals are giants because the
people are little the man looms up la gi
gantic grandeur because men sink down into
vnlgar Insignificance, i ne iaci u, mere rs
bnt little difference in men's natural capabil
itiesabout the same in their mental pow
ers as we witness in- their physical forces;
and as' we occasionally see a Lambert or a
Kentucky giant, so we sometimes find men
tal giants like Webster and others. And
where the field of exertion is so boundless,
and the chances for snccess so equal, it is ex
ceedingly diScnlt for one man to get far in
advance of a multitude of men all striving
for the same stisetion. True, some few
only can ever reach the Presidency the
highest oatwsrd signal of success but this
fact, or accident, perhaps, doos not deter
mine the actual character or even position
of the man. Clay is recognized to be just
as great a man as he would have been had
he reached the Presidency, and Tan Buren
in no degree whatever any greater for hav
ing been President.
But while it is thus difficult to be a great
man with as, and the chances actually grow
ing less every year, for a greater number of
men are continually entering the lists for
the highest prises, it is wonderfully easy to
be a successful politician on a small scale.
A man only needs to be a Democrat to con
nect himself with the great popular party of
the nation, to be able to read and write, to
nave some coolness, considerable cunning
and unbounded confidence in himself, to be
a perfectly successful politician. He may
be utterly ignorant of polities as a science,
of history even that of his own country
be entirely ignorant of the principles of bis
own party and yet get into Congress as well
as the State Legislature. There are, at
this moment, men in the Senate of the Uni
ted States who would be incompetent to edit
a village newspaper, who, - beyond their
names, know nothing whatever of the histo
ry of political parties, and though " dis
tinguished'' for their staunch Democracy and
party orthodoxy, are as absolutely ignorant
of its principles as a digger Indian of Kant's
philosophy.
The process through which this success is
accomplished is perfectly plain and easy, and
what is still more remarkable, it is the same
all over, North, South, East and West.
They commence their " political career," by
strict attendance on the town and county
conventions where they are always on the
committee of credentials, usually the most
important to tne professed " politician," as
it enables him to exclude obnoxious persons
and admit those of his own stripe. Then
be becomes a prominent member of the
county central committee, and very often
nets as chairman of the county convention,
and if he can make " speeches" that is,
string together a certain number of stereo
typed phrases about the " bloody Whigs
and black hearted federalist?," as old Dr.
Sturgeon always called them, his road is
open to the highest distinction he covets,
that is, to the State Legislature. Here he
is certain never to make a speech except on
paper, and which, of coarse is " fixed up"
by some newspaper reporter or good naturcd
editor who is merely looking on at the capi
tal, but with wonderfully sharp eyes for any
little stray job of the public printing that
may " turn up." The next step of oar pol
itician, after he gets the title of Hon., and
which he honors highly bnt strange enough,
will persist in keeping that of Col. too, and
probably Judgt in the bargain, for all these
things he looks upon as so much capital, is
as a member of the central committee of the
Congressional district, and after a good deal
of understanding between certain cliques
and ambitions individuals, he " eets to glo-
Oesw CvaS mm has Aissrtat .
A correspondent of the San Francisco
Herald furnishes the following information
in relation to Gen. Crabb and his unfortu-
ray, W. Edmondsoo, C. S. Thomas, J. Wil
son, R. Higgins.
Besides whom the following were
SEVSaELT WOUWDtD '
Col. F. Anderson, Lieut. CoL Doableday,
Captains M. French and Barrington, Lieuts.
J. A. Sisters and Mulholland ; C. Kennedy,
F. Crawford, A. Bailey, E. Baker, J. Roo
uey, and eighteen others slightly injured.
The wouuded and sick who were ia the
stern of the boat, escaped uninjured, as did
also the lady passengers.
At a court of inquiry, subsequently held
to examine into the cause of the accident,
it was proved that some some days previous
ly, both of tha crown-plates of the boiler
had cracked, owing to the water having
been allowed to get low, and it bad been
temporarily repaired by the engineer.:
. All idea of Lockridge's expedition being
now abandoned ; the Rescue conveyed all
the men to Seripique' ia tw trips, from
whence they made their way in launch
es, canoes and rafts to Greytown which was
reached by tha main body on the 6th, ten
of the bounded and sick having died on the
way down.
Central America. The attitude occupi
ed by the government of New Grenada, at
last advices, says the Herald, and the con
duct and language of the Costa Ricaus who
hare laid forcible bands on the main high
way Detween oceans in Nicaragua, appear
pretty nearly a nu tne cup oi our aggra
vation, iiuzens oi toe one state massacre
our people, refuse atonement, impend future
enormities or tne like kind ; citizens of the
. I r . L l i
oiner, lur tne sane oi carrying on a war
asrainst neighbors with whom the hw
stension oi the Free List, placing er been able to agree, shut np one. and oer
arucles scarcely produced or nvaT- K tw most SaTenient of our raads to
our l'acihc possessions. We submit that
tbis is carrying matters with a tolerably high
hand.
: We have a treaty with England and Nic
aragua in reference to a free transit route
across that State. American citizens, un
der the authority of their government
naw maue a oargain wttn tbe government
ui imw urcuausv, wnicn oargain tbat gov
ernment now tacitly refuses to keep. In
1 . L. 2 . - aL- - ' . . .
uubu inauiDcaa tne administration nave am
ple grouDda for active interference should
it on aeemeq aavisaoie.
ry," actually nominated by the great Demo
cratic party for a seat in the National Con
gress !
Of course his nomination is an election,
for with such men defeat is death, and when
a candidate is needed merely to stand for
a " principle,' or the honor of the party,
the extent of his disinterestedness is beauti
ful to look upon there are so many older
aad better Democrats than himself, tbat be
cannot for a moment stand in the way of
these " honored" men those old and "tried"
veterans in the Democratic cause. We re
peat, there are men like those in tbe Sen
ate they have been in cabinets, and sec
ondary offices at Washington the bureaus
are filled with them. Tbey sometimes ap
proximate so closely to greatness by mere
juxtaposition, that multitudes of people re
ally think tbey are great, and their names
have been mentioned in connection with the
Presidency ; bnt there is a test that deter
mines their actual worth as nicely as an acid
does the pressure of an alkali the moment
they are defeated they are dead and be
yond all hwpe of political resurrection. Bat
few reach the positions we have referred to,
or even get to the State Legislature, in
deed, a very large proportion of them are
confined to county politics ; bnt the process
is the same, tbe motives the same, every
thing tbe same except accident, which may
send a man to the Senate or make him
equally useful as county supervisor or town
clerk. .- '
Political infidtft and superficial persons,
looki g on all this, conclude at once that
theyewpe are a set of asses who permit a
few cunning and selfish politicians to over
reach and rule them without mercy. Never
was there such a mistake ; the people see
through the thing with perfect clearness
aad sms tfaean very gnnninr pliUrt'ia as
their instruments vastly more than they are
themselves acted on by tbe former.
, It has been necessary to keep up an or
ganization to defend the principles of De
mocracy from the constant pressure of op
posing influences, and as certain offices ex
ist and must be filled, the people are always
content to giva them to those who do the
work, tbe detail, the manual labor of the
Democratic party. Moreover, to do these
men justice, and however ignorant they may
be of the principles of political science, their
istinci are Democratic, and when placed in
the Legislature, they always vote right.
Other men of course( keep alive the spirit
and give tone and character to the great libe
ral and progressive party of the Republic ;
but after all, these small fry people, these
second and third rate men, these office-seeking
and trading politicians, are essential ne
cessities of our political system the tools
and instruments of the masses for the perfec
tion of " the party" organization, and thus
the preservation of Democratic principles.
N. Y. Day Book.
mtSkm Thurlow Weed, tbe former veteran
editor of the Albany Evening Journal, said
recently in answer to a query " With all
my- experience, I should shudder at under
taking a new paper ; it is as difficult of crea
tion as a new State." We consider Thurlow
entirely " sound on the newspaper question."
- QV An extra session of the Minnesota legisla
ture is to assemble April 27th, to pass the neces
sary laws to enable tha people to form a state gov.
ernmant, preparatory to their admission into the
Union, ana also to dispose of the congressional
land grants in aid of the railroads.
nate companions :
When General Crabb first visited Sonora,
Gen. Pesquiers, then in command of the "
Mexican forces, proposed that if Gen. Crabb
wonld return, he (Pesqniera) wonld declare
for the independence of Sonora ; that Crabb
should bring with him a number of enter
prising men, to settle and develop the re
sources of the country ; and that, in case
the declaration was not made before the ar
rival of Crabb and his party, it wonld be
shortly alter; tbat he wonld, as military
Governor of the State, receive them as -friends
and protect them as such. He also
offered many inducements not necessary here
to mention to those disposed to emigrate,
assuring Gen. Crabb that his whole object
was to improve the condition of his country-
men by introducing the latest improvements
of the age in manufactures, machinery, Ac,
and that be wonld himself be in readiness to
protect snd encourage this emigration. Tbe
trap was well sprang, and the object well
planned. The villain, Pesqniera, concocted
this scheme to nave revenge npon Ameri
cans for murders committed in the mines in
'50, '51, and since. He had well calculated
tbat, as Gen. Crabb's father-in-law had a
large interest in Sonora, Crabb would take
the bait. Unfortunately, be succeeded too
well. Crabb believed in his professions of
friendship and amity, and left here with a
mere handful of men not to invade Sonora;
for who can believe that such men as Henry
A. Crabb, Nat. Woods, McCoun, and a
number of others all men of good sense and
discretion would be so insane as to attempt
such an enterprise. No; they left here to
join their pretended friends ; and, while
marching to tbe point where they encoun
tered the dastardly cowards who committed
the murderous act, they believed tbey were
about joiniug those who were pledged to
protect them as friends in a common cause.
How sad must hare been their disappoint
ment when, after being worn ont by fatigues
and hardships, famishing for food and wa
ter anticipating a welcome from friends and
a relief from all privations they suddenly .
find themselves surrounded by foes too nu
merous to contend with a band of traitors,
who had induced them to come to Sonora to
aid them in the cause of freedom and liberty. -
They fight to tbe last, and are murdered
butchered Tike dogs after being induced by
this same damnable traitor and coward,
Pesqniera, to join bim, not as soldiers, bnt
as citizens. General Crabb bas often told
the writer of this article that this was true
that his intentions were not of a filibuster
ing character, bnt that he was going to So
nora under the above eireomstances, and
that he had not the slightest idea that tbere
wonld be any difficulty with the Supreme
Government for, said he: "They care
nothing for Sonora; it has always been a
tax npon the Government; and if the Uni
ted States will not make the purchase, then
Sonora will declare her independence," and
it will be recognized at once by the mother
country.
He arrived at air these conclusions by
representations made by this black-hearted,
black-skinned villain, Pesquiers, who did
this to decoy Crabb and his party iuto their
clutches; tbey have succeeded, and now. af- .
ter ail the treachery the villains have perpe
trated, they will ring bells, fire guns, and
celebrate the victory of what? " the exter
mination" of whom? Their friends, that
wonld have been.
This is only in part tbe history of this
damnable outrage. More will be told in
time.'
Mr. Crabb did not go to Sonora as & fili
buster, as is commonly understood by tbe
term. He did not go there to rob or to
steal, and the man who intimates snch to be
the fact is a slanderer of the honored dead,
even be he of the Royal blood. Intimations
have been thrown out by some cf the press,
that Mr. Crabb and party orght not to
have the whole sympathy of their country
men, etc. I again repeat that Mr. Crabb
and companions had not, by an overt act,
placed themselves beyond the pale of protec
tion of their own government they bad
been invited to go to Mexico by tbe proper
authorities, and were murdered. They had
as much right to go to Mexico as the Ger
mans, Irish or any others have to come here
they come by invitation, and oar laws
protect them. But this was not the case,
nor has it ever been, with Mexico. She has
never offered us protection, and this may
account for tbe ill feeling existing between
the two nations at present, and will continue
to be so until the whole country undergoes
a thorough change.
The Sister of Capt. Wright. A corres
pondent of the Table Rock Sentinel, writing
from Washington, says :
At the President's levee I was introduced
to a sister of Capt. Ben. Wright, late Indian
Agent of Oregon, who was killed by tbe
Indians at the mouth of Rogue river. She
is one of the prettiest and most accomplished
ladies I have met in Washington City. She
is truly handsome a blonde, Philadelphia,
Yankee-looking beauty. She spoke feeling
ly of the cruel massacre of her brother,
and his comrades, with tears in her eyes,
and pressed the Oregonians, one and all, to
call and see her and her family. Since the
levee I have met her and two of her half
brothers, and several of her consius two or
three times. They reside in the vicinity of
Philadelphia. They all appear to be well
educated, energetic and good citizens. Capt.
WrigbtVfather was a quiet Pennsylvania
Quaker.
The oldest man in America, it is said.
is John Hemes, who was born in Mecklen
burgb county, Virginia, and was a lad ten
years old when Washington was in his cra
dle. He "was thirty-two when Braddock
met bis disastrous defeat on the Mononga
hela. He, with several of his neighbors,
set forth to join the headstrong and ill
fated commander, but after several days'
march, were turned back by tbe news of his
overthrow. He now lives in Murray Co.,
Georgia, and is one hundred and thirty-four
years old.
Chinese Armor. At Xickerson A Lovett's
saloon may be seen the identical armor wore as a
breastplate by the celebrated Chinese chief, killed
in the big fijrhtiu Tuolumne coantjlast week. It
is composed of a piece of canvas cloth, on which
are sewn aa immense number of small pieces of
tin, intended to turn aside a ball, spear, or other
offensive weapon. It has traces of blood upon it
and a hole made bv the bullet which brought him
to the ground. W e extract from a letter written
to Mr. Nickerson, by an eye-witness, the follow,
ing : " Immediatly npon receiving the shot he fell,
and was assailed by aa man y pike men as could
surround him, who piereed him until he was en
tirely dead, and after which they disembowled
him. His heart and liver were tossed for some
time in the air and caught npon the points of their
pikes, while his carcass was swung npon a pole
ana camea irom tne Held. Xou ought to have
seen the fight. - Yon would have thought hell wu
afloat aad the river rising. Talk about noise
All the French in the Vigilance Committee, if
drank oa soar claret, could not make aa much
The fighting, as a general thing, was done at a
distance of from one half to a full mile, and it will
always be a matter of doubt whethor those who
were killed were slain by friends ef foes. Both
parses are recruiting lor another fight, to
on in a tew oays." law l mix
come