TH 1 -I J 1 M 0 DEVOTED TO THE POLITICAL AND GENERAL INTERESTS OF THE PEOPLE. STATE I VOL. I. THE STATE It E FOLK' A X . Published every Saturday by II. S II AAV tfc CO. Terms of Subscription. The RKfi'HLirtx M ill bo published tit f j ,' a vcurin ml Vance; 1 HO it' paid at the end of six month or l no t tho clttso of thu ycur. One dollar mldiiioual will be Vlmritl tor euch your payment is nejjloctud. Tm No paper discu'ntiuued until all m rearajjea nre tul, except at our option. Hate of Advertisings t)ne Hqnnre (ten linen or less; one month, finch additional insertion, - - - - lltisiuess Cards, one Hipiure or less, one year, ' 44 44 44 six mouths, Vonr Atpuires and upwards, one year, per square, 44 six months, per square, 44 41 44 three months, Aditiinistrutifri-'s Xoliei's, and all advertisements re lating to estates of deceased persons, which have to be sworn to, one square, four insertions, f.l no Tio 12 oo S 00 10 00 7 oo ," w All communications to this office should be addressed to 11. SHAW A t o., KiiKene Cilv, Oregon. . To An-Ki!TiHi:ns.--Ttusiness men (hroimhout Ownn and f aliforniti will line! it greatly to their advantage to adver tise intheStATK Ui'.ithi.ican'. The Weakness of Secession. The radical weakness of the secession doctrine lias, been demonstrated by argument, and is now being proved by tho logic of events. Tho bogus Southern Confederacy is virtually based upon the idea of the paramount sovereignty of each State. There is no common sovereignty of the whole people, speaking through tho majority. Every State community is independent absolutely, not relatively. They are not United Slates having ono nationality, but a league, dissolvable at will by tho action of tiny member of it, and hating the idea of cheerful obedience to a central au thority, though of their own free election. The history of thirty centuries shows how such leagues have resulted in constant jealousies and quarrels, terminating in suicidal war and despot ism. I lie Southern league could never estab lish itself as a permanent! power, even should it lo successful in its war against the Union, for this seed of dissolution in its breast is even now germinating the peri! i f a common dinger tail ing to unite cordially communities that are fight ing against the essential principle of unity. Since the Secession rebellion began, there have been frequent conflicts "between the State and Confedor to Governments, mid a great amount of State nights bluster, going even to the extreme of a threatened displacement of the rebel President 1y that Southern revolutionary sham a Con vention. Several of the insurgent Stales, through their Governors, have indignantly hinted at an intention to tluow themselves upon what they nail their reserved rights, which is a sort of booiuer.in.: woinrei that comes back to its em ployers, sometimes with fatal force. Thu latest illustration of the eccentricity of tho Southern cometary bodies, which nr. (lying madly around tho orderly system of the Union, is nlforded by late correspondence between Governor Brown, of Georgia, and G. W. Uaudolph, the rebel Sec retary ol War. Tho Governor informed the Secretary, June 17th, that tho Confederate en rolling olii :ers, acting under tho general conscrip tion act, which made liable to draft all mulatto and white males capable of bearing arms, had enrolled many persons who were recogniz il by tio State authorities as militia ofl'u-urs in com mission ; and tha Governor added : " Please send mo by telegraph an order for the release of all such who have been enrolled, and direct Major Dunwoody to stop tho enroll ment of State officers, or I shall order the arrest of each officer w ho arrests a State officer. I wish n immcdiato reply." And he received it. The Secretary said that Major Dunwoody had been instructed not to en roll militia officers recognized by the Stato au thorities its in commission; but sharply added: " If you arrest him or any of our enrolling officers in their attempts to get men to fill up the Georgia regiments now in the face of the enemy, you will causo great mischief. I think we might its well drive out our common enemy before we make war on eiuh other.". To this Governor Brown responded by asking that Major Dunwoody's subordinates, who seemed to disregard the Secretary's orders to this drafting officer, should bo directed to obey them. He concluded his last note as follows : "I agree with yott fully that wo should unite all our energies to drive out tho common enemy And not make war among ourselves. I am most happy, therefore, that the Confederate Govern nient has decided to respect tho constitutional rizhts of the State so far as not to force her to the alternative of permitting any department of j her Constitutional Government to be disbanded , and destroyed, or to defend tho existence and integrity of tho Government by force." Iheso words indicate that had the rebel secre tary of War construed the Conscription Act dif-1 ferently from what he did, and refused to prohibit , the enrollment of State militia officers, the Gov- firnorof Georgia would have rebelled against the rebellion. Tho inherent weakness of a gov ernmental system that allows of such threats from ono of its parts is palpable, and should am ply justify to the world tho war whic i loyal Americans aro making to annihilate the heresy forever. Appeal. -- Asotiikr Usios Saver. An eastern paper Jias tho following good one" from Lewis Cass: Somebody asked Gen. Cass, recently, in De troit: " General, what may we do to save the Union!" " Anything." "May we abolish shi, rcry?" Abolish anything on the surface of the earth to save the nation." " My mother," said a fop, " was renowned for her beauty. She was certainly the handsomest Vomm I have ever seen." , Ahl" said Tulleyr.md, looking through him, and taking his measure at once, " it was your father, then, that was so rlain." EUGENE Call fur 300,000 Volunteers. The following correspondence explains itself : Address of Governors of States to the President. To tiik PttESiDENT : The undersigned, Cover, nors of States of tho Union, impressed with the belief that the citizens of tho States which they respectively represent, are of ono accord in the hearty desire that tho recent successes of the Federal arms be followed up by measures which must inure the speedy restoration of tho Union, and believing that in view of the important mil itary movements now in progress, and tiio ro duced condition of our effective forces in the field, resulting from the unavoidable causalties of tho service, that tho timo has arrived for prompt and vigorous measures to Lo adopted by tho people in support of tho great interests committed to your charge, wo respectfully re quest, if it meets with your entire approval, that you at once call upon the several States for such numbers of men as may be required to fill up all military organizations now in the field, and add to the army heretofore orgairzad such ad ditional number of men as innv, in your j-id" nient, be necessary to garrison and hold all the numerous cities ami military positions that mav have been captured by our armies, nud to speed ily crush tho rebellion that still exists in sonic of tho Southern States,. thus practically restoring to the civilized world our great and good Govern nient. All believe that the decisivo moment is near at hand, and to that end the people of the United States are desirous to aid promptly in furnishing all reinforcements that you may deem necessary to sustain tho Government. Israel Washburn, Jr., Governor of Maine. N. S. Berry, Governor of New Hampshire. Frederick Holbrook, Governor of Vermont. W. A. Buckingham, Governor of Connecticut. E. 1). Morgan, Governor of New Yen k. Chas. S. Olden, Governor of New Jersey. A. G. Curtin, Governor of Pennsylvania. A. W. ; radfbrd, Governor of Maryland. i W. Pierponf, Governor of Virginia. Austin Blair, Governor of Michigan. J. B. Temple, President of Military Board of Kentucky. Andrew Johnson, Governor of Tennessee. II. R. Gamble, Governor of Missouri. O. P. Morton, Governor of Indiana. David Tod, Governor of Ohio. Alexander Jiamscy, Governor of Minnesota. Uichard Yates, Governor of Illinois. I'M ward Solomon, Governor of Wisconsin. The President's Reply. Executive, Mansio.v, ) NrtTOX, July 1, 1SG2. f Washing Gentlemen : Fully concurring in the wisdom of tho views expressed to too in so patriotic a manner by you in tho communication of the 28th day of June, 1 havo decided to call into tho ser vice an additional force of ,'500,000 men. I suggest and recommend that the troops should bo chiefly infantry. Tho quota of your State would bo . I trust that they may be enrolled without delay, so as to bring this un necessary and injurious civil war to a speedy and satisfactory conclusion. An order fixing tho quotas c f tho respective States will bo issued by tho War Deprrtment to morrow- Abraham Lincoln. A KKW EkLIAIILK METHODS OK PltKPARINO TIIK Soil. FOR, ANII SoWINO TUB SEEDS OF CoN- sumption. " Dance all night till broad daylight, and go homo with tho beaux in tho morning," insufficiently wrapped in open sleighs. When you receive guests, be particular and make a valedictory communication in tho cVId hall or open doorway. Wash clothes in steaming sud--, and if the wind is blowing cold, hang them to dry in the yard without an extra wrapper about your per son. Eschew woolen undcr-garmcnts of any sort ; and if much exposed to the weather avoid thick boots or shoes. If von accidentally step into a puddle of water, let your shoes and stockings dry on your feet; audit caught in a shower with a market basket on ono arm and a band-box on tho other, so that it is impossible to keep your skirts held above the ground, don't think of changing them. If you have been out "sparking" until tho small hours of the night, and havo a powerful presentment that your father will give you a gratuitous caning it you crawl in tho window over tho shed, lie out in tho piazz; or summer house ; or if your homo is devoid of these archi tectural luxuries, repose lor a few hours a few hours upon tho lap of earth, with Iho stars above growing pale while peeping at you Use hot water in shaving, and rido six miles in tho faco of a north-easter with uncovered liaws. On retirins f r the night, let your boots and hose be the first articles of clothing removed, nnj luivo ever so man v errands about the un- heated room. In short, to use Mr. Micawbrr's phraseology, " check perspiration as frequently as possible." The above methods may not bo adopted to persons in every condition of life, but we doubt not they contain sufficient hints for reflective minds to devise rules for their peculiar cases. " Pray sir, of what profession are you?" said Mr. Edwin James to a witnesi, who had come to prove a fact, and who was not deemed a very reputable gentleman." "Sir. lama snocmakcr and a wine mer chant." , , , "A what, sir!" said the learned Queens counsel." " A wine merchant and shoemaker, It is unusual in England to combine two such trades. l . Tm. I m, describe von Then,"sai - i J - as a shcrrv cobler'.'' CITY, OKEGOX, AUGUST L3, 1802. Little Cnii.DUEs's Duesses. A distinguished physician, w ho died some years since in Paris, declared : " 1 believe that during the twenty-six years I have practiced my profession in this city twenty thousand children have been carried to the cemeteries, a sacrifice to tho absurd custom of exposing their arms naked. I havo often thought if a mother were anxious to show the soft, white skin of her baby, and would cut out a round hole in the little thing's dress, just over the heart, and then carry it about for observa tion by tho company, it would do very little harm. But to expose, the baby's arms, mem bers so far removed from the heart, and with such feeble circulation at best, is a most perni cious practice. Put thu bulb of a thermometer in a baby's mouth; tho mercury rises ninety nine degrees. Now carry tho same bulb to its little hand ; it the arm is hare and tho evoking coo!, the mercury will sink to forty degrees. Of course all the blood w hich Hows through these arms and hands must fall from twenty to forty degrees below the temperature ot the heart. Need I say that when these cold currents of blood I'ow back into the chest, thu child's general vital ily must bo tuoro or less compromised. And need I add that wc ought not to be surprised at its frequent recurring nilcetior.s of tho lungs, throat and stomach. 1 have seen more that one child with habitual cough and hoarseness, or choking with mucus, entirely and perfectly ro lieved by simply keeping its arms and hands warm. Every observing and progressive phy sician has daily opportunities to witness the same simple cure." (Jen. MeL'lellaii's Address to his Soldiers. The following was McClullau'.s address to his soldiers after tho memorable week's battles fought during tho withdrawal of his forces from the Chickahominy : Soldiers of the Army of the Potomac : Your achievements of tho last ten days have illustrated tho valor and endurance of thu American soldier attacked by superior forces ; and without hope of reinforcements you have succeeded in chang ing your base of operations by a II ink movement, always regarded as the most hazardous of mili tary expedients. Yon have saved all your ma terial, all your trains, and all your guns, except a few lost in battle, taking in return guns nnd colors from the enemy. Upon your inarch you have been assailed day after day with desperate fury by men of the same race and nation, skill fully massed and led. Under everyjdisadvantage of number, and necessarily of position also, you have in every conflict beaten back your foes with enormous slaughter. Your conduct' ranks you among tho celebrated armies of history. No ono will now question that each of you may alwavs say with pride : " I belong to the army of the Potomac." You have reached tho new base complcto in organization, and unimpaired inspirit. Tho enemy may at any time attack you. e ure prepared to meet them. 1 have personally established your lines. Let them come, and we will convert their repulse into final defeat. Your Government is strengthening you with tho resources ot a great people. On this our nation's birthday, we declare to our foes, who are rebels against the best interests of mankind, that tins army shall enter the capital of the so called Confederacy ; that our national Constitu tion shall prevail, and that the Union, which can alone insure internal peace and external security to each State, " must and shall bo preserved," cost what it may in time, treasure and blood. (Signed,) Geo. B. McCi.ki.i.as. Tub National Tax. Let us look at thctaxbill with no fears for the future, nnd no grumbling for tho present. The secessionists can c'o that to thoir heart's content. Loyal citizens may put their hands in their pockets and pay their public as well as their private debts, without hesitation, looking at the bill we find that the taxes consist of licenses on various kinds of business, stamps on various classes of commercial and legal pn, rers, and a percentage on manufactures. Most of the rough material is not taxed. There is no tax upon land, grain, vegetables, lumber, or cat tle. The annual licenses are (J 100 upon banks, theaters and wholesale liquor houses ; .j0 upon brokers, wholesale merchants, nnd circusses ;$'20 upon auctioneers and retail liquor sellers ; $10 npon apothecaries, physicians, lawyers, dentists, retail merchants, confectioners, eating houses, photographers, and tobacconists ; from ff'l to $50 upon brewers ; nnd from to '.'00 upon hotels. A percentage of three per cent, is levied upon tho value of manufactures of iron, tin, brass copper, lead, silver, cotton, wool, flax, ami silk, and upon the gross amounts of advertisements received by newspapers, periodicals, etc, and div idends declared by banking corporation?. Beer pays $1 per barrel, nnd w ine five cents on the gallon. Bills of exchange and promissory notes pay a small stamp tax, amounting in most cases to less than oiic-tcntli of one per cent. A tax of three per cent, is laid upon all incomes between fUOOaiid $10,000. The bill went into effect on the first of August nnd the first taxes under it will probably bo col lected next spring. It will pour an immense amount of money into the national treasury, and help not a little to show tho world how the Americans can pay as well as fight, Tho money must bo paid and the sooner we eomtnense, the better it will be for the nation ultimately. It is bad policy in a nation to allow debts to accum ulate, without an effort to reduce them by tax ation. Who Din It ? A boarder nt the Delmoncio, on reading the Evening Adeertiier tor Sunday ford 'oil thus hits off the ermont Breckinridge morning, remarked that the editor of that paper! party: had " made an ass of himself;'' to which one of, Tho man who nets as the Breckinridge party in the waiters, touched by the apparent injustice of j Vermont is going to make a convention of him the charge, replied with spirit, " Lor' save us, do ' self in July. Last year ho was divided on local poor man ain't to blame, a ; Gorrimighty made ..... . i. .!.,. ,.. ,.U v., . f.if Ti,..r, dat sort ob a Ion out ob 'cm fust '." Times. I European intervention in the I'liitcd states, l.io intelligence from Europe foreshadows the intention of tho limperor of tho French, in co operation with England, to interpose by an armed intervention in tho American war, 1 i order to put a stop to it and to enforce peace tin tho basis of a separation between the North and tho South. Taken in connection with tho visit of Count Pcrsigny to London, with an article in the Par's Constitutionnel, w ith the tone of the English tress nnd Parliament, and with tho fact ot the invasion ot Mexico, lor tho avowed pur pose of changing its institutions and subverting its present jjoveriunent, tho news is of a most startling character. Tho same pretense set forth in the Spanish Cortes by LV.Ideron Collautcs for intervention in Mexico namely, to prevent a fratricidal war is holdout to the earot human ity and civilization for intervention in tho United States. But cotton and tobacco and hostility to free institutions aro at the bottom of British and French philanthropy. Tho London Times of the 1 lib instant raves about promised cotton, and takes no comfort i i our capture of New Or leans. Their ruined commerce and manufactures and tho revolutionary tendency of their own population in consequenco of prolonged distress are the real incentives ta the the action of the Powers of Western Europe, and not any sym pathy for tho sufferings of humanity in tho New World. The English journals and the English nobility in both houses of Parliament nll'ect to be greatly shocked at tho course of Gen. Butler in New Orleans. Lord Palmerstoli, in the House of Commons, stigmatizes it as infamous, and such that an Englishman should blush for tho Anglo Saxon race. Earl Utissel on tho same night do iiounees it in tho House of Lords, Earl Carnavon iiys it is without a precedent in tho annals of war. Have they forgotten Packenliam'a watch word of " beauty nnd booty " before Now Or leans at tho close of the war of or tho tomahawk and scalping knife of the savage in the war of American Independence, when the British government paid a certain price for every scalp produced by tho Indian as tho result of his slaughter of the whitcskins, whether men, women or children Havo they forgotten tho massacre of Wyoming, and the fiendish deeds of their hireling Hessians? Could they not call to mind tho bloody scene of Glencoe, in Scotland, or the atrocious butchery of Cromwell, at Droglieda, in Ireland, where, by bis own confession, lie treacherously put man, woman and child to the sword after tho surrender of the town 1 W hat of tho war against tho Chinese, to compel them to cat opium, to their certain destruction, but fur the advantage of Briti.sh commerce! And, filially, is their memory so treacherous that they do not remember tho atrocities of Hastings and Clive in India, and of tho more modem proceed ings ot the British nrniy compelling tho Sepoys to bite tho dust because they would not lute tireased cartridges, contrary to tho precepts of their religion, and of thu blowing of their miser nplo victims from the mouths of cannon ? Let us hear no more, therefore, fibout precedents for cruelty in war. The real meaning of tho mock humanity of Palmerston, llussell, nnd tho other British states men is, that they desire to infinite tho public mind of England nnd nil Europo ngainst the United States, nnd to proparo tho way for that intervention which Earl liussell intimates is only a question of timo on tho part of tho British government. Tho London Post, its organ, says "tho difficulties in the way of tho reconstruction of tho American Union nre insurmountable." Tho London Herald, oraan of tho opposition, nsks " How long is America to bo indulged nnd Europe to endure?" Tho Paris correspondence of some of tho English papers asserts that " Na- poieou is assured ot me co-operaiiou tu j-.nianu in his schemes of intervention in the United States; that mediation has been resolved upon ; that simultaneous propositions will bo tn.ulo by England and Franco nt liichmond and Wrshing- ton, and that in easo of refusal, either by the North or the South, the two powers will linprse peace on the belligerents by force of arms, uut we raiher think, as intimated by Earl Kussell tnd the Manchester Guardian, that tho program me is to let Franco, for I ho present, go forward alone, as in the case of Mexico, and that, if nec essary, England and Spain will come to her res cue. But Iho United States will know how to denl with theso Powers should they attempt to inter fero in her domestic concerns. Wc will soon have an army of threo quarter of a million of men disengaged after the suppression of tho ro be llioti, and a fleet of iron clad vessels which will sweep the combined navies of trance, r.ng land and Spain from the face of tho ocean ; nor will we ever lav down our arms till wo wipe out every vestige of foreign sway in the New world. iV. J . Jlvrol l. Troops Akrivku. Major Ilinearson's com maud First Kegiment Oregon Cavalry, arrived on Wednesday morning from Walla Walla. They crossed the Clearwater with their large baggage wagons about noon, nnd nt once started for the Lnpwi, some twelve miles from town, whero we understand they will be stationed for tho present. These troops were taken from the best in the district, nt:d judging from their fine soldierly bearing as they passed our oflico on their way from tho ferry, wo shall often, we trust, have occasion to speak of them in terms of praise and commendation. (rollen Age. Demcracy a Unit im krjmst. Iho Hart- issues, but ho hopes to agree this time, and pre sent an unbroken front to the enemy. NO. 32. j A Woman' 1'ahmku. Tho Maine Farmer say ' fltlt a Blll,.?M-t I ... ill X n. t I-.. .1 . . . tn .. !nf ...a . us t, . . , llci,rhbor of his-vet on thaminnr side of forty, nnd weighing only eighty-threo pounds averdupoise owning a farm of some iOO acres, has raised during tho past season, 61 bushels of corn. III V do. w heat, 41 do. rye, 43 do. barley, 000 do. oats, 400 do. potatoes, 1,. 000 do. iipplcs, grafted fruit, and 40 tons of hay. She also keeps 40 head of neat stock, S horses and 00 sheep. Tho value of tho above products is not less than fcl.tiOO, while tho expenoes havo been about $000 loaving a net profit of $1,000 for the smart little woman to put in her pocket. If farming will pay like this under tho manage ment of a woman, why should the big two-fisted fellows complain that they cannot get a living by it ? Water Melon Molasses. A man in Hoss County, Ohio, states that he made, last season from water melons grown on one acre of ground, eighteen barrels of syrup, which sold for eighty cents a gallon, giving $ 100 for tho acre of land and labor. The Ohio Cultivator gives the process as follows: Take only the soft part of tho mel on, w hich can bo scooped out with tho hand or a wooden spoon ; rub it through a wire sieve into a barrel or tub, then strain out tho juice through a cloth strainer ; boil down the juico in a copper kettle, just as you would cider or mnplo sugar water, bo careful not to scorch It when nearly done. For preserving syrup for friits this is excellent, nnd also for many other uses. An acre of good melons will yield eighteen or twenty barrels of syrup. Ex Eui'iNK, Throughout all nature, want of motion indicates weakness, corruption, inanima tion and death. Trenck, in his damp prison, leaped about like a lion, in his fetters of seventy pounds weight, in order to preserve his health ; and an illustrious physician observes : " I know not winch, is tho most necessary tor tho support of the human frame food or motion, Wero tho exercise of the body attended to in n corros ponding degree to that of tho mind, men of learning would bo more healthy and vigorous. of more general talents, of more ample practical knowledge; more happy in their domestic lives ; more enterprising and attached to their duties as men. In line, with propriety it may bo said. that the highest refinement of mind, without im provement of tho body, can never present any thing more than halt a human being. Consistency. Throughout tho whole North wo find scores of avowed Abolitionists that hnvo always acted with the Kepublicn parly, mid nre found there to-day, honored with high nud im portani positions by the present Administration, and some of that party put on an air of " injured innocence," whon it is gently intmated that tho party is nn Abolition party. I'ucer Adeocate. Throughout tho whole country wo have found thieves, niurderes nnd traitors acting with tho Democratio party, yet somo of that party would doubtless "put on an nir of injured innocenco," if it should bo gently intimated that the Demo cratic party is a scoundrel party. If a fow Abo litiouists can nboiittomzo tho entire Administra tion Uii'on party, n fuw thieves can mako scoundrels of tho entire " Democratic" party. ??. Journal To takk tub Scent out or Clothing. Sit ting on tho piazza f the Cataract was a young, foppish looking gentleman, his garments very highly scented with a mingled odor of musk and cologne. A solemn-faced odd looking man, after passing by tho dandy several times with a look ot aversion which drew general notice, suddenly stopped, and in a confidential tono said : "Stranger, I know what'll take that scent out of your clothes4 you" "What! what do you mean, sir T said tho exquisite, fired with indignation, starting from his chair. " Oh, get mad, now swear, pitch round, fight just because a man wants to do you a kindness," coolly replied the stranger. " But I till you 1 do know what II take out that smell phew ! you just bury your clothes bury 'em a day or two. Undo Josh got afoul of a skunk, and he " At this moment there went up from the crowd a simultaneous roar of merriment, and tho dan dy very sensibly " cleared tho coop " nnd van ished up stairs. That Last Dic ii. (Jen. Jackson, it seems, originated this expression, which the rebels, truo to their vocation, havo stolen. Gen. Jackson wrote to Claiborne, Governor of Mississippi: " I bate tho Doris (Spaniards), nnd would dc light to see Mexico reduced ; but I would die in the last ditch before I would seo tho Union dis united," The Atlantic Monthly hns a good articlo on tho " Old Dominion as it was nnd as it is now. lit the early history of Virginia, a census was taken of Jamestown. Of seventy-tight men, there were found " four carpenters, twelve laborers, one blacksmith, one bricklayer, one sailor, ono barber, ono mason, one tailor, one chirurgeon, and fifty four gentlemen " Thesi were called genilrmem because they would not labor. This was about the year 1031. In the same part of Virginia, in tY2, there is found about the samo proportion of genttimen to laboring whito men. It would not bo strange if tho war should result in changing the proportion of idlers to industri ous men in Virginia. Secesh plantations will make capital homsteads for loyal industrious citizens of the North. Ortgonian. ' I live, in Julia's eyes," said an exquisite, in Coleman's hearing. "I believe," said George," f r ho had a l'y in them when I saw her lat. " -