nn S A ' DPDl BLICAN 1 r -J r ft i u DEVOTED TO THE POLITICAL A IT D GENERAL INTERESTS OP THE PEOPLE, VOL. I. EUGENE CITY, OREGON, AUGUST 1G, 1802. NO. 31. THE STATE REPUBLICAN. Published every Saturday by II. SIIA.AV Ss CO. Terms of Subscription. Tlie Rkpcblirax will bo published ut ti 6 a rear in ail Vance; ) 00 if paiil at the end of six months; or fi 00 at tlio close of the year. One dollar ailliciouul will be charircd for each year payment is neglected. lf No paper discontinued until all arrearages ore paid, except at our option. . Rates of Advertising. One square (ten lined or leg) one month, Kach additional insertion, -business Cards, one siiuure or less, one year, " " ' " six months, Four squares and upwards, one year, per square, 44 44 six months, per square, " " three months, 44 Administrator's Notices, and all advertisements re $3 no M 12 no H 00 1') 00 7 00 5 00 lating to estates of deceased person, which have to be sworn to, one square, four insertions, 5 Oo All communication to this o!Tice should be addresseJ to II. SHAW & Co., Eugene City, Oregon. To AnvEttTHiSRS. Business men throughout Oregon and California will lind it greatly to their advantage to adver tise in the Statu Kki-i uucan. " L'MO.N LIBEUTY." The following veraes were written by a citizen of South Carolina some years ago ; Who would sever freedom's shrine ? Who would draw the invidious line ? Though by birth oue spot be mine, IJear is all the rest. Dear to me the South' fair land, Dear the central mountain bund. Dear New England's rouky struml, Deur the urairicd West. lly our altars pure and free, lly our laws deep rooted tree, lly the past's dread memory, Hy our Washington, lly our common, kindred tongue ; lly our hopes, bright, buoyant, young; lly the tie of country strong, We shall still be one. Fathers, have ye died in Tain f Ages, must ye droop ogam ? Maker, shall we rashly stain, Blessings sent by Thee r No ! receive our solemn vow, While bef rj Thy throne we bow, Even to maintain as now, Union, Liberty ! CJeu. Konsseau on tlio Slavery Question. Gen. Rousseau attended n, banquet given in liia honor recently at Louisville. J I is speech was very interesting. The following extract will deeply interest the country, ns the utterance of a loyal Kcntuckian and bravo General serving ilia country, oil the slavery question : " I wish to say a word of tho ' situation' as it called by tho reporters of tho day. I propose to advise nobody. ( pretend to no extraordinary fort-sight. But 1 desire to statu that this rebel lion is a lie from tho beginning. There never was any cause for it. To begin nn .1 keen up a system of wholesale lying was adopted, and is pursued industriously to this day. It is the only lock in trade they have. They could teach the Jc vil himself much he never knew before about lying. Wherever the army has gone, it has met this fell spirit of falsehood. Wo have ta ken none of their property ; when needed, we lutvo placed a guard around their houses to pro tect them ; and yet they persist in calling us Abolitionists and negro thieve- And in spite of our disclaimers and our soldiers' nsservations .to tho contrary of our words and acts, they have insisted that our object is to liberate- and steal their slaves. And if we fail to restore tho Union, ' the ever lasting nigger' will be the cause of the failure. They know what they say is false, yet they never ccaso repeating it. Behind and before us .this has been the cry of the enemies of tha Gov ernment. Now, the army of Gen. llalleek is eminently conservative. I believe there is not an abolitionist or a secessionist in it. If there is one of either faction I do not know it. So orderly, so patriotic and so conservative an army of men I believe never before assembled togeth er. That army in its intercourse w ith the seces sionists has pleaded and is still pleading for peaco under the old Government, offering our southern brethren all they ever had, and claim mg nothing except in common with them. lhey want to take nothing from any one. but desire their southern brethren shall enjoy all their rights unimpaired. Hut the negro is in the way in spite of all that can be done or said. Stand ing before the eyes of the secssionist, the negro hides all the blessings of our Government, throw ing a black shadow on tho sun itself. If it had been any other species of property that stood in the way, tho army, provoked as it has been, would willingly have seen its destruction. But the negro they did not wish to interfere with in any way. Yet, with all its conservatism and patriotism, the army has grown weary of this insane cry of 'abolitionism,' as a cause for break ing up the Government. 1 have warned our southern friends of the danger of continuing it much longer; and I tell jou to-night, that if this war continues a year jruin lu-uay, mere-win not ue a iae on uus i .i .:n.. I - .... . I ! -continent. Ihe great revolution will take care f itself-the dead will bury its dead-and tnose ho are causing all the bloodshed and desola- Hon around us, under the fills pretense that we desire to free the negroes, will, if they persist, I one any nna slavery snutieu out as you snun out a candle. Slavery is not worth our Gov. crnment. It is not worth onr liberty. It is not worth all the precious blood now being poured out for our freedom. It is not worth tho free navigation of tho Mississippi river. No; we must still have our Government if not as it now is with slavery in it. still w a must have our I Government. Wo cannot be slaves to Jeff, Davis & Company. We must and will be free. I We must have the free navigation of the Missis. sippi river; and if slavery gets into the war of I these rights, why, slavery must get out of the I pointed general distributing agent for that and way. That would be the last resort, and I j similar papers published in Oregon. Joe's lite should be sorry to have recourse to it; but lirary attainments eminently fit him for the "po u for the Government of our father against ;sish.'" .V''m Miner, all things and every body. Whilst the liberties of tho people are secure under it, as they ever have been, I will allow nothing but death to pre vent my upholding it. And loth as yon may bo to decide, you will soon, as 1 believe, bo called upon to do so. In spite of your entreaties, the issue will bo cruelly thrust upon you, and yon will bo forced to decide between slavery and your wives and children. As for me, I am ready for tho responsibility. A southern man, as 1 am, born and brought up in the South, I could not hesitate when tlio issue is pro sented between tho negro and the Government of our fathers. I am for the Government of the United States against all its enemies. I hope and pray that ou.' southern friends will not force us to extremes on this sensitivo point. We deprecate; such a result ; fir we want our rights under tho Constitution, and we are nil ready to fight for theirs under the good old Government. I would to-day most willingly gird on my sword and fight for any right buionging to them, sla very included; but they must not put slavery between me and tho Government of tho United States. 1 will not consent to become a slave that tho negro may be kept a slave. I will not sacrifico the happiness of my wife, children and fi tends, tho welfare of my beloved State, nnd the rlory of the country on an altar dedicated ;o an 'Ebony IJi.l.' When 1 sec placed on oue side a Government formed by the noblest men tho world ever produced, tho legacy of Wash ington to tho human race, a glorious country filled with a happy and enlightened people, and admired or feared on every spot that is trodden by tho foot of civilized man ; and on the other, a country rent into insignificant fragments, en gaged in continual wars with each other, each on his knees begging assistance from some foreign monarch or against sumo rival fragment, an ob ject of contempt to him w ho uses-it for his own purposes, then 1 shall not be long in coming to a decision, though negro slavery may be on one side and not on tho other. John Day Mines. Mr. Brcntz, tho expressman, left tho South Fork of John Day on Wednesday, the 30th ult., md from hi in we derive much information rela tive to tho mines. A largo number ot miners have come in from Powder river, and these, with others wh have gone in, swell the population in the mines to fully ore thousand. A company has been organized tor the purpose of introducing water on Rich Flat. They ex pect to complete their ditch in about four weeks, and will furnish water to a largo number of mi ners who now pack tho dirt on their backs. lho river has been turned in several places by wing-dams, and wherever holes have been sunk in tho bed of tho stream, good prospects have been obtained. A majority of tho miners have just completed their dams and tiro now engaged rigging pump. New discoveries of g ld have been made in a dry gulch, about live miles beyond Canyon creek. Smith, Murray & Co. were the fortuiiato discov erers, lhey sank three small prospect boles near the head of the gulch, and out of them ob tained $57. They have brought a ditch from a creel; two nnd n half miles beyond, furnishing eight or ten sluice-heads of water. About three hundred yards below tho prospect holes, two men, with sluices, are taking out an averago of about seven dollars to tho hand. They havo taken out two pieces one weighing fourteen nnd the other fifteen dollars. The gold contains some quarlz. In sinking tho first hole they struck a quartz bed rock at the depth of six or seven feet. Bozarth & Co., on Canyon Creek, three miles above its mouth, have sunk ft hole three feet square down to the bed rock, and got out $21. They find about three feet, pay dirt. W. S. Ebey & Co., still above Bozarth oc Co., on Canyon Creek, have gone down ten feet to the bed rock. They found about four feet pay dirt. Half way through tho pay dirt they got one dollar to the pan. Mr. Ebey feels sure tho pay dirt will averago fifty cents to tlio pan. Page, Bice & Tulhill, on Bich Gulch, in four days' work, took out $22150. The claim will average from nn ounce to twenty dollars a day to the hand. Uieh Point prospects from three to ten dollars to the pan on tho rim rock. New discoveries have also been made about twelve miles above the month of Canyon Creek. Two pieces have been obtained weighing about nn ounce each. On the hill near the mouth of the creek, Bich ml Whittmi look out with a pan upwards of I (if), in a single day's work. In oi.e pan ho got $118 50, and from an ounce to sixty dollars in sevpral others. Another man in the creek sunk a hole six by two, seven feet to the bed rock, nnd got over one hundred dollars in one pan 11 1, in another 3 75. The supply of provisions nnd miners' tools is quite limited. An invoice of tho articles most in demand would meet n ready sale. " ' " - - A town has been laid out on Canyon Creek, mi,. u.,a . mnth lt Ilia liimn wmmt 0roie hi and bi(Jj f;lirto become a flo-irishing Iilce 'AlreadB storP) blacksmith shop nnd ' reM ofriee nr0 nndtr wnv. Rfljilion fo th' ,hpre is mmhcr 0f tenU ond .,. ri;..r Tub Editor of the Eujene Reyitiler complains that he is unable to procure the services of a boy to distribute his budget of treason. This speak well for the boys ot Eugene, nnd shows that j tliov are sound on the Union question. The; l,c fiUmr him. w sii""r-st that Joo I-me would be an admirable person to disseminate the ! Register. His recent numbers and Joe's " dead J body " speeches, would do well to go together, ' and te recommend that the ex Senator be an I Au Artilleryman's Description of tho Fair Oaks il.Utic. One of lho mot interesting accounts we have seen of the desperato fight at Fair Oaks, near Richmond, is given in a privato letter from an artilleryman attached to what is known as the 'Napoleon gun battery " in Casey's division, and which was in tho front lino on tho first day's battle before Richmond. After describing the opening of the fight he hays : Tho pickets soon began to fire rapidly and came running in, while the infantry, posted be hind it f nee to support them, blazed away into tho woods. Tho artillery otf our right opened liro and mingled their thunder with the sharp roll of the musketry. Soon our Napoleon guns (three of which were posted in nu unfinished redoubt, and three on tho left near a rifle pit), opened with case shot, which went whizzing through tho air, over the heads of our own men, right in the midst of tho euemv, nnd there ex ploded, scattering death through their ranks. On the left tho rebels were seen coming through the woods to flank us, and wheeling three of our guns so as to bear upon them, wo poured case shot among them with unexampled rapidity and 'ter rible, effect. The destruction was horrible. Our spherical case shot are awful missiles, each of them con sisting of a clotted mass of seventy-six musket balls, with a charge of powder in tho center that is fired by a fuse tho same as a shell. The missile first acts as a solid shot, plowing its way through masses of men, and then exploding, hurls forward a shower ot musket balls that mow down the foo in heaps. Our battery threw twenty-four of these a minute, nnd as we h:.d lho exact range of every part of tho field, every shot told with frightful effect. But the enemy were not at all daunted. They niarekel steadily on, and hailed a peifect tempest of balls upon us. Why we, as well as our horses, were not every one shot down w ill forever remain a mys tery to me. We did not mind tho leaden hail, however, but kept pouring our case shot into the dense masses el the foe, who came in prodigious and overwhelming force. And they fought splendidly, too. Our shot tore their ranks w ide open, and shattered them asunder in a manner Ihat was frightful to witness; but they closed up again at once, and came on in steadily as Eng lish veterans. When they got within four hundred yards we closed our case shot and opened on them with canister, and such destruction I never elsewhere witnessed. At each discharge great gaps were made in their ranks indeed, whole companies went down before that murderous five ; but they closed up with nn order nnd alacrity that was awe-inspiritig. lhey seemed rto bo animated with tho courage of despair blended with the hope of a speedy victory if they could by an overwhelming rus'i drive us from our position, lt was awful to see their ranks ton and scattered by every discharge of canister that we poured into their faces, and while their dead and dying lay in piles, they closed up, and still kept ad vancing right in the faco of of that fire. At oue time three lines, one behind tho other, were steadily advancing, and three of their d igs were brought within rango of our guns shotted with canister. "Fire!" shouted tho gunner, and down went those three flags, nnd a gap was opened through those three lines as if a thunderbolt had torn through them, and tho dead lay in swaths. But they at once closed up and camo steadily on, never hailing or wavering, right through the woods, over tho fence, through the field, right up to our guns, and sweeping everything before them, captured every piece. When we delivered our last fire, lhey were within fifteen or twenty paces of us, ami as all our horses had been killed or wounded, we could not carry off a cun. Our whole division was cut to pieces, with what loss I do not know. We fell back to a second lino of intreiicliments, nnU there held the enemy in check till reinforcements arrived, and then we kept our position till niglil put tin end to tho battle. LtvEitrooL as a Slavs Tradixo Pout. The Liverpool Mercury warns the British Govern ment that the slave- traders who have been ex pelled from New York find refugo in Liverpool, and boldly prosecute their atrocious 1 1 flics under the shallow .f tho British flag. The business is e-hrewd-y done. Secret ngeiils in New York fit out a vessel In ro with a legitimate cargo for Liverpool, the cargo is discharged at that port, and Ihe vessel is then laid up for a few weeks, while preparations are being made for tho voy age t Africa. Ostensibly tho ship is put up tor tho East Indies, but it is known that her desti nation is tho slavo market. The old crew is got rid of by harsh treatment on the outward voy age, and a motly collection of foreigners shipped to tako their place. According to this account the slave traders havo actually established their headquarters nt Liverpool, and the authorities find it difficult to trace their operations, so seeret and so sure are they. Tho English journals which have reviled New York as tho center of the African slave trade unhappily with more justice than falsehood w II now see the difli mi ties under which the Federal officials hero have labored. Tho sin lies nt the door of the British Government if slavers fit out at Liverpool. Ke ccnt convictions hero have altered tho position of New York nnd changed the venua. Gexh-s. There is much called genius that would find a more fitting title in the word oddity. True genius may sometimes appear eccentric, but eccentricity is not genius. Many ol tho speakers of the day put on an air of iccul iarity that may be considered as a substitute for talent. One young minister of some note, 1ia1 a habit of going up one or two of the pulpit' stairs, and then throwing his hat up ahead of him, I much to the amusement of tho younger portion of his fl'K k and the lovers of decorum generally. ! Kentucky Conservatism. " Orpheus C. Kerr, in the New York Sunday Mercury, gives the following amusing description of conservatism : Upon quitting the strawberry festival, I ro turned again post-hasto to Paris, where I arrived just in time to start with Captain Bob Shorty and a company from tho Conic Section of the Mackeral Brigade, on a foraging expedition. We went to hunt up a few straw beds for the feeding of tho Anatomical Cavalry horses, my boy, and the conservative Kentucky chap went along to see that we did not violate the Cons'.itution nor the rights of man. "It's my opinion, comrade," said Caplain Boh Shorty, as we started out " It's my opinion, my Union ranger, that this unnatural war is getting worked down to a very lino point, when we e?n't go out for nu armfull of for.igo without takin" the Constitution along on an nss. I think," says Captain Bob Shorty, " that the Constitution 'is as much out of place here as a set. of fanev har ness would be in a drove of wild buffaloes." Can such bo the case, my boy can such be the case ? Then did our revolutionary forefathers livo in vain. Having moved along in gorgeous cavalcade until about neon, wo ttopped nt tho house of a First Family of Virginia, who wero just coin" to dinner. Captain Bob Shorty ordered the Mackerals.to stack arms and draw canteens in tho front door yard, and then we enterod the domicil, and saluted the domestic mass meeting in the dining room. " elcome, sir," says Bob, addressing the highminded chivalry at tho head of tho table. " we come to ask you if you havo any old straw beds that you don't want, that could bo used for tho cavalry of the United States of America'' The chivalry only paused long enough to throw a couple of pie plates at us, and then says he : " Are you nccursed abolitionists ?" Tho conservative chap stepped hastily forward, and says ho : " No, my clear sir, we are tho conservative clement." The chivalry's venerable wife, who was n fe male. Southern Confederacy, leaned back a little in her ch air, so that her littlo son could sco to throw a tea-cup nt me ; and says sho : " You nn't Tribune reporters, be you V Wo were all noes and no ayes. Quito a feature in social intercourse, my boy. The aged chivalry caused threo fresh chairs to bo placed at the table, and having failed to dis charge the fowling piece which ho had pointed at Captain Bob Shorty, by reason of dampness in lho cap, ho waved us to seats, nnd says he : " Sit down, poor hirelings of a gorrilla despot, and learn w hat it is to taste tho hospitality of a Southein"gentleman. Yon nre Lincoln's hordes, says tho chivalry, shaking his white locks, 'and have comij to butcher tho Southern Confederacy ; but tho .Southern gentleman knows how to be courteous, even to a vandal foe." Hero the chivalry switched out a cane which he had concealed behind him, nnd made a blow nt Captai i Bob Shorty. "See here!" says Bob, indignantly, " I'll be " " hush !" say s the conservative Kentucky chap, agitated, " don't irritate the old patriarch or the future ninieablo reconstruction of tho Union will ho out of lho question. He is naturally a little irritated just now," says the Kentucky chap soothingly, " but wo must show him that we are his friends." We all sat down in peace nt the hospitable board, only a few sweet potatoes and corn-cobs being thrown by tho children, and found the f.iro to bo in keeping with tho distracted situ ation of tho country I may say, warfare. " in consequence ot the blockade of tho Wash ington Ape," says the chivalry, pleasantly, " we have only one course, you see; but even these last year's sweet potatoes must bo a luxury to mercenary mudsill s, accustomed to husks." I had just reached out my plate to be helped, my boy, when thero camo a great noiso from tho Mackerels in the front door yard. " What's that Y' says Captain Bob Shorty. " O, nothing," says tho female Confederacy, taking another bite of hoe-cake, "I vo only told one of tho servants to throw some hot water on your roptilo hirelings." As Captain Bob Shorty turned to thank her for the explanation, and w hile his date was ex tended to bo helped, the nged chivalry fired a pistol nt him neroNs the table, the ball just gr.t aing Ins head nnd entering tho wall Ik-Iiiiii him. 'lly nil that's blue!" says Captain Bob Shorty excitedly ; "now I'll be" " Be calm, now, be calm," says tho Kentucky chap, hastily, "don't I tell yon it is only nat lira! for tho good old soul to bo provoked ? If you go to irritate him, we can never live togeth er ns brethren again." Matters thus rendered pleasant, my boy, we quickly finished the simple meal ; and ns Captain Bob Shorty warded off tho carving knifu just thrown nt him by the chivalry's little son, he turned to tho female Confederacy nnd says he : " Many thanks for your kind hopitalify, and now about that straw bed." Tho Virginia matron threw the vinegtr cru et at him, and s.lys she : "My servants have already given ono to your scorpions, you nasty Yankee." " Of course," says the venerable chivalry, just missing a blow at me w ith a bowie-knife, "of course your despicable Government will pay nie for my property. " Pay you !" says Captain Bob Shorty, hotly, "now 1'li be " " Certainly it will," broke in the Conservative Kcntircky, eagerly, " the Union troops come here a your fii-.-nds; for they rnaku war on none but traitors." As wo left iho domicil, my boy, brushing from our coats tho slops that had just been thrown upoti ns from tho upper window, I saw lho chivalry's children training a fowling piece from tho loof, and hoisting tha flag of the South ern Confederacy on one of the chimneys. And will it be possible to regain the love of these noblo people again, my boy, if we treat them constitutionally ? Wo shall see, my boy wo shall see. The Skrvick Hkndbked nr Slaves. While" the slaves are forcibly set at work digging trenches nnd otherwise assisting the rebellion, they avail themselves of every opportunity to assist voluntarily the Union army, though every man of it is a perfect stranger to them. A son of Dr. Jewett of Chicago, who is in General Mitchell's army, writes to his father how ono of theso men saved a squad of our soldiers : " A squad of twenty six men had been sent to' guard a bridge. Nightly they set their watch, whilo thoso of tho squad not on guard found coin fortablo quarters in an old log house nenr the bridge. On a certain day a negro found means to communicate to them tho fact that it would not bo safo to occupy that building another night as he had learned that the rebels had planned the capture of tho party, and that the naxt night tho plan was to bo executed. Thus warned, they abandoned tho house, and tho whole party secre ted themselves near the bridgo and prepared to welcome any reasonable number of callers. True to the information received, the log house was surrounded about midnight, and from their places of concealment they could hear tho de mand of the rebels that the supposed inmates should surrender themselves or suffer instant death. Finding nt length that our boys were Hot there, they approached the bridge, and were wel coined by a shower of bullets. The fire was re turned and kept up, though neither party could distinctly seo the other. After two hours' fight ing the rebels withdrew, leaving one of their number dead. A negro subsequently Inforrrted our party that tho rebels carried off ' six other dead, and had a number wounded. Eight of otir boys wero wounded none mortally. After' learning tho facts, General Mitchell paid a hand some compliment to the Sergeant who comman ded our party, and his brave companions. What had been the fate of our boys but for tho timely warning of tho negro 1" Armiko Nkqroks. We must '' flgiit the c!ev it with fire," says tho Atlanta Confederacy, by arming our slaves to fight the Yankees, There is no doubt that In Georgia alone we could pick up ten thousand negroes that would rejoice in meeting fifteen thousand Yankees lit deadly con diet. We would be willing almost to risk the' fate ot tho South in such an encounter hi an Open' field." According to that Southern authority, tflfo' negroes nro good for three white men on " an' o;ien field." That's abolition doctrine ddtibled' and twisted. Du. Fhkdkimck Morris, resident physician1 of the Halifax, N. S., Visiting Dispensary, Has writ ten ft letter to tho American Medical Times; in! which ho states that tho " Sarracenia Purpurea," or Indian cup, a native plant of Nova Scotia, is the remedy for small pox in twelve hours hker tho patient has taken the medicine. That" hotf over alarming and numerous tho eruptions, and confluent and fuightful they mny be, tho pe culiar netion of the medicine is such that very seldom is a scar left to tell lho story of thn dis-' ense." If either vaccine or variolous matter is washed with tho infusion of the sarracenia, they aro deprived of their contagious properties. So mild is tho medicine to tho taste that it mny be largely mixed wilh tea nnd coffee nnd given to connoisseurs in these bevcrnges to drink without their being aware of the admixture. The tried i cino has been successfully tried in the hospitals ot Nova Scotia, nnd its use will be continued; Relics of a Former Race. A correspondent of the Stockton Republican writing About i)rV Snell's Museum in Sonora, says : A relic of some former race, who inhabited California at a very remote period, was pointed out to me, found in a tunnel which was run in the side of Table Mountain 2,000 feet, which had evidently been wrought by the hinds of a man, the material being hematite of iron. There was a hole pierced through its centre, which, when brought to Dr. Snell, was filled with cinnabar. Many other antique specimens of manufacture were shown me, some of which presented a sin gular appearrnco, differing materially froiri those now in iiso among the Indians of California. Stone mot tart, bowls, dishes and scoops had liee . brought him by the miners who found them buried deep " into tho bowels of the earth." I'sderoroi-hd Railroad. A subterranean railway ii now in an advanced state of construe tion, running about four and a half milrt under the city of London. The locomotives used, con dense their steam and consume their own smoke, so that neither gns nor vapor is perceptible. The surface of tho railcs Is made of steel. Tho line is made for two gages, and it has a double track throughout. The carriages will bo roomy, well ventilated, and lighted with portable gas. It is expected that the road will be opened about the middle of June. Good ior Pat. When the Both New York reg. Imcut was ordered to retire at Fair Oaks, to' givo placo to the C2d, an Irish private from tho former quietly took his place among the C2d, with the smiling salutation, as he looked to the cap on the lock of his musket, "Byes, I am wid1 ye!" fx a Bad Fit. An exchange says that the McConnelitcs and such of the Douglasitea o qualify their support of tho President, with4 if and buts," are exactly in the fix which sat an would bo if he could be offered a front seat in? heaven they like the Government, hut hate th Administration.