THE STATE REPUBLICAN.
"The Struggle of to-day is not altogether for
to-day, it is for the vast future also.
i
EUGENE CITY. SATURDAY, JULY 26. 1862.
How they Iteason.
One of the strongest evidences of the mental
perversity of secessionists, is in their style of
reasoning in regard to tho affairs of the war.
This diflieulty in reasoning upon these Impor
tant matters, prove their traitorous proclivities.
While they consider themselves exceedingly
sharp and smart, and entirely successful in vent-
t ing their spleen against their country and govern
mont under tho guiso of patriotism mid Union
Democracy, their cloven feet all tho while are
sticking out in plain view of every one but them
selves. They are known to be secessionists,
t positively, by tho working of their brains. A
secessionist traitor cannot possibly reason like
an honest patriot. His evil instincts unfortu
nately force him to adopt and express the wrong
conclusion to tho premises, By paying attention
to this peculiarity of theirs, they can be detected
at any time, no matter what kind of protestations
they may make. Thev also manifest a strange
inability to distinguish between truth and false
hood, and a f ital and unaccountable propensity
. to adopt that which is false.
Since the Bull Run affair, there has been about
' a hundred hard fought battles. Those so called
Democrats Union Democrats (?) have been
mourning all the timo over our defeats. In all
tho hundred battles, they have not heard c one
Federal victory, but unfortunately " we have
been whipped !" Well, let us look into this
matter a little. We would ask these mourners
r
if we were defeated at tho following places:
Elizabeth City, Edenton, Winston, Newbnm,
Beaufort, Bowling Green, Painsville, Nashville,
Clarftsville, Dover, Fayettcville, Bentonville,
Martinsburg, Lcetown, Lovettsvillo, Smithfield,
Bolivar, Charlestown,llarpors Ferry, Big Bethel,
. Winchester, Woodstock, Strasburg, Paris, Hut
tonsville, Romney, Florenco, Decauter, Ilunts
villo, Cedar Keys, Eastport, Columbus, Lees
burg, Springfield, Brunswick, Fernandina, Mid
dl cburg, St. Marys, Berryville, Centrevillo Oo
coquan, Windsor, New Madrid, Port Royal,
Forts Johnson, Beauregard, Evans, Pigs Point
Battery, Shipping Point Battery, Cockpit Point
Battery, Forts Clinch, Henry, Donnelson, Pu
. laski, Columbus Fortifications, Bowling Green
Fortifications, Mill Spring Fortifications, Itoan
oke Island Baltorios, Elizabeth City Batteries,
St. Simons Fortifications, Aquia Creek Batteries
Island No. 10, Shiloh, New Orleans, Corinth,
Memphis, Williamsburg, etc., etc. Now what
is strango in the matter is this : according to the
mode of reasoning referred to, notwithstanding
nil theso defeats, our army has still marched
on! It has captured from the rebels over five
hundred thousand square miles of territory.
Tho question resolves itself into this shape: il
the Federal army has been defeated oil the time
at every place it conic to ; and yet has taken so
much country and bo many cities from the
rebels ; how ninth more territory might it have
taken, if tho said Federal nrmy had not been
defeated at nil these places, nud whero would
secession have found a spot of ground to rest
upon to-day 1 If an army can be so successful
Slid bo defeated all the time, hovr (successful
might it bo if not defeated ? If our army has
been defeated at all these places why has these
forts and cities surrendered ? Study on these
things, ye secession numskulls, and it will do
you good. You will sec tho absurdity of main
taining that our army lias been defeated, and you
will gradually dispenso with those disgusting
croekadile tears you have been shedding over the
Union cause. You deceive no one ; tho case is
too plniir.
Well, what ok it? The newly elected coun
ty officers wero duly installed on the first Mon
day in this month, and wo h .ve been anxiously
waiting to obtain a statement of the affairs of the
oouutv to lav beforo oirr readers. Thus far our
our patienco has not been crowned with success,
but, in tho language of ono who ought to know,
wo " mnst wait a little longer,"-until tho new
officers shall habe brought order out of tho dire
chaos in which tho old officers h ft tho county's
affairs. Wo learn that tho Clerk's ofiieo in par
ticular was in such an incomprehensible state of
confusion that it willl take some considerable
time to bring things to their legitimate condition.
While yet a young county we built a Court
House, the best in tho State at that time, wo also
built a fire proof Jail, and a fence around the
Publio Square, and other little ctcaeteras, which
amounted to over tl.1,000, and still had county
funds to loan. Four years ago, when tho " si
inon pure ""took tho reins of the county, they
found everything in good condition, county scrip
worth 100 cents on the dollar, the publio build
ings completed and paid for. This was all done
in six years, at tho starting of a new county.
When tho taxable property became moro than
than double its former value, our taxes hare been
a IittU higher, and in tho four years of IVmo
cratic rule our funds are exhausted, our county
in debt, county scrip worth sixty cents on the
dollar, a delinquent tax list of four years stand
ing, and everything out ot shapo generally. Gin
some of the unwashed tell where the fuult lies t
We would like to know.
Correction. The statement in last week's
issue, that the editorial "will hereafter bo in
ehargo of the publisher if tho paper,"
fcxve read " publishers of tho r aper."
should
IMPORTANT ! !
By recent Proclamation of tho President, the
lands embraced in the surveys of Oregon, except
Donation claims, Pre emptions completed, and
the mineral lands in all of the Townships
west of the Cascade mountains, to tho Pacific
Ocean, is on tho 6th day of October next to be
offered at public sale, at the Oregon City Land
Office, W. A. Starkweather, Register, nnd W.
T. Matlock, Receiver, for all .f the land lying
north of tho 4th Standard Parallel south, being
tho Township lino between Townships 18 and 10
south of Base lino. And at Roseburg Land
Office Oct. 13th, John Kelly, Register, and Win.
Brigs, Receiver, for all south of the 4th Stand
ard Parallel and west of the Cascade mountains.
All pre emption claims must be entered be
fore that day of sale, October Cth, 1802, for
Oregon City Land Office, Willamette District,
and October 13th, 1802, at Roseburg Land
Office, Umpqua District, or they will bo forfeit
ed. It is of tho greatest importance, that nil
Donation claimants should coniplrto their proofs
and settle all conflicts at an early day$ and that
in every case where patents have not issued,
claimants should, if they have not already done
so, make oath of allegiauco to tho United
States Government, in completion of their pa
pers and in compliance with tho law, and without
which no patent can issue.
By attention to this notico and tho Frocla
mntion, much labor can be saved to the Land Offi
cers and many claims be saved from forfeiture.
Tho Proclamation of the President can be seen
at the Surveyor General s Office, at tho Post
Offices at Eugene City, Corvallis, Salem, and
generally throughout the State, and will bo pub
lished probably by most of tho newspapers of
the State.
Persons having friends in the Salmon or Pow
dor river mines and elsewhere, who have made
declaration of intention to pre-empt, should take
pains to notify thorn early by transmitting pa
pers containing this notico or tho Proclamation.
Washington Territory Correspondence.
Cottonwood Grove,
Walla Walla Co., W. T.
June 28th, 1702.
Mb. Editor: The general spirit of discontent,
everywhere operating upon tho peoplo of Ore
gon, of all classes and conditions, has thrown
many of her most valuable citiztns into this
upper country. Owners of real esfuto in the
Willamette Valley seem to prefer the precarious
and laborious operations of the miner to the
certain and less exposed labors of the farmer.
Tho bearing orchards, broad fields, quiet and''
steadily improving social advantages of home,
are all forgotten, or counted as naught, when
compared with tho alluring prospects of Salmon
River gold mines. This is but a natural incident
following as tin inseparable sequence from the
disposition so common among tho people of tho
Willamette to think every other country nffords
better advantages than their own. Time will
prove tho mistake of thoso who have wandered
from good farms nnd sought other and new ones
East of tho Cascades. During tho present un
settled condition of n Hairs on this sido of the
mountains, thoso who havo luckily secured
pieces of land on tho traveled roads, will make
money, but all their accumulated labor in the
form of improvement, has a value solely depen
dent upon the continuance of travel. The tracts
of fertile land East of tho Cascado range of
mountains are few and small, separated by long
reaches of hilly barren, or deserts, across which
roads can never bo made that will justify the
husbandman in hauling his grain nnd other pro
duce to market. Tho densely populating this
country will have precisely the inverse effect
upon the prico of field produce, that the settling
up of tho States in tho Mississippi Valley here
tho older the country, tho moro farmers, the
cheaper produce there large quantities attract
capitalists and creato a market. There is not
enough land capable of producing on the east
side of the Cascades to offer any inducements to
capitalists. Tho farmers on this sido of tho
Cascades will always bo isolated from tho great
controlling markets of tho world, solely depend
ent upon home consumption for market, this
alono controlling the price. .
A few facts from tho history of southern Ore
gon will illustrate tho impropriety of investing
either capital or labor in an isolated limited ag
ricultural valley, however fertile. Many of tho
best farms in Jackson and Josephine counties
can bo purchased to-day for much less money
than the improvements on them would cost at
present rates. These counties are not nearly so
far from tho trading center of tho coast ns we
are. Tho improvement of tho Willamette will
bo slow, very slow, but sure. This much I have
said for tho consideration of those men who
loiter about their valley homes and wish they
were somewhere else.
I do not propose to detract from the real
worth of this region, or present it to a disadvan
tage. Tho scenery is like all mountainous re
gions, grand, provocative of extravagant expres
sions such as " grand," " majestic," etc., but all
these do not supply the requisites of a home.
A landscnpo that by its varied surface, " shad
owy cliffs," and murmuring brooks is sufficient
to set half the tight booted young men in the
country quoting poetry, may be wholly unfit tor
pumpkins, peas or pig. The- scarcity of timber
will be never ending objection to this immedi.
into valley to haul fire wood and building male-j
rial from eight to ten miles, is a tax upon the
farmers' time and labor that counts heavy on
expense page of his day book. The severity of
tho hard winters is another objection to this val
ley as a permanent home.
To counteract these many objections, tho most
potent argument is t this is a new country; tho
second, its closeness to tho gold mines, (about
200 miles) therefrom, or about twenty-five miles
further than Eugene City is from the Jackson
ville mines' the third, tho dryness of tho win
ters. I have spoken thus freely about the upper
country, because 1 urn n resident of the East of
tho Cascades.
There was a strong effort made a few days ago
by the citizens of the village and county of
Walla Wulla, to unite the secesh and Union
elements. As might bo expected, the attempt
was a failure. Tho meeting broke up rather
boisterous. The object of tho meeting was to
nominate county officers to be voted for in July
next.
The stccsl) material of this county is fast
wearing away, the brass is fast melting out of
their faces. The Council of the village of Wal
la Walla met a few evenings ago and deposed
their loafering, secesh, contemptible bummer
Marshal, George Porter. The inducement
which operated on the vMlago trustees were
about these : tho evening after the brent: up of
tho secesh-Union convention, Georgo Anderson,
a rabid secesh, without any provocation what
ever, threw a large stone at and hit a Corporal
belonging to Company B, 1st Cavalry, Oregon
volunteers, (Harding's Company). Tho Mar
shal was present and saw the transaction, but
refused to arrest Anderson, in fact, assisted him
to get out of tho way, This proceeding on tho
part of a public officer enraged the soldiery
most terribly, as well as all the good citizens of
Walla Walla town. So great was the indigna
tion of tho village trustees that they acted as
obove stated, and Mr. George Porter, minus his
Marshnlship, was politely requested to leave tho
town and county.-
Thero are ono or two more rabid traitors here
but it is hoped that requisitions from California
will soon rid the community of them. This
region of country has sheltered robbers and fu
gitivo murderers long cuough.- So think the
good citizens and so say we.
News from the mines encouraging, without
full particulars. We are having fine showers
every two or three days had new potatoes for
dinner yesterday making grand arrangements
for the Fourth. Each man expects-to drink all
the whiskey he can buy or borrow. G.
Necessity of Confiscation. Let the rebel
lion s'op tomorrow and its armies disband
What, we ask, has occurred that would deter
corrupt and unlucky aspirants for office in future
years from stirring up another rebellion, in order
to get into power 7 Neither Davis nor Beaure
gnrd has suffered any punishment which would
prevent them from renewing their attempts.
On tho contrary, there is much reason to fear
that many thoughtless and ambitious young men
would regard their career ns rather a brilliant
one, and worth following us nn example. They
as well ns many others, would be regarded by
the weak and vicious as daring fellows, whose
crimes were so brilliant and fascinating that tho
Government had not the heart to punish them.
They would bo viewed ns heroes, whose faults
wero c 'neealed by their gilding. Let us re
member that in many communities throughout
the South, made up of wealthy traitors, tho guilt
of treason isaetuully the passport into society,
and no inconvenience will be felt by multitudes
who have given thousands of dollars to the rebel
lion unless the Federal Government shall confis
cate their property nnd strip them of their pos
sessions. What cares a luxurious cotton or
sugar planter, a banker or a merchant, who has
lieen implicated in this heinous sin of treason,
that ho is excluded from holding Federal offices
so long as he can revel undisturbed in his coterie
of rebel friends 7 These men in their neighbor
hoods will dignify their crime with a false re
spectability, and loyalty will bo banished from
society. Every man of sense can easily foresee
this. It certainly must be obvious to all persons
of practical sense that in order to crush out this
social respectability of treason, nnd place the
brand of disgrace upon its forehead, so as to
make it as contemptible as it is wicked, not only
in Kentucky, Missouri nnd Tennessee, but in
Alabama, Mississippi nnd South Carolina, the
Government must let its hand fall heavily upon
all offenders ot tho rich nnd aristocratic class.
Tho luturo health of tho political body demands
tho copious extraction of rebel blood and treas
ure. The cause of tho rebellion, its malaria
which has poisoned tho land, is its pseudo-aristo-cralio
spirit." Shall the Government suffer that
spirit to remain among us, and to strut abroad
again in security, unsubdued and unbroken? He
who says yes, lacks cither loyalty or common
sense. Xashvillt Union
The Cincinnati Gazettt has a suggestive article
upon the commercial and financial revolution. It
that while the exports of cotton were reduced to
nothing we balanced our accounts with Europe
by tho products of free labor thus overthrow
ing all the calculations of the political economists
of Europe and the South. The conclusion of the
article puts our financial condition in a striking
light :
" Who does not remember the taunts which
the London bankers give us every year about
our credit, and the need of keeping it up I It is
now of very little moment whether we hare any
credit in Europe or not. We have achieved our
financial independence. That is a ereat fact. It
is equal U the cost of a whole war. We say
then, as we begun, that the war of the rebellion
is worth the cost in the commercial and intel-
lectual light it lets in upon the public mind, not
only of the United States, but of Europe. It is j
a costly lesson, but rich and enduring will be its,
fruits, ft has advanced the commercial mind a
century, and it has shed liijht upon the minds of
statesmen and nations."
Crossiag the Cascade Mountains.
Dalles Citv, July 18, 1802.
Ma. Editor: Wo have niado the trip through
from Eugene in nine days. We fouud the ro d
over the mountain in on awful condition after we
passed Laurel Hill. Beyond that point, how
ever, there has recently been a good deal of im
provement made. There is nn excellent ferry
on Clackamas river four miles from Fosters;
Mr. Waterburry, the proprietor, seems to have
a thorough business tact, and is very obliging and
pleasant. Wo olso found tho additional luxury
of a toll bridge at Revenues,
on Sandy. The
people along thero are liberal with their mean
in repairing tho road, so as to keep tho travel,
which is now no small item. They have put in
a free bridge about seven miles above Fosters,
and nlso bridged Zigzag creek. Tho road is now
very passable up to the Big Hill, but it will cost
more, 1 apprehend, to make a good road across
the swampy ground on the mountain than they
can afford to expend. There is about ten miles
of snow yet, and the mud at the second prairio
is almost without bottom, yet, bad as it is, we
met hundreds of men and animals, returning
from the mines on this route. What a saving
it would have been to them had they gone down
on tho McKenzio route.
The value of tho dead stock now lying along
the road between Fosters and Barlow's Gate, 1
suppose would not have been less than un aggre
gate of $30,000, which would have been saved
to tho owners had the McKenzie road been open
in tho spring, as this stock has mostly perished
from starvation, whilo the McKenzio road affords
abundance of feed.
We paid eight cents per pound for oats to
carry over tho mountain and feed our horses, by
this means they all came through safo enough
in three days, although much fatigued. We
passed on tho road a great many cattle and
sheep, and one pack train loaded with bacon,
coins to tho mines. A tew miles below Laurel
Hill wo passed a tram of wagons with ox and
mule teams, making desperate efforts to cross
tho mountain eastward. They had families and
seemed to bo emigrating towards tho States. We
think they will not be able to get through with
wagons.
News from' the mines is diverse,-but generally
not very encouraging. Great numbers are con
tinually passing down tho river without their
" pile."
In ono thing worth our notice the returning
miners all concur, that thero is an immense body
of beautiful and rich farming bind lying on the
road to those' mines, and this fict alone is suffi
cient to insure a handsome return for all labor
that Lane county may expend in improving the
McKenzio route, as that will be the direct pass
way from Eugene to that country.
Save your Feed. To the f irmers of L ino
county we would say, in view of tho heavy im
migration which is reported and which is doubt
less on tho way to Oregon, you cannot be loo
careful in saving your hay nnd straw. Put it up
in such a manner ns to save it. We all know
that stock after their long nnd wearisome journey
from the Missouri river to Oregon, are in but
poor plight to weather an Oregon winter on no
better fare than is dealt out to the Lano county
stock generally, nnd we would suggest that if
our own stock can livo on nothing, it would be
well to provide for the incoming stock which are
unused to Oregon living. It is not now as in
former years. Tho vast prairies and table lands
which were among the best grazing grounds in
tho world, are now enclosed, and there is but
comparatively litllo outside grazing left. We
hope tho farmers without one exception, will
awake to the importance of saving all their
straw.
We are in receipt of the April No. of Black
wood's Magazine and the British Reviews, re
printed by Messrs. L. Scott & Co., N. Y. They
are acknowledged the best in their line. As
they commence a new vol. this month, this is
a very favorable tune to commence new suo
scriptions. A discount of twenty five per cent,
from the usual prices advertised in this paper
will bo allowed to clubs ordering four or more
of any one of more of tho above works. They
are doubly important at tho present time, as
they contain able and candid arguments nnd
criticisms on the important events of our civil
war.
Let no ono fail to read tho article on our first
pago entitled, " Whito and Black," as it shows
up in a ridiculous but true light, tho groundless
fears, or rather tho frivolous excuses, of the en
tire pro-slavery clement of the United States
against emancipation, on the ground of amalga
mation. Now it is not amalgamation they fear,
but they see in emancipation the death blow to
tho " institution " itself, and there's w here the
shoe pinches.
From Powder River. A gentleman living
near this place, and with whom we are intimately
acquainted, called on us a few days since while
on his return from Powder River, lie gave a
very flattering account of the extent and rich-
ness of the mines, but is of the opinion that the' D00'1 ,,trf th?n' to cram in' !r ear nu
. . . . c , 'scous trash which the stomach of vour sens
mining operations will be principally confined i Tevojts naiunst.
to the wet season, as the water is too scarce du
ring the dry season to admit of profitable mining j
on an extensive scale. He reports the mines as
MJWt generally from 13 to f 30 per day to
', . , m.- u ii !
,hc hm' Th'9 "Js t0 u more llke ;
reality than tho IQQ ouitco diggings we frequent-
see chronicled.
LATEST. EASTERN NEWS.
Memphis, July 14. General Curtis' entire
command reached Helena, Arkansas, on tho
1 1th. Oa the 4th, while the Thirteenth Illinois
as coming down Whito river they were fi ed
on by guerrillas, seven miles below Grand Glaze.
Our troops returned the fire, killing 19 of tho
enemy ; tho rest fled.
On tho 7th Gen. Curtis, advance, consisting
of two regiments, was attacked by two regi
ineuts of Texan cavalry and a largo force of in
fan try. After a sharp engagement, the rebel
cavalry broke a road through their infantry
.i i . i . .! .. ...i.s.u . : i
j throwing them into confusion, which terminated
in their utter rout.
Tho rebels wero pursued by our troops, who1
took a largo number of prisoners and afterward
paroled them. 1 10 rebels wero buried on tho
field. Our loss was 8 killed and 32 wounded.
Tho rebels had no artillery, w hich accounts for
their heavy loss, us compared to ours. Tho
shell and canister from our howitzers did terri
ble execution.
It is reported that part of the forces of Col.
Fitch had an engagement on the Gih, with n
body of rebels numbering 450. The Federal
force was 200. The rebels lost 84 killod, wour.
ded and missing. The Federal loss was 20
killed and wounded.
In an engagement, on the 7th, Col. Fitch took
all the enemy's camp equipage and provisions.
Both fights occurred within ten miles of Duval's
Bluff, whero it is reported a largo number of
rebels, under Gen. Iliudman, are stationed.
Lexington, (Ky.), July 10. This city has
been put under martial law. All ablo bodied
men of Lexington and Fayette county are or
dered to report themselves forthwith nt tho
Court House Square.
Morgan, with about a thousand men, crossed
the Kentucky river at Shy rock's Ferry, yester
day, enroute for Versailles. There are sufficient
forces nt Frankfort and Lexington to protect
both places.
Washington, July 16. A special dispatch to
the New York papers says : It is said that the
Committee on Ways mid Means have agreed tu
report to the House a bill making postage
stamps legal currency.
Tho border State representatives yesterday
agreed upon a reply to the President upon tho
emancipation plan. It is represented to be tern
perato nnd respectful. They cannot, for reasons
stated, indorse his policy. They will recommend
their States to give the plan respectful cousidern
tion, but in no way commit themselves to it
support. Thoir reply is withheld until it is
known what courso will be adopted by the Pn
ideut on tho Confiscation Bill.
The Confiscation bill has not yet been returned
to Congress with tho President s approval. It is
generally supposed that the postponement of litis
adjournment was made in reference to that
measure.
Tho following Is tho text of the section in tho
bill relating to negroes which passed the Senate
yesterday :
" lhe President is hereby authorized to rc
ceive into the service of tho" United Slates, for
the purpose of constructing indent hment ami
performing camp service, rr tiny other military
or naval service for which they may found com
potent, persons of African descent. Such per
sons shall be enrolled nnd organized under such
regulations, not inconsistent with the Constim
tion nnd laws, as the President may prescribe.
When any man or boy of African descent who,
by tho laws of any State, shall owe service or
labor to any persons who during the present ru
hellion have borne arms against the United .Slates
or given to the enemy aid or comfort, shall per
form service as provided for in this Act, hist
family shall forever thereafter be five, n-iy law
to the contrary notwithstanding. Persons of
African descent under this law sha'l receive tuu
dollars per month and one ration."
Tho Senate yesterday passed a drafting bill",
by which the President is authorized to cull out
the entire militia of the country -ru period not
exceeding nine months. The bill also provides
for the use of slaves of rebels in the army, and)
giving them freedom in consideration of luei
services.
Tho House has passed a bill nbolisfcir Con-
grcssional mileage, and extending its provisions!
to the present Coiigres.
The House postponed till December the bill
admitting Western Virginia.
New York, July 16. The British steamer
Ann has just arrived as a prize. She was dis
covered under the guns of Fort Morgan, Mobile
bay unloading cannon gunpowder. The Sus
quehanna and the gunboat Kanawha sailed into
the bay. lhe former engaged the fort, and the
latter succeeded in cutting out the British vessel.
Tho ciew of tho Ann deserted, after trying to.
sink her. The cargo consisted of gunpowder,,
arms, cartriges, etc.
St. Lonis, July 17. Dispatches of tho 12th
from Springfield Mo., give intelligence that a
portion of the expedition which is moving into
the Indian Territory, met a large body of rebela
nnd Indian allies at Evnnsville, and routed then
killing 140 Indians and 30 rebels and wounding
many our loss win small.
Major Miller, vith 600 troop attacked Rains,
Coffey and others 1,000 strong, early on Tuesday
morning, surprising and routing them, he took,
all their munitions, arms and camp equipage.
30 rebels were left dead on the field. Our loss
was 3 killed and 7 wounded.
Washington, July 17. A bill passed both
Houses yesterday romoving the President's ob
jection to tho Confiscation bill. The Act is so-
amended as to uot work the forfeiture of the
reat estate of the offender beyond his natural!
life.
Frown uponf tfw scandal monger; listen noB
to the tattler t-tyde rebuke the defumer of
character k so decisive a manner that they will
never approach yon sjain with their poisonous
tongues waggiiiL- with the venom of slander.
Tub moon, like certain politicians, chances.-
every thirty days, when she looks at things in
encrl ilh I"'10 new " fact were'
wanting-to determino the sex- of the moon.it
would oe fiund in her obstinacyabout her ,2e.
Like most ladies she is never moro than a day
older than thirty.