nnirjim STATE BID1 J ram an U AAL VI ALJL M 0 DEVOTED TO THE POLITICAL AND GENERAL INTERESTS OP THE PEOPLE, VOL. L EUGENE CITY, OREGON, JANUARY 11, 1862. NO. 2. the state republican Published every Saturday by H. 8HAAV & CO. Terms of Subscription. Th RarusLiciir will be oublished at t'J 50 a rear in ad Yaaee: 13 00 if paid at the eud of six months : or ti 10 hi the .low of the year. One dollar additional will be .barred for each year payment is neglected. 4r No papers discontinued uutil all arrearages are aid, except at our option. Rate of Advertising. 'One square (ten lines or less) one month, Each additional insertion, business Curds, ae square or less, one year, . - - - "six months, 'four squares and upwards, one year, per square, " . " six mouths, per square, - three months, " Administrator's Notices, and all advertisements re lating to estates of deceased persons, which hare to be sworn to, on. square, lour insertions, (3 00 60 14 00 00 lo oo 7 ot s oo i 00 AU eommunicationi to this office should be addressed to 11. SHAW Lo., fcuxene uity, Oregon. To Adtibtisbrs. Business men throughout Oregon am California will find it greatly to their advantage to adver tise in the Htat Kkmbmcax. HIGHLAND MARY. BY ROBERT BURNS. T. banks and brooks and streams around The castl. of Montgomery, Green be your woods and fuir your flowers, Your waters never driiinlie: There summer first unfolds her robes, And there thev longest tarry j For there I took the lust farewell Of my sweet Uighlund Mary. Il.iw sweotly bloomed the gy green birch, tlj rich the hawthorn's bloiiii ; As underneath their fragrant shade, I clasped her to my bosom! The goldeij, hours on angel wings, Flew o'er me and my dearie ; .For dear to me as light and life Was my sweet Highland Mary. With many vow and locked embrace, Our parting was full tender; And, pledging oft to meet again. Wo tore oursflve asunder: But oh, fell death's untimely frost That nip my flower so early! 'ow green 's the sod and colli 's theclnr; That wraps my Highland Mary. Oh.pale.pal. now those rosy lips, 1 oft hare kissed so fondly! And closcd.for ay.the sparkling glunca That dwelt on me so kindly ! And mould' ring now in silent dust That heart that loved me dearly: But still within my bosom's coro. Shall livo my Uig.ilaud Ma.-y. Drumlie to run dry. PARSON BROWNLOW ANI THE TENN ESSEE REBEL.N. The patriot Brownlow has issued the last num ber of his paper, he having received me ultima tum of the secession State authorities indict unent by the grand jury and imprisonment for treason, or an oath ot allegiance to tne oouinern Confederacy, and the adoption by his paper of secession views, lie boldly chooses the former course, and says he will submit to imprisonment tor life, or (lie at the end ot a rope oetore nc makes the least concession to the traitor tyrants of Tennessee or of the Southern Confederacy. Ala concludes as follows : The real object of my arrest and contemplated .imDrisonmciitisto dry up, breakdown, silence nd destroy the last and only Union paper left in the eleven seceded States, and thereby to keep ifrom the people of East Tennessee, the facts which are daily transpiring in the country. After the honorable Jell" Davis had stated in Richmond in a conversation relative to my paper, that he "would not tolerate freedom of tho press; ufter the judges, attorneys, jurors and all others filling positions of honor and trust under the " perma meiit Constitution," which guarantees-1' freedom of the press ;" and after the entire press of the South had come down in their thunder tones up on the Federal Government for the suppression of the Louisville Courier, New York Dag Book -and other secession journals 1 did expect the utmost liberty to bn allowed to one small sheet, whose errors could be combatted by tho entire Southern press ! It is not enough that my paper has been denied a circulation through the ordinary channels of conveyance in the country, but it must be discontinued alto gether, or its editor must write and select only such articles as meet the abproval of a pack of scoundrels in Knoxville, when their superiors in all the quaiitiestlmt adorn human nature are in (he Penitentiary of our State ! And this is the boasted liberty of the press in the Southern Confederacy ! I shall in no degree feel umblcd by being cast into prison, whenever it is the will and pleas ure of this august Government to put tne there ; but, on the contrary, I shall feel proud of my confinement. I shall go to jail as John Rogers went to the stake for my principle). I shall go because I failed to recognize the hand of God in breaking up the'American Government, and the inauguration of the most cruel, wicked unnatural and uncalled fur war, ever recorded in history. I go because I have failed to laud to the skies the acts of tyranny, usurpation and oppression, inflicted upon the people of East Tennessee, be cause of their devotion to the Constitution and laws of the Government, handed down to them by their ftthers, and the liberties secured to them by even long years of gloom, peverty and trial ! I repeat, I am proud of my position and of my principles. 1 shall leave them to my children as legacy, far more valuable than a princely for tune bad I one to bestow. With me life has lost some of its energy hav, big passed sis annual posts on the estem rl h..lf a nontnrv anmr-thinir of the fire of youth is exhausted but I stand forth with the eloquence and energy of right to sustain and stimulate me in the maintenance of my principle?. 1 am encouraged to firmness, when I look back (othe fate of Him 44 whose power was righteous ness," while the infuriate! mob cried out " cruci fy him, crucify him l" I owe to my numerous list of subscribers the tilling out of their respective term O "';, they have made advance payments, and if cir cumstances ever place it in my power to dis charge theso obligations, I will do it most cer tainly. But if I am denied the liberty of doing so, they must regard these small losses as so many contributions to tho cause in which I hav9 fallen : I feel that I can, with confidence, rely upon the magnanimity and forbearance of my patrons under this stato of things. They will bear ine witness that I have held out as long as 1 nm allowed to. and that I have yielded to military desnotism that 1 could not avert the horrors of or successfully oppose. I will only sav in conclusion for I am not allowed the privilege to write lhat Usb peopl of this country have been unaccustomed to sucn wrongs ; they can yet scarcely realize them They arc astonished for the time being, with the ouiek succession ot outrages that have come upon them and they stand horror stricken, like men expecting ruin and annihilation. I may not live to see that day, but thousands of my read crs will, when the people ot this once prosper ous country will see that they are marching by double quick time from freedom to bondage They will then look these wanton outrages upon right and liberty full in the lace, and my predic tion is. that thev will " stir the stones in Home to rise in mutiny." Wrongs less wanton and outrageous precipitated tho French Revolution, Citizens cast into dungeons without charges of crime against them, and without the formalities of trial by jury, private property confiscated at tho beck ot those m power ; the press nuuiDicd muzzled and suppressed, or prostituted to serve the ends of tyranny. 1 he crimes ot L.ouis AVI full short of all this, and yet he lost his head The neonlo of this country, down trodden and oppressed, still have the resolution of their illus trious forefathers, wno asseuea ineir ngnis ni Lexington and Bunker Hill A PROGRAMME FOR THE NATION-TIIE DK.-UiVS A NO OBJECTS OF THE WAR. The tone which a large proportion of the citizens of the Northern States are beginning to assume in relation to our present political struggle, will be found embodied in tho following resolutions, which wo clip from a New York paper, the Herald of Progress : 1. Jtesolued, That the primary and sole func tion of a true government, which always derives ts just powers from the consent ot tne governed, is to secure the largest liberty, the most perfect order, and the progressive prosperity ot an nmnn hRiniTH within its lurisdictinn. xnw liberty, order, and prosperity, are secured to the people by promoting general industry, impart ing scientific ond moral education, and by pro- touting the property and rignis ot us ciuzeus whether native or adopted. Resolved, That the preamble ot moral and political principles to the Constitution of the United States embodied in that inspired instru- nent. the Declaration of Independence consti tutes the broadest political ground upon which to build a free, just, and progressive govern ment. 3. Resolved. That the Government of the United States, w hich is built upon the preamble of principles set forth in the Declaration, is, not withstanding its incompleteness and manucsi imperfections, the best, and, in all essential res pects, the freest Government ever yet unfolded beneath the heavens. 4. Resolued, That our Government with its . - . expansive powers and Deneuceni purposes, consists of and represents tne particular auu combined interests of several lesser Govern ments, or separate States, which, although lute- gral parts of a grand and inseparable system, yet have separate and distinct duties to discharge by means ot loyal legislation and tne eniorce- inont of their laws, in accordance with the esigns and decrees ot the general Government. 5. Jiesolved, I hat the distinctive ngnts and tne constitutional duties of tho separate States by which they should be regulated and governed in the matters of legislation and the enforcement of laws are defined and preserved in and by the preamble and Constitution of the general Gov eminent ; therefore, that the citizens ot a .state, acting in harmony with constitutional authority, are bound to say, as did Henry Clay, " I owe a uisieme allegiance to tho general uovernment, and to my Slate a subordinate one. ihis short sentence contains and explains the whole doctrine ot Stato Rights," and clearly defines both the political and moral relations subsisting between tho separate States and general uoveriuneni. 0. Unsolved, lhat the right oi revoiuuou in and by a separate State, is both a natural and a political right : that " whenever any form of government becomes destructive" of the ends of iberty, lustice. order und prosperity, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish if, and to institute a new government on such principles, and organize its powers in such form, as to them hall seem most likely to eiioci ineir saiety and happiness." (See Declaration of Independence, Section 2, passed July 4, lnO.) In short, lhat the citizens of any State have a natural and po litical right to revolutionize, and to resist the enforcement of the laws ot the general Gov ernment, whenever such State is visited by ppression and protracted injustice from the Government of. which it is an integtal fart. Jiesolveil, lhat without the moral and political justification arising from such injustice and oppression, no State can justly rebel against or poluically withdraw from, or legally repudi ate its obligations to the general Government, ny more than can blood in tho b physiologically refuse to obey the h human body eart, or the dependent and loyal hand ignore the energy and government of the brain. 8. Resulted, That South Carolina and other slaveholding States, without suffering from any act of injustice and oppression without being justified lor one moment by any act of tyranny "r.i. i-ediii" from the general Government, or any State within its jurisdictiot havo inaugurated hostile resistance, have instituted unconstitution al legislation, and have attempted to dignify the motives and objects of their treason and rebellion by appropriating the terms " revolution" and " independence," by which expressions and pro fessions many very worthy friends of mankind, and many loyal to the general Government, resi dents of the South, have peon politically convert ed to a bad cause, and therebr morally deceived. 9. Resolved, That, inasmuci as a few thousand slaveholders have inauguraUd tin unjustifiable armed resistance to the pesxeful progress and constitutional freedom ot mexf millions, it is bjt natural, and, legitimate that rtuchmen should be compelled to assume the terrible responsibility of having instituted a war for seljish and subversive endi, against the combined interests and welfare of millions of loyal and peaceful citizens. 10. Resolved, lhat, as a just and magnanim ous punishment (which is cufculaftd not to rid stroy, but to subdue and reform, all whom il embraces.) there should be a speedy rtduciiot:, and consequent political degradation, of every disloyal State, to the original condition of pro vince or territory. 11. Resolved. That, inasmuch as, from the over-mastering force of their geographical, po. litical and moral circumstances, the Bordej States are confusedly loyal, uncertain, and neutral ; and inasmuch as (becauee of the dangerous and treas onable relations subsisting between such States and tho cause of the Government) it is. unavoid able that the persons and property of the citizens thereof should be particularly exposed to the wasteful vicissitudes and ruthless ravages of war; therefore it is deemed just that the loyal citizens be legally, efficiently, and equitably protected and indemnified by the constitutional provisions of Congress and the magnanimous proceeding of the general Government ; to which end it is suggested that a Committee bo appointed to search out, take an inventory of, and fix a just valuation upon each and every slave owned by known loyal citizens of the Border States, in accordance with which report and reprisal the general Government should purchase and pay tor every slave, and tnat on and auer me aaie oi such apprisal and purcnase, me ironuer ana cen tral States shall be declared forever independent of chattel slavery. 12. Resolved, lhat, tiiasmuch as there are thousands of our loyal countrymen at present -csiding in the slaveholding States, who are pro prietors of slaves, or implicated in the institution (as a consequence of the external circumstances in which such men and their families have been reared,) and inasmuch M such holders of slave property or property in slaveholding States are likely to lose their entire wealth, and be reduced to embarrassment and poverty, therefore, the 'cneral Government should insure and indemnity such loyal and impoverished citizens South whether slaveholders or not by appropriating to their indemnification from moneys accruing from the confiscation of the properties of known active rebels, whether North or South, which would be a just and merciful punishment tor their unjustifiable disloyalty, and consequent treason, to the freest, and best, and truest of Governments. CAUSE Of COLD OX HIGH MOUNTAINS. From the French of Charles Maktins.J Have you ever passed a whole day on the summit of the Rigi, the Rothorn, tho Faulthorn, or any other mountain favored with an inn where one could spend a whole day, from sunrise to sunset. If tho weather was fair, the air calm, the sky clear, this is what you saw : In the morn ing light mists covered the valley, motionless as a sheet of water. These mists as soon as the rays of the sun fell upon them, began to be internally agitated, rising, swelling, parting asunder, and flowing piece-meal from one valley to another. But soon the entire volume seemed to lift and rise slowly, then divide into clouds that appeared to climb along tho sides of the mountain, assum ing the most varied forms. Sometimes they are cloudy globes which ascend majestically into the air like balloons, or like scarfs which twine among tho snowy gorges and remain fastened to the points of the rocks ; or, perhaps, they be come a shapeless mass that envelopes certain parts of the mountain pile, or of the horizontal strata that seem to cut the mountain in twain. The charmed traveler, through the openings of portions of the valley, catches a glimpse of a silver torrent which runs through it, of villages and cultivated fields. As they ascend, some of these clouds are dissipated, melt away, so to speak, the atmosphere. Others ascend to the summit where the spectator is beholding them, and envelop him in a thick fog. This in its turn disappears, rising slowly far above the head of the traveler and forming white clouds, which as cend into the blue heavens. The fog ot the plain, the rnists of the mountain have become, clouds with rounded forms, loo often concealing thunder and lightning in their bosom. What is the force which detached them from the valley in which they seemed forever shut up, carrying them above the highest summits of the Alps 1 It was ascending currents ot tne atmosphere. The fire on the hearth causes a current in the chimney, which, leaving the chamber, rise into the pipe, and carries with it the smoke produced by the wood. In the same way the warm sides of the mountain cause an ascending current of air, which carries olf the clouds. In the plain, this air was subjected to the pressure of the entire body of the atmosphere which is above it, the weight of which is measured by the column ot mercury in the barometer ; but in proportion as this volume of air rises, the pressure diminishes, because the column of air which weighs it down grows continually shorter. This air teing less compressed, dilates, augment in volume, and consequently grows cold. You can't make pork out of pig iron or be come a shoemaker by drinking sherry cobblers. MESSAGE. The following is an extract from the Messago of L. J. S. Turney, Governor of Washington Ter ritory, to its Legislature, Dec. 19, 1861 : In this connection I cannot too warmly and earnestly urge upon you the necessity for a prompt, efficient and thorough organization of the militia of this ierntory. War a stupend ous war actually exists in our beloved country, and before it closes, for " the end is not yet," we may have trouble with the savages, and quite as likely, difficulties with the Mormons, friends of a 1 acino Kepublio, and other traitors, all com bined. The adage tells us " in time of peace prepare for war." Although the citizens of the Pacific coast are not now actually engaged in war, I feel it my duty, as a sentinel upon the watch- tower, to sound the tocsin of alarm, and call upon you, the Senators and Representatives of a brave, bonest and chivalrous constituency, to prepare for their common safety by providing means tor their common defence. There are in this Territory not more than six thousand men Rtween the ages of sixteen and sixty, capable of bearing arms, while there are at least twelve thousand Indian warriors, and those east of the Cascades fine horsemen a fair forest cavalry. There are about two hundred and fifty thousand Indians west of the Mississippi River ; of these, fifty thousand are warriors. Strike a line north and south through Omaha City, in Ne- DrasKa Ierntory, and west ot that line there is not to-day a single United States soldier to pro tect the population from the incursions of this formidable foe. I do not call attention to these notable facts, and thus warmly urge a favorable consideration of this recommendation, to produce a panic in the public mind, but to convinco you of the necessity for action, prompt mid energetic. By a law of Congress, approved August 5th (last), our Territory is called upon for seven thousand, seven hundred and fifty-five nnd one third dollars. Both patriotism and pride requiro us to meet that call promlly. You can save our tax-payaying community fifteen per centum of this amount by assuming its collection and payment. If tho General Government has to collect it, our people will have tho wholo amount to pay, and the public treasury will be little if any benefited ; therefbre, both duty, interest and patriotism require you to provide for its promt and faithful payment.! If you make this necessary and reasonable pro vision, you will have to give tho Secretary ot the Treasury notice of yoar action. Tho adoption of this suggestion will secure for you the confi dence and respect ot our Uovernment, and will be proof that you understand and appreciate the important and peculiar relation existing between Territorial Legislators and the General Govern ment, and will command tor your memorial! and requests respect and consideration. And here, X remark, nothing would give me greater pleasure than for this honorable Legisla tive Assembly to adopt suitable resolutions, calling the attention of our patriotio citizens to the National Loan, for the purpose of raisu.i funds to sustain the Government as our fathers made it. There certainly are citizens in this Territory who will snbscribe to this loan. 1 should like to see resolutions passed, calling upon Union loving men to stand by Union-loving men in all things, at all times, nnd resolving not to trade with, or in any manner countenance, those who are base enough to oppose the Ad ministration in its laudable and patriotic efforts to sustain the Government. For men who can distinguish in this crisis between the Ad ministration and the Government, are to say the least, oi oouotiul loyalty ; and such men are sure to be blind to the fact, that tho leaders of tho rebellion have in no single instance since its inauguration appealed to the people for their approval, but have carefully, constantly and despotically abrogated tho people's rights. They have proved themselves enemies of a Republican form of government tyrants of the first water. They hav ruled their negroes and poor white neighbors until they have ruined themselves, und they now wish to ruin the free North. Your attention is respectfully culled to the statements, reports, memorials, etc., herewith filed, and numbered from one to twelve inclu sive. Agriculture, the great employment of the masses of our country, should bo encouraged. This can be done in an eminent degree, by pay ing liberal bonuses out of tho lerritonul I reus ury to agricultural societies. This plan has bee:i found to work well wherever it has been tried. The copies of memorials in tho archives of this Territory convince me that you havo gener ally passed too many ; that you have been in the habit of asking loo much and relyiug too little upon your own strength. It is time we should depend upon our own resources for many if not most of our wants. Our pcfiotio peoplo will cheerfully contribute to the common fund for the cemmon good. They will not grumble at being reasonably taxed for froo schools, for roods, for a revision of our laws, for the support ft the unfortunate and afilicted, for tho proper orgrniz ationoflhe militia, for raising the amount due the United States by act of Congress approved tho 5th day of August la. t, or for any other reasonable purpose especially now, when our Government is being tried most sorely, and needs all its resources to put down tho gigantic rebel lion. 1 would recommend, therufore, few mem orials. You might, perhaps, select two or three subjects of most importance, and concentrate your whole strength, and have reasonable hope of success ; but spread out all over "pace, ask for everything you fancy agreeable and you will get nothing. Besides we should not now ask for anything which would in the least weaken the General Government, however important to us; for all our future depends upon its perpetuity. For myself, I think of but one thing I would willingly ask at present: It would be for au thority to hang traitors-men who with long facea cry neacr, peace i1? '' ' ' greatest war and greatest peril. Our Govern ment has always dealt too leniently with men who opposed it in times of war. 1 would rejoice to know that such men would speedily receive tho punishment their treason merits. For, call the course pursued by them " Southern rights," call it " State rights," call it " secession," call it " Rebellion," call it "Revolution," call it what you will, and then sugar-coat and ornament its name in the most artistic manner by the use of high sounding words, arranged and marshaled into well rounded sentences and paragraphs, and it is treason still. Treason against the Govern ment, Treason against our glourious Constitution, Treason against llie right und hopes of philan thropists throughout the world, treason against everything near and dear and sacred to an American freeman, treason against religion and religion's God. Yes,' fellow-citizens, the courso pursued by certain peace men, is treason pure, unadulterated treason. Treaou in all its hide ous and loathsome deformity ; and all tho lead ers of this unholy rebellion in the South, and thair aiders ubcttors aud sympathizers in the North, who cry peace, peace, when thero is no peace, aro traitors, and deserve a traitor' punishment here, and will receive a traitor's curse hereafter. No matter whether they call themselves Dougla Democrats, Breckinridge Democrats, Union men, Americans, Know Noth ings, or friends of peace, peace ! There was a peace party in this qountry in tho days of the American revolution ; there was a peace party during the war of twelve j there was a Mexican peaco party in our country a few years ago, and notwithstanding the Ignominous fate of all those peaco parties, and of all tho peaco men of which they were composed, we havo a large peace party in this country now. A peace party ! A peace party when the Constitution of our country, the last best hopo of philanthropists is boing stealth ily stabbed ! A peaco party, when tho cnomies of civil and religious liberty, the dearest rights of man, arc known to be abroad with arms in their bunds ; a pence party, when our country's Capital, bearing tho name Washington ! is men aced ; a peace party, wnen a pan oi ino public purse and property of the people aro in tho po- sessiou of public and privato plunderers. May tho members of this peaco party be not forgiven, l hey do know what they do 1 r ellow -freemen, notwithstanding our country troubles, and the dangers by which wo ore sur rounded, yet ours is indeed a highly favored community. It wo aro true to ourselves true to the great trusts conhded to us true to the instincts of Liberty and the rights of man, we ahull ouon be a great, a glorious Rt.ito an lnteg- ral part of a great and glorious nation, living un der, and protected by ono great and glorious Constitution, shielded and animated by the same glorious flag, without tho diminution of a single star or tho rending of a solitary stripe, that waved over and animated our fathers while they fought for freedom. Glorious old star spangled ban ner " long may yoi wave, o'er the homes of the freo and the land of the bravo." Wk give below mi article from tho columns of tho Religious Herald, a Baptist paper, of Rich mond, Virginia. It shows so much more cool ness of.jiHlgmcfH and candor of ninid than we are in tho habit ol liuding in onr southern ex changes, that we deem it worthy of special notice. It s.iys the South has made at least eight great blunders, nnd enumerates them as follows: 1. In firing upon Fort Suiiiptor. 2. In believing that thero would be a divided North, und an apathetic Federal Government. 3. In believing that they would have the hearty sympathies of Europe. 4. In believing that tho bonds of their Con federacy would bu readily taken in Europe. 0. In believing that the military power of tho North would bo directed in a crusade against slavery, rather than bu employed for tho over throw of treasotijUiid tho establishment of .tho Union and the Constitution. 0. In believing that Northern courage nnd physique were no match for Southern; or that in battle one Southerner would bo equal to five Yankees. 7. In believing that the fl ig of the cotton oligar chy would wave ubovu the Capitol at Washing ton, uinl the roll of slaves bo called on Bunker Hill. .8. In believing that tho fancied omnipotence of cotton would dominatu tlio commeicn of tho world. Dkhcki A writer TION OK TIIR 1'lllVATERR SuMPTER, in tho National Inlelioencer savs ! The Sampler is an awkwurdly rigged bark, half man of war, halt merchantman. Her mizzcumast is a long way from mainmast, and her sails bear a great disproportion to . her hull, being too little canvas for so long a vessel. Hho carries three trvsril-yill being larger than those carried by a sailing vessel. Shu carries a fore staysail and jip, aud her bowsprit aud head booms nave no stove. She has two largo qnarter boats and ono hanging at the stern. She carries topgallant sails, and has seven feet royal pole without stays. Her courses aro deep, ( particularly tho mainsail) and her top. sails look as if they havo a reef in them, being short. Sho carries no guns on her spar deck, and her pivot gun being nearly in tho nii'h lie of the ship, it cannot be used in chasing without yawning tho ship six points. Any smart bailing vessel can run away from heron an easy bowline, for on a wind under sail she utti do nothing of consequence, and sho cannot carry her sail on that course without its shaking or getting aback. The range of her longest gun is only l, (KM) yards at high elevation, and sho could not hit anything at a gctaler distance than 1,.100 yard.-1, nnd sho could not carry her porta out with a heavy sea on. Somk one has beautifully said: "Tho water that flows from a spring does not congeal in win ter, and those sentiments offrictulship which flow he heart cannot be frozen by adversity"