4
aid in my power ia pursuing tlie Invest!
gution.
THE POST OFflCS DgrARTMENT.
. The Post Office Department occupies
position very different from that of the oth
cr department. For many yenrs it was
the policy of tho government to render this
a scir-sustaining uepannieni; una u u
cannot now be accomplished, iu tho present
condition of the country, we ought to make
as near an approach to it at niuy bo prac
tlcaulo.
The Postmaster General is placed in
most enibamnwing position by the exiting
laws, lie Is obliged to carry these into ef
fect. Tie has no other alternative. lie
finds, however, that this cannot be don
without heavy demands upon the treasury
over and above what is received for Kst-
agc; and these have bceu progressively Hi'
creasing from year to venr until tin
amounted for the Inst fiscal year ending on
the 80th June, 1858, to more tliun four
millions aud a luilf of dollars; while it Is cs
tiuiated thut for tho present flseul year,
they will amount to t,290,000. These
sums are exclusive of tho annual aimronria
tion of $700,000 for "compensation for
the small service performed for the tw
houses of ConirrufS and the other depart
nicnts and offices of tho government iu the
transportation of free matter."
The cause of tlicsn lnriro deficits is main'
ly attributable to tho increased excuse of
transporting the main, in Irb'l tlie sum
paid for tliis service tva but a fraction
above four millions and a quarter. Since
that year it has annually increased until iu
185 it lias reached more than eight m:
lions and a quarter; and for the service of
1859, it is estimated that it will amount to
more than ten millions of dollars.
The receipts of the Post Ofliec Depart
ment can he made to approach or to equal
its expenditure, only by means of the legis
lation of Congress, in applying any rem
edy, care should be taken that the jx-ople
shall not be deprived of the advantage
which they are fuirly entitled to enjoy from
the i'ost Ullice Department, lhe princi
pal remedies recommended to the consider
ation of Congress by the l'ostmastcr Uen
crul. are to rcstoro tho former rate of
postage upon single letters to five cents; to
substitute for the franking privilege tlie de
livery to those now entitled to enjoy it, of
post office stamps for their correspondence,
and to direct tho department, in making
contracts for the transportation or the mui
to confine itself to the payment of tlie sum
necessary for this single purpose, without
requiring it to be transported in post
coaches or carriages of any description.
Under the present system, the excise to
the Government is greatly increased, by re
quiring that the moil shall be curried in
such vehicles as will accommodate passes
gen. This will be done without pay from
the Dcpartmeut, over all roads where the
travel will remunerate tho contractors.
These recommendations deserve the grave
consideration of Congress.
CENTRAL AMERICAN AFFAIRS.
lhe political condition of tho narrow
isthmus of Central America, through which
transit routes pass, between the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans, presents a subject of
deep interest to all commercial nations. It
is over these transits that a large propor
tion or the trade ana travel between the
European and Asiatic continents is destined
to pass. To tho United States these
routes are of incalculable importance as a
means of communication between their
Atlantic and Pacific possessions. Tho
latter now extend throughout seven
teen degrees of latitude on tho Pacific
coast, embraciug the important State
of California and tho flourishing Ter
ritories of Washington and Oregon. All
commercial nations, therefore, have a deep
and direct interest that tlieso communica
tions shall be rendered secure from inter
ruption. If an arm of the sea, connecting
the two oceans, penetrated through io
nragua and Costa Rica, it could not be
pretended that these States would have
the right to arrest or retard its navigation,
to the injury of other nations.
TUG NICUUGUAN TRANSIT.
The transit by land over this narrow
isthmus, occupies nearly tlie same position.
It is a highway in which they themselves
have little interest when compared with the
vast interests of the rest of tho world.
Whilst their rights of govcre'gnty ought to
be respected, it is thu duly of other nations
to require, that the important passage shall
not be interrupted by tlie civil wars and
revolutionary outbreaks, which have so fre
quently occurred in that region. Tlie
stake is too important, to bo left at the
mercy of rival companies, claiming to hold
conflicting contracts with Nicaragua. Tlie
commerce of other nations is not to stand
still and await tlie adjustment of such petty
controversies. The government of the
United States expert no more than this,
and they will not be satisfied with less.
They would not, if they could, derive any
advantugo from the Nicaragua transit, not
common to the rest of the world. Its neu
trality and protection, for the common use
of all nations, is their only object. They
have no objection that Nicaragua shall de
mand and receive a fair compensation from
tlie companies and individuals who may
traverse tho route; but they insist that it
shall never hereafter be closeed by any ar
bitrary decree of that government. If dis
putes arise between it and those with whom
they may have entered into contracts, these
must be adjusted by some fair tribunal pro
vided for the purpose, and the route must
not be closed pending the controversy.
This is our whole policy, aud it cannot fail
to be acceptable to other nations.
All these difficulties might be avoided, if,
consistently with tlie good faith of Nicara
gua, tho use of this transit could be thrown
ojicn to general competition; providing at
the same time for the payment of a reason
able rate to the Nicaraguan Oovcrunieut,
on passengers and freight.
In August, 1852, the Accessory Transit
Company made its first iuteroceauic trip
over the Nicaraguan route, and continued
in successful operation, with great advan
tage to the public, until tho 18th of Febru
ary, 1356, when it was closed, and the
grant to this company, as well as its char
ter, were summarily and arbitrarily revoked
by the government of President Rivas.
Previous to this date, however, in 1854,
gerioa disputes concerning the settlement
of their accounts Lad arisen between the
Company and the government, threatening
the interruption of the route at any moment.
These the United States in vuin endeav
ored to compose. It would be useless to
narrate the various proceedings which took
place between the parties, np till tlx time
when tho transit was discontinued. Suffice
it to say, that, since February, 1850, it hoi
remained vloxcu, greatly to tho preludio
of citizens of the United Stutei. Since
that time the comctitloii has ceased be
tween the rival routes of Panama and Mc
ragua, and in consequence thereof, an un
Just and unreasonable amount has been ex
acted from our citizens for their passage to
and from California.
A treaty wus signed on the lCth day of
, i r t .1 a ...... ..f L'i..t.
OVemcr, IBOl, ny me orcruuiry ui owiv
and Minister of Nicaragua under tho stipu
lations of which tho use and protection of
the transit route would have been secured,
not only to the United Stutos, but equally
to all other nations. How and by what pre
texts this treaty has failed to receive the
ratification of the Niearnguan government,
will appear by the painr herewith coiuinu
nicntcd from tho State Department. The
principal objection seems to have lwen to
tho provision authorizing the United States
to employ force to keep the routo 0en, in
enso Nicaragua should tail to perioral lie
duly in this respect. From the feebleness
of that republic, its frequent changes of
government, and its constant Internal dis
sensions, tins find become a most important
stipulation, and one essentially necessary
not only fur tlie security of tlie route, but
for tho safety of American citizens passing
and repassing to and from our Pacific pos
sessions. Were such a stipulation cm
bract d in a treaty between tho Unite
Slates and Nicaragua, tho knowledge of
this a t would of itself most prohal ly pro
ve nt hostile partus from committing ag-
gre son on the route, and render our actual
interference nnnecessary.
Tho executive government of this conn'
trv, in its intercourse with foreign nations.
is limited to the employment of diplomacy
alone. When this fails, it con proceed no
further. It cannot legitimately resort to
force, without the direct authority or ton
grcss, except in resisting and rejielling hos-
tilo attacks. It would have no authority
to enter the territories of Nicaragua, even
to prevent the destruction of the transit,
and protect the lives and property of our
.. ,1 A ! - A
citizens on iiicir passage, n is true, una
on n sudden emergency of this character.
the President would direct any armed force
in tlie vicinity to march to their relief: but
in doing tins ho would net on bis own re
sponsibility.
under these circumstances, I earnestly
recommend to Congress, the pjssnge of an
act authoiizmg the I res dent, under sued
restrictions as they may deem proper, to
employ the lund and naval forces of the
United States in preventing the transit
from being obstructed or closed by lawless
violence, and in protecting the lives and
property of American citizens traveling
thereupon, requiring at tho same time that
these forces shall be withdrawn the moment
the danger shall hare passed away. With'
out such a provision, our citizens will be
constantly exposed to interruption in their
progress, and to lawless violence.
TUE PANAMA AND TEIR'ANTF. PEC ROCTES.
A similar necessity exists for the passage
of such an act, for the protection of tlie
,'nnamn and leliuantcpec routes.
In reference to the Panama route, the
United States, by their existing treaty with
New Grannda, expressly guarantee the
neutrality of tho Isthmus, " with the view
t'tat the free transit from the one to the
other sea may not bo interrupted or embar
rassed iu any future time while this treaty
exists."
In regard to the Tehuantepec route,
which has been recently opened under the
most favorable auspices, onr treaty with
Mexico, of tho 30th December, 1853, se
cures to the citizens of the United States a
right of transit over it for their persons
and merchandise, and stipulates that net'
ther government shall " interpose any ob
stacle" thereto. It also concedes to the
United States the "right to transport
ncro.'8 the isthmus, in closed bags, the
mails of tlie United States not intended for
distribution along the line of the communi
cation; nlo the effects of the United States
government and its citizens which may bo
intended for transit and not for distribution
on tho Isthmus, free of custom-house or
other charges by the Mexican government."
Tho treaty stipulations with Jscw
Granada and Mexico, in addition to the
considerations applicable to the Nicaragua
route seem to require legislation for the
purpose of carrying them into effect.
THE KICARAGUAN AND COSTA RICA OUTRAGES.
The injuries which have been inflicted
upon our citizens in Costa Rica and Nica-
itgun during the lust two or three years
have received the prompt attention of this
government. Some' of these injur.es were
of the most aggravated character. The
transaction nt Virgin Buy, in April, 1856,
when a party of unarmed Americans, who
were in no way connected witli any bellig
erent conduct or party, were hred upon by
the troops of Costa Rica, and numbers of
them killed and wounded, was brought to
the knowledge of Congress by my prede
cessor soon after its occurrence, and was
also presented to the government of Costa
Hica, for that immediate investigation and
redress which the nature of the case de
manded. A similar course wus pursued
itli reference to other outrages in these
countries, some of which were hardly less
ggrnvatcd in their character than the
transaction at Virgin Bay. At the time,
however, when onr present minister to Nic
aragua was appointed, in Dcccmlicr, 1857,
no redress had been obtained for any of
these wrongs, and no reply even had been
received to tlie demands which had been
made by this government on that of Costa
Rica, more than a year before. Our min
ister was instructed, therefore, to lose no
time in expressing to these governments the
deep regret with which the President had
witnessed this inattention to the just claims
of the United States, and in demanding
their prompt and satisfactory adjustment.
Unless this demand shall be complied with
at an early day, it will only remain for this
government to adopt such other measures
as may be necessary, in order to obtain for
itseir that justice which it has in vain at
tempted to secure from the governments of
Niearagna and Costa Rica. While it has
shown, and will continue to show, the most
sincere regard for the rights and honor of
these republics, it cannot permit this regard
to be met by an nttcr neglect on their part
of what is due to the government and citi
zens of the United States. -
001 ktLATION. WITH CHINA. j
I har occasion also to congratulate yoa m the
result of our negotiations a i'li China.
Yoa vert informed by my last annual meant
tint oar minister In i been instructed la occupy a
neutral portion ia th bortiliti conducted by
Great Uritiaa and FnacfiotCaaia, H
was, however, al lb Mint lima, directed la ee op.
em ourdially wilb Ilia Brilih aud French minia
ter, In all peaceful measure sscur by IreatV
ilu hoi annetauMia to foreign commerce, which
tlie nmiofli of th world bad a rlfhl to demand. It
wai imibl for ni to proceed further than ihia,
on my authority, without usurping lhe war
making power, which under lb Constitution be
lone delusively to Congress.
lii-Mtli i, aller a careful riamlnallon of lb na
turn and (slant of our grievances, I did not belief
they were of such a pressing ami aggravated cnar
sctcr, as would have justified Congress in deelar.
Ins war again Ilia Chinese empire, without Aral
mak n another enineet attempt I adjust them by
peaceful negotiation. I waa the more Inclined lo
this opinion because of th sever c hetienieiit
which had then but recently bten inhVu-4 upon
the Culms by our squadron In th enptur ami
destruction of the Harrier fori, lo avenge an ai
legnl insult Iu our Dug.
Th renl baa proved th wisdom of sur neu
tralily. Our miniir has eiecuted hi iusiruoiiona
with rm'nenl skill and ability. In conjunction
with th Kusamn plenipotentiary, he has pravernliy
but eflcotually ao-operalcd with th English and
French plen potentiaries) nnd each of the four
powers has concluded a separate Irrnly with China,
ut a liiKluy MUluciory character. I n in-aty
concluded by our own plenipotentiary will imin
dislely be subm.ltsJ to the Senate.
Ollk HI.4TIO.NS WITH JAM".
I am happy to announce that, through lhe en
c roc tie. vet conciliatory. elF-rta of our consul Ken
rral in Japan, a new treaty Has been concluded
with thai emp re, wli.cb may be expected maleri
ally lo augnii nt our trad and intercourse In that
fi ar:er, and remove rroin our oounirj men in 'Us
abilities which have heretofore been imposed upon
lhe ru rvise of their rcliaieu. l b treaty shall b
submitted to th senate for approval without delay
OVa BSLATIuN. WITH OaiT I.IT.AN,
It is my earnest desire Ihnt every misunderstand
ins wild lli sovt-rnmeut of Great ISrilian. should
b amicably aud speedily adjusted. It has born
tho misfortun of both cnunlrka, ajmost ever line
lhe period ol lhe revolution, lo nave been annoyed
by a succession of Irnla mg and dangerous qui
lions, threatening their friendly relations. Toil
hat partially prevented lhe full development of
tbose reeling or mutual friendship between ill
people of the two countries, so natural ill themselves
and conducive to llieir common interest. Any
serious Interruption of the commerce between th
United Suite and ureal Britain, would be equally
injurious to both. In fuel, no two nations bav
ever ex'sled on th foe of lit earth, whiuh could
do each oihcr so much good or so much harm.
Knleiiaininc these sentiments, am gratified to
inform you, that the long-pending controversy be
twetn lhe two governments, in relation lo lit
question of visitation ami search, has txen om'ca
bly adjuated. The claim on tho port of Ureal
Hrilniii, forcibly lo visit American vowel on lb
high seas in 1 me of peate, could not be sustained
under uie law ofnat.ons, nnd it had been overruled
by her own rivatt imiiient jurists. This question
wus recently brought lo an issue, by lbs rviiealed
acts of Hrilinh cru sen, in boarding nnd searching
our merchant vessels in th Gulf of Mexico and
the adjacent seas. These avis were the more in
jurious and innoj ing, as these waters are traversed
bv a kir'.'e portion o. tlie commerce ami nuv gallon
of the foiled Stutea. eiuch vexatious interruptions
oould not fail to unite lhe feelings of the country,
and lo require Hi interposition ol the government.
.cnwiiilrunces weie addressed lo the Urilirh gov
ernment against these violations of our rights of
sovereignty, and a naval foroo was at lit aume
time ordired to the U.ban waters, with direction!
"lo protect all vessels of th United Slates oil to
high seas, from search or detention by lb vessela
of war of any other nation. I lies measure re
ceived Ilia unqualified and even nthnsiutie ap
probation cf lhe American people. Most fortun
ately, however, no collision look place, and the
British government promptly avowed its recogni
tion of the principles of international law upon this
subject, as laid down by lhe government or tho
United Slates, in Hie note of the Secretary or
Slate to the britinh minister at Washington, of
April 10, 1858, whiuh secures the veweis of the
United Stales upon th h'gli seaa from visitation or
search in time of peace, under any circumstances
whatever.
Th e'aim lias been abandoned in a manner re
flecting honor on the liilish government, and
evincing a just regard for the law of nations, and
cannot fail lo strengthen the amicable relations be
tween the Iwo cuun ries.
The llritish government, at the sam tune, pro
posed to the L'uited States that some mode should
be adopled, by mutual arrangement between the
two courtries, of a character which may be found
effective without bein.gr oflsnsive, for verifying lb
nationality of vesseli suspected en good grounds of
carrying fulse colors. They have also invitsd the
I lined Stales to bike th imtative nnd propose
rmasures fur this purpose. Whilst declining to as
sume so gravu a respoin-ibility, the St-cretury of
btute hus informed lhe ItrilMh government that
we are ready to receive any proposals which they
may feel disposed to offer, having this object in
lew, and to consider them in an umiciiu.e spirit.
A strong opinion is, however, expressed, that the
occasional abuse of lhe flag of any nation ia an
evil far less to be deprecated than would be the
establishment of any regulations wh'ch might be
ineomi a ible with the freedom of the reaa. This
covernnieiit has vet received no communication
specifying the munner in which lhe ISrilish gov
ernment would propose to catry oul llieir sujjjei-
tion, nud 1 am inclined to uelievo, that no plan
which can be devised will be fiee from grave ein
birrnaments. Still, 1 shall form no decided opin
ion on the subject, until I shall have carefully, and
in the best spirit examined uny proposals which
they miy thiuk proper to make.
I um truly sorry I cannot also Inform you that
the compliciiiions between Great Jirhuin and the
UlitUd Slaiea, aria ng out of the Clayton and uul-
er treaty of April, ISjU, have been liually ad
justed.
At the commencement of your Inst session, 1
had reason Ui hope that, emancipating themselves
from further unavailing discusxions, Uie two gov
ernments would proceed to settle Central Ameri
can questions in a pruolical manner, alike honora
ble aud satisfactory lo both: and this hope I have
not yet abandoned. In my last annual messace, I
atated that overture had been made by lhe Brit
ish Government for this purpose, in a fr.eudly
pint, which I cordially reciprocated, lheir pro
poeal was, lo withdraw these questions from direct
negotiation between the iwo governments; but to
accomplish the same object, by a negotiation oe
twecu thu British government nnd each of the
Central American republics whose territorial inter
ests are immediately imp oved. The settlement
was to be made in accordance with the general
tenor or the Interpretation placed upon the Clayton
nd liulwer treaty by lhe United States, with cer
tain modifications. As negotiations are still pending
upon Ihia baaia, it would not bo proper fur me now
lo communicate their present condition. A mini
settlement of theae questions is greatly to be de
sired, as this would wipe out the last remaining
subject of disput between th two countrie.
rasNci and avssu.
Our relation with th ereat empire of France
and Kussia, a well as with all other governments
on the continent of Europe, excpt that of Spain,
continue I be of lhe mat fhandly character.
w. L. adams, idito and raorniToa.
osxooxf ciTir :
SATURDAY, JANUARY 15, 1859.
Zfttice.
There will b meeting of th Territorial Re
publican Ceutral Committee at Oaioon Cm, Jan-
nary 20, at on o'clock r. at., to altsnd lo such bus-
as legitimately pertain lo the duties of laid
Commilte.
Vf. T. MATLOCK,
CMtrataa Kef. Com.
Seat or Government. The bill which
passed the lower house of the Legislature
submitting the location of the scat of Gov
ernment to the people, was taken to the
Council, where it waa attempted to be
ameuded by locating it at Portland. The
Council failed to agree on Portland, Ore
gon tut J, ot any other place, and whether
the original bill submitting it to the people
will pas the Council or not li quite un
certain.
lav rrautMtai
We print to-day bill which wu before
the Legislature lust Monday for the pro
tection of slave property In Oregon, as also
the report ol TVsult and Chapman, a mi
nority of the Judiciary Committee to which
the bill bad been referred. The ' report1
says that it comet from the " undersigned
to riom" the bill was referred. When tho
rciiort wai read in the House last Monday,
Mr. Smith of Polk offered a resolution call
Ing on the majority of the Judiciary Com'
mittee to report. The resolution was ad'
opted after a good deal of discussion
While Chapman and TVault heartily ap
proved of legislation protecting slave prop
erty, as In harmony with the decision of the
Supremo Court and tho principles of the
Democratic party, some of the meniliers
seemed to bo considerably flubbcrgastcd
upon a presentation of the whole matter,
and looked anxiously aronnd to see if there
wasn't a squatter-sovereign loopholo for
them to crawl out at. It seemed to them
rather too sudden au order from headquar
ters to doff the old Democratic robe, which
while it had many broad black stripes down
it, it nevertheless boasted a few white ones,
on which ' popular sovereignty,' ' the ma'
jority rule Slc, were printed in largo gilt
letters, and don a robe drippin.tr from a
thorough immersion in the nigger dye-tub,
and of course black all over. They seemed
to have a sneaking idea that such legisla
tion would bo somewhat against the wishes
of an overwhelming majority of the people,
who had already spoken their will at the
polls. Their throats hadn't yet got entire
ly well from vociferously bawling Into the
cars of their constituents that the people of
even a Territory were sovereigns over their
own domestic institutions, and that the
Democratic party train t a Southern, sec
tional, slave-breeding party that the pco.
pie of Oregon had decided aguinst slavery,
and the Democratic party considered the
nigger question settled aud satisfactorily
disposed of by a fair vote, and that the
party deprecated, leriouily deprecated, all
agitation on this subject, and if there was
any more agitation it would bo the fault of
the ' black republicans.'
To reconcile their past conduct with the
line of policy T'Yault and Chapman now
called on them to pursue, needed time and
reflection, and we were not surprised Inst
Monday to notice a general want of prep
aration on the part of a few ' Democrats'
to face the music till they had further cogi
tated and perhaps counseled with knowing
Democrats who hod already climbed the
Douglas horn as to whether such legislation
was in harmony with both Buchanan and
Douglas democracy, and, if not, what was
the difference, and which side they must
take. Chapman, who has hitherto been a
Free Slate Democrat, bat who, like all
old liue Whigs' who have apostatized, is
willing to go with the Democratic party
where it goes, lie where it lies, and if it
makes its bed in hell, behold he will be
there, stood boldly np alongside of TVault
in swallowing his portion of dirt and in
scourging the faithful up to the rack. As
he and T'Yault stood npou the very brink
of the seething caldron.of black democracy,
pointing with one hand to tho depth of
slave protection, unddrwhich lny the lower
deep of nationalizing slavery by trampling
Free State constitutions under foot and
reviving the sluvo trade, and with the other
scourging tho bare backs of the trembling
doughfaces that sat squatting around the
abyss and peering into its dark depths to
see if there was any bottom which would
bring them up on a permanent democratic
platform that would stop 'progressing
downward, it was really amusing to us to
see their eyeballs rolling, first down into
tho abyss and then hither and thither, to
see if the Douglas and Buchanan 1 split' or
some other split didn't afford a crack big
enough for them to crawl through without
either sacrificing their standing with the
' party' or taking the fatal leap that their
masters told them they. must. One poor
fellow wasn't posted on the nigger question,
and hadn't read the 'Judge Scott decision'
closely enough to know what the Judge
had really imposed upon a Democrat as
essential articles of faith, while another
thought Douglas's, not ions of the legitimacy
and unconstitutionality of 1 unfriendly legis
lation in Territories in regard to slavery'
might be harmonized with the 1 Dreadful
Scott decision' and the Cincinnati and Sa
lem platforms. Another, while he knew
bnt little about the ' Dreadful Scott decis-
ion,' or the decision of ' Jeems Bew-kennen,'
did know something about the ' decision' of
the people of Oregon, and intimated his de
sire to act in accordance with that ' decis
ion,' if he could do so without being read
out of the party.
But no Chapman was inexorable. He
pointed downward into the yawning abyss,
and told-the nn washed they must make the
fatal leap as the Court bad decided, and
the party had decided that such was de
mocracy, and tbey mutt all pile in together.
The old grey-headed veteran, after he bad
fairly exhausted himself by explaining what
was Democratic daty, and by manfully
wielding the Democratic scourge, finally
fell to coaxing and then to frightening the
faithful. He first appealed to their sense
of duty as loyal Democrats, and then told
them that if they voted against protecting
slavery here, they would be acting with the
Republicans, for they would rote against
the bill in a solid body. Here we noticed j
a slight giving way about the kneei of scv.
crul who bad acted rather sullen before,
and from the Influence the argument seemed
to hare we should not be surprised If
Chapman and TVault should peg away at
it till they get their bill through the House,
It hus, we learn, passed tho Council since
we left, and the people may not be very
much surprised to hear that our Democratic
Legislature has passed a law virtually mut
httr this a slavo State in defiance of the
will of the people. If the State It ad
mitted this winter, it will no doubt be done
by a Congressional act legalizing the Ter
ritorial enactments of this winter.
Siinzwo. The central committee of tho
Sulem sectional Democracy met at the seat
of government lust Saturday, and cailed a
Territorial (or Stute, as the caso may be)
convention to uomitiato a candidate for
Congress, April 20. Putting off the con
veution till this lute date was designed to
secure three things give Lane full timo to
get back, put tho convention so far ahead
that the softs would wait tho action of the
hard convention till it was too late to or
irauize. and shorten the time for the canvass
as much as possible. They are dreading
the effecis of a thorough, scurching can'
vass, and look to a lengthening out of the
days of the corrupt dynasty by keeping the
people as much In the dark as possible.
The result of thorough stumping East has
taught the sectionnlisls a lesson in Oregon.
Of course the action of the convention, so
fur as it relates to Lane's benefit, was con
sidered a triumph of V Vault's faction.
PnKsiDENTiAL. Delozon Smith in a let
ter published in the last Times, says, in
speaking of Jo Lane, ' All classes speak en'
couragingly of him in connection with the
next Presidency.' We think Dilazon ouly
meant to say that all gruJt of tho lower
'class' with whom he lias associated speak
of Jo's prospect for the Presidency. Jo
Lane has often been spoken ' encouragingly
of by this class in connection with a bottle
of whisky, and we see no reason why the
1 Presidency' may not have sometimes been
made a topic of conversation.
JTxw Paper. We have seen the pros
pectus of a paper to be started at Corrallis
to be called ' Equal Rights.' It proposes
to advocate ' trv democracy.' Of course
no honest man would udvocito what he be
lieved to be fahe democracy but we can
not gather from the prospectus whether
the 1 true standard of democracy with it
will be that of Jefferson, Buchanan, Doug
las, Jeff. Davis, Hammond, or (to get
down from the lofty to the ridiculous) Bush
or Avery, or even whether it is to be pro-
slavery or anti-slavery, or a happy mixture
of the two, or neither.
TcurERANct. We judge thut the peti
tions numerously signed and praying tlie
Legislature to submit a prohibitory law to
the people, will meet with but little favor
from tliis Legislature,
HSf We are indebted to Mr, Hoyt,
Clerk of the steamer Express, for late San
Francisco papers by the Pacific,
Washing Fluid. A friend sends in the
following receipt, requesting its publication s
Cut np fine eight pounds bar soap, put in
two ounces of Lornx, and add to this ten
pounds of sal soda dissolved in two gallons
of water, and heat to a boil, ttirring it
well. When all dissolved, add eighteen
gallons of water, and stir it thoroughly;
then set it off, and when it cools it is ready
for use.
Ardent. Mr. Leland, the old editor of
the Standard, has always cherished a kind
ly feeling toward tho paper since the time
that he was ousted as editor. Tho feeling
has continued to grow upon him until it be
came evident that fatal consequences must
result from it. . We are happy to say, how
ever, that, instead of injuring him, the
strength of his 1 attachment' has only killed
the Standard,
I6T The following was not received at
the office till last Saturday night:
Portland, Jan'y 4th, 1859.
Mr. Adams: Will you please to state in
your next number that the publication of
tlie "Democratic standard" will be sus
pended until further notice.
Respectfully,
J as. O'Meara.
Bethel, Jan. 3, 1859.
Mr. Adams: A sad accident occurred
here last Christmas morning. Henry C.
Pigg was mortally injured in bursting a log
open with powder. A large piece struck
him on the head, breaking the skull. We
trepanned the skull, and did everything
possible to save him, but he expired New
Year's morning. Yours,
Truman Bonnet.
rnart at I Jlelavy I'deallte
ttlav FelUton.
Mr. Speaker: The undersigned members
of the Judiciary Committee to whom was
referred the petitions of sundry citizens of
Oregon upon the subject or passing a law
for the protection of slave property in said
Territory, have had tlie same under consid
eration and respectfully report:
That it is our opinion that the spirit of
the Constitution of the United States, as
pronounced by the Supreme Court in the
Dred Scott case, authorizes the holding of
slaves in any of the Territories of the Uni-
toA CtnfAB. that th fnnctlrntlmi Anem nnf
authorize Congress to legislate slavery into
or out of a territory, but protects a citizen
of any of the United States who may think
proper to locate m a territory in the f os
session and use of any property he may be
possessed of which is recognized as property
by the constitution and laws of the State
from which he may migrate.
We believe that while a territory remain
as a territory that It Is . iZTr5
crty of a slavoholding Sute ,.
nou-ilaveholding State and ,h..
ten. of a .lveLdi7sui
const tutioual right to convey thS J"
to said territory, and use 2 8S.!5
be protected in their rights, ,, ft
of a non-slareholdlng State has th.
to convey any chatuf propert, "b, !, ft
possessed of to said tcrri torv and f W
Uvtcdinhisrightto
WedonotWievethattWrTH
gMutlng for a territory, Mjl".
tional right to decide SVS"
shall locate in a territory, Dt what k EE!
property they .hl be pK!
we believe that any power can U ,&
byCongrt,. toLrr;.UL
that is not possessed by ConpLf.
fore.tl.o Territorial W.laiuKij1
I. bit slavery In the TcrritffC
rlor cannot exercise power, thai
granted to tho superior
u e uo ucitcve that when Congr iu.
organize a territorial wlF
ing to the people the right to forf,E
'1st for
Condi.
ttOM i
ineir respective territories, that th. nl.?
tutiouo theUuiWSta
the iuhuhitutits of such territor. T? ?
too .... .....turns ot such territory tli. rUt
to legislate and regulate
any pewon shall have his property mrW
ed, and he shall obtain the
control or such property, be t
slave or anv other chattel property. "
Although your committee has not U
the time and opportunity to Investigate thk
subject a, Its importance reqair
are decidedly of opinion that the fij
hasty conclusmns are fully warranted 5
the Cons itution and its legal eonstrrjctio?
and beg leave to report the following M
ror tno protection of slava titYii wt4 ar 7- Al
Territory of Oregon, and Wommedd i2
passage,
A Bill tl frtfet ftroftrly j sini, in , f
SrcrieNl. II. li,lW,d fc, tWljUpi-
numbly f the Territory of Ui. nTTlT.
pei-son r reruns, who ,., htv, W
thi. T.rr.lory, and owning propert, ntaeh
according lu the eomtltuiiun or ih. i:.;, tu..
a. construed by the aupeine eoart in Hi. 'nZl
Svotlca..." .hall hsvs all th ilfhuaad r..!!.
in II.. several courts of thl, T.rritory, aniens
allowed fr the protection and rcociv f ant
oil r personal properly of lilt vskis. .
ia S. Evert uersou who shall kn.'..t-1.1-
h irbor, or employ any .live, brought iste IbV TnZ
lory, wnhoul lh content f ih owner, shall I
felt inrl pay fiv a dollar, lo the iwnw fe. .. J..
such slav shall be hired, harbored, or emuleyrd W
him Iu bo recovered by aclioe of debt. 7
Sec. 3. Slaves sha'l be ruled sad assessed
th owner thereof as nny other prawns) srupsrly.
Stc. 4. Any master, nrmnitrider of owner of
any boat or veseul win. thill Ihmim ... .1...
out of this Terr lory, ia tick vssie!, or from eae
point or place in this Territorv, to any ether aoial
or pluce in the same, in such vsskI. without the
eon ent or p.-rm;tioii of the person lo whom neh
slav dors of rijelM belong, or wh ha. authority I
gr ml sueh consent or p.i mission, shall fsrlsii asd
pay the value of such klnve t his ownsr, lo b r
covrlcd by aetiun of debt without oiehidita lo ids
right of such owner lo hi action at eeminen law.
Sac. 5. Every boat or vetsel uitd in nnrlptisf
Ih water, of thi. Territory, whose mir.sr or ewa
er shall vlotfe th preceding arciion shall bs lis.
b'o lo the Mine entent that sueh muler. ewasrsr
cnmniandrr is, nnd such bout or vessel may be pn'
cm led againat for the recovery sfiueh liability. ',
ZsXA&atZSDt
lu C'urriilll., January 13, 1859. to Rr, D. L
Blaine, Mr. Ils.vav C. Hill, ol l'uniaad, 1 Ms
Sarah V. Kuni, of Corrallis. ,.,
Un I hnstinus dny, al the reiMe.ee ef Strnsrl
Brown, Ouch Prairie, by Rev. T. II. Small, Mi,
A 1.' 1 . ... .... . n 1 .
At the aume lime and Bluer, by Ih . Ib
John Smith fc Mm IIanxah J. Stcwa?.
Dec. 50. lS.VJ, by the mm, at lhe rsdraeiof
Rev. Ncill Johnson, Mr. Rriin A, Jacb to Mia
Albknia A. Johnson. , '
XZBZ:
At t'unemah,nn9unday moraine, Jan. t. 1S59
Mr. Lvoia Fours, wife of Wm futile, Ext,, ia
lhe -ICih year of her ago, after a Hlueaa of ner
than a year, ' '
SfaeriTa Bait.
"VTOTICE is hereby given that ia ohi-diene M
JJl a certain csecutiou issued eat of lhe U.striet
Court for tin Second Judicial District of the Ter
ritory of Oregon, in farer of Win. Armories!
against George Uroom, Sir lhe nm of en hu
dred nnd forty-nine dollars and nineteen t
and accruing cost. ($149.1!)), to me dinotsd,
commanding me to sell all of the right, tide, and
interest of Ucorge (Jrooin in and to the folluwiof
described attached properly, to wiUThe aor
hall' of lhe following deser.bed land claim, Is will
Iho west half of the west half of see. Iweuty-a.
(2G), and the north half of sec twenty-seven (S17j,
-lot th. K half of lhe south-east Quarter f sr.
twenty-seven (27), and lhe N. W. qu.rter f Ik
south-east quarter of see. twenty-seren, aad U
N. E. quarter of th south-weal qusrler of ecM
iwenty-fcyen (27), all being in Township (re
(5) south of range on (1) east, aitual ia Claeu-
u.U .uU Iska nke SB tb Jl
I I.U. ..Villi., ib.h m.w - - I , .
day of Jmiuary, J&59, at S Vlock ?. ;
ay. at lhe court Iiuum oaor in urrra .. ;
Jan. 8, 1859-39 Sheriff CUchmtiCt.
IN PROBATE COUKT,JANVARYTXU
Order tor Appearance, '
WILLIAM ARMrKIEST, M"'"-?--tl,e
eslat of J. E. Taylor, drceaisd, h
filed his petition in th rrobiitr court for Co"
rmie county, O.T., praying for an
real property belonging to said eet. "TT,
t 1 I .11 naranna InlnlMtsd "
Ut appear before the Probate court of CI""
conn.y 00 Tnesday the 8th day of ebruary, POT.
and show cam, if any they hare, why a rJ
.houlduotbfrantd lo th adunarH
real properly belengiag I la " rr
deceased lo pay (he debut and M""
lal. ROBERT VAVlu 1
Jan. 8, J859-39w3 Judge f fto-
faJe oficboollVaO'l
I 1 1 oruer 01 lite uwm . M
1) en for Yamhill oouulv, I "'.rv.r" '
t V order of the Board ol Csunty
Hi highest bidder nt th Un "7-ZZ,U
tie, on MONDAY lh I day '
all th Common School Uad " jJT
eripiiou can be obtained fr.," 'f. M
lying iusaid county. Sal w "J
hour, of l.n a M. and four " ,
y to day uuiil all i offered. . fa
Tiawili land, will b. .old V
dollars per acre, out third cash a "'' ,
mainiug two thirds to be paid i 1tuZ. waa
chaaen will b required " ' TLh4
approved security drawing lea per
per annum. vro . r
GEO. W. ELMEfc
SupHfCw"V
Jan. 1, 1859-3Bw5 ;
rom (Try
a 0 & a A 1 ot
ANNUALS, AhVVM?. .
W sfks, .tc from 12) cnW
1. .W.-r.n.j- , ,
Orgarrly,Pe-B- v---