VfHE; OREGON' AKGUS, i' "J -tvimnto evaar iatuioat moinmo, ' ' ' 1 BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS. rut. i ITKR3-TU Asaue ir7 It farnhUi at n-.-Tr 0-Urti Fifty Ctnti itr annum, in M4onet, t tintU nlntriltnTkfi Dalluri ' , ic I Wilis a( am Jiciiit advnncl "Who Iht moat ii not paid in iiloanri, four ' Pillar 'tf it thtrfti if paid uiliiin lit and Fin dallnraattht tmltfthi jmr. fW. J DiMwt fur lit month Nt nitcrip . . , (ittt rittittd Jar Uti ptriod. tJf.Sa piper ditcanlinard until all arrtnragii ri(J,u '! at thi option of iht puhlUhn. I i : Tb f Walts. kv"nTshouUUlthou fesr llieleeuliful ame Death, Ik Who wnlle the at Ih ported of the klct, -Baaly la kWs away thy etrupglioj breath,' , Krrftaady wiih genii bawl tooln thlu eyett ' - Bow man J a tranquil u1 hat piw.il away, 1 ' 1 ' '' 1" Hail gludly fro: ficrot pain nnd pluaauroa dim, Telhteiernul tplenlnf of Ui d .y j ( ad ruauy a Irpub'cJ beartaiiilcalla fur him. OJprli loo laud for the battlahera : .. .. . n .,, i llara turn J frum Ufe, Ha bo,e, It (bora, ita , eharnw; . , . . . , i And children shuddering at a world o drear1, , " Han smiling pawed away iutu hi arm, '''' lie whom Ih u ferirest will, to e.ite thy pa n, Lay h;t cold hand opon Ihy ach rij he-irt -Will tomht Ihe terror or tho troubled Imrlt, J ii Aad bul Ilia hadp of earth' gicf depirt. I ' 1I will give back what neither l?in, nor might; ' Nor paadonal prayer, nor longing ho; realore, (Pr at to hiug blind eye recover aitfhlil , I. , : 11a will give back thou wlu are guue before.' , hO, what won life, If life were all ! Thin trot - ... Ara blin.led by thair !, ur lli m w.HUdal too !Thy treasure wuitthe in Ilia tut A' skit, . ' ' And palh, thy frirn I. will jr'ivu the n all.lo lliee. rw . .. . ftam'L'stnd and Lvrki. , ,j..l .!' - ' A HuNDtto Tuu Aoo'.-Tlij) TiiLburg Tool, 'illuiting to tho but liiin lie.lih unn'.vcrtaiy of old Tor I)yen, Nor. 23, 1858, e.iyi : Ou hundreil yean aa there wi not a angle white no iu Ohio, Kunlucky, Indi.inn, aud Illi-.UfoXe'n10""-. whit ia nov tho niotl fluilr- Uhing part of America wae at little known aa the aaonatry a'roun l tlie Mountain! uf the Moon. It Vita not until 1769 that the Hunter of Kentucky,' 'the' gallant anj adveiituruut Beoue, lift hit huuie U North Carolina to btuo:uu the firtt tettier or .Kentucky. Thefirat pioneerain Ohiudi.l not ar t Me hntll twenty veart after th'a lime.' A hua .lml jreara ago Cuiiiuk bekniged to France, and Ihe whole population of the United Stake tlid mit ti .need m'llinu and a half of people. - A hundred 'yeara ago the gnat Fre.lerio uf i'moia wui per fonn'ng tlio.c great n)'o'u wh'.cli liuio nude li'iu itnmorlolu military annale, unci with bit little monarchy waa auatuining a tingle-handed contnt Vith Itim!n, Auair'a, nml Frmue the three grt ut ,Powert of Europe comb'ued. A bun Ire J yeura igo(ipvleon woa uot born, an I Washington waa yoaogand mo.leat Virgin's eolonel, and the great 'cvehta in the I Utery of iwu worlila, in wliitli these great but d'taniilar nicu look leading parit, wore Ahan, aearoely forealiadiiwed. A hundred yean kg the Union waa the most loyal part of the Brit bb Empire, and on the floptical horizon no tpeck lujicated ,lhe atruggle which, wilhiu a ceura of yeart tliercafur, ttltblitJieii the gMitett ropubl c of the wotll.' A hundred ye.ira ugo there were Vul four hewspnperi in America, tteiiqi euginei (id out been im g ud, and . r.uI.eaJt aud tl gniplw had uot entered into the re r.o:et concep Itonatif man.- Whenw"l!btne" to liA Kick "hi it through the Vlttn v( lihrtory r find ilmt to the otutury which baa paued hu bean allotted more eaiportautevoiile in their hearn; upon the hnppi Beai of the world tlian utmost any oilier whieh bin elapted tinea the crealiou. . i ... A hundred years hence what will be the (level opmenta It it past findin; out e.rpt in one !hing-sthojghf which astonuilied Xerxet whi n to aloud jlpou Munut Alhae all, with but few oa ceptioni) uow living will be dead." ftlCTtOROkoa'icAI. (NftBlViM ON TUB ATLANTIC Cable. The cable wim routed up to the trMiu tniattun"of worda on the SUlli of October, from aanie eaute, of eunv... On that day, Dr. L. L. Chapman givea the iu licalioiu for tlie elmiigtrt e-leuiiluil pennrbatloni In the mninh la h t Month ly Rainbow, viii ftho; interception1. of an uiiuhuuI anikeiof luoe combined currente to whieh he at tributes1 unutual clceirieul diilui banco. This coin'-c.Tifl-nco aeeina to ahow that the cable operation! art atroiigly oonttolled by thues meluomloieal fcraea whieh Di. Cbap.nan Ima been to many yeatn mrestlgatin, and through which he haa giv en 10' many auriris'ngly verified premonilioua of arthquaktt, atorms, &.o. The fact thut it doea not remain altogether uetire, or inactive, aeema ho ) 'hidicate this. It' this be an, then, it inay bdoMtful whellrer any Atlantic cable enterprise itjovet fully aucceatful withoat tlie pruetioal knowl edge and application of Dr. Chupmnn'a dltcorery. "Tho" opinion that no comfiiunieaUon hot ever pM9eJ'll)rongh, assumed by many, i evidently b tad, (torn the f Ml tliat neither our Prejidenl, nor llwieea, nor the Mayora of New York and LondoitJ would bo accessory to a public uud iioto riouf Ijoax. at would have been the ease iu refrr lo'iheir several messajea, had there been any aaca numaugg n5. - Th Lxtc Hattam wria m i.ibujrt. Gen Saott haa issued a general order' conimending ili gallantry of the- AmiYic'ili iroupi engaped iu'llle nuirietous combata'vitli, the Indians which have eouiund since May, J&V-, Very imporuint f aural bore been gained, nd in .me quartern the IAdlens'hare been compfr.tely subdued. . The bat- tlef hive been very' numerous,' nml,. many brave deeds have been done,- and nuny r nurkab'e r e tdriet iron. Son t lB baules' were fought aa:nst terrible i oddt, ud tome of the ' etrugglea wero.rery acre, re, i " -r 8 tgp-A ahip, canaj rouud Jhe, Falb) of, Niagara, on the American" aiae1, Ft revTve'd,' and a meetii(j was J'ed in Loekport on the i23d of Septembear- Judgn Holmea apa waimly in favor of tin canal. H- thoght it would nlUmatly W 'bnllt. b.aute it waj'neccesaxy to oar commerce.' He (bought' tha Government would sooner give tlie land aeo omry U buihl iin-A.OOO.OOO aer-avw, than rears hence, and thie wat tha time W atrike.' It wit rcnolred to tend a delegation to W'ath'nglon to attend to the aubjeot at lha net aeaa'on uf Con graaa, and to ita importance npoo meinbera. ..': 'TiIma'0 Fast. rt night, after the offit eea on tb Manttio Telegraph line had b.n Cleared of their bosirrret, the open found the lioe to be in OAOellent waking order. Mr. Byron, onrf tba prtors. eonwrael freely withferanna PTr tj.Aiiti b 'mj wrTah . 01 no- few momenta, a eona. c.me.l . be tween ey-fne in the offije h.re Md O4 ' New oELZm aa rapi It-taer they w ttsaruVin lb aae roeji. ou Ji0li,antJarilhoriiii.i his aat, W"" Amm Uu it waa aoerfuiogh l work a V- ec d'ntanee. en l in a CHWW . . lew nMiinti uia ir"? KeW fork e ty en! New Orleant wre taehed ia thieofll and pertone in th uSiea m Wt asraei; aw uttntrerr wer -m wtw aaa ibasB itl tbatrjL Cauita ll"rt, in Ihe Ml . . thmtwh the medium of nearly aereaUen A Weekly Newspaper, devpted Vol. IV." .1 can bo perfoi mail for to lon dit:anet, nu I lli i oilier muai huv bti n uui.'.irni ill o'ighoul llif (auboird porlioa of tl.o ounliy IKjyf (a &la:i$. .. ,1 Senaiou IIauxond's fipEr.cn. Tlte fol lowing front the 'cw York Timei id, In tie main, a fuir summitry of Senator Ilum raond'n recent spcecli at Barnwell, South Curolioat , , (. ...j (,. j ; ... .,. ( , , ", Tito most striking feature of Senator Ilamuiowt't sjiecclt is, tlutt )ie discards en tirely all the absurd ultruisim Ly which the fire-eaters of tho slavejiolding States liaro disgusted the country and hrouht unde served odium upon the South. ;, lie rcpudi ates tho whole pro-slavery , rolity of tho Adininistration. and rejects with contempt i tho, various schemes which are popularly ascribed to, tho Southern State. Tho Kuusas-Xebraaka bill, while it ofunned tho truistn of popular sovereignty and re-enacted the repeal of tho obsolete- Missouri Coin promise, mitled tho South into the delusion thut Kansas could, be; made a slave State, nml thus plunged, tho couutry into a falso and useless issue and cave fresh life und vigor to tho Aboliti6a party.'; Mr. ltnm mond says he thought from the first that the South itself onght to kick' tho Lccomp ton constitution out of Congress, and ho voted for ' it only because the South tlicn held a different opinion'.' Tho submission of that constitution to the popular vote, sooner or later; was perfectly unavoidable, nnd he was not in the least disappointed, dr displeased, that they rejected it nnd refused to come into tins Union upon such terms as were therein prescribed. So much for tlie past. ' , V.Ia regard to t'ac future, he did not' be lieve thnt a majority of the Southern peo ple desired disunion, r looked to it as lie had done in tho early part of his life as essential to tlteir safety. , lie conceded fully that the ascendency of the free States was permanently secured, and thnt it was hope less for the slave States to attempt to reguin it, or even to re-cstall sh tluir equality. The rc-opening of the. slave trado r could never be secured from Congress, nnd would be opposed by a mrjority of the South; be had himself abandoned the idea, though he once entertained it. .JCor can any new ter ritory bo acquired wherein to plant new slave States.'' Slavery can never' succeed In Central America the eight or ten Bul lous' of natives vvho Inhabit that' country can neither be enslaved, exterminated, iior admitted to the rights of citizenslitp-and if those States wcro to come into tho Union at all it would be as free States. To touch them in any woy is to be contaminated.- Nor hnsthe South, any more to hope for from Cuba.' If annexed as slave territory, she would only make two or three slave States, and would not restore the equilibri um of the South, while she would crush out our whole sugar culture, und afford a mar ket for nil the slaves of Kentucky, Mis souri, and Maryland. If her slaves were to be liberated -if, ih popular phrase, Culm were to be ' Africanized' the sugar and cotton culture of Louisiana aud Texas would be immensely benefited thereby1. Under all these circumstances," Mr. Ilam-' mond regards all the, schemes for restoring the ascendency or eqnilibrinm of tho slave States as utterly vitionary. So far as num bers nnd political power are concerned in tho affairs of the Federal Union, the Smith must make np its mind to be and remnin permanently in the minority. And hor Se curity must lie in what he behoves ttf be the impossibility of bringing the Xqrtli to concur permanently in any line of policy that will subvert. 'the Constitution and seri ously damage the South in the Confederacy. He does not believo that this can be done He does not believe thnt the Northern love for the negro will ever induce them to tres pass upou the ''constitutional rights of the Southern State The South has already controlled and decided the policy of the Union in regard to the tariff, Internal 'Im provements, and the United Stales Bank,1 and haa established the pol.cy or slavery, as a domestic institution; not only against the North, but against England and France and tho whole world. And now all that the South has to do to preserve Its rights Is m rnnr;v,nt he North. She must not i throw off her Northern aUies.jtor refuse assent to. the just, aulf fair demands, e Northern people," ' 1 '' ; Capital rcsisHMEXT.VyrI,ile '.Tal. States have made strenuous efforts, of late years to abolish capital pntiishment alto gether, the Legislator of Georgia is now endeavoring to extend this pennlty to other crimes than murder and arson. '. Two bills have been introduced, with iew to mane both night burglary and robbory by font, capital offenses; but each has failed In the Senate. They have, however, been amend ed so as to moke the puuiahment. twenty yean in the Penitentiary, at the discretion of the Court. ; ' - ''-' ' ' 1 ' V- ... , , '! 1 -i " I Hon. Thomas L. Harris,' member of Commas from the Springfield district, Illinois, Eed at Springfield on the 24th of Nor. last -r - -" 1 to the Principles 6f Jefferson iaa ,,OItEGON;CITy, ' OREGON, JANUARY 15, 1859. Docclas and LivcoL. The Jlinsourl Statesman editor, a leading politician of tho ' American' stump, Attended the discussion at Alton between Douglus ami Lincoln, and accompanies a ' report of the speeches with the following sketch of the speakers: " Both of these gentlemen have more reputation as tlump speakers than they merit. Mr., Douglus is far the best popular speaker of the two, and' jet, he is uot by any means the unrivaled orulor the papers represent him. In speaking, lie paces tho platform to and fro, very seldom t stopping and standing In one place to. address the peojile) , lie is a very slow and a very dis- ctptker, yet earnest In his manner and .fluent 'hi lib language. Every word is a distinct and sepurute word, dropping rather UoW1"?. fji-ctca rather than coming, irom his lips. , liach word is a breath, an inde pendent effort of the voice, making Mr. Douglas in 1 this respect the roost singular speuker we ever heard. Tuke, for exam ample, this sentence from his speech: 'I disagreed, and Mr. Buchanan told me, if I did uot go with him, , overy. friend of mine should lose his head.' I nstcad of pronounc ing this in the ordinary flow of one word after the other, without distinct and meas ured pause between them, Mr.. Douglas would put his' wholo speech in itulic, and cmpliasizo ench word as follows: f ldtia-qrtrdand-Mr, Buchanan told inf if did not go Kith him'- kc. i'et he is on Interesting, forcible .speaker, refreshing iu his manner, with great power over tho multitude, and able in debate much beyond, his fellows. Intellectually,. , he would be a man of mark in any council iu the world. ',!,'' .-, . .','.' "Iu person,' Mr,, Douglas is small in stature, symmetrical in form, and of great physical strength. t lie was forty-live years old on the 23d of April lastj-., , ;,, ,, T', r" Mr..L!nco!u is a spare-made tnan, over six feet high gaunt,, long, and awkward. Intellectually, he is net common man, but he lucks the. flash and the flume of a good stump speaker., lie is a luicycr more of a technical special pleader, than, a states man,' His arguments ore metaphysical, and from first principles, rather than from facts." He is , too abstraso for tho multi tude, but witlinl sharp aud witty.- We should judge from what we saw of him tlutt he is a very conscientious, high-minded gen tleman tlte soul of honor,, and no dema gogue. Mr. Douglas, on tlie contrary, is an artful politician, good at turning a short corner, and a demagogue of no mean pre tensions'.", ) 'u , . " la view of the issues involved, and the antecedents aud present affiliations of these distinguished men, both of them , are quite obnoxious to true Americans and jWhigs. Tlie ' nigger .is the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end, of their ha rangues before the nplc. , Marriage cr Kikdreo. A bill Ins passed the House of Representatives of Georgia, by a rote of fifty-six to fifty-two, prohibiting the intermnrringo of first cous ins, under a severe penalty, and cnttiug off the inheritance of the issue. . The preamble to tho bill asserts that many deformations of mind and body are; of congenial origin, from the practice of near kindred intermar rying with each other. I " J5ST The number of Regular Baptists in the United States, , as appcors by the pub lished returns for the year 1857, amounts to 923,198; associations 505; churches 11,- COO; ordained ministers 7,141; licentiates 1,025: baptized in 1857, C3.506, The Dis ciples are estimated at 350,000, and other denominations that' practice immersion, at 176.842.' In 'the. British Provinces the Baptists arc 'estimated to number 29,200, and hi the ' West India' Islauds 80,250. Total in North 'America that practice im mcrsion, 1,515,490. ' ,'j 'v, Tho eighty-second anniversary f( our Independence, was appropriately cele brated at Fort Union, filteen hundred or two thousand miles above St. Louis Mo., being the first commemoration of that event in the Indian country; Mountaineers, tra ders, hunters,, and voyagers of the country, together with pleasure-seekers from differ ent parts of the Union, constituted a re spectable assembly of persons of rnr.ous characters and appearances. The Presi dent of tlie day was James Kipp, who has Ixen forty years in the employ of the Amer ican fur company. Among the participants the Chiefs of the Assinaboine nation, by special invitation, shone in the most con spicuous position, while the country women 0f 5i;nUe.ha-ha graced the places usually occupied by the " ladies," and were remem bered by tho toast-master with all due gal l"try. '""' . ... .- t ' , ' SO In the South Carolina Legi'Jature, Dec. 2, Hon. James Chesant, President of tlie Stat Senate, was elected t n.teu auwes Senator on the tenth ballot.; This is a sig nal triumph of tlie Conirrvativra,; . xffl Janu B. Cur has sold the resi dence of Henry Clay, Ashland, for JOO.000 era of Teiae bad. Democracy, and advocating the ' Skator Seward'8 SPEEcn. Of all tho contemptible methods of misrepresentation In which some men Indulge, tho most des picable Is the practice of quoting a passage so separated from tho context as to make it ; appear that the writer or speaker has said. "'cut. auih wouia ie a most rninons poi whathedidnotsar. It not unfrequently icy- I" enso of war, our credit must be happen that sentence even is broken, and I some single clauso of it quoted iu order to wing a fulsehood. Any one who could be guilty of such on act deserves to bo pillo ried. He justly sinks himself beneath the notice of an honest man, Senator Seward is just now suffering somewhat in this way, through the misrepresentation of ono or two vcnnl and partisan sheets, whose state ments aro copied by other papers, who may believe them to be true. ' Mr. Seward, in his Rochester speed), made the following remark: ' ' On the other hand, while I do confi dently believe nnd hope that my country will vet become a land or universal free dom, I do not expect that it will bemude so otherwise than through tho action of tho several States, co-operating with the Fed eral Government, and all acting in strict conformity with their respective Consti tutions.",. ; , ; v., , ., - This extract of itself shows bow far Mr, Seward was from Indulging In tho Aboli tion tirade and treasonable sentiments that some liavo been prompt to attribute to him Where is the treason contained in that par agraph ? ' The speaker had just before ex pressed his conviction that slave labor and free labor are so opposed to each other that tliey cannot forever continue to exist under one government. A strugglo between the two has been going on, silently or openly, ever since the formation of. the Govern ment; and one or the other must ultimately triumph. : Senator' Seward believes that free labor is destined to achieve that tri umph, and he hits good grounds for his opinion. It is only contemptible journals, liko tho Missouri Republican, that descend to the low falsity of separating parts of sentences, and commenting on those alone, in order to mnke a phiusiblo show of ob jection to such iK'lief. St. Louis Dem, ,, ... , , i . America!? E.NTEnrnrsE. In crossing the plains from Mcndozn ' to Sau Luis, South America, Lieut. Strain met an intelligent American, who had crossed tho Andes and pushed his way thus fur into the unfrequent ed regions of the South. The pursuit of science, Strain supposed, had led an enthu siastic votary to undertake this distant tour iuto the semi-civilized region.' Great was his astonishment to find that the traveler was an ugent for an American patent medi cine.1 '- '" " ' '' "' " '"'"' ' ": Dosati's Comet. The brilliant comet of last full was first discovered about four years since, by Prof. Donnti, of Florence, Italy, from whom it. takes its name. Its period of revolution has been ascertained to be 2,470 years. . : ... ST It is estimated that England pays annually $300,000,000 for manure more than the entire commerce of the country. The total value of a year's crop has been reported to Parliament, soma time ago, as being about $300,000,000. ' ' ' . ' ' 7 Logical. A writer iu the Westminster Review once took the position that alcohol is food, and offered the following logic as proof i -.- " Food is force, .''.''.'! ! Alcohol it force, Therefore, alcohol It food.' '."' " ; Dr. Mussey gives a formula equally lc- gitimnte nnd conclusive, namely: " Hoie-fril is force, Wliipp'ng a hnrre is Ibrce, Therefore, whipping a horso is horse-feed." To which capital logic our Jolm adds his: ';.;,. ' ."'...'.. " My ma it a woman, Qneeu Victoria is a womnn, .. . - 1 brrefure, Quotn Vielo. ia ia my ma." Our Jecmes expresses his sentiments: ' The fnola me not all dead, . , . The wri er of the nbnve ia n t dead, Therefore, ta:4 writer ia a fool." , , A Cdasce. The Petcrsburgh Intelli gencer advertises for, an assistant editor, und says be must be a gentlemen construct ed mainly of wrought iron, having a metal lic skin, embossed with ferruginous warts, and stomieh idnpted W the'dijr st'on o , i , .... y I . . ... n i uiaz:njiigiit;woo(t a'jojf ;awj o.Hpg wuivr, In'sh'orta'steam mafir Such a gentle man, or any person desirous of anticipating the pleasures of Hades below.can find congenial emptoyme'nf at that 'office until frost, -i ' , ' 1 11 ' ' ' te-The Parkeriteaa Jpnrious sort of Baptists) built chnrch, twenty years ago, in Coles County, III., and so deeded it that if there was ever allowed within its walls a temperance lecture, a Bible Society meet ing, a missionary meeting or a Sundsy school, the title was forfeited and Ml back to the original owner. Ten yaars since its pulpit became vacant for want of hearers, and now the sheep and swine sleep there. tQr A woman abandons her opinion the moment her husband adopts it; even in church the women sing an octave higher thin the men, ia order not to agree with them ia ooythmf . - : z ' 1 ' ' 1 1 side of Truth iu every issue. No. 40. Tho Vrtlatit llruaff t'.oaltaae. . AN INCBEASKD TAniri SPECIFIC CITIES. , No statesman would advise, that we should co on incrensincr the nutional debt to meet the ordinary excuses of the govern- and this would be greatly impaired by hav ing contracted a large debt in timo of peace. ftll(1 tllill .,,, , ' 1Vfltf llIlniliri, It is our truo policy, to lucreuse our rev enue so as to equal our expenditures. It would bo ruinous to continue to borrow. Besides, it may bo proper to observe, that the incidental protect on, thus nfTordi'd by a revenue tariff, would ut tho present mo ment, to some extent, increase the conli d"Dcc'oftho manufacturing interest, and give a fresh impulse to our reviving busi ness. ' To this surely no ono will object. ; In regard to tho mode of assessing and Collecting duties under a strictly revenua tariff, I have long entertained and often ex pressed the opinion, thnt sound policy re quires this should be dono by specific du ties, in cases to which theso cun bo prop erly applied. They aro well adapted to commodities which aro usually sold by weight or by measure, and which, from their nature, are of equal or of nearly equal value. ,, Such, for example, are tho articles of iron of different classes, raw sugar, and foreign wines and spirits. - i : Iu my deliberate judgment, specific dit ties are the best, if not the only means of securing the revenues against raise ana fraudulent invoices, and such as been the practice adopted for this purpose by other commercial liatious. Besides, specific -duties would afford so tho American manufac turer tho incidental advantages to which he is fairly entitled under n revenue tariff. Tho present system is a sliding scale to his disadvantage. Under it when prices ore high and business prosperous, tho duties rise in amount when he least requires their aid. i.Oii tho contrary, when prices fall, und he is struggling against advers ty, the duties are d nniiishid in tho same propor tion, groatly to h's injury. '; I - Neither would there bo (lunger tlutt a higher rate of duty than that intended bv Congress, couUl ho levied . in tho form of specihu duties. It would he easier to as certain the average value of uny imported nrticlo for a scries of years; and, instead of subjecting it to nu ad valorem duty at n certain rate per centum, to substitute iu its place nu equivalent specific duty. By such on arrangement tho consumer would not be injured. It is true, he might have to pay a ltttlo moro duty on a given artx'le in one yeqr; but if so, he would pay a little It ss in another, und in a series of years' these would counti rbalaneo tacit other, and amount to the same thing, so far as litstuterist is concerned. Hits incon venience would bo trifling, when contrasted with the udd.tional security thus afforded against frauds upon the revenue, in which-l every consumer is directly intercslal. I hnvo thrown out these suggestions as the fruit of my own observation, to which Congress, In their better judgment, will givo such weight as they may justly deserve. . the treasury, ; The report of tho Secretary of the Treas ury will expluin in detail tho operations of that department of tho government. The receipts into the Treasury from nil sources during tho fiscal year ending 30th June, 1858, including the treasury notes author ized by tho act of December 23, 1857, were seventy million two hundred and scv-enty-thrco thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine dollars and fiity-nino cents ($70, 273,809,69), which amount, with the balance of seventeen million seven hundred and ten thousand one hundred and four teen dollars and twenty-seven cents ($17, 710,114,27) remaining in tho treasury at the commencement of tho year, mndu an aggregate for the service of tho year of eighty-seven million nine liniulreil una eighty-threo thousand nine hundred and eighty-three dollars nnd eighty-six cents, ($87',D83,D83,80.) ' The public expenditures during tho fiscal year ending June 80,' 1858, amounted to e'ghty-ono million five hundred and cighly- fivo thousand six hundred and sixty-seven dollars and seventy-six cents ($Hl,587,0G7, 70), of which nine million six hundred nnd eighty-four thousand five hundred and thir ty-seven dollars and ninety-nine cents ib'J. 081,537,99) were applied to the payment of the public debt, nml redemption of treas ury notes with the interest tlierron, leaving in tho treasury on Jttiy 1, 1858, being the commencement or the- present liscnl yenr, six million three hundred and ninety-eight thousand three hundred and sixteen dol lars and ten cents ($0,398,310,10.) The receipts iuto the treasury during the first quarter ot the present licui year, com mencingthe 1st July, 1858, including ono half of tlie loan of twelve millions of dollars, with tho premium upon it, authorized by the act of 14th June, 1858, wcro twenty- five Billi on two hundred and thirty thousand eiirlit hundred and screuty-iiinu dollars and forty-six cents ($25,230,879,40), aud ihe eetimat'd recc'ntsfor the remaining three quarters to the 80th June, 1859, (torn or dinary resources, ore thiriy-e;gU million five hundred thoa'und dollars ($38,500, 000). making, with the balance before stated, an aggregate of seventy million otic hundred and twenty-nine thousiind one huu- dred and ninety-live dollars aud fifty-six cents ($70,129,195,50) The expenditures during the first qnnrttr of the present fiscal yenr were twenty-one million seven hundred aud fight thousand one hundred and D'uwty-eight dollars and fifty-one cent ($21,708,198,51); of which one million and ten thousand one hundred and forty-two dollars nad thirty-ncvcn cents ($1,010,142,37), were apled to the pay ment of the pubhc debt and the rcdi-nit t on of treasury notes, and the iiiU-re t tiinwn. The estimated expenditure during the re maining three quarters to 80th June, 1859, are fifty-two million three handred and nine-ty-ight dollars and forty-eight cent, ($52, g59,98,48) makmf oa aggregate of ae ADVEItTISINO KATES.' On eqaart (13 hue or lew) ont iuttrtiea, - ., two insertions, 4,0 " , tl.rv iiuK-niona, fi.i'U Each tubtrquent Intertliiu, U O ' Rttsonabl deductions to thus alio tdvertit ty i the year. JOD PBINTINO. Tn a raoraiKToa or rui AltGl'S it nrrr to inform the nubile that h haa Just received a large stork of J Oil TYl'K aud ether new print ing, material, and will be In the erdy rtie pt o id I Hums ml 'rd to nil ihe nqnii en'ente of th 't lr enlny. II AN 0HII.IJ4, 1'OhlKllf), HI ANKH, t'AKUS, Cll'.urLAllH, 1'AMl IILHT-WOUK and oilier kimlt, done to order, on short itotlce. enty-four million sixty-five thousand eight hundred and ninety-six dollars and ubiety nino cents, ($74,005,890,99) being on ex cess of expenditures beyond the estimated receipts iuto the treasury from ordinary sources, during the fiscal year to the BOili Juno, 1859, of three tuill.on ulne hundred and thirty-six thousand seven hundred aud one dollars and forty-thrco cents ($3,930, 701,43). Extraordinary means aro placed by law within coinmnnd of the Secretary of tho Treasury, by the re-issue of treasury notes redeemed, and by negotiating tho bnluticc of the loan ntttltprized by the act of 14th June, 1858, to tlie extent of eleven millions of dollurs, whieh, If realized during tho present fiscul year will leavo a balnncu in tho treasury, on the first day of July; 1859, of seven million sixty-three thousand two hundred aud ninety-eight dollurs and and GQy-scvcu cunts ($7,003,29,57). . The estimated receipts during the next fiscal year ending 30th June, 1800, n re six ty-l wo millions or dollars (02,O0O,00u), which, with the abovo estimated balance of seven million sixty-three thousand two hun dred and ninety-eight dollars uud fifty-seven cents ($7,0G3,iU8,67), make an aggro gate for the service of the next fiscul yeat4 of sixty-iiltio million sixty-three thousand two hundred and ninety-eight dollars and fifty-seven cents ($69,008,298,57). Tho estimated expenditures during the next fis cul year ending 30lh June, 1800, are ser-cnty-threo millioa ono hundred and thirty-; nine thousand ono hundred and forty-seven dollars and forty-six cents ($73,139,147, 40). which leave a deficit of estimated means, compared with the estimated ex penditures for that yenr, commencing on tho first of July, 1859, of four million and seventy-fivo thousand eight hundred aud forty-eight dollars and cighty-uinc cents ($4,075,858,89) ' . . - ' lu addition to this sum, the Postmaster General will require from tho treasury, for. tho service of the Post Office Department, tlireo million eight hundred and thirty-eight thousuud seven hundred and twenty-eight dollars, ($3,838,728), as explained in tho report of tho Secretary of the Treasury, : which will increase tho estimated deficit on tho 30th Juno, 1800, to seven million tiine hundred nnd fourteen thousand five hundred and seventy-six dollars and cighty-nuio cents, ($7,914,576,89.) . .- ';'; To provide, for tho payment of this esti mated deficiency, which will bo inereiiMid by such appropriations as inny uo j nuido by Congress, not estimated for in . the report of tho Treasury'Deiinrtineut, as j well ns to provide for tho gradual rcdetnp-'( tion, from yenr to year, of the outstanding -( treasury notes, the Seeretury of the Treat-. tirv r; commends such n revision of the pres ent tariff ns will raise tho required amount. , After whut I have already said, 1 need senrcdy add that I concur iu tho opiuion J expressed in ins report mat, mo jiuuiio debt should not bo increased by un nddi-"( tionul loan, nnd would therefore strongly . urge upou Congress the duly of making, ut ( their present session, the necessary provis-' ion for meeting these liabilities. . , , THE PUBLIC DEBT. ' ' ' The public debt on tho 1st of July, 1858, ! tho commencement of tho present fiscal " yenr, was $25,155,977,06. ' , ' . During tho first quarter of the present ', yenr, tho sum of $10,000,000 has been nc- . gotiated of the loan authorized by' the act ; of Uth June, 1858 making the preseut ; outstanding public debt, exclusive of treas ury notes, $35,155,977,0(1. Thero was on tho 1st July, 1858, of treasury notes issued by authority of tho net of December, 23, : 1857, unredeemed, the sum of $19,754,800 making tho amount of net mil indebted ness, nt that date, $.)4,01O,777,O. To ' this will be added $10,000,000 during the'' present fiscal year this being the remain- ' ing half of the loan of $20,000,000, not 1 yet negotiated. ' Tho rapid Increase of tho public debt, : ami the necessity which exists for a modifl- cation of tho tariff, to meet even the ordi- nary expenses of the government, ought to ! admonish us all, in our respective spheres of duly, to tho practice 'of rigid economy. The objects of expenditure should bo limit- ' cd In number, ns far ns this may be practi cable, and the appropriations iicrcRsary to ' carry them into effect, oup;ht tn be disbursed i under the strictest accountability. Enllght-' ened economy does not consist In the refu sal to appropriate money for constitution:.! ' purposes, essential to the th-fense, progrtr,.', and prosperity of the republic, lint in hiking " care that none of this money shall bo wast- " cd by mismanagement, in its application to the ol j cts designated by law. ' Comparisons between the annual rxpen- . diliire at the presenf time, and whut it was ten or twenty years ogo, are altogether fui- , htcious. The rapid increase of our country , in exteut and population renders a corres- , ponding increase of expenditure, to some extent, unavoidable. This is constantly creating new objects of expenditure, and augmenting the amount required for the old. The true questions then, arc, have Ihesc objects been unnecessarily multiplied? , or, has the amount expended upon any or ull of them been larger than comports with ' due fconomy? In accordance with these . principles, the heads of the different execu tive d partmeiiU of the government have , lieen instructed to reduce their estimates for the next fiscal year to the lowest stand ard con!stcnt with the efficiency of the rr r vic and this duty they have performed in a sprit of just rconoiny. Tho estimates of , theTrtn'ury, War, Navy, and Interior De- ' partments, have each been in some degrco rednccd; and unless a sudden aud nnfor- ' iocn emergency should arise, it Is anticipnt- . cd that a deficiency will exist in cither , within the present or next fiscal year. Tho ' port Office Department Is placed in a pe- ' culiar position, different from the other dc- j partments, and to this I shall hereafter refer. I Invite Congress to, institute a rigid ; terutiny to ascertain whether the expenses A tn all the. department cannot be still fur- . ther reduced; and I promise tbem all the t; H r;l' 1. ! 1 iff i'-'t rT P, 2$ si 1- S i II it fa h PA U J V w.i V.' : ft. id aJ i ri-' jmiiea-rfwire: It ie eeldoa. thai thia aaA